{"?xml":{"@version":"1.0"},"edm:RDF":{"@xmlns:dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","@xmlns:edm":"http://www.europeana.eu/schemas/edm/","@xmlns:wgs84_pos":"http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos","@xmlns:foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","@xmlns:rdaGr2":"http://rdvocab.info/ElementsGr2","@xmlns:oai":"http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/","@xmlns:owl":"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#","@xmlns:rdf":"http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#","@xmlns:ore":"http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/","@xmlns:skos":"http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#","@xmlns:dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","edm:WebResource":[{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-Z6WIJS1T/ceb744f6-63cb-44f6-892e-4cc3a097a974/HTML","dcterms:extent":"189 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-Z6WIJS1T/f4ec2ddc-8da8-4a05-8d15-64bcfdd99297/PDF","dcterms:extent":"2359 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-Z6WIJS1T/0e41259e-68aa-4f74-80b2-6627e9b10d7d/TEXT","dcterms:extent":"185 KB"}],"edm:TimeSpan":{"@rdf:about":"2006-2020","edm:begin":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"2006"},"edm:end":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"2020"}},"edm:ProvidedCHO":{"@rdf:about":"URN:NBN:SI:doc-Z6WIJS1T","dcterms:isPartOf":[{"@rdf:resource":"https://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:spr-QGFSTTZH"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Šolsko polje"}],"dcterms:issued":"2010","dc:creator":"Vinkler, Jonatan","dc:format":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"letnik:21"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"številka:5/6"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"str. 27-97"}],"dc:identifier":["ISSN:1581-6036","COBISSID:2164823","URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-Z6WIJS1T"],"dc:language":"sl","dc:publisher":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Slovensko društvo raziskovalcev šolskega polja"},"dc:subject":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"etatizem"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"febronianizem"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"Habsburg Monarchy"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Habsburška monarhija"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"jožefinske verske reforme"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"kameralistika"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"toleranca"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"Tolerance"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Tolerančni patent (1781)"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"verska toleranca"},{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q225444"}],"dcterms:temporal":{"@rdf:resource":"2006-2020"},"dc:title":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"\"Medkulturni dialog\" Evropske komisije kot nova verska toleranca in patent Jožefa II., imenovan \"tolerančni\" (1781)|"},"dc:description":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"With the Patent of Toleration (1781), the absolutist Emperor Joseph II of Austria granted freedom of worship to Lutherans, Calvinists and members of the Greek Orthodox church living in the territory of the Habsburg monarchy, and later also to the Jews. This edict should be considered within the context of the Josephine reforms of the system of government, particularly in the light of the Emperor's efforts to modernise the Monarchy and make it economically competitive with other key powers on the European continent - especially France and Prussia. The Patent of Toleration thus fits in the broader context of Joseph's religious reforms which were driven by the Emperor's own political agendas. Th e resonance of these reforms should not beviewed in isolation from the interests of the state Church, which had been trying to consolidate its position in the Habsburg monarchy since the 16th century. Nor should one dismiss the role of Gallicanism, Febronianism or for that matter the signifi cance of the Enlightenment philosophical discussions on the nature of the state as an organisation and seat of authority. Within this latter purview falls also the rising infl uence of the cameralistic approach to state administration. Th e Patent of Toleration revoked the measures taken by the secular authority against non-Catholics between the end of the 16th and the fi rst decades of the 17th century. At the time these