{"?xml":{"@version":"1.0"},"edm:RDF":{"@xmlns:dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","@xmlns:edm":"http://www.europeana.eu/schemas/edm/","@xmlns:wgs84_pos":"http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos","@xmlns:foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","@xmlns:rdaGr2":"http://rdvocab.info/ElementsGr2","@xmlns:oai":"http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/","@xmlns:owl":"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#","@xmlns:rdf":"http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#","@xmlns:ore":"http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/","@xmlns:skos":"http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#","@xmlns:dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","edm:WebResource":[{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-QQCWVP8B/978f43b1-573e-4ed8-b6af-6a4721da2931/HTML","dcterms:extent":"37 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-QQCWVP8B/e77c5fe1-a15e-4827-9ee3-6d65a8eff97d/PDF","dcterms:extent":"131 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-QQCWVP8B/96732844-4f72-44a1-95cf-110adcec8e9e/TEXT","dcterms:extent":"33 KB"}],"edm:TimeSpan":{"@rdf:about":"1929-2026","edm:begin":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"1929"},"edm:end":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"2026"}},"edm:ProvidedCHO":{"@rdf:about":"URN:NBN:SI:doc-QQCWVP8B","dcterms:isPartOf":[{"@rdf:resource":"https://www.dlib.si/details/urn:nbn:si:spr-a30mfzkp"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Zdravniški vestnik"}],"dcterms:issued":"2001","dc:creator":["Mrhar, Aleš","Pavlišič, Matjaž"],"dc:format":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"številka:10"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"letnik:70"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"str. 547-552"}],"dc:identifier":["COBISSID:1008241","ISSN:1318-0347","URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-QQCWVP8B"],"dc:language":"sl","dc:publisher":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Slovensko zdravniško društvo"},"dc:subject":[{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"drug"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"farmacija"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"farmakokinetika"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"pharmacy"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"protimikrobna zdravila"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"zdravila"}],"dcterms:temporal":{"@rdf:resource":"1929-2026"},"dc:title":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Kako zagotoviti najprimernejše odmerjanje protimikrobnih zdravil| How to assure the most appropriate dosage of antimicrobial drugs|"},"dc:description":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"The final response of a patient to antimicrobial treatment depends on a number of different variables. The use of susceptibility endpoints with respect to antibiotic concentrations achievable in vivo represents the conventional approach to clinical dosing of antimicrobial agents, i.e. by maintaining concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results from animnal and clinical studies have shown that it is not necessary to fulfil this condition. Clinical experience has shown that the success of antimicrobial drugs which inhibit the synthesis of cell wall (betalactams), depends on time when concentrations of drugs exceed MIC< In drugs which inhibit the synthesis of proteins (aminoglycosides), it is more important to achieve as high peak concentration in plasma as possible. Fluorowuinolones inhibit the synthesis of nucleic acids and may show both types of kinetics.Considering the microbiological and pharmacokinetic criteria we can predict which antimicrobial druga and what dosage regimen is the most appropriate. On the basis of the literature data we propesed markers to enhance the predicition of clinical oucomes, e.g. time for which drug plasma concetrations exceeds (MIC) t>MIC, ratio between peak plasma concetration of antimicrobial drug and MIC (Cmax/MIC) and area under the inhibitory curve (AUIC)With proper employment of markers for the prediction of the effect of anantimicrobial drug we contribute to more successful and rational use and, probably, to a slowe development of resistant organisms"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Izhodišča. Uspešnost zdravljenja bolnikov s protimikrobnimi zdravili je odvisna od številnih dejavnikov. Pri klasičnem načinu odmerjanja protimikrobnih zdravil upoštevamo občutljivost povzročiteljev in koncentracijo zdravila in vivo ter predlagamo takšno odmerjanje, da je koncentracija zdravila v plazmi ves čas nad minimalno inhibitorno koncentracijo (MIK). Poskusi na živalih in klinične raziskave so pokazali, da za uspešno zdravljenje ni nujno, da je ta pogoj izpolnjen. Klinične izkušnje so pokazale, da je pri protimikrobnih zdravilih, ki zavirajo sintezo celične stene (betalaktami), uspesnost zdravljenja odvisna od časa, ko je koncentracija zdravila nad minimalno inhibitorno koncentracijo. Pri zdravilih,ki zavirajo sintezo proteinov (aminoglikozidi), pa je bolj pomembno,da je dosežena čim večja koncentracija zdravila v plazmi. Fluorokinoloni, ki zavirajo sintezo nukleinskih kislin, lahko kažejo oba tipa kinetike. Zaključki. Z upoštevanjem mikrobioloških in farmakokinetičnih parametrov lahko predvidimo, katero protimikrobno zdravilo in kakšen ržzim odmerjanja sta najprimernejša za zdravljenje. Na osnovi literature smo predlagali kazalce, s katerimi lahko predvidimo klinični izid zdravljenja, npr. čas, ko koncentracija zdravila v plazmi presega minimalno inhibitorno koncentracijo (t > MIK), razmerje med največjo plazemsko koncentracijo protimikrobnega zdravila in MIK (Cmax/MIK) ter površina pod inhibitorno krivuljo (PPIK). Z izbiro ustreznih orodij za napovedovanje učinka protimikrobnih zdravil prispevamo k njihovi uspesnejši in racionalnejši uporabi, verjetno pa prispevamo tudi k počasnejsemu razvoju na protimikrobna zdravila odpornih mikroorganizmov"}],"edm:type":"TEXT","dc:type":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"znanstveno časopisje"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"journals"},{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q361785"}]},"ore:Aggregation":{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:doc-QQCWVP8B","edm:aggregatedCHO":{"@rdf:resource":"URN:NBN:SI:doc-QQCWVP8B"},"edm:isShownBy":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-QQCWVP8B/e77c5fe1-a15e-4827-9ee3-6d65a8eff97d/PDF"},"edm:rights":{"@rdf:resource":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/"},"edm:provider":"Slovenian National E-content Aggregator","edm:intermediateProvider":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"National and University Library of Slovenia"},"edm:dataProvider":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Slovensko zdravniško društvo"},"edm:object":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/streamdb/URN:NBN:SI:doc-QQCWVP8B/maxi/edm"},"edm:isShownAt":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:doc-QQCWVP8B"}}}}