29 KB1301 KB27 KB199219991997Ažman, SlavkoVehovar, Leopoldletnik:31številka:57 stranistr. 305-311ISSN:1318-0010COBISSID:18991109URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-51SFUDV9slInštitut za kovinske materiale in tehnologijeŽelezarna JeseniceŽelezarna RavneŽelezarna ŠtoreKovine zlitine tehnologijeaktivacijska energijadifuzijajeklaprehodni elementitemperaturavodikova krhkostVpliv prehodnih elementov in njihovih karbidov na aktivacijsko in vezalno energijo pasti v mikrolegiranih jeklih| The influence of transition metals and their carbides on trap activation and binding energy in microalloyed steel|The research work is linked with investigations concerned the influence of different traps i. e. substitutialy dissolved transition metals of the IV. and V. period of the Periodic System (Nb, V, Ti and Mo) or their carbides, which play an important role in the strengthening process of the matrix (mechanical properties increased) after thermomechanical treatment. Traps are directly in connection with the process of charging of hydrogen into the scrystal lattice, and particulary with the trap binding or trap activation energy. With the permeation method which makes possible the determination of diffusion constant, was established that Fe-V-C and Fe-Nb have the largest ?$t_lag$? at the temperature combination 298 and 323 K. That behaviour means, that of both sorts of alloys could be expected the greatest activation and binding energy of traps in the form of VCx carbides or substitutialy dissolved Nb-atoms. From diffusion constants calculated trap binding energy (Evp) confirm the assumption of large differences in both energies. In ternary Fe-Me-C systems NbCx carbides show the lowest Evp for hydrogen (-2,42 kJ/mol), but that does not cause a critical concentration of H-atoms at trap sites. For this reason, according to different mechanisms, no nucleation of cracks and growth of macrocracks with their coalescence is possible. The same carbides show the lowest Eap (16.12 kJ/mol) needed for hydrogen to escape from trap sites to normal lattice sites or to the outer surface. Production of steel resistant to hydrogen embrittlement is therefore possible by alloying with Nb or even Mo or Ti, however the excessive amount of elements as Ti or Nb in solid solution is detrimentalDelo je povezano z raziskavami vpliva različnih pasti, ki jih tvorijo bodisi substitucijsko raztopljeni prehodni elementi IV. in V. skupine periodnega sistema (Nb, V, Ti in Mo) bodisi z njihovimi karbidi in imajo pomembno vlogo pri učvrščanju matrice (povečanje mehanskih lastnosti) po termomehanski obdelavi. Pasti so neposredno povezane s procesi vodičenja, katerih kinetika je odvisna od vezalne energije pasti in njihove energije aktivacije. Z metodo permeacije, ki omogola določevanje difuzijske konstante, je bilo ugotovljeno, da imata Fe-V-C in Fe-Nb najdaljši časovni zaostanek pri temperaturni kombinaciji 298 K in 323 K. To pomeni, da pri obeh zlitinah lahko pričakujemo največjo aktivacijsko in vezalno energijo pasti v obliki VCx-karbidov oz. substitucijsko raztopljenih Nb atomov. Iz difuzijskih konstant izračunane Evp in Eap pasti potrjujejo zgornjo predpostavko, da obstajajo znatne razlike pri obeh energijah. V ternarnih sistemih Fe-Me-C ima NbCx-karbid najmanjšo Evp za vodik (2,42 kJ/mol), to pa ne omogoča koncentracije tiste kritične količine H-atomov v njegovi okolici, s katero bi po različnih mehanizmih delovanja vodika lahko prišlo do nukleacije mikrorazpok, s koalescenco teh pa bi nastale makrorazpoke. Taisti karbid ima tudi najmanjšo Eap (16, 12 kJ/mol), kar pomeni, da se že vezani vodik lahko hitro iztrga iz objema pasti, od koder lahko migrira v urejeno kristalno mrežo in od tod iz kovine. Izdelava jekla, odpornega proti vodikovi krhkosti, je torej možna z legiranjem z niobijem, pa tudi molibdenom in titanom, prebitki nekaterih prehodnih elementov, ki niso vezani v karbid, pa so škodljiviTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of Slovenia