Anali za istrske in mediteranske študije Annaii di Studi istriani e mediterranei Annais for Istrian and Mediterranean Studies UDK 5 Annales, Ser. hist. nat., 26, 2016, 1, pp. 1-130, Koper 2016 ISSN1408-533X UDK 5 ISSN 1408-533X AnnaleS Anali za istrske in mediteranske študije Annali di Studi istriani e mediterranei Annals for Istrian and Mediterranean Studies Series historia naturalis, 26, 2016, 1 KOPER 2016 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Anali za istrske in mediteranske študije - Annali di Studi istriani e mediterranei - Annals for Istrian and Mediterranean Studies ISSN 1408-533X UDK 5 Letnik 26, leto 2016, številka 1 UREDNIŠKI ODBOR/ COMITATO DI REDAZIONE/ BOARD OF EDITORS: Glavni urednik/Redattore capo/ Editor in chief: Odgovorni urednik naravoslovja/ Redattore responsabile per le scienze naturali/Natural Science Editor: Urednica/ Redattrice/Editor: Lektor/Supervisione/Language editor: Prevajalci/Traduttori/Translators: Oblikovalec/Progetto grafico/ Graphic design: Prelom/Composizione/Typesetting: Tisk/ Stampa/Print: Izdajatelj/Editore/Published by: Za izdajatelja/Per Editore/ Publisher represented by: Sedež uredništva/Sede della redazione/ Address of Editorial Board: Dunja Bandelj Mavsar, Nicola Bettoso (IT), Christian Capape (F), Darko Darovec, Dušan Devetak, Jakov Dulčic (HR), Serena Fonda Umani (IT), Andrej Gogala, Daniel Golani (IL), Mitja Kaligarič, Gregor Kovačič, Marcelo Kovačič (HR), Andrej Kranjc, Lovrenc Lipej, Alenka Malej, Patricija Mozetič, Martina Orlando - Bonaca, Michael Stachowitsch (A), Tom Turk, Elena Varljen Bužan Darko Darovec Lovrenc Lipej Martina Orlando Bonaca Polona Šergon (sl.), Petra Berlot (angl.) Martina Orlando-Bonaca (sl./it.) Dušan Podgornik, Lovrenc Lipej Gratis trade d.o.o. Gratis trade d.o.o. Zgodovinsko društvo za južno Primorsko - Koper /Societa storica del Litorale - Capodistria© Salvator Žitko Nacionalni inštitut za biologijo, Morska biološka postaja Piran / Istituto nazionale di biologia, Stazione di biologia marina di Pirano / National Institute of Biology, Marine Biology Station Piran SI-6330 Piran /Pirano, Fornače/Fornace 41, tel.: +386 5 671 2900, fax 671 2901; e-mail: annales@mbss.org, internet: www.zdjp.si Redakcija te številke je bila zaključena 25. 6. 2016. Sofinancirajo/Supporto finanziario/ Javna agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije Financially supported by: (ARRS) Annales - series historia naturalis izhaja dvakrat letno. Naklada/Tiratura/Circulation: 300 izvodov/copie/copies Revija Annales series historia naturalis je vključena v naslednje podatkovne baze: BIOSIS-Zoological Record (UK); Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA); Elsevier B.V.: SCOPUS (NL). ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Anali za istrske in mediteranske študije - Annali di Studi istriani e mediterranei - Annals for Istrian and Mediterranean Studies UDK 5 Letnik 26, Koper 2016, številka 1 ISSN 1408-533X VSEBINA / INDICE GENERALE / CONTENTS RECENTNE SPREMEMBE V SREDOZEMSKI BIODIVERZITETI CAMBIAMENTI RECENTI NELLA BIODIVERSITA MEDITERRANEA RECENT CHANGES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN BIODIVERSITY Claudio BATTELLI Disappearance of Fucus virsoides J. Agardh from the Slovenian coast (Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic) ................................................ 1 Izginotje bračiča (Fucus virsoides J. Agardh) iz obale Slovenije (Tržaški zaliv, severni Jadran) Khadija OUNIFI-BEN AMOR, Mohamed Mourad BEN AMOR, Jamila BEN SOUISSI & Christian CAPAPČ Unusual records of tripletail Lobotes surinamensis (Osteichthyes: Lobotidae) from the Tunis Southern Lagoon (north-eastern Tunisia, central Mediterranean Sea) ................................... 13 Neobičajen zapis o pojavljanju vrste Lobotes surinamensis (Osteichthyes: Lobotidae) iz Tuniške južne lagune (severovzhodna Tunizija, osrednje Sredozemsko morje) Mauro CAVALLARO, Gabriele MARINO & Giovanni AMMENDOLIA First record of a Lessepsian migrant, the dusky spinefoot, Siganus luridus (Ruppell, 1829) in the Strait of Messina (Central Mediterranean Sea)................................. 19 Prvi zapis o pojavljanju morskega kunca, Siganus luridus (Ruppell, 1829), lesepske selivke v messinski ožini (osrednje Sredozemsko morje) Okan AKYOL & Ali ULA§ The second record of Lessepsian migrant Etrumeus golanii from the north-eastern Aegean Sea (Izmir Bay, Turkey)............................. 25 Drugi zapis o pojavljanju lesepske selivke vrste Etrumeus golanii iz severnovzhodnega Egejskega morja (Izmirski zaliv, Turčija) IHTIOLOGIJA ITTIOLOGIA ICHTHYOLOGY Sezginer TUNDER & Hakan KABASAKAL Capture of a juvenile shortfin mako shark, Isurus oxyrinchus Rafininesque, 1810 (Chondrichthyes: Lamnidae) in the Bay of Edremit, northern Aegean Sea (Turkey) ............. 31 Zapis o ulovu mladega primerka morskega psa maka, Isurus oxyrinchus Rafininesque, 1810 (Chondrichthyes: Lamnidae) iz zaliva Edremit, severno Egejsko morje (Turčija) Željana DODO, Nenad ANTOLOVIC & Jakov DULČIC New record of white grouper Epinenephelus aeneus (Osteichthyes: Serranidae) in Croatian Adriatic waters..................................................... 37 Novi zapis o pojavljanju bele kirnje, Epinenephelus aeneus (Osteichthyes: Serranidae), v hrvaških jadranskih vodah Marco BERTOLI, Chiara MANFRIN, Lucrezia C. BONZI, Elisabetta PIZZUL & Alberto PALLAVICINI First taxonomical analyses of pike populations (Esocidae, Esox) in Friuli Venezia Giulia (Northeast Italy) ................................................... 41 Prva taksonomska analiza populacij ščuke (Esocidae, Esox) v Furlaniji Julijski krajini (severovzhodna Italija) FAVNA FAUNA FAUNA Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR, Mohamed Mourad BEN AMOR & Jamila BEN SOUISSI Annotated list of crustacean species recorded in the Tunis Southern Lagoon (northern Tunisia, central Mediterranean)......................................... 55 Dopolnjen seznam vrst rakov iz Tuniške južne lagune (severna Tunizija, osrednji Mediteran) ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neža GREGORIČ & Andrej SOVINC Changes in bird species composition and abundance in Dragonja Valley (SW Slovenia)............................................. Spremembe v sestavi in številčnosti ptičjih vrst v dolini reke Dragonje (JZ Slovenija) SREDOZEMSKE KUKAVIČEVKE ORCHIDEE MEDITERRANEE MEDITERRANEAN ORCHIDS Amelio PEZZETTA Le Orchidaceae della Provincia dell'Aquila Kukavičevke pokrajine LAquila Igor PAUŠIČ, Žan CENC, Branko BAKAN Ophrys illyrica S.Hertel & K.Hertel (Orchidaceae), a new species in the Slovenian flora................................ Ophrys illyrica S.Hertel & K.Hertel (Orchidaceae), nova vrsta v flori Slovenije Žan CENC & Igor PAUŠIČ Prispevek k poznavanju razširjenosti metuljaste kukavice Anacamptis papilionacea 71 (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase, 1997 (Orchidaceae) na severni meji areala vrste........... 113 Contribution to the knowledge of the distribution of Butterfly orchid Anacamptis papilionacea (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase, 1997 (Orchidaceae) at the northern border of the species' distribution IN MEMORIAM In memory of Francesco Maria Tamberlich (1965-2016) ................................................................................................................121 (Nicola Bettoso & Alessandro Aquavita) Navodila avtorjem................................................................................................123 105 Istruzioni per gli autori....................................................................................125 Instruction to authors........................................................................................127 Kazalo k slikam na ovitku..........................................................................130 Index to images on the cover................................................................130 RECENTNE SPREMEMBE V SREDOZEMSKI BIODIVERZITETI CAMBIAMENTI RECENTI NELLA BIODIVERSITÁ MEDITERRANEA RECENT CHANGES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN BIODIVERSITY ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Original scientific article DOI 10.19233/ASHN.2016.1 Received: 2016-03-16 DISAPPEARANCE OF FUCUS VIRSOIDES J. AGARDH FROM THE SLOVENIAN COAST (GULF OF TRIESTE, NORTHERN ADRIATIC) Claudio BATTELLI Ulica Sergeja Masere 5, SI 6000 Koper, Slovenia e-mail: claudio_battelli@t-2.net ABSTRACT At the end of 2010, a significant decline in populations of Fucus virsoides was observed in the Slovenian coast (Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic), which prompted the undertaking of a direct observation assessment of changes in the occurrence of these populations along the Slovenian coast over the period 2010-2015. The paper presents a comparison between historical and current data on the presence of F. virsoides along the Slovenian coast, gathered through in situ surveys and from literature, and proposes the possible causes that have led to the decline and disappearance of F. virsoides populations along the Slovenian coastline. Key words: Fucus virsoides, occurrence, disappearance, Slovenian coast, northern Adriatic SCOMPARSA DI FUCUS VIRSOIDES J. AGARDH DALLA COSTA SLOVENA (GOLFO DI TRIESTE, ALTO ADRIATICO) SINTESI Un importante declino dei popolamenti a Fucus virsoides e stato osservato verso la fine del 2010 lungo la costa della Slovenia (Golfo di Trieste, Alto Adriatico). Nella nota vengono riportati i risultati di uno studio sulla distribuzio-ne di F. virsoides lungo la costa della Slovenia nelperiodo 2010-2015, attraverso !'osservazione diretta. Si mettono inoltre a confronto i dati storici con quelli attuali sulla presenza di F. virsoides in quest'area attraverso uno studio in situ e su fonti bibliografiche. Vengono avanzate delle ipotesi sulle possibili cause che hanno portato al rapido declino e alla successiva scomparsa di questa specie lungo la costa della Slovenia. Parole chiave: Fucus virsoides, presenza, scomparsa, costa della Slovenia, Alto Adriatico 1 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Claudio BATTELLI: DISAPPEARANCE OF FUCUS VIRSOIDES J. AGARDH FROM THE SLOVENIAN COAST (GULF OF TRIESTE, NORTHERN ADRIATIC), 1-12 INTRODUCTION The brown alga Fucus virsoides J. Agardh is the only species of the genus Fucus that occurs in the Adriatic Sea (Ardissone, 1886; Schiffner & Vatova, 1938; Linardic, 1949; Pignatti, 1962; Giaccone & Pignatti, 1967; Munda, 1972). In the past, it was the only brown alga and the most conspicuous canopy-forming macro-phyte to be found along the Slovenian coast, patchily distributed on the hard substrates of its midlittoral zone (Vukovič, 1980, 1982; Munda, 1993a; Battelli, 2002; Lipej et al., 2004; Rindi & Battelli, 2005; Battelli, 2013; Orlando-Bonaca et al. 2013). F. virsoides has been recorded along the Adriatic shores from Venice in Italy to Albania (e.g., Linardic, 1949; Kashta, 1995/96; Mačic, 2006). It is not clear which factors limit its occurrence. In addition to geomorphological characteristics, the key limiting factors are probably high salinity and high average annual temperatures (Vouk, 1938; Linardic, 1949). In recent years, particular attention has been paid to climate-related variables (Boero & Bonsdorff, 2007; Boero et al. 2008; Munda, 2008). In studies carried out to date, the distribution pattern and abundance of F. virsoides have been related to substratum configuration, exposure to winds, wave direction (Lipizer et al., 1995; Orlando-Bonaca et al., 2013), low salinity of sea water (Vouk, 1938; Linardic, 1949; Giaccone & Pignatti, 1967; Munda, 1972), low concentration of pollutants (Vukovič, 1980, 1982; Munda & Kremer, 1977; Kremer & Munda, 1982; Munda, 1972, 1981, 1982, 1991, 1993a, 1993b), and type of substratum (Vukovič, 1982; Battelli, 2002; Rindi & Battelli, 2005; Battelli, 2013). Several authors revealed the midlittoral zone to be an extremely variable environment, characterized by periodic fluctuations of several ecophysiological parameters during the tidal cycles, such as light, temperature, hydrodynamics and grazing (Pignatti, 1962; Giaccone & Pignatti, 1967; Munda, 1972; Battelli, 2013). The impact of anthropogenic disturbance on the structure, dynamics and composition of the macroalgal midlittoral assemblages of northern Adriatic was highlighted by several authors (Lipizer et al., 1995; Vukovič, 1980, 1982; Munda, 1993a, 1993b, 2000; Battelli, 2002; Rindi & Battelli, 2005; Lipej et al., 2004, 2006; Falace et al., 2010; Orlando-Bonaca et al., 2013). The use of historical data in marine ecology provides a valid instrument for detecting and understanding recent changes that may occur in marine ecosystems particularly due to human activities (Jackson et al., 2001). This approach is also important for designing appropriate policies for habitat management and conservation, so that the changes can be assessed through long-term analysis (e.g. Falace et al., 2010). A significant decline in the abundance of populations of this species was observed at the end of autumn 2010 along the entire Slovenian coast (Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic). This appears to be the largest decline event ever recorded in the midlittoral assemblages of this area. To date, no explanation has been proposed about the cause(s) of this event. In order to illustrate the decline of F. virsoides populations along the Slovenian coast, their historical distribution was compared to recent field observations. The aims of this study were: (a) to summarize the distribution of F. virsoides along the Slovenian coast based on literature information, and (b) to document the state of the populations of the species in this area during the period 2010-2015. Based on the current distribution, the possible causes of and the factors responsible for the observed disappearance of F. virsoides populations are proposed. MATERIAL AND METHODS Study area The Slovenian coast is located in the southern part of the Gulf of Trieste and extends for approximately 46 km from Sv. Jernej's Bay (the cape Debeli rtic - the north side of the Koper Bay) to the Dragonja River (Piran Bay - near the Croatian border). Most of the shore is influenced by dominant winds blowing from North-NorthEast and from South-East. The sea surface temperature generally ranges between a minimum of 7 °C in February and a maximum of 28 °C in August; the salinity from 28 in spring and summer to 36-37 in winter. The vertical extent of the midlittoral zone (between Mean Higher High Water and Mean Lower Low Water) is approximately 90 cm (ARSO, 2015). The Slovenian coastal area is characterized by its two main bays: Koper Bay and Piran Bay. The rocky substrate consists mainly of Eocene flysch layers, with alternating solid sandstone and soft marl (Ogorelec et al., 1997); in the area of Izola (San Simon), the coast is formed of Alveoline-nummu-litic limestone (Pavlovec, 1985). The morphology of the coastline varies from steep flysch cliffs to sloping beaches mainly composed of allochthonous substrata made of sandstone and marl gravel, and pebbles of different size. In the recent decades, the Slovenian coastal area has been subjected to many anthropogenic influences such as farming, mariculture, urbanization and large-scale tourism-related activities, with the result that nowadays only about 18% of the shore can be considered in its natural state (Turk et al., 2007). Historical information about the presence of Fucus virsoides Long-term changes of the F. virsoides populations along the Slovenian coast were analysed and a comparison was made between historical data on the occurrence of these communities in the past and in the period 2010-2015. Only the collectors who gathered samples of F. virsoides from the Slovenian coast were cited. The first record dates back to 1856 - Pius Titius (1801-1884) 2 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Claudio BATTELLI: DISAPPEARANCE OF FUCUS VIRSOIDES J. AGARDH FROM THE SLOVENIAN COAST (GULF OF TRIESTE, NORTHERN ADRIATIC), 1-12 collected the species along the coast of Piran under the name Fucus sherardi (specimens held in the Herbarium of the Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Ljubljana) (Alberti & Battelli, 2002). Giuseppe Accurti (18241907), in 1858, first mentioned the presence of this alga along the shores of Koper Bay. In 1858, he published the article "Cenno sulle alghe di Capodistria", in which he described in detail 195 species of algae collected in Koper Bay. Another important collector of marine organisms of this period was Antonio Zaratin (1846-1923). His herbarium contains nine samples of F. virsoides: two of them, collected in Koper Bay (one in September 1886 and the other in March 1910) and reported as F. vesicu-losus Ag., are part of, respectively, the "Herbarium Pata-vinum" collection of the Botanical Museum of Padua, and the "Flora marina Iustinopolitana" collection of the Gian Rinaldo Carli Gymnasium, Koper. Five samples of F. virsoides were collected in Koper Bay as F. Scherardi Ag. in May 1886, September 1886, October 1909, January 1910 and May 1910, and they are all preserved in the above-mentioned "Flora marina Iustinopolitana". The oldest voucher samples of the Zaratin collection were collected in Piran Bay in August 1885 as F. Sherardi Ag., and are currently conserved at the Ruder Boskovic Institute Centar za istrazivanje mora, Rovinj - Centre for Marine Research, Rovinj (Croatia) (Battelli & Alberti, 2003). Historical information about the distribution of F. virsoides populations The past distribution of F. virsoides on the Slovenian coast was assessed using data obtained from a variety of sources, including all available published literature dealing with the presence of F. virsoides on the Slovenian coast (Accurti, 1858; Stirn, 1965; Matjasic & Stirn, 1975; Chiesa & Lorenzoni, 1980; Vukovic, 1980, 1982; Munda, 1991, 1993a, 1993b; Battelli, 1999, 2002; Alberti & Battelli, 2002; Battelli & Alberti, 2003; Lipej et al., 2004; Orlando-Bonaca et al., 2013). The first map of the distribution of F. virsoides along the Slovenian coast was drawn by Stirn (1965). Among subsequent publications, some presented detailed maps of the area in its totality (Lipej et al., 2004; Orlando-Bonaca et al., 2013), others only in parts (Piran Bay by Vukovic, 1980, and Koper Bay by Vukovic, 1982). Environmental parameters Data of several physical and chemical parameters of the sea surface, provided by the Environment Agency of the Republic of Slovenia (ARSO), were analysed. The selected parameters included: temperature (°C), salinity, nitrites (|jmol NO2/l), nitrates (|jmol NO3/l), ammonia (|jmol NH4), orthophosphates (jmol PO4/l), total nitrogen (jmol N/l) and silicate (jimol SiO2/l). The monthly means of these data were grouped into seasonal means for the period 2005-2014. The latter period was divid- ed into two main periods, 2005-2010 and 2011-2014, since the onset of the decline of F. virsoides populations was observed in late 2010. Field work: observations in the period 2010-2015 The distribution of F. virsoides on the Slovenian coast in the years 2010-2015 was assessed through year-round field observation, grouping the data by season (i.e. winter comprised the data for January, February and March; spring comprised the data for April, May and June; summer comprised the data for July, August and September; autumn comprised the data for October, November and December). We inspected the whole Slovenian coastline at selected sites, as shown in Table 1, from Sv. Jernej's Bay (the cape Debeli rtič) to the Dragonja River (near the Croatian border), paying special attention to the sites sampled by previous researchers. The occurrence of F. virsoides was assessed visually along the coast during low tide, as the latter provides the best conditions for direct observations. For this purpose, the semi-quantitative categories for the abundance of macroalgae, based on the work of Ballesteros et al. (2007) and tested by Orlando-Bonaca et al., (2013), were used: F1= rare to scattered thalli, F2 = abundant patches, F3 = a continuous or almost continuous belt. The vertical extent of the midlittoral surveyed zone was approximately 1 m and included sandstone and limestone boulders that are not moved by most waves, breakwaters composed of limestone, and sandstone boulders. Excluded from the survey were river mouths, inner parts of commercial harbours, sites to which access was forbidden (such as marinas, hotel beaches, etc.), areas composed of marl, and mobile substrates such as sand, mud, or pebbles, which are mobile in wave conditions, as they are all unsuitable for the development of F. virsoides. Sampling of Patella caerulea During the period 2010-2015, an increase in the number of the main grazers of the midlittoral zone, P caerulea, was observed (pers. obs.). Therefore, throughout April 2015, the density of P. caerulea in the rocky midlittoral zone was assessed in 20 sites distributed along the Slovenian coast (from Sv. Jernej's Bay - the cape Debeli rtič to the Sečovlje saltpans). The study examined the same sites as the previous researchers who studied the occurrence of F. virsoides populations. In order to estimate the density of P. caerulea, the individuals were counted in five randomly chosen 400 cm2 (20 x 20 cm) quadrats at each selected site. Data analyses To evaluate the differences between seasonal mean values of physical and chemical parameters of the sea 3 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Claudio BATTELLI: DISAPPEARANCE OF FUCUS VIRSOIDES J. AGARDH FROM THE SLOVENIAN COAST (GULF OF TRIESTE, NORTHERN ADRIATIC), 1-12 n » 45 40 i % i *Q50 were condensed together. The sequences reported in Table 2 by Lucentini et al. (2011) were used as a reference dataset. RESULTS Phenotypic analysis Color pattern of the 51 captured pikes belonged to four types of those described by Lucentini et al. (2010b): diagonal bars, vertical bars, stellate spots and round spots were taken into account (Fig. 2). The diagonal bar pat- 44 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Marco BERTOLI et al: FIRST TAXONOMICAL ANALYSES OF PIKE POPULATIONS (ESOCIDAE, ESOX) IN FRIULI ..., 41-52 Tab. 2: Sets of primers used in this study (Lucentini et al., 2011). Tab. 2: Nizi začetnih oligonukleotidov uporabljenih v raziskavi (Lucentini et al., 2011). Primer ID 5'-3' sequence F-COI-El GTGGCAATCACACGCTG R-COI-El CGGGTGTCCGAAGAATC cytbf TCGGACTCTACCAAAACCAA cytbr GTTCAACGGGTATTCCTCCA 9FW CAGTTGTAAGGCCCAGGAAG 9RV GGAAATACGTTGTGGAACTGC 24extFW GATCTCTGGACCATTTGGAC 24extRV TGGCTACATGCGACATCAG Fig. 2: Colored patterns collection from adult pikes analyzed in this study. B, R, S, L, C and T represent different sampling sites: B - Roggia Barbariga; R - Roggia Ribosa; S - Springs of the Stella River; L - Roggia Levada; C - Fish Ponds of Campeglio; T - Tiel ditch. Sl. 2: Zbirka barvnih vzorcev odraslih ščuk, ki smo jih analizirali v pričujoči raziskavi. B, R, S, L, C in T so različne vzorčevalne lokalitete: B - Roggia Barbariga; R -Roggia Ribosa; S - izviri reke Stelle; L - Roggia Levada; C - ribniki Campeglio; T - lokaliteta Tiel. tern was the most frequent (88% of collected specimens) and it was observed in all fish captured in the Cormor basin (site/samples L) and in the Corno-Stella basin (sites/ samples B, R, S). Round spot pattern was found only in the samples collected from the Campeglio Lakes (site/ samples C) and it was observed for each fish; the only specimen analyzed from the Tiel ditch (site/sample T) was stellate spotted. In agreement with color pattern reported by Bianco and Delmastro (2011), Lucentini et al. (2011) and Bianco (2014a, 2014b), two groups were identified: the first showing the southern pike color patterns (sites/ samples B, R, S, and T) and the second showing the northern pike color pattern (site C) (Fig. 2). Concerning the meristic characters (Tab. 3), the number of lateral-line scales (LL) ranged from 95 to 107 in the first group, and from 109 to 115 in the second group. Regarding other meristic characters (number of undivided dorsal fin rays: UDFR; number of divided dorsal fin rays: DDFR; number of undivided anal fin rays: UAFR; number of divided anal fin rays: DAFR; and number of submandibular pores: PM), observed ranges always seem to overlap. Analysis of the two AFLP-derived markers The molecular analyses were conducted by using two AFLP-derived markers, hereafter named "band 9" and "band 24" (Lucentini et al., 2011). However, only "band 24" was amplified from our samples, and the resulting PCR amplicon has been sequenced, confirming the presence of the reported C/G polymorphism (C in round spotted color-pattern specimens and G in the other color-pattern phenotypes). Phylogenetic analysis Fragments of Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) and Cytochrome b (Cytb) mitochondrial genes were sequenced to assign our samples to one of the two species of pike, accordingly to Lucentini et al. (2011). Phylogenetic trees for COI (Fig. 3) and Cytb (Fig. 4) were obtained by applying the Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano model (Hasegawa et al., 1985) plus Gamma distribution. In both trees, two groups, corresponding to the E. cisalpinus and E. lucius clades, were well defined and separated from the other Esox spp. The three specimens, characterized by the round-spotted colored pattern (namely, C1, C2, and C3), clustered within the E. lucius clade, whereas the stellate spot pattern specimen (T1) and all the other pikes characterized by vertical and diagonal bars grouped within E. cisalpinus clade. DISCUSSION Recent studies pointed out the existence of two pike lineages, the first one corresponding to the northern pike 45 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Marco BERTOLI et al: FIRST TAXONOMICAL ANALYSES OF PIKE POPULATIONS (ESOCIDAE, ESOX) IN FRIULI ..., 41-52 Fig. 3: Bootstrap consensus of the COI gene tree. All the branches that were not supported at the default cutoff value of bootstrap confidence level >50 were condensed together. Light grey groups the Esox lucius clade, whereas dark grey clusters E. cisalpinus specimens. Specimens are listed with their GenBank IDs and, for pikes sampled in this study, by the site names as in Fig. 1. Outgroups of the two clades are: Esox niger (EU524612), Esox americanus americanus (EU524577), Esox americanus vermiculatus (EU524573), Esox masquinongy (EU524602), and Esox mas-quinongy (EU524598). Sl. 3: Filogenetsko drevo na osnovi gena za COI. Statistične podpore drevesa so določene z neparametričnim testom ponovnega vzorčenja. Vse razvejitve pod mejo zaupanja >50 so bile združene. S svetlo sivo barvo so označene skupine iz klada navadne ščuke Esox lucius, s temno sivo pa primerki vrste E. cisalpinus. Primerki so razvrščeni skupaj z njihovimi GenBank IDs in pri ščukah, vzorčevanih v tej študiji na podlagi lokalitet tako kot na sliki 1. Izdanki obeh kladov so: Esox niger (EU524612), Esox americanus americanus (EU524577), Esox americanus vermiculatus (EU524573), Esox masquinongy (EU524602) in Esox masquinongy (EU524598). 46 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Marco BERTOLI et al: FIRST TAXONOMICAL ANALYSES OF PIKE POPULATIONS (ESOCIDAE, ESOX) IN FRIULI ..., 41-52 Tab. 3: Mean, median, minimum, maximum, and [%] Coefficient of Variation calculated for each meristic parameter relative to the different monitored basins. Corno-Stella basin= sites B, R and S; Cormor basin=site L; Campeglio Fish Ponds= site C; Tiel basin= site T. Tab. 3: Srednja, mediana, minimalna, maksimalna vrednost in delež [%] vrednosti koeficienta variacije, izračunane za vsak biometrični parameter v preiskanih vodnih telesih. Legenda: bazen Corno-Stella = lokalitete B, R in S; bazen Cormor = lokaliteta L; ribniki Campeglio = lokaliteta C; bazen Tiel = lokaliteta T. Basin N LL UDFR DDFR UAFR DAFR PM Mean 99.17 5.06 13.37 3.97 12.46 4.03 Median 99.00 5.00 13.00 4.00 13.00 4.00 Corno-Stella 35 Min 95.00 5.00 11.00 3.00 11.00 4.00 Max 107.00 6.00 15.00 4.00 14.00 5.00 CV % 2.58 4.66 7.71 4.26 7.63 4.20 Mean 99.92 5.00 13.75 4.00 12.75 4.08 Median 99.50 5.00 13..50 4.00 13.00 4.00 Cormor 12 Min 95.00 5.00 11.00 4.00 10.00 4.00 Max 106.00 5.00 15.00 4.00 13.00 5.00 CV % 3.00 0.00 9.37 0.00 6.79 7.07 Mean 112.33 5.00 14.33 4.00 13.00 4.33 Median 113.00 5.00 13.00 4.00 13.00 4.00 Campeglio Fish Ponds 3 Min 109.00 5.00 13.00 4.00 13.00 4.00 Max 115.00 5.00 17.00 4.00 13.00 5.00 CV % 2.72 0.00 16.11 0.00 0.00 13.32 Mean 105.00 5.00 13.00 4.00 13.00 5.00 Median - - - - - - Tiel 1 Min - - - - - - Max - - - - - - CV % - - - - - - (E. lucius), widely distributed in the Palearctic region, and the second lineage of southern pike, naturally occurring in Italy (Bianco & Delmastro, 2011; Lucentini et al., 2011; Bianco, 2014a; Lucentini et al., 2014). Based on the use of meristic characters, and mtDNA (COI and Cytb gene fragments) genetic traits, this study supports the proposal of a newly described endemic species, southern pike E. cisalpinus here reported in Friuli Vene-zia Giulia (FVG) region, as well. Following the observation of meristic characters and color patterns, two groups have been identified in the samples: the first group comprises pikes collected in the Corno-Stella basin, Tiel basin (in the context of the Isonzo basin) and Cormor basin, and it shows a lower number of lateral line scales (95-107) and color patterns with diagonal bars, vertical bars and stellate spots. These characters correspond to those of the typically Italian species E. cisalpinus. These features are 47 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Marco BERTOLI et al: FIRST TAXONOMICAL ANALYSES OF PIKE POPULATIONS (ESOCIDAE, ESOX) IN FRIULI ..., 41-52 Fig. 4: Bootstrap consensus of the Cytb gene tree. All the branches that were not supported at the default cutoff value of bootstrap confidence level >50 were condensed together. Light grey groups the Esox lucius clade, whereas dark grey clusters E. cisalpinus specimens. Specimens are listed with their GenBank IDs and, for pikes sampled in this study, by the site names as in Fig. 1. Outgroups of the two clades are: Esox americanus vermiculatus (AY497428), Esox americanus vermiculatus (AY497429), Esox americanus vermiculatus (AY497430), Esox americanus americanus (AY497433), Esox americanus (AY497434), Esox americanus (AY497435), and Esox americanus (AY497436). Sl. 3: Filogenetsko drevo na osnovi gena za Cytb. Statistične podpore drevesa so določene z neparametričnim testom ponovnega vzorčenja. Vse razvejitve pod mejo zaupanja >50 so bile združene. S svetlo sivo barvo so označene skupine iz klada navadne ščuke Esox lucius, s temno sivo pa primerki vrste E. cisalpinus. Primerki so razvrščeni skupaj z njihovimi GenBank IDs in pri ščukah, vzorčevanih v tej študiji na podlagi lokalitet tako kot na sliki 1. Izdanki obeh kladov so: Esox americanus vermiculatus (AY497428), Esox americanus vermiculatus (AY497429), Esox americanus vermiculatus (AY497430), Esox americanus americanus (AY497433), Esox americanus (AY497434), Esox americanus (AY497435) in Esox americanus (AY497436). 48 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Marco BERTOLI et al: FIRST TAXONOMICAL ANALYSES OF PIKE POPULATIONS (ESOCIDAE, ESOX) IN FRIULI ..., 41-52 reported by Bianco and Delmastro (2011), who analyzed specimens collected in the Po basin, Central Italy and two specimens from Friuli Venezia Giulia, and by Lucentini et al. (2011), Lucentini et al. (2014), who analyzed populations from Northern Italy (Po basin) and Central Italy (Tevere basin) and compared them with populations of E. lucius collected in continental Europe (the Netherlands, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Hungary and Sweden). Specimens belonging to the second group, including only individuals collected in the Campeglio Lakes, show a higher number of lateral line scales (109-115) and round spotted color patterns, which are typical characters of the northern pike E. lucius (Bianco & Delmastro, 2011; Bianco, 2014a). These are public lakes, managed by the local Authority for recreational fishing. In agreement with these results, molecular analyses confirmed the discrimination between E. lucius and E. cisalpinus species with 3 out of 4 molecular markers proposed by Lucentini et al. (2011): COI sequence, Cyt b sequence, and band 24. In conclusion, most of the analyzed specimens are recognized as E. cisalpinus, while E. lucius was only found in the Campeglio lakes, where sport fishing is usually practiced, and where introductions of allochtho- nous specimens could be probably conducted by some private fishermen without the permission of the regional management agency. Therefore, appropriate management practices are urgently needed for the safeguard of native populations and for preserving their distribution within the local habitats. In addition, repopulations could be carried out if necessary, but only with severely genetically controlled material. Due to these reasons, further analyses are planned over a wider number of sampling sites, covering the whole pike distribution area. Moreover, it is of great interest to extend this analysis to the nearby Austrian and Slovenian populations, not investigated by the authors cited above, which share waters with some populations from Friuli Venezia Giulia. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We would like to thank the Fishing Management Agency of Friuli Venezia Giulia (Ente Tutela Pesca - ETP in its Italian acronym) which provided personnel for the sampling operations. Many thanks to Valdo Barbiani, Stefano Gigante and Davide Lesa, who provided additional data and samples. 49 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Marco BERTOLI et al: FIRST TAXONOMICAL ANALYSES OF PIKE POPULATIONS (ESOCIDAE, ESOX) IN FRIULI ..., 41-52 PRVA TAKSONOMSKA ANALIZA POPULACIJ ŠČUKE (ESOCIDAE, ESOX) V FURLANIJI JULIJSKI KRAJINI (SEVEROVZHODNA ITALIJA) Marco BERTOLI University of Trieste, Life Science Department, I - 34127 Trieste, Via Giorgieri 10, Italy Chiara MANFRIN, Lucrezia C. BONZI University of Trieste, Life Science Department, I - 34127 Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, Italy Elisabetta PIZZUL University of Trieste, Life Science Department, I - 34127 Trieste, Via Giorgieri 10, Italy e-mail: pizzul@units.it Alberto PALLAVICINI University of Trieste, Life Science Department, I - 34127 Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, Italy POVZETEK Recentne raziskave taksonomske opredelitve ščuk v Italiji so obelodanile prisotnost nove vrste ščuke, opisane kot Esox cisalpinus, ki se loči od vrste Esox lucius. V prispevku avtorji poročajo o taksonomski raziskavi ščuk na območju Furlanije Julijske krajine (severovzhod Italije), kjer se je izkazalo, da se prekrivata areala dveh vrst. Avtorji so raziskali glavne meristične značilnosti, poleg njih pa so opravili še genetsko analizo na podlagi molekularnih markerjev. Dobljeni rezultati potrjujejo genetsko razmejitev med vrstama, medtem ko se na merističnem nivoju razlikujeta le na podlagi števila lusk v pobočnici. Vrsta E. cisalpinus je bila ugotovljena na veliki večini raziskanih lokalitet z izjemo le enega izoliranega lentičnega habitata, kjer je bila najdena le navadna ščuka E. lucius, ki so jo verjetno naselili ribiči. Glede na dejstvo, da je vrsta E. cisalpinus avtohtona v Furlaniji Julijski krajini in v drugih italijanskih pokrajinah, so potrebne nadaljnje analize z namenom ugotavljanja potencialnega križanja med vrstama in pripravo akcijskega načrta za ohranjanje naravnih populacij. Ključne besede: Esox cisalpinus, Esox lucius, taksonomija, COI, Cytb 50 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Marco BERTOLI et al: FIRST TAXONOMICAL ANALYSES OF PIKE POPULATIONS (ESOCIDAE, ESOX) IN FRIULI ..., 41-52 REFERENCES A.A.V.V. (2010): Piano di gestione dei bacini idro-grafici delle Alpi Orientali. 11 - Bacino dei tributari del-la Laguna di Marano-Grado. Documenta tecnico, 208 pp. Bianco, P. G. (2014a): An update on the status of native and exotic freshwater fishes of Italy. J. Appl. Ichtyol., 30, 62-77. Bianco, P. G. (2014b): Aggiornamento sistematico dei pesci d'acqua dolce autoctoni italiani: proposta di un workshop. It. J. Fresh. Ichtyol., 2014(1), 133-162. Bianco, P. G. & G. B. Delmastro (2011): Recenti novita tassonomiche riguardanti i pesci d'acqua dolce autoctoni in Italia e descrizione di una nuova specie di luccio. Research. Wildl. Conserv., 2 (Suppl), 1-14. Bry, C. (1996): Role of Vegetation in the life cycle of pike. In: Craig J. (ed.): Pike: Biology and Exploitation. Chapman & Hall, London, p. 45-67. Casselman, J. M. & C. A. Lewis (1996): Habitat requirements of northern pike (Esox lucius). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 53(Suppl. 1), 161-174. Craig, J.F. (2008): A short review of pike ecology. Hydrobiologia, 601, 5-16. Gandolfi, G., S. Zerunian, P. Torricelli & A. Marconato (1991): I pesci delle acque interne italiane. Isti-tuto Poligrafico dello Stato, Roma, 617 pp. Grimm, M. P. (1989): Northern pike (Esox lucius L.) and aquatic vegetation, tools in the management of fisheries and water quality in shallow waters. Hydrobiol. Bull., 23, 59-65. Grimm, M. P. & M. Klinge (1996): Pike and some aspects of its dependence on vegetation. In: Craig J.F. (ed.): Pike-Biology and exploitation. Chapman & Hall, London, p. 125-156. Hasegawa, M., H. Kishino & T. Yano (1985): Dating of the human-ape splitting by a molecular clock of mitochondrial DNA. J. Mol. Evol., 22, 160-174. Jacobsen, B. H., M. M. Hansen & V. Loeschcke (2005): Microsatellite DNA analysis of northern pike (Esox lucius L.) populations: Insights into the genetic structure and demographic history of a genetically depauperate species. Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 84, 91-101. Lorenzoni, M., M. Corboli, A. J. M. Dörr, M. Mearel-li & G. Giovinazzo (2002): The growth of pike (Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758) in Lake Trasimeno (Umbria, Italy). Fish. Res., 59, 239-246. Lucentini, L., A. Palomba, H. Lancioni, L. Gigliarelli, M. Natali & F. Panara (2006): Microsatellite polymorphism in Italian populations of northern pike (Esox lucius L.). Fish. Res., 80, 251-262. Lucentini, L., A. Palomba, L. Gigliarelli, G. Sgara-vizzi, H. Lancioni, L. Lanfaloni, M. Natali & F. Panara (2009): Temporal changes and effective population size of an Italian isolated and supportive-breeding managed northern pike (Esox lucius) population. Fish. Res., 96, 139-147. Lucentini, L., M. Natali and F. Panara (2010a): Il Luccio del Lago Trasimeno. Provincia di Perugia, Ponte San Giovanni (PG), 150 pp. Lucentini, L., C. Ricciolin, A. Palomba, L. Gigliarelli, M. A. Puletti, L. Lanfaloni & F. Panara (2010b): I marca-tori molecolari AFLP, ma non micro satelliti, indicano un relazione fra genotipo e livrea nel luccio (Esox lucius). Studi Trent. Sci. Nat., 87, 67-71. Lucentini, L., M. E. Puletti, C. Ricciolini, L. Gigliarelli, D. Fontaneto, L. Lanfaloni, F. Bilo, M. Natali & F. 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Kumar (2013): MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0. Mol. Biol. Evol., 30, 27252729. Welcomme, R. L. (1988): International Introductions of Inland Aquatic Species. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No.294. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 318 pp. 51 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Marco BERTOLI et al: FIRST TAXONOMICAL ANALYSES OF PIKE POPULATIONS (ESOCIDAE, ESOX) IN FRIULI ..., 41-52 Westin, L. & K. E. Limburg (2002): Newly discovered Zerunian, S. (2004): Pesci delle acque interne d'Ital-reproductive isolation reveals sympatric populations of ia. Ministero Ambiente Istituto Nazionale Fauna Selvat-Esox lucius in the Baltic. J. Fish Biol., 61, 1647-1652. ica, Roma, 257 pp. 52 FAVNA FAUNA FAUNA ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Original scientific article DOI 10.19233/ASHN.2016.8 Received: 2016-03-28 ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON (NORTHERN TUNISIA, CENTRAL MEDITERRANEAN) Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR, Mohamed Mourad BEN AMOR Laboratoire de Biodiversité, Biotechnologie et Changements Climatiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis Tunisie Jamila BEN SOUISSI Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, cité Mahrajène 1082, Tunis Tunisie. e-mail: ounifikhadija@yahoo.com ABSTRACT During investigations conducted after the environmental restoration of the Tunis Southern Lagoon, a total of 44 crustacean species belonging to 27 families were recorded, including 19 decapods, 11 isopods, 10 amphipods, 3 cirripeds and a single stomatopod. Of these 44 species, 31 were autochthonous and 13 allochthonous. Six species were recorded in the area for the first time. The Tunis Southern Lagoon provides favourable environmental conditions for the settlement of alien species, mainly crustaceans. The occurrence of alien crustaceans plays an important economic and ecological role in this restricted brackish area, and enhances anthropogenic activities such as fishery of cephalopods and fishes. Keywords: Brackish waters, autochthonous species, allochthonous species, ecological restoration, new settlements ELENCO AGGIORNATO DELLE SPECIE DI CROSTACEI TROVATI NELLA LAGUNA MERIDIONALE DI TUNISI (TUNISIA SETTENTRIONALE, MEDITERRANEO CENTRALE) SINTESI Durante le indagini condotte dopo il ripristino ambientale della laguna meridionale di Tunisi sono state trovate 44 specie di crostacei appartenenti a 27 famiglie, tra cui 19 decapodi, 11 isopodi, 10 anfipodi, tre cirripedi e un unico stomatopoda. Di queste 44 specie, 31 sono autoctone e 13 alloctone. Sei specie sono state rinvenute nell'area per la prima volta. La laguna meridionale di Tunisi offre condizioni ambientali favorevoli all'insediamento di specie aliene, soprattutto di crostacei. La presenza di crostacei non-indigeni svolge un ruolo economico ed ecologico importante in questa ristretta area salmastra, e accresce le attività antropiche quali la pesca di cefalopodi e pesci. Parole chiave: acque salmastre, specie autoctone, specie alloctone, ripristino ecologico, nuovi insediamenti 55 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR et a/. ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON ..., 55-70 INTRODUCTION The Tunis Southern Lagoon had been strongly polluted by anthropogenic activities (Ben Souissi, 2002; Her-mi & Aissa, 2002) and required thorough environmental restoration, which was achieved in September 2001 (Vandenbroek & Ben Charrada, 2001; Ben Souissi, 2002). Furtherly, investigations were conducted throughout the lagoon to assess the restoration level and improvement of water quality (Jouini et a/., 2005; Ben Souissi et a/., 2005a). Occurrence of elasmobranch and teleost species, substantially established in the Tunis Southern Lagoon, could be considered as the most favourable consequence of the ecological restoration of this brackish area (Mejri et a/., 2004; Ben Souissi et a/., 2004, 2005b). However, analysis of stomach contents of many fish species has shown that crustaceans are generally recorded as prey species (Mejri, 2003; Ben Souissi et a/., 2004). It suggests that crustacean species play both ecological and economic roles in the Tunis Southern Lagoon, improving and enlarging the successful establishment of cephalopod and fish populations, as well as fishery activities. The presence of crustacean species in the Tunis Southern Lagoon has been previously reported by Ben Souissi et al. (2003; 2005a). It generally concerned small species belonging to the genus Sphaeroma La- 0- 10-E SO'E 30* E , Mediterranean Sea 300 Km N t \ NC-— YV io* 36°45' TNL ........ ^ ■■■-•tiT- Gulf of Tunis Kris' 1 5 Km ' f*~ Fig. 1: A. Map of Tunisia pointing out in the north the site of Tunis Southern Lagoon. B. Tunis Northern Lagoon (TNL) separated from Tunis Southern Lagoon (TSL) by a navigation channel (NC). ST1-ST10 sampling stations in TSL. Sl. 1: A. Zemljevid Tunizije z označeno Tuniško južno laguno v severnem predelu. B. Tuniška severna laguna (TNL), razmejena od južne (TSL) s plovnim kanalom (NC). ST1-ST10 vzorčevalne postaje v TSL. treille, 1802; however, an overall study of crustacean fauna inhabiting the area had yet to be prepared. The aims of this paper are therefore to present a thorough inventory of crustacean species inhabiting the Tunis Southern Lagoon, with a particular emphasis on their origin, abundance and capture sites, and to examine the ecological and economic roles they play in this area. MATERIAL AND METHODS Study area The Tunis Southern Lagoon (36°47' N, 10°17' E) is the southern part of the Lake of Tunis, which is divided in two areas by a navigation channel (Fig. 1). The Tunis Southern Lagoon, which extends over an area of 720 ha, has a regular depth of about 2.1 m and a maximum depth of 3.8 m. It appears as an ellipse stretching in the SW-NE direction, between 36°46'47''and 36°48'00''N, and 10°12'22'' and 10°16'41''E. Its shores have been excavated and protected by large rocky stones. Sampling procedure Between February 2012 and June 2015, sampling was conducted in shallow coastal waters, at a depth of less than 3 m, at 10 stations. Samples were collected by dredging and scuba diving in stations 1 to 6, which are characterized by muddy bottom. At stations 7 to 10, located in intertidal rocky shores covered by algae, sampling from under stones was conducted manually (Fig. 1). The animals were removed by rinsing the vegetation in a big tray and recovered on a 1 mm mesh sieve, which retained all individuals, including small species. The retained specimens were sorted, fixed in 70% alcohol and then identified, using different identification keys (Fisher et a/., 1987; Froglia & Manning, 1989; Noel, 1992). The nomenclature adopted in this paper follows the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A total of 44 crustacean species from 27 families were recorded in the Tunis Southern Lagoon. The most abundantly represented taxa were decapods (19 species), isopods (11 species), amphipods (10 species), barnacles (3 species) and stomatopods (1 species), with 6 species recorded in the area for the first time. Of the 44 crustacean species, 31 were autochthonous and 13 allochthonous (Tab. 1). The annotated list of identified species is given below. Checklist of the Tunis Southern Lagoon ORDER DECAPODA BRACHYURA Family Euryplacidae Eucrate crenata (De Haan, 1853) (Fig. 2A) 56 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR et a/. ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON ..., 55-70 Tab. 1: List of the crustacean species in the Tunis Southern Lagoon per station. * Alien species • New records for the Tunis Southern Lagoon. Tab. 1: Seznam vrst rakov na posamezni postaji v Tuniški južni laguni. * Tujerodne vrste • Novi podatki za Tuniško južno laguno. Stations ST1 ST2 ST3 ST4 ST5 ST6 ST7 ST8 ST9 ST10 Order: Decapoda Family: Euryplacidae *Eucrate crenata (De Haan, 1853) + - - - - - - - - - Family: Piluminidae *Pilumnopeus vauquelini (Audouin, 1826) + + + - - - - - - - Family: Panopeidae *Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841) - - - - - - + + + - Family: Varunidae *Hemigrapsus sanguineus (De Haan,1835) - + - - - - - - - - Brachynotus sexdentatus (Risso, 1827) + + - - - - - - - - Family: Porcellanidae Porcellana plathycheles (Pennant, 1777) - - - - - - + - + - Pisidia longicornis Linnaeus, 1767 + - - - - - - - - - Family: Plagusidae Euchirograpsus liguricus H. Milne Edwards, 1853 - - - - - - - - + - Family: Portunidae Carcinus aestuarii Nardo, 1847 + + + - - - - - - - Family: Grapsidae Pachygrapsus marmoratus (Fabricius, 1787) - - - - - - - - + + Family: Polybiidae • Liocarcinus vernalis (Risso, 1816) - - - - - - - + - - Family: Inachidae Inachus dorsettensis (Pennant, 1777) - - + - - - - - - - Family: Palaemonidae Palaemon serratus (Pennant, 1777) - + + - - - - - - - Palaemonvarians Leach, 1813 - - + + - - - - - - • Palaemon xiphias Risso, 1816 - - + + - - - - - - Palaemon elegans Rathke, 1837 - - + - - - - - - - Family: Penaeidae Penaeus kerathurus (Forskâl, 1775) + + - - - - - - - - Family: Upogebiidae Upogebia pusilla (Petagna, 1792) - - - + + - - - - - Family: Diogenidae Diogenes pugilator (Roux 1829) + - - - - - - - - - Order: Isopoda Family: Sphaeromatidae 57 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR et a/. ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON ..., 55-70 Cymodoce truncata (Leach, 1814) + + + + + + + + + + Sphaeroma serratum (Fabricius, 1787) - - - - - + + + + + *Sphaeroma walkeri Stebbing, 1905 - - + + + + - - - - *Sphaeroma venustissimum (Monod, 1931) - - - - - - + + + + *Paradella dianae (Menzies, 1962) - - - - - - - + + + *Paracerceis sculpta (Holmes, 1904) + + + + + + + + + + Dynamene edwardsi (Lucas, 1849) - - - - - - + + + - Family: Idoteida Idotea balthica (Pallas, 1772) + + + - - - - - - - Idotea chelipes (Slabber, 1778) - - - + + - - - - - Family: Cymothoidea • *Anilocra pilchardi Bariche & Trilles, 2006 + + - - - + - - - - Family: Janiridae Jaera (Jaera) hopeana Costa, 1853 - - - - - - + + + + Order: Amphipoda Family: Caprellidae • * Caprella scaura Templeton, 1836 - - - - - + - - - - Caprella equilibra Say, 1818 - - - - + + - - - - Family: Ampithoidae *Cymadusa filosa Savigny, 1816 + + + + + + + + - - Family: Corophiidae Monocorophium acherusicum (Costa, 1853) + + + + + + + + + + Monocorophium insidiosum (Crawford, 1937) - - - - - - - + + + Corophium orientale Schellenberg, 1928 - - - - - - + + - - Family: Gammaridae Gammarus aequicauda (Martynov, 1931) + + + + + + + + - - Gammarus insensibilis (Stock, 1966) - - - - - - - + + + Family: Talitridae Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928 - - - - - + - - - - Family: Melitidae • Melita palmata (Montagu, 1804) - - + + - - - - - - Order: Cirripedia Family: Balanidae *Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841) - - - - - - + + - - Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) - - - - - - + + + + Family: Sacculinidae • Sacculina carcini Thompson, 1836 + + - - - - - - - - Order: Stomatopoda Family: squillidae *Erugosquilla massavensis (Kossmann, 1880) - - + - - - - - - - 58 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR et a/. ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON ..., 55-70 Eucrate crenata originates from the Red Sea and was recorded in the Mediterranean off Port Said (Egypt) by Calman (1927), off southern Turkey (Enzenross et al., 1992) and in Haifa Bay, Israel (Galil, 1997). In Tunisian waters, the species had first colonized the southern Gulf of Gabes, where it became abundant (Zaouali, 1993; Enzenross & Enzenross, 2000). E. crenata migrated northward to the Gulf of Tunis (Ben Souissi et al., 2003) and the Bizerte Lagoon (Shaiek et al., 2010). In the Tunis Southern Lagoon E. crenata was harvested in Station ST1 from among algae. All collected specimens were males of substantially the same average size - about 20 mm carapace width. The species was found in Station ST1 in a water column that was rather cloudy due to suspended matter inflowing from the Gulf of Tunis. In the Gulf of Gabes, the species inhabits muddy bottoms or Posidonia meadows (Zaouali, 1993). Family Piluminidae Pilumnopeus vauquelini (Audouin, 1826) (Fig. 2B) Pilumnopeus vauquelini originating from the Red Sea was recorded in the Mediterranean off Egypt (Calman, 1927), Israel and southern Turkey (Kocatas, 1981). The occurrence of P. vauquelini in the Tunis Southern Lagoon is the second record for the southern Mediterranean and the first record for Tunisian waters (Ben Souissi et al., 2003). Male and female specimens were equally collected throughout the eastern part of the lagoon (ST1, ST2, and ST3). The average width of the specimens was 14.5 mm. Family Panopeidae Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841) (Fig. 2C) Rhithropanopeus harrisii is a crab native to the Atlantic Ocean and was reported for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea from the Lagoon of Marano (Italy) and the Etang de Berre (France) (see Galil et al., 2002). In Tunisian waters it was collected for the first time in the Tunis Southern Lagoon (Ben Souissi et al., 2004). In recent surveys conducted in the area the crabs have been found under stones and among decaying vegetation. Family Varunidae Hemigrapsus sanguineus (De Haan, 1835) (Fig. 2D) The Asian crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus was accidentally introduced to Le Havre harbour in 1999 (Breton et al., 2002; Dauvin et al., 2009). In Tunisian waters, the species was reported in the Tunis Southern Lagoon (Ben Souissi et al., 2003). Three specimens, one male and two females, were sampled at Station ST2. The species is known to tolerate wide temperature and salinity changes (Epifanio et al., 1998). Brachynotus sexdentatus (Risso, 1827) Brachynotus sexdentatus is an autochthonous Mediterranean species inhabiting all types of substrates and is most abundant among algae and in harbours, under stones (Bouvier & Marcheurs, 1940). B. sexdentatus is a rare species in the Mediterranean and in the Atlantic (Stevcic & Galil, 1994), too. Only a few specimens were sampled in the lagoon on muddy bottoms at Station ST1. Family Porcellanidae Porcellana platycheles (Pennant, 1777) This crab is common along the French coast and in Italian lagoons, where it lives under rocks (Zariquiey-Al-vares, 1956). In Tunisian waters it is considered rare (Zaabar, 1998). Three specimens were collected in the Tunis Southern Lagoon, from stations ST7 and ST10, both close to the navigation channel. Pisidia longicornis Linnaeus, 1767 (Fig. 2E) Pisidia longicornis is common throughout the European coast and western Mediterranean (Koukouras et al., 2002), but rare in the Tunis Southern Lagoon: only 3 females were sampled at Station ST1. Family Plagusiidae Euchirograpsus liguricus H. Milne Edwards, 1853 The species is endemic to the Mediterranean, first reported from Spain (Zariquiey-Alvares, 1968) and throughout the seashores of this sea (Stevcic & Galil, 1994). The first Tunisian specimen was recorded in the Lagoon of Bizerte, on rocky and sandy bottoms (Zaabar, 1998). In the Tunis Southern Lagoon, it was found on rocky substrate at Station ST9. Family Portunidae Carcinus aestuarii Nardo, 1847 The species is abundant in lagoons, estuarine waters and harbour basins (Cottiglia, 1983). This crab was previously recorded along the Tunisian coast (Zaabar, 1998). Our survey has shown that C. aestuarii is the most abundant crab collected in the Tunis Southern Lagoon, especially in its eastern areas at stations ST1, ST2 and ST3. Family Grapsidae Pachygrapsus marmoratus (Fabricius, 1787) The species is known throughout the Mediterranean (Stevcic & Galil, 1994). In Tunisian waters, it was first reported on rocky bottom off Kelibia, a city located in the Cape Bon Peninsula (Forest & Guinot, 1956). The samples of this species studied in this survey were collected at Stations ST9 and ST10. 59 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR et a/. ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON ..., 55-70 Fig. 2: Crustaceans species sampled in the Tunis Southern Lagoon. (A) Eucrate crenata: adult male (Carapace width - CW = 20 mm; carapace length - CL = 26 mm ); (B) Pilumnopeus vauquilini: adult male (CW = 20 mm; CL = 11.5 mm);(C) Rhithropanopeus harrisii: adult male (CW = 12 mm ; CL = 10 mm); (D) Hemigrapsus sanguineus: adult female (CW = 20 mm ; CL = 18 mm); (E) Pisidia longicornis: adult female (CW = 8 mm; CL = 9.5 mm); (F) Inachus dor-settensis: adult female (CW = 15 mm; CL = 30 mm); (G) Sphaeroma walkeri: adult male (CL = 14 mm); (H) Sphaeroma venustissimum: adult male (CL = 15 mm); (I) Paradella dianae: adult male (CL = 8 mm); (J) Erugosquilla massavensis: adult male (CL = 201 mm). Sl. 2: Vrste rakov, ugotovljenih v Tuniški južni laguni. (A) Eucrate crenata: odrasel samec (CW = 20 mm; CL = 26 mm ); (B) Pilumnopeus vauquilini: odrasel samec (CW = 20 mm; CL = 11.5 mm);(C) Rhithropanopeus harrisii: odrasel samec (CW = 12 mm ; CL =10 mm); (D) Hemigrapsus sanguineus: odrasla samica (CW = 20 mm ; CL = 18 mm); (E) Pisidia longicornis: odrasla samica (CW = 8 mm; CL = 9.5 mm); (F)Inachus dorsettensis: odrasla samica (CW = 15 mm; CL = 30 mm); (G) Sphaeroma walkeri: odrasel samec (CL = 14 mm); (H) Sphaeroma venustissimum: odrasel samec (CL = 15 mm); (I) Paradella dianae: odrasel samec (CL = 8 mm); (J) Erugosquilla massavensis: odrasel samec (CL = 201 mm). 60 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR et a/. ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON ..., 55-70 Family Polybiidae Liocarcinus vernalis (Risso, 1816) The species is reported throughout the Mediterranean (Forest & Guinot, 1956; Zariquiey-Alvarès, 1956; Noël, 1992; Stevcic & Galil, 1994). In Tunisia it was first recorded off Zembra Island (Forest & Guinot, 1956). In the Tunis Southern Lagoon, a single ovigerous female was collected. L. vernalis is a coastal species, living in the sandy intertidal zone and brackish lagoons (Fischer et al., 1987). Family Inachidae Inachus dorsettensis (Pennant, 1777) (Fig. 2F) The species is reported throughout the Mediterranean (Zariquiey-Alvarès, 1956; Noël, 1992; Stevcic & Galil, 1994). The first Tunisian specimen was recorded in the Gulf of Tunis (Forest & Guinot, 1956) and the subsequent ones in the Gulf of Gabès (Ktari-Chakroun & Azzouz, 1971). During our study, specimens of this species were found at Station ST3 in seagrass Cymodocea nodosa (Ucria) Ascherson, 1870. DECAPODA CARIDEA Family Palaemonidae Palaemon serratus (Pennant, 1777) The species is widely distributed in the Atlantic, the Mediterranean and the Black Sea (Zariquiey- Alvarès, 1968). P. serratus has been reported in moderately polluted harbour basins (Cottiglia, 1983). This shrimp is rare in the Tunis Southern Lagoon, in fact, only 12 specimens were collected from the fronds of algae during the autumn period. Palaemon varians Leach, 1813 Palaemon varians is a Mediterranean brackish water shrimp (Hayward & Ryland, 1996). The species was first recorded in Tunisian waters in the Sebkha Kelbia salt flat (Heldt, 1954). The species is rare in the lagoon under study. Palaemon xiphias Risso, 1816 The species is found throughout the Mediterranean and in the Atlantic areas such as Morocco, the Canary Islands and Madeira (Holthuis, 1980). In the Tunis Southern Lagoon, we collected ovigerous females from Cymodocea seagrass. This species is typically found in seagrass meadows (Fresi et al., 1984). Palaemon elegans Rathke, 1837 The species is widely distributed in European coastal waters, from the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and North Sea to the Atlantic shore of Norway (Grabowski, 2006). In Tunisian waters the species was first reported off Salammbô by Karen & Raymond (1972). Five specimens of Palaemon elegans were captured during our survey at Station ST3 in the Tunis Southern Lagoon. Family Penaeidae Penaeus kerathurus (Forskal, 1775) This large benthic shrimp is distributed within the 100 m of depth. It is widespread off the east coast of the Atlantic and throughout the Mediterranean Sea (Holthuis, 1980). All the specimens sampled from the eastern part of the lagoon under study were at a juvenile stage. The same trend has been observed in Italian lagoons, where only juvenile specimens enter the lagoons, while the adult ones return to the open sea (Cottiglia, 1983). DECAPODA GEBIIDEA Family Upogebiidae Upogebia pusilla (Petagna, 1792) This species occurs in the Mediterranean Sea, extending from the shores of the Iberian Peninsula (Zari-quiey-Alvarès, 1956) across French waters (Noël, 1992) to the Aegean Sea (Lewinsohn & Holthuis, 1964). Specimens of Upogebia pusilla were harvested from the middle of the Tunis Southern Lagoon, covered in the Caulerpa prolifera algae. This species tolerates moderate changes in salinity, but cannot survive long periods in water with a salinity lower than that of marine water. DECAPODA ANOMURA Family Diogenidae Diogenes pugilator (Roux 1829) Diogenes pugilator has a wide geographical distribution in the eastern Atlantic, from Ireland to the Gulf of Guinea and the Mediterranean (Barnes, 1999). D. pugilator is a euryhaline hermit crab, inhabiting sandy and muddy sandy bottoms. It mainly occurs in lagoons and coastal areas, in shallow waters of up to several meters in depth (Cottiglia, 1983). In the lagoon under study, 9 specimens were collected from empty shells of Cerithi-um vulgatum at Station ST1. ORDER ISOPODA Family Sphaeromatidae Cymodoce truncata (Leach, 1814) This species has a wide geographic distribution throughout the seas and oceans of the world (Dumay, 1972). Dridi & Prunus (1980) were the first to report it in Tunisian lagoons. It is a very common species in the Tunis Southern Lagoon. C. truncata generally lives in association with the isopod Sphaeroma serratum, amidst various species of seaweed and wrapped in empty barnacle tests. 61 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR et a/. ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON ..., 55-70 Sphaeroma serratum (Fabricius, 1787) This isopod species inhabits the shallow waters of the Atlantic coasts of Europe and Africa, and of the Mediterranean Sea (De Hureaux, 1979). In the lagoon under study, the species was found under stones, algae and in empty barnacle tests. S. serratum is able to withstand large changes in temperature and salinity (Charmentier & Charmentier-Daures, 1994). Sphaeroma walkeri Stebbing, 1905 (Fig. 2G) Sphaeroma walkeri is commonly found in the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea among intertidal fouling communities, and has been reported in warm and warm-temperate waters (Galil, 2008). The species was first recorded in Tunisian waters in the Tunis Southern Lagoon by Ben Souissi et al. (2003), where S. walkeri was found in very shallow water, generally less than 3 m deep. All records so far are from the intertidal zone, except for one from India, where the isopod was collected in waters up to 46 m deep (Carlton & Iverson, 1981). S. walkeri inhabits different bottoms and is found among fouling communities. The species colonizes empty barnacle shells, such as Balanus amphitrite am-phitrite Darwin, 1854, spaces between benthic fauna, oscula of sponges, especially Ircinia sp. and Chondrosia reniformis (Nardo, 1847), and ascidians, such as Phal-lusia mammillata (Cuvier, 1815), Ecteinascidia turbina-ta (Herdman, 1880), Ascidiella aspersa, (Müller, 1776), Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767). Ounifi Ben Amor et al. (2010) noted that the highest densities of S. walkeri were observed among sponges during spring and summer. The presence of specimens in all developmental stages, throughout the year, showed that the species is substantially established in the Tunis Southern Lagoon (Ounifi Ben Amor et al., 2015 a). Sphaeroma venustissimum (Monod, 1931) (Fig. 2H) Sphaeroma venustissimum was first described from specimens collected off the Mauritanian coast (Monod, 1931). It has been reported in the waters off Morocco, the southwestern Iberian Peninsula (Hoestlandt, 1959), off Portugal (Jacobs, 1987) and Spain (Junoy & Cas-tello, 2003). The species entered the Mediterranean Sea through the Strait of Gibraltar and was first recorded in this region in the Tunis Southern Lagoon (Ben Souissi et al., 2005a). This species of tropical Atlantic origin, considered "alien" at the time of its first occurrence in the Mediterranean Sea, has since been removed from alien species lists, as its presence in the Mediterranean Sea can be explained by a natural range expansion rather than an anthropic action (Zenetos et al., 2012). S. venustissimum is an intertidal lucifugous species, often found under stones covered by biofouling, or inside empty tests of barnacles. Paradella dianae (Menzies, 1962) (Fig. 2I) Paradella dianae has a wide geographic distribution extending from the waters off Atlantic and Pacific coasts to South America and Brazil (Nelson & Demetriades, 1992). It is an immigrant species from the Red Sea, reported for the first time in the Mediterranean from the Alexandria harbour (Atta, 1987). The species was locally collected for the first time during surveys carried out in the Tunis Southern Lagoon (Bey et al., 2001). During our recent surveys, the species was sampled in seaweed and under stones from the lagoon shores. Paracerceis sculpta (Holmes, 1904) This is a migratory species of Indo-Pacific origin, reported for the first time in the Mediterranean by Rezig (1978) in the Tunis Northern Lagoon. In the Tunis Southern Lagoon, the species was collected among barnacle tests and algae in all stations and throughout the year. Dynamene edwardsi (Lucas, 1849) The species was mentioned in association with Paracerceis sculpta (Rezig, 1978). Dridi & Prunus (1980) also reported some specimens in the Bizerte Lagoon. D. edwardsi was collected among algae during spring and a similar pattern was reported by As Zaouali-Laidain (1974) and Ben Souissi (2002). Family Idoteidae Idotea balthica (Pallas, 1772) The species has a wide geographical distribution. It has been reported in the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, the Red Sea and in the Indian Ocean (Monod, 1923). It is uncommon in the Tunis Southern Lagoon; it was only found during spring and summer in zones characterized by a clear marine influence, at Stations ST1, ST2 and ST3. Idotea chelipes (Slabber, 1778) This isopod has a wide distribution and a high tolerance for confinement (Quignand, 1984). Several specimens were collected in the mid-part of the lagoon under study, hidden among the algae Ulva and Gracilaria. Family Cymothoidae Anilocra pilchardi Bariche & Trilles, 2006 Anilocra pilchardi is a parasitic of Indo-Pacific origin, first reported from off Lebanon (Bariche & Trilles, 2006). In previous studies, the species had been locally collected from the Lagoons of Boughrara and Bahiret El Bibans (Ben Souissi et al., 2010). In the present study, the species was collected from fish caught in the lagoon. 