CATALOGUE OF NEOTROPICAL PLECOPTERA
Claudio Gilberte Froehlich
Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo 14040-901 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil E-mail: cgfroeh@usp.br
ABSTRACT
The Catalogue of Neotropical Plecoptera lists 508 valid names, of which 32 are dubious. The history of each name is given. The Neotropical Region comprises six families, of which two are endemic to the southern half. The Diamphipnoidae has 3 genera and 6 species, the Eustheniidae, 2 genera and 2 species, the Austroperlidae, 3 genera and 4 species, the Gripopterygidae, 28 genera and 85 species, the Notonemouridae, 4 genera and 18 species and the Perlidae, 10 genera and 393 species, the majority (332 species) in the genus Anacroneuria.
Keywords: Plecoptera, stoneflies, Catalogue, Neotropical Region
Gripopteryx reticulata Photo: C.G. Froehlich
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
List of taxa, to genus
Catalogue
Family Diamphipnoidae Family Eustheniidae Family Austroperlidae Family Gripopterygidae Family Notonemouridae Family Perlidae
Appendix: Navas secondary citations
References
Taxa index
120 122 123
123
124
124
125 142 144
187
188 197
INTRODUCTION
This catalogue includes the Neotropical stoneflies and the species of Anacroneuria, as well as a fossil nymph from Mexico, southern Nearctic Region.
The first world catalogue of Plecoptera is that of Claassen (1940) that listed 1355 species (Illies 1966). The second is the magnum opus of Illies (1966) that listed 1484 species. A review of the classification, a study of the morphology and a phylogeny of the order, in addition to an update of Illies's catalogue, are presented by Zwick (1973b). The world total was recently estimated at 3497 species (FOCHETTI & Tierno de Figueroa 2008). This catalogue, that covers the literature until 2009, lists 508 valid species, of which 32 are dubious.
For the Neotropical Region, only local lists are available. The exception is Chile, with the articles of Cekalovic (1976) and Vera & Camousseight (2006) that list the species and gives their distribution. The first author adds all localities and their coordinates and altitude, the second, the life stages known and the species occurrences in bordering countries. A catalogue for the largely unknown fauna of Nicaragua is given by MAEs (1988). Here, in addition to taxonomic articles, data of some faunistic/ ecological articles are included,when these extend the distribution of taxa.
A comprehensive book on the Plecoptera of Latin America was published in 2009 (STARK, Froehlich & ZÜNIGA 2009). It presents a general introduction to the order and keys to families in English and spanish and, for each family, chief characteristics, keys to genera in English and spanish and a list of species of each genus.
Names of countries follow the English usage, names of provinces, states, localities are in vernacular. For Chile, the new division into regions is added as Roman numerals in the distribution of species, based in a large part on Vera and CAMOUSSEIGHT (l.c.); the Metropolitan Region is indicated by M. Feet and miles are converted to metric.
The localities of three species of Anacroneuria described by Klapälek (1921, 1922) are given as Chaco, Bolivia, but in consequence of the Chaco War (1932-1935) most of the area was ceded to Paraguay.
For historical interest, a list of Naväs's secondary citations is appended.
The general format for the genera and species is
the following: Genus Xyz Author
Xyz Author year: p., figs. <( ). Species typica: original genus epithet Author [year, if not the same as genus]. • Author < synonym Author year: p., figs. < ( ). Species typica: orig. genus epithet Author [year, if not the same as genus]. • Author year: p. Synonym of Xyz Distribution
epithet {Original genus, if different} Author year: p., figs. < ( ). Holotype, sex: COUNTRY, Province or State, locality [Collector, date]; Museum. Paratypes: < New COUNTRY, Province. • {Genus, if different} Author year: p., figs. < ( ). New COUNTRY, Province. Comments. synonym Author year: p. • Author year: p. Synonym of <
If not specified, the data refers to adults. A list of the collections or museums holding types follows. Most are given by the name of the city where the collection is found, as this gives, in the author's opinion, a more prompt location of the place. A few are given by the name of the collection and a number of acronyms are kept.
AMNH - American Museum of Natural History,
New York, USA. Apollinaris - Collection of Frater Apollinaris. Lost. Barcelona - Museo de Zoolog^a, Barcelona, Spain. Berlin - Museum für Naturkunde des HumboldtUniversität zu Berlin, Germany. Cali - Museo de Entomolog^a, Universidad del Valle,
Cali, Colombia. Carmagnola - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di
Carmagnola, Italy. CAS - California Academy of Sciences, San
Francisco, CA, USA. Carnegie - Carnegie Museum of Natural History,
Pittsburg, PA, uSA. Cordoba - universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Argentina.
Cornell - Insect Collection, Cornell university,
Ithaca, NY, uSA. Cuiaba - Colegao Regional de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, Brazil.
DEI - Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, Germany.
Field - The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA.
Gainesville - Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Geneve - Universite de Geneve, Switzerland.
Genova - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria', Genova, Italy.
Guelph - Insect Collection, Guelph University, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Greifswald - Greifswald Museum, Germany.
Halle - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
Hamburg - Entomologische Sammlung des Zoologisches Staatsinstitut und Zoologisches Museum, Universität Hamburg, Germany.
Helsinki - Natural History Museum, Helsinki, Finland.
Illies - Illies collection, formerly in the Limnological Station at Schlitz, now under care of P. ZWICK, Schlitz, Germany.
INHS - Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
Jewett - JEWETT's collection, Portland, OR, USA; fate unknown.
Klapalek - Klapalek's collection, Prague.
La Plata - Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
Lausanne - Musee de Zoologie, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Leiden - Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, The Netherlands.
London - Natural History Museum, London, UK.
Los Angeles - Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Manaus - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil.
Maracay - Museo del Instituto de Zoolog^a Agricola, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay, Venezuela.
MCZ - Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, MA, USA.
Medell^n - Museo de Entomolog^a "Francisco Luis Gallego", Universidad Nacional, Medell^n, Colombia.
Montevideo - Departmento de Artropodos, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad del Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Navas - Naväs's Collection, Colegio Cristo Rey, Zaragoza. During the Spanish Civil War in part
destroyed, in part lost afterwards by neglect, remnants trasferred to Barcelona. Nebraska - University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA. NMNH - National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA. Ottawa - Canadian National Collection, Ottawa, Canada.
Panama - Museo de Invertebrados de la Universidad de Panama.
Paris - Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
Peabody - Peabody Museum, Yale University. New
Haven, CT, USA. Prague - National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic. Rio de Janeiro - Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Santiago - Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de
Santiago, Chile. Säo Paulo - Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de
Säo Paulo, Säo Paulo, Brazil. Selys - Museum des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique,
Bruxelles, Belgium. Stockholm - Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Torino - Museo di Zoologia, Universita degli Studi
di Torino, Italy. Tucuman - Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina. UM - University of Minnesota, Department of
Entomology,Saint Paul, MN, USA. UNAM - Universidad Nacional Autonoma de
Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. Vienna - Naturhistorische Museum Wien, Austria Warsaw - Polish Academy of Sciences, Zoological
Institute, Warsaw. Zaragoza - Colegio Cristo Rey, Zaragoza, Spain.
ACKNOWLEGMENTS
For help in obtaining old literature, I'm grateful to Dr. Oliver S. Flint (Washington, DC, USA), Dr. Pablo Pessaq (Esquel, Argentina) and Alejandro Vera (Santiago, Chile). To Dr. Peter Zwick, for a first reading and corrections. To CNPq, for a research fellowship during all the years taken in preparing the catalogue. My profound recognition to Drs. Bill P. Stark and Ignac Sivec for important corrections and suggestions.
LIST OF TAXA
Eusthenioidea
Diamphipnoidae
Diamphipnoa, Diamphipnopsis Eustheniidae Eustheniinae
Neuroperlopsis Stenoperlinae
Neuroperla
Gripopterygoidea
Austroperlidae
Andesobius, Klapopteryx, Penturoperla Gripopterygidae Antarctoperlinae
Antarctoperla, Araucanioperla, Ceratoperla, Chilenoperla, Megandiperla, Pehuenioperla, Pelurgoperla, Plegoperla. Dinotoperlinae
Alfonsoperla Gripopteryginae
Andiperla, Andiperlodes, Aubertoperla, Claudioperla,
Falklandoperla, Gripopteryx, Guaranyperla, Limnoperla, Neopentura, Paragripopteryx, Potamoperla, Rhithroperla, Teutoperla, Tupiperla, Uncicauda Leptoperlinae
Notoperla, Senzilloides Zelandoperlinae Notoperlopsis
Nemouroidea
Notonemouridae
Austronemoura, Neofulla, Neonemura, Udamocercia
Perloidea
Perlidae
Acroneuriinae Acroneuriini
Inconeuria, Kempnyella, Klapalekia, Nigroperla, Onychoplax, Pictetoperla. Anacroneuriini
Anacroneuria, Enderleina, Kempnyia, Macrogynoplax.
CATALOGUE
Eusthenioidea
Archiperlaria Illies 1960b: 663 Diamphipnoidae Ricker
Diamphipnoinae Ricker 1950: 197. Diamphipnoidae ILLIES 1960b:680, fig. 11 (distribution map). Key to genera. • ILLIES 1966:9, fig.3 (distribution map). • Zwick 1973b:194. •
Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:59.
Genus Diamphipnoa Gerstaecker
Diamphipnoa Gerstaecker 1873:62, figs. 17-27 (habitus, mouth parts, gill, abdomen). Species typica, monotypy: Diamphipnoa lichenalis. • ŠAmal 1931:267. Revision. • ILLIES 1960b:684. Redefined.
•	Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:60. Distribution: Southern South America.
annulata {Stenoperla} (Brauer 1869):17. Syntypes
CHILE; Hamburg, missing. • {Diamphipnoa} Tillyard 1921: 235, pl.14, fig. 8 (habitus). ?, CHILE: IX: Caut^n; X: Chiloe.^ Šamal 1931:271 figs. 9-13 (^: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; terminalia ventral, dorsal). IX: Caut^n; X: Chiloe.
•	ILLIES 1960b:687, Figs. 12A, 13A, 14, 16 (Nymph, habitus, mouthparts; right wings; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; paraproct; mandibles; $ st8; eggs). VII: Curico; VIII: Nuble; IX: Caut^n; X Llanquihue, Chiloe. Nymphs: XIV: Valdivia; XI Aisen? • ILLIES 1966:10. • Joost 1976:204. "Mittelchile".
lichenalis {Diamphipnoa} Gerstaecker 1873:64, figs. 17-27 (habitus, male and female; mouthparts, abdomen ventral, male and female; gills). Syntypes ?: CHILE: X: Llanquihue, Puerto Montt [Fonck, 1860]; DEI. • Tillyard 1921. Synonym of Diamphipnoa annulata.
colberti Stark 2008:55, figs. 1-6 (habitus; terminalia dorsal, lateral; epiproct dorsal, lateral; paraproct lateral). Holotype, male: CHILE: VII: Maule,
Pullehue, along R^o Curanilahue [SA Marshall, 26/XI/2006]; Guelph (pro tempore)
helgae Illies 1960b:685, figs. 1, 15 (habitus, dorsal, ventral; S terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; paraproct; $ terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: CHILE: IX: Malleco, Curacaut^n, 38°25'S, 521 m [Pena, 19/12/1950]; DEI. Paratypes: 1S, 2$. X: Osorno, Puyehue. ARGENTINA, R^o Negro. Nymphs: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno, Llanquihue. • ILLIES 1966:10.
virescentipennis {Perla} (Blanchard 1851):99. CHILE: [VIII]: San Carlos; lost. •{Diamphipnoa} ŠAmal 1931 (nec Blanchard 1851):268, figs. 1-8 (wings; S: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; $: terminalia ventral; egg). CHILE: IX: Caut^n; XIV: Valdivia. • ŠAmal 1932 (nec Blanchard 1851):59, figs. 1-7 (nymph: head and thorax, mouthparts, terminalia lateral). VII: Maule; XIV: Valdivia. • ILLIES 1960b:689, fig. 17 (M area of forewing; S, terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, epiproct; $ terminalia ventral). Neotype, S: CHILE: VIII: Nuble, Cordillera Chillan, ca. 37°S [Germain, 1899]; DEI. Paraneotypes: 2S, 1$, same data as neotype. • Illies 1966:11.
Genus Diamphipnopsis Illies
Diamphipnopsis Illies 1960b:690, fig. 11 (distribution map). Species typica, original designation:
Diamphipnopsis samali Illies. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:60.
Distribution: Chile; Argentina (Wais & BONETTO 1988:1457).
beschi Illies 1960b:694, fig. 20 (S: mandibles; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, S: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Pillaifa Stream, 39°55'S, 600 m [Besch, 20/I/1958]; Illies. • Illies 1966:11. • stark, 2008:57, figs. 7-8 (female: head and pronotum, terminalia ventral). CHILE: X: Oncol, P. Boniface Way. Putative female.
samali Illies 1960b:692, figs. 2, 18-19 (anatomy of abdomen; right wings; S: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Panguipulli, 39°40'S [A Faz,
22/IV/1928]; DEI. Paraypes: 11^, 12?, VIII: Arauco; IX: Caut^n; XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno. Nymphs: IX: Caut^n, Temuco; XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno, Llanquihue; XII: Magallanes? • Werner
1965:227. X: Chiloe. • Illies 1966:11. • Joost 1976:204. VIII: Arauco; XI: Aisen.
virescentipennis; ŠAmal 1931 (nec Blanchard 1851). Illies 1960b. Synonym of D. samali.
Eustheniidae Tillyard
Eustheniidae Tillyard 1921a:38. • Illies 1960:668. Redefinition. • lLLlEs 1966:4, fig. 2 (distribution map). • Zwick 1973b:193. • Stark, Froehlich & ZUNIGA 2009:63.
Stenoperlinae Tillyard
Stenoperlinae Tillyard 1921b:233. • Illies 1960b:671. Redefinition. • ZWICK 1973b:194. • ZWICK 1979:37. Comments; key to genera.
Genus Neuroperla Illies
Neuroperla Illies 1960b:673. Species typica, monotypy: Stenoperla schedingi NavAs. • Zwick 1979:39. • STARK, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:64. Distribution: Southern South America.
schedingi {Stenoperla} (NavAs 1929d):327, fig. 73 (head and pronotum, terminalia ventral and lateral, anal area of forewing). Holotype, CHILE, XIV: Valdivia, Corral [C SCHENDING (sic), 17/01/1907]; Hamburg. • Aubert 1956b:437. Type lost. • {Neuroperla} Illies 1960b:673, figs. 3B, 5A, 6A, 7, 8 (head ventral; right wings; nymph, habitus; habitus dorsal, ventral; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; st7-8; eggs). Neotype, CHILE: X: Osorno, small stream E Lago Puyehue (40°40'S), 800 m [Illies, 24/XII/1957]; DEI. Nymphs: IX: Caut^n; XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno, Llanquihue. • Weidner 1962:108. Type destroyed in World War II. • Illies 1966:4. • Joost 1976: 204. XI: Aisen. • schedingi? Wais 1986:39, figs. 1-3 (nymph: habitus, dorsal, ventral; gill). ARGENTINA: Neuquen.
Eustheniinae Tillyard
Eustheniinae Tillyard 1921b:226. • Illies 1960b:675. • Zwick 1979:20. Comments. Key to genera.
Genus Neuroperlopsis Illies
Neuroperlopsis Illies 1960b:677. Species typica, monotypy: Neuroperlopsis patris Illies. • Zwick 1979:20. • STARK, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:65. Distribution: Chile.
patris Illies 1960b:678, figs. 5B, 6B, 9-10 (right wings nymph, habitus; habitus dorsal, ventral terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; paraproct; $ st7-8). Holotype, CHILE: X: Osorno, small stream E Lago Puyehue ca. 1000 m a.s.l., 40°40'S [lLLlEs, 24/Xll/1957]; DEl, but see below. Paratypes: 2^, 1?, VIII: Nuble. • Werner 1965:227. VII: Curico. • Illies 1966:8. • Joost 1976:204. IX: Caut^n. • Sartori, Membiela, Ravizza, SAnches-Ortega & Zwick 1990:168. Holotype in Lausanne.
Gripopterygoidea Leptoperloidea Tillyard 1926:117 Austroperlidae Tillyard
Austroperlidae Tillyard 1921:35. • Illies 1966:12, fig 4 (distribution map). • ZWICK 1973b:194, fig.63 (distribution map). • McLellan 2001b:233, 238, fig. 30 (distribution map). Diagnosis, comments, keys. • STARK, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:51. Comments, keys. Penturoperlidae Illies 1960c:27. • Illies 1969. Synonym of Austroperlidae.
Genus Andesobius McLellan
Andesobius McLellan 2001b:242. Species typica, monotypy: Klapopteryx barilochensis Illies. • STARK, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:53. Distribution: Southern South America.
barilochensis {Klapopteryx} Illies 1960c:33, figs 1-5 (nymph: habitus, terminalia lateral, ventral; terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; right forewing, terminalia ventral, posterior). Holotype, ARGENTINA: R^o Negro, Nireco, 800 m [J ILLIES, 05/XII/1957]; Illies. Paratypes: 2?. Nymphs: R^o Negro; CHILE: IX: Caut^n; X: Osorno, Llanquihue. • ILLIES 1966:14. • {Andesobius} McLellan 2001b:244, figs. 15-22 (nymph: head; adult: head, pronotum, forewing;
genitalia lateral, dorsal, epiproct; ?: terminalia ventral). ARGENTINA: Neuquen, Chubut, R^o Negro; CHILE: X (Los Lagos).
Genus Klapopteryx Naväs
Klapopteryx Naväs 1928:122. Species typica, monotypy: Klapopteryx armillata Naväs. • Illies 1960c:33, fig. 6a-c (mouthparts), 7 (distribution). • ILLIES 1964:56. Key for ?. • ILLIES 1966:13. • ILLIES 1969:40. Redefined. • ZWICK 1973b:196. • McLellan 2001b:239. Diagnosis. • Stark, Froehlich & ZUNIGA 2009:55. Distribution: Southern South America.
R^o Negro (3^, 6$; iLLlES's designation as paratypes is invalid). • ILLIES 1966:14. • McLellan 2001b:241, figs. 9-14 (^: genitalia lateral, dorsal, paraproct; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: hind leg). • MISERENDINO & PIZZOLON 2000:75. ARGENTINA: Chubut.
sp. D McLellan 2001b:250. ARGENTINA: Neuquen,
Lago Rucachoroi, W Alumine [CM & OS Flint, 1-2/III/1972]; NMNH. One nymph.
sp. E McLellan 2001b: 250. CHILE: X: Osorno, Pucatrihue, at Puente Hermoso [PJ Spangler, 29/I/1978]; NMNH. Three nymphs.
