4053 KB30 KB198920251991Borstner, Bojanštevilka:1letnik:12str. 205-214ISSN:0353-4510COBISSID:3177476URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-5ILMID14enFilozofski inštitut ZRC SAZUFilozofski vestnikfilozofijaontologijaontologyphilosophystrukturne univerzalijeOn structural universals|This article is about ontology. It was stated that properties (relation) are fundamental constituents of reality. There are at least three different theories about the nature of properties: properties as perfect praticulars - Bergmann, properties as abstract particulars - trope theory, and properties as universals. The universal theory was defended against different objections. The results of this procedure was used in the case of structural universals against theses: (a) they are just a mereological composition of theirs constituent universals (parts); (b) they are simple (unstructured) properties of individuals - magic as an alternative. Relational theory of structural universals with three metaphysical levels (material individuals; properties and relations of these individuals; properties and relations which hold between properties or relations of individuals - with internal relations of proportion holding between properties and relations of universals) was proposed as the solution of the neither magic nor mereology problemČlanek se ukvarja z ontologijo. Trdi se, da so lastnosti (relacije) osnovni gradniki realnosti. Poznane so vsaj tri različne teorije o naravi lastnosti: lastnosti kot popolne partikularije - Bergmann; lastnosti kot abstraktne partikularije - teorija tropov; lastnosti kot univerzalije. Avtor brani teoriji univerzalij pred različnimi ugovori. Rezultati te obrambe se uporabljajo v primeru strukturnih univerzalij proti dvema trditvama: (a) strukturne univerzalije so le mereološka vsota posameznih sestavljajočih univerzalij; (b) strukturne univerzalije so enostavne (nestrukturirane) lastnosti posameznih stvari - magija kot alternativa. Kot rešitev problema 'niti magija niti mereologija' je predlagana relacijska teorija strukturnih univerzalij, ki vključuje tri metafizične nivoje (materialne posamezne stvari; lastnosti in relacije teh stvari; lastnosti in relacije drugega reda - z notranjimi relacijami razmerja (proportion), ki so med lastnostmi in relacijami univerzalij)TEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaZRC SAZU