39 KB111 KB18 KB192920262008Majcen-Vivod, Božislavaštevilka:14 straniletnik:77str. I-183-I-186ISSN:1318-0347COBISSID:2917951URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-KJIIUL7TslSlovensko zdravniško društvoZdravniški vestnikBlood DonorsCepljenjeHepatitis AHepatitis AntibodiesHepatitis, protitelesaJaundiceKrvodajalciprevalencaVaccinationZlatenicaPrevalenca protiteles proti virusu hepatitisa A med krvodajalci in med bolniki v UKC Maribor| Seroprevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus in blood donors and patients in University clinical centre Maribor|Background. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is picornavirus, which is transmitted via the faecal oral route by contaminated food or water. Lifelong immunity is conferred by infection or vaccination. This study evaluated seroprevalence of hepatitis A (HAV) antibodies in blood donors in University Clinical Center Maribor. In Europe, this infection commonly affects those returning from endemic areas. Because the severity of illness increases with age, hepatitis A vaccine is recommended for persons who travel to the endemic areas. Methods. A total 734 subjects (503 men and 231 women), aged 18-65, were enrolled in the study. Anti-HAV antibodies (IgG) were determined with an automated enzyme immunoassay (Axsym, Abbott Diagnostics) The data from patients tested in 2004-05 were taken from our DATEC program. The patients were tested with same reagents. Results. The overall prevalence of anti HAV antibodies was 33.5 %. Among men prevalence of anti HAV antibodies was 38.4 % and among women prevalence of anti HAV antibodies was 22.9 %. The prevalence of antibodies was lower in younger population. The overall prevalence among patients was 57 %, in women 59 % and 56 % in men. Conclusions. Seroprevalence of anti-HAV antibodies declined in last decades in European countries. In our study 20 % blood donors had antibodies anti-HAV in the group younger than 35 years and among patient only 15 % of patients had antibodies in the same group. The use of a vaccine against hepatitis A virus has to be considered for the prevention of symptomatic hepatitis, especially in adults at risk for infection, such as those who travel to areas with poor sanitation. Furthermore, they should take into consideration the fact that the severity of the disease increases with ageIzhodišča. Virus hepatitisa A (HAV) spada med picorna viruse. Okužba se širi fekalno-oralno bodisi z okuženo vodo ali hrano. Imunost lahko pridobimo z okužbo ali po cepljenju. Ugotoviti želimo prekuženost krvodajalcev in bolnikov pri nas, saj se vse pogosteje pojavljajo okužbe pri osebah, ki so bivale v endemičnih področjih. Ker je bolezen v starejšem obdobju lahko nevarnejša, je priporočljivo cepljenje oseb brez zaščitnih protiteles. Metode. Testirali smo 734 krvodajalcev (503 moške in 231 žensk) med 18. in 65. letom starosti. Celokupna protitelesa anti-HAV (IgG in IgM) smo določali z encimsko-imunskim testom (EIA) z reagenti HAVAB proizvajalca Abbott na napravi Axsym. Iz računalniskega programa Datec smo zbrali podatke še za bolnike, testirane na našem oddelku v letu 2004 in 2005. Vsi bolniki so bili testirani z isto metodo. Če so bila prisotna protitelesa anti-HAV so bili testirani še na protitelesa anti-HAV IgM z reagenti HAVAB-M, zaradi izključitve akutne okužbe. Rezultati. Ugotovili smo, da je 33,5 % krvodajalcev imelo protitelesa proti virusu hepatitisa A. Med moškimi je bilo pozitivnih 38,4 %, med ženskami pa 22,9 %. Prevalenca protiteles je bila nižja med mlajšo populacijo. Med bolniki, testiranimi v letu 2004-2005, ugotavljamo 57 % oseb s protitelesi in sicer 59 % med ženskami in 56 % med moškimi. Zaključki. Prevalenca prekuženosti z virusom hepatitisa A je v zadnjih desestletjih v Evropi kot tudi pri nas padla. Ugotovili smo 20-odstotno prekuženost med krvodajalci do 35 leta starosti in 15 % med bolniki. Cepljenje oseb, ki potujejo v predele s slabimi higienskimi razmerami, bi bilo priporočljivo, ker je okužba z virusom hepatitisa A v starejšem obdobju nevarnejša in se lahko konča celo s smrtjoTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaSlovensko zdravniško društvo