62 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR et a/. ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON ..., 55-70 Family Janiridae Jaera (Jaera) hopeana Costa, 1853 The species is found mainly in the Mediterranean and Black Seas (Prunus & Pantoustier, 1976). Qualified as an ectocommensal species by Naylor (1972), this minuscule isopod had been regularly collected from branchial appendices of Sphaeroma serratum, probably seeking better oxygenation. The spatial distribution of this isopod in the Tunis Southern Lagoon is similar to that of the lesser specimens of S. serratum, the ones not exceeding 10 mm in total length. ORDER AMPHIPODA Family Caprellidae Caprella scaura Templeton, 1836 Caprella scaura, originating from the Indian Ocean, was first recorded in the Mediterranean Sea in the Lagoon of Venice (Sconfietti & Danesi, 1996). In Tunisia, 278 specimens in all were locally sampled for the first time in the Lagoons of Boughrara and Bibans among the algae Gracilaria and Polysiphonia (Ben Souissi et al., 2010). C. scaura was reported in the Tunis Southern Lagoon at Station ST6 among fronds of Chaetomorpha linum (O.F.Muller) Kutzing, 1845. Caprella equilibra Say, 1818 It is a cosmopolitan species from warm-temperate seas, found also in the Mediterranean and in the Black Sea, as well as in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans (Chevreux & Fages, 1925). This amphipod had been previously mentioned in the Tunis Southern Lagoon by Zaouali-Laidain (1974). In this survey, several specimens were collected during spring and summer from the fronds of Chaetomorpha linum. Family Ampithoidae Cymadusa filosa Savigny, 1816 Cymadusa filosa is a Lessepsian species that has long been considered polymorphic and pantropical (Ledoy-er, 1984). This amphipod was previously observed in the Lagoons of Ghar El Melh and Bizerte (Chevreux, 1910; Dridi & Prunus, 1980; Zakhama-Sraieb et al., 2009) and in the southern and northern parts of the Lagoon of Tunis (Ouirane, 1998; Gharbi, 2000), too. We collected this species in almost all the stations of the southern lagoon associated with the amphipod Gammarus aequicauda (Martynov, 1931). This amphipod is especially abundant during spring. Family Corophiidae Monocorophium acherusicum (Costa, 1853) The species has a worldwide distribution (Bellan-San-tini & Desrosiers, 1976). M. acherusicum pervades the entire Tunis Southern Lagoon (Vuillemin, 1965; Zaoua-li-Laidain, 1974), with its 11,605 specimens second in number only to Cymodoce truncata. Monocorophium insidiosum (Crawford, 1937) The species is commonly found in lagoons (Taramelli & Pezzali, 1986), but locally it is a less abundant species. A total of 274 specimens were observed at stations ST8, ST9 and ST10. Corophium orientale Schellenberg, 1928 This is an endemic species of the Mediterranean Sea, found mainly in brackish waters under seaweed (Bel-lan Santini et al., 1992). In Tunisian waters, the species was previously found in Garaa Ichkeul (Dridi & Prunus, 1980). A total of 1,579 specimens were sampled in the Tunis Southern Lagoon during our survey. Family Gammaridae Gammarus aequicauda (Martynov, 1931) This species has a wide geographical distribution, and is considered very common in the Mediterranean (Bellan-Santini, et al., 1992). It is well documented in Tunisian waters (Gharbi, 2000), and common in the Tunis Southern Lagoon, where 10,285 specimens were collected. Gammarus insensibilis (Stock, 1966) This is a euryhaline and eurythermal species, widespread in the lagoon environments of the Mediterranean (Taramelli & Pezzali, 1986). It can be found at low depths (maximum 15 m) in slightly brackish water, under rocks and vegetation (Gharbi, 2000). The specimens of G. insensibilis collected in the study area were occasionally associated with G. aequicauda. Family Talitridae Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928 It is an endemic species of the Mediterranean Sea. In Tunisian waters, the species was first recorded in the northern lagoon by Gharbi (2000) and later confirmed in the southern lagoon, too (Ben Souissi, 2002). In the study area, 2,134 specimens were observed at Station ST6 among algae. Family Melitidae Melita palmata (Montagu, 1804) Melita palmata is a common species in lagoons, estuaries and brackish waters off the European coast of the Atlantic Ocean, as well as of the Baltic, Mediterranean and Black Seas (Lincoln, 1979). M. palmata was report- 63 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR et a/. ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON ..., 55-70 ed for the first time off Bizerte, in northern Tunisia by Chevreux (1911). We collected this species in the Tunis Southern Lagoon from algae and seagrasses. ORDER CIRRIPEDIA Family Balanidae Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841) Native to the entire western Atlantic, the species invaded the Mediterranean, the Black Sea, the Caspian Sea and spread further into the Indian Ocean, to Japan and other Pacific Islands (Hayward & Ryland, 1996). In Tunisian waters it was first found at an archaeological site in Carthage (Southward et al., 1998). Recently, it has been reported in the Gulf of Gabes by El Lakhrach et al. (2012). Its presence in the Tunis Southern Lagoon is limited to the shores. Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) Amphibalanus amphitrite is a common species, found on both natural and artificial bottom (Relini, 1980). In the Tunis Southern Lagoon, the species is found in compact colonies on hard substrates, such as buoys and mussel shells. A. amphitrite was very abundant in the lagoon before its restoration. Family Sacculinidae Sacculina carcini Thompson, 1836 Sacculina carcini is a specific cirripede parasite of the crab Carcinus aestuarii (Lützen, 1981). It appears as a sort of sac, slightly flattened anteroposteriorly and of a vaguely pentagonal outline, implanted in the space between the crab's abdomen and cephalothorax. S. carcini invades the host completely and alters its hormonal balance (Larsen et al., 2013). In our survey, this species of parasite was observed in 4 adult males of C. aestuarii. ORDER STOMATOPODA Family Squillidae Erugosquilla massavensis (Kossmann, 1880) (Fig. 2J) The Mantis shrimp E. massavensis originates in the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea (Froglia & Manning, 1989). It migrated through the Suez Canal into the Mediterranean Sea, where it was first recorded off the Mediterranean coast of Egypt, wrongly identified as Squilla africana Calman, 1917 by Steuer (1936). Since 1960, E. massavensis has successively established in the eastern Levant and south-eastern Turkey (Holthuis, 1961; Galil et al., 2002; Bakir & ^evirgen, 2012). Its westernmost extension range to date has been reported in waters off the coast of Libya (Shakman & Kinzelbach, 2007) and recently in Tunisia in the Gulf of Gabes and the Tunis Southern Lagoon (Ounifi Ben Amor et al., 2015b). The captures of specimens in open waters, such as the Gulf of Gabes, and restricted brackish areas, such as the Tunis Southern Lagoon, suggest a possible adaptability of E. massavensis to salinity changes. Crustacean fauna of the Tunis Southern Lagoon Of the 44 crustacean species reported in the area only 29 were listed before the restoration. 6 species are new records for the Tunis Southern Lagoon, among them two Lessepsian species - the amphipod Caprella scaura and the isopod Anilocra pilchardi (Tab. 1). The distribution of the species in the lagoon shows that most of them (41%) were collected at the stations near the Bay of Tunis (ST1, ST2, ST3), which highlights the role of marine flux. Although our study focuses on the crustacean species occurring in the Tunis Southern Lagoon, previous papers showed that molluscs and fishes were qualitatively and quantitatively represented in the area (Ben Souissi et al., 2005b; Eteres et al., 2011). Molluscs played an important role in the settlement of crustacean fauna in the lagoon. Indeed, we have observed that some species of crustaceans, such as Sphaeroma serratum, S. walk-eri and S. venustissimum, take refuge in empty shells of bivalves. All specimens of hermit crab Diogenes pugi-lator were collected from empty shells of the gastropod Cerithium vulgatum. Some barnacles, such as Amphibalanus eburneus and A. amphitrite, were also related to the presence of empty mussel shells of Fulvia fragilis and Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819). The ichthyofauna is quite diversified and has con-comitantly allowed for the resumption of fishing activities in the area after restoration. An investigation conducted in 2014 among the local fishermen aware of the fishing grounds showed that the fish fauna comprised at least 90 species (Ben Souissi et al., 2015). The presence of small crustaceans probably enhanced settlements of fish species in the lagoon, both elasmobranchs (Mejri et al., 2004) and teleosts (Ben Souissi et al., 2005a, 2005b; Ben Amor et al., 2008). Previous studies on the feeding habits of the elasmobranch and teleost species recorded in the area showed that their preferential preys or at least their secondary preys were crustaceans (Capape & Azzouz, 1976; Capape & Zaouali, 1979; Bradai, 2000; Rafrafi-Nouira et al., 2016). Therefore, the occurrence of fishes in the area is closely related to the availability of crustaceans in the area. A comparison was carried out between crustacean fauna of the Tunis Southern Lagoon and other brackish areas of Mediterranean and Tunisian lagoons, which is shown in Table 2. It is evident that the number of species in the Tunis Southern Lagoon is one of the largest, second only to that of the French Thau Lagoon and the Moroccan Merja Zerga, despite a smaller surface area. Such patterns confirm that the Tunis Southern Lagoon has been successfully restored and represents a favourable biological environment for numerous fish species. 64 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR et a/. ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON ..., 55-70 Tab. 2: Number of crustacean species recorded in various Mediterranean lagoons. Tab. 2: Število vrst rakov ugotovljenih v nekaterih sredozemskih lagunah. Country Lagoon Species number Area surface (ha) Authors Morocco Merja Zerga 74 7300 Bazairi et al. (2003) France Thau Lagoon 110 7500 Cataudella et al. (2014) Tunisia Monastir Lagoon 10 340 Mortier (1979) Tunisia Ghar El Meleh Lagoon 12 3000 Ben Romdhane & Ktari-Chakroun (1986); Chakroun (2004) Tunisia Bizerte Lagoon ± 20 15000 Zaouali & Lévy (1981) Tunisia Tunis Northern Lagoon 44 2200 Tlig et al., 2008; Diawara et al. (2008) Tunisia Tunis Southern Lagoon 44 700 This study New marine species are regularly and continuously recorded in Tunisian waters, mainly in lagoon environments, which are considered hotspots for the settlement of invasive species (Ounifi Ben Amor et al., 2016). Such colonisations are probably the result of the restoration of the area, which facilitated the introduction of species previously unknown to the area, and consequently the abundance of crustacean species reported in the present paper. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors wish to thank two referees for providing useful and helpful comments that allowed us to improve the manuscript. 65 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR et a/. ANNOTATED LIST OF CRUSTACEAN SPECIES RECORDED IN THE TUNIS SOUTHERN LAGOON ..., 55-70 DOPOLNJEN SEZNAM VRST RAKOV IZ TUNIŠKE JUŽNE LAGUNE (SEVERNA TUNIZIJA, OSREDNJI MEDITERAN) Khadija OUNIFI BEN AMOR, Mohamed Mourad BEN AMOR Laboratoire de Biodiversité, Biotechnologie et Changements Climatiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis Tunisie. Jamila BEN SOUISSI Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, cité Mahrajène 1082, Tunis Tunisie. e-mail: ounifikhadija@yahoo.com POVZETEK V okviru raziskav po posegu okoljskega restavriranja Tuniške južne lagune so avtorji popisali 44 vrst rakov iz 27 družin, med katerimi je bilo 19 vrst rakov deseteronožcev, 11 vrst rakov enakonožcev, 10 vrst postranic, 3 vrste rakov vitičnjakov in ena vrsta morskih bogomolk. Med temi 44 vrstami je bilo 31 samoniklih in 13 tujerodnih. Šest vrst je bilo na obravnavanem območju prvič zabeleženih. 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A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part 2. Introduction trends and pathways. Medi. Mar. Sci., 13(2), 328352. 70 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Original scientific article DOI 10.19233/ASHN.2016.9 Received: 2016-03-30 CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA) Neža GREGORIČ Novo naselje 1d, 6276 Pobegi, e-mail: neza.gregoric@gmail.com Andrej SOVINC University of Primorska, Titov trg 4, 6000 Koper, e-mail: andrej.sovinc@guest.arnes.si ABSTRACT In 2015, breeding bird census was carried out in the Dragonja River Valley and its results compared with the census implemented there in 1996/97. In contrast to numerous other natural environments that have been thoroughly transformed and fragmented in the last few decades, a significant increase of the total number of breeding pairs with regard to the initial situation has been noted in the area under consideration. The species that reached the greatest degree of dominance remained the same throughout the observation period (Blackbird (Turdus merulaj, Blackcap (Sylvia atricapillaj, Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchosj, Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs^. Several new species were recorded as well, predominantly those characteristic of mature forests. Numbers of pairs are rising also in the great majority of cultural landscape species, forest species and generalists. The obtained results show that the Dragonja Valley plays an exceptionally significant role in the preservation of the endangered bird species' populations. Key words: Dragonja, sub-Mediterranean, bird census, conservation guidelines, land-use changes, secondary succession CAMBIAMENTI IN COMPOSIZIONE ED ABBONDANZA DELLE SPECIE DI UCCELLI NELLA VALLE DEL DRAGOGNA (SLOVENIA SUD-OCCIDENTALE) SINTESI Nel 2015 è stato eseguito un censimento delle specie nidificanti nella valle del fiume Dragogna e i risultati sono stati confrontati con quelli del censimento effettuato nel periodo 1996/97. In confronto a numerosi altri ambienti naturali che sono stati trasformati e frammentati negli ultimi decenni, è stato osservato nella zona in esame un aumento significativo del numero totale di coppie nidificanti. Le specie che hanno raggiunto il massimo grado di domi-nanza sono rimaste lo stesse durante tutto il periodo di osservazione: il merlo (Turdus merula), la capinera (Sylvia atricapilla), l'usignolo (Luscinia megarhynchos), ed il fringuello (Fringilla coelebs). Diverse nuove specie sono state registrate nell'area, prevalentemente quelle caratteristiche delle foreste mature. Il numero di coppie è in aumento anche nella maggioranza delle specie del paesaggio culturale, di quelle forestali e dei generalisti. I risultati ottenuti dimostrano che la valle del Dragogna svolge un ruolo particolarmente significativo nella conservazione delle popo-lazioni di specie di uccelli in via di estinzione. Parole chiave: Dragogna, area sub-mediterranea, censimento di uccelli, linee guida di conservazione, cambiamenti nell'uso del suolo, successione secondaria 71 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neza GREGORIC & Andrej SOVINC: CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA), 71-82 INTRODUCTION With the undreamed-of development of mass tourism as well as construction of residential buildings and infrastructure closely associated with these activities in most Mediterranean countries after World War II, natural and landscape-worthy areas have been rapidly disappearing in their coastal zones. In this respect, the Dragonja Valley in Slovenian Istria is something very special indeed, considering that it has managed to avoid agricultural intensification and watercourse regulation as well as great infrastructural and construction projects (Križan, 2002). Until the first few decades of the 20th century, the Dragonja Valley had the characteristic image of the mosaic cultural landscape, which was in fact prevalent all over Istria. People inhabited villages and hamlets, making a living out of agriculture and livestock farming, as well as grain grinding in the characteristic mills on the Dragonja River. At the bottom of the valley, small fields, vineyards, plantations, orchards and pastures prevailed, whereas slopes were overgrown by mixed forests. After World War I, and especially World War II, people gradually abandoned agricultural production owing to its unprofitability and began to emigrate. Former arable plots, including the characteristic terraces with stone supporting walls, began to be overgrown with vegetation. Globevnik et al. (1995, 1999) ascertained that in 1971 22% of the Dragonja catchment was overgrown by forests, and no less than 62% in 1994; the surface area of meadows and pastures was reduced by 30% between 1971 and 1994. Arable land was reduced by one fifth. More rain water in the Dragonja River catchment than in old times is used for the growth of tree and shrub vegetation, which means that the water flow into the river is smaller as well (Globevnik, 1999). In turn, this causes lower annual flow rates on average in the Dragonja River (Globevnik et al., 1995). In the valley, birds have been systematically surveyed from the mid-1980s (Gregori, 1987). There followed the surveys in 1996/97 (Sovinc, 1998), 2012 (Gregorič, 2013) and 2015 (this work). The results are highly significant if we wish to understand the importance of conservation of the last few natural or nature-like areas in the coastal strip and to designate appropriate conservation regime needed to retain favourable conservation status for species and habitats in these sanctuaries. The key characteristics of composition and abundance of birds in the area under consideration along the Dragonja River during the survey conducted by Gregori in 1986 (Gregori, 1987) and results of the census implemented in 1996/97 by Sovinc (1998) can be summarized in the following: - The total number of registered species did not change, although there is a slight difference in composition of the registered species; Gregori, for example, registered some bird species that have not been confirmed as breeding species in 1996/97 or at a later date (Little Bittern (Ixobrychus minutus), Tree Pipit (Anthus trivialis), Stonechat (Saxicola rubicola), Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) and Jackdaw (Corvus monedula)). - The surveys in 1996 and 1997 confirmed the newly established species in the survey area, i.e.: Sparrow-hawk (Accipiter nisus), Collared Dove (Streptopelia de-caocto), Hoopoe (Upupa epops), Mistle Thrush (Turdus viscivorus), Sardinian Warbler (Sylvia melanocephala), Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) and Corn Bunting (Miliaria calandra). Some species frequented the municipal waste landfill at Dragonja (but did not breed there), which is no longer functional, with Yellow-legged Gulls (Larus michahellis), Black-headed Gulls (Chroicocephalus ri-dibundus) and Hooded Crow (Corvus cornix) among them. - The greatest rise in the number of breeding pairs in comparison with the previous survey by Gregori (1986) was recorded for Turtle Dove (Streptopelia tur-tur), Greenfinch (Chloris chloris), Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) and Woodlark (Lullula arborea), while Rock Bunting (Emberiza cia) was the only species for which a negative abundance trend was recorded between 1986 and 1996/97. - Sovinc (1998) terminates the comparison with preliminary survey from 1986 with his conclusion that the abundance of most of the species of cultural landscape, forest-shrubland and populated areas in the area under consideration along the Dragonja River has increased. The aim of this study is to discuss changes in the avifauna of the area as a result of changes in the land use patterns. Based on this analyses and evaluation of the conservation importance of the area, we would like to propose some management recommendations for the future land use, essential to safeguard favourable ecological conditions for the bird communities in the Dragonja valley. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study area The Dragonja Valley covers 95 km2 and is situated in the extreme south-western part of Slovenia along the border with Croatia. The Dragonja River has numerous tributaries and is 30 km long. It flows in east to west direction and drains into Piran Bay. Between the deep ravines which are cut in the flysch substratum, plateau-like hills are rising, on which hamlets and villages have developed in the past (Orožen-Adamič, 1979; Križan, 2002). The entire area of Slovenian Istria, including the Dragonja Valley, is under the influence of sub-Mediterranean climate. Precipitation is evenly distributed all year round, with distinct dry and wet periods. The peak is reached in the autumn months and in early summer (May and June). The least rainfall is recorded during the transition season between winter and spring (from 72 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neza GREGORIC & Andrej SOVINC: CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA), 71-82 January to April) and in peak summer months. Average January temperatures oscillate between 0°C and 4°C, while average July temperatures vary between 19°C and 22°C (Ogrin, 1995). The Dragonja area belongs to the sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region (Wraber, 1969). Owing to the cold flysch substratum, which is impermeable to water, no true evergreen Mediterranean plants thrive in the valley, but only thermophilous deciduous vegetation. Here, the association of Hop-Hornbeam and Downy Oak (Os-tryo-Quercetum pubescentis) predominates (Kaligarič, 1997). A primary natural vegetation (Seslerio-Quer-cetum) is well preserved (Križan, 2002). Shady slopes of the valley are covered by Hornbeam stands (Carpi-nus betulus), while drier and thermophilous slopes are overgrown by Oriental Hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis). Quite common as far as trees are concerned, are Manna Ash (Fraxinus ornus) and Field Maple (Acer campestre) (Kaligarič, 1997). At the bottom of the valley and along the water we can find individual poplars (Populus sp.), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), willows (Salix sp.), maples (Acer sp.) and minor complexes of reed (Phrag-mites sp., Arundo donax), which are to a great extent overgrown by shrubs (Gregori, 2002). Shrub species are predominated by Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) and English Hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha), which thrive especially in the Dragonja's hinterland. Some smaller areas are covered by grasslands (Kaligarič, 1997). Limestone islets (Sv. Štefan and Stena) are home to eu-Med-iterranean plants, e.g. Holm Oak (Quercus ilex), Broad-leaved Phyllirea (Phyllirea latifolia), Yellow Germander (Teucrium flavum), etc. (Kaligarič, 1997; Wraber, 2002). Amongst cultural plants, Common Grape Vine (Vitis vi-nifera), Common Olive (Olea europea) and various fruit trees prevail. Field methods The survey was carried out according to the point count method at transect length with 23 count points some 500 metres apart, as was in the years 1996/97 (So-vinc, 1998). The survey route was approximately 10.5 km long (Fig. 1). This method has been used at the time of the first census in 1986 (Gregori, 1987) and used all surveys that followed in order to enable best possible comparision of results obtained. Owing to certain indistinctness's in the interpretation of some data and count points from 1986 (Gregori, 1987), we decided to take the 1996/97 survey (Sovinc, 1998) as the initial survey for the comparison of composition and abundance trends in the Dragonja Valley. Birds were identified mainly through their singing and calls. At each point, listening time lasted five minutes (DOPPS, 2006). In 2015, three field days were conducted, each time in the months of May and June. Surveys lasted from early morning till mid-day, when birds are most active. Every singing male was treated as a breeding pair. At all times, the highest of the values at the same point of registered singing males or breeding pairs was taken into consideration. Surveys did not take place during the night which explains absence of some potential night species, like owls. Determination of the extent of habitat types is based on the estimate of phytogeographical and vegetation Fig. 1: Transect of the survey with count points (Source: adapted from Google maps: https://www.google.si/maps). Sl.1: Transekt popisa s števnimi mesti (Vir: prirejeno po Google maps: https://www.google.si/maps). 73 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neza GREGORIC & Andrej SOVINC: CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA), 71-82 characteristics, rate of overgrowth and land use; it was already Gregori (1987) who surveyed habitat types along the Dragonja River in the same manner, merging them into four groups: urban (residential buildings and other built up areas), vineyards, open areas (meadows, fields with trees, bushes and plantations in between, and overgrown areas (forest and scrubland). At each count point, the share of separate habitat type was estimated. Shares of habitat presence are given in %. Data analysis From collected data, the species dominance index (DOM) was calculated, which indicated relative frequency of the species in association (Tome, 2006). The dominance index was calculated according to the formula: D = as x 100 (%) where a is the number of territorial males of species recorded along the entire transect, and S is a total number of all bird species records on the census spot (transect). A species is dominant when its index is at least 5%, and subdominant when its index oscillates between 2 and 5% (Tarman, 1992). Index for separate species (POV index) was calculated in the survey covering the years 1996/97 (Sovinc, 1998) and calculated again for the year of 2015 to enable accurate comparison of results. The index smaller than 100 indicates a reduction of pair numbers in the area under consideration with regard to the initial year, whereas index greater than 100 indicates an increase of pairs. Indicator bird species for groups were also stipulated: generalists, cultural landscape species, forest species, shrubland and grassland species. The indicator species were designated on the basis of report entitled Monitoring of generally distributed bird species to determine Slovenian index of agricultural landscape bird species (Kmecl et al., 2014a). For the evaluation of changes in number of breeding pairs of recorded bird species between 1996/97 and 2015, a Chi-square test was used. Test was not applied for the recorded species, which do not breed in the studied area. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Numbers of probable and certain breeders During the census carried out in the breeding season in the Dragonja Valley in 2015, 63 species were recorded, 57 of which are probable and certain breeders (Appendix 1). By 2015, the number of breeding bird species increased from the initial situation in the 1996/97 by 14 (Nuthatch (Sitta europaea), Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos), Black Woodpecker (Dryocopus martius), Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus), Raven (Corvus corax), Tawny Owl (Strix aluco), Lesser Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos minor), Nightjar (Caprimul-gus europaeus), Marsh Tit (Poecile palustris), Short-toed Treecreeper (Certhia brachydactyla), Fan-tailed Warbler (Cisticola juncidis), Great Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus), Grey-headed woodpecker (Picus canus) and Spanish Sparrow (Passer hispaniolensis)). Regarding the latter this is, to the best of our knowledge, the first confirmed breeding in Slovenian Istria (DOPPS, 2016). The majority of newly established breeders belong to the group of forest species, especially species of mature forest. In the last few decades, the areas overgrown with shrubs and young trees along the Dragonja River have gradually transformed into mature forests, where the share of undergrowth has been noted, which in fact explains the arrival of the already mentioned forest specialists. In the last three years, especially cultural landscape species reappeared in the area under consideration, while Great Reed Warbler and Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) are closely associated with water habitats. The Kingfisher's breeding in the dug burrow in the Dragon-ja's bank has not been confirmed, as the river ran dry in the summer at that section, which could indicate that the breeding attempt ended unsuccessfully. Breeding of both species was confirmed in this area before (Geister, 1995). As already established by Gregoric (2013), Hooded Crow has disappeared from the list of Dragonja Valley breeders in the last few decades. In contrast, its population has increased significantly in urban areas as well as settlements in the vicinity of the area observed (Senic, 2015). Among the local breeders, no Collared Dove pair was registered in 2015 in the village of Dragonja, the same as Rock Bunting, which was no longer registered during the last censuses along the Dragonja River, we can once more write that this species most probably does not breed here anymore. In 2015, at least four bird species were registered, for which no confirmation of their potential breeding could be established although they were observed in the time of the breeding period and in suitable breeding habitats; so these four species were not added to the list of Dragonja Valley breeders. These are Bee-eater (Merops apiaster), Calandra Lark (Melanocorypha calandra), Whinchat (Saxicola rubetra) and Yellow Wagtail (Motacilla flava). Yellow-legged Gulls and Swifts (Apus apus) observed along the Dragonja River only feed here and breed outside the area discussed so they are not included on the list of breeding species. At the time when we are daily faced with alarming data on decline in abundance and local disappearance of bird species, a glimpse at the number of the birds' breeding pairs along the Dragonja River is very pleasing indeed. Such a result is no doubt the consequence of various factors: in the last few decades, no great environmentally harmful and destructive encroachments 74 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neza GREGORIC & Andrej SOVINC: CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA), 71-82 Fig. 2: Shares of habitat types (in %) between 1996/97 and 2015 - urban area, vineyards, open and overgrown areas. Sl.2: Deleži habitatnih tipov: urbano okolje, vinogradi, odprta in zaraščena območja (v %) v letih 1996/97 in leta 2015. upon space have taken place in the Dragonja Valley. Predominantly tarmac road still leads through the valley, which limits the density of motor traffic. Along the survey route no new constructions or large infrastructural investments can be seen. No areas where exploitation of natural resources in industrial manner (e.g. major felling of woods) would be carried out have been designated and no ambitious changes in land use made. Our own observations show relatively small estimates in land use change (Fig. 2). Changes in degree of dominance The details regarding the degree of dominance for separate species are shown in Appendix 1. During all three surveys along the Dragonja River four species were among the dominant ones, i.e. Blackbird (Turdus mer-ula), Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos), Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) and Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla). From the initial census in 1996/97, however, the degree of the birds' dominance - with the exception of