A contribution to the Slovenian spider fauna – IV 
Žan KURALT*, Rok KOSTANJŠEK 
University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia *E-mail: zan.kuralt@gmail.com 
Abstract. We provide a list of 171 spider species from 27 families recently recorded in Slovenia. Among them are first records of Nigma flavescens, Walckenaria alticeps, Pelecopsis parallela, Erigone autumnalis and Micaria subopaca for Slovenia and a second record of Zodarion rubidum, a species just recently added to the Slovenian spider fauna. 
Key words: first records, Nigma flavescens, Walckenaria alticeps, Pelecopsis parallela, Erigone autumnalis, Micaria subopaca, Zodarion rubidum 
Izvleček. Prispevek k favni pajkov Slovenije – IV – V prispevku je predstavljen seznam 171 vrst pajkov iz 27 družin, ki so bile nedavno najdene v Sloveniji. Med temi gre za prve najdbe vrst Nigma flavescens, Walckenaria alticeps, Pelecopsis parallela, Erigone autumnalis in Micaria subopaca v Sloveniji in drugo najdbo v Sloveniji nedavno najdene vrste Zodarion rubidum. 
Ključne besede: prve najdbe, Nigma flavescens, Walckenaria alticeps, Pelecopsis parallela, Erigone autumnalis, Micaria subopaca, Zodarion rubidum 
Introduction 
The Slovenian spider fauna currently comprises 753 species (Kostanjšek & Kuntner 2015). As already noted in earlier contributions (Kostanjšek 2010, Kostanjšek & Gorjan 2013, Kuralt & Kostanjšek 2016), there is still a number of spider species expected to be found in Slovenia. 
For instance, comparison of spider species listed in the Slovenian National spider checklist 
(Kostanjšek & Kuntner 2015) and the species present in the neighbouring countries uncover 
that most of the expected, yet missing, species in the Slovenian araneofauna most likely belong to the family Linyphiidae (Fig 1). Comprising generally smaller species often associated with colder habitats (e.g. Hagvar 1973, Relys 2000, Wiśniewski et al. 2018), the shortage of Linyphiidae in Slovenia indicates undersampling of spiders in Slovenia in general, as well as a lack of efficient sampling of cryptic habitats and habitats at higher altitudes. Several species with submediterranean distribution are also expected to be found in the south-western part of 
the country. Furthermore, as previous studies have revealed (e. g. Kostanjšek & Celestina 
2008, Mammola et al. 2018), urban environments act as a surrogate habitat for species rarely found in nature and should not be neglected. 
The last decade of araneological fieldwork in in Slovenia was mostly concentrated to »Biology Students Research Camps« (herein: biology camps) that traditionally take place in the second half of the July, resulting in sub-optimal conditions for spider research. High temperatures and low precipitation at that time impact spiders’ activity and makes sampling, especially during daytime, less effective. Nevertheless, the work done at biology camps provides an unprecedented insight into the Slovenian spider fauna. In the past year, however, araneological fieldwork from biology camp was complemented with two other studies, (1) a short-term sampling at Draga pri Igu, and (2) monthly surveys of spider fauna at Škocjan Caves Park. Additionally, spiders from soil invertebrate sampling at Grebenje were handed over to us for identification. 
Here we provide list of spider species collected in Slovenia during aforementioned studies and report on five new species records for the Slovenian fauna. We discuss the implications of these findings and provide recommendations for future araneological work in Slovenia. 

Figure 1. Number of recorded species per family for Slovenia and the neighbouring countries (AUT – Austria, CRO – Croatia, HUN – Hungary, ITA – Italy, SLO – Slovenia). Numbers in the brackets indicate count of families per country. There is a significant difference in the number of species of the Linyphiidae family between the countries. Country species lists were retrieved from Spiders of Europe (Nentwig et al. 2019). 
Slika 1. Število zabeleženih vrst iz različnih družin v Sloveniji in sosednjih državah (AUT – Avstrija, CRO – Hrvaška, HUN – Madžarska, ITA – Italija, SLO – Slovenija). V oklepajih je navedeno število družin, zabeleženih v državi. Med državami je opaziti veliko razliko v število vrst iz družine Linyphiidae. Sezname vrst za vse države smo pridobili na 
spletnem portalu Spiders of Europe (Nentwig et al. 2019). 
NATURA SLOVENIAE 21(1): 21-45 

Materials and methods 
Study area 
Spiders were collected in different parts of the country (see Tab. 1 for full list of examined localities) in the period from 5. 2. 2016 to 17. 5. 2018. Extensive sampling was carried out on 
19. 5. 2017 as a part of »Bioblitz Slovenija 2017« (Jogan et al. 2018), held at Draga pri Igu (Localities BioBlitz-1 to BioBlitz-12), where spiders were collected in various habitats at 12 sampling sites (note that soil samples were collected prior to the event on 17. 5. 2017). Another intensive survey lasted from 19. to 29. 7. 2017, as part of the annual »Biology Students Research Camp« in the Gorenjska region (Localities RTSB17-1 to RTSB17-34). The third survey, consisting of monthly examinations of araneofauna at Škocjan Caves Regional 
Park, lasted from May to September 2017 (Localities PSJ-1 to PSJ-19). Spiders were also obtained during soil invertebrates sampling near Grebenje village in 2016 and 2017 (Localities Grebenje-1 to Grebenje-24). The specimen of Micaria subopaca was coincidentally collected at the Department of Biology building in Ljubljana (Locality BioDept-1). 
Table 1. Localities where spiders were collected. Sampling methods’ abbreviations are: A – aspirator, F – forceps, RSN – round sweep net, LLS – leaf litter sifter, ILB – inverted leaf blower, SS – soil sampling. Tabela 1. Lokacije vzorčenja pajkov. Kratice metod vzorčenja so: A – aspirator, F – pinceta, RSN – okrogla lovilna vreča, LLS – sejanje listne stelje, ILB – motorni sesalnik, SS – vzorci tal. 
Locality  Locality  Lat.  Altitude  Date  Sampling  Legator  
ID  Long.  a.s.l.  methods  
RTSB17-01  forest edge; Velika  46.30091697°N  477 m  20. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS,  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle,  
gmajna; 1 km NW from Hraše pri  14.373234°E  RSN  M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
Preddvoru  
RTSB17-02  mixed forest; Velika  46.30149499°N  489 m  20. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS,  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle,  
gmajna; 1 km NW from Hraše pri  14.37204503°E  RSN  M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
Preddvoru  
RTSB17-03  mixed forest; Velika  46.30189296°N  501 m  20. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS,  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle,  
gmajna; 1 km NW from Hraše pri  14.37050904°E  RSN  M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
Preddvoru  
RTSB17-04  forest clearing; Velika  46.30229797°N  503 m  20. 7. 2017  F, A, RSN  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle,  
gmajna; 1 km NW from Hraše pri  14.37040301°E  M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
Preddvoru  
RTSB17-05  forest clearing; Velika  46.30398198°N  517 m  20. 7. 2017  F, A, RSN  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle,  
gmajna; 1 km NW from Hraše pri  14.370301°E  M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
Preddvoru  
RTSB17-06  mixed forest; Velika  46.303582°N  514 m  20. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS,  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle,  
gmajna; 1 km NW from Hraše pri  14.37010403°E  RSN  M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
Preddvoru  
RTSB17-07  cave; P-1 (Brezovica);  46.2916°N  580 m  20. 7. 2017  PT, A, F  D. Škufca, A. Kos, G. Benko,  
Češnjica pri Kropi  14.2172°E  G. Makovec, A. Podrug  
RTSB17-08  cave; P-5 (Brezovica);  46.291°N  560 m  20. 7. 2017  PT, A, F  D. Škufca, A. Kos, G. Benko,  
Češnjica pri Kropi  14.2173°E  G. Makovec, A. Podrug  
RTSB17-09  riparian forest; Brdo  46.29026399°N  488 m  21. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS,  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle,  
Estate; 500 m W from Breg ob Kokri  14.41165103°E  RSN  M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  

Locality ID RTSB17-10 RTSB17-11  Locality riparian zone; Brdo Estate; 1 km W from Hotemaže oak forest; Brdo Estate; 1 km NE from Srakovlje  Lat. Long. 46.28653002°N 14.41033498°E 46.28486998°N 14.379878°E  Altitude a.s.l. 471 m 445 m  Date 21. 7. 2017 21. 7. 2017  Sampling methods F, A F, A, LLS, RSN  Legator N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
RTSB17-12 RTSB17-13  mixed forest; Udin boršt; 1 km E from Cegelnica mixed forest; Udin boršt; 1 km E from Cegelnica  46.27705101°N 14.33570604°E 46.27959601°N 14.33398498°E  436 m 443 m  22. 7. 2017 22. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS, RSN F, A, LLS, RSN  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
RTSB17-14  riparian forest; Udin boršt; 1,5 km E from Cegelnica  46.28601504°N 14.32982999°E  433 m  22. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS, RSN  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
RTSB17-15 RTSB17-16  riparian forest; Petrovc; 200 m NE from bridge over the Kokra River at Predoslje meadow; Savski otok; S del Savskega otoka  46.264533°N 14.391465°E 46.244062°N 14.351125°E  411 m 355 m  22. 7. 2017 22. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS, RSN F, A, RSN  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
RTSB17-17  construction waste dumpsite; Šenčurska gmajna; 1,5 km S from Šenčur  46.23055°N 14.417874°E  386 m  22. 7. 2017  F  M. Vek, A. Pekolj, L. Fon Mervič, R. Karner, D. Lenarčič, J. Perutka, J. Prevc, K. Prot, L. Recer, L.L. Zamuda  
RTSB17-18 RTSB17-19  mixed forest; Rupa; 350 m N from Rupa meadow; stream Bela; 1 km SW from Preddvor  46.259701°N 14.364561°E 46.29678302°N 14.41079498°E  406 m 484 m  22. 7. 2017 23. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS, RSN F, A, RSN  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt, R. Kostanjšek N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
RTSB17-20 RTSB17-21  riparian forest; stream Bela; 1 km SW from Preddvor mixed forest; Možjanca; 900 m E from Možjanca  46.29756002°N 14.41024303°E 46.29116303°N 14.46115999°E  483 m 680 m  23. 7. 2017 23. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS, RSN F, A, LLS, RSN, ILB  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
RTSB17-22 RTSB17-23  meadow; Štefanja Gora; 1 km W from Štefanja Gora urban area; OŠ Predoslje; Predoslje  46.28984397°N 14.46989997°E 46.266463°N 14.387378°E  685 m 420 m  23. 7. 2017 19. -28. 7. 2017  F, A, RSN F, A  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
RTSB17-24 RTSB17-25 RTSB17-26  meadow; Matizovec; 2,5 km NE from Podljubelj cave; Jama pri Taboru; Rovte cave; Lisična jama; Njivica  46.415245°N 14.307888°E 46.2761°N 14.2411°E 46.2647°N 14.244°E  1070 m 460 m 480 m  25. 7. 2017 23. 7. 2017 23. 7. 2017  F, A PT, A, F PT, A, F  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt D. Škufca, A. Kos, G. Benko, G. Makovec, A. Podrug D. Škufca, A. Kos, G. Benko, G. Makovec, A. Podrug  
RTSB17-27  cave; Gipsova jama; Vincarje  46.1626°N 14.2982°E  434 m  22. 7. 2017  PT, A, F  D. Škufca, A. Kos, G. Benko, G. Makovec, A. Podrug  
RTSB17-28  mixed forest; Mostec; 700 m NW from Šišenski hrib  46.06168597°N 14.47992104°E  322 m  26. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS, RSN, ILB  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  

Locality Locality Lat. Altitude Date Sampling Legator ID Long. a.s.l. methods 
RTSB17-29 RTSB17-30  meadow; Department of Biology; 200 m SW from Ljubljana ZOO meadow; Spodnje Tenetiše; 700 m N from Tenetiše  46.05152501°N 14.47049299°E 46.30153899°N 14.34912002°E  297 m 434 m  26. 7. 2017 26. 7. 2017  F, A, RSN, ILB F, A, RSN, ILB  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt  
RTSB17-31 RTSB17-32  riparian forest; Nova vas; 1,2 km NE from Preddvor riparian zone; Brdo Estate; 780 m S from Srednja Bela  46.31152896°N 14.42868096°E 46.286271°N 14.39456°E  514 m 446 m  26. 7. 2017 26. 7. 2017  F, A, LLS, RSN A, F  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt D. Vinko, A. Tratnik, A. Janović, D. Kablar, R. Kraševec, K. Mazinjanin  
RTSB17-33 RTSB17-34 PSJ-1  urban area; Rupa; 1 km N from Kranj riparian forest; Rupovščica canyon; 1,5 km N from Kranj thermophilic meadow; Betanja; 200 m N from Betanja  46.25702°N 14.365558°E 46.262537°N 14.364868°E 45.668327°N 13.994555°E  401 m 400 m 390 m  27. 7. 2017 27. 7. 2017 13. 5. 2017  A, F F, A, LLS, RSN F, A, RSN, ILB  N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt N. Pajek Arambašić, M. Ferle, M. Velkavrh, E. Premate, N. Šramel, N. Štrekelj, Ž. Kuralt R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  

