317 KB102 KB201320262026Weingerl, Petraštevilka:3/4letnik:52str. 460-494ISSN:0353-6521COBISSID_HOST:285259779URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-39MCOF9IslGospodarski vestnikInštitut za delo pri Pravni fakultetiZveza Društev pravnikov v gospodarstvu SlovenijePodjetje in deloconsistent interpretationdirect effectdisapplication of incompatible legislationeffet utilehibridna pravna sredstvahybrid remediesnacionalna procesna avtonomijanacionalni sodnikinačelo primarnosti prava EUnational courtsnational procedural autonomyneposredni učinekneuporaba neskladne zakonodajeprimacy of EU lawskladna razlagatriad of principlestriada načelNačelo primarnosti prava EU in obveznosti nacionalnih sodnikov - od effet utile do Francovicha|In accordance with the principle of primacy, European Union law prevails over conflicting provisions of national law. Consequently, Member States, acting through both their legislative and judicial authorities, are required to take all necessary measures to ensure the full effectiveness (effet utile) of EU law within their domestic legal orders. The main research question is how a national court should proceed when it finds that national legislation is incompatible with EU law. While the principle of primacy appears straightforward in the abstract, the precise duties of national courts in situations of conflict are not always self-evident. The primary mechanism through which a national court seeks to reconcile such a conflict is the principle of consistent interpretation. This obligation applies irrespective of whether the relevant provision of EU law possesses direct effect. It derives from the combined operation of the principle of primacy and the principle of sincere cooperation. Moreover, the duty of consistent interpretation is exceptionally far-reaching, requiring national courts to interpret domestic law, so far as possible, in light of the wording and purpose of the relevant EU measure. Only if a consistent interpretation of national law nevertheless fails to achieve the desired objective in light of EU law does the question of the direct effect of a specific provision of Union law arise. If the provision has such an effect, it may be directly applied instead of the incompatible national provision. If it does not, the national authority (the judge and/or the legislature) must do everything possible to ensure that its content nevertheless achieves “full effect” within the national legal system. How the national authority will do this, however, is, in accordance with Article 288 TFEU, largely left within the discretion of the competent national authoritiesPovzetek: Skladno z načelom primarnosti ima pravo EU prednost v koliziji z nacionalnim pravom, države članice (bodisi zakonodajalec bodisi sodišča) pa morajo narediti vse, da se pravu EU zagotovi polni učinek (effet utile) v nacionalnem pravnem redu. Osrednje raziskovalno vprašanje je, kako mora ravnati nacionalni sodnik, ko ugotovi, da nacionalna zakonodaja ni skladna s pravom EU. Čeprav je temeljno pravilo načela primarnosti prava EU na prvi pogled preprosto, pa konkretne obveznosti nacionalnih sodišč v primeru take kolizije niso vedno povsem jasne. Prva metoda, s katero bo sodišče poskušalo rešiti kolizijo, je skladna razlaga, ne glede na to, ali ima določba prava Unije t. i. neposredni učinek ali ne. To izhaja iz načela primarnosti prava EU v povezavi z načelom lojalnega sodelovanja. Obveznost skladne razlage je izjemno široka. Šele če s to razlago nacionalne zakonodaje vendarle ni možno priti do želenega cilja v luči prava EU, se pojavi vprašanje neposrednega učinka določene določbe prava EU. Če določba tak učinek ima, se bo lahko neposredno uporabila namesto neskladne nacionalne določbe. Če ga nima, mora nacionalni organ (sodnik in/ali zakonodajalec) narediti vse, da se njeni vsebini kljub vsemu zagotovi »polni učinek« v nacionalnem pravnem redu. Kako bo to nacionalni organ storil, pa je skladno z 288. členom PDEU v veliki meri prepuščeno temu organu samemuTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of Slovenia