40 KB842 KB39 KB43 KB847 KB41 KB198920252012Koželj, JanezStefanovska, Jasnaštevilka:1letnik:23str. 16-24, 91-100ISSN:0353-6483COBISSID:2469059URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-RB3XLWHOenslUrbanistični inštitut Republike SlovenijeUrbani izzivpost communismpostsocializemSkopjetransitiontranzicijaurban planningurban transformationsurbane preobrazbeurbanistični razvojurbanistično planiranjeUrbanistično načrtovanje in težave tranzicijskega razvoja v Skopju| the case of Skopje, Macedonia| Urban planning and transitional development issues|Like many cities in neighbouring countries, the Macedonian capital Skopje has undergone radical changes that have affected urban planning processes for over twenty years. Over the past century, during which Skopje's population has grown more than tenfold, social changes have not only affected planning processes but also impacted the built fabric of the city. As a result, the city has been transformed by a diverse set of dynamics. The last twenty years of Skopje's development have been marked by a long and painful transition, a process through which the city has had to adjust to new complexities. The current crisis engulfing the city has led to deterioration in the quality of the built environment and has created fertile ground for speculative developments. It has become clear that urban planning is no longer able to operate as an instrument of control and development with the primary aim of protecting and promoting public interests. This article analyses the planning initiatives both before and after the 1990s, defining the main phases of transformation since the 1990s according to the key legislation, political factors and administrative decisions that have contributed to the urban transformations of the cityMakedonsko glavno mesto je tako kot številna druga mesta v sosednjih državah doživelo radikalne spremembe, ki so v zadnjih dvajsetih letih in že prej vplivale na urbanistične procese. V zadnjem stoletju se je prebivalstvo Skopja povečalo za več kot desetkrat, družbene spremembe v tem obdobju pa niso vplivale samo na načrtovalske procese, temveč tudi na grajeno tkivo mesta. Posledično so mesto preoblikovale najrazličnejše dinamike. V zadnjih dvajsetih letih je razvoj Skopja zaznamoval dolg in boleč prehod - proces, med katerim se je mesto moralo prilagoditi novim kompleksnim razmeram. Kriza, ki je zajela Skopje, je povzročila slabšo kakovost grajenega okolja in ustvarila plodna tla za špekulativno gradnjo. Postalo je jasno, da urbanistično načrtovanje ne more več delovati kot orodje nadzora in razvoja, katerega glavni cilj je varovati in spodbujati javne interese. V članku so analizirane načrtovalske pobude, sprejete pred 90. leti 20. stoletja in pozneje, pri čemer so opredeljene glavne faze preobrazbe od 90. let naprej, in sicer v skladu s ključno zakonodajo, političnimi dejavniki in z upravnimi odločitvami, ki so prispevali k urbani preobrazbi mestaTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUrbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije