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Microbial communities that inhabit a particular environment, an ecological niche, are defined as microbiome. With the help of the oestrobolome, i.e., bacterial genes that can metabolize conjugated oestrogens, the gut microbiome can regulate oestrogen levels in the systemic ciculation. Oestrogens and other steroid hormones play an important role in regulating the composition and function of microorganisms that colonize the female reproductive tract. The dominance of Lactobacillus genus in the female reproductive tract is consistently associated with favourable reproductive and perinatological outcomes. Disturbances of both microbiomes and dysregulation of oestrobolome can lead to the development of chronic inflammatory (endometriosis) as well as malignant gynaecological diseases (endometrial cancer)"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Mikroorganizmi v prebavilih imajo glede na izsledke nedavnih raziskav vlogo pri uravnavanju fizioloških presnovnih procesov, energijskega ravnovesja, imunskega odgovora in ohranjanju celovitosti črevesnega epitela. Združbe mikroorganizmov, ki naseljujejo neko okolje oziroma ekološko nišo, imenujemo mikrobiom. S pomočjo estroboloma – bakterijskih genov, ki imajo sposobnost metaboliziranja konjugiranih estrogenov, ima mikrobiom črevesja zmožnost uravnavati ravni estrogenov v sistemskem krvnem obtoku. Estrogeni in drugi steroidni hormoni imajo pomembno vlogo pri uravnavanju sestave in funkcije mikroorganizmov, ki kolonizirajo rodila. Dosedanjim raziskavam je skupna ugotovitev, da je prevlada laktobacilov v ženskih rodilih povezana z ugodnim reproduktivnim in perinatološkim izidom. 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