Blackbird - has been reduced till this day. Increase in the share of subdominant species from the initial census is evident as well; in 1996/97, 9 species were subdominant, while in 2015 their number reached 13 species. Among subdominant and even dominant species in a separate census were always the following species: Serin (Seri-nus serinus), Melodious Warbler (Hippolais polyglotta), Golden oriole (Oriolus oriolus), Cirl Bunting (Emberiza cirlus), Blue Tit (Cyanistes caeruleus), Great Tit (Parus major) and Turtle Dove. Song Thrush, as a newly established breeder in 2012 (Gregoric, 2013), immediately appeared as a subdominant species. The rise in dominance degree has been lately registered particularly in the species characteristic of open Fig. 3: Number of generalist pairs in 1996/97 (grey column) and 2015 (black column). Significance of Chi2 test on the differences between 1996/97 and 2015 is marked with *: p = 0.02. Sl. 3: Število parov generalistov v letih 1996/97 (sivi stolpiči) in 2015 (črni stolpiči). Statistično značilne razlike med leti 1996/97 in 2015 so bile izračunane s testom hi-kvadrat in so označene z *: p = 0,02. cultural landscape with trees and bushes (e.g. Red-backed Shrike (Lanuis collurio), Pheasant (Phasanius colchicus)) and the species inhabiting wooded areas bordering on open landscape with rarer trees and bushes (e.g. Blue Tit, Greenfinch, Turtle Dove, Jay (Garrulus glandarius), Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)). Generalists Among generalists in the area under consideration are, quite expectedly, the species that also predominate with degree of dominance, such as Blackbird, Blackcap, Chaffinch as well as Great Tit, Blue Tit and Greenfinch. Numbers of pairs of the above mentioned species statistically significantly increased (%2, p=0.02), with the exception of Blackcap and Chaffinch (Fig. 3). Most conspicuous amongst generalists is the Pied Wagtail (Motacilla alba) owing to the great statistical significantly increase (%2, p=0.02) of its recorded pairs; from a single pair recorded in 1996/97, the number of this species' pairs rose to no less than 29 by 2015. In the Dragonja Valley, the Pied Wagtail is not closely linked only to the village of Dragonja and to the nearness of water, but it also breeds along fields and meadows in the entire valley. In Slovenia, a modest decline has been generally noted for this species (Kmecl et al., 2014a). Cultural landscape species Among cultural landscape indicator species, increase of numbers of pairs is mostly noted (Fig. 4). During the 1996/97 surveys, only individual Hoopoes, Starlings and Wrynecks (lynx torquilla) were recorded. The num- 75 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neza GREGORIC & Andrej SOVINC: CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA), 71-82 Fig. 4: Number of pairs of cultural landscape species in 1996/97 (grey column) and 2015 (black column). Significance of Chi2 test on the differences between 1996/97 and 2015 is marked with *: p = 0.02. Sl. 4: Število parov vrst iz kulturne krajine v letih 1996/97 (sivi stolpiči) in 2015 (črni stolpiči). Statistično značilne razlike med leti 1996/97 in 2015 so bile izračunane s testom hi-kvadrat in so označene z *: p = 0,02. bers of these species pairs have statistically significal-ly increased (x2, p=0.02) along the Dragonja River in the last few years, which is very pleasing indeed, given that the above mentioned species, with the exception of Starling, are highly endangered in Slovenia, where their populations are rapidly declining (Kmecl et al., 2014a). In 1996/97, only a single pair of Green Woodpeckers (Picus viridis) was registered, while in 2015, 9 individuals were recorded. Very pleasing are the statistically significant rising numbers of pairs (x2, p=0.02) and satisfactorily large breeding densities also in other elsewhere in Slovenia endangered species, such as Red-backed Shrike and Turtle Dove (Red List of Breeding Birds of the Republic of Slovenia, 2002), which are experiencing moderate or sharp decline (Kmecl et al., 2014a). Also, number of Cirl Bunting pairs, in Slovenia endangered species (Red List of Breeding Birds of the Republic of Slovenia, 2002) have increased by 14. The only indicator species of cultural landscape, the abundance of which has statistically significantly declined (x2, p=0,02) in the last few years in the area along the Dragonja River, is Tree Sparrow (Passer mon-tanus). In the valley, this bird is closely attached to the environs of individual secluded farms. Quite sensible for monitoring the trends of this species would be a survey on ridges of the slopes above Dragonja Valley with the characteristic densely packed settlements. Grassland species A look at the numbers of grassland species' pairs is encouraging, although some oscillations are noticeable. The number of Wryneck and Green Woodpecker statis- Fig. 5: Number of grassland species pairs in 1996/97 (grey column) and 2015 (black column). Significance of Chi2 test on the differences between 1996/97 and 2015 is marked with *: p = 0.02. Sl. 5: Število parov travniških vrst v letih 1996/97 (sivi stolpiči) in 2015 (črni stolpiči). Statistično značilne razlike med leti 1996/97 in 2015 so bile izračunane s testom hi-kvadrat in so označene z *: p = 0,02. tically significantly increased (x2, p=0.02), while Corn Bunting decreased by one pair (from 16 to 15). Wood-larks numbers of pairs increased from 14 to 17 pairs (Fig. 5). Grassland species are otherwise considered one of the most endangered groups of birds in Slovenia (Kmecl et al., 2014a, b). Shrubland species There are only two species in this group: Melodious Warbler and Sardinian Warbler (Fig. 6). We are dealing with them separately as shrubland species, given that they are distinctly attached to bush stands during the breeding season and do not look for food outside these stands (in contrast to, for example, Red-backed Shrike, which breeds in bushes from where it lurks for prey, after which it flies into more open landscape). The number of recorded singing Melodious Warbler males fell from the initial count in 1996/97 (50 pairs) to 38 pairs in 2015. Even greater statistically significant decline (x2, p=0.02) was noted in Sardinian Warbler, which is here distinctly attached to breeding sites in the stands of Spanish Broom (Spartium junceum). The decline of Sardinian Warbler's abundance (11 pairs during the initial census, and only 3 pairs in 2015) can be associated with the increasingly smaller stands of this plant. In the past, people systematically grew Spanish Broom in Istria and used its stems for tying their products (M. Kaligarič, pers. comm.). Today, the plant is hardly still utilized for this purpose, and is not grown by farmers any longer. In the competition for space with other species, which are characteristic of the first phases of natural succession, the Spanish Broom is least successful. It seems, therefore, that the Sardinian 76 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neza GREGORIC & Andrej SOVINC: CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA), 71-82 Fig. 6: Number of shrubland species pairs in 1996/97 (grey column) and 2015 (black column). Significance of Chi2 test on the differences between 1996/97 and 2015 is marked with *: p = 0.02. Sl. 6: Število parov grmovnih vrst v letih 1996/97 (sivi stolpiči) in 2015 (črni stolpiči). Statistično značilne razlike med leti 1996/97 in 2015 so bile izračunane s testom hi-kvadrat in so označene z *: p = 0,02. Warbler is becoming increasingly rare in the Dragonja Valley for these very reasons. Forest species During the analysis of the number of registered species we wrote that forest species have predominated among new species in Dragonja Valley in the last decade and a half, particularly those that favour mature forest and are not attached to thick undergrowth characteristic of the early succession phases. A statistically significant increase (x2, p=0.02) of abundance of other forest species is noticeable as well, including Jay, Golden Oriole, Mistle Thrush and - particularly in the last three years - Hawfinch (Coccothraustes coc-cothraustes) (Fig. 7). A similar increase in the number of this species has also been noted in the last year by I. Škornik (pers. comm.) in the section where the river drains into the sea. Among forest indicator species, the number of Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita) pairs has decreased from 22 to 15. As the bird is not characteristic of dry and hot areas, it is more abundant mainly along the upper and somewhat colder parts of the Dragonja River. It would certainly be interesting to establish how the species reacts, in the area under consideration, to influences associated with climate change. In Slovenia as a whole, a moderate decline of this species has been noted (Kmecl et al., 2014a). In comparison to similar study in the Southern France, where increase of woodland species due to rural abandonment and secondary succession was detected (Preiss et al., 1997) the extent of woodland areas in the Dragonja valley is not increasing dramatically in the last time (Fig. 2), which enables favourable ecological conditions for both woodland and open habitat species. Fig. 7: Number of forest species pairs in 1996/97 (grey column) and 2015 (black column). Significance of Chi2 test on the differences between 1996/97 and 2015 is marked with *: p = 0.02. Sl. 7: Število parov gozdnih vrst v letih 1996/97 (sivi stolpiči) in 2015 (črni stolpiči). Statistično značilne razlike med leti 1996/97 in 2015 so bile izračunane s testom hi-kvadrat in so označene z *: p = 0,02. CONCLUSIONS The systematic survey of composition and abundance of birds in the Dragonja Valley, carried out in accordance with the comparable and recognized method in 1996/97, serves as initial situation for comparisons and identification of changes in bird fauna. This paper presents the results of the breeding bird census implemented in 2015. The number of the registered birds' breeding pairs increased by 64% in the period from 1996/97 to 2015. The majority of new species are the characteristic representatives of forest birds, particularly those inhabiting mature forests. This is not surprising at all, considering that the Dragonja Valley has been for almost a century subjected to overgrowing of arable land owing to people leaving the area and abandonment of traditional land use. The extent of woodland areas in the Dragonja valley is not increasing dramatically in the last time, which enables favourable ecological conditions for both woodland and open habitat species. The species that reached the greatest degree of dominance remained the same throughout the observation period (Blackbird, Blackcap, Chaffinch). However, the degree of their dominance - with the exception of Blackbird - has changed to a certain extent. At the same time, the number of subdominant species has risen. Number of pairs increased also in the great majority of cultural landscape species, forest species and gen-eralists. Among the species with large increase in their populations are elsewhere in Slovenia highly endangered species, such as Red-backed Shrike, Hoopoe, Wryneck, Green Woodpecker, Turtle Dove and others (Red List of 77 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neza GREGORIC & Andrej SOVINC: CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA), 71-82 Breeding Birds of the Republic of Slovenia, 2002). Only a few species suffered a decline in their numbers, such as Sardinian Warbler, Melodious Warbler (both shrubland species), Tree Sparrow and Rock Bunting. The obtained results show that the Dragonja Valley, where no extensive fragmentation has taken place, plays an exceptionally significant role in the preservation of the endangered bird species' populations. It should thus be necessary to suitably protect the valley and to manage it as a nature reserve, where more effort would be invested in the preservation of conditions for the survival of endangered species and creation of conditions for stable populations of these bird species than to looking for opportunities for sustainable use and exploitation of natural resources. In practice this means that reckless and ambitious changing of current landscape image into an area of industrial production of crops, vegetables, vineyards and plantations with resulting changes in the manner of production (e.g. irrigation systems, fertilization, land consolidation, removal of hedgerows, early mowing, intensive grazing etc.) could have very similar negative consequences for the conservation of populations of most endangered bird species as would be imposed by industrial, infrastructural or urban land use in the valley. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In the 2015 survey, Dare Šere who conducted the first systematic bird survey in this valley, also took part. For his contribution, we wish to express our cordial thanks. Special thanks also to Primož Kmecl, for suggestions on the presentation of results and assistance in statistical evaluation of the results. 78 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neza GREGORIC & Andrej SOVINC: CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA), 71-82 SPREMEMBE V SESTAVI IN ŠTEVILČNOSTI PTIČJIH VRST V DOLINI REKE DRAGONJE (JZ SLOVENIJA) Neža GREGORIČ Novo naselje 1d, 6276 Pobegi, e-mail: neza.gregoric@gmail.com Andrej SOVINC Univerza na Primorskem, Titov trg 4, 6000 Koper, e-mail: andrej.sovinc@guest.arnes.si POVZETEK V dolini reke Dragonje smo v letu 2015 opravili cenzus ptic gnezdilk in primerjali rezultate raziskave s cenzusom iz let 1996/97. V nasprotju z mnogimi drugimi naravnimi območji, ki so bila v zadnjih desetletjih fragmentirana ali povsem preoblikovana, beležimo na obravnavanem območju občutno povečanje skupnega števila gnezdečih parov glede na izhodiščno stanje. Vrste, ki dosegajo največjo stopnjo dominance, so skozi vso opazovalno obdobje enake (kos (Turdus merulaj, črnoglavka (Sylvia atricapillaj, slavec (Luscinia megarhynchosj, ščinkavec (Fringilla coe-lebsjj. Ugotovljeno je bilo tudi več novih vrst, predvsem tistih, ki so značilne za zrele gozdove. Tudi pri veliki večini vrst kulturne krajine, pri gozdnih vrstah in generalistih je število parov naraslo v primerjavi z izhodiščnim letom. Zbrani rezultati kažejo, da ima dolina Dragonje izredno pomembno vlogo pri ohranjanju populacij ogroženih vrst ptic. Ključne besede: Dragonja, sub-Mediteran, cenzus ptic, varstvene usmeritve, spremembe rabe tal, sekundarna sukcesija 79 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neza GREGORIC & Andrej SOVINC: CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA), 71-82 REFERENCES DOPPS (2006): Strokovne podlage za določitev slovenskega indeksa ptic kmetijske krajine (Farmland Bird Index) in njegovo spremljanje - Končno poročilo. DOPPS, Ljubljana, 107 p. DOPPS (2016): Atlas ptic. [http://atlas.ptice.si/atlas/ index.php?r=site/page&view=about], 26/04/2016 Geister I. (1995): Ornitološki atlas Slovenije: razširjenost gnezdilk. DZS, Ljubljana, 287 p. Globevnik, L. (1999): Analiza sprememb rabe tal, hidrološkega režima in erozijskih procesov v porečju Dragonje, Annales, Ser. hist. nat., 9, 51-62. Globevnik, L., A. Sovinc & R. Fazarinc (1995): Erosion and Land Degradation of the Dragonja in Slovenian Mediterranean. In: Conference on Erosion and Land Degradation in the Mediterranean: International Geographical Union. Aveiro, Portugal, pp. 105-114. Google (2015): Google maps. [https://www.google. si/maps], 04/12/2015. Gregori, J. (1987): Pomen ptičev za naravovarstveno presojo doline Dragonje, Proteus, 49, 224-226. Gregori, J. (2002): Ptiči doline Dragonje, njihove ekološke značilnosti in vprašanja varstva, Varstvo narave, 19, 77-88. Gregorič, N. (2013): Spremembe favne ptic in ključnih habitatnih tipov med leti 1996/1997 in 2012 kot orodje za načrtovanje predlaganega Krajinskega parka Dragonja. UP FAMNIT, Koper, 37 pp. Kaligarič, M. (1997): Rastlinstvo Primorskega krasa in Slovenske Istre: travniki in pašniki. Zgodovinsko društvo za južno Primorsko, Koper, 111 p. Kmecl, P., J. Figelj & T. Jančar (2014a): Monitoring splošno razširjenih vrst ptic za določitev slovenskega indeksa ptic kmetijske krajine - poročilo za leto 2014. DOPPS, Ljubljana, 269 p. Kmecl, P., T. Jančar & T. Mihelič (2014b): Spremembe v avifavni Kozjanskega parka med letoma 1999 in 2010: velik upad števila travniških ptic. Acrocephalus, 35, 125-138. Križan, B. (2002): Naravna in kulturna dediščina doline Dragonje, Varstvo narave 19, 9-41. Ogrin, D. (1995): Podnebje Slovenske Istre. Zgodovinsko društvo za južno Primorsko, Koper, 381 p. Orožen-Adamič, M. O. (1979): Geografske značilnosti poplavnega sveta ob Dragonji in Drnici. Geografski zbornik XIX, 1979. Preiss, E., J.-L. Martin & M. Debussche (1997): Rural depopulation and recent landscape changes in a Mediterranean region: Consequences to the breeding avifauna, Landscape Ecology 12, 51-61. Rdeči seznam ptičev gnezdilcev Republike Slovenije (2002): Uradni list Republike Slovenije, št. 82/2002, p. 8893. [https://www.uradni-list.si/1/content?id=38615], 18/1/2016. Senič, M. (2015): Vpliv plenilcev na gnezdeče populacije male (Sternula albifrons) in navadne (Sterna hirun-do) čigre v Krajinskem parku Sečoveljske soline. UP FAMNIT, Koper, 58 pp. Sovinc, A. (1998): Ptice doline Dragonje - deset let kasneje, Annales, Ser. hist. nat., 13, 81-90. Tarman, K. (1992): Osnove ekologije in ekologija živali. Državna založba Slovenije, Ljubljana, 547 p. Tome, D. (2006): Ekologija: Organizmi v prostoru in času. Tehniška založba Slovenije, Ljubljana, 344 p. Wraber, M. (1969): Pflanzengeographische Stellung und Gliederung Sloweniens, Vegetatio 17, 176-199. Wraber, T. (2002): Rastlinski svet doline Dragonje v naravovarstvenem pogledu, Varstvo narave 19, 43-51. 80 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neza GREGORIC & Andrej SOVINC: CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA), 71-82 Appendix 1: List of surveyed bird species and numbers of their pairs in 1996/97 and 2015, comparison of number of pairs between 1996/97 and 2015 by a Chi2 test (p = 0.02), Index POV and degree of dominance in 1996/97 and 2015. Priloga 1: Seznam opaženih vrst ptic in število njihovih parov v letih 1996/97 in 2015, primerjava med pari v letih 1996/97 in 2015 z uporabo testa hi-kvadrat (p = 0,02) ter indeks POV in stopnja dominance v omenjenih letih. Serial No. English name Latin name No. of pairs Chi2 test Index POV Degree of dominance (%) 1996/97 2015 1996/97 2015 1996/97 2015 1 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica 7 21 0.0082 100 B00 0.9 1.7 2 Bee-eater Merops apiaster 0 7* 0.0 0.6 B Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius 0 2 0.157B 0.0 0.2 4 Blackbird Turdus merula 68 126 0.0000 100 185 9.0 9.9 5 Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla 81 92 0.40B0 100 114 10.7 7.2 6 Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus 19 B4 0.0B94 100 179 2.5 2.7 7 Calandra Lark Melanocorypha calandra 0 2* 0.0 0.2 8 Cetti's Warbler Cettia cetti 8 1 0.0196 100 12 1.1 0.1 9 Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs 64 75 03508 100 117 8.5 5.9 10 Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita 22 15 0.2498 100 68 2.9 1.2 11 Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirlus B2 46 0.1129 100 144 4.2 B.6 12 Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto 1 0 0317B 100 0 0.1 0.0 n Common Buzzard Buteo buteo 6 6 1.0000 100 100 0.8 0.5 14 Corn Bunting Miliaria calandra 16 15 0.8575 100 94 2.1 1.2 15 Cuckoo Cuculus canorus H 41 0.0001 100 B15 1.7 B.2 16 Fan-tailed Warbler Cisticola juncidis 0 2 0.157B 0.0 0.2 17 Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus 24 61 0.0001 100 254 B.2 4.8 18 Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis 7 12 0.251B 100 171 0.9 0.9 19 Goshawk Accipiter gentilis 1 0 0317B 0.1 0.0 20 Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus 0 1 0317B 0.0 0.1 21 Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major H 16 0.5775 100 12B 1.7 13 22 Great Tit Parus major B9 61 0.0278 100 156 5.2 4.8 2B Green Woodpecker Picus viridis 1 9 0.0114 100 900 0.1 0.7 24 Greenfinch Chloris chloris 15 B2 0.0H1 100 21B 1.9 2.5 25 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea 2 5 0.2568 100 250 03 0.4 26 Grey-headed woodpecker Picus canus 0 1 0317B 0.0 0.1 27 Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes 4 B4 0.0000 100 850 0.5 2.7 28 Hobby Falco subbuteo 0 1* 0.0 0.1 29 Hooded Crow Corvus cornix 1* 0 0.1 0.0 B0 Hoopoe Upupa epops 1 18 0.0001 100 1800 0.1 1.4 House Sparrow Passer domesticus 16 20 0.5050 100 125 2.1 1.6 B2 Jay Garrulus glandarius 9 29 0.0012 100 B22 1.2 2 3 81 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Neza GREGORIC & Andrej SOVINC: CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE IN DRAGONJA VALLEY (SW SLOVENIA), 71-82 33 Kingfisher Alcedo atthis 0 2* 0.0 0.2 34 Lesser Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos minor 0 1 0.3173 0.0 0.1 35 Long-tailed Tit Aeghitalos caudatus 10 B 0.63 74 100 B0 1.3 0.6 36 Magpie Pica pica 1 1 1.0000 100 100 0.1 0.1 37 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 0 7 0.00B2 0.0 0.6 3B Marsh Tit Poecile palustris 0 1 0.3173 0.0 0.1 39 Melodious Warbler Hippolais polyglotta 50 3B 0.200B 100 76 6.6 3.0 40 Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus 1 1B 0.0001 100 1B00 0.1 1.4 41 Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos 73 B2 0.4697 100 112 9.7 6.5 42 Nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus 0 1 0.3173 0.0 0.1 43 Nuthatch Sitta europaea 0 2 0.1573 0.0 0.2 44 Pheasant Phasanius colchicus 9 3B 0.0000 100 422 1.2 3.0 45 Pied Wagtail Motacilla alba 1 29 0.0000 100 2900 0.1 2.3 46 Raven Corvus corax 0 1 0.3173 0.0 0.1 47 Red-backed Shrike Lanuis collurio 10 43 0.0000 100 430 1.3 3.4 4B Robin Erithacus rubecula 7 16 0.0606 100 229 0.9 1.3 49 Rock Bunting Emberiza cia B 0 0.0047 100 0 1.1 0.0 50 Sardinian Warbler Sylvia melanocephala 11 3 0.0325 100 27 1.5 0.2 51 Serin Serinus serinus 20 22 0.7576 100 110 2.6 1.7 52 Short-toed Treecreeper Certhia brachydactyla 0 B 0.0047 0.0 0.6 53 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos 0 17 0.0000 0.0 1.3 54 Spanish Sparrow Passer hispaniolensis 0 1 0.3173 0.0 0.1 55 Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus 1 1 1.0000 100 100 0.1 0.1 56 Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata 3 9 0.0B33 100 300 0.4 0.7 57 Starling Sturnus vulgaris 3 25 0.0000 100 B33 0.4 1.9 5B Swift Apus apus 7 7 1.0000 100 100 0.9 0.6 59 Tawny Owl Strix aluco 0 1 0.3173 0.0 0.1 60 Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 17 1 0.0002 100 6 2.2 0.1 61 Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur 27 47 0.0201 100 174 3.6 3.7 62 Whinchat Saxicola rubetra 0 1* 0.0 0.1 63 Whitethroat Sylvia communis 10 7 0.4669 100 70 1.3 0.6 64 Woodlark Lullula arborea 14 17 0.5900 100 121 1.9 1.3 65 Woodpigeon Columba palumbus 0 9 0.0027 0.0 0.7 66 Wryneck Jynx torquilla 4 21 0.0007 100 525 0.5 1.7 67 Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava 0 1* 0.0 0.1 No. of species 46 63 No. of breeders 45 57 No. of breeding pairs 755 1243 *Species does not breed 82 SREDOZEMSKE KUKAVIČEVKE ORCHIDEE MEDITERRANEE MEDITERRANEAN ORCHIDS ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 saggio scientifico origínale DOI 10.19233/ASHN.2016.10 ricevuto: 2016-02-03 LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA Amelio PEZZETTA Via Monte Peralba 34 - 34149 Trieste e-mail: fonterossi@libero.it SINTESI La "Provincia" dell'Aquila fa parte della regione Abruzzo. Nel suo territorio vi é un'elevata diversitá floristica che comprende circa 2300-2500, taxa di piante vascolari. In quest'articolo, considerando gli studi condotti, le ricerche sul campo dell'autore e inedite di altri studiosi, é stato compilato un primo elenco di tutte le Orchidaceae presenti, seguito dall'analisi cronologica che mostra una lieve maggioranza del contingente Mediterraneo. Nell'elenco flori-stico sono riportati 86 taxa di cui 16 endemici o subendemici e 7 al limite della loro areale di distribuzione. I dati riportati confermano l'importanza naturalistica del territorio. Parole chiave: Provincia dell'Aquila, Orchidaceae, check-list locale, elementi floristici THE ORCHID FLORA OF THE PROVINCE OF L'AQUILA (ABRUZZO) ABSTRACT The Province of L'Aquila is part of the Abruzzo Region. It features a high floristic diversity comprising 2,300-2,500 taxa of vascular plants. Based on the studies conducted so far, the author's field research and unpublished reports by other researchers, the article presents a preliminary list of all Orchidaceae recorded in the area, followed by a chorological analysis, which shows a slight majority of the Mediterranean contingent. The checklist reports 86 taxa. A total of 16 entities are endemic or subendemic and 7 taxa are present at the limit of their distribution range. This data contributes to confirm the environmental importance of the area. Keywords: Province of L'Aquila, Orchidaceae, local orchid check-list, floristic contingents. 85 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 INTRODUZIONE Con il presente articolo si vuole compilare una Checklist aggiornata delle Orchidaceae segnalate nell'ambito oggetto di studio tenendo conto delle novità tassonomiche e nomenclaturali per ricavarne approfon-dimenti di carattere quantitativo e qualitativo. Inquadramento dell'area d'indagine Il territorio della Provincia dell'Aquila comprende una superficie di 5.035 km2, non ha sbocchi sul mare ed è la meno popolata, più montuosa ed estesa tra le province abruzzesi. Esso è caratterizzato da vari mas-sici montuosi che si dispiegano da NE a SO lungo tre direttrici più o meno parallele. Tra loro, a diversa alti-tudine, si sviluppano conche interne e bacini lacustri pleistocenici molto importanti per l'economia locale: la Valle Peligna, la Conca Aquilana, la Conca del Fucino, l'Altipiano delle Rocche e gli Altipiani Maggiori. Il clima A causa della presenza dei massicci più alti di tutto l'Appennino, del loro particolare orientamento e di al-tri fattori di dettaglio che possono ostacolare o favorire la circolazione delle masse d'aria più o meno umide e variare la durata e intensità dell'esposizione solare, si registrano varie tipologie climatiche. La distribuzione delle precipitazioni è molto variabi-le. Infatti, oscilla da circa 600-700 mm nella valle peligna e nelle conche del Fucino e aquilana a oltre 1500 nei monti esposti ai venti umidi occidentali posti al confine con il Lazio e il Molise. Abbondante è anche la co-pertura nevosa che nell'Altopiano di Campo Imperatore puo durare sino a otto mesi. Per quanto riguarda le temperature si hanno diversi andamenti dei parametri termici in cui i valori minimi si registrano a Campo Imperatore (Baldoni et al., 1999) mentre quelli massimi a Sulmona (Pirone et al., 1997). A tal proposito si osserva quanto segue: - le temperature medie annue oscillano fra 3,7°C e 13,74°C; - la media delle temperature massime è compresa tra 6,4°C e 19,03°C; - la media delle temperature minime è compresa tra 0,9°C e 8,4°C; - i valori assoluti massimi e minimi registrati nell'a-rea sono compresi tra +40°C registrato all'Aquila e -29.7°C registrato la notte del 21 gennaio 2016 a Rivisondoli. Tenendo conto dei particolari andamenti dei parametri termopluviometrici sono individuabili diverse zone climatiche. In particolare, Tomaselli (1973) rileva: - una zona a clima temperato definita ipomesaxe-rica che caratterizza le parti più basse della valle Peligna, la Conca aquilana e la piana del Fucino; - una zona axerica fredda situata posta tra le quote di 900-1200 metri d'altitudine; - una sottoregione temperato-fredda situata ad alti-tudini maggiori; - una sottoregione molto fredda che caratterizza le principali vette dei massicci montuosi oltre 20002200 metri d'altitudine. Flora e vegetazione La bassa densità di popolazione, la presenza di aree incolte, la rilevante escursione altimetrica e le varietà microclimatiche, geomorfologiche e pedologiche por-tano alla formazione di habitat diversi e di grande interesse naturalistico in cui si sviluppano forme di vita vegetale e animale caratterizzate da entità rare. Per que-sti motivi parte del territorio provinciale è compreso: nel Parco regionale del Sirente-Velino; nei tre Parchi Nazionali della Majella, del Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga e, d'Abruzzo, Lazio e Molise; nelle riserve naturali di Zompo lo Schioppo, del Lago di Campotosto, delle Grotte di Pietrasecca, delle Gole di San Venanzio, del Monte Salviano e, del Monte Genzana e alto Gizio. Nel complesso le aree protette esclusive della Provincia ammontano a circa 13068 ha cui devono aggiungersi quelle dei tre Parchi Nazionali compresi anche in altre Province e/o Regioni. Le formazioni vegetali sono anche il risultato dei modi con cui da tempi lontani si è esercitata l'attività dell'uomo. Infatti, da diversi millenni si sono esercitate l'agricoltura e la pastorizia che hanno portato alla ri-duzione dei boschi e a un incremento delle aree pa-scolative. Ora con la minor pressione antropica e delle greggi qua e là si stanno riformando stadi di vegetazione prenemorale e lentamente le essenze arboree ritornano a occupare i territori anticamente perduti. La penetrazione di aria calda attraverso la valle dell'Aterno-Pescara consente a elementi floristici medi-terraneo-termofili di attecchire in ambiti in cui per clima e posizione geografica ne dovrebbero esserne privi. In vari casi la vegetazione mediterranea di queste aree assume l'aspetto sia di macchia tipica sia di psuedomac-chia e cioè di bosco impoverito da alcune screlofille che sono sostituite da essenze caducifoglie. La vegetazione forestale, inizia a svilupparsi attorno a 600 metri d'altitudine con i querceti misti più o meno degradati che da 1000 a 1800-1900 metri sono sostituti dalle faggete. A tali fasce altitudinali si rinvengono anche prati-pascolo secondari e lembi di pseudogariche. Sopra la faggeta, nell'Appennino Centrale, manca un vero e proprio orizzonte degli arbusti ma in vari gruppi montuosi dell'aquilano si rinvengono piccole formazioni con salici nani, rododendri, pino mugo, conifere prostrate e altro. Sopra questi arbusteti altomontani, e considerata anche la loro piccola diffusione, anche al disopra delle faggete si rinvengono varie tipologie di prati-pascolo (festuceti-trifoglieti, seslerieti, brachipo- 86 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 dieti) e formazioni tipiche di ambienti glaericoli e roc-ciosi. Dalle quote più basse sino ai prati pascoli altitudina-li, le Orchidaceae concorrono alla composizione flori-stica delle formazioni vegetali e con la loro bellezza e particolarità contribuiscono ad accrescere l'importanza e il valore naturalistico degli ambiti in cui sono presenti. Per quanto riguarda la flora, allo stato attuale, non si sa l'esatta consistenza numerica del patrimonio flori-stico dell'intero territorio provinciale ma solo di alcune sue parti e spesso gli studi effettuati riguardano massicci montuosi e parchi naturali estesi anche in altre province dell'Abruzzo e regioni confinanti. Prima di fare una stima più o meno attendibile si riportano alcuni dati di ricerche sinora pubblicate. Nel territorio del Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo, Lazio e Molise sono presenti 2110 entità distinte in specie e sottospecie (Conti & Bartolucci, 2015). La flora del Parco Nazionale della Majella che comprende anche Comuni appartenenti alle Province di Chieti e Pescara annovera 2114 entità (Conti & Tinti 2006) cui sono da aggiungere diverse altre segnalate in seguito. La flora del Parco Regionale Sirente-Velino annovera 1650 taxa (Pirone et al., 2007). Alla composizione del paesaggio vegetale di Rivi-sondoli concorrono 870 entità (Pirone, 1997). Nel Parco Nazionale del Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga che comprende anche Comuni appartenenti alle Province di Rieti, Pescara e Teramo, sono presenti 2642 entità di piante vascolari distinte in specie e sottospecie, compresi 33 ibridi. (Conti & Bartolucci, 2016). Tenendo conto dei dati sopra riportati e del fatto che entità presenti in un'area, sono assenti altrove, il patrimonio floristico provinciale si presume possa essere composto da 2300-2500 taxa, un numero considerevole che rappresenta il 70-75% della flora abruzzese. Le ricerche floristiche sulle orchidee della provincia aquilana Allo stato attuale non è stato pubblicato un lavoro specifico sulle orchidee della zona, nonostante i nume-rosi studi effettuati. Infatti, nel territorio provinciale le esplorazioni botaniche di una certa importanza inizia-rono nel XIX secolo con Tenore (1811-1838) e continua-rono con altri studiosi tra cui: Gravina (1812), Brocchi (1822), Gussone (1826), Mauri et al. (1830), Tenore & Gussone (1842), Marchesetti (1875), Groves (1880), Nardelli (1883), Crugnola (1894) e Falqui (1899). Per quanto riguarda le Orchidaceae, gli studi mono-grafici sull'intera regione allo stato attuale sono quattro (Lastoria, 1988; Conti & Pellegrini, 1990; Colella et al., 2011; Pezzetta, 2013). A essi vanno aggiunte pubbli-cazioni specifiche che segnalano vari ritrovamenti che hanno contribuito a incrementare il patrimonio orchido-logico regionale. Materiali e metodi L'elenco floristico e stato realizzato tenendo conto delle ricerche sul campo dell'autore condotte a inter-valli piu o meno regolari nel corso di oltre un decennio, delle segnalazioni inedite di vari studiosi e dei dati ricavati dalle consultazioni bibliografiche. Esso comprende le specie, le sottospecie e gli ibridi mentre non sono state prese in considerazione le varieta cromatiche e morfologiche. Non sono stati considerati e riesaminati i materiali d'erbario. Per la nomenclatura dei vari taxa si sono segui-te le indicazioni riportate nel recente volume del GIROS (2009) e nel saggio di Biagioli et al. (2015). Per la loro determinazione si sono utilizzati i testi di Delforge (2005), GIROS (2009) e Romolini & Souche (2012). Per l'assegnazione dei tipi corologici si e tenuto conto di quanto riportato in Pignatti (1982) e Pezzetta (2011). Inoltre per alcune entita, tenendo conto delle nuove segnalazioni e dell'attuale distribuzione geografica, si e operata una ridefinizione del corotipo di ap-partenenza. A causa della vastita degli studi botanici riguardanti la flora abruzzese, si e deciso di considerare quale punto di partenza il saggio di Baumann e Baumann (1988) in cui si descrivono due ibridi non ripresi in quelli suc-cessivi e gli altri dati alla stampa dopo il 1990, anno in cui Conti & Pellegrini pubblicarono una monografía sulle orchidee regionali. Inoltre si e deciso di scegliere in caso di piu pubblicazioni di un autore per lo stesso territorio e/o riassuntive, quelle piu recenti. Nell'indicazione delle localita sono state riportate sia le indicazioni generiche riguardanti il territorio di un parco, di un gruppo montuoso, di un altipiano e altro che quelle delle singole localita o altre parti che ricadono negli stessi ambiti. RISULTATI E DISCUSSIONE Elenco florisitico Nell'elenco floristico per ogni taxon sono elencati i siti di ritrovamento, preceduti fra parentesi dai nomi degli autori delle segnalazioni abbreviati con le seguenti sigle: !: osservazione diretta dell'autore; A: Baumann e Baumann, 1988; AH: Conti & Pellegrini, 1990; AX: Luc-chese & Lattanzi, 1991; AY: Pedrotti et al., 1992; B: Pe-triccione, 1993; BH: Conti, 1993; BX: Conti, 1995; CY: Abbate et al., 1996; C: Daiss & Daiss, 1996; CX: Frizzi et al., 1996; D: Guarrera & Tammaro, 1996; DX: Betti, 1997; E: Pirone, 1997; EX: Pirone et al., 1997; F: Conti, 1998; FX: Tammaro, 1998; FY: Ballelli, 1999; G: Bion-di et al., 1999; GX: Hennecke & Hennecke, 1999; H: Di Pede, 2001; HF: Di Bartolomeo et al., 2002; HL: Abbate et al., 2003; HN: Bongiorni et al., 2006; HP: Conti et al., 2006; HR: Hertel & Presser, 2006; HX: Conti & 87 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 Tinti, 2008; HY: Conti et al., 2008; I: Galetti, 2008; IH: Imprescia & Picone, 2008; IL: Rempicci et al., 2008; IN: Rossi et al., 2008; IW: Soca, 2008; IX: Souche, 2008; IY: Conti & Tinti 2009; IW: Faurholdt 2009; IZ: Hertel & Presser 2009; L: Griebl 2010; LX: Pirone et al., 2010; M: Colella et al., 2011; MX: Paris & Scivo-la, 2011; N: Romolini & Soca, 2011a; NX: Romolini & Soca, 2011b; O: Allasia, 2012; OX: Conti & Tinti, 2012; OY: Gransinigh et al., 2012; P: Rempicci et al., 2012; PX: Romolini & Souche, 2012; Q: Petrucci, 2013; QX: Pezzetta, 2013; QJ: Bongiorni et al., 2014, QY: Soca, 2014; QW: Brunamonte et al., 2015; R: Conti & Barto-lucci, 2015; RH: Hertel & Presser, 2015; RX: Pezzetta, 2015; RY: Soca, 2015; SH: Conti & Bartolucci, 2016; SX: Lastoria informazione personale; SY: Nicolai infor-mazione personale; T: Soca (Souche) informazione personale; TX: Tande informazione personale; TY: Muller informazione personale. 