Genus Penturoperla Illies
Penturoperla Illies 1960c:38. Species typica, monotypy: Penturoperla barbata Illies. • Illies 1966:15. • ILLIES 1969:39. Redefined. • Zwick 1973b:197. • McLellan 2001b:245. Diagnosis. • STARK, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:57. Distribution: Southern South America, from ca. 35° to 46°S.
armillata NaväS 1928:123, fig. 22 (forewing, part of hindwing). Holotype, ?: CHILE: [XIV: Valdivia], Panguipulli [Faz, 17/XI/1924]; DEI. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type in Berlin. • ILLIES 1960c:37, fig. 6f (? st8). VII: Linares; XIV: Valdivia. • ILLIES 1966:14. • PETERSEN & Gaedike 1968:964. Type in bad condition. • McLellan 2001b:239, figs. 1-8 (forewing; genitalia lateral, dorsal, epiproct, penis ventral; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus).
costalis ILLIES 1960c:37, fig. 6g (?, st8). Holotype, ?: CHILE: VIII: Arauco, Caramavida, Nahuelbuta, ca. 38°S, 750m [L. Pena, 25/XII/1953]; Illies. • ILLIES 1966:14. • McLellan 2001b:239. Synonym of
Klapopteryx armillata.
kuscheli Illies 1960c:35, fig. 6d-e (tarsus, ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XI: Aisen, R^o Murta, tributary of Lago Buenos Aires, 46°28'S, 72°40'W, ca. 300 m [KUSCHEL, 26/I/1956]; Illies. Paratypes: 1?. Nymphs: XII: Ültima Esperanza. • Illies 1964c:53, figs. 3-4 (^: habitus; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral). ARGENTINA:
barbata Illies 1960c:39, figs. 8-10 (right forewings; nymph: habitus, mouthparts, abdomen tip ventral; terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: terminalia ventral, posterior; hind leg). Holotype, CHILE: VII: Curico, El Coigual, 35°S [L Pena, IV/1955]; Illies. Paratypes: 4^, 5?, Curico; VIII: Nuble, Arauco; IX: Caut^n; XIV: Valdivia; XI: Aisen. ARGENTINA: R^o Negro. Nymphs: IX: Caut^n; XIV: Valdivia; X: Llanquihue. • WERNER 1965:227. XI: Aisen. • ILLIES 1966:15. • Joost 1976:204. IX: Caut^n. • McLellan 2001b:247, figs. 23-29 (wings; genitalia dorsal, epiproct, paraproct; ? : terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus). ARGENTINA: Neuquen; CHILE: IX (La Araucan^a); X (Los Lagos).
Gripopterygidae Enderlein
Gripopterygidae Enderlein 1909b:392 (key to subfamilies and genera). • Froehlich 1960:3. Comments. • ILLIES 1963:148, fig. 1 (Distribution map). Redefinition. Key to subfamilies. • ILLIES
1966:28, fig.7 (distribution map). • Froehlich 1969:17. Comments. • Zwick 1973b:198, fig. 64 (distribution map). • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:68.
Andiperlinae Aubert 1956a:230. • ILLIES 1960d:164, fig. 4 (distribution map). • ILLIES 1964a:47. Megandiperla Illies is an Antarctoperlinae, Andiperla Aubert and Andiperlodes Illies are Paragripopteryginae.
Gripopterygidae, nymph: Claudioperla? Barreto-Vargas, G.; Reinoso-Florez, G.; Guevara-Cardona, G.; Villa-Navarro, F.A. 2005. COLOMBIA: Tolima.
Antarctoperlinae Enderlein
Antarctoperlinae Enderlein 1909b:392. • Illies 1963:208. Redefined. Key to genera. • Illies 1966:48. • ZwiCK 1973b:210.
Andiperlinae Aubert 1956a (partim): Megandiperla Illies.
Genus Antarctoperla Enderlein
Antarctoperla Enderlein 1905:810. Species typica, original designation: Antarctoperla anderssoni Enderlein. • Enderlein 1909b:416. • Enderlein 1909c:683. • Enderlein 1912:121. • Illies 1963:210, fig 34 (distribution map). Redefined. Key to species. • Illies 1966:48. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:80. Distribution: Southern South America.
altera Zwick 1973a:475, fig. 2 (?, st8-9). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XII: Magallanes, Isla Wellington, Puerto Eden, 300-800 m. [Holdgate, 02/XII/1958]; Illies. Paratype: 1^. • McLellan & ZwiCK 2007:37, figs. 50-52 (nymph: habitus; segment 7, cross section; t10 and cercus, dorsal).
anderssoni; Illies 1963, partim (nec Enderlein 1905):211, figs. 33b-e (^: terminalia dorsal, lateral, detail of paraproct; terminalia ventral). CHILE: XII: Magallanes, Isla Wellington, Puerto Eden.
anderssoni Enderlein 1905:811, figs. 1, 3 (wings, cercus). Holotype, ?: [ARGENTINA, Tierra del Fuego], Ushuaia [Andersson, III/1902];
Stockholm. • Enderlein 1909b:416. • Enderlein 1912:121, figs. 29-30 (wings, cercus), Tab. 4, fig. 41 (wings). • Froehlich 1960:13, Fig. 7 ($ terminalia ventral). • Illies 1963:212, figs. 32-33a-d (nymph: habitus; mandible and maxilla; terminalia ventral; forewing; terminalia dorsal and lateral, detail of paraproct; terminalia ventral). CHILE: XII: Magallanes. • Illies 1964a:46, fig. 5f (^ terminalia lateral). • Illies 1966:48. • Joost 1976:205. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia. • ZWICK 1973a:473. Synonym of A. michaelseni.
michaelseni {Gripopteryx} Klapälek 1904:12, figs. 910 (wings, terminalia lateral, dorsal). Holotype, Tierra del Fuego, Lago de Jacinta, wood [Michaelsen, 27/X/1892]; Hamburg. • {Antarctoperla} Enderlein 1905:814. • Enderlein 1909b:416. • Enderlein 1909c:683. • Froehlich 1960. (partim, ? nec Klapälek 1904):14, fig. 8 (^: terminalia lateral, dorsal,ventral, detail; terminalia ventral). CHILE: VIII: Nuble; IX: Angol, Caut^n, Malleco; X: Llanquihue, Osorno; XIV: Valdivia. Female probably a Chilenoperla species, fide Zwick 1973a. • {Gripopteryx} Weidner 1962:108. Holotype in Hamburg. • Illies 1963:213, fig. 35 (wings; paraproct, hind tarsus; ?: subgenital plate). CHILE, ARGENTINA, from 33° to 51°S. • Werner 1965:231, from VII to XII. • illies 1966:49. • Joost 1976: 205. VII: Cauquenes, Linares; XI: Aisen. • ZwiCK 1972b:99. CHILE: X: Llanquihue, Chiloe. • ZwiCK 1973a:473, fig. 1 (?: st8-9). • Joost 1976:205. • Vera 2007:21, fig. 4a (nymphal tarsi).
anderssoni Enderlein 1905:811. • ZwiCK 1973a:473. Synonym of A. michaelseni.
ruizi {Gripopteryx} (Naväs 1928):120. Holotype: CHILE: [IX: Malleco], Lonquimay; Navas, lost. Paratypes: IX: Malleco, Caut^n, Victoria. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type not located. • Illies 1963. Synonym of Antarctoperla michaelseni.
Genus Araucanioperla Illies
Araucanioperla Illies 1963:231. Species typica, original designation: Antarctoperla brincki Froehlich. Key to species. • Illies 1966:49. • ZwiCK 1973b:211. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:80.
Distribution: Southern South America.
brincki {Antarctoperla} Froehlich 1960:16, fig. 9 (wings; terminalia lateral, ventral, dorsal; terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: CHILE: X: Osorno, Puyehue. (40°40'S) [RoSS & Michelbacher, 26/I/1951]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratype: 1S. • {Araucanioperla} Illies 1963:232, fig. 45 (wings, pronotum S and $). X: Llanquihue, Chiloe. • Werner 1965:231. XI: Aisen. • Illies 1966:49. • Zwick 1973b:211. • Joost 1976:206. VIII: Arauco.
bullocki {Grypopterix (sic)} (Naväs 1933):231, fig. 48 (pronotum, forewing). Holotype: CHILE: [IX: Malleco] Angol [37°45'S] [Bullock, 07/IX/1931]; Barcelona. • Aubert 1957:58. Holotype in Barcelona. • {Araucanioperla}ILLIES 1963:233, fig. 46 ($: wings, head and pronotum, terminalia ventral). CHILE: X: Llanquihue. ARGENTINA: Chubut. • ILLIES 1966:49. • Vera 2007:16, figs, 1-9 (Nymph: habitus; mouthparts; tarsi I, II, III; S and 5 terminalia lateral; detail of segment 7, shape variation of pronotum and paraproct. Fig. 4a: Antactoperla michaelseni: tarsi). CHILE: VII (Maule). Description of nymph.
Araucanioperla (?), larval type C Zwick 1972b:97, fig. 2 (nymph: habitus, terminalia ventral). CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Cordillera Pelada [F. REISS, 16/XI/1969]. • Vera 2007:21. The nymph is not Araucanioperla.
Araucanioperla sp.? wAIS 1983:97, fig. 1 (nymph: habitus dorsal, ventral, lateral, terminalia lateral). ARGENTINA: R^o Negro, Arroyo Los Cesares, 41°26'S, 71°40'W [IR Wais, 31/V/1983], 3 nymphs. Similis larval type A Illies 1963 (=Neopentura semifusca Illies, fide Vera 2006b).
Genus Ceratoperla Illies
Ceratoperla Illies 1963:216. Species typica, monotypy: Notoperla fazi Naväs. Key to species. • ILLIES 1966:50. • ZwiCK 1973b:211. Nelson 1973:315. Key to species, phylogenetic relationships among species. • Stark, Froehlich
& ZUNIGA 2009:81.
Distribution: Southern South America.
fazi {Notoperla} (Naväs 1934b):162, fig. 37 (forewing). Holotype, ?: CHILE: [IX: Caut^n], Temuco [Faz, I/1928]; DEI. • AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in Berlin. • {Ceratoperla} Illies 1963:218, figs. 36, 37 (nymph: habitus, mandible and maxilla; terminalia ventral. Wings. S terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; 5 terminalia ventral). CHILE, 38° to 41°S. • ILLIES 1966:50. CHILE, ARGENTINA. • PETERSEN & Gaedike 1968:965. Holotype in DEI, in bad condition. • ZwiCK 1973b:211. • McLellan & ZwiCK 2007:40, fig.70 (lacinia).
schwabei Illies 1963:220, fig. 38 (S: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, detail; 5: terminalia ventral, dorsal). Holotype, S: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, R^o Rahue, ca. Lago Rupanco (40°45'S) [HG SCHWABE & J ILLIES; 31/X/1957]; Illies. Paratypes: 2S, 15, 1 exuviae. • ILLIES 1966:50. • McLellan & ZwiCK 2007:35, figs. 43-47 (nymph, first instar, habitus, antenna, segments 9-10, pilosity; slightly larger specimen, habitus). IX: Malleco.
Genus Chilenoperla Illies
Chilenoperla Illies 1963:221. Species typica, original designation: Chilenoperla semitincta Illies. Key to species. • Illies 1966:50. • ZwiCK 1973b:211. • VERA 2008:155. Nymph of Ch. elongata very similar to that described as nymph of Pelurgoperla by ILLIES 1963, but Illies's species and genus confirmed by exuviae and a partially emerged adult male. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:82.
Distribution: Southern South America.
beschi ILLIES 1963:225, fig. 41 (S terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, epiproct; 5 terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Niebla, 39°45'S [W Besch, 06/IX/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 3S, 35, Valdivia; VII: Linares. • Werner 1965:231. VII: Linares; IX: Malleco. • ILLIES 1966:50. • Nelson 1973:318, figs. 6-10 (holotype terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; epiproct lateral, dorsal).
elongata Vera 2008:145, figs.1-6 (wings, apex of sings of second specimen, head and pronotum; male: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, paraproct and cercus, epiproct dorsal, lateral; female: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, praproct and cercus, variations of paraprocts; nymph: habitus, habitat, exuviae, setae of antenna, posterior margin of tergum 7, tarsi, mandible, labium, maxilla, lacinia medial, ventral), table 1 (measurements). Holotype, CHILE: VII, Vilches Alto (35°36'18"S, 71°03'44"W) [A Vera, 06-08/XII/2002]; Santiago. Allotype, ?, same data as holotype. Paratypes: 11^, 15$.
illiesi Nelson 1973:318, figs. 11-17 (wings, terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; epiproct lateral, dorsal; terminalia, ventral). Holotype, ARGENTINA, R^o Negro, Bariloche [R & E SHANNON, 11/1926]. NMNH. Paratypes: 2^, 2$: CHILE: VII: Linares, Fundo Malcho, Cordillera Parral.
beschi Illies 1963, partim, Fide Nelson 1973.
puerilis Illies 1963:226, figs. 39 [handwritten correction by ILLIES, stating that the nymph belongs to Ch. puerilis] (nymph: habitus, mandible, maxilla, terminalia ventral), 42 (^: terminalia lateral, epiproct). Holotype, mature ^ nymph, adult terminalia extracted: CHILE: X: Llanquihue, Peulla, stream near Laguna Margarita (41°05'S) [Brundin, 18/I/1954]; Illies. Paratypes: 10 nymphs. • ILLIES 1966:51. • Nelson 1973:321, figs. 18-22 (Holotype, terminalia dorsal, lateral, ventral; epiproct lateral, dorsal). • Miserendino & PIZZOLON 2000:64. ARGENTINA: Chubut
semitincta Illies 1963:223, fig. 40 (wings; hind leg; terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, epiproct; $ terminalia ventral). Holotype, CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Niebla, at sea level, 39°45'S [Illies, 12/X/1957]; Illies. Paratypes: 2$, X: Lanquihue. • ILLIES 1966:51. • Nelson 1973:316, figs. 1-5 (holotype S, terminalia dorsal, ventral and lateral; epiproct, lateral and dorsal). • Zwick 1972b:99. X: Chiloe. • ZwiCK 1973b:211. • Miserendino 2006:269. ARGENTINA: Chubut.
spec. Zwick 1972b: 99. Two small nymphs. CHILE: X: Monte Tronador, 1700 m [REISS].
Genus Megandiperla Illies
Megandiperla Illies 1960d:161. Species typica, monotypy: Megandiperla kuscheli Illies. In Andiperlinae. • ILLIES 1963:241, fig. 50b (maxilla), 51 (distribution map). • ILLIES 1964a:38, fig. 1C ($, habitus), 46, fig. 5e (S, terminalia lateral). In Antarctoperlinae. • ILLIES 1966:51. • ZwiCK 1973b:212. • Lanfranco 1982:208, fig. 1 (distribution). • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:89.
Distribution: Southern Chile.
kuscheli Illies 1960d:162, figs. 1-4 (S: habitus; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; $ : terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, terminalia dorsal, ventral; mouthparts). Holotype, S: CHILE: XII: Magallanes, Monte Jervis (49°10'S), 1000 m [G Kuschel, 20/XII/1958]; Santiago. Paratypes: 1S, 3 $. Additional material: 1 $ plus a number of lost adults and nymphs, XII: Peninsula Munoz Gamero. • Illies 1964a:47, fig. 5e (S terminalia lateral). • Illies 1966:51. • ZwiCK 1973b:212.
Genus Pehuenioperla Vera
Pehuenioperla Vera 2009:318. Species monotypy: Pehuenioperla llaima Vera. Distribution: Southern South America.
typica,
llaima VERA 2009:319, figs. 1-21 (male: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, posterior, epiproct, cercus and paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; female: head and pronotum, head and thorax lateral, tarsus, wings, terminalia ventral, lateral; nymph: habitus, head and pronotum, tarsi, mandible, lacinia and galea ventral and internal, apex of lacinia, labium and maxillae ventral, male and female terminalia lateral, female terminalia dorsal). Holotype, $: CHILE: IX: Parque Nacional Conguillio, Estero Conguillio, 38°25'S [A Vera, 20/IX/2008]; Santiago. Allotype, S: same data as holotype but 12/IX/2009. Paratypes: 1$ stuck in exuviae; 2S, 2$ exuviae.
Genus Pelurgoperla Illies
Pelurgoperla Illies 1963:227. Species typica, monotypy: Pelurgoperla personata Illies. • Illies 1966:51. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:91. Distribution: Southern South America.
personata Illies 1963:229, figs. 43-44(nymph: habitus, mouthparts, terminalia ventral; wings; terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; epiproct; hind tarsus; $ terminalia ventral). Holotype, CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Pellaifa, Rio Llancahue (39°35'S) [ILLIES, 11/II/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 3^, 3$, 38 nymphs: (38°-45°S). CHILE: IX: Malleco; X: Llanquihue, Osorno; XIV: Valdivia; XI: Aisen. ARGENTINA: R^o Negro, 38°-45°S. • WERNER 1965:231. IX: Malleco. • ILLIES 1966:51.
Llanquihue (41°S). • Wais 1983:9. ARGENTINA: R^o Negro. • Vera 2006b:70. Nymph of
Neopentura semifusca Illies.
Antarctoperlinae (Araucanioperla?) larval type B ILLIES 1963:236-238, fig. 48 (nymph: habitus dorsal, lateral; mandible; maxilla; terminalia ventral); Illies. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, (39°35'S); X: Llanquihue, (41°20'S). • Vera 2007:21. The nymph is not Araucanioperla.
Antarctoperlinae Species B MCLELLAN, WAIS, CABo 1990:180, figs. 6-11 (habitus, maxilla, mandible, terminalia ventral, paraproct, body ventral pattern). Nymph: Malvinas/Falkland Islands, East Falkland/ Soledad, Malo River (ca. 51°40'S, 58°30'W) [S COSCARON, 06/12/1974]; NMNH.
Genus Plegoperla Illies
Plegoperla Illies 1963:238. Species typica, monotypy: Antarctoperla punctata Froehlich. • Illies 1966:52.
•	Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:92. Distribution: Chile.
borggreenae Illies 1965:153, fig. 2 (borggreenae $, pronotum, terminalia ventral; punctata $, pronotum, terminalia ventral). Holotype, CHILE: VIII: Arauco, Pichinahual, Sierra de Nahuelbuta (37°47'S), 1200-1400 m [Pena, 23-31/I/1954]; Illies. Paratypes, 1^, 2$. • ILLIES 1966:52.
punctata {Antarctoperla} (Froehlich 1960):17, fig. 10 (^: antenna; pronotum; wings; terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, CHILE: IX: Angol, Sierra de Nahuelbuta, W Angol, 1200 m [Ross & MICHELBACHER]; CAS. • {Plegoperla} ILLIES 1963:239, fig.49 (^: wings, head, pronotum, foreleg; terminalia dorsal, epiproct). VIII: Arauco.
•	ILLIES 1965:153. P. punctata; ILLIES 1963 (nec Froehlich 1960)=P. borggreenae Illies. • Werner 1965:231, VIII: Biob^o. • ILLIES 1966:52.
Antarctoperlinae (Araucanioperla?) larval type A ILLIES 1963:235, fig. 46 (nymph: habitus dorsal, lateral; mandible; maxilla; terminalia ventral); Illies. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia (39°-40°S); X:
Antarctoperlinae gen. sp. I MCLELLAN & ZWICK
2007:27, figs. 18-23 (nymph: habitus, mandible, maxilla, tarsus, tergal hair fringe, abdominal tip ventral). Five nymphs, CHILE: IX: Malleco; X: Osorno, Llanquihue.