PSJ-2 PSJ-3  thermophilic meadow; Betanja; 200 m N from Betanja thermophilic meadow; Betanja; 160 m NW from Betanja  45.668327°N 13.994555°E 45.66721°N 13.991662°E  390 m 380 m  24. 6. 2017 13. 5. 2017  F, A, RSN, ILB F, A, RSN, ILB  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  
PSJ-4 PSJ-5  thermophilic meadow; Betanja; 160 m NW from Betanja thermophilic meadow; Betanja; 160 m NW from Betanja  45.66721°N 13.991662°E 45.66721°N 13.991662°E  380 m 380 m  24. 6. 2017 17. 7. 2017  F, A, RSN, ILB F, A, RSN, ILB  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  
PSJ-6 PSJ-7  thermophilic meadow; Betanja; 160 m NW from Betanja thermophilic meadow; Betanja; 160 m NW from Betanja  45.66721°N 13.991662°E 45.66721°N 13.991662°E  380 m 380 m  30. 8. 2017 30. 9. 2017  F, A, RSN, ILB F, A, RSN, ILB  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  
PSJ-8  thermophilic forest; Matavun; 300 m NW from Matavun  45.66548°N 13.988209°E  375 m  13. 5. 2017  F, A, RSN, ILB, LLS  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  
PSJ-9  thermophilic forest; Matavun; 300 m NW from Matavun  45.66548°N 13.988209°E  375 m  24. 6. 2017  F, A, RSN, ILB, LLS  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  
PSJ-10  thermophilic forest; Matavun; 300 m NW from Matavun  45.66548°N 13.988209°E  375 m  17. 7. 2017  F, A, RSN, ILB, LLS  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  
PSJ-11  thermophilic forest; Matavun; 300 m NW from Matavun  45.66548°N 13.988209°E  375 m  30. 8. 2017  F, A, RSN, ILB, LLS  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  
PSJ-12  thermophilic forest; Matavun; 300 m NW from Matavun  45.66548°N 13.988209°E  375 m  30. 9. 2017  F, A, RSN, ILB, LLS  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  
PSJ-13  under stones and stone wall; Škocjan; 150m S from Škocjan  45.663913°N 13.99365°E  409 m  13. 5. 2017  F, A  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  

Locality ID PSJ-14 PSJ-15  Locality under stones and stone wall; Škocjan; 150m S from Škocjan under stones and stone wall; Škocjan; 150m S from Škocjan  Lat. Long. 45.663913°N 13.99365°E 45.663913°N 13.99365°E  Altitude a.s.l. 409 m 409 m  Date 17. 7. 2017 30. 8. 2017  Sampling methods F, A F, A  Legator R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  
PSJ-16 PSJ-17  under stones and stone wall; Škocjan; 150m S from Škocjan thermophilic meadow; Betanja; 200 m N from Betanja  45.663913°N 13.99365°E 45.669157°N 13.994193°E  409 m 395 m  30. 9. 2017 17. 7. 2017  F, A F, A, RSN, ILB  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  

PSJ-18  thermophilic meadow;  45.669157°N  395 m  30. 8. 2017  F, A, RSN,  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  
Betanja; 200 m N  13.994193°E  ILB  
from Betanja  
PSJ-19  thermophilic meadow;  45.669157°N  395 m  30. 9. 2017  F, A, RSN,  R. Kostanjšek, Ž. Kuralt  
Betanja; 200 m N  13.994193°E  ILB  
from Betanja  
BioBlitz-1  meadow; meadow at  45.940594°N  300 m  19. 5. 2017  F, A, RSN,  A. Celestina, R. Kostanjšek,  
hunter's lodge; 740 m  14.546413°E  ILB  S. Kralj Fišer, Ž. Kuralt  
S from Draga  

BioBlitz-2 BioBlitz-3  mixed forest; Draška reber; 1 km S from Draga meadow; meadow at middle pond; 1.2 km S from Draga  45.938115°N 14.547604°E 45.93693°N 14.548203°E  300 m 300 m  19. 5. 2017 19. 5. 2017  F, A, LLS F, A, RSN, ILB  A. Celestina, R. Kostanjšek, T. Knapič, Ž. Kuralt, M. Gregorič A. Celestina, R. Kostanjšek, S. Kralj Fišer, Ž. Kuralt, M. Gregorič  
BioBlitz-4 BioBlitz-5 BioBlitz-6  mixed forest; Šviglov gozd; 550 m S from Draga mixed forest; Gmajna; 650 m S from Draga riparian forest; riparian forest at Veliki ribnik; 950 m S from Draga  45.941536°N 14.546578°E 45.941532°N 14.551181°E 45.938527°N 14.551°E  300 m 300 m 300 m  19. 5. 2017 19. 5. 2017 19. 5. 2017  F, A F, A, LLS F, A  A. Celestina, R. Kostanjšek, T. Knapič, Ž. Kuralt, M. Gregorič A. Celestina, R. Kostanjšek, T. Knapič, Ž. Kuralt, M. Gregorič, N. Sivec, M. Velkavrh A. Celestina, R. Kostanjšek, T. Knapič, Ž. Kuralt, M. Gregorič  
BioBlitz-7 BioBlitz-8  riparian zone; embankement between first and second pond; 600 m S from Draga meadow; meadow E of Veliki ribnik; 600 m S from Draga  45.941478°N 14.5487°E 45.938648°N 14.551909°E  300 m 300 m  19. 5. 2017 19. 5. 2017  F, A F, A, RSN  A. Celestina, R. Kostanjšek, T. Knapič, Ž. Kuralt, M. Gregorič A. Celestina, R. Kostanjšek, T. Knapič, Ž. Kuralt, M. Gregorič  

BioBlitz-9 BioBlitz-10  mixed forest soil; Šviglov gozd; 550 m S from Draga riparian forest soil; riparian forest at Veliki ribnik; 950 m S from Draga  45.941388°N 14.546148°E 45.938484°N 14.550005°E  300 m 300 m  17. 5. 2017 17. 5. 2017  SS SS  F. Kljun F. Kljun  
BioBlitz-11 BioBlitz-12  mixed forest soil; NW forest slope; 1.6 km S from Draga mixed forest soil; SE forest slope; 1.6 km S from Draga  45.933555°N 14.551714°E 45.934036°N 14.549683°E  300 m 300 m  17. 5. 2017 17. 5. 2017  SS SS  F. Kljun F. Kljun  

Locality ID  Locality  Lat. Long.  Altitude a.s.l.  Date  Sampling methods  Legator  
Grebenje-1  mixed forest soil; Grebenje; 150 m E from Grebenje  45.799391°N 14.632649°E  620 m  5. 2. 2016  SS  F. Kljun  
Grebenje-2  mixed forest soil; Grebenje; 150 m E from Grebenje  45.799391°N 14.632649°E  620 m  23. 3. 2016  SS  F. Kljun  
Grebenje-3 Grebenje-4 Grebenje-5  mixed forest soil; Grebenje; 150 m E from Grebenje mixed forest soil; Grebenje; 150 m E from Grebenje mixed forest soil; Grebenje; 150 m E from Grebenje  45.799391°N 14.632649°E 45.799391°N 14.632649°E 45.799391°N 14.632649°E  620 m 620 m 620 m  13. 5. 2016 30. 6. 2016 12. 8. 2016  SS SS SS  F. Kljun F. Kljun F. Kljun  
Grebenje-6 Grebenje-7  mixed forest soil; Grebenje; 150 m E from Grebenje mixed forest soil; Grebenje; 150 m E from Grebenje  45.799391°N 14.632649°E 45.799391°N 14.632649°E  620 m 620 m  30. 9. 2016 25. 11. 2016  SS SS  F. Kljun F. Kljun  
Grebenje-8 Grebenje-9 Grebenje-10  mixed forest soil; Grebenje; 150 m E from Grebenje xerophillic meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje xerophillic meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje  45.799391°N 14.632649°E 45.799708°N 14.632331°E 45.799708°N 14.632331°E  620 m 630 m 630 m  15. 2. 2017 5. 2. 2016 23. 3. 2016  SS SS SS  F. Kljun F. Kljun F. Kljun  
Grebenje-11 Grebenje-12  xerophillic meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje xerophillic meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje  45.799708°N 14.632331°E 45.799708°N 14.632331°E  630 m 630 m  13. 5. 2016 30. 6. 2016  SS SS  F. Kljun F. Kljun  
Grebenje-13 Grebenje-14 Grebenje-15  xerophillic meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje xerophillic meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje xerophillic meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje  45.799708°N 14.632331°E 45.799708°N 14.632331°E 45.799708°N 14.632331°E  630 m 630 m 630 m  12. 8. 2016 30. 9. 2016 25. 11. 2016  SS SS SS  F. Kljun F. Kljun F. Kljun  
Grebenje-16 Grebenje-17  xerophillic meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje mulched meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje  45.799708°N 14.632331°E 45.799689°N 14.632271°E  630 m 630 m  15. 2. 2017 5. 2. 2016  SS SS  F. Kljun F. Kljun  
Grebenje-18 Grebenje-19  mulched meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje mulched meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje  45.799689°N 14.632271°E 45.799689°N 14.632271°E  630 m 630 m  23. 3. 2016 13. 5. 2016  SS SS  F. Kljun F. Kljun  