1. Anacamptis coriophora subsp. fragrans (Pollini) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W. Chase - Euri-mediterraneo. (!, AX, C, D, F, M, QX, SY). Aielli, Alfedena, Campo Felice, Canistro, Capistrello, Cappadocia, Capitignano, Castellafiume, Luco-li, Massa d'Albe, Monte Sirente, Ovindoli, Pa-centro, Pescina. 4. Anacamptis papilionacea (L.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W. Chase - Eurimediterraneo. (!, HF, RX, SX, SY, TY). Cansano, Capitignano, Collepietro, Introdacqua, Montereale, Morino, Navelli, Raiano, Rocca Pia. 5. Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) Rich. - Eurimediterraneo. (!, B, BX, C, D, E, GX, H, IY, L, NX, Q, RX, RY, SY). Alfedena, Ateleta, Assergi, Bariscia-no Bisegna, Cagnano Amiterno, Campo di Gio-ve, Campo Felice, Campotosto, Canistro, Capitignano, Capistrello, Carsoli, Castel di Sangro, L'Aquila, Massa d'Albe, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Morino, Opi, Ortona dei Marsi, Ovindoli, Pacentro, Paganica, Passo del Diavolo, Passo Godi, Pescina, Pettorano sul Gizio, Pietransieri, Pizzoli, Pratola Peligna, Raiano, Rivisondoli, Rocca di Cambio, Rocca di Mezzo, Roccaraso, Scontrone, Tagliacozzo, Valle Roveto, Villa Santa Lucia, Villetta Barrea. 6. Cephalanthera damasonium (Mill.) Druce - Eurimediterraneo. (!, AX, B, BX, C, DX, E, EX, FX, G, GX, H, HF, HL, IY, L, LX, M, OX, OY, P, Q, QX, RX, RY, SY, TX). Alfedena, Avezzano, Ba-risciano, Barrea, Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Campo Felice, Campo di Giove, Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Canistro, Capestrano, Caporciano, Carsoli, Cocullo, Collepietro, Fonte Cerreto (Assergi), Forca d'Acero, Gioia dei Mar-si, Gole del Sagittario (Anversa degli Abruzzi), Introdacqua, Magliano dei Marsi, Massa d'Albe, Montereale, Monte Velino, Morino, Navelli, Ortona dei Marsi, Passo delle Capannelle (Pizzoli), Pescasseroli, Pettorano sul Gizio, Raiano, Rivisondoli, Rocca di Mezzo, Roccaraso, San Benedetto in Perillis, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scanno, Serra Lunga (Collelongo), Valle Peligna, Valle Roveto, Villavallelonga, Villetta Barrea. 7. Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch - Eurasiati-co. (! AX, B, BX, C, D, E, EX, FX, G, GX, H, Pirone & Manzi 2003, HX, LX, QX, RX). Alfedena, Avezzano, Campo di Giove, Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Capestrano, Carsoli, Civitella Al-fedena, Forca d'Acero, Macchia Grande (Asser-gi), Molinia Aterno, Montereale, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Morino, Opi, Pacentro, Passo Godi, Passo delle Capannelle (Pizzoli), Pescas-seroli, Pettorano sul Gizio, Rivisondoli, Scontrone, Serra Lunga (Collelongo), Tornimparte, Val Fondillo (Opi), Valle Peligna, Valle Roveto, Villa Santa Lucia, Villavallelonga, Villetta Barrea. 8. Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich. - Eurasiatico (!, AX, B, BX, C, D, DX, E, FX, HL, M, O, OX, QX, RX, SY) Alfedena, Altipiani Maggiori, Assergi, Barisciano, Barrea, Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campo Imperatore, Capitignano, Gole del Sagittario (Anversa degli Abruzzi), Monte Sirente, Monte 2. Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.) R.M. Bateman, Pri-dgeon & M.W. Chase - Eurimediterraneo. (C, D, F, H, QW, S). Alfedena, Barrea, Cappadocia, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Ortona dei Marsi, Roccaraso, Valle Roveto. 3. Anacamptis morio (L.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W. Chase - Europeo-Caucasico. (!, B, BX, C, CX, D, E, EX, FX, GX, H, HF, HX, IW, L, M, MX, NX, OX, Q, QX, QW, RX, RY, SX, SY, TX, TY). Alfedena, Assergi (L'Aquila), Ateleta, Avezzano, Barisciano, Barrea, Bominaco, Cagnano Amiterno, Calascio, Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Canistro, Capestrano, Capitignano, Cappadocia, Carsoli, Castel del Monte, Castel di Sangro, Castelvecchio Calvisio, Castelvecchio Subequo, Cocullo, Collarmele, Collelongo, Collepietro, Forca d'Acero, Gioia dei Marsi, Gole del Sagittario (Anversa degli Abruzzi), Gole di Celano, Introdacqua, L'Aquila, Lucoli, Magliano dei Marsi, Massa d'Albe, Montereale, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Morino, Ocre, Opi, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Passo del Diavolo, Pescina, Pescocostanzo, Pettorano sul Gizio, Pietransieri, Pizzoli, Pratola Peligna, Raiano, Rivisondoli, Roccacinquemiglia, Rocca Pia, Roccaraso, San Benedetto in Perillis, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scontrone, Scurcola Marsicana, Sulmona, Tagliacozzo, Tornimparte, Trasacco, Valle Roveto, Vil-lalago, Villa Santa Lucia, Villavallelonga, Villetta Barrea. 88 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 Velino, Pacentro, Pettorano sul Gizio, Piani di Pezza (Rocca di Mezzo), Scanno, Serra Lunga (Collelongo), Valle Roveto. 9. Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartm. - Circumbore-ale. (!, AX, B, BX, C, E, FX, G, HX, L, M, O, Q, QX, RX, SY). Altipiani Maggiori, Barrea, Campo di Giove, Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Capitignano, Monte Aquila, Monte Camicia, Monte Cornacchia (Villavallelonga), Monte Velino, Opi , Passo Godi, Rivisondoli, Roccaraso, Scontrone, Valle Roveto, Villetta Barrea. 10. Corallorhiza trifida Chatel. - Circumborea-le. (AH, B, BX, C, DX, E, FX, GX, HF, M, RX). Altipiani Maggiori, Camosciara (Civitella Al-fedena), Campo di Giove, Capistrello, Monte Cappucciata (Castel del Monte), Lucoli, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Morino, Opi, Pizzalto (Pescocostanzo), Scanno, Scontrone, Serra Lun-ga (Collelongo), Villavallelonga, Villetta Barrea. 11. Cypripedium calceolus L. - Eurosiberiano. (AH, BX, C, F, FX, I, R). Camosciara (Civitella Alfede-na), Val Fondillo (Opi) (Fig. 1). 12. Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) Soó - Eurosiberiano. (AH, AY, BX, C, DX, E, F, FX, HX, Q, QX, RX, T, TX). Alfedena, Altipiani Maggiori, Barrea, Campo di Giove, Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Capitignano, Cappadocia, Gioia dei Marsi, La Brionna (Castel di Sangro), Monte Sirente, Ovindoli, Passo Godi, Pescocostanzo, Pescas-seroli, Pizzoli, Rivisondoli, Val Fondillo (Opi), Valle Roveto, Villetta Barrea (Fig. 2). 13. Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. fuchsii (Druce) Hyl . - Eurasiatico (D, DX, HX, Q). Alfedena, Barrea, Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Campotosto, Cappadocia, Carsoli, Monte Sirente, Pettorano sul Gizio, Rivisondoli. 14. Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. saccifera (Bron-gn.) Diklic - Paleotemperato. (!, C, DX, GX, HF, L, OX, QX, RX, T). Alfedena, Campo di Giove, Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Canistro, Capistrello, Capitignano, Cappadocia, Castel di Sangro, Gole del Sagittario (Anversa degli Abruzzi), Gioia dei Marsi, L'Aquila, Monterea-le, Morino, Ovindoli, Passo Godi, Pietransieri, Roccaraso, Tagliacozzo, Villetta Barrea. 15. Dactylorhiza romana (Sebast.) Soó - Stenome-diterraneo. (GX, QX) Campo di Giove. 16. Dactylorhiza sambucina (L.) Soó - Europeo (!, B, BX, C, D, E, FX, FY, G, GX, HF, HX, L, M, O, OX, Q, QX, RX, RY, SX, SY, TX). Altipiani Maggiori, Ateleta, Barrea, Campo di Giove, Campo Imperatore, Castel del Monte, Campotosto, Capitignano, Gioia dei Marsi, Gole del Sagittario (Anversa degli Abruzzi), L'Aquila, Magliano dei Marsi, Monte Camicia, Monte Prena, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Morino, Ovindoli, Passo del Diavolo, Passo Godi, Passo San Leonardo (Pacentro), Pescocostanzo, Pettorano sul Gizio, Piani di Pezza (Rocca di Mezzo) , Pizzoli, Ri-visondoli, Rocca di Cambio, Roccaraso, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scanno, Scontrone, Tor-nimparte, Sella Monte Aquila, Valico Capo le Serre (Castel del Monte), Valle Roveto, Villavallelonga, Villa Santa Lucia. 17. Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm.) Besser - Europeo. (!, B, BX, C, GX, L, LX, M, QX, RX). Alfedena, Barrea, Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campo Imperatore, Fonte Cerreto (Assergi), Massa d'Albe, Monte Cappucciata (Castel del Monte), Monte Velino, Monte Zurrone (Roccaraso), Pacentro, Passo Godi, Rocca di Mezzo, Santo Stefano di Ses-sanio, Tagliacozzo, Villa Santa Lucia, Villavallelonga, Villetta Barrea. 18. Epipactis helleborine subsp. helleborine (L.) Crantz - Paleotemperato. (!, AX, B, BX, BY, C, CX, D, E, FX, G, HF, HX, HL, LX, M, OX, P, QX, RX, SY). Alfedena, Altipiani Maggiori, Assergi, Avezzano, Barrea, Bisegna, Bosco S. Antonio (Pescocostanzo), Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Capestra-no, Capitignano, Carsoli, Gioia dei Marsi, Gole del Sagittario (Anversa degli Abruzzi), Gole di Celano, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Monte Zurrone (Roccaraso), Monte Pettino (L'Aquila), Morino, Ofena, Pettorano sul Gizio, Raiano, Rivisondoli, Rocca di Mezzo, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scanno, Serra Lunga (Collelongo), Valle Roveto, Villetta Barrea. 19. Epipactis helleborine subsp. latina W. Rossi & E. Klein - Subendemico. (A, BH, F, QJ, R, RX). Alfedena, Anversa degli Abruzzi, Avezzano, Barrea, Castel del Monte, Gioia dei Marsi, Opi, Pacentro, Pizzoli, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Villa Santa Lucia, Villetta Barrea. 20. Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz subsp. orbicu-laris (K. Richt.) E. Klein. - Centro-Europeo. (OX, R). Gole del Sagittario (Anversa degli Abruzzi). 21. Epipactis leptochila subsp. leptochila (Godfery) Godfery - Centro-Europeo. (BX, F, M). Prato Lo-naro (Lucoli), Val Fondillo (Opi). 22. Epipactis lucana H. Presser, S. Hertel & V. A. Romano - Endemico. (RH). Campo di Giove. 23. Epipactis microphylla (Ehrh.) Sw. - Europeo-Caucasico (!, BX, D, FX, H, HX, L, QX, RX). Alfedena, Ateleta, Avezzano, Barrea, Campotosto, Collelongo, Gioia dei Marsi, Gole del Sagittario (Anversa degli Abruzzi), Monte Sirente, Pacentro, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scanno, Valle Roveto, Villavallelonga. 24. Epipactis muelleri Godfery - Centro-Europeo. (!, A, AH, BX, C, E, F, QX, R, RX, SH, SY). Altipiani Maggiori, Barrea, Campo di Giove, Castel del Monte, Passo delle Capannelle (Pizzoli), 89 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 25. Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz - Circumboreale. (AH, BX, C, F, FX, HX, I, QX, RX). Alfedena, Ca-mosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Campotosto, Ca-gnano Amiterno, Forca d'Acero (Opi), M. Mor-rone, Passo delle Capannelle (Pizzoli), Rocca di Mezzo, Valle del Sangro tra Ateleta e Castel di Sangro, Val Fondillo (Opi), Villetta Barrea. 26. Epipactis pérsica subsp. gracilis (B. Baumann & H. Baumann) W. Rossi - Sud-Est-Europeo. (A, AH, BX, C, HY, R, RX, SY). Alfedena, Bosco del Chiarino (L'Aquila), Monte Cappucciata (Castel del Monte), Montereale, Monte Rotondo (Veli-no), Passo delle Capannelle (Pizzoli). 27. Epipactis purpurata Sm. - Subatlantico. (AH, BX, E, HN, HY, R, RX). Bosco S. Antonio (Pesco-costanzo), Bosco del Chiarino (L'Aquila), Valle Iannanghera (Barrea). 28. Epipogium aphyllum Sw. - Eurosiberiano. (AH, BX, E, F, FX, IH, IL, RX). Altipiani Maggiori, Aremogna (Roccaraso), Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Campo Imperatore, Monte Sirente, Rocca di Mezzo, Val Fondillo (Opi), Valico del Curio (Scanno), Villavallelonga. 29. Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R. Br. in W.T. Aiton - Eurasiatico. (!, AX, B, BX, D, E, FX, GX, H, HF, HX, L, M, NX, OY, Q, QX, QW, RX, SX, SY). Alfedena, Altipiani Maggiori, Ateleta, Barrea, Bisegna, Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Canistro, Ca-pitignano, Capistrello, Cappadocia, Carsoli, Castel del Monte, Castel di Sangro, Castellafiume, Castelvecchio Calvisio, Fonte Cerreto (Assergi), Gioia dei Marsi, L'Aquila, Lucoli, Monte Prena, Magliano dei Marsi, Monte Sirente, Monte Ve-lino, Monte Zurrone (Roccaraso), Montereale, Morino, Ofena, Ovindoli, Pacentro, Passo del Diavolo, Passo Godi, Pescasseroli, Pettorano sul Gizio, Piani di Pezza (Rocca di Mezzo), Pie-transieri, Pizzoli, Rivisondoli, Roccaraso, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scontrone, Sella di Monte Aquila, Tagliacozzo, Valle Roveto, Villavallelonga, Villetta Barrea, Villa Santa Lucia 30. Himantoglossum adriaticum H. Baumann - Eu-rimediterraneo. (!, AX, BX, C, D, E, FX, GX, H, HX, I, L, NX, Q, QX, RX, RY, SY, TX, TY). Alba Fucens, Alfedena, Altipiani Maggiori, Assergi, Ateleta, Avezzano, Barrea, Bisegna, Campo di Giove, Campotosto, Canistro, Cansano, Capi-tignano, Caporciano, Cappadocia, Castel del Monte, Castel di Sangro, Castelvecchio Sube-quo, Cocullo, Collelongo, Forca d'Acero, Gioia dei Marsi, Introdacqua, L'Aquila, Lucoli, Ma-gliano dei Marsi, Massa d'Albe, Montereale, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Paganica, Passo del Diavolo, Passo Godi, Pescina, Pescocostanzo, Pettorano sul Gizio, Pietransieri, Pizzoli, Rivisondoli, Roc- cacinquemiglia, Rocca di Mezzo, Rocca Pia, Roccaraso, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scanno, Scontrone, Valle Roveto, Villalago, Villa Santa Lucia, Villetta Barrea. 31. Limodorum abortivum (L.) Sw. - Eurimediter-raneo. (!, H, M, P, QX, SY). Barrea, Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Canistro, Capitignano, Lucoli, Magliano dei Marsi, Raiano, Rocca di Mezzo, Valle Roveto. 32. Listera ovata (L.) R. Br. - Eurasiatico. (!, AX, B, BX, C, E, GX, HF, HX, M, Q, TX). Alfedena, Altipiani Maggiori, Barrea, Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campotosto, Canistro, Capitignano, Castel di Sangro, Gioia dei Marsi, L'Aquila, Magliano dei Marsi, Monte Velino, Morino, Pietransieri, Pizzoli, Pettorano sul Gizio, Raiano, Rocca di Mezzo, Roccaraso, Valle Roveto, Villetta Barrea. 33. Neotinea maculata (Desf.) Stearn - Mediterraneo-Atlantico. (BX, G, Q, QX, RX, RY, SY). Campo Imperatore, Cansano, Capitignano, Castelvecchio Calvisio, Pacentro, Valle Peligna. 34. Neotinea tridentata (Scop.) R.M. Bateman, Prid-geon & M.W. Chase - Eurimediterraneo. (!, AX, B, BX, CX, D, E, GX, H, HF, HX, IW, L, M, OX, Q, QX, RX, RY, SX, SY, TX, TY). Aielli, Altipiani Maggiori, Anversa degli Abruzzi, Avezzano, Ba-risciano, Barrea, Bisegna, Bominaco, Calascio, Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campo Impera-tore, Campotosto, Cansano, Cappadocia, Capi-tignano, Carsoli, Castel del Monte, Castel di Ieri, Castelvecchio Subequo, Castellafiume, Cocullo, Collelongo, Collepietro, Fonte Cerreto (Assergi), Forca d'Acero, Gioia dei Marsi, Gole del Sagit-tario (Anversa degli Abruzzi), Gole di Celano, L'Aquila, Lecce dei Marsi, Lucoli, Magliano dei Marsi, Massa d'Albe, Monte Sirente, Monte Ve-lino, Morino, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Passo del Diavolo, Pescina, Pescocostanzo, Pietransieri, Pizzoli, Rivisondoli, Rocca di Cambio, Rocca Pia, Roccaraso, San Benedetto in Perillis, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scontrone, Sulmona, Tagliacozzo, Tornimparte, Val Fondillo (Opi), Valle Roveto, Villa Santa Lucia, Villalago, Villavallelonga, Villetta Barrea (Fig. 3). 35. Neotinea ustulata (L.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M. W. Chase - Europeo-Caucasico. (!, B, BX, C, D, E, HF, GX, IW, L, M, Q, QX, RX, RY, SY). Aielli, Alfedena, Altipiani Maggiori, Barisciano, Barrea, Campo Felice, Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Cappadocia, Capitignano, Collarmele, Collelongo, Collepietro, Castelvecchio Subequo, Forca d'Acero, Gioia dei Marsi, L'Aquila, Montereale, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Morino, Ortona dei Marsi, Paganica, Passo Godi, Passo del Diavolo, Pescasseroli, Pescocostanzo, 90 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 Piani di Pezza (Rocca di Mezzo), Pietransieri, Pizzoli, Rivisondoli, Roccaraso, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scontrone, Sulmona, Tagliacozzo, Val Fondillo (Opi), Valle Roveto, Villalago, Vil-lavallelonga, Villetta Barrea. 36. Neottia nidus-avis (L.) Rich. - Eurasiatico. (!, BX, C, D, DX, E, FX, GX, HF, HL, HX, LX, P, Q, QX, SX, SY, TX). Alfedena, Altipiani Maggiori, Avezzano, Bosco S. Antonio (Pescocostanzo), Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Campo di Gio-ve, Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Capitigna-no, Carsoli, Castel del Monte, Collelongo, Fonte Romana (Pacentro), Forca d'Acero, Introdacqua, Lucoli, Monte Sirente, Monti della Meta, Mori-no, Opi, Pescasseroli, Pettorano sul Gizio, Piani Pezza (Rocca di Mezzo), Roccaraso, Scanno, Valle Roveto, Villavallelonga, Villetta Barrea. 37. Nigritella rubra subsp. widderi H. Baumann & R. Lorenz - Subendemico. (AH, BX, C, F, FY, I, IN, O, RX). Barrea, Campo Imperatore, Mon-tagna Grande (Scanno), Monte Camicia, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Monti della Meta,Villetta Barrea. 38. Ophrys apifera Huds. - Eurimediterraneo. (!, C, D, H, M, HF, NX, PX, Q, QX, RX, SY, T, TX). Aielli, Alfedena, Ateleta, Bisegna, Cagnano Amiterno, Calascio, Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campotosto, Canistro, Capistrello, Capitignano, Castel di Sangro, Castellafiume, Collelongo, Collepietro, Introdacqua, L'Aqui-la, Massa d'Albe, Montereale, Morino, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Pescina, Pietransieri, Pizzoli, Rivisondoli, Rocca di Cambio, Roccaraso, Scontrone, Sulmona, Valle Roveto, Villa Santa Lucia, Villetta Barrea. 39. Ophrys argolica subsp. crabronifera (Sebast. & Mauri) Faurh. - Endemico. (!, IW, MX, R, RX, QW, S). Collepietro, Navelli, Pizzone, San Benedetto in Perillis. 40. Ophrys bertolonii subsp. bertolonii Moretti -Appennino-Balcanico. (!, AX, C, CX, D, EX, FX, GX, H, IW, M, NX, PX, Q, QX, RX, RY, RY, S). Aielli, Alfedena, Avezzano, Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campo Imperatore, Cansano, Capistrello, Caporciano, Cappadocia, Castel del Monte, Castel di Ieri, Castellafiume, Cocul-lo, Collepietro, Fonte Cerreto (Assergi), Gole di Celano, L'Aquila, Lecce dei Marsi, Lucoli, Massa d'Albe, Magliano dei Marsi, Monte Sirente, Montereale, Monte Velino, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Paganica, Passo del Diavolo, Pescina, Pietransieri, Pratola Peligna, Raiano, Rivisondoli, San Benedetto in Perillis, Scontrone, Sulmona, Tagliacozzo, Valle del Tirino, Valle Roveto, Villa Santa Lucia. 41. Ophrys exaltata subsp. archipelagi (Gölz & H.R. Reinhard) Del Prete - Appennino-Balcanico. (L, R, SH). Capestrano, Collepietro, Navelli, Ofena, Scontrone. Sono state riportate al taxon tutte le segnalazioni di Ophrys exaltata subsp. exaltata Ten. (Romolini & Souche 2012 e Pezzetta 2015) 42. Ophrys fusca subsp. funerea (Viv.) Arcang. - Ste-nomediterraneo. (RY, SY, TX). Bisegna, Cagnano Amiterno, Capitignano, Campotosto, L'Aquila, Lucoli, Massa d'Albe, Montereale, Pescina, Ortona dei Marsi, Scanno, Sulmona. 43. Ophrys fusca subsp. lucana (P. Delforge, De-villers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz - Endemico. (!, IW, PX, RX, QW, RY, TY). Alfedena, Barrea, Cansano, Collepietro, Pietransieri, Roccaraso, Roccacinquemiglia (Castel di Sangro), San Benedetto in Perillis, Scanno. 44. Ophrys holosericea (Burm. f.) Greuter subsp. appennina ("Romolini & Soca) Kreutz- Endemico. (!, N, PX, RX, RY, SY, TX). Alfedena, Ateleta, Campo di Giove, Canistro, Capistrello, Capitignano, Collepietro, L'Aquila, Lucoli, Magliano dei Marsi, Montereale, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Morino, Ortona dei Marsi, Pizzoli, San Benedetto in Perillis, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Sulmona. 45. Ophrys holosericea (Burm. f.) Greuter subsp. di-narica (Kranjcev & P. Delforge) Kreutz - Appen-nino-Balcanico. (!, IW, IZ, L, NX, PX, Q, RX, QW, RY, TX,TY). Aielli, Alfedena, Ateleta, Avezzano, Barrea, Barisciano, Bisegna, Bominaco, Cagnano Amiterno, Calascio, Campo di Giove, Campotosto, Cansano, Canistro, Capistrello, Caporciano, Cappadocia, Castel di Sangro, Collelongo, Collepietro, Gioia dei Marsi, L'Aquila, Lecce dei Marsi, Lucoli, Magliano dei Marsi, Massa d'Albe, Montereale, Monte Velino, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Pettorano sul Gizio, Pietransieri, Raiano, Rivisondoli, Rocca Pia, Roccaraso, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scanno, Scontrone, Sulmona, Tagliacozzo, Villalago, Villa Santa Lucia, Villavallelonga, Villetta Barrea. 46. Ophrys holosericea (Burm. f.) Greuter subsp. gracilis (Büel, O. Danesch & E. Danesch) Büel, O. Danesch & E. Danesch - Endemico. (!, C,GX, L, NX, Q, RX, SH, TX, TY). Alfedena, Ateleta, Barrea, Campotosto, Capitignano, Passo del Diavolo, Pietransieri, Rivisondoli, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scontrone, Villetta Barrea. 47. Ophrys holosericea (Burm. f.) Greuter subsp. pinguis (Romolini & Soca) Kreutz - Endemico. (!, N, PX, Q, RX, RY, SH, TX). Aielli, Ateleta, Avezzano (Monte Salviano), Campo di Giove, Campotosto, Canistro, Capistrello, L'Aquila, Lucoli, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Roccacin-quemiglia (Castel di Sangro), Santo Stefano di Sessanio. 48. Ophrys holosericea (Burm. f.) Greuter subsp. serotina (Rolli ex H. F. Paulus) Kreutz - Suben- 91 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 demico. (L, RX, S). Alfedena, Castel del Monte, Castel di Sangro, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scontrone. 49. Ophrys holosericea (Burm. f.) Greuter subsp. tetraloniae (W.P. Teschner) Kreutz- Appenni-no-Balcanico (!, C, F, NX, PX, QX, R, S). Alfedena, Ateleta, Barrea, Cagnano Amiterno, Campo di Giove, Campotosto, Canistro, Capistrello, Castel di Sangro, Collelongo, L'Aquila, Lucoli, Montereale, Scanno, Scontrone, Villetta Barrea. 50. Ophrys illyrica S. Hertel & K. Presser - Appen-nino-Balcanico. (L, NX, QX, R, RX, TX). Ateleta, Avezzano, Barisciano, Campo di Giove Cape-strano, Cocullo, Collepietro, L'Aquila, Maglia-no dei Marsi, Monte Velino, Rosciolo dei Marsi, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scontrone, Villetta Barrea. Sono state ricondotte al taxon tutte le segnala-zioni di O. ausonia che secondo Hertel & Presser (2006) e da porre in sinonimia con il primo. 51. Ophrys incubacea Bianca subsp. brutia (P. Del-forge) Kreutz - Endemico. (!, PX, RX, RY, TX). Aielli, Ateleta, Avezzano, Castel di leri, Cocullo, Collepietro, Ortona dei Marsi, Pescina, Roc-caraso, Rivisondoli, Villetta Barrea. 52. Ophrys incubacea Bianca subsp. incubacea -Stenomediterraneo. (!, GX, IW, L, PX, Q, QX, RX, RY, SX, TY). Aielli, Alfedena, Avezzano, Barrea, Castel di Ieri, Castelvecchio Subequo, Cocullo, Collarmele, Collepietro, Gioia dei Marsi, Massa d'Albe, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Passo del Diavolo, Pescina, Raiano, Roccacasale, Rocca-cinquemiglia (Castel di Sangro), San Benedetto in Perillis, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scontrone, Sul-mona, Valle Peligna, Villalago, Villa Santa Lucia. 53. Ophrys insectifera L. - Europeo. (!, AH, C, F, GX, HX, I, L, PX, T). Alfedena, Avezzano, Barrea, Campotosto, Capistrello, Capitignano, L'Aquila, Pietransieri, Roccaraso, Villetta Barrea. 54. Ophrys lacaitae Lojac. - Appennino-Balcanico. (!, L, NX, PX,) Ateleta, Castel di Sangro, Rocca-raso. 55. Ophrys passionis subsp. majellensis (Helga & Herm. Daiss) Romolini & Soca. - Subendemico. (!, GX, H, Q, T, TX). Aielli, Pacentro, Roccaraso, Valle Roveto. 56. Ophrys passionis subsp. passionis Sennen ex Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers - Mediterraneo-Occidentale. (GX, L). Alfedena, Barrea, Bocca di Pantano (Scanno), Scontrone 57. Ophrys personata P. Delforge - Endemico. (Del-forge 2015). Ateleta. 58. Ophrys promontorii O. Danesch & E. Danesch - Endemico. (!, BX, C, F, GX, IW, L, MX, PX, QX, RX, QW, RY, SX, TX, TY). Alfedena, Avezzano, Barrea, Bisegna, Calascio, Campo di Giove, Campo Imperatore, Capestrano, Castel del Monte, Cocullo, Collepietro, Gioia dei Marsi, Gioia Vecchia, Gole del Sagittario (Anversa de-gli Abruzzi), Navelli, Ofena, Ortona dei Marsi, Passo Godi, Passo del Diavolo, Pietransieri, Raiano, Rivisondoli, Rocca Calascio, Roccacin-quemiglia (Castel di Sangro), Roccaraso, San Benedetto in Perillis, Scanno, Scontrone, Villalago, Villa Santa Lucia, Villetta Barrea. 59. Ophrys speculum Link - Stenomediterraneo. (HP, MX, RX, S). Navelli, Pratola Peligna. 60. Ophrys sphegodes Mill. subsp. minipassionis (Romolini & Soca) Biagioli & Grünanger - Endemico. (!, RX, SH, T). Capestrano, Collepietro 61. Ophrys sphegodes Mill. subsp. riojana (C.E. Hermos.) Biagioli & Grünanger - Mediterra-neo-Occidentale. (IW, PX, R, SH, TY). Aielli, Avezzano, Barisciano, Bominaco, Calascio, Campo di Giove, Cansano, Caporciano, Capistrello, Cappadocia, Castelvecchio Subequo, Cocullo, Collarmele, Collepietro, Gioia dei Marsi, L'Aquila, Lucoli, Magliano dei Marsi, Massa d'Albe, Navelli, Ofena, Ortona dei Mar-si, Pescasseroli, Pescocostanzo, Pescina, Pizzo-li, Raiano, Roccacinquemiglia (Castel di Sangro), Rocca Pia, San Benedetto in Perillis, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Tagliacozzo. 62. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. sphegodes Mill. - Eu-rimediterraneo. (!, B, BX, C, CX, D, E, EX, FX, GX, IW, L, M, MX, NX, Q, QX,QW, RX, QW, RY, SY, TX). Aielli, Alfedena, Altipiani Maggiori, Assergi, Avezzano, Barisciano, Barrea, Bisegna, Bominaco, Calascio, Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campotosto, Cagnano Amiterno, Cape-strano, Capitignano, Carsoli, Castel del Monte, Castel di Ieri, Castel di Sangro, Castelvecchio Calvisio, Castelvecchio Subequo, Cocullo, Collepietro, Fonte Cerreto (Assergi), Gioia dei Marsi, Gioia Vecchia, Gole del Sagittario (Anversa degli Abruzzi), Gole di Celano, Introdacqua, Magliano dei Marsi, Massa d'Albe, M. Pettino (L'Aquila), Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Montereale, Navelli, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Pescina, Pietransieri, Pizzoli, Raiano, Rivisondoli, Roccaraso, San Benedetto in Perillis, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Sulmona, Tagliacozzo, Tor-nimparte, Valle Roveto, Villa Santa Lucia, Villalago, Villetta Barrea. Sono state ricondotte al taxon tutte le segnala-zioni di Ophrys aranifera s. l. e di O. classica Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers, un'entita la cui posizione sistematica, secondo M. G. De Simoni (in GIROS 2009) andrebbe ulteriormente studiata e che secondo Hertel & Presser (2006) rientrerebbe nella variabilita di O. sphegodes. 63. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. tarquinia (P. Delforge) Kreutz. - Endemico. (!, IW, PX, RX, SH). Cala-scio, Collepietro, Ofena. 92 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 64. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. tommasinii (Vis.) Soó - Appennino-Balcanico. (!, HR, L, QX, RX, S). Barisciano, Campo di Giove, Campotosto, Ca-stel del Monte, Cansano, Caporciano, Cocullo, Collepietro, Navelli, Pacentro, Pescina, Pesco-costanzo, Pratola Peligna, San Benedetto in Pe-rillis, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scontrone, Villa Santa Lucia, Villetta Barrea. 65. Orchis anthropophora (L.) All. - Mediterraneo-Atlantico. (!, AX, B, C, FX, GX, H, HF, IW, L, M, MX, OX, Q, QW, RX, RY, SX, SY, TY). Alfede-na, Ateleta, Avezzano, Barrea, Bisegna, Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Canistro, Capistrello, Capitignano, Cappadocia, Castel di Ieri, Castel di Sangro, Castellafiume, Cocullo, Collelongo, Collepietro, Gioia dei Marsi, Gole del Sagittario (Anversa degli Abruzzi), Introdacqua, Lucoli, Magliano dei Marsi, Massa d'Albe, Monte Pet-tino (L'Aquila), Monte Velino, Morino, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Passo del Diavolo, Pescina, Pettorano sul Gizio, Pietransieri, Raiano, Rivi-sondoli, Roccacinquemiglia, Rocca Pia, Rocca-raso, San Benedetto in Perillis, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scanno, Scontrone, Sulmona, Taglia-cozzo, Valle Roveto, Villalago, Villavallelonga, Villetta Barrea. 66. Orchis italica Poir. - Stenomediterraneo. (!, EX, H, L, M, MX, NX, RX, RY, SY, TX, TY). Ateleta, Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Cappadocia, Cocullo, Collepietro, Introdacqua, Montereale, Ortona dei Marsi, Passo del Diavolo, Pettorano sul Gizio, Raiano, Roccacinquemiglia (Castel di Sangro), San Benedetto in Perillis, Scanno, Sulmona, Valle Roveto, Villalago, Villetta Barrea. 