399 KB46 KB200920252016Retelj, Andrejaštevilka:1letnik:8str. 217-233ISSN:1855-8453COBISSID:63064162URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-0QGIA75LdeZnanstvena založba Filozofske fakulteteVestnik za tuje jezikedidactic methoddidaktikagovorna zmožnostizobraževalni programinemščina kot drugi jezikSEJOSloveniaSlovenijasrednješolsko izobraževanjeučne dejavnostiSprechkompetenz im DaF-Unterricht an slowenischen Gymnasien| von der Theorie zur Praxis|This article presents the speaking competence in German language classes in Slovenian secondary schools from three different perspectives: it gives the definition of speaking competence within the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), within the Syllabus for German for Secondary Schools, and within learning activities for teaching and developing speaking competence in German foreign language classes. The analysis of both documents shows that great importance is attributed to speaking competence, but, at the same time, both documents provide us with guidelines in terms of what is expected from each student at a certain CEFR level and what kind of language competence and knowledge a student is required to demonstrate in order to qualify for a certain level. The syllabus additionally adapts CEFR guidelines to the learning context and target groups. It is thus expected of a Slovenian secondary school student to be able to communicate on an independent user level at the end of the secondary school education. Both documents define speaking competence theoretically. However, the documents do not provide insight into the development of speaking competence in particular classes. The analysis of the survey conducted among teachers showed that speaking competence is developed only within limited frameworks. The most frequent reasons were lack of time, difficult error correction, insufficient classroom control, poor students' performance, lack of motivation and large classes. The survey also revealed that teachers chose only a small repertoire of learning activities for developing speaking competence. In order for Slovenian secondary students to truly develop high-level speaking competence, teachers should considerably alter their views on their own role, as well as a student's role in the classroom, introduce learning activities into language classes which develop free speech, and above all encourage students' independence and responsibility for their own learning processV članku predstavljamo, kako se razvija govorna zmožnosti pri pouku nemščine v slovenskih gimnazijah. Vključili smo tri vidike: opredelitev govorne zmožnosti v Skupnem evropskem referenčnem okviru (kratko SEJO), Učni načrt za nemščino za gimnazije in učne dejavnosti za poučevanje in razvijanje govorne zmožnosti pri pouku. Analiza obeh dokumentov kaže, da se govorni zmožnosti pripisuje velik pomen. V obeh dokumentih najdemo smernice, kaj se od učenca na posamezni ravni pričakuje in kakšno jezikovno znanje in kompetence mora učenec pokazati, da se ga lahko umesti na določeno raven. Učni načrt smernice v SEJO še dodatno prilagodi učnemu kontekstu in cilji skupini. Od slovenskega gimnazijca se ob koncu šolanja tako pričakuje raven samostojnega govorca. Oba dokumenta teoretsko opredelita govorno zmožnost, vendar ne dajeta vpogleda, kako se govorna zmožnost razvija v posameznih razredih. Analiza ankete med učitelji je pokazala, da se govorna zmožnost razvija le v omejenih okvirih. Kot najpogostejši vzrok za to učitelji navajajo premalo časa, težavno popravljanje napak, premajhno kontrolo nad razredom, slabo znanje učencev, nemotiviranost in preveliko število učencev v razredu. Prav tako je iz ankete razvidno, da učitelji za razvijanje govorne zmožnosti izbirajo le majhen repertoar učnih dejavnosti. Da bi slovenski gimnazijci resnično lahko razvili visoko govorno zmožnost, bi morali učitelji temeljito spremeniti pogled na svojo in učenčevo vlogo v razredu, v pouk vpeljevati tudi učne dejavnosti, ki razvijajo prosti govor, predvsem pa spodbujati učenčevo samostojnost in odgovornost za lastno učenjeTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaZnanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete