20 KB105 KB19 KB192920262006Besednjak-Kocijančič, Lilijanaštevilka:5letnik:75str. 315-318ISSN:1318-0347COBISSID:21351641URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-CL97FPGTslSlovensko zdravniško društvoZdravniški vestnikAsthmaAstmababychildChild, PreschoolDojenčekInfantKajenjeotrociOtrok predšolskiParentspasivno kajenjeSmokingStaršiTobacco Smoke PollutionTobačni dim, onesnaženjeVpliv izpostavljenosti pasivnemu kajenju v prvem letu starosti na prevalenco alergijske astme pri petletnih otrocih| Relationship between passive tobacco smoke exposure in the first year of life and the development of allergic asthma in 5-years old children|The asthma prevalence continues to rise. Higher prevalence is observed in children whose mothers smoked before or during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to asses whether there is some difference in asthma prevalence between children who had been and those who had never been exposed passively to tobacco smoke (PTS). This study included 556 children with birth weight at least 3000g, exclusively breast fed for 6 month and with a positive history ofparental allergy confirmed by allergy testing. Regarding PTS exposure in thefirst year of lif` they were divided in four groups: Group A of 368 children of non-smoking parents, Group B of 52 children with both smoking parents, Group C of 58 children with a mother smoker and Group D of 83 children with a father smoker. Physician's diagnosis of asthma was ascertainedwith IgE testing and positive skin prick testes. SPSS software 11.0(chi-square analysis with Yates' correction) was used for statistical analyses. P-values less than 0.01 were considered significant. At the age of 534.9% of children exposed to PTS (in group B 50%, C 53.45% and in D 12.05% of children), and only 7.16% of non-exposed children (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of asthma was significantly higher in group B and C where mother.was smoking (p < 0.0001). Significant association between PTS exposure in the first year of life and the development of asthma was demonstrated. The prevalence of asthma was higher in children whose mothers or both parents smokedPrevalenca astme pri otrocih narašča. Znano je, da kajenje matere pred in v nosečnosti zveča tveganje za nastanek astme pri otroku. Z raziskavo smo želeliugotoviti, ali je alergijska astma pogostejša pri otrocih, ki so bili izpostavljeni, kot pri tistih, ki niso bili izpostavljeni tobačnemu dimu (pasivno kajenje v prvem letu starosti). V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 556 otrok s potrjeno alergijo pri starših ali sorojencih. Ob rojstvu so tehtali 3000g ali več in so bili dojeni vsaj 6 mesecev. Glede na izpostavljenost PK v prvem letu in kajenje staršev so bili otroci razdeljeni v štiri skupine: A -368 otrok: starša nekadilca, B - 52 otrok: oba starša kadilca, C - 58 otrok: mati kadilka, D - 83 otrok: oče kadilec. Diagnoza alergijske astme je bila potrjena s povišano vrednostjo specifičnih in celotnih protiteles IgE ter s testiranjem po Pricku. hi2 test z Yatesovim popravkom je bil uporabljen za potrditev razlike v prevalenci astme med skupinami. Podatki so bili obdelani sprogramom SPSS 11.0. Za statistično značilno je bila določena vrednost p < 0,01. V starosti 5 let je imelo astmo 34,9% otrok, izpostavljenih PK (v skupini B 50% skupini C 53,45% in v skupini D 12,05% otrok) in le 7,16% PK neizpostavljenih otrok (p < 0,0001). Prevalenca astme je bila statistično značilno večja v skupinah (B, C), kjer je kadila mati (p < 0,0001). PK v prvemletu starosti je pomemben dejavnik okolja za razvoj astme pri otroku. Pogostost bolezni je večja takrat, ko kadi mati ali pa oba staršaTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaSlovensko zdravniško društvo