measures had been adopted to boost the political self-assertion of the Catholic Church: the Catholic Reformation movement was followed by the Counter-Reformation, which eventually led to the re-catholicisation of the lands under the Habsburg rule. Th e religious Roman-Catholic unifi cation of the larger part of the Habsburg monarchy (all the Cisleithan lands; under the Turkish occupation the Counter-Reformation measures did not reach very far into the Hungarian part of the empire) resulted in the changes in the culturalmilieus of individual crownlands and kingdoms (e.g. the Kingdom of Bohemia). Most significantly, it led to the economic weakening of the Habsburg monarchy due to religious emigration ,the result of which was a new demographic stratification of the Habsburg empire. The economic aspect of religious tolerance was also a key reason for Joseph II to issue the Patent of Toleration. And it is precisely this reason that has its contemporary echo today, as witnessed in the importance attached to the economic component behind various bureaucratically constructed European Commission projects such as \"intercultural dialogue\". This paper, which is based on historiographic resources and literature, includes the fi rst complete Slovene translation of the Patent of Toleration and a facsimile of its German original"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"S Tolerančnim patentom (1781) je absolutistični cesar Jožef II. podelil versko toleranco evangeličanom, kalvincem in neunijatskim vernikom vzhod ne cerkve, ki so prebivali na področju Habsburške monarhije, za njimi pa tudi pripadnikom židovske vere. Vladarjev ukrep velja tehtati znotraj referenčnega okvira Jožefovih reform državne ureditve, zlasti ob vladarjevem prizadevanju, da bi Habsburško monarhijo moderniziral in naredil ekonomsko konkurenčno ostalim ključnim silam na evropskem kontinentu - zlasti Franciji in Prusiji. Tolerančni patent se umešča v širši kontekst vladarjevih verskih reform, kjer je treba ob monarhovih osebnih političnih težnjah upoštevati tudi tradicijo državnega cerkvenstva, ki se v Habsburški monarhiji utrdi od 16. stoletja naprej, ter verjetne odmeve galikanizma, febronianizma, razsvetljenskih filozofskih razprav o naravi države kot združbe in premislekov o suverenosti/oblasti, predvsem pa kot odmeve kameralistične državnoupravne znanosti. Tolerančni patent pomeni formalni preklic ukrepov, ki jih je posvetna oblast ob koncu 16. in v prvih desetletjih 17. stoletja proti nekatoličanom uvedla v sklopu politične uveljavitve katoliške reformacije, protireformacije in rekatolizacije v deželah pod habsburškim žezlom. Posledice rimskokatoliške verske unifikacije pretežnega dela Habsburške monarhije (vse cislajtanske dežele; na Ogrskem pod turško zasedbo ukrepi protireformacije niso imeli splošnejšega dometa) so bile spremembe kulturnega miljeja posameznih kronovin in kraljestev (npr. Češkega kraljestva), predvsem pa ekonomska ošibitev Habsburške monarhije, ki je bila posledica verske emigracije in posledične demografske restratifikacije. Ekonomski vidik verske tolerance je bil tudi eden ključnih razlogov za odločitev Jožefa II., da izda Tolerančni patent, zdi pa se, da je ekonomska komponenta tudi tudi poglavitno gonilo različnih sodobnih, birokratsko skonstruiranih projektov Evropske komisije, npr. t. i. medkulturnega dialoga . Razprava, ki je uravnoteženo napisana na podlagi virov in historiografske literature, vsebuje prvi celovit slovenski prevod Tolerančnega patenta in faksimile njegovega nemškega izvirnika"}],"edm:type":"TEXT","dc:type":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"znanstveno časopisje"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"journals"},{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q361785"}]},"ore:Aggregation":{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:doc-Z6WIJS1T","edm:aggregatedCHO":{"@rdf:resource":"URN:NBN:SI:doc-Z6WIJS1T"},"edm:isShownBy":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-Z6WIJS1T/f4ec2ddc-8da8-4a05-8d15-64bcfdd99297/PDF"},"edm:rights":{"@rdf:resource":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"},"edm:provider":"Slovenian National E-content Aggregator","edm:intermediateProvider":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"National and University Library of Slovenia"},"edm:dataProvider":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Slovensko društvo raziskovalcev šolskega polja"},"edm:object":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/streamdb/URN:NBN:SI:doc-Z6WIJS1T/maxi/edm"},"edm:isShownAt":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:doc-Z6WIJS1T"}}}}