202 KB42 KB201320252024Grilc, Peterletnik:50številka:6/7str. 1044-1056ISSN:0353-6521COBISSID_HOST:212123907URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-RLD296D3slLEXPERAPodjetje in deloKonkurenčno pravoOrgani za varstvo konkurence|The article examines the complex role and effectiveness of competition protection authorities (agency/office/commission) which are critical for applying competition theory in practice. While robust theoretical frameworks exist, their successful application depends on skilled institutions, raising issues around the legislative frameworks, agency positioning within the system, and the overall effectiveness of these agencies. Current evaluation methods, like counting the number of cases initiated or concluded, are considered inadequate since they overlook the actual impact of these actions on the economy. Studies and analyses illustrate the limitations of such statistical measures and stresses the need for a deeper understanding of the doctrinal and practical significance of individual cases. The development of competition protection agencies stems from the need to ensure fair market practices and protect consumer interests. These agencies are typically established as independent bodies, granted specific powers to enforce competition laws, conduct investigations, issue penalties, and provide market guidance. However, they face systemic challenges, such as limited jurisdiction, legislative gaps, conflicts of interest, resource constraints, and delays in proceedings. Key systemic problems include globalisation, digital economies, market concentration, technological advancements, evolving business practices, and legal complexities. Effectiveness is measured by the degree of independence from political pressures, clarity of legal frameworks, deterrent effect of enforcement actions, and procedural efficiency. The article concludes that addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach involving robust enforcement, stakeholder engagement, and continuous market monitoringPrispevek obravnava kompleksno vlogo in učinkovitost organov za varstvo konkurence (agencija/urad/komisija), ki so ključni za uporabo teorije konkurence v praksi. Poudarja, da čeprav obstajajo trdni teoretični okviri, je njihova uspešna uporaba odvisna od usposobljenih institucij, pri čemer se pojavljajo vprašanja v zvezi z zakonodajnimi okviri, umestitvijo agencij v sistem in splošno učinkovitostjo teh agencij. Sedanje metode ocenjevanja, kot je štetje števila začetih ali zaključenih zadev, veljajo za neustrezne, saj ne upoštevajo dejanskega vpliva teh ukrepov na gospodarstvo. Študije ponazarjajo omejitve takšnih statističnih ukrepov in poudarjajo potrebo po globljem razumevanju doktrinarnega in praktičnega pomena posameznih primerov. Razvoj organov (agencij/uradov) za varstvo konkurence izhaja iz potrebe po zagotavljanju poštenih tržnih praks in zaščiti interesov potrošnikov. Te agencije so običajno ustanovljene kot neodvisni organi, ki imajo posebna pooblastila za izvrševanje zakonodaje o konkurenci, izvajanje preiskav, izrekanje kazni in zagotavljanje tržnih smernic. Vendar se srečujejo s sistemskimi izzivi, kot so omejena pristojnost, zakonodajne vrzeli, navzkrižja interesov, omejeni viri in zamude v postopkih. Ključni sistemski problemi vključujejo globalizacijo, digitalna gospodarstva, koncentracijo trga, tehnološki napredek, razvoj poslovnih praks in pravno zapletenost. Učinkovitost organov se meri s stopnjo neodvisnosti od političnih pritiskov, jasnostjo pravnih okvirov, odvračilnim učinkom izvršilnih ukrepov in postopkovno učinkovitostjo. Ugotovljeno je, da je za reševanje teh izzivov potreben večplasten pristop, ki vključuje odločno izvrševanje, sodelovanje zainteresiranih strani in stalno spremljanje trgaTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of Slovenia