Locality Locality Lat. Altitude Date Sampling Legator ID Long. a.s.l. methods 
Grebenje-20 Grebenje-21  mulched meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje mulched meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje  45.799689°N 14.632271°E 45.799689°N 14.632271°E  630 m 630 m  30. 6. 2016 12. 8. 2016  SS SS  F. Kljun F. Kljun  
Grebenje-22 Grebenje-23  mulched meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje mulched meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje  45.799689°N 14.632271°E 45.799689°N 14.632271°E  630 m 630 m  30. 9. 2016 25. 11. 2016  SS SS  F. Kljun F. Kljun  
Grebenje-24 BioDept-1  mulched meadow soil; Grebenje; 150 m NE from Grebenje inside a building; Department of Biology; 200 m SW from ZOO Ljubljana  45.799689°N 14.632271°E 46.051281°N 14.47038°E  630 m 296 m  15. 2. 2017 17. 5. 2018  SS A  F. Kljun Ž. Kuralt  


Sampling methods, identification and specimen preparation 
To cover as many microhabitats as possible, a variety of sampling methods (forceps, aspirator, round sweep net, inverted leaf blower, leaf litter sifter, soil sampling) were used in targeted spider sampling. Specimens were preserved in denatured 70% ethanol. Soil samples were acquired using soil sampling probe with diameter of 21 cm and later extracted using modified Tullgren-Berlese funnels. The specimens were identified by commonly used determination keys (Roberts 1995, Oger 2016, Nentwig et al. 2019,). The identity of 
E. autumnalis was additionally supported by recent paper by Bellvert et al. (2018). Extraction, identification, preparation and observation of the specimens were performed at the Department of Biology of the Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana. 
The epigyne of female specimens was observed with Olympus SZX7 stereomicroscope and photographed with Olympus XC30 camera. 
For electron microscopic observation, the male pedipalps were briefly sonicated in ultrasonic bath PIO Sonis 2 T, air-dried, mounted on aluminium stubs and sputter-coated with platinum. The prepared samples were observed with a Jeol JSM-7500F field emission scanning electron microscope. 
Specimens are deposited in the Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana. 
NATURA SLOVENIAE 21(1): 21-45 


Results 
Altogether, 716 adult spider specimens (204 males, 511 females) belonging to 171 species from 27 families were identified (see Tab. 2 for the list of species). 
Table 2. Species list of the examined spiders. New records for the Slovenian fauna are marked with an asterisk. For abbreviations of localities see Tab. 1. Numbers next to gender symbol refer to number of collected individuals. 
Tabela 2. Seznam zabeleženih vrst pajkov. Prve najdbe za Slovenijo so označene z zvezdico. Natančen opis lokalitet je v Tab. 1. V oklepajih je navedeno število in spol ujetih in določenih pajkov. 
Family / Species  Localities  
AGELENIDAE  
1  Agelena labyrinthica  RTSB17-11 (1 +); RTSB17-24 (1 +); RTSB17-31 (1 +); PSJ-14 (2 +)  
2  Allagelena gracilens  RTSB17-10 (2 + 2 >); RTSB17-28 (1 +)  
3  Coelotes terrestris  Grebenje-6 (1 >)  
4  Histopona torpida  RTSB17-02 (1 +); RTSB17-03 (1 +); RTSB17-21 (1 +);  
PSJ-9 (1 +)  
5  Tegenaria silvestris  RTSB17-03 (1 +); RTSB17-13 (1 +); RTSB17-20 (1 +);  
RTSB17-21 (1 +); PSJ-6 (1 +)  
AMAUROBIIDAE  
6  Amaurobius fenestralis  PSJ-9 (2 +)  
ANAPIDAE  
7  Comaroma simoni  BioBlitz-5 (1 + 2 >)  
ANYPHAENIDAE  
8  Anyphaena accentuata  BioBlitz-3 (1 >); BioBlitz-5 (1 +)  
ARANEIDAE  
9  Aculepeira ceropegia  BioBlitz-3 (1 >)  

10 11  Araneus alsine Araneus angulatus  RTSB17-10 (1 >) RTSB17-17 (1 +); RTSB17-17 (1 +); BioBlitz-4 (1 +)  
12  Araneus diadematus  RTSB17-05 (1 >); RTSB17-09 (1 +); RTSB17-23 (1 +)  
13  Araneus marmoreus  RTSB17-14 (1 +)  
14  Araneus triguttatus  PSJ-9 (1 >)  
15  Araniella cucurbitina  PSJ-4 (1 +); Bioblitz-8 (1 >)  

16  Argiope bruennichi  RTSB17-10 (1 + 1 >); RTSB17-19 (1 +); RTSB17-22 (1 >);  
RTSB17-29 (3 +); RTSB17-30 (2 + 1 >); PSJ-18 (1 >)  
17  Cercidia prominens  PSJ-18 (1 +); PSJ-1 (1 +)  
18  Cyclosa conica  RTSB17-02 (1 +)  
19  Cyclosa oculata  Bioblitz-8 (1 +)  
20  Hypsosinga pygmaea  Bioblitz-8 (1 >); RTSB17-19 (1 + 1 >)  
21  Hypsosinga sanguinea  PSJ-3 (1 >); BioBlitz-3 (2 >)  
22  Larinioides sclopetarius  BioBlitz-7 (1 +)  
23  Larinioides suspicax  BioBlitz-7 (1 +)  
24  Leviellus thorelli  BioBlitz-7 (1 +)  
25  Mangora acalypha  RTSB17-11 (2 +); PSJ-9 (3 +); PSJ-2 (1 + 1 >); PSJ-4 (1 +);  
BioBlitz-3 (2 >)  

Family / Species Localities Family / Species Localities 
26  Nuctenea umbratica  RTSB17-01 (2 +); RTSB17-10 (1 +); RTSB17-18 (1 >);  
RTSB17-23 (3 + 3 >); BioBlitz-7 (1 +)  
27  Singa hamata  BioBlitz-3 (2 >)  
28  Zilla diodia  BioBlitz-5 (3 +)  

CLUBIONIDAE  
29  Clubiona neglecta  RTSB17-30 (1 +); PSJ-5 (1 +)  
30  Clubiona phrahmitis  BioBlitz-6 (1 >)  
31  Clubiona pseudoneglecta  RTSB17-18 (1 +); PSJ-2 (1 +); PSJ-4 (1 +)  
32  Clubiona terrestris  RTSB17-18 (1 >); PSJ-2 (1 >)  
CYBAEIDAE  

33  Cybaeus raymondi DICTYNIDAE  RTSB17-03 (1 +)  
34  Argenna subnigra  Grebenje-11 (2 >); Grebenje-12 (1 +); Grebenje-15 (1 >);  
Grebenje-17 (1 + 1 >); Grebenje-19 (1 +); Grebenje-9 (1 +)  
35  *Nigma flavescens  BioBlitz-1 (2 >)  

DYSDERIDAE  
36  Dysdera crocata  RTSB17-18 (1 +)  
37  Dysdera ninni  RTSB17-14 (1 >)  
38  Harpactea hombergi  RTSB17-20 (1 +)  
GNAPHOSIDAE  

39 40  Drassodes lapidosus Echemus angustifrons  PSJ-14 (1 +) PSJ-9 (1 +)  
41  Haplodrassus kulczynskii  Grebenje-11 (1 + 1 >); Grebenje-15 (1 >); Grebenje-16 (1 >)  
42  *Micaria subopaca  BioDept-1 (1 >)  
43  Trachyzelotes pedestris  PSJ-13 (1 +)  

HAHNIIDAE  
44  Hahnia pusilla  Grebenje-14 (1 >); Grebenje-8 (1 +); BioBlitz-11 (4 + 2 >);  
BioBlitz-12 (5 + 1 >); BioBlitz-9 (5 +)  
LINYPHIIDAE  
45  Agyneta saxatilis  PSJ-6 (1 +)  
46  Agyneta fuscipalpa  RTSB17-16 (1 +)  
47  Agyneta rurestris  RTSB17-29 (1 >)  
48  Centromerus cavernarum  Grebenje-22 (1 +)  
49  Centromerus silvicola  BioBlitz-2 (1 +)  
50  Centromerus sylvaticus  Grebenje-23 (1 +)  
51  Diplocephalus helleri  RTSB17-24 (1 >)  
52  Diplocephalus latifrons  Grebenje-9 (1 +)  
53  Diplostyla concolor  RTSB17-09 (1 +); RTSB17-29 (1 +); Grebenje-21 (1 +)  
54  Entelecara acuminata  BioBlitz-1 (2 +); BioBlitz-2 (1 >)  
55  Erigone atra  Grebenje-19 (1 +)  
56  *Erigone autumnalis  Grebenje-11 (1 >); Grebenje-9 (2 >)  
57  Erigone dentipalpis  RTSB17-29 (1 >)  
58  Erigone longipalpis  BioBlitz-1 (1 >)  

59  Frontinellina frutetorum  RTSB17-04 (2 +); RTSB17-13 (1 +); PSJ-9 (1 +);  
Bioblitz-8 (1 + 2 >)  
60  Gonatium hilare  RTSB17-11 (1 +)  
61  Gonatium rubens  BioBlitz-12 (2 +); BioBlitz-9 (7 +)  

62  Leptyphantes obscurus  RTSB17-10 (1 >)  
63  Linyphia hortensis  PSJ-9 (1 +); BioBlitz-2 (1 >); BioBlitz-5 (2 +); BioBlitz-6 (1 +)  
64  Linyphia triangularis  RTSB17-09 (2 + 6 >); RTSB17-11 (2 + 1 >); RTSB17-12 (2 + 1 >); RTSB17-14 (1 + 2 >); RTSB17-18 (4 >); RTSB17-21 (1 +); RTSB17-34 (1 >); PSJ-12 (1 +)  
65  Maso sundevalli  BioBlitz-1 (1 +); BioBlitz-2 (2 +)  
66  Mermessus trilobatus  Grebenje-1 (4 + 1 >); Grebenje-11 (1 +); Grebenje-12 (2 + 1 >); Grebenje-13 (1 +); Grebenje-14 (4 + 1 >); Grebenje-15 (1 + 1 >); Grebenje-16 (2 +); Grebenje-17 (2 + 1 >); Grebenje-18 (2 +); Grebenje-19 (2 + 3 >); Grebenje-2 (1 +); Grebenje-20 (6 +); Grebenje-21 (8 + 4 >); Grebenje-22 (5 + 1 >); Grebenje-23 (1 + 3 >); Grebenje-24 (3 + 2 >); Grebenje-5 (1 +); Grebenje-6 (2 +); Grebenje-9 (4 + 1 >)  

67  Micrargus herbigradus  Grebenje-13 (2 +); Grebenje-3 (1 +); Grebenje-5 (1 >); Grebenje-6 (1 +); Grebenje-7 (2 + 1 >); Grebenje-8 (2 + 3 >); BioBlitz-12 (1 >)  
68  Micrargus subaequalis  Grebenje-12 (2 +); Grebenje-19 (1 + 1 >); Grebenje-20 (1 +)  
69  Microlinyphia pusilla  RTSB17-29 (1 +)  
70  Microneta viaria  BioBlitz-5 (7 +)  

71 Nematogmus sanguinolentus RTSB17-29 (1 >); RTSB17-30 (1 >); BioBlitz-1 (2 +); BioBlitz-6 (1 +) 
72 Neriene clathrata RTSB17-28 (1 +); RTSB17-29 (1 +); RTSB17-29 (1 +) 
73 Neriene emphana BioBlitz-2 (1 +) 
74 75  Neriene peltata Neriene radiata  BioBlitz-5 (2 + 1 >) RTSB17-05 (1 +); PSJ-8 (1 >)  
76  Oedothorax agrestis  BioBlitz-10 (1 +); BioBlitz-11 (6 +); BioBlitz-12 (6 +);  
BioBlitz-2 (2 +); BioBlitz-6 (4 + 1 >)  
77  Oedothorax apicatus  RTSB17-34 (1 +)  
78  Palliduphantes pallidus  Grebenje-8 (1 +)  
79  Panamomops affinis  BioBlitz-2 (1 >)  
80  *Pelecopsis parallela  PSJ-6 (1 +)  
81  Pocadicnemis pumila  BioBlitz-1 (7 +); BioBlitz-2 (1 +)  

82  Porrhoma pallidum  RTSB17-27 (1 +)  
83  Stemonyphantes lineatus  Grebenje-8 (1 +)  
84  Tapinocyba insecta  Grebenje-19 (1 +); Grebenje-22 (6 + 5 >); Grebenje-23 (2 + 3 >);  
Grebenje-24 (1 +)  
85  Tapinocyba pallens  Grebenje-24 (1 >)  
86  Tenuiphantes alacris  BioBlitz-2 (4 +); BioBlitz-5 (1 +)  
87  Tenuiphantes cristatus  BioBlitz-5 (1 +)  
88  Tenuiphantes flavipes  RTSB17-18 (1 +); RTSB17-20 (1 +); RTSB17-28 (2 + 4 >);  
RTSB17-29 (1 +); RTSB17-23 (1 +); Grebenje-6 (1 +);  
BioBlitz-5 (2 +)  
89  Tenuiphantes mengei  RTSB17-29 (1 +); RTSB17-31 (1 +)  