Antarctoperlinae gen. sp. II MCLELLAN & ZWICK
2007:29, figs. 24-29 (nymph: habitus, pronotal lateral margin, hypopharynx, pilosity of abdominal tergite, abdominal tip lateral). Sixty-three nymphs, ARGENTINA: Neuquen; CHILE: IX: Malleco.
Antarctoperlinae gen. sp. III MCLELLAN & ZWICK
2007:31, figs. 30-35 (nymph: habitus, labial segment, left maxilla, pilosity of abdominal tergite, abdominal tip ventral). Three nymphs, CHILE: XII: Magallanes.
Antarctoperlinae gen. sp. IV MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:34, figs. 36-42 (nymph: habitus, fore body lateral, st5 with setation and chloride cells, fore body of penultimate and antepenultimate instars). Three nymphs, CHILE: VII: Linares.
Dinotoperlinae McLellan
Dinotoperlinae MCLELLAN 1977:121.
Genus Alfonsoperla McLellan & Zwick
Alfonsoperla McLellan & Zwick 2007:22. Species typica, monotypy: Alfonsoperla flinti McLellan & Zwick. Type locality: CHILE: VIII (Biob^o). • stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:79. Distribution: chile.
flinti McLellan & Zwick 2007:22, figs.6-17, 71 (wings; terminalia lateral, dorsal, oblique with everted penis; terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, head and pronotum lateral, head frontal, hind tarsus, labium, maxilla, mandible, lacinia). Holotype, CHILE: VIII: Arauco, San Alfonso above Caramavida [OS Flint, G Barri'a, 16-17/X/1969]; NMNH. Larventyp X (Teutoperla?) ILLIES 1963 belongs here.
Gripopteryginae Enderlein
Gripopteryginae Enderlein 1909b:392. • ILLIES 1963:151. Redefinition. • ILLIES 1966:29. • McLellan 1977:121. Redefinition.
Andiperlinae Aubert 1956a (partim): Andiperla, Andiperlodes. • Illies 1960d:165, fig. 4 (distribution map).
Paragripopteryginae ILLIES 1963:176, fig. 15 (distribution of 3 genera). Key to genera. • Zwick 1973b:208. • McLellan 1977:120. Included in Gripopteryginae.
Genus Andiperla Aubert
Andiperla Aubert 1956a:229. Species typica, monotypy: Andiperla willinki AuBERT. Type locality: ARGENTINA. In Andiperlinae. • ILLIES 1963:241, fig. 51 (distribution map). • ILLIES 1964a:45, fig. 5a (S terminalia lateral). In Paragripopteryginae. • ILLIES 1966:40. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:79. Distribution: Southern South America.
willinki Aubert 1956a:229, figs. 1-5 (?, habitus; S, terminalia lateral, dorsal; $ terminalia ventral; nymph, terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: ARGENTINA: Santa Cruz, Glaciar Upsala ca. Lago Argentino, ca. 1000 m [A WILLINK, 18/III/1953]; Lausanne. Paratypes: 1S, 5$, 1
nymph. • ILLIES 1963:241, fig. 5a (maxilla). • ILLIES 1964a:38, fig. 1A ($, habitus), 46, fig. 5a (S, terminalia lateral). • Illies 1966:40. • Lanfranco 1982:208, fig. 1 (distribution). ARGENTINA, CHILE, from ca. 48° to ca. 51°30'S • Sartori, Membiela, Ravizza, SAnches-Ortega & Zwick 1990:169. Holotype in Lausanne.
Genus Andiperlodes Illies
Andiperlodes Illies 1963:241, fig. 51 (distribution map). Species typica, monotypy: Andiperlodes holdgatei. In Andiperlinae. • Illies 1964a:47. ). In Paragripopteryginae. • ILLIES 1966:40. • Stark, froehlich & zuniga 2009:80. Distribution: chile.
holdgatei Illies 1963:243, fig.50c-e ($: maxilla, habitus, terminalia ventral). Holotype, $: CHILE: XII: Magallanes, Peninsula Munoz Gamero (52°25'S) [MW Holdgate, 27/XII/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 9$. • ILLIES 1964a:38, fig. 1D ($, habitus), 46, fig 5e (S, terminalia lateral). • Illies 1966:41. • lanfranco 1982:208, fig. 1 (distribution).
tehuelche Pessacq, 2009:51, figs.1-4 (male: terminalia dorsal and lateral; female: head and thorax, left maxilla, terminalia ventral, tergum 10). Holotype, S: ARGENTINA: Santa Cruz, Estancia La Angostura, nameless stream at side of state route 29, 48°37'44"S, 70°37'05"W, 580 m [J MUZON, 20/02/2009]; La Plata. Allotype, $; paratypes, 10 nymphs.
Genus Aubertoperla Illies
Aubertoperla Illies 1963:187. Species typica, original designation: Gripopteryx illiesi Froehlich. Key to species. In Paragripopteryginae. • ILLIES 1966:41. • McLellan 1977:121. Gripopteryginae. • Stark, froehlich & zuniga 2009:81. Distribution: Southern South America.
illiesi {Gripopteryx} (Froehlich 1960):11, fig. 6 (wings; S terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; $ terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: CHILE: IX: Angol, Sierra de Nahelbuta [Ross & Michelbacher, 03/I/1951]; CAS. Allotype, $:
same data as holotype. Paratypes: 3$. • {Aubertoperla} Illies 1963:188, figs. 20-21a-c (nymph: habitus; terminalia ventral; maxilla and mandible. Wings. S: terminalia ventral, lateral). CHILE, ARGENTINA, between 35° and 45°S. • Werner 1965:230. [South to 41°S]. VII: Curico; VIII: Nuble, Arauco; IX: Malleco, Caut^n; X: Osorno; XI: Aisen. • Illies 1966:41. • McLellan & ZWICK 2007:40, fig. 67 (lacinia).
kuscheli Illies 1963:190, fig. 21d-h (apical half of forewing; S: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, lateral without cercus and paraproct). Holotype, S: CHILE: XI: Aisen, R^o Murta, at mouth into Lago Buenos Aires [Kuschel, 26/01/1956]; Illies. Paratypes: 2S, 2$, 2 nymphs. XI: Aisen; XII: Magallanes. • Werner 1965:230. VIII: Arauco. • Illies 1966:41.
Genus Claudioperla Illies
Claudioperla Illies 1963:197. Species typica, monotypy: Gripopteryx tigrina KlapAlek. In Paragripopteryginae. • Illies 1966:41. • McLellan 1977:121. Gripopteryginae. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:82. Distribution: Along the Andes from Colombia to Chile.
tigrina {Gripopteryx} (KlapAlek 1904):11, figs. 7-8 (wings, terminalia lateral, ventral and dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Callonga [Lima, Callanga] [Staudinger]; ? • Enderlein 1909b (not KlapAlek 1904, fide Froehlich 1960):415. Cusco. • {Claudioperla} Illies 1963:198, figs. 25, 26 (nymph: habitus, mandible and maxilla, terminalia ventral; wings). PERU: Puno, Lima; BOLIVIA, La Paz ; CHILE: II: Antofagasta. • Werner 1965:230. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia (39°35'S). • Illies 1966:41. • Turcotte & Harper 1982:413. ECUADOR: Azuay. • McLellan & ZWICK 2007:39, figs. 55-57 (nymph: t8, pilosity, chloride cell).
enderleini {Gripopteryx} Froehlich 1960:4, fig.1 (wings, S terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; $ terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: PERU: [Puno,] 60 km N Puno [Ross & Michelbacher, 28/II/1951]; CAS. Allotype, $: same data as
holotype. Paratypes: 21S, 5$, Puno, Cusco. • Illies 1963:198. Synonym of C. tigrina
sp. Züniga, Dias, Martinez, Zabala & Bacaa 2009:743. COLOMBIA: Narino, Municipio de Cumbal, Rio Blanco, 3050 m, 00° 53' 47" N, 77° 48' 23" W, 15/02/2008, 10S, 15$, 12 nymphs.
Genus Falklandoperla McLellan
Falklandoperla McLellan 2001a:155. Species typica, monotypy: Falklandoperla kelper McLellan. • STARK, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:85. Distribution: Falkland (Malvinas) lslands.
kelper McLellan 2001a:156, figs 1-7 ($: habitus, hind tarsus, terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, terminalia ventral, mandible, maxilla).Holotype, $: East Falkland, banks of first stream E of minefield 57 [RM Allibone, WL Chadderton, RM McDowall, 07/XI/1999]; London. Paratypes: 5$, 14 nymphs, East and West Falkland.
sp. A, Gripopteryginae, McLellan Wais & Cabo 1990.
Genus Gripopteryx (Pictet)
Capnia (Gripopteryx) Pictet 1841:327. Species typica, by precedence: Capnia cancellata Pictet 1841. • {Gripopteryx} KlapAlek 1904:6. Comments; key to species • Jewett 1960b:167. Key to species. • Illies 1963:152, fig. 2 (nymph: habitus dorsal, lateral; terminalia ventral; mandible, maxilla). Redefinition. Key to species. • Illies 1966:29. • Froehlich 1969:18. • Zwick 1973b:199. • STARK, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:85.
Gripoptera ŠAmal 1921:110. Species typica, monotypy: Gripoptera brasiliensis ŠAmal. • NavAs 1921:263. Translation of ŠAmal 1921 into Latin. • Jewett 1959a:149. Synonym of Gripopteryx. Distribution: Central and southern Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, northeastern Argentina.
brasiliensis {Gripoptera} (ŠAmal 1921):110, figs. 2-5 (head, pronotum, terminalia dorsal and ventral). Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Blumenau [Hetschku]; Kempny, missing. • NavAs 1921:264. Translation of ŠAMAL 1921 into Latin. •
{Gripopteryx} Jewett 1959a:149, figs. 1, 1A, 1 B (wings, ? terminalia ventral and lateral). Santa Catarina. Jewett's male allotype is invalid. • Jewett 1960b:168. Synonym of G. cancellata. • ILLIES 1963:155. Synonym of G. cancellata. • Froehlich 1969:18. Species propria. • Zwick 1972a:1131. Possible synonyms of G. brasiliensis sensu Jewett 1959a:G. zurbitui Naväs 1927, G. serrei Naväs 1930c and G. pardina Naväs 1936. • Zwick 1973b:199.
zurbitui NaväS 1927:68. • ILLIES 1963:155. Synonym of Gripopteryx cancellata. • Zwick 1972a:1131. Possible synonym of G. brasiliensis sensu Jewett 1959a. • Zwick 1973b:199.
cancellata {Capnia (Gripopteryx)} (Pictet 1841):328, pl. 41 (^: habitus, wings closed; habitus, wings expanded; head and pronotum; terminalia dorsal and ventral, paraproct). Holotype, BRAZIL; Geneve. • {Gripopteryx} Klapälek 1904 (nec PiCTET 1841, fide Enderlein 1909c):8, figs. 4-5 (male terminalia lateral, dorsal). • {Gripopteryx} Jewett 1960b:168. Santa Catarina, Rio de Janeiro. • ILLIES 1963:155. • ILLIES 1966:29. • ZwiCK 1972a:1129, fig. 1 (^ holotype: terminalia lateral, ventral, dorsal; paraproct). • ZwiCK 1973b:199. • Froehlich 1990:236, figs. 1-8 (?: terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal; nymph, head and pronotum; thorax dorsal, abdomen lateral; terminalia oblique and dorsal; nymph, ? , terminalia ventral). Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo. • Froehlich 1993:21. Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul.
coruja Froehlich 1993:25, figs. 3-9 (^: terminalia ventral, lateral; epiproct; ? : terminalia ventral; paraprocts; nymph: thorax and abdomen lateral; terminalia lateral). Holotype, BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Salesopolis, Estagao Biologica de Boraceia [Froehlich, 11/XI/1990]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 4^, 4?, 5^ + exuviae, 1 ? + exuviae, 54 nymphs, 4 final nymphal exuviae.
elisae Illies 1964c: 49, figs 1-2 (^, right forewing, terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral. Nymph: habitus, mouthparts, contour of dorsum, terminalia ventral). Holotype, BRAZIL: Rio
Grande do Sul, Bom Jesus (28°40'S, 50°23'W), 1100 m [E Fittkau, 24/X/1961]; Illies. • Illies 1966:30. • Froehlich 1969:19.
flinti Froehlich 1993:36, figs. 32-34 (^: terminalia dorsal, ventrolateral; epiproct). Holotype, BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Nova Friburgo, Parque Municipal [OS Flint, C Flint, SA Vanin, 20/IV/1977]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 1^, Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia; 2^, Sao Paulo, caraguatatuba.
garbei NaväS 1936:731, fig. 19 (hindwing). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Serra de Macae [Garbe, 29/X/1909]; Sao Paulo. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type in Sao Paulo. • Jewett 1960b:170. • {Jewettoperla} Illies 1963 (nec Naväs 1936):185, fig 19 (wings; ? terminalia ventral). • {Paragripopteryx} Illies 1966:45. • Froehlich 1969:19. • {Gripopteryx} Froehlich 1990:240, figs. 15-20 (^, terminalia ventral, dorsolateral; epiproct; ?, terminalia oblique; nymph, thorax and abdomen lateral terminalia lateral). Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo. • Froehlich 1993:22. Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Santa Catarina. Illies's material from the Boraceia Biological Station, including the figure, belongs to Paragripopteryx blanda Froehlich.
juetah Froehlich 1990:242, figs. 21-33 (^: head and pronotum dorsal; terminalia ventral and lateral; epiproct; ? : terminalia ventrolateral, dorsal, paraproct; eggs; nymph, thorax and abdomen lateral; terminalia lateral; nymph, ? , terminalia ventrolateral). Holotype, BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Campos do Jordao, Parque Estadual, 1600 m [Froehlich, 15/X/1985]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 15^, + exuviae, 13?, 62 nymphs, 9 last instar nymphal exuviae. Sao Paulo, Minas Gerais. [Obs.: ILLIES 1963:154, fig. 2 belongs to this species.]
liana Froehlich 1993:31, figs. 17-25 (^: terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal; epiproct; ? : terminalia ventral; paraprocts; nymph, thorax and abdomen lateral, terminalia lateral). Holotype, BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipo, Chapeu de Sol, 1000 m [Froehlich,
08/X/1975]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes, 8^, 5?, nymphs, 3 final nymphal exuviae.
12
maculosa Jewett 1960b:171, figs. 2, 2A, 2B, 2C (wings; ^ terminalia lateral and ventral; ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Petropolis, Alto Mosella [D Albuquerque, III/1957]; Rio de Janeiro. Allotype, ?: Esp^rito Santo, Santa Teresa, Reserva do Museu [Santos, Machado, Barros, III/1957]; Rio de Janeiro. Paratypes: 2^, Rio de Janeiro; 1^, 1?, Esp^rito Santo. • Illies 1963 (nec Jewett 1960a):56, fig. 3 (^: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: wings terminalia). Sao Paulo, Salesopolis. The material from Boraceia, including fig. 3, belongs to Gr. coruja Froehlich. • Illies 1966:30. • Froehlich 1969:19. • Froehlich 1993:24, fig. 2 (^ holotype: terminalia lateral). • Avelino-Capistrano & COSTA 2009:69. Holotype and allotype in Rio de Janeiro.
pardina NaväS 1936:730, fig. 18 (forewing, detail of hindwing). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia; Sao Paulo. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type in Sao Paulo. • Jewett 1960b:171. • Illies 1963:155. Synonym of Gripopteryx cancellata. • Illies 1966:460. Species inquirenda. • Froehlich 1969:19. Species propria. • ZwiCK 1972a:1131. Possible synonym of G. brasiliensis sensu Jewett 1959a. • Froehlich 1993:23, fig. 1 (? holotype: terminalia ventral).
pilosa Froehlich 1990:245, figs. 34-43 (^: head and pronotum; terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal; epiproct; ?, terminalia dorsal, oblique; nymph, thorax and abdomen lateral; terminalia lateral). Holotype, BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Sapuca^-Mirim [Oliveira, 06/IX/1986]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 1^, 6?, 2? + exuviae; 31 nymphs, 9 last instar nymphal exuviae. Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo.
pinima Froehlich 1993:29, figs. 10-16 ((^: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; epiproct; ? : terminalia ventral; nymph, thorax and abdomen lateral; terminalia lateral). Holotype, BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Salesopolis, Estagao Biologica de Boraceia, 850 m [Froehlich, 11/XI/1988]; Sao Paulo.
Paratypes: 9^, 2^ + exuviae, 6?, 45 nymphs, 1 final nymphal exuviae. • McLellan & ZwiCK 2007:40, fig. 69 (lacinia).
reticulata Brauer 1866:51. Holotype, BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Vienna. • JEWETT,1960b:171, figs. 3, 3A, 3B, 3C (wings; ^ terminalia lateral and ventral; ? terminalia ventral). Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo. The ? allotype is invalid. • Illies 1963: 57.
•	illies 1966:30. • Froehlich 1969:18. • Froehlich 1990:238 figs. 9-14 (?, terminalia oblique; nymph, ? : head and pronotum; terminalia dorsal and oblique; nymph, dorsal thorax and abdomen, lateral, terminalia, lateral). Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo. • Froehlich 1993:22. Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo.
brasiliensis {Gripoptera} Š[mal 1921:110. •Illies 1963:157. Synonym of Gripopteryx reticulata. • Froehlich 1969:18. Species propria.
zikanina {Klapopteryx} (Naväs 1932a):62, fig. 7 (forewing, part of hindwing). Holotype, ? : BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Barao Homem de Mello (ZIKAN, 01/03/1927); Berlin. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type in Berlin. • Illies 1963:157. Synonym of Gripopteryx reticulata.
serrei NaväS 1930c:14, fig. 40 (hindwing).Holotype, ?: URUGUAY: Florida, Cerro Colorado [P Serre, 1911]; Paris. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type in Paris. • Illies 1963:155. Synonym of Gripopteryx cancellata.
•	ZwiCK 1972a:1131. Possible synonym of G. reticulata sensu Jewett 1959a. • ZwiCK 1984:148, figs. 1-3 (? holotype: terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal). Species propria.
serrensis Froehlich 1993:34, figs. 26-31 (^: subgenital plate; t10, paraprocts; ?: terminalia ventral; ^ nymphal exuviae: nota, wing pads, abdomen lateral; ? nymphal exuviae: contour of abdomen, lateral). Holotype, ^ + exuviae: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, Santo Antonio da Patrulha [Willand & Fiorentin, 30/IX/1989]; Sao Paulo. Paratype, ? + exuviae.
zurbitui NaväS 1927:68. Holotype, ?: PARAGUAY: [Itapua], Hohenau. [Staudinger & Bang-Haas]; Navas, lost. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type not
located. • Illies 1963:155. Synonym of
Gripopteryx cancellata. • Zwick 1972a:1131. Possible synonym of G. brasiliensis sensu Jewett.
sp. Gripopteryx? Klapälek 1904:3, fig. 1 (nymph, terminalia ventral). Nymph: Falkland Islands, Port Stanley, freshwater pool [Michaelsen, 16/VII/1893].
sp. Klapälek 1904:4. Nymph, [ARGENTINA]: Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, lagoon at mouth of R^o Grande (often brackish?) [Michaelsen, 9/XII/1892].
sp. Jewett 1959a:150. One 1?. BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia [Plaumann]; Jewett. • JEwETT 1960b:196. Described as Gripopteryx crassila.