67. Orchis mascula subsp. mascula L. - Europeo-Caucasico. (!, AX, BX, C, D, E, GX, HF, HX, IW, M, Q, RY, TX, TY). Alfedena, Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Avezzano, Campotosto, Cappadocia, Gioia dei Marsi, Gioia Vecchia, L'Aquila, Magliano dei Marsi, Massa d'Albe, Monte Sirente, Morino, Passo del Diavolo, Pe-scasseroli, Pettorano sul Gizio, Pietransieri, Ra-iano, Rivisondoli, Roccacinquemiglia (Castel di Sangro), Roccaraso, Valico Capo le Serre (Castel del Monte), Villetta Barrea. 68. Orchis mascula subsp. speciosa (Mutel) Hegi [sin. O. mascula subsp. signifera (Vest.) Soó] -Centro-Europeo. (GX, L, QX, S). Alfedena, Barrea, Campo di Giove, Capitignano, Cocullo, Pacentro, Passo del Diavolo, Passo Godi, Passo San Leonardo (Pacentro), Rivisondoli, Scanno, Scontrone. 69. Orchis militaris L. - Eurasiatico. (!, BX, C, D, FX, HF, L, Q, RX, SY, T, TX). Alfedena, Cagna-no Amiterno,Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Campo Felice, Campo Imperatore, Capitignano, Montereale, Monte Sirente, Passo Godi, Pizzoli, Roccaraso, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scontrone, Villetta Barrea. 70. Orchis pallens L. - Europeo-Caucasico. (!, BX, C, D, GX, HF, HX, L, QX, T). Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Gioia dei Marsi, Gioia Vecchia, Monte Sirente, Morino, Passo Godi, Roccaraso, Scanno, Villavallelonga. 71. Orchis pauciflora Ten. - Stenomediterraneo. (!, AX, C, E, EX, FX, GX, H, HF, IW, L, M, MX, OX, Q, QX, QW, RX, RY, SX, SY, TX, TY). Alfedena, Altipiani Maggiori, Avezzano, Barisciano, Cala-scio, Campo di Giove, Campo Imperatore, Campo Felice, Campotosto, Cansano, Capestrano, Castelvecchio Subequo, Civitaretenga, Cocullo, Collepietro, Gioia dei Marsi, Gole del Sagittario (Anversa degli Abruzzi), Lucoli, Magliano dei Marsi, Monte Pettino (L'Aquila), Monte Velino, Morino, Navelli, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Passo del Diavolo, Passo Godi, Pescocostanzo, Pietransieri, Rivisondoli, Roccacinquemiglia (Castel di Sangro), Roccaraso, San Benedetto in Perillis, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scanno, Scontrone, Valico Capo le Serre (Castel del Monte), Valle Peligna, Valle Roveto, Villalago, Villavallelonga, Villa Santa Lucia, Villetta Barrea. 72. Orchis provincialis Balb. Ex Lam. - Stenomediterraneo. (GX, H, RX, S, TY). Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Calascio, Forca d'Acero, Monti della Meta, San Benedetto in Perillis, Valle Roveto. 73. Orchis purpurea Huds. - Eurasiatico. (!, B, BX, C, CX, D, E, EX, FX, GX, H, HX, IW, L, M, , NX, OY, Q, QX, QW, RX, RY, SX, TX). Alfedena, Altipiani Maggiori, Assergi, Ateleta, Avezzano, Barisciano, Barrea, Bisegna, Cagnano Amiterno, Calascio, Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campo Imperatore, Campotosto, Canistro, Cansano, Capestrano, Capitignano, Cappadocia, Carsoli, Castel di Ieri, Castel di Sangro, Castel del Monte, Castelvecchio Calvisio, Castelvecchio Subequo, Castellafiume, Cocullo, Collepietro, Gioia dei Marsi, Gole di Celano, Introdacqua, L'Aquila, Lecce dei Marsi, Lucoli, Magliano dei Marsi, Massa d'Albe, Monte Pettino (L'Aquila), Montereale, Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Morino, Navelli, Ocre, Ortona dei Marsi, Pacentro, Passo del Diavolo, Passo Godi, Pescasseroli, Pescina, Pescocostanzo, Pettorano sul Gizio, Pietransieri, Pizzoli, Pratola Peligna, Raiano, Rivisondoli, Roccacinquemiglia, Roccaraso, San Benedetto in Perillis, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Scanno, Scontrone, Scurcola Marsicana, Sulmona, Tor-nimparte, Valle Peligna, Valle Roveto, Villalago, Villa Santa Lucia, Villetta Barrea. 74. Orchis simia Lam. - Eurimediterraneo. (C, D, GX, H, HF, M, RX, RY, TX). Aielli, Alfedena, Avez- 93 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 zano, Campo di Giove, Forca d'Acero, Gioia dei Marsi, Monte Sirente, Morino, Ortona dei Marsi, Passo del Diavolo, Pescina, Valle Rove-to, Villetta Barrea. 75. Orchis spitzelii Saut. - Europeo-Caucasico. (!, AH, AX, B, BX, C, F, FX, HF, IN, L, M, Q, RX, SX). Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Campo Imperatore, Capistrello, M. Rotondo (Rocca di Mezzo), Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Morino, Passo Godi, Pescocostanzo, Scanno, Villetta Barrea. 76. Platanthera algeriensis Batt. & Trab. - Mediterra-neo-Occidentale. (GX, L, R, SH). Alfedena, Barrea, Castel del Monte, Passo del Diavolo, Villa Santa Lucia. 77. Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rchb. subsp. bifolia - Pa-leotemperato. (!, D, E, FX, Pirone & Manzi 2003, Q, RX, TX). Aielli, Altipiani Maggiori, Campo Imperatore, Bisegna, Carsoli, Castel di Sangro, Cocullo, Gioia dei Marsi, Lucoli, Magliano dei Marsi, Monte Sirente, Ortona dei Marsi, Ovin-doli, Pescasseroli, Pescina, Rivisondoli, Rocca-raso, Tornimparte, Valle Roveto. 78. Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rchb subsp. osca R. Lorenz, Romolini, V.A. Romano & Soca. - Endemico. (Lorenz et al., 2015). Aielli. 79. Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Rchb. - Eurosi-beriano. (!, AX, BX, C, FX, H, HX, M, RX, SY, T, TY). Campo di Giove, Campo Felice, Cam-potosto, Canistro, Capestrano, Capitignano, Caporciano, Carsoli, Castel di Sangro, L'Aquila, Serra Lunga (Collelongo), Monte Sirente, Monte Velino, Valle Roveto, Villa Santa Lucia, Villaval-lelonga. 80. Pseudorchis albida (L.) A. Löve & D. Löve -Artico-Alpino. (AH, B, BX, F, FX, R, RX, Soca T). Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Montagna Grande (Scanno), Monte Prena, Monte Velino. 81. Serapias lingua L. - Stenomediterraneo. (C, F, I, TX). Aielli, Alfedena. 82. Serapias parviflora Parl. - Stenomediterraneo. (!, IW, NX, RX, S). Aielli, Ateleta, Capistrello, Colle-pietro, Ortona dei Marsi, Roccaraso, Villalago. 83. Serapias vomeracea (Burm.f.) Briq. subsp. longi-petala (Ten.) W. Baumann & Künkele - Mediterraneo-Orientale. (S). Aielli. 84. Serapias vomeracea (Burm.f.) Briq. subsp. vomeracea - Eurimediterraneo. (!, C, H, IW, L, M, NX, Q, RY, SY). Aielli, Alba Fucens, Alfedena, Ateleta, Avezzano, Campo Felice, Capistrello, Carsoli, Castel di Ieri, Castel di Sangro, Cocullo, Collepietro, Massa d'Albe, Montereale, Ortona dei Marsi, Ovindoli, Pietransieri, Scontrone, Valle Peligna, Valle Roveto. 85. Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall. - Europeo-Caucasico. (BX, H, M, SY). Capitignano, Lucoli, Montereale, Morino, Trasacco, Valle Roveto. 86. Traunsteinera globosa (L.) Rchb. - Orof. Sud-Eu-ropeo. (!, AH, BX, R, RX, SH). Campo di Giove, Campo Imperatore, Castellano (Corno Piccolo), Passo Godi. Ibridi (1): 1. Anacamptis xalata Fleury H. Kretzschmar, Ec-carius & H. Dietr. (A. laxiflora x A. morio) (H, S). Barrea, Capitignano, Ortona dei Marsi, Valle Roveto. 2. Anacamptis xgennarii (Rchb. f.) Nazzaro & La Valva (A. morio x A. papilionacea) (MX, RX). Navelli. 3. Dactylorhiza xguillaumeae C.Bernard (D. incar-nata x D. sambucina (T) Gioia dei Marsi. 4. Dactylorhiza xserbica (Fleishmann) Soó (D. in-carnata x D. saccifera). (!, SH, T). Campotosto, Passo Godi. 5. Epipactis xbarreana B.Baumann & H.Baumann. (Epipactis helleborine subsp. latina x E. muelle-ri). (A). Villetta Barrea. 6. Epipactis xcapellonensis B.Baumann & H.Bau-mann (E. atrorubens x E. helleborine subsp. latina. (A). S. Stefano di Sessanio. 7. Neotinea xdietrichiana (Bogenh.) H. Kretzschmar, Eccarius & H. Dietr (N. tridentata x N. ustulata). (!, L, S). Gioia dei Marsi, Lucoli, Passo del Diavolo, Roccaraso, Villetta Barrea. 8. Ophrys xpetruccii Romolini & Soca (O. apifera x O. appennina). (RX, T). Collepietro. 9. Ophrys apifera x O. dinarica ((!, R, SH, TX). Barrea, Campotosto, Ortona dei Marsi, Villetta Barrea. 10. Ophrys apifera x O. pinguis (S). L'Aquila. 11. Ophrys apifera x O. tetraloniae (T). Canistro. 12. Ophrys appennina x O. bertolonii (!, RX, S). Collepietro, San Benedetto in Perillis. 13. Ophrys appennina x O. dinarica (RX, T). Ateleta, Collepietro, Ortona dei Marsi. 14. Ophrys appennina x O. incubacea (T). Sulmona. 15. Ophrys appennina x O. tetraloniae (T). Capistrello. 16. Ophrys bertolonii x O. tetraloniae (L). Scontrone. 17. Ophrys bertolonii x O. riojana (S). Aielli. 18. Ophrys brutia x O. incubacea (T). Pescina. 19. Ophrys dinarica x O. gracilis. (PX, TX). Ateleta, Barrea, Villetta Barrea. 20. Ophrys dinarica x O. promontorii (T, TX). Alfedena, Barrea, Scanno, Scontrone, Villetta Barrea. (1): Nelle sue segnalazioni originali Souche utilizza Ophrys romolinii al posto di O. bertoloni subsp. bertolonii. (1): V svojih izvirnih poročilih Souche uporablja Ophrys romolinii namesto O. bertoloni subsp. bertolonii. 94 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 21. Ophrys dinarica x O. riojana (T). Ortona dei Marsi. 22. Ophrys dinarica x O. sphegodes. (Q, RX, RY, TX, TY). Aielli, Alfedena, Barrea, Collepietro, Massa d'Albe, Ortona dei Marsi, Pescina, Pietransieri, Rocca Pia, San Benedetto in Perillis, Villalago. 23. Ophrys exaltata susbp. archipelagi x O. pro-montorii. (T). Capestrano. Ibrido nuovo per l'A-bruzzo. 24. Ophrys gracilis x O. pinguis (T). Ortona dei Marsi. 25. Ophrys gracilis x O. sphegodes (T, TY). Rocca-raso, Villetta Barrea. 26. Ophrys lacaitae x O. serotina (L). Castel di Sangro. 27. Ophrys passionis subsp. passionis x O. promon-torii. (L). Scontrone. 28. Ophrys promontorii x O. serotina (L). Scontrone. 29. Ophrys serotina x O. sphegodes (L, S). Cocullo, Barrea. 30. Ophrys promontori x O. tarquinia (IW, IX, RX, SH). Ofena. 31. Ophrys xangelensis H.Baumann & Künkele (O. incubacea x O. promontorii) (!, IW, L, RX, SH,). Capestrano, Castel del Monte, Cocullo, Collepietro, Scontrone. 32. Ophrys xbilineata Barla (O. bertolonii x O. sphegodes). (L, QX, RX, R, SH, T). Aielli, Alfedena, Castel del Monte, Massa d'Albe, Pacentro, Pietransieri, Scontrone 33. Ophrys xbrunamontei Soca (O. dinarica x O. majellensis (RY, TX). Aielli. 34. Ophrys xcamusii (O. argolica subsp. crabronife-ra x O. sphegodes) (QW, TX). San Benedetto in Perillis. 35. Ophrys xcapistrelloi Soca (O. dinarica x O. te-traloniae). (QY). Capistrello. 36. Ophrys xcapracottae Soca (O. brutia x O. dinarica (PX, Romolini & Soca 2014). Aielli, Pietran-sieri, Roccaraso. 37. Ophrys xcatinii Soca (O. bertolonii x O. pinguis). (PX, QY). Aielli, Capistrello. 38. Ophrys xcouloniana P. Delforge (O. bertolonii x O. promontorii) (L, RX, SH). Alfedena, Campo di Giove, Calascio, Castel del Monte, Collepietro, San Benedetto in Perillis. 39. Ophrys xflahaultii Ladouze (O. apifera x O. sphegodes (S). Ortona dei Marsi. 40. Ophrys xhybrida Pokorny ex Rchb. f. (O. in-sectifera x O. sphegodes). (QW). Roccaraso. 41. Ophrys ximpresciae Soca (O. dinarica x O. pinguis). (PX, QY, TX). Ateleta, Avezzano, Capistrello. 42. Ophrys xlyrata H. Fleischm. (O. bertolonii x O. incubacea). (!, IW, L, Q, RX, S). Aielli, Campo di Giove, Castel di Ieri, Collepietro, Pacentro, San Benedetto in Perillis, Scontrone, Sulmona. 43. Ophrys xpescocanalei Soca (O. pinguis x O. te-traloniae). (PX, QY). Capistrello. 44. Ophrys xpiconei Soca (O. bertolonii x O. dinarica). (PX, Q, QY, RX S). Aielli, Collepietro, Lecce dei Marsi, Rivisondoli. 45. Ophrys xrecchiae Soca (O. dinarica x O. incubacea). (IX, PX, Q, RX, QY, S). Aielli, Collepie-tro, Pacentro. 46. Ophrys xterrae-laboris W. Rossi & F. Minutillo (O. promontorii x O. sphegodes) (!, L, RX, SH). Barrea, Collepietro, Navelli, Ofena, Pietransieri, Raiano, Roccaraso. 47. Ophrys xtrombettensis Soca (O. exaltata susbp. archipelagi x O. sphegodes ). (T). Navelli. Ibrido nuovo per l'Abruzzo. 48. Ophrys xvernacchiae Soca (O. bertoloni x O. brutia). (!, QY, RX): Aielli, Collepietro, Rivisondoli. 49. Ophrys xvespertilio W. Rossi & M. Contorni (O. apifera x O. bertolonii). (TX). Roccaraso. 50. Orchis xamsittenii Hautz (Orchis mascula x O. spitzelií). (T). Scanno. 51. Orchis xangusticruris Franch. ex Rouy (O. purpurea x O. simia). (H, T). Avezzano, Valle Roveto. 52. Orchis xbergonii Nanteuil (O. anthropophora x O. simia). (L). Cocullo. 53. Orchis xbivonae Tod (O. anthropophora x O. italica). Pettorano sul Gizio, Sulmona. 54. Orchis xcolemanii Cortesi (O. mascula x O. pau-ciflora). (!, GX, HF, L, RX, RY, SH, TY). Barrea, Campo di Giove, Cocullo, Gioia dei Marsi, Ma-gliano dei Marsi, Morino, Pescasseroli, Passo del Diavolo, Passo Godi, Roccaraso, Scanno, Scontrone, Valico Capo le Serre (Castel del Monte). 55. Orchis xhybrida (Lindl.) Boenngh. ex Rchb. (O. militaris x O. purpurea). (!, L, RX, SH). Campo Imperatore, Santo Stefano di Sessanio. 56. Orchis xklopfensteiniae P. Delforge (O. pallens x O. spitzelii). (L, T). Passo Godi, Scanno. 57. Orchis xloreziana Brügger (O. mascula x O. pallens). (T). Scanno. 58. Orchis xpenzigiana A. Camus (O. mascula x O. provincialis). (L, TY). Camosciara (Civitella Alfedena), Monti della Meta. 59. Orchis xspuria Rchb. f. (O. anthropophora x O. militaris). (L). Scontrone. L'elenco floristico riportato e costituito da 86 entita ripartite in 22 generi. Tale numero costituisce oltre 88 % delle Orchidacee presenti in Abruzzo e il 40 % presente in Italia (Pezzetta 2011, op. cit.). All'insieme delle specie e sottospecie considerate vanno aggiunti 59 ibridi, di cui 13 nuovi per la Regione. Di conseguenza l'ammon-tare complessivo dei taxa riportati e di 145. L'elenco comprende molte segnalazioni di localita e stazioni inedite che contribuiscono ad allargare l'areale di diffusione dei singoli taxa. 95 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 A causa delle numeróse segnalazioni, nell'elenco si è deciso di riportare Ophrys sphegodes subsp. riojana (C.E. Hermos.) Biagioli & Grünanger, un'entità conside-rata di dubbio valore tassonomico da Delforge (2005). Ad avviso dello scrivente, invece, non sono spiegabi-li le sue segnalazioni in Italia centrale accompagna-te dall'assenza nei territori intermedi rispetto al locus classicus. Probabilmente la sua presenza porterebbe a escludere O. tommasinii ma saranno gli studi successivi ad apportare chiarimenti. L'elenco non comprende le segnalazioni storiche di Ophrys fusca Link subsp. fusca, O. scolopax Cav., O. holosericea (Burm. f.) Greuter subsp apulica O. Danesch & E. Danesch e O. holosericea (Burm. f.) Greuter subsp. holosericea poiché a causa delle recenti revisioni tasso-nomiche vanno escluse dalla flora abruzzese. Le entità segnalate in più località e quindi più diffuse sono nell'ordine: Anacamptis morio, Orchis purpurea, Neotinea tridentata, Ophrys sphegodes, Himan-thoglossum adriaticum, Gymnadenia conopsea, Orchis anthropophora, Orchis pauciflora, Cephalanthera da-masonium, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Ophrys bertolonii, Neotinea Ustulata e Dactylorhiza sambucina. Tra gli ibridi, Orchis 'colemanii è il più comune ed è segnalato in 12 località diverse. Dall'elenco si puo osservare che il genere Ophrys è il più rappresentato con 27 taxa. Le novità tassono-miche descritte recentemente dovrebbero portare ad attribuire molte segnalazioni storiche a qualcuno dei nuovi taxa. Al suo interno il gruppo di Ophrys exalta-ta / sphegodes /incubacea è costituito da 12 taxa (O. archipelagi, Ophrys illyrica, O. brutia, O. incubacea, O. majellensis, O. passionis, O. minipassionis, O. riojana, O. sphegodes, O. tarquinia e O. tommasinii. A sua volta il gruppo di Ophrys holosericea comprende 8 taxa (O. appennina, O. dinarica, O. lacaitae, O. gracilis, O. pinguis, O. personata, O. serotina e O. tetraloniae), Alcune entità di entrambi i gruppi potrebbero essere dubbie. Un taxon molto controverso è O. serotina che Delforge (2005) considera una buona specie mentre per Romolini & Souche (2012) deve essere posto in sinonimia con O. holosericea subsp. tetraloniae. Secondo Faurholdt (2009) O. dinarica deve conside-rarsi una varietà di O. fuciflora (holosericea). Ad avviso di Delforge (comunicazione personale) tutte le sue segnalazioni per l'Abruzzo vanno riferite a Ophrys personata che ha recentemente descritto lui stesso. Tuttavia in attesa di nuovi studi e ricerche, si è deciso di riportare nell'elenco floristico entrambe le specie. Più in generale, come faceva notare Del Prete (1982) si sono descritti nuovi taxa del gruppo in considerazione interpretando come caratteri distintivi piccole differenze morfologi-che. Devey et al. (2009) hanno dimostrato che tra le popolazioni del gruppo presenti nello stesso territorio avvengono flussi genici che portano alla formazione di piante caratterizzate da piccole differenze morfologiche e caratteri intermedi molto variabili che rendono diffi- cile la classificazione. Si tratta di un dato di fatto che posso confermare con le mie osservazioni dirette sul campo. La loro presenza in natura dovrebbe condurre a una revisione tassonomica e altri studi e ricerche. Considerazioni analoghe possono essere applicate anche al gruppo Ophrys exaltata / sphegodes. Ad avviso di Sedeek et al. (2014), dal punto di vista genetico O. sphegodes e O. exaltata sono indistinguibili. In al-cuni casi le differenze morfologiche non sono corrispo-ste da isolamento riproduttivo oppure esemplari simili sono parzialmente isolati dal punto di vista riproduttivo. Queste considerazioni dimostrano che i concetti di specie biologica e di specie filogenetica nei casi esaminati non coincidono e i caratteri morfologici non sono sem-pre utilizzabili con estrema chiarezza per classificare singoli individui. Nell'ambito del gruppo e per il territorio in considerazione, in particolare, pongono nu-merosi problemi di classificazione gli esemplari che da Romolini & Souche (2012) e Soca (2015) sono attribuiti a Ophrys classica, O. aranifera s.l. e O. riojana, e dallo scrivente a O. sphegodes, O. tommasinii e O. illyrica. Altrettanto discusso e lo status di Ophrys bertolonii, che sempre secondo Romolini & Souche (2012) per il territorio in esame e da attribuire a O. romolinii Soca, un taxon dal rango tassonomico ancora controverso che Quitadamo & Rossini (in GIROS 2009) pongono in sinonimia con la prima entita. Il genere Orchis e rappresentato con 11 taxa e al suo interno Orchis mascula subsp. speciosa secondo Gulli & Tosi (in GIROS 2009) e di dubbio valore tassonomico. Il genere Epipactis, a sua volta, comprende 11 entita e nel suo ambito, un taxon dal rango tassonomico discusso e Epipactis helleborine subsp. latina che Bongior-ni et al. (2014) considerano un ecotipo da ricondurre a E. helleborine subsp helleborine con caratteri morfologici mutati a causa di una maggiore esposizione alla luce solare. Il genere Anacamptis, a sua volta e costituto da 5 taxa il cui rango tassonomico sinora non e messo in di-scussione. Anche il genere Dactylorhiza e rappresentato da 5 taxa. Al suo interno pongono problemi di classificazione gli individui da attribuire alle due sottospecie che costituiscono il gruppo di Dactylorhiza maculata. Secondo Conti & Pellegrini (1990) in Abruzzo s'incon-trano popolamenti con caratteri intermedi che rendono difficoltosa l'attribuzione a una delle due sottospecie. Biagioli & Pacifico (in GIROS, 2008), a loro volta so-stengono che l'Italia centrale e una zona di contatto tra gli areali di Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. fuchsii e D. maculata subsp. saccifera in cui s'incontrano popolazio-ni in cui possono prevalere i caratteri dell'uno o dell'al-tro e quindi anche quelli intermedi. Per questo motivo Conti (1995), Pirone (1997) e Conti & Tinti (2008) se-gnalano in varie parti dell'ambito in esame Dactylorhiza maculata s. l. Il genere Platanthera comprende 4 taxa e, allo stato attuale delle conoscenze, in Abruzzo raggiunge la mag- 96 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 Tab. 1: Localita e Comuni della provincia dell'Aquila con presenza di Orchidaceae. I nomi tra parentesi indicano i Comuni di appartenenza. Tab. 1: Lokalitete in občine v provinci Aquila s številom taksonov kukovičevk (Orchidaceae). Imena v oklepajih se nanašajo na pripadajoče občine. Localitá Totale Taxa N° ibridi Localitá Totale Taxa N° ibridi Aielli 29 10 Molinia Aterno 1 Alba Fucens 2 Monte Camicia (Gran Sasso) 3 Alfedena 47 B Montereale 21 Altipiani maggiori 18 Monte Prena (Gran Sasso) 3 Anversa degli Abruzzi 15 Monte Sirente 30 Assergi (L'Aquila) 14 Monte Velino 28 Ateleta 25 B Monti della Meta 4 1 Avezzano 28 2 Morino 25 1 Barisciano 13 Navelli 14 B Barrea 43 6 Ocre 2 Bisegna 13 Ofena 8 2 Bominaco 5 Opi 18 Cagnano Amiterno 10 Ortona dei Marsi 33 7 Calascio 13 1 Ovindoli 8 Campo di Giove 44 B Pacentro 30 B Campo Felice 23 Paganica (L'Aquila) 3 Campo Imperatore 26 1 Passo Godi 21 B Campotosto 34 2 Passo del Diavolo (Gioia dei Marsi) 21 2 Canistro 18 1 Pescina 19 2 Cansano 11 Pescasseroli 12 1 Capestrano 14 2 Pescocostanzo 15 Capistrello 22 5 Pettorano sul Gizio 18 1 Capitignano 28 1 Pietransieri 25 B Caporciano 7 Pizzoli 21 Cappadocia 17 Pratola Peligna 6 Carsoli 14 Raiano 18 1 Castel del Monte 24 B Rivisondoli 28 2 Castel di leri 9 1 Roccacasale 1 Castel di Sangro 28 1 Roccacinquemiglia 12 Castellafiume 7 Rocca di Cambio 4 Castelvecchio Calvisio 5 Rocca di Mezzo 15 Castelvecchio Subequo 9 Rocca Pia 8 1 97 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 Località Totale Taxa N° ibridi Localita Totale Taxa N° ibridi Civitella Alfedena 17 1 Roccaraso 46 9 Cocullo 23 4 San Benedetto in Perillis 22 5 Collarmele 4 Santo Stefano di Sessanio 27 2 Collelongo 16 Scanno 29 5 Collepietro 38 11 Scontrone 37 9 Forca d'Acero (Opi) 10 Scurcola Marsicana 2 Gioia dei Marsi 28 3 Sulmona 16 2 Gioia Vecchia 4 Tagliacozzo 12 Gole di Celano 6 Tornimparte 7 Introdacqua 10 Trasacco 2 L'Aquila 28 1 Valle Peligna 7 Lecce dei Marsi 5 1 Valle Roveto 33 2 Massa d'Albe 20 1 Villalago 14 1 Lucoli 22 1 Villa Santa Lucia 20 Magliano dei Marsi 20 1 Villavallelonga 18 Monte Aquila (Gran Sasso) 3 Villetta Barrea 43 6 gior biodiversita rispetto alle altre regioni peninsulari. La recente descrizione di Platanthera bifolia subsp. osca segnalata per ora solo in poche stazioni dovrebbe portare ad altri studi e ricerche per accertare se e piu diffusa o se nella Provincia e in tutta la Regione sostiuisce o meno la specie nominale. Seguono tutti gli altri generi con valori minori il cui rango tassonomico sinora non e in discussione. Sono discutibili anche le segnalazioni di diversi ibri-di del genere Ophrys. Alla base del processo d'ibrida-zione c'e il fatto che le specie parentali condividono lo stesso insetto pronubo. Poiché ció non e molto comune, si puó ritenere che in certi casi entita descritte come ibride, in realta rappresentino varieta estreme di una specie tipo o dei lusus. Tra i vari ibridi riportati, in particolare sono molto discutibili quelli formati da specie parentali appartenenti allo stesso gruppo quali: Ophrys appennina x O. dinari-ca, O. appennina x O. tetraloniae, O. dinarica x O. gracilis, O. brutia x O. incubacea, O. gracilis x O. pinguis e O. dinarica x O. pinguis. In tutti questi casi gli individui considerati ibridi potrebbero rappresentare delle forme intermedie di transizione tra una specie e l'altra e che quindi ripropongono il problema della corretta defini-zione di ogni singolo taxon e dell'intervallo di variabili-ta dei suoi caratteri. Tali aspetti potranno essere chiariti solo con analisi molecolari che possano dimostrare o no l'esistenza nel DNA di parti appartenenti a entrambe le specie parentali. Sono riportate nella lista rossa della flora italiana (Conti et al. 1992) le seguenti specie: Cypripedium cal-ceolus, Epipactis purpurata e Platanthera algeriensis. Diversi taxa considerati nell'area o nel resto della Regione sono al limite del loro areale. Infatti, - raggiunge in Abruzzo il limite nord-orientale di di-stribuzione geografica Platanthera algeriensis; - raggiungono il limite settentrionale di distribuzio-ne geografica: Epipactis lucana, Ophrys exaltata subsp. achipelagi, Ophrys lacaitae, Ophrys pro-montorii e Platanthera bifolia subsp. osca. - raggiunge il suo limite meridionale di distribuzio-ne geografica in Abruzzo Traunsteinera globosa. - raggiunge il suo limite orientale in Abruzzo Ophrys pinguis. Nella Provincia aquilana, inoltre, secondo Gransin-gh et al. (2012), Orchis pupurea raggiunge il suo limite altimetrico in Italia innalzandolo di oltre 200 metri. Nella Tabella 1 è riportato l'indice delle località in cui sono segnalati i vari taxa. Si puo osservare che il loro numero è di 96 e sono comprese in 78 Comuni. Il mag-gior numero di entità con oltre 40 è segnalato nei terri-tori dei seguenti Comuni: Alfedena, Roccaraso, Campo di Giove e L'Aquila che comprende le frazioni di Asser-gi, Paganica e parte del massiccio del Gran Sasso. Nel 98 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 complesso si puo dire che nell'aquilano le Orchidaceae s'incontrano un po' dappertutto. Le indicazioni per località portano a integrare e ac-crescere i taxa presenti negli Altipiani Maggiori (Pirone 1997) e, nei massicci del Sirente (Guarrera & Tammaro 1996) e Velino (Petriccione 1993). Esse forniscono anche una prima e generale ripartizione nel territorio di studio di tutti gli ibridi sinora osservati. Dalla Tabella 2 emerge che le varie entità censite si ripartiscono in 19 diversi corotipi, un dato che conferma che l'Abruzzo è un crocevia di correnti migratorie di diversa origine e distribuzione geografica. L'analisi corologica evidenzia la dominanza dell'e-lemento mediterraneo con 25 taxa. Esso è seguito da-gli elementi: eurasiatico con 22, endemico ed europeo con 16, nordico con 4 e mediterraneo-atlantico con 3. Questi dati dimostrano che nel comprensorio domina-no le Orchidaceae tipiche degli ambienti temperati ap-partenenti ai corotipi euroasiatici, europeo-caucasico, europeo, centro-europeo, subatlantico, ecc. che sono presenti sino a circa 1700-1800 metri d'altitudine. Tra le entità endemiche, di cui 10 appartenenti al genere Ophrys, in base alle conoscenze attuali, è esclusi-va della provincia aquilana e quindi anche dell'Abruzzo Ophrys personata, mentre tutte le altre sono segnalate anche in altre regioni. In particolare: - si puo considerare un endemita peninsulare presente in modo più o meno continuo dalle regioni set-tentrionali a quelle meridionali: Ophrys appennina; - si possono considerare endemiche dell'Italia centrale: Ophrys pinguis e O. sphegodes subsp. tarquinia; - si possono considerare endemiche dell'Italia cen-tro-meridionale: Ophrys argolica subsp. crabroni-fera, O. brutia, O. exaltata susbp. archipelagi, O. fusca subsp. lucana, O. holosericea subsp. gracilis, O. minipassionis O. promontorii e Platanthera bifolia subsp. osca. Nel territorio in esame sono segnalate anche otto specie appennino-balcaniche e una mediterraneo-orientale che rappresentano forme relitte, che documen-tano processi migratori avvenuti in ere geologiche passate tra le penisole italiane e balcaniche. CONCLUSIONI Il territorio esaminato si presenta molto interessante per quanto riguarda la presenza delle Orchidaceae, poiché, tenendo conto di quanto riportato in Pezzetta (2011, op. cit.) il numero di taxa è superiore rispetto a quello di diverse regioni peninsulari, pur considerando discutibile e/o da confermare lo status tassonomico di alcuni di essi. Le nuove segnalazioni d'ibridi e gli arrangiamenti tassonomici devono portare anche a un nuovo conteg-gio delle orchidacee regionali. Nel complesso la presenza di numerose entità appartenenti a questa importante famiglia conferma l'im- Tab. 2: Corotipi delle Orchidacee della provincia dell'Aquila. Tab. 2: Horotipi kukovičevk (Orchidaceae) v provinci Aquila. Elementi geografici Numero taxa % Endemico e Subendemico 16 18.6 Endemico 12 Subendemico 4 Mediterraneo 25 29.08 Eurimediterraneo 12 Stenomediterraneo 9 Mediterraneo-Orientale 1 Mediterraneo-Occidentale 3 Eurasiatico 22 25.58 Eurasiatico s. s. 8 Europeo-Caucasico 7 Eurosiberiano 4 Paleotemperato 3 Nordico 4 4.65 Artico-Alpino 1 Circumboreale 3 Europeo 16 18.6 Europeo s. s. 3 Centro-Europeo 4 Orofita Sud-Europeo 1 Appennino-Balcanico 7 Sud-Est-Europeo 1 Mediterraneo-Atlantico 3 3.49 Mediterraneo-Atlantico 2 Subatlantico 1 Totale 86 100 portanza naturalística della provincia aquilana e avva-lorano le scelte che hanno portato a istituirvi i parchi e le riserve naturali. 99 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 RINGRAZIAMENTI Si ringraziano: - Ciaschetti Giampiero, Paolo Grünanger e Gian-franco Pirone per aver fornito importantissime in-formazioni e indicazioni bibliografiche; - Griebl Norbert, Lastoria Michele, Muller Gabi, Renato Nicolai e Remy Souche per aver gentilmente fornito l'elenco di stazioni, taxa e ibridi inediti ri-portati nel presente lavoro. - Ludmillla Erofeeva e Bruno Vigini per la collabora-zione tecnica. Fig.1/Sl. 1: Cypripedium calceolus (Photo: A. Pezzetta) Fig.2/Sl.2: Dactylorhiza incarnata (Photo: A. Pezzetta) 100 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Amelio PEZZETTA : LE ORCHIDACEAE DELLA PROVINCIA DELL'AQUILA, 85-104 KUKAVIČEVKE POKRAJINE L'AQUILA Amelio Pezzetta Via Monte Peralba 34 - 34149 Trieste e-mail: fonterossi@libero.it POVZETEK Pokrajina L'Aquila je del dežele Abruci. Za ozemlje te province je značilna izjemna floristična pestrost, ki naj bi štela med 2300 in 2500 taksonov višjih rastlin. Pričujoči prispevek, ki temelji na terenskih raziskavah avtorja in na nekaterih neobjavljenih podatkih drugih strokovnjakov, obravnava prvi seznam kukavičevk in kronološko analizo, ki kaže na rahlo prevladovanje sredozemskih elementov. Avtor poroča o 84 taksonih kukavičevke, od materi je 14 endemičnih ali subendemičnih ter 7 taksonov, ki so na robu njihovega območja razširjenosti. Dobljeni podatki potrjujejo velik floristični pomen province. 