Family / Species  Localities  
90  Tenuiphantes tenebricola  RTSB17-31 (1 +); BioBlitz-2 (1 +)  
91  Tenuiphantes tenuis  RTSB17-23 (1 +)  
92  Tiso vagans  Grebenje-21 (1 +); Grebenje-22 (1 >); Grebenje-24 (1 +)  
93  Troglohyphantes cf. sordellii  RTSB17-08 (1 +)  
94  *Walckenaria alticeps  BioBlitz-2 (1 >)  
LIOCRANIDAE  
95  Apostenus fuscus  RTSB17-02 (1 +)  
96  Liocranum rupicola  PSJ-16 (1 +)  
97  Phrurolitus festivus  RTSB17-13 (1 +)  
LYCOSIDAE  
98  Arctosa lutetiana  RTSB17-09 (1 +); Grebenje-10 (1 +); Grebenje-17 (1 +)  
99  Aulonia albimana  RTSB17-13 (2 +); BioBlitz-1 (1 >); Bioblitz-8 (1 >)  
100 Hogna radiata  PSJ-6 (1 +); PSJ-19 (1 +)  
101 Pardosa alacris  BioBlitz-5 (2 >)  
102 Pardosa amentata  RTSB17-10 (3 +); RTSB17-11 (1 +); RTSB17-14 (1 +)  
103 Pardosa hortensis  PSJ-14 (1 +)  

104 Pardosa lugubris  RTSB17-02 (4 +); RTSB17-03 (1 +); RTSB17-04 (3 +); RTSB17-10 (1 +); RTSB17-21 (3 +); RTSB17-22 (1 +); RTSB17-31 (1 +); Grebenje-3 (1 >); PSJ-9 (4 +); PSJ-13 (1 +); PSJ-14 (1 +); BioBlitz-1 (3 +); BioBlitz-2 (3 + 1 >); BioBlitz-3 (6 +); BioBlitz-4 (2 +); BioBlitz-5 (11 +)  
105 Piratula hygrophila  BioBlitz-6 (1 +)  
106 Piratula knorri  RTSB17-14 (2 +); RTSB17-15 (1 +); RTSB17-20 (2 +); RTSB17-34 (6 +); BioBlitz-6 (2 + 1 >)  

107 Trochosa terricola  RTSB17-18 (2 +); Grebenje-6 (1 +); BioBlitz-3 (1 +)  
MITURGIDAE  
108 Zora armillata  RTSB17-12 (1 +); PSJ-12 (1 +)  
109 Zora spinimana  RTSB17-30 (2 +); PSJ-6 (1 +); PSJ-8 (1 +); BioBlitz-4 (1 >);  
BioBlitz-5 (4 + 2 >); BioBlitz-9 (1 +)  
NESTICIDAE  
110 Nesticus cellulanus  RTSB17-26 (1 +)  
OXYOPIDAE  
111 Oxyopes lineatus  PSJ-4 (2 + 1 >)  
PHILODROMIDAE  
112 Philodromus albidus  RTSB17-23 (1 +)  
113 Philodromus collinus  RTSB17-10 (1 +)  
PHOLCIDAE  
114 Holocnemus pluchei  RTSB17-33 (1 +)  
115 Pholcus opilionides  RTSB17-01 (1 >); RTSB17-23 (3 +); PSJ-16 (1 >)  
116 Pholcus phalangoides  RTSB17-23 (2 + 1 >)  
PISAURIDAE  
117 Dolomedes fimbriatus  RTSB17-32 (1 +)  
118 Pisaura mirabilis  RTSB17-10 (1 +); RTSB17-11 (1 +); RTSB17-22 (1 +);  
RTSB17-29 (1 +); PSJ-3 (1 + 2 >); PSJ-1 (1 +); BioBlitz-3 (1 >)  

Family / Species  Localities  
SALTICIDAE  
119 Ballus chalybeius  PSJ-9 (2 +)  

120 Evarcha arcuata  RTSB17-05 (1 +); RTSB17-10 (1 +); RTSB17-30 (1 + 3 >);  
PSJ-6 (1 +); PSJ-18 (2 +); PSJ-18 (1 +); Bioblitz-8 (1 >)  
121 Evarcha falcata  RTSB17-04 (1 +); RTSB17-18 (1 +); PSJ-1 (1 >); PSJ-14 (1 >);  
BioBlitz-1 (2 >); BioBlitz-3 (1 >)  
122 Evarcha laetabunda  PSJ-7 (1 >)  
123 Heliophanus cupreus  PSJ-9 (1 >); BioBlitz-1 (1 >)  

124 Heliophanus flavipes  PSJ-6 (1 +); PSJ-18 (1 +); PSJ-1 (1 +)  
125 Marpissa muscosa  RTSB17-23 (1 +); PSJ-16 (1 +); PSJ-13 (1 >)  
126 Neon reticulatus  RTSB17-28 (2 +); BioBlitz-11 (1 +); BioBlitz-2 (1 >)  
127 Pellenes tripunctatus  PSJ-1 (1 +)  
128 Phlegra fasciata  RTSB17-15 (1 +); BioBlitz-1 (1 +)  
SPARASSIDAE  
129 Micrommata virescens  BioBlitz-1 (1 >); BioBlitz-2 (1 +)  
TETRAGNATHIDAE  
130 Meta menardi  RTSB17-07 (1 +); RTSB17-25 (1 +)  
131 Metellina mengei  PSJ-9 (1 +); BioBlitz-6 (1 +)  
132 Metellina merianae  RTSB17-01 (1 +); RTSB17-18 (1 +)  

133 Metellina segmentata 134 Pachygnatha degeeri 135 Pachygnatha listeri 136 Tetragnatha montana 137 Tetragnatha extensa  RTSB17-09 (1 +); RTSB17-18 (1 +); RTSB17-31 (1 +); PSJ-8 (1 >); Bioblitz-8 (2 +) RTSB17-29 (2 >); Grebenje-19 (1 >); Grebenje-22 (1 >); Grebenje-23 (1 >); BioBlitz-1 (1 >) RTSB17-29 (1 >) RTSB17-20 (1 +) RTSB17-11 (2 +); BioBlitz-2 (2 >); BioBlitz-7 (1 >)  
138 Tetragnatha pinicola  RTSB17-05 (1 >); RTSB17-10 (2 >)  
THERIDIIDAE  
139 Crustulina guttata  BioBlitz-1 (2 +)  
140 Cryptachea riparia  RTSB17-23 (1 >)  
141 Dipoena melanogaster  BioBlitz-4 (1 +)  
142 Enoplognatha ovata  RTSB17-09 (1 +); RTSB17-11 (1 +); RTSB17-12 (2 +); RTSB17-14 (1 +); RTSB17-21 (2 +); RTSB17-22 (2 +); PSJ-2 (5 +); PSJ-4 (1 +)  
143 Enoplognatha thoracica  Grebenje-10 (2 >)  
144 Episinus truncatus  RTSB17-10 (1 +); RTSB17-11 (1 +)  
145 Neottiura bimaculata  RTSB17-12 (1 +); RTSB17-29 (1 +); Grebenje-13 (1 +); Bioblitz-8 (1 >)  

