Societal and technological development, together with rapid urbanisation, has contributed to the
growing complexity of land use. Traditional land cadastral systems, based on 2D-models of real property
units, have limited capabilities for modelling and spatial delineations of rights, restrictions, and
responsibilities (RRR). Particularly in an urban environment, there is an increasing requirement for the
vertical delineation of the space and 3D modelling of real property units to which RRRs are related.
Therefore, the focus of modern cadastral systems is on the support of the 3D data models and
technologies, which enable efficient modelling of complex RRR situations. This doctoral dissertation is
focused on the technical aspects of multipurpose 3D cadastres and is limited to buildings. First, the
concept of a multipurpose 3D cadastral model was developed, following the LADM international
standard for land administration domain and linked to standards for spatial data (IFC, CityGML,
IndoorGML). This linking enables the usage of 3D-cadastral data in other domains and is possible
mainly due to the indoor spaces being the core element of the proposed 3D-cadastral data model. Based
on the analysis of the existing 2D cadastral data on buildings, we assessed data usability for 3D
modelling based on the developed concept. We developed the process for obtaining the indoor
connectivity graph based on the extraction of topological relationships between 3D geometries of indoor
spaces aiming to contribute to the multifunctionality of cadastral systems (e.g., for indoor navigation).
The lack of 3D cadastral datasets is addressed by procedural modelling, which provides the simulation
of large-scale 3D cadastral datasets. The simulated dataset allows the execution and evaluation of 3D
spatial analyses. The presented research suggests that the available technologies for 3D spatial data
processing, storage, and maintenance already exist and make possible the development of various
solutions. However, much research is still needed to enable the operational introduction of 3D cadastre.
Our research has also proved that properly structured 3D-cadastral data could be used for applications
beyond the land administration domain. This doctoral thesis thus introduces new knowledge that will
contribute to the ongoing developments of 3D cadastral systems.
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