Gripopterygidae nymph, group A: Gripopteryx. Fiorentin & Corseuil 1994:32, fig. 1 (habitus). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.
Gripopterygidae nymph, group B: Gripopteryx. Fiorentin & Corseuil 1994:33, fig. 2 (habitus). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.
Genus Guaranyperla Froehlich
Guaranyperla Froehlich 2001:377. Species typical, original designation: Guaranyperla guapiara Froehlich. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:87.
Distribution: Southeastern Brazil.
beckeri Froehlich 2001:380, figs. 7-10 (male, head and pronotum, male terminalia dorsal, ventral and lateral). Holotype, Minas Gerais, Pogos de Caldas, Morro do Ferro [J Becker, 20/X/1963]; Sao Paulo.
guapiara Froehlich 2001:378, figs. 1-6 (female, head and pronotum, terminalia; nymph, habitus dorsal and details). Holotype, ?: adult and nymphal exuviae: Sao Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales, Rio das Mortes, 540 m [Froehlich & DE Ribeiro, 6/VIII/1997}; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 1 ?, 2? + exuviae; 7 nymphs.
nitens Froehlich 2001:381, Figs. 11-12 (female, head and pronotum, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: Sao Paulo, Campos do Jordao, State Park [CG Froehlich, 30/X/1986]; Sao Paulo.
spec. A Froehlich 2001:381, fig. 13 (nymph, habitus). Sao Paulo, Campos do Jordao, State Park , 2 nymphs: [SA Vanin, 18/V/1993]; Sao Paulo. Putative nymph of Gu. nitens.
spp., nymphs Froehlich 2001:383. Sao Paulo, Minas Gerais, Esp^rito Santo.
Genus Limnoperla Illies
Limnoperla Illies 1963:199. Species typica, monotypy: Gripopteryx jaffueli Naväs. In Paragripopteryginae. • ILLIES 1966:44. • McLellan 1977:121. In Gripopteryginae. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:87. Distribution: Southern South America.
jaffueli {Gripopteryx} (Naväs 1928):119, fig. 20 (hindwing). Holotype: CHILE: [V]: Marga-Marga, Los Perales [Jaffuel & Pirion, X/1926]; DEI, lost. • {Limnoperla} Illies 1963:201, figs 27-30 (nymph: habitus; mandible and maxilla; terminalia ventral. Wings. variation in wing length; variation in shape of paraproct and epiproct; terminalia lateral and oblique. ?: subgenital plate). Neotype, CHILE: IX: Caut^n, Cunco [probably Faz, 02/01/1930]; DEI. CHILE, ARGENTINA, between 32° and 53°15'S. • WERNER 1965:230, From Coquimbo [IX] to Magallanes [XII]. • Illies 1966:44. • ZwiCK 1972b:99. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia; X: Llanquihue, Chiloe. • Petersen & Gaedike 1968:966. Holotype lost. • Joost 1976:205. V: Valparaiso; M: Santiago; VII: Cauquenes, Linares; VIII: Arauco; XI: Aisen. • McLellan & ZWICK 2007:38, 40, figs. 54, 64, 65, 68 (nymph: fore body, dorsal; hind femur; labium, lacinia).
pirioni {Gripopteryx} (Naväs 1930b):354. Holotype: [CHILE: V] Marga Marga [P Pirion, VIII/1927]; Navas, lost. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type not located. • Illies 1963:201. Synonym of Limnoperla jaffueli.
venulata {Grypopteryx (sic)} (Naväs 1933):232, fig. 49
(forewing). Holotype, S: CHILE: IX: Angol [Bullock, 14/08/1931]. • Aubert 1957:58. Holotype in Barcelona. • Froehlich 1960:6, fig. 2 (wings; S terminalia lateral, ventral and dorsal; 5 terminalia ventral. Neotype S designated: CHILE: IX: Angol [Ross & MICHELBACHER, 31/XII/1950]; CAS. Additional material: S, 5, VIII: Biob^o, Nuble, Caut^n; IX: Malleco; XIV: Valdivia; X: Llanquihue, Osorno. • ILLIES 1963:201. Synonym of Limnoperla jaffueli.
Genus Neopentura Illies
Neopentura Illies 1965:154. Species typica, monotypy: Neopentura semifusca Illies. In Austroperlidae. • Illies 1966:14. • ILLIES 1969:21. In Gripopterygidae. • ZWICK 1973b:201. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:89. Distribution: Southern Argentina and Chile.
semifusca Illies 1965:156, fig. 3 (wings, head and pronotum, terminalia ventral). Holotype, 5: ARGENTINA: Neuquen, Hua-Hum (=Rio Guahum, 40°05'S, 71°42'W, Vera 2006b) [Hayward, XII/1946]; Lausanne. • ILLIES 1966:14. • Sartori, Membiela, Ravizza, Sänches-Ortega & ZwiCK 1990:168. Holotype in Lausanne. • VERA 2006b:70, figs. 1-10 (S: wings, terminalia lateral, dorsal and ventral, cercus and paraproct; 5 : st8-9; nymph: habitus lateral and dorsal, detail of margin of st8, mandibles, maxilla, labium). CHILE: Regiones IX (La Araucan^a) to XI (Aisen). ARGENTINA: R^o Negro.
Antarctoperlinae (Araucanioperla?) larval type A ILLIES 1963:235. • Araucanioperla sp.? Wais 1983:100. Nymph of N. semifusca fide Vera 2006b.
Genus Paragripopteryx Enderlein
Paragripopteryx Enderlein 1909b:416. Species typica, monotypy: Gripopteryx cancellata; Klapälek 1904 (nec Pictet 1841), renamed Paragripopteryx klapaleki. • ILLIES 1963 (nec Enderlein 1909b):178 • Illies 1966:44. • Froehlich 1969:19. • Zwick 1973b:210. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:91.
Gripopteryx; Jewett 1960b (partim):167.
Jewettoperla ILLIES 1963:184. Species typica,original
designation: Gripopteryx crassila Jewett 1960b. In Paragripopteryginae. • Froehlich 1969:19. Synonym of Paragripopteryx. Distribution: Uruguay, NE Argentina, S and SE Brazil.
anga Froehlich 1969:23, figs. 11-18, 35 (S: terminalia dorsal, lateral, ventral; 5 : wings, terminalia ventral; nymph: mouth parts, t10). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, [Santo Andre], Estagao Biologica de Paranapiacaba [CG Froehlich, 27/III/1964]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: S, 5, nymphs. • ILLIES 1966:45 (nomem nudum). • Froehlich 1994:228.
baratinii Benedetto 1983:19, figs.1-7 (S: terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal, posterior; epiproct; 5 : terminalia ventral, lateral). Holotype, S: URUGUAY: Lavalleja, Aguas Blancas [28/X/1956]; Montevideo. Paratypes: 4S, 15.
blanda Froehlich 1969:26, figs. 19-25 (S: wings, terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; 5 : terminalia ventral, paraproct; nymph: terminalia dorsal, lacinia and galea). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, [Santo Andre], Estagao Biologica de Paranapiacaba. [CG Froehlich, 17/IX/1963]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: S, 5, nymphs. • ILLIES 1966:45 (nomem nudum). • Froehlich 1994:228.
garbei {Jewettoperla} Illies 1963 (nec Naväs 1936):185, fig. 19 (5: wings, terminalia ventral). BRAZIL: Sao Paulo. Vide supra remark in Gr. garbei.
crassila {Gripopteryx} (Jewett 1960b):169, figs. 1, 1A, 1B (S: wings; terminalia lateral; 5: terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina,
Nova Teutonia [Plaumann, X/1956]; CAS. Allotype, 5: same data as holotye but XI/1956. • {Jewettoperla} ILLIES 1963:185. • {Paragripopteryx} ILLIES 1966:45. • Froehlich 1969:19.
sp. {Gripopteryx} Jewett 1959a:150. S, 5.
delicata Froehlich 1994:229, figs. 1-5 (S: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; 5 : terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Campos do Jordao, Parque Estadual, 1600 m [CG Froehlich, 26/XI/1986]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 10S, 305, 15 + exuviae.
egena Froehlich 1994:237, figs; 26-30 (S: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; $ : terminalia ventral, additional subgenital plate). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Säo Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual (Fazenda) Intervales [CG Froehlich, CM POLEGATTO, 18/XI/1992]. Säo Paulo. Paratypes: 3S, 6$.
guardae Froehlich 1994:231, figs 6-11 (S: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; $ : terminalia ventral; Nymph: S and $ paraprocts, femoral bristles). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Säo Paulo, Campos do Jordäo, Parque Estadual [CG Froehlich, 17/X/1985]; Säo Paulo. Paratypes: 5S, 2S + exuviae, 10$, 23 nymphs.
hamata Froehlich 1994:234, figs. 18-21 (S: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; $ : terminalia ventral). Paratype, S: BRAZIL: Säo Paulo, Salesopolis, Estagäo Biologica de Boraceia, 850 m [CG froehlich, MJN Ferreira, LG Oliveira, 12/XI/1990]; Säo Paulo. Paratypes: 4S, 5$.
klapaleki Enderlein 1909b:416. Holotype, S: Gripopteryx cancellata, Klapälek 1904 (nec Pictet 1841). • {Gripopteryx} Jewett, 1960b:170. • ILLIES 1963:179. Synonym of Paragripopteryx gracilis; ILLIES. •{Paragripopteryx} Illies 1966:46. • froehlich 1969:19, figs. 1-10 (S: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, epiproct. $ : terminalia ventral. Nymph: terminalia dorsal, femur, tarsus, claviform hairs, lacinia and galea, habitus). S, $, nymphs. Säo Paulo. Species propria. • ZWICK 1973a:476. • Froehlich 1994:228.
cancellata {Gripopteryx} Klapälek 1904 (nec Pictet 1841):8, figs. 3-5 (wings, terminalia lateral and dorsal). S: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Petropolis; Helsinki, lost. • Enderlein 1909b:416. Paragripopteryx klapaleki.
merui Froehlich 1994:232, figs. 13-17 (S: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; epiproct; nymphal exuviae of holotype: paraprocts). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Säo Paulo, Campos do Jordäo, Parque Estadual [CG froehlich , MJN Ferreira & LG Oliveira, 20/XI/1987]; Säo Paulo. Paratypes: 1S, 1S + exuviae.
munoai {Jewettoperla} (Benedetto 1969):145, figs. 113 (S: habitus lateral, terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, posterior; $ : habitus lateral, terminalia ventral, lateral, posterior; nymph, S terminalia ventral, $ terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: URUGUAY: Maldonado, Cerro de las Animas [ZOLESSI & al., 27/VII/1967]; Montevideo. Allotype, $ : same data as as holotype. Paratypes: 22, S, $, nymphs. • Benedetto 1970:386, figs. 2-5 (nymph, habitus; adult, emergence, copulation; egg). • {Paragripopteryx} ZwiCK 1973b:210.
Gripopterygidae nymph, group D: Paragripopteryx. Fiorentin & CORSEUIL 1994:34, fig. 4 (foreleg). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.
Genus Potamoperla Illies
Potamoperla Illies 1963:182. Species typica, monotypy: Perla myrmidon Mabille. In Paragripopteryginae. • ILLIES 1966:46. • McLellan 1977:121. Gripopteryginae. • Stark, froehlich & ZUNIGA 2009:92. Distribution: South America: Andean, from Peru southwards.
myrmidon {Perla} (Mabille 1888):6, pl. 1, fig.3 (habitus). Holotype: [CHILE: XII], Cape Horn [Hyades]; Paris, missing. • {Gripopteryx} Klapälek 1904:10. • {Potamoperla} Illies 1963:182, figs. 17-18 (nymph: Habitus; cercus; terminalia ventral; mandible and maxilla. Wings. S: t10; terminalia oblique). CHILE, ARGENTINA, south of 30°S. • ILLIES 1964a:46, fig.5b (S terminalia lateral). • Werner 1965:230. CHILE: VII: Curico, XI: Aisen. • ILLIES 1966:46. • ZwiCK 1972b:99. CHILE: X: Chiloe. • ZwiCK 1973a:476. • Joost 1976:205.
michelbacheri {Gripopteryx} Froehlich 1960:10, fig 5 (wings; S terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, 30 km S Valdivia [Ross & Michelbacher, 28/XII/1950]; CAS. • ILLIES 1963:182. Synonym of Potamoperla myrmidon.
oncina {Gripopteryx} Froehlich 1960:9, fig. 4 (wings; S terminalia lateral, dorsal and ventral; $ terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: CHILE: VIII: Biob^O, Tucapel [ROSS & MICHELBACHER,
28/XII/1950]; CAS. Allotype, $: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 5^. • ILLIES 1963:182. Synonym of Potamoperla myrmidon.
tigrina var. hyalinipennis {Gripopteryx} (ENDERLEIN 1909b):415. Holotype, PERU: Cusco, 3500 m [Garlepp]; Warsaw. • ILLIES 1963:198. Synonym of Claudioperla tigrina. • ILLIES 1966:42. • ZWICK 1973a:476. Synonym of Potamoperla myrmidon.
Genus Rhithroperla Illies
Rhithroperla Illies 1963:205. Species typica, original designation: Gripopteryx rossi FRoEHLICH. Key to species. In Paragripopteryginae. • ILLIES 1966:46. • McLellan 1977:121. Gripopteryginae. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:94. Distribution: Southern South America.
penai Illies 1963:207, fig. 31d (^: terminalia lateral). Holotype, CHILE: X: Chiloe, Isla Chiloe, Dalcahue (42°22'S) [Pena, 20/II/1957]; Illies. • ILLIES 1966:46.
rossi {Gripopteryx} Froehlich 1960:8, fig. 3 (wings; ^ terminalia lateral, ventral, dorsal; $ terminalia ventral). Holotype, CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, 13 km E R^o Bueno [Ross & Michelbacher, 15/I/1951]; CAS. Allotype, $: X: Osorno, 10 km E of Puyehue. Paratypes: 2^, 4$. XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno. • {Rhithroperla} Illies 1963:205, fig 31a-c (wings; ^ terminalia lateral; $ terminalia ventral). CHILE, south of 40°S. • WERNER 1965:231. VII: Curico; XII: Magallanes. • ILLIES 1966:47. • McLellan & ZWICK 2007:38-40, figs. 53, 58-59, 6162 (nymph, fore body, dorsal; t8, pilosity, chloride cell; head, hind femur). • (cf. rossi) Wais & Bonetto 1988:1457. ARGENTINA: R^o Negro. • (aff. rossi) Wais 1990:837. Neuquen. • Miserendino & PIZZOLON 2000:64. Chubut.
Genus Teutoperla ILLIES
Teutoperla Illies 1963:191. Species typica, original designation: Teutoperla rothi Illies. Key to species. In Paragripopteryginae. • ILLIES 1966:47. • McLellan 1977:121. In Gripopteryginae. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:96. Distribution: Chile.
auberti Illies 1965:151, fig. 1 (^, terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; $ , terminalia ventral, lateral). Holotype, CHILE: VIII: Nuble, Las Cabras, SW slope of Volcan Chillan (ca. 37°S), 1400 m [Pena, 10-23/XII/1954]; Lausanne. Paratypes: ca. 30 S, $. • Illies 1966:47. • Sartori, Membiela, Ravizza, Sänches-Ortega & Zwick 1990:168. Holotype on Lausanne. • (cf. auberti) Wais & Bonetto 1988:1457. ARGENTINA: R^o Negro.
brundini Illies 1963:194, fig. 23 (S: terminalia dorsal and lateral, detail second specimen; $ : terminalia ventral). CHILE: X: Llanquihue, stream by Peulla, 41°05'S [Brundin, 15/I/1959]; Illies. Paratypes: 1S, 2$, X: Chiloe. • WERNER 1965:230. X: Osorno. • ILLIES 1966:47. • McLellan & ZwiCK 2007:39-40, figs. 60, 63 (nymph: t8, pilosity; hind femora).
maulina Vera 2006c:31, figs. 1-19 (wings; S: head and pronotum, terminalia lateral, dorsal and ventral, details of epiproct and penis; $ : pronotum, terminalia ventral and lateral, paraproct, ovarioles; egg and details; nymph: habitus, mandibles, maxilla, labium, paraproct, detail of t8; adult phenology histogram). Holotype, S: CHILE: VII (Maule): afluente del Rio Curanilahue, Arroyo los Treguilles, sector Los Ruiles, 35°49'S 72°38'W. [A VERA, 31/X/2004]; Santiago. Paratypes: 8S, 9$.
rothi ILLIES 1963:192, fig. 22 (wings; S: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; $ : terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, stream by Punucapa [Illies, 23/II/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 5S, 9$; 37°-42°S. • ILLIES 1966:47.
Teutoperla? Larventyp X ILLIES 1963:195, fig. 24 (habitus, mandible and maxilla; terminalia ventral). CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, 39°35'S, ca. 600 m.; X: Llanquihue, 41°05'S, ca. 600 m. • VERA 2006c:30. Larventyp X does not belong to Teutoperla. • MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:27. Larventyp X is Alfonsoperla flinti.
Genus Tupiperla Froehlich
Tupiperla; Illies 1966:47 (Nomen nudum). In Paragripopteryginae. • Froehlich 1969:28.
Species typica, monotypy: Semblis gracilis Burmeister. • McLellan 1977:121. In Gripopteryginae. • Froehlich 1998:34. • Stark, froehlich & Zuniga 2009:96.