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Gussone (1842): Memorie sulle pe-regrinazioni eseguite dai soci ordinari Singori M. Tenore e G. Gussone. Stamperia Reale, Napoli. Tomaselli, R., A. Balduzzi, S. Filipello (1973): Carta bioclimatica d'Italia. Collana verde n°33. Ministero Agricoltura e Foreste, Roma. 104 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Original scientific article DOI 10.19233/ASHN.2016.11 Received: 2016-05-19 OPHRYS ILLYRICA S.HERTEL & K.HERTEL (ORCHIDACEAE), A NEW SPECIES IN THE SLOVENIAN FLORA Igor PAU$IC, 1an CENC & Branko BAKAN Biology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroska c. 160, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia e-mail: igor.pausic@um.si ABSTRACT Two late flowering specimens from the Ophrys incubacea group were observed, the first specimen on 11th May 2016 and the second on 19th May 2016 on limestone in the area of Veli Badin above Socerga, SW Slovenia. Floral macro-morphological characteristics were as follows: very lax inflorescence with small flowers, dark reddish-brown, horizontally aligned lip. The lip was slightly convex, without basal swellings, and with hairless, orange-brown border of the lip (rim) curved upwards. Stigmatic cavity was concolourous with the lip, higher than broader, strongly constricted at the base. Speculum was glossy, dark bluish, edged whitish, n shaped, not branched. Due to the macro-morphological characteristics and late beginning of flowering phase, two specimens were determined as Ophrys illyrica S.Hertel & K.Hertel (Orchidaceae), a new bee orchid species in the Slovenian flora. Keywords: Orchidaceae, Ophrys illyrica, Veli Badin, Istria, SW Slovenia OPHRYS ILLYRICA S.HERTEL & K.HERTEL (ORCHIDACEAE), NUOVA SPECIE NELLA FLORA SLOVENA SINTESI Due esemplari in fioritura tardiva, appartenenti al gruppo Ophrys incubacea, sono stati osservati!'11 maggio e 19 maggio 2016, sulla pietra calcarea nella zona di Veli Badin, sopra Socerga (Slovenia SO). Le caratteristiche macro--morfologiche floreali comprendevano un'infiorescenza molto molle con piccoli fiori, di colore rosso-marrone scuro, con il labello allineato orizzontalmente. Il labello era leggermente convesso, senza rigonfiamenti basali, senza peli, con il bordo arancio-marrone e ricurvo verso l'alto. La cavita stigmatica era piu alta che larga e fortemente ristretta alla base. La macula era lucida, di colore bluastro scuro, con gli orli biancastri, a forma di n, non ramificata. Viste le caratteristiche macro-morfologiche e il tardo inizio della fase di fioritura, i due campioni sono stati determinati come Ophrys illyrica S.Hertel & K.Hertel (Orchidaceae), una nuova specie di orchidee nella flora slovena. Parole chiave: Orchidaceae, Ophrys illyrica, Veli Badin, Istria, Slovenia SO 105 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Igor PAUSIC, Zan CENC & Branko BAKAN: OPHRYS ILLYRICA S.HERTEL & K.HERTEL (ORCHIDACEAE), A NEW ..., 105-112 INTRODUCTION The orchid genus Ophrys is known for its distinctive floral morphology and remarkable pseudocopulatory reproductive strategy (Cozzolino & Scopece, 2008; Devey et al., 2008; Schiestl & Cozzolino, 2008; Cortis et al., 2009). Ophrys incubacea s.l. (sensu lato) is, according to Delforge (2006) a group of ten western species, and some varieties, distributed from Spain to Italy, Slovenia and Croatia, Montenegro and Albania to the southeast. Some of them are very localized, like Ophrys sipontensis R. Lorenz & Gembardt which is endemic to the south of mount Gargano (Siponto plain) in Italy and Ophrys aveyronen-sis (J. J. Wood) P. Delforge, endemic to the south of the French Massif Central, mainly on the Causse du Larzac (Delforge, 2006). All species of this group tend to have broad petals, their stigmatic cavities of the same dark colour as the central part of their lip, which tells them apart from those of the closely related, Ophrys sphegodes s.l. group which always have the stigmatic cavity lighter than the central part of the lip (Delforge, 2006). According to Martincic et al. (2007), 8 species from the genus Ophrys are present within the Slovenian territory, 2 of them belonging to the Ophrys incubacea group: Ophrys incubacea s.s. (sensu stricto) and Ophrys tommasinii Visiani. Ophrys incubacea Bianca is restricted to Istria with less than five known localities in Slovenia. For Slovenian coast (Piran and Koper) this species was already mentioned by Marchesetti (1896-1897) using the synonym Ophrys atrata Lindl. Ophrys incubacea s.s. was/is often confused with Ophrys sphegodes s.s. for different reasons. Its actual distribution in Slovenia is much more localized than many authors assume or claim. In Slovenia, the occurrence of the second taxa, Ophrys tommasinii, syn. Ophrys aranifera subsp. tommasinii (Visiani) E.G. Camus, still remains questionable. Hertel and Hertel (2002) have presented a paper in Journal Europäischer Orchideen devoted to orchids from Croatian Istria. They report on late flowering group of Ophrys sphegodes-like species with relatively small flowers, but belonging to the Ophrys incubacea group. They flower successively and are quite easily distinguished by the numerous morphological features (Tab. 1). They consider the early, in April flowering species, as Ophrys tommasinii, and name the other one, flowering from early May to mid-June as Ophrys illyrica S. Hertel & K. Hertel, synonym Ophrys araneola subsp. illyrica (S.Hertel & K. Hertel) Kreutz. It is possible to distinguish both species according to the following morphological features (see also Tab. 1): - The stigmatic cavity is always significantly higher for an equivalent breadth at Ophrys illyrica and the stigmatic head is laced stronger than that of Ophrys tommasinii. - The column (gynostemium) always makes a larger angle with the lip in the case of Ophrys illyrica, as it does by Ophrys tommasinii where they are roughly parallel. - The lip of Ophrys tommasinii frequently shows small round gibbosities (swellings) usually absent in Ophrys illyrica, the flowers of which don't quickly fade after anthesis. - Ophrys illyrica flowers almost a month later than the Ophrys tommasinii in the same altitudes. According to Ravnik (2002) and Dolinar (2015), Ophrys tommasinii grows in Slovenian Istria (Krkavce, Marezige, Socerga). Ophrys illyrica on the other hand was thought to be a Croatian endemic (Delforge, 2006). Ophrys illyrica is the third and last flowering species of small flowered Ophrys sphegodes-like species in southern Istria and Kvarner archipelago. Its locus typicus being on the island of Cres. The species was already recorded from the Rijeka area, southern part of Istrian peninsula, island of Krk, Cres and Losinj islands (Rottensteiner et al., 2014). Central Istria was thought to be the northernmost border of its areal (Rottensteiner et al., 2014). The other two species referred to, are Ophrys tommasinii and, controversial Ophrys incantata Devillers & Devillers-Tersch. (probably the Ophrys tommasinii in the Northern Adriatic). In Croatia, the flowering period of three Ophrys species with small flowers follow each other. It begins in central and southern Dalmatia with Ophrys incantata in March and early April. According to Delforge (Delforge, 2006), Ophrys incantata belongs to the Ophrys axaltata group. According to the Flora Croat-ica Database (Nikolic, 2015), this species is restricted to the central Dalmatia (Dalmatinska zagora, Primosten). On the other hand, Kranjcev (2005) doesn't mention the species Ophrys incantata for Croatia at all. The species Ophrys tommasinii follows in April and Ophrys illyrica is the last one, flowering from May to mid-June. To summarize, Hertel and Hertel (2002) describe a small flowered species from Croatia as Ophrys illyrica, which is in flower in May and June, about a month later than Ophrys tommasinii. Its stigmatic cavity is higher and the stigmatic head is laced stronger than that of Ophrys tommasinii. The horizontally aligned lip is a characteristic feature of Ophrys illyrica (in addition to the late flowering). The colour of the labellum is a dark reddish brown, while the labellum of Ophrys tommasinii has a lighter yellowish brown colour. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two late flowering specimens from the Ophrys incubacea s.l. group were observed on 11th May and 19th May 2016 on limestone in the area of Veli Badin above Socerga (Figs. 1 and 2D) in the altitude of about 330 m in dry grassland belonging to the Satureion subspicatea alliance. Its floral macro-morphological characteristics were compared with those of the Ophrys incubacea group members: Ophrys illyrica, Ophrys incubacea s.s. and Ophrys tommasinii, but also with Ophrys sphegodes 106 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Igor PAUSIC, Zan CENC & Branko BAKAN: OPHRYS ILLYRICA S.HERTEL & K.HERTEL (ORCHIDACEAE), A NEW ..., 105-112 Fig. 1: Map of Slovenia with the Ophrys illyrica locality in Slovenian Istria. Sl. 1: Karta Slovenije in lokacija rastišča Ilirskega mačjega ušesa (Ophrys illyrica) v slovenski Istri. s.s. (Ophrys sphegodes group) in order to determine its taxonomic status. All photographs and measurements were done in the field. RESULTS The plants were 27 cm and 30.8 cm tall, with 7 flowers and 5 flowers. Only two of the flowers per each plant were fully opened at the time of observation (Figures 2A and 2C). Both inflorescences were very lax. The lip was horizontally aligned (Fig. 2B), entire, small, in average 9.8 mm long, dark reddish-brown, flat, slightly convex and without basal swellings. The border of the lip (rim) was hairless, orange-brown curved upwards. Speculum was glossy, dark bluish, edged whitish, n shaped, not branched. Stigmatic cavity was concolorous with lip, strongly constricted at its base, bluish specular stage was clearly visible. Pseudo eyes were blackish, encircled pale bluish with a whitish bridle. Petals were broadly lanceolate with the undulated rim (Fig. 2A). The column was not parallel with the lip (Fig. 2B). Due to the morphological features (Tab. 1) in addition to the late flowering, both observed specimens were determined as the Ophrys illyrica. DISCUSSION The potential occurrence of the late flowering, Ophrys sphegodes-like specimens from the Ophrys in-cubacea s.l. group in the Slovenian Istria was already speculated (Dolinar, 2015; Kaligaric, 1991; Ravnik, 2002). Dolinar (2015) mentions the occurrence of the Ophrys tommasinii in Slovenian Istria. Pospichal (1897) mentions the occurrence of the Ophrys tommasinii (syn. Ophrys aranifera Huds. Fl.), but only for central and southern Istria (Svetvincenat, Barban, Brsica). Also Pospichal (1897) mentions the occurrence of the Ophrys fucifera Sm. Brit. (Ophrys fucifera is a synonym of Ophrys sphegodes Mill.). The author distinguishes between three types: a- forma typica (Ophrys sphegodes s.s.), species is common in flysch (Koper, Izola), B- atrata (Ophrys incubacea s.s.), species restricted to limestone, terra rossa and y- pseudospeculum (Volovica, Pazin). The pseudospeculum form flowers till June. It seem quite possible that, according to Pospichal (1897), the pseudospeculum term refers to Ophrys illyrica due to its late flowering. Ophrys illyrica specimens from Veli Badin only started flowering at the time of the observation, according to Dolinar (2015) Ophrys tommasinii 107 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Igor PAUSIC, Zan CENC & Branko BAKAN: OPHRYS ILLYRICA S.HERTEL & K.HERTEL (ORCHIDACEAE), A NEW ..., 105-112 Tab. 1: Floral macro- morphological and other differences between members of the Ophrys incubacea group, native to Slovenia and Ophrys sphegodes s.s. according to Delforge (2006) and Rottensteiner et al. (2014). Tab. 1: Makro- morfološke razlike cvetov ter druge razlike med, v Sloveniji samoniklimi vrstami mačjih ušes iz oblikovnega kroga Ophrys incubacea in Ophrys sphegodes. Povzeto po Delforge (2006) in Rottensteiner s sod. (2014). Ophrys incubacea group Ophrys sphegodes group Ophrys tommasinii Ophrys incubacea s.s. Ophrys illyrica specimens from Veli Badin Ophrys sphegodes s.s. Inflorescence rather dense (2-11 small flowers) lax (3-8 relatively large flowers) very lax (2-10 small flowers) very lax with 7 flowers and 5 flowers lax (3-12 flowers) Sepals spreading, whitish-green, lanceolate green (slightly whitish), rarely pinkish, spreading, oval-lanceolate spreading, greenish, lanceolate spreading, greenish, lanceolate broadly oval-lanceolate, bright green, whitish green, yellowish or olive-green Petals narrowly lanceolate, entire, chestnut-brown to yellowish-brown green to brown, sometimes pink, darker than sepals, narrowly to broadly lanceolate broadly lanceolate, margins undulate yellowish-brown broadly lanceolate, margins undulate, yellowish-brown spreading, greenish-yellow to olive-green, of various shape: oblong, lanceolate, oval, margins strongly undulate Lip light yellowish brown , pronounced convex, with rounded basal swellings, not longer than 9 mm entire or obscurely 3 lobed, up to 14 mm long, dark brown to blackish, margins turned down dark reddish-brown, slightly convex without basal swellings, 9.5-10 mm long horizontally aligned, dark reddish-brown, slightly convex without basal, 9.6- 10 mm long chestnut brown, reddish-brown, entire rarely 3 lobed, up to 15 mm long, convex, margins turned down Basal swellings more or less marked prominent triangular basal swellings, up to 4 mm high, hairless on inner side absent absent more or less well marked Speculum basal, drab, dark greyish, edged whitish central, rather simple forming H shape, blue, glossy, rarely edged whitish basal, slightly glossy, dark bluish, often edged whitish n shaped, glossy, dark bluish, edged whitish greyish to bluish, glossy, often simply forming a thickened H shape Stigmatic cavity paler, greenish- grey, with a blurred bluish to whitish specular stage, not obvious concolourous with the centre of the lip, contrasting with their whitish edges, floor with a strongly contrasting white or pale bluish specular stage concolourous with lip, higher than broad, strongly constricted at the base concolourous with lip, higher than broad, strongly constricted at the base and basal field rather reduced, coloration paler than centre of the lip, stigmatic cavity rounded Pseudo-eyes greenish-grey, iridescent, rather large and globular circular, spotted black or blue in centre, edged pale blue blackish, contrastingly encircled pale bluish blackish, contrastingly encircled whitish-pale bluish iridescent greenish-grey, sometimes encircled with pale greenish 108 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Igor PAUSIC, Zan CENC & Branko BAKAN: OPHRYS ILLYRICA S.HERTEL & K.HERTEL (ORCHIDACEAE), A NEW ..., 105-112 Flowering season end III, IV, early V III-V late flowering: a month later than O. tommasinii V, mid VI mid V (beginning of the flowering phase) mid III to late IV in Istria (late III-mid V in continental Slovenia) Pollinator Andrena vulpecula (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) Andrena morio (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) Andrena pandellei (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) Pollinator was not observed in the field Andrena nigroaenea, A. barbilabris, A. cineraria, A. limata (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) ends with flowering phases in Slovenian Istria already in the mid-April. The flowering period of the Ophrys sphegodes s.s. in Slovenian Istria extends from mid-March till the end of April. Because of the poorly known distribution of Ophrys illyrica in Slovenia, this taxon should definitely belong to the Slovenian Red List as a vulnerable taxon (V). The reason for this lack of data for Slovenia is mainly due to morphological similarity with the Ophrys sphegodes s.s. It is of great importance to closely observe late flowering specimens from the Ophrys incubacea group which are flowering from May till June and resemble Ophrys sphegodes s.s. On the other hand, closer inspection of the inflorescence and floral elements reveals quite sufficient and reliable mor- phological dissimilarities between Ophrys sphegodes s.s. and Ophrys illyrica, but also Ophrys tommasinii and Ophrys illyrica. The occurrence of this taxon in Slovenia is not surprising, and it is likely to have more localities elsewhere in the Slovenian Istria. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Sincere thanks to dr. Matej Lipovšek, Branko Dolinar and Jože Kosec for the confirmation of the Ophrys illyrica locality at Veli Badin, Sočerga. Sincere thanks to Dietmar Jakely and prof. Helmut Presser for their help in the determination of Ophrys illyrica. Thanks to Mihael J. Kocjan for providing Fig. 1. 109 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Igor PAUŠIČ, Žan CENC & Branko BAKAN: OPHRYS ILLYRICA S.HERTEL & K.HERTEL (ORCHIDACEAE), A NEW ..., 105-112 Fig. 2: Ophrys illyrica at Veli Badin, Istria, SW Slovenia; A- frontal view of the flower, B- lateral view, C- habitus, D- habitat (Photo: I. Paušič, 19.5.2016). Sl. 2: Ilirsko mačje uho (Ophrys illyrica) z rastišča Veli Badin, Istra, JZ Slovenija; A- sprednji pogled na cvet, B-stranski pogled, C- celotna rastlina, D- habitat (Photo: I. Paušič, 19.5.2016). 110 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Igor PAUSIC, Zan CENC & Branko BAKAN: OPHRYS ILLYRICA S.HERTEL & K.HERTEL (ORCHIDACEAE), A NEW ..., 105-112 OPHRYS ILLYRICA S.HERTEL & K.HERTEL (ORCHIDACEAE), NOVA VRSTA V FLORI SLOVENIJE Igor PAUŠIČ, Žan CENC & Branko BAKAN Biology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška c. 160, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia e-mail: igor.pausic@um.si POVZETEK Na območju spodmolov Veli Badin nad Sočergo (Istra, JZ Slovenija) smo 11. in 19. maja 2016 naleteli na dva, kasno cvetoča primerka mačjih ušes (rod Ophrys) iz oblikovnega kroga Ophrys incubacea. Primerka sta imela majhne cvetove in rahlo socvetje. Vodoravno nastavljena medena ustna je bila temno, rdečerjavo obarvana in le rahlo konveksna, brez lateralnih grbin. Rob medene ustne je bil svetlejšega odtenka, oranžno rjav, z rahlo navzgor uvihanim robom. Brazdna votlina je bila pri obeh primerkih višja kot široka, na bazi močno zažeta. Risba (lat. macula) je bila bleščeča, modro obarvana s kontrastno, belo obrobo, ne razvejana. Zaradi omenjenih makro morfoloških znakov cvetov in kasnega začetka cvetenja smo najdena primerka mačjih ušes determinirali kot Ilirsko mačje uho, Ophrys illyrica S.Hertel & K.Hertel (Orchidaceae), novo vrsto v flori Slovenije. Ključne besede: Orchidaceae, Ophrys illyrica, Veli Badin, Istra, JZ Slovenija 111 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Igor PAUSIC, Zan CENC & Branko BAKAN: OPHRYS ILLYRICA S.HERTEL & K.HERTEL (ORCHIDACEAE), A NEW ..., 105-112 REFERENCES Cortis, P, N.J. Vereecken, F.P. Schiestl, M.R. Barone Lumaga, A. Scrugli & S. Cozzolino (2009): Pollinator convergence and the nature of species' boundaries in sympatric Sardinian Ophrys (Orchidaceae). Annals of Botany, 104, 497-506. Cozzolino, S. & G. Scopece (2008): Specificity in pollination and consequences for postmating reproductive isolation in deceptive Mediterranean orchids. 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Magnes, M. Martinez- Azorin, V. Melzheimer, V. Mikolaš, M. Münch, I.M. Munda, C. Neinhuis, K. Oswald, H. Paulus, M. Pinter, A. Podobnik, A. Polatschek, J.P. Reduron, D. Schantl, U. Starmühler, I. Uhlemann, H. Uhlich, E. Vitek, R. Vogt, G. Wagenitz, H.G. Wagner, J. Walter, S.J.U. Wanke, H.E. Weber, F.H.E. Weberling & G. Wiegleb (2014): Exkursionsflora für Istrien. Verlag des Naturwissenschaftlichen vereins für Kärnten, Klagenfurt, 1014 pp. Schiestl, F. & S. Cozzolino (2008): Evolution of sexual mimicry in the orchid subtribe Orchidinae: the role of preadaptations in the attraction of male bees as pollinators. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 8, 27. 112 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 izvirni znanstveni članek DOI 10.19233/ASHN.2016.12 prejeto: 2016-05-19 PRISPEVEK K POZNAVANJU RAZŠIRJENOSTI METULJASTE KUKAVICE ANACAMPTIS PAPILIONACEA (L.) R.M.BATEMAN, PRIDGEON & M.W.CHASE, 1997 (ORCHIDACEAE) NA SEVERNI MEJI AREALA VRSTE Žan CENC & Igor PAUŠIČ Biology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška c. 160, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia e-mail: zan.cenc@um.si & igor.pausic@um.si IZVLEČEK Metuljasta kukavica (Anacamptis papilionacea) je vrsta, ki se široko pojavlja predvsem v zahodnem in osrednjem delu Sredozemlja. Poročamo o odkritju dveh novih nahajališč te mediteranske vrste (Sv. Anton, Istra) in Fokovci (Goričko); slednje nahajališče je zelo oddaljeno od njenega sredozemskega areala. Razpravljamo o razširjenosti in širjenju vrste proti severu in vzhodu, vse od najdbe Wraberja iz leta 1975. Goričko je morda najsevernejše znano nahajališče te vrste sploh. Prav to, pa tudi nahajališča na Dolenjskem in v Vipavski dolini, nakazuje širjenje vrste proti celini z disperzijo na dolge razdalje, prav mogoče tudi zaradi globalnega segrevanja. Ključne besede: Orchidaceae, Anacamptis papilionacea, razširjenost, novi lokaciji, Slovenija CONTRIBUTO ALLA CONOSCENZA DELLA DISTRIBUZIONE DELL'ORCHIDEA FARFALLA ANACAMPTIS PAPILIONACEA (L.) R.M.BATEMAN, PRIDGEON & M.W.CHASE, 1997 (ORCHIDACEAE) SUL CONFINE SETTENTRIONALE DELL'AREALE DELLA SPECIE SINTESI L'orchidea farfalla (Anacamptis papilionacea) è una specie largamente distribuita, in particolare nella parte occidentale e centrale del Mediterraneo. Gli autori riportano due nuove località di ritrovamento di questa specie, la prima è Sant'Antonio (Istria), la seconda è Fokovci (Goricko), che è molto distante dall'areale mediterraneo della specie. Gli autori discutono la distribuzione e la diffusione della specie verso nord e verso est, dal suo primo ritrovamento da parte di Wraber nel 1975. Goricko è forse la località più settentrionale conosciuta nell'intero areale di distribuzione della specie. I ritrovamenti di A. papilionacea nella Bassa Carniola e nella Valle del Vipacco suggeriscono la diffusione della specie verso la zona continentale con una dispersione su lunghe distanze, probabilmente anche a causa del riscaldamento globale. Parole chiave: Orchidaceae, Anacamptis papilionacea, distribuzione, nuove località, Slovenia 113 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Žan CENC & Igor PAUŠIC: PRISPEVEK K POZNAVANJU RAZŠIRJENOSTI METULJASTE KUKAVICE ANACAMPTIS PAPILIONACEA (L.) R.M.BATEMAN, ..., 113-118 UVOD Metuljasto kukavico, Anacamptis papilionacea (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase, 1997 (Orchida-ceae) razlikujemo od preostalih naših samoniklih vrst kukavičevk (Orchidaceae) predvsem zaradi značilnega videza, oblike medene ustne ter po velikih rdeče-rožnatih cvetovih. Glede morfoloških lastnosti cvetov je vrsta izredno variabilna. Predvsem medena ustna se pojavlja v različnih barvnih odtenkih in z vzorci, zaradi katerih številni avtorji prepoznajo posamezne podvrste, ekotipe (Delforge, 2005). Metuljasta kukavica je južnoevropsko-mediteranska vrsta (Aeschimann s sod., 2004), njena razširjenost obsega območje večjega dela Mediteranskega bazena južno od Alp. Vrsta se pojavlja v severni Afriki, na Iberskem, Apeninskem in Balkanskem polotoku ter na vzhodu do Anatolije in Kavkaza (Delforge, 2005). Zahodna Romunija (pokrajina Banat) (Delforge, 2005) je veljala do sedaj kot območje kjer doseže areal vrste severno mejo. Flora Helvetica (Lauber & Wagner, 2001) za Švico navaja enkratno najdbo metuljaste kukavice v južnem predelu kantona Tessin, južnoalpsko področje, prav tako na severni meji area- la vrste. V Sloveniji je metuljasta kukavica zavarovana kot tudi vse druge kukavice (Anonymus, 2004) in na Rdeči seznam uvrščena kot ranljiva vrsta (V) (Wraber & Skoberne, 1989; Anonymus, 2002). V sosednji Hrvaški je prav tako uvrščena na rdeči seznam kot ranljiva vrsta (Nikolic & Topic, 2005). Največ njenih nahajališč je znanih v Istri, redkejša je na področju Kvarnerja in Dalmacije (Kranjčev, 2005; Rottensteiner s sod., 2014). V notranjosti Hrvaške pa njeno pojavljanje ni znano (Nikolic, 2011; Kranjčev, 2005). METODE V prispevku obravnavamo pregled literaturnih virov o pojavljanju vrste v Sloveniji ter predstavljamo dve novi rastišči metuljaste kukavice (Anacamptis papilionacea) v slovenski Istri ter v Prekmurju. REZULTATI IN RAZPRAVA Pregled rastišč metuljaste kukavice v Sloveniji Prve omembe pojavljanja metuljaste kukavice za širše območje Slovenije izhajajo še iz časa Scopolija, Sl. 1: Razširjenost metuljaste kukavice (Anacamptis papilionacea) v Sloveniji. Vključeni so arhaični podatki o rastiščih kjer se vrsta danes ne pojavlja več, kot tudi na novo odkrite lokacije. Fig. 1: Distribution of the Butterfly orchid (Anacamptis papilionacea) in Slovenia. The map is representing recent distribution of the species but also showing locations where the orchid is believed to be extinct. 114 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Žan CENC & Igor PAUŠIC: PRISPEVEK K POZNAVANJU RAZŠIRJENOSTI METULJASTE KUKAVICE ANACAMPTIS PAPILIONACEA (L.) R.M.BATEMAN, ..., 113-118 ki v 2. izdaji »Kranjske flore« (Flora Carniolica, 1772) omenja metuljasto kukavico v toplejših predelih Kranjske (»Habitat in Carniolia calidiore«, mišljeno je območje Istre), vendar točnih lokacij ne navaja (Wraber, 1975). O tej kukavici sta v tistem času za »toplejšo Kranjsko« pisala tudi Fleischman in Tommasini (Wra-ber, 1975), čeprav sta Marchesetti in Pospichal (1897) »toplejšo Kranjsko« opredelila kot območje Istre južneje od Savudrije. V Furlaniji-Julijski krajini Poldini navaja lokaliteto na apnenčastem osamelcu pri kraju Medea in v Tržaškem zalivu pri kraju Stramare, tik ob meji s Slovenijo (Poldini, 2009). Metuljasta kukavica je v Sloveniji redka vrsta, ki jo je T. Wraber 29.4.1975 našel na Steni v dolini Dragonje ter istega dne še pri razvalini Štefanove cerkve (Sv. Štefan) v dolini Dragonje (Wraber, 1975). 11. maja 1975 je takratna študentka biologije Danica Erjavec našla metuljasto kukavico na zahodnem grebenu hriba Grad nad vasjo Sočerga v slovenski Istri (Wraber, 1975). Wraber je že leta 1975 domneval, da se vrsta pojavlja tudi v Vipavski dolini. Fleischmann omenja pojavljanje vrste v Vipavski do- lini pri Vipavi (Fleischmann, 1844), navaja kvadrant 0149/4, vendar kasneje botaniki vrste tu niso več našli. 28.4.2011 sta Figelj in Slameršek vrsto našla tudi v Vipavski dolini na travnikih, ki ležijo med vasjo Poreče ter Mlakami pri Vipavi, prvič po letu 1844 (Figelj & Slameršek, 2011). Danes so znana rastišča v Vipavski dolini pri vasi Poreče pri Podnanosu (Figelj & Slameršek, 2011), vasi Cesta (Dakskobler, Anderle, Zupan & Vreš, 2013) in vasi Stomaž (Dakskobler, Anderle, Zupan & Vreš, 2013). Na kraškem robu nad vasjo Podpeč je vrsto odkril Kaligarič (Kaligarič, 1991). Metuljasta kukavica je bila do nedavnega v Sloveniji znana le iz submediteranskega fitogeografskega območja. Leta 2014 je bila prvič popisana na Dolenjskem (Je-rin & Jogan, 2014), leto zatem pa še na Goričkem (Sl. 1). Nova rastišča metuljaste kukavice v Sloveniji 0449/3 Slovenija: Primorska, Istra, vzhodno od naselja Sv. Anton, suh travnik na flišu, 342 m. Det. I. Pau-šič & Ž. Cenc, 10.5.2016. Sl. 2: Metuljasta kukavica (Anacamptis papilionacea): A- Primorska, Istra, vzhodno od naselja Sv. Anton, B- Prek-murje, Goričko, Fokovci. Fotografija A - Igor Paušič, fotografija B - Kristjan Malačič. Fig. 2: Butterfly orchid (Anacamptis papilionacea): A- Primorska, Istria, east of the settlement Sv. Anton, B- Prek-murje, Goričko, Fokovci. Photos by: A- Igor Paušič, B- Kristjan Malačič. 115 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Žan CENC & Igor PAUŠIC: PRISPEVEK K POZNAVANJU RAZŠIRJENOSTI METULJASTE KUKAVICE ANACAMPTIS PAPILIONACEA (L.) R.M.BATEMAN, ..., 113-118 10.5.2016 smo zabeležili metuljasto kukavico na suhem travniku, na flišu, vzhodno od naselja Sv. Anton v slovenski Istri, na nadmorski višini 340 m. Lokacija se nahaja ob cesti, na poti od Sv. Antona proti Kubedu, blizu gostilne Mohoreč. Za travnik je značilna zaraščajoča se submediteransko-ilirska združba Danthonio-Scorzo-neretum villosae. Na flišu v slovenski Istri metuljasta kukavica še ni bila zabeležena. Na rastišču smo zabeležili en cvetoč primerek (Sl. 2A), v neposredni bližini pa še 2 primerka Orchis x gennarii, križanca med Ana-camptis papilionacea in Anacamptis morio. V neposredni bližini je bilo prisotnih več še cvetočih primerkov A. morio, sicer pa sta bila v združbi prisotni tudi vrsti Serapias vomeracea in Neotinea tridentata. Travnik na južni strani meji na cesto, na severni pa na grmiščno združbo puhastega hrasta in črnega gabra (Ostryo car-pinifoliae-Quercetum pubescentis). Traviščna združba izkazuje znake ruderalizacije, kar je verjetno posledica kmetijske rabe v preteklosti. Paše ali drugih motečih dejavnikov nismo opazili, morda določeno stopnjo zaraščanja z le nekaterimi grmovnimi vrstami. Obstoj tega majhnega rastišča je dolgoročno vprašljiv in vreden nadaljnjih opazovanj. 9263/4 Slovenija: Prekmurje, Goričko, Fokovci, suh travnik na peščenjaku, 311 m. Leg. Gordana Bači, Det. Branko Bakan. Metuljasto kukavico so leta 2015 na svojem zemljišču opazili lastniki, člani družine Bači iz Fokovcev, ki so na rastlino opozorili zaposlene Krajinskega Parka Goričko. Fotografirala sta jo Gregor Domajnko in Kristjan Malačič (Sl. 2B). Rastišče je ruderaliziran suh travnik, ki pripada asociaciji Hypocherido-Festucetum rupicolae. Primerek je ponovno cvetel tudi v sezoni 2016. V prispevku navajamo lokacije trenutne razširjenosti metuljaste kukavice (A. papilionacea) v Sloveniji in podajamo dve novi lokaciji, in sicer na Goričkem (Fokovci), ki je po trenutno znanih podatkih najbolj severna lokacija na celotnem arealu razširjenosti vrste, in pri kraju Sv. Anton v slovenski Istri, kjer se vrsta pojavlja na flišu. V Prekmurju je najbolj severno popisano nahajališče te vrste pri nas, pri Sv. Antonu pa njeno najbolj južno. Wraber (1975) pri opisu vrste navaja: »Po svoji razširjenosti je metuljasta kukavica tipična mediteranka, ena od orhidej, s katerimi je sredozemska flora tako zelo bogata«. Hkrati opaža, da se vrsta na mikroklimatsko ugodnih rastiščih pojavlja daleč od obmorskih predelov, saj se pojavlja na južnem vznožju Alp (Aosta, Komsko jezero, Goriško) in v južnem Podonavju (Banat, Romunija) (Wraber, 1975). Po do sedaj znanih podatkih, se vrsta v Sloveniji pojavlja v Istri pri Sv. Antonu in na kraškem robu nad vasjo Podpeč, na treh lokacijah v Vipavski dolini, na Dolenjskem ter na Goričkem. Na novo odkrito rastišče metuljaste kukavice na Goričkem se nahaja na sami severni meji areala vrste. Nad vasjo Podpeč ter pri Sv. Antonu se poleg križancev z navadno kukavico (A. morio) pojavljajo primerki z vzorcem vzporednih črt na medeni ustni (Dolinar, 2015). Taki primerki so značilni za populacije v Istri, npr. na polotoku Kamenjaku. Na rastiščih v Vipavski dolini srečamo primerke z žlebasto oblikovano, enobarvno, temno rožnato barvo, kot je značilno za primerke iz severne Dalmacije. Tak je bil tudi primerek, ki smo ga zabeležili na novi lokaciji pri Sv. Antonu. Na vseh lokacijah v Sloveniji se vrsta pojavlja prehodno, maloštevilno, kvečjemu z nekaj primerki. Zaradi bližine navadne kukavice (A. morio) na istih rastiščih, je vrsta v Sloveniji pogosto podvržena križanju, kar dodatno otežuje disperzijo genetsko čistih primerkov (Podpeč, Sv. Anton). V nekaj letih (2011-2016) je bilo popisanih šest novih lokalitet te vrste pri nas. Ena od možnih razlag je ta, da se vrsta širi tudi v notranjost države. Prekmurje je, takoj za Primorsko, pokrajina z letno najnižjo količino padavin v Sloveniji. Na območju Goričkega, kjer je po večini matična podlaga suhi peščenjak in lapor, se tako pojavljajo nekatere termofilne (sub-mediteranske) rastlinske vrste, kot so Verbascum phoeniceum, Muscari comosum, Petrorhagia prolifera, Papaver argemone, Rosa gallica, Geranium purpureum in druge (Bakan, 2006), mednje pa lahko prištejemo tudi metuljasto kukavico. Morda so prav talne razmere, ugodna mikroklima in nenazadnje tudi globalno segrevanje kot posledica podnebnih sprememb botrovale k širjenju metuljaste kukavice krepko čez mejo njenega strnjenega areala v Mediteranu. Res pa je, da primer ni čisto osamljen, saj so v literaturi že bile opisane takšne nepričakovane najdbe mediteranskih vrst orhidej v popolnoma »kontinentalnem« delu Evrope, več sto kilometrov stran od strnjenega areala. Gre za primer vrste Ophrys ber-tolonii, najdene leta 2010 na osrednjem Madžarskem (Molnar s sod., 2010). Avtorji menijo, da gre za enkratno disperzijo, ki ne pomeni nujno, da se bo vrsta tam obdržala. Po drugi strani pa je npr. južnoevropska vrsta orhideje Ophrys scolopax subsp. cornuta redno prisotna razen v Mediteranu tudi v kontinentalnih predelih, vse do Madžarske (Nemeth & Ivany, 1986). ZAHVALA Iskreno se zahvaljujeva kolegu Branku Bakanu za sliko 1. Zahvaljujeva se Kristjanu Malačiču za fotografije metuljaste kukavice z Goričkega. 116 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Žan CENC & Igor PAUŠIC: PRISPEVEK K POZNAVANJU RAZŠIRJENOSTI METULJASTE KUKAVICE ANACAMPTIS PAPILIONACEA (L.) R.M.BATEMAN, ..., 113-118 CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF BUTTERFLY ORCHID ANACAMPTIS PAPILIONACEA (L.) R.M.BATEMAN, PRIDGEON & M.W.CHASE, 1997 (ORCHIDACEAE) AT THE NORTHERN BORDER OF THE SPECIES' DISTRIBUTION Žan CENC & Igor PAUŠIČ Biology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška c. 160, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia e-mail: zan.cenc@um.si & igor.pausic@um.si SUMMARY In the paper authors present the distribution of the Butterfly orchid (Anacamptis papilionacea) in Slovenia. For Slovenia and the neighboring regions, this species was already mentioned by Fleischmann (1844), Marchesetti (1896) and Pospichal (1897). Since the species discovery in the 20th century (1975 by prof. T. Wraber), this orchid species was observed on few locations in Istria and Vipavska dolina. Two new localities are presented, the first near the settlement of Sv. Anton in Istria on flysch, and the second in the continental, NE Slovenia in the Goričko region (Fokovci). According to the available data, the locality in Goričko is the northernmost point in the species distribution range. The Goričko area has the lowest precipitation rate in Slovenia with hot summers. Bedrock consists mainly of sand and sandstone. The following thermophilous plant species were already recorded for Goričko: Verbas-cum phoeniceum, Muscari comosum, Petrorhagia prolifera, Papaver argemone, Rosa galica, Geranium purpureum. Anacamptis papilionacea, typical Mediterranean species that seem to be spreading northward, into continental areas due to change of different gradients (climate etc.). Suitable microclimate and dry, sandy substratum together with the climate changes may have pushed the species far into continental Slovenia. In Slovenia the species remains rare; the orchid is present with only a few plants per each locality and usually growing in the vicinity of Green winged orchid specimens (Anacamptis morio) which enable hybridization of two species. Key words: Orchidaceae, Anacamptis papilionacea, distribution, new localities, Slovenia 117 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Žan CENC & Igor PAUŠIC: PRISPEVEK K POZNAVANJU RAZŠIRJENOSTI METULJASTE KUKAVICE ANACAMPTIS PAPILIONACEA (L.) R.M.BATEMAN, ..., 113-118 LITERATURA Aeschimann, D., K. Lauber, D. M. Moser & J. -P. The-urillat (2004): Flora alpina. Bd. 2: Gentianaceae-Orchi-daceae. Haupt Verlag, Bern, Stuttgart, Wien. 1124 pp. Anonymus (2002): Pravilnik o uvrstitvi ogroženih rastlinskih in živalskih vrst v rdeči seznam. Ur. L. RS št. 82/2002. Anonymus (2004): Uredba o zavarovanih prosto živečih rastlinskih vrstah. 2004. Ur. l. RS št. 46/2004: 5933-5962. Bačič, T., V. Jerin & N. Jogan (2015): Notulae ad floram Sloveniae. Orchis papilionacea L. 