<?xml version="1.0"?><rdf:RDF xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:edm="http://www.europeana.eu/schemas/edm/" xmlns:wgs84_pos="http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:rdaGr2="http://rdvocab.info/ElementsGr2" xmlns:oai="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:ore="http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-66QGSNBE/54d82945-14ee-44cd-bab1-f671b2306442/PDF"><dcterms:extent>291 KB</dcterms:extent></edm:WebResource><edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-66QGSNBE/dac057ee-b0be-4a1b-aec9-d7cc4d3a6b17/TEXT"><dcterms:extent>22 KB</dcterms:extent></edm:WebResource><edm:TimeSpan rdf:about="1929-2026"><edm:begin xml:lang="en">1929</edm:begin><edm:end xml:lang="en">2026</edm:end></edm:TimeSpan><edm:ProvidedCHO rdf:about="URN:NBN:SI:doc-66QGSNBE"><dcterms:isPartOf rdf:resource="https://www.dlib.si/details/urn:nbn:si:spr-a30mfzkp" /><dcterms:issued>2004</dcterms:issued><dc:creator>Lešničar, Gorazd</dc:creator><dc:format xml:lang="sl">številka:4</dc:format><dc:format xml:lang="sl">letnik:73</dc:format><dc:format xml:lang="sl">str. 231-234</dc:format><dc:identifier>ISSN:1318-0347</dc:identifier><dc:identifier>COBISSID_HOST:17859033</dc:identifier><dc:identifier>URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-66QGSNBE</dc:identifier><dc:language>sl</dc:language><dc:publisher xml:lang="sl">Slovensko zdravniško društvo</dc:publisher><dcterms:isPartOf xml:lang="sl">Zdravniški vestnik</dcterms:isPartOf><dc:subject xml:lang="sl">Antiviral Agents</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="sl">Antivirusna zdravila</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="sl">Dojenček</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="sl">Hepatitis C</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="sl">Hiv Infections</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="sl">HIV infekcije</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="sl">Infant</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="sl">Prevention And Control</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="sl">Transmission</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="sl">Zidovudin</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="sl">Zidovudine</dc:subject><dcterms:temporal rdf:resource="1929-2026" /><dc:title xml:lang="sl">Profilaktični ukrepi proti okužbi z virusom hepatitisa C in HIV pri dojenčkih| Prophylactic measures against infection with hepatitis C virus and HIV in infants|</dc:title><dc:description xml:lang="sl">Background. The World Health Organization estimates that every year more then 500,000 infants get infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 10,000 - 60, 000 with hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. Rapid and early diagnosis of HCV and HIV infection in exposed infants is rendered difficult because of transplacental passage of maternal IgG antibodies to the virus thatare present in infants up to 28 months of age. Mother-to-infant transmission of HCV is comparatively uncommon. Further- more, chronic hepatitis C does not appear to worsen the outcome of pregnancy or predispose fetal abnormalities. The rate of mother-to-infant transmission is 4 to 7% per pregnancy in women with HCV viremia. Perinatal infection with HCV is usually asymptoynatic. Concomitant infection in pregnant women with HIV increases the rate of transmission of HCV infection 4 to 5 fold. Cesarean section is not recommended and current available medications against HCV infection are contraindicated because of fetal toxicity. Breastfeeding poses no relevant risk of HCV transmission. Conclusions. Perinatal transmission of HIV from mother to child accounts to 5 to 20% of acquired HIV infections worldwide. It is by far the major source of infection and represents more that 90% of all infections in children. Transmission of HIV occurs either before birth, duringdelivevy or through breastfeeding. Recently, zidovudine and some other antiretrovirals administered during pregnancy; at delivery, and in the first 6weeks of life to the infant have reduced transmission by more than two thirds(from. 25 to less than 5%). The experts have also recommended elective cesarean section and dissuaded HIV positive mothers from breastfeeding.. Experts must also test strategies to further decrease the risk for perinatal HCV and HIV infection. Significant progress in the area of new safe and effective vaccines is eagerly expected</dc:description><dc:description xml:lang="sl">Izhodišča. Po ocenah Svetovne zdravstvene organizacije se letno okuži z virusom človeške imunske pomanjkljivosti (HIV) prek 500.000 dojenčkov, z virusom hepatitisa C (HCV) pa od 10.000 do 60.000. Hitra in zgodnja diagnoza okužb s HCV in HIV pri izpostavjenem plodu je otežkočena zaradi prehajanja materinih protiteles IgG skozi placento in njihove navzočnosti v plodu vse do starosti 18 mesecev. Prenos okužbe s HCV iz matere na dojenčka je sorazmerno redek. Kronični hepatitis C tudi ne poslabša poteka nosečnosti oz. ne povzročaotroških razvojnih nepravilnosti. Pogostost obporodnega prenosa HCV naplod je 4 do 7%, okužba je običajno klinično neopazna. Sočasna okužba nosečnice s HIV zviša možnost prenosa HCV za 4- do 5-krat. Carski rez ni potreben, uporabo sodobnih zdravil za zdravljenje okužbe s HCV pa zaradi njihove toksičnosti za plod odsvetujejo. Dojenje ne pomeni nevarnosti za prenos okužhe s HCV. Zaključki. Okužbe s HIV, ki nastanejo obporodno, s prenosom HIV iz matere na plod, pomenijo 5 do 10% od vseh okužb s HIV na svetu. Ta način okužbe s HIV je sicer pri otrocih najpomembnejši in predstavlja več kot 90% vseh okužb. Do okužbe s HIV lahko pride v času nosečnosti, med porodom in po porodu v času dojenja. V zadnjem času je profilaktično zdravljenje s HIV okuženih žensk, z zidovuodinom in nekaterimi drugimi protiretrovirusnimi zdravili med nosečnostjo in v času poroda ter zdravljenje novorojenčkov v prvih 6 tednih zmanjšalo prenos HIV okužbe za več kot dve tretjini (s 25 na manj kot 5%). Strokovnjaki priporočajo porod s carskim rezom še zlasti, če virusno breme pri nosečnici ob porodu znaša več kot 1000 kopij/mL), in odsvetujejo dojenje. Strokovnjaki morajo še naprej iskati ustrezne strategije, ki bodo pripeljale do nadaljnjega zmanjševanja tveganja obporodnih okužb s HCV in HIV, zlasti pa pričakujemo odkritje učinkovitih in varnih cepiv</dc:description><edm:type>TEXT</edm:type><dc:type xml:lang="sl">znanstveno časopisje</dc:type><dc:type xml:lang="en">journals</dc:type><dc:type rdf:resource="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q361785" /></edm:ProvidedCHO><ore:Aggregation rdf:about="http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:doc-66QGSNBE"><edm:aggregatedCHO rdf:resource="URN:NBN:SI:doc-66QGSNBE" /><edm:isShownBy rdf:resource="http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-66QGSNBE/54d82945-14ee-44cd-bab1-f671b2306442/PDF" /><edm:rights rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" /><edm:provider>Slovenian National E-content Aggregator</edm:provider><edm:intermediateProvider xml:lang="en">National and University Library of Slovenia</edm:intermediateProvider><edm:dataProvider xml:lang="sl">Slovensko zdravniško društvo</edm:dataProvider><edm:object rdf:resource="http://www.dlib.si/streamdb/URN:NBN:SI:doc-66QGSNBE/maxi/edm" /><edm:isShownAt rdf:resource="http://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:doc-66QGSNBE" /></ore:Aggregation></rdf:RDF>