146 Parasteatoda lunata  RTSB17-01 (2 +); RTSB17-31 (6 +)  
147 Parasteatoda simulans  RTSB17-18 (1 +)  
148 Parasteatoda tepidariorum  RTSB17-01 (2 +); RTSB17-23 (9 +); RTSB17-33 (1 +);  
RTSB17-23 (2 +)  
149 Platnickina tinta  RTSB17-23 (1 +)  
150 Robertus lividus  RTSB17-09 (1 +)  
151 Steatoda bipunctata  RTSB17-23 (4 +)  

Family / Species  Localities  
152 Steatoda paykulliana  PSJ-14 (1 +)  
153 Steatoda triangulosa  RTSB17-23 (1 >)  
154 Theridion melanurum  RTSB17-12 (1 +)  
155 Theridion varians  RTSB17-09 (1 +)  
THOMISIDAE  
156 Diaea dorsata  RTSB17-11 (1 +); RTSB17-21 (1 +); PSJ-1 (1 >)  

157 Misumena vatia  RTSB17-11 (1 + 1 >); RTSB17-19 (1 >); RTSB17-22 (1 >); RTSB17-18 (1 +); BioBlitz-2 (1 >); BioBlitz-3 (2 >)  
158 Ozyptila claveata  Grebenje-10 (1 +); Grebenje-11 (1 >); Grebenje-12 (1 +);  
Grebenje-15 (1 + 1 >); Grebenje-17 (1 >); Grebenje-9 (1 + 1 >)  
159 Ozyptilla praticola  RTSB17-23 (2 +)  
160 Ozyptilla simplex  Bioblitz-8 (1 + 2 >)  

161 Synaema globosum  BioBlitz-3 (1 >); Bioblitz-8 (2 + 1 >)  
162 Tmarus piger  RTSB17-34 (1 +); PSJ-1 (1 +); BioBlitz-3 (3 >)  
163 Xysticus bifasciatus  RTSB17-22 (1 +); Grebenje-24 (1 +)  
164 Xysticus cor  PSJ-6 (1 >)  
165 Xysticus cristatus  PSJ-3 (1 + 1 >); BioBlitz-1 (1 +); BioBlitz-3 (4 + 1 >);  
BioBlitz-7 (1 +)  
166 Xysticus erraticus  Grebenje-22 (1 +); Grebenje-9 (1 +); PSJ-1 (3 +)  
167 Xysticus kochi  BioBlitz-3 (4 + 5 >); BioBlitz-6 (1 +); Bioblitz-8 (2 +)  
168 Xysticus lanio  PSJ-3 (1 +); BioBlitz-3 (1 >)  
169 Xysticus ulmi  BioBlitz-2 (1 +); Bioblitz-8 (1 >)  
ULOBORIDAE  
170 Hyptiotes paradoxus  RTSB17-18 (4 + 4 >); PSJ-16 (1 +)  
ZODARIIDAE  
171 Zodarion rubidum  RTSB17-23 (1 >)  

Photographic material of new and interesting records Erigone autumnalis Emerton, 1882 (Linyphiidae) 

Figure 2. Lateral view of Erigone autumnalis left male pedipalp with specific shape of patellar apophysis and distinctive structure of bulbar sclerites. Specimen was collected in soil samples from xerophilic meadow in Grebenje village on 13. 5. 2016. 
Slika 2. Stranski pogled na značilne oblike skleritov bulba in apofize na pateli levega pedipalpa samca vrste Erigone autumnalis. Osebek je bil najden v talnih vzorcih z dne 13. 5. 2016, odvzetih na termofilnem travniku v Grebenjah. 
Pelecopsis parallela (Wider, 1834) (Linyphiidae) 

Figure 3. Ventral side of Pelecopsis parallela showing the distinctive epigynal morphology. Specimen was collected in a thermophilic meadow near Betanja Village on 30. 8. 2017. 
Slika 3. Trebušna stran Pelecopsis parallela z značilno oblikovano epigino. Osebek je bil ujet 30. 8. 2017 na termofilnem travniku v bližini vasi Betanja. 
NATURA SLOVENIAE 21(1): 21-45 Figure 4. Dorsal view of Pelecopsis parallela. Slika 4. Pelecopsis parallela s hrbtne strani. 

NATURA SLOVENIAE 21(1): 21-45 
Walckenaria alticeps (Denis, 1952) (Linyphiidae) 

Figure 5. A – Lateral view of Walckenaria alticeps left male pedipalp with distinctive structure of bulbal sclerites and shape of embolus. B – Frontal view of Walckenaria alticeps right male pedipalp. Widely twisted embolus is ~0.3 mm in diameter. Specimen was collected on 19. 5. 2017 in mixed forest leaf litter at Draška reber. 
Slika 5. A – Stranski pogled na značilne sklerotizirane strukture bulba (glave puščic) in embola (puščica) levega pedipalpa samca vrste Walckenaria alticeps. B – Frontalni pogled na značilno oblikovani embol desnega pedipalpa samca vrste Walckenaria alticeps premera ~0.3 mm. Osebek je bil ujet 19. 5. 2017 v listnem opadu mešanega gozda na Draški rebri. 
Nigma flavescens (Walckenaer, 1830) (Dictynidae) 

Figure 6. Ventral view of Nigma flavescens left male pedipalp depicting its distinctive structure. Specimen was collected on 19. 5. 2017 on forest edge near hunter’s lodge at Draga. 
Slika 6. Značilna struktura spodnje strani levega pedipalpa samca vrste Nigma flavescens. Osebek je bil ujet na gozdnem robu dne 19. 5. 2017 v bližini lovske koče Draga. 
NATURA SLOVENIAE 21(1): 21-45 
Zodarion rubidum Simon, 1914 (Zodariidae) 

Figure 8. A – Lateral view of Zodarion rubidum right male pedipalp with distinctively shaped tibial apophysis. B – Ventral view at recognizable structure of Zodarion rubidum left male pedipalp. Specimen was collected in the vicinity od Predoslje Primary school during nighttime on 25. 7. 2017. 
Slika 8. A – Stranski pogled na desni pedipalp samca vrste Zodarion rubidum z značilno oblikovano tibialno apofizo. B – Značilna struktura spodnje strani levega pedipalpa samca vrste Zodarion rubidum. Osebek je bil ujet ponoči v bližini osnovne šole Predoslje dne 25. 7. 2017. 