Paragripopteryx; Illies 1963 (nec Enderlein 1909b):178. Fide Froehlich 1969. Distribution: From highlands of central and eastern Brazil, ca. 14°S, to Uruguay, NE Argentina and S Paraguay.
eleonorae {Paragripopteryx}(FROEHLiCH 1988):236, figs. 22-25 (S: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; $: terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Iporanga, Caverna Areias de Baixo [Homem & Moracchioli, 21/IX/1991]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 1S, 1$. • {Tupiperla} Froehlich 1998:23, figs. 8-12 (S, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; $, terminalia ventro-lateral, ventral). Sao Paulo.
flinti froehlich 2002a:38, figs. 1-4 (S: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; $ : terminalia ventrolateral). Holotype, S: ARGENTINA: Misiones, Arroyo Coati, 15 km E of San Jose [OS Flint, 18-19/XI/1973]; NMNH. Paratypes: 19S, 21$, Misiones; PARAGUAY: Paraguar^.
gracilis {Semblis} (Burmeister 1839):876. Holotype, S (not $): BRAZIL; Halle. • {Capnia (Gripopteryx)} PICTET 1841:330, pl. 42, figs 1-3 (habitus, tarsus). • {Gripopteryx} KlapAlek 1904:10. • Jewett 1960b:170. • {Paragripopteryx} Illies 1963 (in part): 179, fig. 16 (b, t10; f, left paraproct). Sao Paulo. • {Tupiperla} Illies 1966:48 (nomen nudum). • froehlich 1969:29, figs. 26-34 (S: terminalia dorsal, ventral lateral; $ : terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, mouth parts, femur, tarsus). Sao Paulo. The nymph does not belong to T. gracilis, fide froehlich 1998. • Zwick 1972a:1131. • froehlich 1998:20, figs. 1-3 (S holotype: terminalia lateral, dorsal; $ , terminalia ventro-lateral). Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo.
illiesi froehlich 1998:24, figs. 13-15 ($, terminalia ventro-lateral, ventral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Salesopolis. Estagao Biologica de Boraceia [CG & O Froehlich, 12/IX/1988]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 48S, 42$.
gracilis {Paragripopteryx} Illies 1963 (partim):179, fig. 16 (S: t10 [c, d], terminalia lateral, paraprocts [ f, center and right]; $: terminalia ventral). • froehlich 1969, figs. 26-28 (S terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral).
jumirim BiSPO & Froehlich 2007:216, figs. 1-5 (S: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; $ : terminalia ventral, lateral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Goias, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Alto Para^so, Pouso Alto-Cruzeiro (13°56'37"S; 47°29'41"W) [PC BiSPO, E Yokoyama, GP Paciencia, 18.XII.2006]. Paratypes: 3S, 42$.
misionera Froehlich 2002a:38, figs. 5-7 (S, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: ARGENTINA: Misiones, Arroyo Coati, 15 km E of San Jose [OS Flint, 18-19/XI/1973]; NMNH.
modesta Froehlich 1998:26, figs. 16-19 (S, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; $ , terminalia ventro-lateral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Campos do Jordao, Parque Estadual [CG froehlich, 26/XI/1986]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 14S,12$.
neofriburgensis {Gripopteryx} (NavAs 1916a):27, fig. 8 (wings, terminalia dorsal and lateral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Nueva [Nova] Friburgo [H Ramos, XII/1911]; Navas. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type not located. • Jewett 1959a:149. Santa Catarina. Jewett's female allotype is invalid. • Jewett 1960b:172. Synonym of Gripopteryx tessellata.
oliveirai Froehlich 1998:26, figs. 20-24 (S: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; detail paraprocts; $, terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Goias, Pirenopolis, Corrego Inferno [LG Oliveira, 13/I/1994]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 27S, 21$.
reichardti Froehlich 1998:27, figs. 25-28 (S, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; $ , terminalia ventral, ventro-lateral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Campos do Jordao, Parque Estadual [CG froehlich, M Gimenes, 22/XII/1986]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 7S, 8$. Sao Paulo, Serra do
Japi; Minas Gerais, Pogos de Caldas.
robusta Froehlich 1998:29, figs. 30 (S, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; $ , terminalia ventral, ventro-lateral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Campos do Jordao, Parque Estadual [CG Froehlich, AC Ribeiro-Ferreira, 22/IV/1987]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 22S, 6$. Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro.
sulina Froehlich 1998:29, figs. 35-39 (S: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; $ : terminalia ventro-lateral; st8-9). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Reserva Spitzkopf [CG Froehlich, SA Vanin, 4/Xn/1975]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 8S, 20$.
tessellata {Gripopteryx} Brauer 1866:51. Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Vienna. • (tesselata) KlapAlek 1904:9, fig. 6 (wings). BRAZIL: [Rio de Janeiro]. • JEWETT 1960b:172, fig. 4 (hind femur). Rio de Janeiro. • Illies 1963:179. Synonym of Paragripopteryxgracilis. • {Tupiperla} Illies 1966:48. Synonym of Tupiperla gracilis. • Froehlich 1998:21, figs. 4-7 (S, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; $ , terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo. Species propria. • Froehlich 2008:126, fig. 1 (holotype, subgenital plate).
neofriburgensis {Gripopteryx} (NavAs 1916a):27. • Jewett 1960b:172. Synonym of Gripopteryx tessellata.
umbya Froehlich 1998:31, figs. 40-44 (S, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; $ , terminalia ventro-lateral, ventral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales [CG Froehlich, CM Polegatto, 20/XI/1992]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes, 1S, 3$.
sp. A Froehlich 1998:32, fig. 45 ($, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, llhota, Morro do Bau, 1$.
sp. B Froehlich 1998:33, fig. 46 ($, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Ilhota, Morro do Bau, 3 $; Blumenau, Spitzkopf, 2$.
sp. C Froehlich 1998:33, fig. 47 ($, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, llhota, Morro do Bau, 1$.
sp. D Froehlich 1998:33, fig. 48 ($, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Santo Andre, Estagao Biologica de Paranapiacaba, 2$, (as T.
gracilis, Froehlich 1969).
sp. E Froehlich 1998:33, fig. 49 ($, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Campos do Jordao, 1$.
sp. F Froehlich 1998:34, fig. 50 ($, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Pogos de Caldas, 2$.
Gripopterygidae nymph, group C: Tupiperla. Fiorentin & CORSEUIL 1994:34, fig. 3 (habitus). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.
Genus Uncicauda McLellan & Zwick
Uncicauda McLellan & Zwick 2007:22. Species typica, monotypy, Uncicauda pirata McLellan & ZwICK. • STARK, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:98. Distribution: Chile.
pirata McLellan & Zwick 2007:22, figs. 1-5 (wings; S: terminalia lateral, ventral, dorsal; $: terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: CHILE: IX: Malleco, Nahuelbuta, Los Gringos, 37°48'S, 73°01'W, [CM Flint, OS Flint, 15-17/XII/1993], NMNH. Paratypes: 2S, 2$, IX: Malleco; 2S, Caut^n.
testacea {Potamoperla}VERA 2006d:169, figs. 1-10 (male: head and pronotum, wings, terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; female: terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, labrum, mandible, maxilla, labium, paraproct). Holotype, male: CHILE: IX: Curacautin, Manzanar [A. Vera, 22/XI/2004]; Santiago. Allotype, $: IX: Malleco, Termas de Tolhuaca [M Guerrero, 5/n/2001]. Paratypes: 5 S, 7 $, VII (Maule), IX (La Araucan^a), XI (Aisen). {Uncicauda} Stark, Froehlich & Züniga 2009:98. N. comb.
Gripopteryginae species A McLellan, Wais, Cabo
1990:177, figs. 1-5 (habitus, maxilla, mandible, terminalia ventral, paraproct). Nymph: Malvinas/Falkland Islands, East Falkland, Soledad, Malo River (ca. 51°40'S, 8°30'W) [S Coscaron, 06/XII/1974]; NMNH. • McLellan 2001a: Belongs to Falklandoperla kelper.
Leptoperlinae Banks
Leptoperlini Banks 1913:202.
Senzillidae NaväS 1917:191.
Abranchioperlidae Illies 1958:227. • Illies 1960a:413.
Leptoperlinae; Illies 1963:161. Senzillidae, Abranchioperlidae, synonyms of Leptoperlinae. • illies 1966:33. • McLellan 1977:121.
Genus Notoperla
Notoperla Enderlein 1909b: 393, 416. Species typica, monotypy: Antarctoperla fuegiana Enderlein 1905. • Enderlein 1912:123. • Illies 1963:163, fig. 9 (distribution map). Redefined. Senzilla, Abranchioperla synonyms of Notoperla. • Illies 1966:38. • McLellan, Mercado & Elliott 2005:33. Comments. • McLellan, Miserendino & Holmann 2006:53, fig. 31 (Distribution map). Comments. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:90.
Senzilla NaväS 1917:192. Species typica, monotypy: Senzilla tunelina.
Abranchioperla Illies 1958:223. Species typica, monotypy: Abranchioperla archiplatae. Distribution: Southern South America.
archiplatae {Abranchioperla} (Illies 1958):223, figs. 1-3(Nymph: habitus; abdomen ventral; head and pronotum; mouthparts; tibia and tarsus of foreleg). Holotype, nymph: CHILE: M: Santiago, Rio Volcan, Lo Valdes, 1900-2000 m, 33°45'S, 70°W [Illies, 07 and 25/III/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 35 nymphs. Additional material: (?) 2?, XI: Aisen; 4 nymphs; XII: Magallanes. • Illies 1960a (nec Illies 1958):417, figs 1, 3-5 (nymph: habitus, thorax and abdomen ventral, S, ? terminalia; adult ? : wings, pronotum, coxa, trochanter, terminalia ventral; distribution map). CHILE: M: Santiago; VI: Colchagua; XI: Aisen; XII:
Magallanes. ARGENTINA: R^o Negro, Tierra del Fuego. • {Notoperla} Illies 1963:170, fig. 11 (S "holotype": forewing; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, detail). Male holotype invalid. • Illies 1966:38. • McLellan & ZWICK 2007:36, figs. 48-49 (nymph, coxal projection, fore body). CHILE: M.
bovei NaväS 1930b:354, fig. 68 (forewing). Holotype, ?: [ARGENTINA]: Uscinuaja, T. de Fuoco (sic) [Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia] [Bove, II/1884]; Genova. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type in Genova. • Illies 1963:167. Synonym of Notoperla fuegiana.
conspicua Froehlich 1960:19, fig. 12. (S: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ? : wings; terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: ARGENTINA: Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Tierra Mayor [Wygodzinsky, 25/I/1960]; La Plata. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 6S, 2?. • Illies 1963:167. Synonym of Notoperla fuegiana. • Illies 1966:38. • ZwiCK 1973a:476. Very probably species propria.
fasciata McLellan 2006. In: McLellan, miserendino & Hollmann 2006:55, figs. 1-11 (front coxal projection, hind leg; S: genitalia dorsal and lateral; ? : pronotum, forewing, genitalia ventral; nymph: head dorsal, procoxal projection, male t10 lateral and dorsal). Holotype, S: ARGENTINA: Chubut, La Hoya Stream, 42°50'28"S, 71°15'55"W, 1200 m [ME Hollmann, 18/XII/2004]; Tucuman. Paratypes: 5S, 4?, 11 nymphs.
fuegiana {Antarctoperla} (Enderlein 1905):813, fig. 4 (wings). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, wood. [III/1902]; Stockholm. • {Notoperla} Enderlein 1909b:416. • Enderlein 1912:123, fig. 31; Tab. 4, fig. 42 (wings). • Froehlich 1960:19, fig. 11 (? terminalia ventral and dorsal). • Illies 1963:167, figs. 7b, 8 (S, brachypterous, habitus; nymph: habitus; mouthparts). • Illies 1966:38. • ZwiCK 1973a:476. It is highly unlikely that N. conspicua Froehlich is identical with N. fuegiana.
archiplatae; Illies 1960a (nec Illies 1958). Synonym of N. fuegiana.
bovei NaväS 1930b:354. • Illies 1963:167. Synonym of Notoperla fuegiana.
macdowalli McLellan & Mercado 2005. In: McLellan, Mercado & Elliott 2005:35, figs. 1-6 (base of front leg, base of antenna, male genitalia dorsal and lateral, nymph habitus). Fig. 7 (locality map). Holotype, CHILE: M: Estero La Leonera, Santuario Nacional Yerba Loca, 1812 m, 33°18'40"S, 70°19'15"W [S Elliott, X/2003]; Santiago. Paratypes: Nymphs: 1^, 7?.
magnaspina McLellan 2006. In: McLellan, Miserendino & Hollmann 2006:59, figs. 12-20 (front coxal projection, foreleg; genitalia dorsal and lateral; ? : genitalia ventral; nymph: front coxal projection, head dorsal, t10 dorsal and lateral). Holotype, ARGENTINA: Chubut, La Hoya Stream, 42°50'28"S, 71°15'75"W, 1200 m [ME Hollmann, 25/I/2005]; Tucuman. Paratypes: 2^, 1?, 1 nymph. Additional material: Neuquen, R^o Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz.
tunelina {Senzilla} (Naväs 1917):192, fig. 3 (wings). Holotype, ARGENTINA: Santa Cruz, Valle Tunel, [Lago Viedma, 49°30'S] [Witte]; La Plata. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata). • {Notoperla} Illies 1963:168, figs 7a, 10 (^: habitus; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, detail. ?, wings). CHILE: XI: Aisen; XII: Magallanes. • ILLIES 1966:39. • McLellan, Miserendino & Hollmann 2006:59. CHILE: XI: Aisen; XII: Magallanes. • McLellan & ZWICK 2007:40, fig. 66 (lacinia).
archiplatae {Abranchioperla}; Illies 1960a (nec Illies 1958):417. • ILLIES. 1963:168. Synonym of Notoperla tunelina.
werneri NaväS 1934b:162. • Illies. 1963:168. Synonym of Notoperla tunelina.
werneri NaväS 1934b:162, fig. 38 (forewing). Holotype, ? : CHILE: XII: Magallanes, ultima Esperanza, 500 m [W Gromsch, 02/1931]; Navas. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type in Zaragoza. • ILLIES. 1963:168. Synonym of Notoperla tunelina.
Genus Senzilloides
Senzilloides Illies 1963:171. Species typica, monotypy: Gripopteryx panguipullii Naväs. • ILLIES 1966:39. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga
2009:94
Distribution: Southern South America.
panguipullii {Gripopteryx} (Naväs 1928):121, fig. 21 (forewing, apex of hindwing). Syntypes: ?: CHILE: XIV: [Valdivia,] Panguipulli [Faz, 18/X/1924]; DEI. • AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in Berlin. • {Senzilloides} Illies 1963:174, figs. 12-14 (nymph: habitus; terminalia lateral, ventral; mandible and maxilla; wings, variation in forewing tips; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral). ARGENTINA, CHILE, south of 36°S. • WERNER 1965:230. CHILE: VII: Curico. [South of 35°S]. • ILLIES 1966:39. • JooST 1976:205. CHILE: cordillera. [South of 33°S].
sp. Farias & Wais 1986:5, figs. 1-8 (Nymph: head and thorax, head, forefemur, terminalia dorsal; terminalia lateral, ?, terminalia lateral). Fourteen nymphs: ARGENTINA: Neuquen, Parque Nacional Lanin, Arroyo Turbio above Lago Tromen, 600 m [EF Farias, 05/I/1986].
Zelandoperlinae McLellan
Zelandoperlinae McLellan 1977:121.
Genus Notoperlopsis Illies
Notoperlopsis Illies 1963:158. Species typica, monotypy: Notoperlopsis femina Illies. In Gripopteryginae. • ILLIES 1966:31. • McLellan 1977:121. Zelandoperlinae. • McLellan, miserendino & Holmann 2006:67, fig. 31. Distribution map. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:90.
Distribution: Southern South America.
femina Illies 1963:161, figs. 5-6 (nymph: habitus; mandible and maxilla; cercus lateral; terminalia ventral. ? : wings; terminalia ventral; head and pronotum; foreleg). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Lago Pellaifa, 39°35'S [Besch, 12/05/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 2?, Valdivia. Nymphs: 12, CHILE: IX: Malleco; X: Llanquihue.
ARGENTINA: Chubut. • ILLIES 1966:31. •
McLellan, Miserendino & Hollmann 2006:63, figs. 21-30 (head and pronotum, wings, leg; genitalia lateral, dorsal; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, terminalia ventral and lateral, mandible, maxilla). Male described, female and nymph redescribed. ARGENTINA: Chubut, Neuquen.
Notonemouridae
Notonemourinae Ricker 1950:198. • ILLIES 1961:118.
•	ILLIES 1966:162, fig. 11 (distribution map).
Notonemouridae Zwick 1973b:317. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:101.
Genus Austronemoura Aubert
Austronemoura Aubert 1960:48. Species typica, original designation: Austronemoura chilena Aubert. • ILLIES 1961:100, fig. 2 (nymph: habitus, maxilla, labium, prothorax ventral). Redefinition, revision. • ILLIES 1966:168. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:104.
Distribution: Southern South America.
araucoana Aubert 1960:51, figs. 15-19 (^: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; t10, epiproct; paraproct). Holotype, CHILE,]: VIII: Arauco, Caramavida, 1000 m [L Pena, 05-10/02/1953]; Lausanne. Paratypes: 2^. • ILLIES 1961:102. • ILLIES 1966:168.
•	Sartori, Membiela, Ravizza, Sänches-Ortega & ZwiCK 1990:180. Holotype in Lausanne.
auberti McLellan & ZwiCK 1996:109, figs. 1-5, 15-17 (^: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, upper paraproct; ?: terminalia ventral, dissected specimen). Holotype	CHILE: IX:
Malleco,Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta, Coimallin, 37°48'S, 73°01'W [C & OS Flint, Jr., 16/12/1993]; NMNH. Paratypes: 44^, 91?.
caramavidensis Aubert 1960:50, figs. 10-14 (^: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; t10, epiproct; paraproct). Holotype, CHILE: VIII: Arauco, Caramavida, 1000 m [L Pena, 25-31/XII/1953]; Lausanne. Paratypes: 5^. • ILLIES 1961:102.
Probably species B Aubert 1960. • Illies 1966:168. • Sartori, Membiela, Ravizza, Sänches-Ortega & ZwiCK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.
chilena Aubert 1960:49, figs. 4-9 (^: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; t10, epiproct; st 9; ?, terminalia ventral). Holotype, CHILE: X: Rinihue, 120 m [L Pena, 24/II/1955]; Lausanne. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 36^, 8?, CHILE: XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno. • ILLIES 1961:100, fig. 3 (gynandromorph). CHILE, ARGENTINA, 38°-41°S. • WERNER 1965:232. CHILE, XI: Aisen (44°50'S). • ILLIES 1966:168. • SARTORI, Membiela, Ravizza, Sänches-Ortega & ZwiCK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.
decipiens McLellan & ZwiCK 1996:111, figs. 10-14, 18, 19 (^: terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal; detail of epiproct, lateral; epiproct dorsal; ? : st8, detail). Holotype, CHILE: X: Osorno, Puyehue [11/1961]; Illies. Paratypes: 2^, 5?.
encoensis Aubert 1960:52, figs. 26-29 (^: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; apex of t10, epiproct). Holotype, CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Enco, 120700 m [L Pena, 26/II/1955]; Lausanne. Paratype: 1^, X: Llanquihue. • ILLIES 1961:104, fig. 5 (? terminalia ventral, lateral). Valdivia. • ILLIES 1966:169. • Joost 1976:207. XII: Aisen. • Sartori, Membiela, Ravizza, Sänches-Ortega & ZwiCK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.
eudoxiae Froehlich 1960:22, fig. 13. (^: wings; terminalia lateral, ventral, dorsal, detail; ? : terminalia ventral). Holotype CHILE: X: Lanquihue, Los Muermos, 41°25'S [Ross & Michelbacher, 19/I/1951]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 14^, 5?, IX: Malleco; XIV: Valdivia; X: Lanquihue. • ILLIES 1961:102, fig. 4 (Distribution map). Species C aubert 1960 belongs here. CHILE, 36°-42°S: VII: Linares; X: Llanquihue, Chiloe. • WERNER 1965:232. X: Osorno. • ILLIES 1966:169. • Joost 1976:207. XI: Aisen
flintorum McLellan & ZwiCK 1996:111, figs. 6-9 (^: terminalia ventral lateral, dorsal; epiproct). Holotype CHILE X: Chiloe, 4 km E Cucao,
42°39'S, 74°05'W [C & OS Flint, Jr., 26/12/1993]; NMNH. Paratypes: 25.
quadrangularis Aubert 1960:51, figs. 20-25 (S: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; t10, epiproct; paraprocts; st9). Holotype S: CHILE: X: Osorno, Puyehue, 1300-1400 m [Pena, 13-19/03/1955]; Lausanne. • ILLIES 1961:104, fig. 4 (distribution map). Species A Aubert 1960 belongs here. CHILE: XI: Aisen; XII: Magallanes; ARGENTINA: R^o Negro. • ILLIES 1966:169. • Sartori, Membiela, Ravizza, Sänches-Ortega & ZWICK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.
species A Aubert 1960:53, fig. 30 (5 terminalia ventral). CHILE: Los Paraguas, 1400 m: 15 [Pena, 21-24/III/1955]; Lausanne. • ILLIES 1961:104. Belongs to A. quadrangularis Aubert.
species B Aubert 1960:54, fig. 31 (5 terminalia ventral). CHILE: VIII: Arauco, Caramavida, 1000 m: 25 [Pena, 05-10/02/1950]; Lausanne. • ILLIES 1961:102. Probably belongs to A. caramavidensis Aubert.
species C Aubert 1960:54, fig. 32 (5 terminalia ventral). CHILE:VIII: Arauco, Caramavida: 15; XIV: Valdivia, Rinihue, 120 m: 15; Lausanne. • ILLIES 1961:102. Belongs to A. eudoxiae Froehlich.