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Uhlich, E. Vitek, R. Vogt, G. Wagenitz, H.G. Wagner, J. Walter, S.J.U. Wanke, H.E. Weber, F.H.E. Weberling & G. Wiegleb (2014): Exkursionsflora für Istrien. Verlag des Naturwissenschaftlichen vereins für Kärnten, Klagenfurt, 1014 pp. Scopoli, G.A. (1772): Flora Carniolica, Ed. 2., vol. 1, pp. 186-187 Wraber, T. (1975): Na obisku pri metuljasti kukavici. Proteus (Ljubljana), 38, 10-12. Wraber, T. & P. Skoberne (1989): Rdeči seznam ogroženih praprotnic in semenk SR Slovenije. Varstvo narave (Ljubljana), 14-15, 1-429. 118 IN MEMORIAM ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 IN MEMORIAM, 121-122 IN MEMORY OF FRANCESCO MARIA TAMBERLICH (1965-2016) On 08th April, Francesco passed away after a difficult fight with a terrible illness. But throughout that tragic period Francesco had always remained optimistic, smiling with colleagues and friends. He was a noble and selfless soul, always ready to help people. We lost a great colleague and overall a true Friend. Born in Rome on 25th September 1965, he was a big fan of the Juventus Football Club and an expert in wine tasting. He was also an enthusiastic tennis player. We met Francesco in 1998 when we worked at the Marine Biology Laboratory of Trieste (LBM), and since then we spent almost 20 years together, sharing the same room. Francesco studied at the Faculty of Biology at the University of Pisa. After his graduation on 3rd November 1993, he was employed in LBM of Trieste for CHN, Total Suspended Matter, microalgal culture and sedimento-logical analyses. There he discovered his love of the sea and participated in several oceanographic expeditions. Francesco was also a diver and an instructor in marine biology for scuba divers. In 2005, we worked at the Regional Agency for the Protection of the Environment of Friuli Venezia Giulia (ARPA FVG) and he was assigned the referent position for ecotoxicological assay and elemental analyses. Francesco adopted an innovative application for the monitoring of sediment quality called the Sediment Quality Triad (SQT). This approach was applied in the Lagoons of Marano and Grado and nearby underwater sewage discharges as an assessment tool for evaluating the extent of sediment degradation resulting from contaminants released due to human activity. The evaluation focuses on three main components: sediment chemistry, sediment toxicity tests using aquatic organisms, and macrozoobenthic communities. Although the SQT approach does not provide a cause-and-effect relationship linking concentrations of individual chemicals to adverse biological effects, it does provide an assessment of sediment quality commonly used to explain sediment characteristics quantitatively. Anyway, Francesco's greatest passion was wine, and in 2008 he even obtained a certified sommelier qualification from the Italian Sommelier Association. We remember that time very well, for thanks to him we discovered the world of wine. In 2014, our work focused on the environmental monitoring connected to channel dredging in the lagoon. We coordinated in particular the monitoring on the bivalve Ensis minor, a very important commercial stock influenced by dredging activity off the tourism plant in Lignano Sabbiadoro. In this occasion, Francesco proposed to test the condition index and air survival time of the mollusks in order to assess any stress condition for these organisms due to dredging activity in the surrounding area. The last time we worked together it was in the laboratory, measuring these bivalve samples. The room was hot, and adding to that the noise of the equipment inside, the smell of the samples, the repetitive work of measuring a lot of specimens... We were so tired of that boring work, but suddenly Francesco said: who knows, maybe one day we will remember this moment as a happy time! You were a wise man, Francesco, now we understand the meaning of that statement: whenever we are tired or bored while on the job, we should be nevertheless happy and grateful of the opportunity! Grazie Maestro Nicola Bettoso & Alessandro Acquavita Topic scientific contributions of F. M. Tamberlich Tamberlich, F., C.M. Salvi & B. Martincic (2000): Filtration, assimilation and biodeposition of the clams Tapes philippinarum (Adams & Reeve) and Tapes decus-satus L. (Jeffreys). Oebalia, 26, 63-74. Martincic, B., C. Salvi & F. Tamberlich (2000): Mo-dello di carrying capacity applicato alle mitilicolture in sospensione nel Golfo di Trieste. Hydrores, 16, 7-23. Fonda Umani S., R. Amodio, V. Barbariol, E. Sdrig-otti, C. Welker, P. Del Negro, F. Tamberlich, R. Long & F. Azam (2000): Spatial and temporal dynamics of transparent particles in the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea) and their relationship to bacterial ectohydrolase activities. Eos. Trans. AGU, 80(4), 192 p. Del Negro, P., C. De Vittor, S. Predonzani, F. Tam-berlich, R. Piani, F. Finocchiaro, P. Fanzutti & S. Fonda Umani (2001): Utilizzazione batterica dei solfati in se-dimenti di ambiente salmastro (Lago di Sabaudia o di Paola - LT). Biol. Mar. Medit., 8(1), 309-315. 121 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 IN MEMORIAM, 121-122 De Vittor, C., E. Sdrigotti, P. Del Negro, F. Aleffi, F. Tamberlich & S. Fonda Umani (2002): Organic carbon cycling in diatom-inhabited muddy sediments. Eos. Trans. AGU, 83(4), 213 p. Pecchiar, I., A. Bussani, M. Cabrini, M. Celio, S. Comisso, C. Falconi, F. Tamberlich & S. Fonda Umani (2003): Variazioni della produttivita primaria e della biomassa autotrofa in relazione alle caratteristiche idro-logiche delle masse d'acqua in due stazioni del Golfo di Trieste nel 2001. Biol. Mar. Medit., 10(2), 1026-1031. Monti, M., A. Zrimec, A. Beran, M. Berden Zrimec, L. Drinovec, G. Kosi & F. Tamberlich (2005): Delayed luminescence of Prorocentrum minimum under controlled conditions. Harmful Algae, 4, 643-650. Tamberlich, F., M. Celio, A. Bussani, C. Comici, F. Voltolina & N. Burba (2006): Analisi della distribuzio-ne temporale del carbonio organico e dell'azoto in fase particellata in acque influenzate da input fluviale. Biol. Mar. Medit., 13(1), 185-191. Monti, M., P. Frisenda, F. Tamberlich & L. Talarico (2006): Influence of salinity on growth and fine structure of Prorocentrum minimum (Pavillard) Schiller 1933 under culture: preliminary results. Biol. Mar. Medit., 13(1), 1029-1031. Aleffi, I.F., N. Bettoso, M. Celio, F. Tamberlich, S. Predonzani & V. Solis-Weiss (2006): Effects of suspended mussel culture on the macrozoobenthos in the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea, Italy). Annales Ser. hist. nat., 16(2), 135-146. Fonda Umani, S., P. Del Negro, C. Larato, C. De Vittor, M. Cabrini, M. Celio, C. Falconi, F. Tamberlich & F. Azam (2007): Major inter-annual variations in microbial dynamics in the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea) and their ecosystem implications. Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 46, 163-175. Tamberlich, F., A. Acquavita, L. Milani, I. Aleffi, S. Predonzani, L. Faresi & G. Mattassi (2007): Saggi bio-logici sui sedimenti marino costieri della regione Friuli Venezia Giulia: analisi dei risultati e criticita. Biol. Mar. Medit., 14(1), 238-241. Onorati, F., G. Ruggiero, M.S. Sanguinetti, M. Ferrara, V. Belluria, P. Martini,F. Bandini, L. Facchin, T. Leoni, A.M. Celletti, M. Molina, S. Trichilo, E. Rossi, L. Brilli, S. Dilani, S. Comin, S. Manzo, S. Fabbri, G. Mascilon-go, R. Lo Re, R. Guerra, E. Di Gioia, F. Castiglioni, F. Tamberlich, D. Traldi, A. Pasteris & C. Grillo (2007): In-terconfronto Nazionale sul test di inibizione della bio-luminescenza di Vibrio fischeri. Biol. Mar. Medit., 14(1), 86-90. Cibic, T., A. Acquavita, I.F. Aleffi, N. Bettoso, O. Blasutto, C. De Vittor, C. Falconi, J. Falomo, L. Faresi, S. Predonzani, F. Tamberlich & S. Fonda Umani (2008): Integrated approach to sediment pollution: a case study in the Gulf of Trieste. Mar. Poll. Bull., 56(9), 1650-1657. Acquavita, A., S. Predonzani, G. Mattassi, P. Rossin, F. Tamberlich, J. Falomo & I. Valic (2010): Heavy metal contents and distributions in coastal sediments of the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea, Italy). Water Air Soil Pollut., 211, 95-111. Sladonja, B, N. Bettoso, A. Zentilin, F. Tamberlich & A. Acquavita (2011): Manila Clam (Tapes philippinarum Adams & Reeve, 1852) in the Lagoon of Marano and Grado (northern Adriatic Sea, Italy): socio economic and environmental pathway of a shell farm. In: Sladonja, B. (eds.): Acquaculture and the Enviroment - A Shared Destiny, INTECH open access publisher, 51-78. Lipizer, M., C. De Vittor, C. Falconi, C. Comici, F. Tamberlich & M. Giani (2012): Effects of intense physical and biological forcing factors on CNP pools in coastal waters (Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea). Estuar. Coast. Shelf S., 115, 40-50. Mattassi, G., I.F. Aleffi, N. Bettoso, L. Milani & F. Tamberlich (2012): Applicazione di indici biotici negli ambienti di transizione e marino costieri del Friuli Venezia Giulia. Biologia Ambientale, 26(1), 3-14. Acquavita, A., J. Falomo, S. Predonzani, F. Tamberlich, N. Bettoso & G. Mattassi (2014): The PAH level, distribution and composition in surface sediments from a Mediterranean Lagoon: the Marano and Grado Lagoon (northern Adriatic Sea, Italy). Mar. Poll. Bull., 81, 234241. Acquavita, A., I.F. Aleffi, C. Benci, N. Bettoso, E. Cre-vatin, L. Milani, F. Tamberlich, L. Toniatti, P.L. Barbieri, S. Licen & G. Mattassi (2015): Annual characterization of the nutrients and trophic state in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon: the Marano and Grado Lagoon (northern Adriatic Sea). Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci., 2, 132-144. Boscutti, F., I. Marcorin, M. Sigura, E. Bressan, F. Tamberlich, A. Vianello & V. Casolo (2015): Distribution modeling of seagrasses in brackish waters of Grado-Ma-rano Lagoon (northern Adriatic Sea). Estuar. Coast. Shelf S., 164, 183-193. 122 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 NAVODILA AVTORJEM 1. Revija ANNALES (Anali za istrske in mediteranske študije Series historia naturalis) objavlja izvirne znanstvene in pregledne članke z naravoslovnimi vsebinami, ki obravnavajo posebnosti različnih podpodročij sredozemskega naravoslovja: morska biologija in ekologija, ihtio-logija, geologija s paleontologijo, krasoslovje, oljkarstvo, biodiverziteta Slovenije, varstvo narave, onesnaževanje in varstvo okolja, fizična geografija Istre in Mediterana idr. Vključujejo pa tudi krajše znanstvene prispevke o zaključenih raziskovanjih., ki se nanašajo na omenjeno področje. 2. Sprejemamo članke v angleškem, slovenskem in italijanskem jeziku. Avtorji morajo zagotoviti jezikovno neoporečnost besedil, uredništvo pa ima pravico članke dodatno jezikovno lektorirati. 3. Članki naj obsegajo do 48.000 znakov brez presledkov oz. 2 avtorski poli besedila. Članek je mogoče oddati na e-naslov annales@mbss.org (zaželjeno) ali na elektronskem nosilcu (CD) po pošti na naslov uredništva. Avtor ob oddaji članka zagotavlja, da članek še ni bil objavljen in se obvezuje, da ga ne bo objavil drugje. 4. Naslovna stran članka naj vsebuje naslov članka, ime in priimek avtorja (avtorjev), ime in naslov inštitucije, kjer je (so) avtor(ji) zaposlen(i) oz. domači naslov in naslovom elektronske pošte (samo prvi oz. korespondenčni avtor). 5. Članek mora vsebovati povzetek in izvleček. Izvleček je krajši (cca. 10 vrstic) od povzetka (cca. 30 vrstic). V izvlečku na kratko opišemo namen, metode dela in rezultate. Izvleček naj ne vsebuje komentarjev in priporočil. Povzetek vsebuje opis namena in metod dela ter povzame analizo oziroma interpretacijo rezultatov. V povzetku ne sme biti ničesar, česar glavno besedilo ne vsebuje. V povzetku se avtor ne sklicuje na slike, tabele in reference, ki so v članku. 6. Avtorji naj pod izvleček članka pripišejo ustrezne ključne besede (največ 6). Zaželjeni so tudi angleški (ali slovenski) prevodi izvlečka, povzetka, ključnih besed, podnapisov k slikovnemu in tabelarnemu gradivu. V nasprotnem primeru bo za prevode poskrbelo uredništvo. 7. Glavni del besedila naj vključuje sledeča poglavja: Uvod, Material in metode, Rezultati, Razprava ali Rezultati in razprava, Zaključki (ali Sklepi), Zahvala (če avtor želi), Literatura. Dele besedila je možno oblikovati v podpoglavja (npr. Pregled dosedanjih objav v Uvodu, Opis območja raziskav v Material in metode). Podpisi k slikam so priloženi posebej za poglavjem Literatura. 8. Tabele avtor priravi posebej na ločenih straneh v programu Word, tako kot rokopis, jih zaporedno oštevilči in opremi z naslovom - kratkim opisom. V glavnem delu besedila se sklicuje na tabele tako, da jih na ustreznem mestu označi z npr. "(Tab. 1)". 9. Slikovno gradivo (grafi, zemljevidi, fotografije, table) avtor posreduje v ločenih datotekah (jpeg, tiff) z najmanj 300 dpi resolucije pri želeni velikosti. Največja velikost slikovnega gradiva je 17x20 cm. Vsa potrebna dovoljenja za objavo slikovnega gradiva (v skladu z Zakonom o avtorski in sorodnih pravicah) priskrbi avtor sam in jih predloži uredništvu pred objavo članka. Slike je potrebno tudi podnasloviti in zaporedno oštevilčiti (glej točko 7). V glavnem delu besedila se avtor sklicuje na slike tako, da jih na ustreznem mestu označi z npr. "(Sl. 1)". 10. Bibliografske opombe, s čimer mislimo na citat - torej sklicevanje na druge publikacije, sestavljajo naslednji podatki v oklepaju: avtor in leto izida; npr. (Novak, 2007). Če sta dva avtorja, se izpišeta oba (Novak & Kranjc, 2001), če so trije ali več pa se izpiše samo prvi, ki mu sledi okrajšava et al. (Novak et al., 1999). Več citatov je med seboj ločenih s podpičjem in si sledijo kronološko - z naraščajočo letnico izdaje, npr. (Novak et al., 1999; Adamič, 2001; Kranjc & Zupan, 2007). Osebno informacijo (ustno, pisno) izpišemo prav tako v oklepaju z navedbo kratice imena in priimka posredovalca informacije, za vejico pa dodamo "osebno sporočilo", npr. (J. Novak, osebno sporočilo). 11. Celotni bibliografski podatki so navedeni v poglavju Literatura v abecednem vrstnem redu. Pri tem avtor navede izključno dela, ki jih je v članku citiral. Če ima isti avtor več bibliografskih podatkov, se najprej kronološko izpišejo tisti, kjer je edini avtor, sledijo dela v soavtorstavu še z enim avtorjem in dela v soavtorstvu z več avtorji. Imena revij, v katerih so izšla citirana dela, se izpišejo okrajašano (splošno priznane okrajšave revij). Članki, ki še niso bili publicirani, se lahko citirajo le, če so bili dokončno sprejeti v tisk, pri čemer se na koncu bibliografskega podatka doda beseda "v tisku". Člankov, ki so šele bili poslani v recenzijo, se ne sme citirati. Primeri navajanje različnih tipov bibliografskih podatkov: članki v revijah: Klock, J.-H., A. Wieland, R. Seifert & W. Michaelis (2007): Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from cyanobac-terial mats: characterisation and isolation method optimisation. Mar. Biol., 152, 1077-1085. Knjige in druge neserijske publikacije (poročila, diplomska dela, doktorske disertacije): Wheeler, A. (1969): The fishes of the British Isles and North-West Europe. McMillan, London, 613 p. 123 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Poglavje v knjigi: McEachran, J. D. & C. Capapé (1984): Myliobatidae. In: Whitehead, P. J. P., M. L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen & E. Tortonese (eds.): Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, Vol. 1. Unesco, Paris, pp. 205209. 12. Drugo: latinski izrazi kot npr. in vivo, in situ, e.g., i.e., ter rodovna (Myliobatis sp.) in vrstna (Myliobatis aqui-la) imena se izpišejo v fontu italic. Kadarkoli je možno, se uporabljajo enote iz sistema SI (Système international d'unités). 13. Prvi odtis člankov uredništvo pošlje avtorjem v korekturo. Avtorji so dolžni popravljeno gradivo vrniti v enem tednu. Besedilo popravljamo s korekturnimi znamenji, ki jih najdemo na koncu Slovenskega pravopisa (2001), Ljubljana, ZRC SAZU, 24-25. Širjenje obsega besedila ob korekturah ni dovoljeno. Druge korekture opravi uredništvo. 14. Za dodatna pojasnila v zvezi z objavo člankov je uredništvo na voljo. UREDNIŠTVO 124 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 ISTRUZIONI PER GLI AUTORI 1. La rivista ANNALES (Annali per gli studi istriani e mediterranei, Series historia naturalis) pubblica articoli scientifici originali e compendii dai contenuti scientifi-ci relativi ai vari settori della storia naturale e pertinen-ti l'area geografica del Mediterraneo: biologia marina, ecologia, ittiologia, geologia, paleontologia, carsologia, olivicoltura, biodiversità della Slovenia, tutela della natura, inquinamento e tutela dell'ambiente, geografía fisica dell'Istria e del Mediterraneo ecc. La rivista pubblica anche articoli scientifici brevi relativi a ricerche concluse pertinenti a tali settori. 2. La Redazione accetta articoli in lingua inglese, slo-vena e italiana. Gli autori devono garantire l'ineccepibi-lità linguistica dei testi, la Redazione si riserva il diritto di una revisione linguistica. 3. Gli articoli devono essere di lunghezza non su-periore alle 48.000 battute senza spazi, ovvero 2 fogli d'autore. Possono venir recapitati all'indirizzo di posta elettronica annales@mbss.org (preferibilmente) oppure su supporto elettronico (CD) per posta ordinaria all'indirizzo della Redazione. L'autore garantirá l'originalità dell'articolo e si impe-gnerà a non pubblicarlo altrove. 4. Ogni articolo deve essere corredato da: titolo, nome e cognome dell'autore (autori), denominazione ed indirizzo dell'ente di appartenenza o, in alternativa, l'indirizzo di casa, nonché l'indirizzo di posta elettronica (solo del primo autore o dell'autore di corrispondenza). 5. I contributi devono essere corredati da un riassunto e da una sintesi. Quest'ultima sarà più breve (cca. 10 ri-ghe) del riassunto (cca 30 righe). Nella sintesi si descriveranno brevemente lo scopo, i metodi e i risultati delle ricerche. La sintesi non deve contenere commenti e segnalazioni. Il riassunto riporterà in maniera sintetica lo scopo, i metodi delle ricerche e l'analisi ossia l'interpretazione dei risultati. Il riassunto non deve riferirsi alle tabelle, figure e alla bibliografía contenuta nell'articolo. 6. Gli autori sono tenuti ad indicare le parole chiave adeguate (massimo 6). Sono auspicabili anche le tradu-zioni in inglese (o sloveno) della sintesi, del riassunto, delle parole chiave, delle didascalie e delle tabelle. In caso contrario, vi provvederà la Redazione. 7. Il testo principale deve essere strutturato nei se-guenti capitoli: Introduzione, Materiali e metodi, Risul-tati, Discussione o Risultati e discussione, Conclusioni, Ringraziamenti (se necessari), Bibliografía. Il testo puo essere strutturato in sottocapitoli (ad es. sottocapitolo Rassegna delle pubblicazioni nell'Introduzione; sottocapitolo Descrizione dell'area di ricerca nel capitolo Materiali e metodi). Le didascalie devono essere presentate separatamente, a seguito del capitolo Bibliografía. 8. Le tabelle saranno preparate in forma elettronica come il manoscritto (formato Word) e allegate in fogli se-parati alla fine del testo. Gli autori sono pregati di con-trassegnare ogni tabella con un numero e il titolo ossia una breve descrizione. Nel testo la tabella viene richia-mata come segue: (Tab. 1). 9. Il materiale gráfico (grafici, carte geografiche, fotografíe, tavole) va preparato in formato elettronico (jpeg 0 tiff) e consegnato in file separati, con una definizione di 300 dpi alla grandezza desiderata, purché non ecceda 1 17x20 cm. Prima della pubblicazione, l'autore provve-dera a fornire alla Redazione tutte le autorizzazioni ri-chieste per la riproduzione del materiale grafico (in virtu della Legge sui diritti d'autore). Tutto il materiale grafico deve essere accompagnato da didascalie (vedi punto 7) e numerato.. Nel testo i grafici vengono richiamati come segue: (ad es. Fig. 1). 10. I riferimenti bibliografici (citazioni) richiamano un'altra pubblicazione (articolo). La nota bibliografica, riportata nel testo, deve contenere i seguenti dati tra parentesi: cognome dell'autore, anno di pubblicazione, ad es. (Novak, 2007). Se gli autori sono due, verranno indicati entrambi (Novak & Kranjc, 2001), nel caso di tre o piu autori verra indicato soltanto il primo, seguito dall'abbreviazione et al. (Novak et al., 1999). Vari riferimenti bibliografici in una stessa nota vanno divisi dal punto e virgola e segnalati in ordine cronologico, ad. es. (Novak et al., 1999; Adamič, 2001; Kranjc & Zupan, 2007). La testimonianza (orale, scritta) verra indi-cata tra parentesi con l'abbreviazione del nome e con il cognome di chi l'ha trasmessa, seguiti dalla virgola e la dicitura "informazione personale", ad es. (J. Novak, informazione personale). 11. La bibliografía completa va inserita in ordine alfabetico nel capitolo Bibliografía. L'autore indichera esclusivamente i lavori e le edizioni citati nell'articolo. Se si citano piu lavori dello stesso autore, verranno indicati prima in ordine cronologico i lavori in cui l'autore appare solo, poi quelli in cui l'autore compare assieme ad un secondo coautore, seguiti infine da quelli in cui egli compare tra piu coautori. I nomi delle riviste in cui sono pubblicati i lavori citati saranno indicati nella forma abbreviata (abbreviazioni ufficialmente riconosciute). Gli articoli inediti si possono citare soltanto se sono in corso di pubblicazione, facendo loro seguire la dicitura "in corso di pubblicazione". Gli articoli, non ancora recensiti non possono essere citati. 125 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 Esempio di lavoro bibliográfico: Articoli in riviste: Klock, J.-H., A. Wieland, R. Seifert & W. Michaelis (2007): Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from cyanobacterial mats: characterisation and isolation method optimisation. Mar. Biol., 152, 1077-1085. Libri ed altre pubblicazioni non periodiche (relazioni, tesi di laurea, dissertazioni di dottorato): Wheeler, A. (1969): The fishes of the British Isles and North-West Europe. McMillan, London, 613 p. Capitoli di libro: McEachran, J. D. & C. Capapé (1984): Myliobatidae. In: Whitehead, P. J. P., M. L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen & E. Tortonese (eds.): Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, Vol. 1. Unesco, Paris, pp. 205-209. 12. Altro: Le espressioni latine come ad es. in vivo, in situ, e.g., i.e., i nomi dei generi famiglie (Myliobatis sp.) e delle specie (Myliobatis aquila) si scrivono con il caratte-re italic. Quando possibile saranno utilizzate le unità del sistema SI (Système international d'unités). 13. Gli autori ricevono le prime bozze di stampa per la revisione. Le bozze corrette vanno quindi rispedite entro una settimana alla Redazione. In questa fase, i testi cor-retti con segni adeguati (indicazioni in merito si trovano alla fine della pubblicazione "Slovenski pravopis" (2001), Ljubljana, ZRC SAZU, 24-25, non possono essere più am-pliati. La revisione delle bozze è svolta dalla Redazione. 14. La Redazione rimane a disposizione per eventuali chiarimenti. LA REDAZIONE 126 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS 1. The journal ANNALES (Annals for Istrian and Mediterranean Studies, Series historia naturalis) publishes original scientific and review articles in the field of natural studies related to the specifics of various subfields of Mediterranean natural studies: marine biology and ecology, ichthyology, geology with paleontology, karst studies, olive growing, biodiversity of Slovenia, nature protection, pollution and environmental protection, physical geography of Istria and the Mediterranean, etc. It also publishes short scientific papers on completed research projects related to the above-mentioned sub-fields. 2. The articles submitted can be written in the English, Slovene or Italian language. The authors should ensure that their contributions meet acceptable standards of language, while the editorial board has the right to have them language edited. 3. The articles should be no longer than 48,000 characters (spaces excluded) or 32 typewritten double-spaced pages. They can be submitted via e-mail annales@mbss.org (preferably) or regular mail, with the electronic data carrier (CD) sent to the address of the editorial board. Submission of the article implies that it reports original unpublished work and that it will not be published elsewhere. 4. The title page should include the title of the article, the name and surname of the author(s), their affiliation (institutional name and address) or home address, and e-mail address (of the first author or the corresponding author only). 5. The article should contain the summary and the abstract, with the former (c. 30 lines) being longer than the latter (c. 10 lines). The abstract contains a brief description of the aim of the article, methods of work and results. It should contain no comments and recommendations. The summary contains the description of the aim of the article and methods of work and a brief analysis or interpretation of results. It can contain only the information that appears in the text as well. It should contain no reference to figures, table and citations published in the main text. 6. Beneath the abstract, the author(s) should supply appropriate keywords (max 6) and, if possible, the English (or Slovene) translation of the abstract, summary, keywords, and captions to figures and tables. If unprovided, the translation will be provided by the editorial board. 7. The main text should include the following chapters: Introduction, Material and Methods, Results, Discussion or Results and Discussion, Conclusion, Acknowledgement (not obligatory), References. Individual parts of the text can form a sub-chapter (e.g. Survey of Previous Studies under Introduction; Description of Research Area under Material and Methods). Captions to figures should appear on a separate page beneath References. 8. Each table should be submitted on a separate page in Word programme (just like the main text). It should be numbered consecutively and supplied with the title -brief description. When referring to the tables in the main text, use the following style: (Tab. 1). 9. Illustrative matter (diagrams, maps, photographs, plates) should be submitted as separate files (in jpeg or tiff format) and saved at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi per size preferred, with the maximum possible publication size being 17x20 cm. Prior to publication, the author(s) should obtain all necessary authorizations (as stipulated by the Copyright and Related Rights Act) for the publication of the illustrative matter and submit them to the editorial board. All figures should be captioned and numbered consecutively (cf. Item 7). When referring to the figures in the main text, use the following style: (Fig. 1). 10. Bibliographic notes or citations - i.e. references to other articles or publications - should contain the following data: author and year of publication, e.g. (Novak, 2007). If there are two authors, include both surnames (Novak & Kranjc, 2001); if there are more than two authors, include the surname of the first author followed by a comma and the abbreviation et al. (Novak et al., 1999). If there is more than one reference, separate them by a semicolon and list them in ascending chronological order, e.g. (Novak et al., 1999; Adamič, 2001; Kranjc & Zupan, 2007). When citing information obtained through personal communication (oral, written), provide the initial letter of the name and full surname of the informant followed by a comma and the phrase personal communication, e.g. (J. Novak, personal communication). 11. The entire list of bibliographic data should be published under References in alphabetical order. The author(s) should list only the works cited in the article. If you are listing several works by the same author with some of them written in co-authorship, first list those written by the author him/herself, then those written in co-authorship with another author, and finally those written in co-authorship with more than one author, with the entries listed in chronological order. The names of journals in which the works cited were published should be abbreviated (cf. list of official journal abbreviations). Unpublished articles can be cited only if they have been 127 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 approved for publication, which should be indicated by adding the phrase in press to the end of the relevant bibliography entry. Some examples of how to cite different types of bibliographical data: Articles published in serial publications: Klock, J.-H., A. Wieland, R. Seifert & W. Michaelis (2007): Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from cyanobacterial mats: characterisation and isolation method optimisation. Mar. Biol., 152, 1077-1085. Books and other non-serial publications (reports, diploma theses, doctoral dissertation): Wheeler, A. (1969): The fishes of the British Isles and North-West Europe. McMillan, London, 613 p. Chapters published in a book: McEachran, J. D. & C. Capape (1984): Myliobatidae. In: Whitehead, P. J. P., M. L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen & E. Tortonese (eds.): Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, Vol. 1. Unesco, Paris, pp. 205-209. 12. Miscellaneous: Latin phrases such as in vivo, in situ, e.g., i.e., and names of genera (Myliobatis sp.) and species (Myliobatis aquila) should be written in italics. Whenever possible, use the SI units (Système international d'unités). 13. The authors are sent the first page proofs. They should be returned to the editorial board within a week. When reading the proofs, the authors should use the correction signs listed at the end of the book Slovenski pravopis (2001), Ljubljana, ZRC SAZU, 24-25. It is not allowed to lengthen the text during proofreading. Second proof-reading is done by the editorial board. 14. For additional information regarding article publication contact the editorial board. EDITORIAL BOARD 128 ANNALES ■ Ser. hist. nat. ■ 26 ■ 2016 ■ 1 KAZALO K SLIKAM NA OVITKU SLIKA NA NASLOVNICI: Rjavi srakoper (Lanius collurio) je ena od ogroženih vrst v evropskem merilu, ki ga še posebej ogrožajo spremembe v kulturni krajini. Razveseljujoče je dejstvo, da se v dolini Dragonje še vedno pojavlja v velikem številu, kar kaže na trajnostno izrabo prostora. (Foto: D. Šere) Sl. 1: Ilirsko mačje uho (Ophrys illyrica) je bilo pred kratkim prvič odkrito v Sloveniji. Našli so ga na območju Velikega Badina iznad vasi Sočerga (Foto: I. Paušič) Sl. 2: Metuljasto kukavico (Anacamptis papilionacea) prepoznamo predvsem po značilni obliki medene ustne ter po velikih, rdeče-rožnatih cvetovih. (Foto: I. Paušič) Sl. 3: Kratkoperuti vrtnik (Hippolais polyglotta) je značilna submediteranska vrsta, ki gnezdi tudi v dolini Dragonje. Samci v petje vpletajo tudi oponašanje glasov drugih vrst ptic. (Foto: Dare Šere) Sl. 4: Mačje uho Ophrys passionis subsp. majellensis je endemit osrednje Italije. Za to vrsto je značilno, da v primerjavi z drugimi sorodnimi vrstami cveti zelo kasno. (Foto: A. Pezzetta) Sl. 5: Čebeljeliko mačje uho Ophrys apifera je evrimediteranska vrsta kukavičevk, ki jo najdemo predvsem na revnih tleh. (Foto: I. Paušič) Sl. 6: Veliki strnad (Miliaria calandra) je travniška ptica, ki je iz nekaterih predelov Slovenije v zadnjem času izginila. V dolini reke Dragonje se število gnezdečih parov počasi povečuje. (Foto: D. Šere) INDEX TO IMAGES ON THE COVER FRONT COVER: The red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio) is an endangered species on European scale, particularly vulnerable to changes in the cultural landscape. Happily, in the Dragonja Valley it is still present in high numbers, which shows that sustainable land use practices are still being implemented. (Photo: D. Sere) Fig. 1: Recently, the orchid Ophrys illyrica was recorded in Slovenia for the very first time. It was discovered in the area of Veli Badin above the village of Socerga. (Photo: I. Pausic) Fig. 2: The pink butterfly orchid (Anacamptis papilionacea) is easily recognized by the typical form of its lip and big, red-pinkish flowers. (Photo: I. Pausic) Fig. 3: The melodious warbler (Hippolais polyglotta) is a typical sub-Mediterranean species, known to breed in the Dragonja Valley, too. While singing, the males imitate the notes of many other species. (Photo: D. Sere) Fig. 4: Ophrys passionis subsp. majellensis is an orchid species endemic to central Italy. Compared to other relative orchids, it is a late-flowering species. (Photo: A. Pezzetta) Fig. 5: The bee orchid Ophrys apifera is an eurymediterranean orchid species found mostly on poor soils. (Photo: I. Pausic) Fig. 6: The corn bunting (Miliaria calandra) is a typical grassland bird, which has recently disappeared from certain areas of Slovenia. In the Dragonja Valley, the number of breeding pairs is slowly increasing. (Photo: D. Sere) 130