Discussion 
With 171 species and 27 families, the spider taxa presented in this paper covers 23% and 63% of currently known spider species and families in Slovenia, respectively. Approximately one third of the listed species belong to family Linyphiidae, which is consistent with the proportion of this family in the national spider checklist (Kostanjšek & Kuntner 2015). 
Since its publication in 2015, the list of 738 species given in the national spider checklist (Kostanjšek & Kuntner 2015) has already seen additions. These include two new additions by Kuralt & Kostanjšek (2016) and 13 species from the existing literature, which were overlooked in the initially published checklist. These include Clubiona diversa, Centromerus persimilis, Microlinyphia impigra, Trichoncus auritus, Agroeca lusatica, Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata, Zora parallela, Z. pardalis, Z. silvestris and Ozyptila sanctuaria previously listed in Gregorič & Kuntner (2009), Stalita pretneri and Palliduphantes spelaeorum listed by Deltshev (2008) and Alopecosa solitaria reported in Slovenia by Giltay (1932). Updated version of Slovenian spider checklist comprising 753 species is available on-line (http://www.bioportal.si/katalog/ araneae.php). 
Additions to the Slovenian spider fauna, including five species in the present work, confirm the proverbial ‘never-finished work with the checklists’ and confirm predictions on undersampled spider fauna (Kostanjšek & Kuntner 2015, Kuralt & Kostanjšek 2016) as well as need of long-term systematic surveys of the spider fauna in Slovenia. 
During the sampling at Škocjan Caves Regional Park, we collected Pelecopsis parallela, a first record of this species in Slovenia. Nevertheless, finding the species in Slovenia was somehow expected as it has a wide European distribution and is also present in all neighbouring countries (Lüscher et al. 2016, Nentwig et al. 2019). 
In comparison to commonly used and accessible sampling techniques for spiders inhabiting the soil surface, like pitfall traps and leaf litter sifting, the sampling of soil-dwelling spiders inhabiting cryptic habitats in lower soil horizons are much more demanding and consequently less commonly used. In these techniques, the sampling of the soil by probe is followed by time consuming extraction of animals on Tullgren-Berlese funnels, which commonly require a dedicated extraction room for efficient extraction. To diminish the deficiency in soil-dwelling spiders we recently established a collaboration with the Research Group for Animal Ecology at the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana, led by dr. Ivan Kos. Since the colleagues in the group are focused in other soil invertebrates, mainly centipedes (Chilopoda), they generously donated us the spiders from the already extracted material and provided us with access to their soil sampling probes and extraction equipment. Retrieving Erigone autumnalis, a new species for Slovenian spider fauna, from soil samples, the collaboration has already proved fruitful. Considering the poor sampling of deeper soil horizons for spiders in the past, further additions to the Slovenian spider fauna can be expected from this cryptic, yet faunistically rich habitat in the future. 
Finding Nigma flavescens and Walckenaria alticeps during an intensive short-term (24 hour) survey at BioBlitz 2017 event (Jogan et al. 2018) emphasizes the importance of thorough samplings in our quest to fully describe the Slovenian spider fauna. Additionally, collecting Walckenaria alticeps in leaf litter and the discovery of E. autumnalis in soil samples support the claims of soil environment being one of the last frontiers in biodiversity research (Schmidt & Keith 2010, Menta 2012, Cameron et al. 2019). 
The find of Micaria subopaca in an urban environment is surprising, as Nentwig et al. (2019) note that the species is mostly found on bark of coniferous trees where it preys on ants (Svenja 2015). We thus suspect the animal was accidentally brought to the building of Department of Biology from the field. 
Most of the newly recorded species were expected to be found in Slovenia, as their presence has already been confirmed in the neighbouring countries (Nentwig et al. 2019), whereas Erigone autumnalis has only been confirmed in Spain, France, Switzerland (only in Tessin), Austria, Italy and Georgia. Nentwig et al. (2019) note that E. autumnalis is an alien species originating from North America and has been introduced to Europe on several occasions. Finding multiple animals in soil samples from a relatively small sampling area in Grebenje village suggest that the species has probably been overlooked. 
Apart from being an important faunistic contribution as the second record of the species for the Slovenian fauna, the collection of Zodarion rubidum in the urban environment of the village Predoslje in NW Slovenia itself carries some implications that warrant discussion. The first record of Z. rubidum in Slovenia was recently reported by Kuralt & Kostanjšek (2016) from the Bela krajina region where a single female was collected in an urban environment during night-time sampling. Such isolated localities of the species were previously reported from Poland (Rozwałka & Gosik 2006), where collection site lay more than 400 km from other known localities. Nentwig et al. (2019) report that the species has been showing some spreading tendencies over the last decades, presumably facilitated by human activity (Rozwałka & Gosik 2006 and references therein), which could partially explain recent findings of the species in the country. At the same time, we should bear in mind that Z. rubidum is a nocturnal species (Pekár & Křál 2002), and that it might have been simply overlooked in previous, predominantly daytime sampling routine. 
Survey of spider samplings in Slovenia quickly reveals a considerable bias towards day­time sampling of relatively accessible natural environments and little sampling effort. Considering the facts that (1) the majority of spider species are nocturnal (Foelix 2011), (2) semi-natural and urban habitats often act as surrogate habitats for species that are rarely found in natural environments (Kostanjšek & Celestina 2008, Mammola et al. 2018) and (3) cryptic and hardly accessible habitats provide niches for rarely found species, the future samplings in Slovenia should focus on temporally and spatially more evenly distributed samplings and application of sampling techniques, covering various cryptic or undersampled habitats, to ensure further additions to the Slovenian spider fauna. 

Povzetek 
Prispevek obravnava rezultate nedavnih favnističnih raziskav pajkov v Sloveniji. Predstavljen je seznam 171 vrst pajkov iz 27 družin, zabeleženih v Sloveniji v obdobju od 5. 2. 2016 do 30. 9. 2017. V tem obdobju je potekalo vzorčenje talnih nevretenčarjev v okolici vasi Grebenje, mesečna vzorčenja v Parku Škocjanske jame, vzorčenje v okviru dogodka BioBlitz Slovenija 2017 v Dragi pri Igu ter vzorčenje v okviru Raziskovalnega tabora študentov biologije 2017 v Predosljah pri Kranju. V prostorih Oddelka za biologijo Biotehniške fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani je bila naključno najdena vrsta Micaria subopaca (Gnaphosidae), ki pa je bila najverjetneje tja zanešena s terena. 
Omenjenih 171 vrst iz 27 družin pokriva 23 % znanih vrst ter 63 % znanih družin pajkov vrst v Sloveniji. Med temi je tudi pet vrst, ki so bile v Sloveniji najdene prvič – Erigone autumnalis (Linyphiidae), Pelecopsis parallela (Linyphiidae), Walckenaria alticeps (Linyphiidae), Micaria subopaca (Gnaphosidae) ter Nigma flavescens (Dictynidae). Vrsta Zodarion rubidum (Zodariidae), ki je bil nedavno prvič najdena v jugovzhodnem delu države, je bil ponovno najdena v okolici Kranja. 

Acknowledgements 
We thank Vanja Debevec of Škocjan Caves Park, who enabled and supported the sampling at the Park. The work was supported by the Slovenian Research Agency research program P1-0148. We thank and congratulate the BioBlitz 2017 organising team for a successful event that yielded an impressive number of 1588 (81 spider) species in one day. Ivan Kos, Franc Kljun and Katarina Tušar generously provided spiders from their soil samples. The work carried out by the araneological group at the »29th Biology Summer Research Camp -Predoslje 2017« would not be possible without highly motivated members -Neža Pajek Arambašić, Maja Ferle, Manca Velkavrh, Nina Šramel, Ester Premate and Nina Štrekelj -who worked tirelessly in the field and in the lab. Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to Matej Križnar for proofreading the manuscript, and to three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. 

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