Genus Neofulla Claassen
Neofulla Claassen 1936:622. • Illies 1961:105. , fig.7 (nymph: habitus, prothorax ventral, maxilla, labium). • Illies 1966:172. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:106.
Fulla Naväs 1929d:328. Species typica, monotypy: Fulla areolata Naväs. Nomen praeoccupatum.
Illiesia Aubert 1960:54. Species typica, original designation: Illiesia spinosa Aubert. • Illies 1961:105. Diagnosis. Synonym of Neofulla. Distribution: Southern South America.
areolata {Fulla} (Naväs 1929d):329, fig. 74 (fore wing). Holotype: CHILE: XIV: Corral [R Paessler, 01/VI/1912]; Hamburg. • Aubert 1956b:438. Type lost.^ AUBERT 1960:60. • ILLIES 1961:107, figs. 1, 8 (habitus; S terminalia dorsal,
ventral, lateral; 5 terminalia ventral). Neotype S: CHILE: IX: Caut^n, Pillaifa Stream [Besch, 12/II/1958]. Additional material: XIV: Valdivia; X: Llanquihue; with caution, XI: Aisen; XII: Magallanes. • Weidner 1962:108. Holotype in Hamburg. iLLiES's (1961) designation of a neotype is therefore invalid. • SCHNEIDER 1990:250, fig. 2 (S: terminalia lateral, ventral; paraprocts). CHILE: X: Osorno; ARGENTINA: Neuquen. • Joost 1976:207. CHILE: XI: Aisen.
biloba Aubert 1960:55, figs. 39-44 (S: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; apex of t10, epiproct; paraproct; st9). Holotype, S: CHILE: X: Llanquihue, R^o Chaquiguan, 460 m [L Pena, 18/III/1950]; Lausanne. • ILLIES 1961:109. • ILLIES 1966:173. • Sartori, Membiela, Ravizza, Sänches-Ortega & ZwiCK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne. • Pessacq 2008:60, figs. 1-8 (nymph: labrum, mandible, maxilla, lacinia, maxillary palpus, labium, tarsus, abdomen dorsal). Description of nymph. ARGENTINA: Chubut.
spinosa {Illiesia} (Aubert 1960):54, figs. 1, 33-38 (S: forewing; terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; apex of t10, epiproct; paraproct; st9). Holotype, S: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Enco, 120-700 m [L Pena, 26/II/1955]; Lausanne. • {Neofulla} Illies 1961:109.
•	Werner 1965:232. XI: Aisen. • Illies 1966:173.
•	SCHNEIDER 1990:249, fig 1 (5: terminalia lateral, ventral. dorsal). CHILE: X: Osorno. • SARTORI, Membiela, Ravizza, Sänches-Ortega & Zwick 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.
Genus Neonemura Naväs
Neonemura Naväs 1919a:6. Species typica, monotypy: Neonemura barrosi Naväs. • Aubert 1960:57. Redefinition. • ILLIES 1961:109, fig. 9 (nymph: habitus, prothorax ventral, maxilla, mandible). Redefined. • Illies 1966:173. • ZwiCK 1973b:319. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:106.
Distribution: Southern South America.
barrosi Naväs 1919a:6, fig. 23 (forewing, pronotum, terminalia lateral). Holotype, 5: CHILE: Rio Blanco [R Barros, X/1917]; Navas, lost. • Naväs
1925:312, fig. 39 (S, hindwing). • AUBERT 1956b:438. Type not located. • AUBERT 1960:57, figs. 3, 45-50 (forewing; S: terminalia dorsal, lateral, ventral; epiproct; $ : terminalia ventral, lateral). • Froehlich 1960:21. • Illies 1961:109, fig. 10 (distribution map). CHILE, 33°-51°S. • WERNER 1965:232. From VII: Curico to XII: Magallanes. • Illies 1966:173. • ZWICK 1972b:99. X: Llanquihue, Chiloe. • Joost 1976:207. VIII: Arauco; XI: Aisen. • Wais & BONETTO 1988:1457. ARGENTINA: R^o Negro.
illiesi ZWICK 1972b:95, fig. 1 (S: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, paraprocts; $ : terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: CHILE: X: Chiloe, Chepu [W Kuschel, 03/10/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 2 S, 2$. • ZwiCK 1973b:319. • Vera 2008:25. CHILE: XI, XII.
maculata Vera 2008:23, 5 figs. (male: wings, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral, epiproct, circus). Holotyope, male: CHILE: VII, Reserva Nacional Altos de Lircay, estero Majadillas [A. VERA, 30/IV/2006]; Santiago.
Genus Udamocercia Enderlein
Udamocercia Enderlein 1909b:418. Species typica, monotypy: Leuctra antarctica Enderlein 1905. • Enderlein 1912:124. • Aubert 1960:58. Redefined. • Illies 1961:112, fig. 11 (nymph: habitus, prothorax ventral, maxilla, mandible). • ILLIES 1966:176. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:107.
Distribution: Southern South America. CHILE: IX-XII.
arumifera Aubert 1960:59, figs. 2, 51-56 (forewing; S: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; epiproct; paraproct. $ terminalia lateral). Holotype, S: CHILE: X: Llanquihue, Rio Chaquiguan, 460 m [L Pena, 18/III/1950]; Lausanne. Paratype: 1$. • ILLIES 1961:112, fig. 12A, B (S terminalia ventral, lateral). CHILE: XIV: Valdivia. ARGENTINA: [R^o Negro]. • ILLIES 1966:176. • Sartori, Membiela, Ravizza, Sänches-Ortega & Zwick 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne. • MISERENDINO & PIZZOLON 2000:64. Chubut.
frantzi Illies 1961:114, figs. 12C, 12D (S terminalia ventral, lateral). Holotype S: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Liquine, 39°35'S [Besch, 25/IV/1958]; Illies, but see below. Paratypes, 2S, 3$. CHILE: IX: Caut^n; XIV: Valdivia. ARGENTINA: [R^o Negro]. • ILLIES 1966:176. • Sartori, Membiela, Ravizza, Sänches-Ortega & ZwiCK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.
species Aubert 1960:60. Two $, CHILE: X: Enco. Belongs to frantzi fide Illies 1961:115.
Incertae sedis
Gemnra (sic) Pirioni Naväs 1928:124, fig. 23 (forewing). Holotype S: CHILE: Marga Marga, Hacienda Perales [A. Pirion, 27/II/1927]; lost. • Aubert 1960:60. Nomen nudum. • Illies 1961:99. Nomen nudum. • Illies 1966:471: Notonemourinae, Austronemoura or Neonemura. Nomen dubium.
Perloidea
Perlidae
antarctica {Leuctra} (Enderlein 1905):814, fig. 5 (abdomen, lateral). Holotype, $: [ARGENTINA: Tierra del Fuego,] Ushuaia. [111/1902]; Stockholm. • {Udamocercia} Enderlein 1909b:418. • Enderlein 1912:124, fig. 32 ($ abdomen lateral), Tab. 4, fig. 43 (wings). • ILLIES 1961:112. • ILLIES 1966:176. • ZwiCK 1973a:477. Comments. species {Nemurella} Klapälek 1904:5, fig. 2 (nymph: terminalia ventral, lateral). [CHILE: XII: Antarctica,] Isla Navarino, Puerto Toro. • Illies 1961:112. The species belongs to U. antarctica.
Perlidae Latreille 1802:292. • Enderlein 1909b:388 (key to genera). • Klapälek 1914:53, 61 • ILLIES 1966:259. • STARK 2001b:406. Key to Neotropical genera. • Stark, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:109.
Acroneuriinae
Acroneuriinae Klapälek 1914:58. • Illies 1964b:208, fig. 1 (distribution map in South-Middle America). Key to southern South America genera.
• ILLIES 1966: 304, fig. 15 (distribution map).
Genus Anacroneuria Klapälek
Anacroneuria Klapälek 1909:228. Species typica: A. albimacula Klapälek , by subsequent designation: Claassen 1940:177. • Needham & Broughton 1927:110. Comments, key to Central American and Mexican species. P. 119, footnote: "a <fragment<has been found among some material from Texas<this genus should<be added to the US fauna". • Jewett 1960b:173. • ILLIES 1964b:230, fig. 21 (Nymph: head, mandible, maxilla). Comments. • Illies 1966:311. Comments. • ZWICK 1972a:1149. Redefinition and discussion. • ZWICK 1973a:478. Comments. • ZwiCK 1973b:270. • Froehlich 1984c:44, figs. 1, 11 (head and pronotum, thorax ventral). • STARK 1998:552. Key to Costa Rican and Panamanian species. • Dorville & Froehlich 1999:281, figs. 2, 6, 9 (Nymph: head; T3 and base of abdomen, ventral; maxilla). • STARK 2001b:410, figs. 1-5 (sp. A, head and pronotum, S: st9, penis ventral, dorsal; $ : st8-9). Diagnosis, comments, species list. • STARK, Froehlich & Zuniga 2009:115.
Forquilla Naväs 1924b:74. Species typica, monotypy: Forquilla divisa Naväs. • Jewett 1958:159. Synonym of Anacroneuria.
Coeloperla Naväs 1936:727. Species typica, monotypy: Coeloperla paulina Naväs. New synonym.
Nedanta Naväs 1932c (partim): 86. Species typica, original designation: Nedanta fusca Naväs. • ZwiCK 1972a:1160. N. isoscelia is Anacroneuria. Distribution: From southern Nearctic Region to northern Argentina.
achagua Stark 1999:70, figs. 1-5 (head and pronotum; S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Portuguesa; Guanare [B MALKIN, 13/IX/1957]; CAS. Paratype: 1S.
acutipennis Klapälek 1923:23. Holotype, $: PANAMA: Volcan Chiriqu^; [VAN DEN Weele]; Leiden, now Prague. • Illies 1966:312. • STARK 1998:554, figs. 1-5, 136, 159-160 (head and pronotum, S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details; $: st8-9). COSTA RICA: Alajuela; Cartago; Puntarenas; San Jose. GUATEMALA. •
STARK & Kondratieff 2004:6, figs. 1-5 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral).
expansa Klapälek 1923:22. • Stark 1998:554. Synonym of A. acutipennis.
sp. C harper 1992:118. • STARK 1998:554. Belongs to A. acutipennis.
adamsae Stark & Sivec 1998:4, figs. 1-4 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, Buenos Aires, km 135, 2150 m [N. Adams, 28-29/VIII/1989]; NMNH.
aethiops {Perla} (WALKER 1852):154. Holotype, $: MEXICO [Coll. Hartweg]; London. • Hagen 1861:24. • {Anacroneuria} Needham & Broughton 1927:116, fig. 5 ($, st8-9). MEXICO: Chiapas. • Jewett 1958:161. MEXICO: Oaxaca. • Illies 1966:312. • {Perla} KIMMINS 1970:338. $ holotype in London. • {Anacroneuria} Stark & Kondratieff 2004:6, figs. 6-10 (head and pronotum; S, penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; $, st8-9). MEXICO: Chiapas, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz.
alajuela Stark 1998:554, figs. 6-10 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis).Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: Alajuela, 20 km S Upala [FD PARKER, VI/1990]; NMNH.
albimacula Klapälek 1921:324. Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Bogota [LINDIG]. Berlin, lost. • ILLIES 1966:312. • STARK, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:16, figs. 1-5 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $, st8-9). Neotype S: COLOMBIA: Antioquia, 12 km E Medellin [oS FLINT, 06/II/1983]; NMNH.
amaru Stark 2004:67, figs. 1-5 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Prov. Caballero, Parque Nacional Amboro, 2030 m, 17°50'14"S, 64°23'38"W [S Spector, J Ledezma, 17-25/X/2001]; AMNH (pro tempore). Paratypes: 124S.
amazonica Froehlich 2003:132. Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke [Marlier, 21/II/1964]; Sao Paulo. Paratype: $ . Nom. nov. for the $ described as A.
marlieri. • Ribeiro & Rafael 2009:13, figs. 46-48 (female: sterna 7-8, sterna 9-10, vaginal sclerite). Female redescribed, comments on type locality. marlieri Froehlich 2001 (partim, $):191, figs. 11, 16 (head and pronotum, st8-9).
amboro Stark 2004:68, figs. 6-10 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Prov. Caballero, Parque Nacional Amboro, 2030 m, 17°50'15"S, 64°23'29"W [S Spector, J Ledezma, 17-20/X/2001]; AMNH (pro tempore). Paratypes: 4S.
ampla Jewett 1959a:156, fig. 10 (head and pronotum). Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutonia [Plaumann, XI/1955]; CAS. Paratypes: 15$. • ILLIES 1966:312. • Froehlich 2002b:85. Synonym of A. plaumanni.
anchicaya Baena & Züniga 1999. In Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:22, figs. 21-25 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Alto Anchicaya, 700 m [A.M.Rojas, A. Ramos, 12/V/1994]; Cali. Paratype: 1S. • Stark 2001a:4. ECUADOR: Cotopaxi, Napo, Pichincha. • züniga & stark 2002:218. COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca. • Züniga, Stark, VAsconez, Bersosa & VIMOS 2006:53, fig. 35 (putative $, st8-9). Valle del Cauca, Antioquia. • Züniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:136. Antioquia, Cauca, Risaralda, Valle del Cauca.
angusticollis {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909b):409. Syntypes, 2S: COLOMBIA: Rio Magdalena [Ernst Pehlke]; Warsaw. • Illies 1966:481. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • {Anacroneuria} Zwick 1973a:483, figs. 11-13 (S holotype, penis dorsal, lateral; $ , st8-9). BOLIVIA: La Paz, Coroico.^ Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:17, figs. 6-10 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). ECUADOR: Napo. • Stark 2001a:4. ECUADOR: Napo, Pastaza, Zamora Chinchipe. handlirschi KlapAlek 1922:94. • Zwick 1973a:483. Synonym of A. angusticollis. • Stark & SiVEC 1998:28. Species propria.
unicolor KlapAlek 1922:94. • Zwick 1973a:483. Synonym of A. angusticollis.
annularis {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet 1841):252, pl. 25, figs. 3-5 (habitus, wings closed; habitus, wings expanded; head and pronotum). Holotype, lacking abdomen: BRAZIL; Geneve. • {Perla} ILLIES, 1966:498. Nomen oblitum. • {Anacroneuria} Zwick 1972a:1152.
annulicauda {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet 1841):249, pl. 22, figs. 1-4 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded, head and pronotum, base of cercus). Syntypes: 1 $, MEXICO; Berlin; 1S, BRAZIL; Vienna, lost. • {Perla} Hagen 1861:26. • {Neoperla} Enderlein 1909a (nec Pictet 1841, fide Zwick 1972a):175, fig. 8 (contour of $ subgenital plate). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina. Synonym of A. mollis = A. hyalina, fide Zwick 1973a. • Needham & Broughton 1927 (nec PICTET 1841, fide Zwick 1972a):111, figs. 1-1A ($, st8-9, base of cercus). BRAZIL: Rio [de Janeiro]. ["This species may be designated as the type of the genus.": p. 112]. • CosTA Lima 1939:105. BRAZIL: no material. • ILLIES 1966:312. • Zwick 1972a:1152, fig. 6c ($ lectotype, terminalia ventral). Lectotype designated, $: MEXICO; Berlin. • ZwiCK,1973a:485, figs. 14-15 (penis dorsal, lateral). • ZwiCK,1973b:270.^ Stark & Kondratieff 2004:6, figs. 11-15 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). GUATEMALA: El Progreso; HONDURAS: Comayagua; MEXICO: Chiapas, Guerrero, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Sonora, Veracruz.
guatemalensis {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909a):161 • Zwick 1973a:485. Synonym of A. annulicauda.
nigrocincta {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet 1841):236, partim. • {Anacroneuria} Zwick 1972a:1152. In part A. annulicauda.
sulana Needham & Broughton 1927:112. •Zwick 1972a:1152. Synonym of A. annulicauda.
annulicauda {Neoperla}; (Enderlein 1909a) (nec Pictet 1841):175, fig. 8 (contour of $ subgenital plate). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina. • KlapAlek 1922:92. Synonym of A. mollis.
annulipalpis KlapAlek 1922:91. Syntypes, 2$: PANAMA: Chiriqu^ [v. D. Weele]; Prague. •
ILLIES 1966:313. • STARK 1998:557, figs. 11-15, 137, 161-162 (head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ? , st8-9); ? lectotype designated. COSTA RICA: Alajuela, Guanacaste, Puntarenas, San Jose; PANAMA: Chiriqu^.
quadriloba; Harper 1992 (nec Jewett 1958):117. • STARK 1998:557. Synonym of A. annulipalpis Klapälek.
antica {Neoperla} (Naväs 1924b):71. Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA [PAUL Serre, 1922]; Paris. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type in Paris. • ILLIES 1966:481. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} Stark 1998:602. ? holotype severely damaged. Nomem dubium.
antizana Stark 2001a:5, figs. 1-5 (^, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ECUADOR: Napo, 6 km S Baeza, 1920 m [SITES, Linit, Nichols, 20/VII/1993]; UM.
apicalis {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909a):174, fig 11 (contour of ? subgenital plate). Holotype, ? : COLOMBIA: R^o Magdalena [E. Pehlke]; Warsaw. • Enderlein 1909b:407. [Key]. • ILLIES 1966:481. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • {Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1973a:485, fig 16 (? holotype, st8-9). • STARK, ZÜNIGA, ROJAS & Baena 1999:18.
appollinaris {Neoperla} (Naväs 1924a):250. Holotype, COLOMBIA: Meta, Villavicencio [Fr.
Apollinaire Marie, 1919]; Navas. • Aubert 1956b:440, type in Paris. • ILLIES 1966:481. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:45. Nomen dubium.
arawak Stark 1999:72, figs. 6-11 (head and pronotum; st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, SURINAM: Brokopondo, Brownsberg Naturpark, Mazaroni Plateau, 400500 m [WE Steiner, 16/VIII/1982]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?. • Stark 2000:305. GUYANA: Mazaruni-Potaro.
arcabuco Züniga & Stark 2006. In: Züniga, Stark, Väsconez, Bersosa & VIMOS 2006:45, figs. 1-4
(head and pronotum; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, COLOMBIA: Boyaca, Munidpio de Arcabuco, Quebrada Mamarranos, via Villa de Leyva-Arcabuco, 2500 m [MC
ZÜNIGA, N Aranguren, AJ Cardozo-Züniga, 01/XII/2002]; cali.
arcuata Stark 1995:224, figs. 53-56 (^, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, VENEZUELA: Aragua, Dos Riitos, 6 km N Rancho Grande [CM Flint, OS Flint, 04/II/1976]; NMNH. Paratype:
aroucana Kimmins 1948:105, figs. 1-5 (^, terminalia ventral, lateral; penis. ? , terminalia ventral). Holotype, TRINIDAD: Arouca River (HBN Hynes, 30/XI/1941]; London. Paratypes: 2?. • Hynes 1948:105, figs 1A-1H (nymph: habitus; ? terminalia ventral; mouthparts; mid-tarsus). • ILLIES 1966:313. • STARK 1994:173, figs.8-17 (head and pronotum; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ? : st8-9; egg; nymph: head and pronotum, fore femur, apical cercal segments) TRINIDAD. • STARK 1999:73. VENEZUELA: Sucre.
arrazayalensis Orce 2003:227, Figs. 1A-1E (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ARGENTINA: Salta, Finca Arrazayal, Arroyo Arrazayal, 660 m, 22°48'32"S, 64°29'34"W [Domi'nguez, Romero, Manzo, 13/XII/1999]; Tucuman.
atrifrons Klapälek 1922:89. Holotype, BRAZIL: Amazonas, St. Paul [Sao Paulo de Olivenga] [Bates]; London. • Weidner 1962:107. Four "Cotypen", in litteris, not mentioned by Klapälek 1922, Sao Paulo, Estancia Meyrink [Metz, 08/X/1895]; Hamburg. • ILLIES 1966:313. • Froehlich 2008:129, figs. 8-11 (male holotype, head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal and lateral). The in litteris "cotypes" of the Hamburg Museum (Weidner 1962) belong to A. stanjewetti.
montera Stark 1998:41. Froehlich 2008:129. Synonym of A. atrifrons Klapälek.
atrinota Jewett 1959b:107, figs 4, 4A, 4B (head and pronotum; hind leg; contour of sgp). Holotype, ? : PERU: Huanuco, Tingo Maria [EI SCHLINGER & ES
Ross, 21-31/X/1954]; CAS. Allotype, S: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 5S, 12$, Huanuco, Lambayeque. • Illies 1966:313. • STARK & Sivec 1998:4, figs 5-9, 22 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $ : st8-9). Redescription of $ holotype and S allotype.
auca STARK 2001a:6, figs. 6-10 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Pastaza, Tzapino, 32 km NE Tigueno, 400 m [J CoHEN, 25/V/1976]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2S.
aurata Jewett 1959a:153, fig 9 ($, st8-9). Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutonia [Plaumann, I/1956]; CAS. • Illies 1966:313.
aymara Stark & Sivec 1998:7, figs. 10-14 (S: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype S: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Erika, 550 m [OS Flint, N Adams, 4-6/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratype: 1S, Cusco. • Stark 2001a:7. ECUADOR: Pastaza.
azul Rojas & Baena 1999. In Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:23, figs. 26-30 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, R^o Azul, cuenca media Rio Calima, 550 m [AM Rojas, M Baena, 10/VIII/1994]; Cali. Paratypes: 6S, Valle del Cauca, Cauca. • Stark 2001a:7. ECUADOR: Pastaza, Pichincha. • ZÜnIga & STARK 2002:216, figs. 25-26 (hind femur and tibia, $ st8-9). Antioquia, Valle del Cauca. • ZÜniga, Stark, VAsconez, Bersosa & Vimos 2006:54. Antioquia. • Züniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:138. Antioquia.
badilinea Jewett 1959a:157, fig. 14 (head and pronotum). Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia [Plaumann, X/1956]; CAS. Paratypes: 15$. • Illies 1966:314. • Froehlich 2002b:75, fig. 1 [$, st8-9]. Santa Catarina. ARGENTINA: Misiones.
baniva Stark 1995:224, figs. 57-61 (S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9). Holotype S: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, R^o Cataniapo, 10 km
S Puerto Ayacucho [OS Flint, 09/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2$.
bari Stark 1995:226, figs. 62-67 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $, st8-9). Holotype S: VENEZUELA: Zulia, El Tucuco, 45 km SW Machiques [AS Menke, D Vincent, 5-6/VI/1976]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4S, 3$, Barinas, Miranda, Zulia. • STARK 1999:67. Guarico; Trujillo. • STARK 2001a:7. ECUADOR: Napo. • züniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:138. COLOMBIA: Antioquia.
baumanni Stark & Kondratieff 2004:7, figs. 16-23 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $ : st8-9; nymph: head and pronotum, forefemur, cerci). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Chihuahua, Arroyo Banderas at forks [RW Baumann, BC kondratieff, s Wells, B Sargent, 25/VI/1987]; NMNH. Paratypes: 28S, 45$, 2 nymphs.
benedettoi Stark 1998:557, figs. 16-20, 138, 163-164 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Rio Los Ahogados, 11.3 km ENE Quebrada Grande, 470 m [R Holzenthal, W Fasth, 07/III/1986]; NMNH. Paratypes: 35S, 1$. Alajuela; Guanacaste; Limon, Puntarenas, San Jose. PANAMA: Bocas del Toro. • Stark & kondratieff 2004:13, figs. 24-28 (head and pronotum, S: st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral).
HONDURAS.
bifasciata {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet 1841):230, pl.20, figs.6, 7 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded). Holotype, $: COLOMBIA [Moritz]; Berlin. • Illies 1966:498. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} Zwick 1972a:1154, fig. 6a ($ holotype, terminalia ventral, st9, inner sclerite). • Zwick 1973a:479. • ZWICK 1973b:270. • STARK 1995:239, figs. 52, 127-134 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9; egg). VENEZUELA: Aragua; Carabobo; Distrito Federal; Lara. • STARK 1999:73. Distrito Federal. • Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:18. • züniga, Stark, VAsconez, Bersosa & Vimos 2006:54. COLOMBIA: Antioquia.
biloba Klapälek 1922:92. Holotype, $: ECUADOR: Riobamba [G Rivet]; Paris. • ILLIES 1966:314. • STARK 2001a:2. Nomen dubium.
bipunctata Stark 2004:69, figs. 11-12 ($, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, $: PERU: Madre de Dios, Aguajal, Manu Biosphere Reserve, 250 m [MG POGUE, 12/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratype: 1$.
blanca Stark 1995: 213, figs. 1-11, 45 (head and pronotum; S: st9, apical cercal segments, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $ : st9; egg; nymph: head and pronotum, fore femur, apical cercal segments). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, basecamp, 140 m [D Davis, T McCabe, 1-10/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 22S, 26 $,13 nymphs. • Froehlich 2003:130. BRAZIL: Amazonas.
blanda Needham & Broughton 1927:117, pl 12, figs. 9-9B (head and pronotum, $ terminalia, wings). Holotype, $: PANAMA: Barro Colorado Island [WC Allee]; Cornell. • Jewett 1958:168. • ILLIES 1966:314. • Harper 1992:117, fig. 5 (S: penis dorsal, lateral). Colon, Panama. • Stark 1998:560, figs. 21-25, 139 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). COSTA RICA: Alajuela; Puntarenas. PANAMA: Colon, Panama. • Züniga & Stark 2002:218. COLOMBIA: Choco.
bolivari {Neoperla} (Banks 1914):611, pl. 28, fig. 1 ($ terminalia ventral). Holotype, $: COLOMBIA: Monte Socorro, 3.600 m [Fassl]; MCZ. • ILLIES 1966:481. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • {Anacroneuria} Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:18, figs. 11-14 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Antioquia, Risaralda. • Züniga & STARK 2002:218. Cauca, Valle del Cauca.
boliviensis {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909b):406 [key], 408. Syntypes, 2S: BOLIVIA: Sara (now Santa Cruz) [J Steinbach]; Warsaw. • ILLIES 1966:482. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • {Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1973a:479, figs. 3-4 (S lectotype, penis dorsal, lateral). Designated S lectotype, S paralectotype. • Stark & SiVEC
1998:7, figs. 15-16 (S lectotype, penis dorsal, lateral).
boraceiensis Froehlich 2004:54, figs. 1-7 (S: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal and lateral; $: st8, st9; egg). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Säo Paulo, Salesopolis, Estagäo Biologica de Boraceia, Rio Guaratuba [CG Froehlich, AS Melo, VR Ribeiro, 14/XII/2001]; Säo Paulo. Paratypes: 29S, 14$. • BISPO & froehlich 2004:103.
brailovskyi Stark & Kondratieff 2004:13, figs. 2933 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Veracruz, Rio Jamapa, 6 km N Coscomatepec [CM & OS flint, 26/V/1981]; NMNH. Paratypes: 5S, 1$.
brandaoi Bispo & Froehlich 2004c:193, figs. 8-12 (head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, BRAZIL, Goias, Colinas do Sul, Serra da Mesa (14° 01'S, 48° 12'W) [Silvestre, Dietz, Campaner, 2-15/XII/1995]; Säo Paulo. Paratype: 1^.
brevicollis Klapälek 1922:95. Syntypes: 1S, 1$: Most probably from BRAZIL; Vienna. • ILLIES 1966:314. • ZwiCK 1973a:486. Lectotype S designated. Synonym of A. debilis.
brunneilata Jewett 1959b:112, fig 5 ($, contour of sgp). Holotype, $: PERU: Huanuco, Tingo Mar^a [EI SCHLINGER & ES ROSS, 21-31/X/1954]; CAS. Allotype, S: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 5S, 45$, Huanuco; 6S, 3$, Lambayeque; 2$, Jun^n. Additional material: ECUADOR: Pastaza, 1$. • ILLIES 1966:314. • STARK & SiVEC 1998:7, figs. 17-21, 23 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $ : st 8 and 9). Redescription of $ holotype and S allotype.
?longicauda {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909a) (nec Pictet 1841):163. • JEWETT 1959b:113. Possible synonym.
buenoi Stark & Kondratieff 2004:14, figs. 34-38 (head and pronotum; S: st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Veracruz, Rio Jamapa, 6 km N Coscomatepec [J Bueno, 26/V/1981]; UNAM. Paratypes: 5S.
bulbosa stark & Sivec 1998:12, figs. 24-27 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: "Piches and Perene VS", 610-915 m [Sociedad Geografica de Lima]; NMNH.
cacute Stark & Maldonado 2002. In Maldonado, stark & Cressa:223, figs. 10-14 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Merida, Quebrada La Picon, 2200 m, 8°37'57"N, 71°02'12"W [B PEREZ, 23/XI/1999]; Maracay. Paratype: 1S.
cajas Züniga & Vimos 2006. In: Züniga, Stark, Väsconez, Bersosa & Vimos 2006:46, figs. 5-9 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Azuay, Parque Natural Nacional Cajas, Rio Surucucho, 15 km E of Cuenca, 3100 m, 02°50'22"C, 79°09'32"W [M.C. züniga, d. Vimos, E. Zärate, R.J. Cardoso-ZÜniga, 10/V/2003]; Cali, pro tempore. Paratypes: 25S.
calima Baena & Rojas 1999. In Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:23, figs. 31-35 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Rio Azul, 550 m, cuenca media Rio Calima [AM Rojas, M Baena, R Aldana, 11/VIII/1994]; Cali. Paratypes: 5S. • ZÜNIGA, Stark, Väsconez, Bersosa & Vimos 2006:54. Antioquia, Valle Del Cauca. • Züniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:138. Valle del Cauca.
callanga Stark & Sivec 1998:12, figs. 28-31 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, Callanga, 1300 m [F WOYTKOWSKI, 14/II/1953]; NMNH.
camposi {Neoperla}(BANKS 1920):322. Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Pichincha, Pifo [F Campos R]; MCZ. • Illies 1966:482. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • [Anacroneuria} Stark 2001a:8-9, figs. 11-14 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Redescription of holotype. • Stark & ZÜniga 2003:233, figs. 18-20 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). • Stark 2007:171. Napo.
cana Stark & Sivec 1998:12, figs. 32-36 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype S: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo to Pilcopata road, river at Puente Union, 1670 m [R Blahnik, m Pescador, 21-23/VI/1993]; NMNH.
canchi Stark & Sivec 1998:16, figs. 37-41 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype S: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza, 250 m [OS Flint, N Adams, 09/IX/1995]; NMNH.
canelo Stark 2001a:9, figs. 15-19 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Napo, Rio Jondachi, 30 km N Tena, 950 m [OS Flint, 10/IX/1990]; NMNH. Paratypes, 2S.
caraa De Ribeiro & Froehlich 2007:55, figs. 6-10 (head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, Caraa, Rio dos Sinos, 29°42'53"S, 50°17'19"W [De Ribeiro, 04. XII. 2003]; Sao Paulo.
caraca Stark 1995:228, figs. 68-77 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg; nymph, head and pronotum, fore femur, apical cercal segments). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Aragua, P.N. Henri Pittier, near El Limon, R^o Limon, 500 m [HM Savage, 10-12/XI/1979]; NMNH. Paratypes: 68S, 102?, 11 nymphs, 4 exuviae. Aragua; Barinas. • Stark 1999:73. Guarico. • Stark 2001a:10. ECUADOR: Napo. • ZÜNIGA & stark 2002:219. COLOMBIA: Magdalena, Valle del Cauca. • ZÜniga, Stark, väsconez, Bersosa & Vimos 2006:53. Antioquia, Valle del Cauca. • Züniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:138. Risaralda, Valle del Cauca.
caraja Froehlich 2002b:100, figs. 93-96 (S, head and pronotum, hammer, penis). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Para; Rio Xingu Camp (52°22'W, 3°39'S), ca. 60 km S Altamira [P Spangler, OS Flint, 1-21/X/1986]; NMNH.
carchi Stark 2001a:11, figs. 20-23 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR:
Carchi, Chical, 1250 m [J RAWLINS, M Smyers, 16/VII/1983]; Carnegie.
carole Stark 2004:70, figs. 13-14 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza, 250 m [OS Flint, N Adams, 9-23/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 3?.
cathia Froehlich 2002b:91, figs. 55-60 (^: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ? : st8-9; egg). Holotype, BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia [F Plaumann, XI/1962]; CAS. Paratypes: 1^, 5?. • De Ribeiro & Froehlich 2007:55. Rio Grande do Sul.
cayapa Stark 2001a:12, figs. 24-28 (^, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ECUADOR: Pichincha, 14 km E
Santo Domingo de los Colorados [A Langley, J COHEN, 05/VII/1975]; NMNH.
chachis Stark & Vasconez 2006. In: Züniga, Stark, Väsconez, Bersosa & VIMOS 2006:47, Figs. 10-14 (head and pronotum; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ECUADOR: Pichincha, Parroquia de Mindo, Rio Mindo, 1310 m, 00°03'59"S, 78°45'55"W [MC Züniga, JJ väsconez, RJ Cardozo-Züniga, 20/V/2003]; Cali, pro tempore. Paratype: 1^, Pastaza.
chaima Stark 1999:73, figs. 12-16 (^: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, VENEZUELA: Sucre, R^o Cocollar, 1.5 km SE Las Piedras de Cocollar, 810 m [R Holzenthal, OS flint, 7-8/IV/1995]; NMNH.
chavin Stark & Sivec 1998:16, figs. 42-45 (^, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, PERU: Huanuco, Yurac, 108 km E Tingo Maria [EI SCHLINGER, ES ROSS, 16/XI/1954]; CAS. • STARK 2004:78. Pasco.
chiapasa Jewett 1958:166, fig. 6 (st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Chiapas, El Zapote [A Dampf, 13/XI/1930]; INHS. Allotype, Same data as holotype. Paratypes: 2?. • ILLIES 1966:314. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:41. Synonym of A. planicollis.
chimborazo Stark 2001a:13, figs. 29-32 (^, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ECUADOR: Chimborazo, 7 km N. Penipe, 2340 m [OS Flint, 16/IX/1990]; NMNH. Paratype: 1^.
chipaya Stark & Sivec 1998:19, figs. 46-50 (^: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, BOLIVIA: Cochabamba, Incachaca [LE Pena, 25-31/VIII/1956]; NMNH. Paratypes: 19^, 1?. • Züniga & Stark 2002:219. COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Cauca.
chiquita STARK 1995:229, figs. 78-81 (^, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, VENEZUELA: Zulia, El Tucuco, 45 km SW Machiques [A Menke, D Vincent, 5-6/VI/1976]; NMNH.
choachi Stark & Züniga 1999. In: Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:24, figs. 36-40 (^, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca, Choachi [FR Fosberg, 17/V/1944]; NMNH.
choco STARK & Bersosa 2006. In: Züniga, Stark, väsconez, Bersosa & Vimos 2006:49, figs. 15-19 (head and pronotum; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, COLOMBIA: Choco, Municipio de Acandi, Cerro de Tripogandi, 2 km Bahia de Napu, Quebrada Coquital, 08°23'58"N, 77°08'46"W, 115 m [MP ROZO, C Camargo, VII/2000]; Cali. Paratypes: 5^, 22?; COLOMBIA: Choco, Magdalena; ECUADOR: Esmeraldas, Pichincha.
chorrera Stark 1995:230, figs. 42, 82-89 (head and pronotum; st9, paraproct, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9; egg, detail of egg). Holotype, VENEZUELA: Merida, La Chorrera Canyon, 2000 m [JB Heppner, 08/II/1978]; NMNH. Paratypes: 15^, 2?. Merida; Distrito Federal, Aragua. • STARK 1999:74. Merida; Trujillo; Tachira. • STARK & Züniga 2003:233, figs. 1-3, 21-23 (penis ventral dorsal, lateral, details). Merida.
cincta {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet 1841):229, pl. 20, fig. 5 (habitus, wings expanded). Holotype, ? : Vera Crux (MEXICO?, PANAMA?); Paris, lost. •
{Perla}HAGEN 1861:24. • {Anacroneuria} Needham & Broughton 1927:114, fig. 4 (5, subgenital plate). PANAMA: Chiriqu^. • Jewett 1958:169. Chiriqu^. • ILLIES 1966:314. • ZWICK 1972a:1155. Needham & Broughton's interpretation is uncertain. • Harper 1992:118, fig.14 (5: st8-9). Chiriqu^. • Stark 1998:551. Nomen dubium. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:1. Nomen dubium.
cipriano Züniga & Rojas 1999. In: Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:25, figs. 41-45 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Rio Azul, cuenca media R^o Calima, 550 m [AM Rojas, M Baena, R Aldana, 21/II/1994]; Cali. Paratype: 1S.
citara Stark & Ortega 2007. In: Züniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:128, Figs. 1-5 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Antioquia, Municipio de Betania, Farallones de Citara, Vereda La Oculta, Quebrada Agualinda [OE Ortega, 07/VIII/1996]; Medell^n. Paratype: 1S.
claudiae Stark 1999:74, fig. 17-21 (S: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Zulia, Rio Yasa, 3 km E Kasmera (Estacion Biologica), 150 m [R
Holzenthal, C Cressa, Rincon, 14/I/1994]; NMNH. Paratype: 1S.
cochabamba Stark 2004:71, figs. 15-19 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Prov. Caballero, Parque Nacional Amboro, 2060 m, 17°50'02"S, 64°23'05"W [S Spector, J Ledezma, 18/X/2001]; AMNH (pro tempore).
collaris {Neoperla} (Naväs 1932a):58, fig. 2 (head and pronotum). Holotype, 5: BRAZIL: Rio de
Janeiro, Barao Homem de Mello [Zikan, 03/XI/1929]; DEI. • AUBERT 1956b:440. • ILLIES 1966:482. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda]. • Petersen & Gaedike 1968:964. Female holotype in DEI. • {Anacroneuria} Stark, froehlich & züniga 2009:117.
comanche Stark & Baumann 1987:345, figs. 1-8 (S head and pronotum; terminalia lateral and dorsal; paraproct; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal).Holotype S: USA: Texas, Kendall Co., Dierks Ford [C Orchard & V Dropkin, 4/VII/1946]; Field. • STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.
contrerasi Stark & Kondratieff 2004:14, figs. 39-43 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; 5: st8-9). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Nuevo Leon, Santiago, Potrero Redondo [A Contreras-Ramos, 25/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2S, 15.
cordillera Rojas & Züniga 1999. In Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:26, figs. 51-55 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Villa Carmelo, cuenca alta, R^o Melendez, 1800 m [AM Rojas, MC züniga, C Serrato, 15/X/1991]; Cali. • züniga & STARK 2002:220. • ZüNiga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:139. Cauca
coroicana {Neoperla} (Naväs 1927):65, fig. 4 (head and pronotum]. Holotype, 5: BOLIVIA: La Paz, Coroico [In Naväs: Sutchan. Ussuri.] [Staudinger & Bang-Haas]; Navas, lost. • AUBERT 1956b:440. Type not located. • (corvicana) Illies 1966:482. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • Stark & SiVEC 1998:2. Nomen dubium.
coronata Needham & Broughton 1927:117, figs 7, 7A (S: terminalia, right wings). Holotype, S: MEXICO [Sallee]; Cornell. • ILLIES 1966:315. • STARK & kondratieff 2004:19, figs. 44-48 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; 5: s8-9). HONDURAS: Comayagua, Olancho; MEXICO: Chiapas.
coscaroni Froehlich 2002b:91, figs. 61-66 (head and pronotum; S, hammer, penial armature; 5, st8-9; egg). Holotype, S: ARGENTINA: Entre R^os; Salto Grande, R^o Uruguay [OS Flint, 16/XI/1973]; NMNH. Paratypes: 9S, 75.
cosnipata Stark & Sivec 1998:19, figs. 51-55 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal).
Holotype, S: PERU: Cusco, Llayehuyo ca. R^o Cosnipata, 1400 m [F WOYTKOWSKI, 22/XII/1951]; NMNH. • STARK 2004:78, figs. 49-50 ($, head and pronotum, st8-9). Putative $ .
costalis {Perla (Perla)}(PICTET 1841):264, pl 24, fig. 4 (habitus, wings expanded). Holotype: [MEXICO]: Vera-Cruz; Paris, lost. • {Perla} Hagen 1861:27. • {Neoperla} Enderlein 1909a [nec Pictet 1841]:177, fig. 12 (contour of $ subgenital plate). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Rio Grande do Sul. Several species, fide ZWICK 1973a. • {Perla} Illies 1966:500. [Species inquirenda]. • {Anacroneuria} ZwiCK 1973a:486. Unidentifiable, Enderlein's 1909a material comprises several species. • Stark & Kondratieff 2004:1. Nomen dubium.
costana {Neoperla} (Naväs 1924b):72. Holotype, S: COSTA RICA [PAUL Serre, 1920]; Paris. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type in Paris. • ILLIES 1966:483. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} Stark 1998:560, figs. 26-30 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). COSTA RICA: Puntarenas. • STARK & kondratieff 2004:20, figs. 49-53 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). MEXICO: Chiapas, Oaxaca, Sonora, Veracruz.
cotacachi Stark 2001a:15, figs. 33-39 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9; egg). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Pichincha, Rio Umachaca, 5 km E Nanegal, Forest Station Maquipucuna, 1250 m [OS Flint, 04-05/IX/1990]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1S, 7$.
cotopaxi STARK 2001a:17, figs. 40-43 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Cotopaxi, San Francisco de las Pampas, otonga, 2000 m [E Tapia, G Onore, C Young, 30-31/VII/1993]; Carnegie. Paratype: 1S.
crenulata Jewett 1958:171, fig 11 ($ st8-9). Holotype, $: MEXICO: Guerrero, Mexcala [13/XII/1929]; INHS. Allotype, S: Same data as holotype. Paratypes: 10S, 14$, Chiapas, Distrito Federal, Guerrero, Mexico, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Puebla, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Vera Cruz; 1S,
BELIZE; 1S, HONDURAS; 1S, 4$, PANAMA: Chiriqu^, Panama. • ILLIES 1966:315. • STARK & Baumann 1987:346, figs. 9-13 (S terminalia lateral and dorsal, st9, paraproct, penis ventral). Allotype. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.
cruza STARK 1995:231, figs. 90-96 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; nymph, head and pronotum, fore femur, apical cercal segments). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Exp. Culebra [03°33'N, 65°05'W], N Duida [J Maldonado Capriles, 7-16/IV/1950]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2 nymphs, 2 exuviae. • STARK 1999:74. VENEZUELA: Sucre; GUYANA.
cuadrada Stark 1995:233, figs. 97-100 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Merida, R^o Santo Domingo, 5 km NW Santo Domingo [CM Flint, OS Flint, 19/II/1976]; NMNH.
curiosa Stark 1998:563, figs. 31-35, 165-166 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details). Holotype S: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Maritza, R^o Tempisquito, 550 m [CM FLINT, oS FLINT, 17/VI/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 25S; Alajuela; Guanacaste. NICARAGUA: Chontales. • Züniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & ORTEGA 2007:139. COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca. flavominuta; Harper 1992:116. • Stark 1998:563. Synonym of A. curiosa.
cusi STARK 2004:71, figs. 20-24 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Prov. Caballero, Parque Nacional Amboro, 2060 m, 17°50'02"S, 64°23'05"W [S Spector, J Ledezma, 18/X/2001]; AMNH (pro tempore). Paratypes: 3S.
cuzco STARK & SIVEC 1998:19, figs. 56-60 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, pte. San Pedro, ca. 50 km NW Pilcopata, 1430 m [N Adams & al., 30-31/Vm/1989]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4S, Cusco. 2S, BOLIVIA: La Paz. • STARK 2004:78. BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz.
dampfi Jewett 1958:165, fig. 5 (st8-9). Holotype $: MEXICO: Chiapas, Finca Vergel [A. DAMPF, 29/V/1935]; INHS. Allotype, S: same data as holotype but 15/V/1935. Paratypes: 5$. • ILLIES 1966:315. • Stark 1998:582. Synonym of A. planicollis.
debilis {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet 1841):255, pl. 26, fig. 4 (habitus, wings expanded). Holotype, S: BRAZIL [Sellow]; Berlin. • {Neoperla} Enderlein 1909a [in part PiCTET 1841, fide Zwick 1973a]:173, fig. 10 (contour of $ subgenital plate). Santa Catarina. • {Neoperla} Banks 1913:85. Rondonia. • {Perla} ILLIES 1966:501. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} Zwick 1972a:1155, fig. 5b (S holotype, penis dorsal, lateral). • Zwick 1973a:486, figs. 17-18 (egg; $, st8-9). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul. • Zwick 1973b:270. • Froehlich 2002b:76, figs. 2-4 ($, st8-9 of 2 specimens; egg). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Parana, Esp^rito Santo. ARGENTINA: Misiones, Entre Rios. PARAGUAY: Paraguar^. • De Ribeiro & froehlich 2007:55. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.
brevicollis KlapAlek 1922:95. • Zwick 1973a:486. Synonym of A. debilis.
diaphana KlapAlek 1921:325. Syntypes, 3$: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul; [Stiegelmayr]; Vienna, missing. • ILLIES 1966:315.
digitata Stark 1995:234, figs. 101-107 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9; egg). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Barinas, Rio Santo Domingo [CM Flint, OS Flint, 17/II/1976]; NMNH. Paratypes: 8$.
dilaticollis {Perla} (Burmeister 1839):880. Holotype, $: BRAZIL; Halle. • {Perla (Perla)} PiCTET 1841 (partim, type):240, pl. 23, figs. 5-10 (dorsal view, wings closed, wings expanded; 2 figs. head and pronotum, 2 legs). BRAZIL; COLOMBIA; MEXICO. • {Perla} Hagen 1861:25. • {Pseudoperla} banks 1901:362. MEXICO: Morelos, Veracruz. • {Neoperla} Enderlein 1909b (probably not burmeister 1839):411. BRAZIL: Esp^rito Santo, BOLIVIA: Sara (now Santa Cruz). • {Anacroneuria} Needham & Broughton 1927 (nec burmeister 1839):117, figs. 8-8B (S: terminalia
with everted penis, t10 and paraprocts; $: st8-9). MEXICO; GUATEMALA; PANAMA; BRAZIL: Mato Grosso. • Costa Lima 1939:105. No material. • Jewett 1958 (nec Burmeister 1839):170. MEXICO: Chiapas; GUATEMALA [...possibly this name should not be used...I am following Needham and Broughton...]. • Illies 1966:315. • Zwick 1972a:1156, fig. 6e ($ terminalia). Very unprobable that dilaticollis; needham & broughton 1927 and Jewett 1958 belong to this species. • Zwick 1973b:270. Secondary citations before 1972 are questionable.
•	froehlich 2002b:78, figs. 5-6 ($ holotype, head and pronotum; egg). BRAZIL: Esp^rito Santo.
dimidiata {Neoperla} (NavAs 1916b):62. Holotype, $: COLOMBIA: La Vega [Frater Apollinaris Maria, VI/1915]; Navas, lost. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type not located. • ILLIES 1966:483. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:45. Nomen dubium.
divisa {Forquilla} (NavAs 1924b):74, fig. 13 (right wings). Syntypes: 1S, 2$: COSTA RICA [PAUL Serre, 1921]; Paris. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type in Paris. • {Anacroneuria} Illies 1966:316. • Stark 1998:563, figs. 36-40, 141, 167-168 (head and pronotum, S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details; $ : st8-9). one female syntype extant, male missing. COSTA RICA: Alajuela; Guanacaste.
dourada Jewett 1960a:1, figs. 1, 1A ($: head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, $ : BRAZIL: Goias; 24 km E Formoso [FS Truxal, 09/VI/1956]; Rio de Janeiro, missing. Allotype, S: Same data except 23/V/1956; Rio de Janeiro; missing. Paratypes: 1S, 8$. • (dousada) Illies 1966:316.
egena {Neoperla} (NavAs 1916a):26, fig. 7 (left wings). Holotype: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Nueva [Nova] Friburgo [H Ramos, XII/1911]; Navas, lost.
•	Aubert 1956b:440. Type not located. • ILLIES 1966:483. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium.
expansa KlapAlek 1923:22. Syntypes: 1$: GUATEMALA; Prague; 1$: BOLIVIA; Greifswald, missing. • ILLIES 1966:316. • Stark 1998:554. $ lectotype designated. GUATEMALA;
Prague. Synonym of Anacroneuria acutipennis.
exquisita Stark 1998:566, figs. 41-45 (^, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, COSTA RICA: San Jose, Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo, Rio Zurchi, 1650 m [R
Holzenthal, m Heyn, B Armitage, 06/VII/1986]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4^.
farallonensis Rojas & Baena 1993:25, figs. 1-6 (^, head and pronotum, fore wing, penis, segment10). Holotype, COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Penas Blancas, Parque Nacional de los Farallones, R^o Cali (03°33'N, 75°42'W), 2000 m [C Serrato, 10/IX/1991]; Cali. • Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:19. • Züniga & Stark 2002:216, figs. 27-31 (head and pronotum; ?: st8-9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Redescription. • ZÜNIGA, STARK, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & ORTEGA 2007:140. COLOMBIA: Risaralda.
fenestrata {Perla (Chloroperla)} (Pictet 1841):281, pl. 31, figs. 1-4 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded; leg; detail of wing). Holotype, COLOMBIA; Berlin. • {Neoperla} Enderlein 1909b:409. {Perla} ILLIES 1966:502. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen oblitum. • ZWICK 1972a:1157, fig. 5d (? terminalia). Holotype, Berlin. • ZwiCK 1973b:271. • STARK 1995:241, figs. 135-139 [S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal]. VENEZUELA: Merida. • STARK, ZÜNIGA, Rojas & Baena 1999:19. • Züniga, Stark, Väsconez, Bersosa & VIMOS 2006:55. COLOMBIA: Boyaca. • Züniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & ORTEGA 2007:140. Boyaca.
fiorentini De Ribeiro & Froehlich 2007:53, figs. 1-5 (S: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal and lateral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, Caraa, Rio dos Sinos, 29°42'53"S, 50°17'19"W [De Ribeiro, 04. XII. 2002]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 2S, 2?.
fittkaui Froehlich 2003:131, figs. 7-11 (S: head and pronotum, hammer, penis; ? : st8-9; egg). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Amazonas, lower Rio Negro [EJ Fittkau, 27/XI/1963]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 37S, 27?.
flavicoronata Jewett 1959b:111, figs. 3-3A (? head and pronotum; contour of subgenital plate). Holotype, ?: PERU: Huanuco, Tingo Maria [EI SCHLINGER & ES ROSS, 16/XI/1954]; CAS. Allotype, S: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 16S, 2?. • ILLIES 1966:316. • STARK & SIVEC 1998:24, figs. 6165, 71 [head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9]. Loreto. • Stark 2004:78. Pasco.
flavifacies Jewett 1958:161, fig. 1 (head and pronotum). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Mexico, Temascaltepec, Real de Arriba [HE Hinton & RL USINGER, 04/VI/1933]; CAS. • ILLIES 1966:316. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:20, figs. 54-57 (head and pronotum; S: st9; penis lateral, ventral).
flavifrons Jewett 1959b:108, figs 2, 2A (?, head and pronotum; contour of subgenital plate). Holotype, ?: PERU: Huanuco, Yurac, 108 km E Tingo Maria [EI SCHLINGER & ES ROSS, 16/XI/1954]; CAS. Allotype, S: same data as holotype. Paratype: 1 ?. Identification not certain: Ancash, Chimbote, 2S, 1?; NMNH. • ILLIES 1966:316. • STARK & SiVEC 1998:24, figs. 66-70, 72 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Redescription of ? holotype and S paratype.
flavilatera Klapälek 1922:92. Syntypes: S, ?: COLOMBIA: Bogota. [LINDIG]; Berlin, missing. • ILLIES 1966:317. • STARK, ZÜNIGA, ROJAS & BAENA, 1999:45. Nomen dubium.
flavolineata Jewett 1958:171, figs. 10, 10A (st8-9). Holotype, ?: GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, Lanquin, 300 m [RD Mitchell, 08/VI/1948]; CNHM. Paratypes: 17?, Alta Verapaz; 4?, MEXICO: Hidalgo, Vera Cruz. • ILLIES 1966:317. • STARK & kondratieff 2004:21, figs. 58-59 (?, head and pronotum, st9).
flavominuta Jewett 1958:167. Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Chiapas, Santa Ana, [A Dampf, 25/II/1931]; INHS. Allotype, S: Same data as holotype. Paratypes: 3S, 20?; Chiapas, Pueblo; 9?, GUATEMALA: Chimaltenango, Alta Verapaz, Izabal; 2S, 1?; PANAMA: Chiriqu^, Veraguas. • Illies 1966:317. • Harper 1992:116,
fig. 2 (S: penis dorsal, lateral). Male paratype of JEWETT 1958. PANAMA: Veraguas. Synonym of A. curiosa fide Stark 1998. • Stark & Kondratieff 2004:21, figs. 60-64 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). HONDURAS: Olancho; MEXICO: Chiapas, San Luis Potos^, Veracruz.
flinti STARK & SIVEC 1998:28, figs. 73-76 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Rio Manu, Limonal, 10 km N Boca Manu, 200 m [OS Flint, N Adams, 07/IX/1988]; NMNH.
flintorum Froehlich 2002b: 93, figs. 67-70 (S, head and pronotum, hammer, penial armature). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Nova Friburgo, Municipal Water Supply, 950 m [CM & OS Flint, 24/IV/1977]; NMNH. • BISPO & froehlich 2004b:99, figs. 4-10 (S head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; $ st8-9; egg). Sao Paulo. • De Ribeiro & Froehlich 2007:55. Rio Grande do Sul.
forcipata Rojas & Baena 1999. In: Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:26, figs. 51-55 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Rio Azul, 550 m, cuenca media Rio Calima [AM Rojas, M Baena, R Aldana, 21/II/1994]; Cali. • züniga & STARK 2002:220.
fulvipennis {Neoperla} (Naväs 1934b): 17. Holotype, $: COSTA RICA: San Jose [F Nevermann,
V/1930]; Hamburg.^ Weidner 1962:108. Holotype in Hamburg. • ILLIES 1966:483. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} STARK 1998:603. Holotype in fragments. Nomem dubium.
[Santos, Machado, Barros, Myriam, 8/I/1957]; Rio de Janeiro. Allotype, S:same data as holotype. Paratypes: 1S, 3$. • ILLIES 1966:317. • AVELINO-Capistrano & COSTA 2009:69. Holotype in Rio de Janeiro.
fuscescens {Neoperla} (Naväs 1927):67. Holotype, $: BOLIVIA: [LaPaz,] Coroico [Stiegelmayr & Bang-Haas]; Navas, lost. • ILLIES 1966:483. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • Stark & SiVEC 1998:2. Nomen dubium.
fuscicosta {Neoperla costalis var.} (Enderlein 1909a):178. Syntypes: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; 7S, 17$ [Lüderwaldt]; Warsaw. • {Anacroneuria} jEWETT 1959a:155, figs. 8-8A (2 specimens, head and pronotum). Santa Catarina. Partim, fide ZWICK 1973a. • JEWETT 1960b:174. Rio de Janeiro, Esp^rito Santo. Doubtfully A. fuscicosta. • {Neoperla} Illies 1966:484. Comments. Species inquirenda. • ZWICK 1973a:486, figs. 19-20 (egg, $ st9, seminal receptacle). Designated $ lectotype, $ paralectotypes. Enderlein's material includes several species. • Froehlich 2002b:78, figs. 7-11 (head and pronotum; S: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; $: st8-9). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Parana. ARGENTINA: Misiones. • De Ribeiro & froehlich 2007:55. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.
galba JEWETT 1960a:3, fig. 2 ($, st8-9). Holotype , $: BRAZIL: Goias. [Chapada dos] Veadeiros [FS Truxal, 30/IV/1956]; Rio de Janeiro; missing. Allotype, S: same data except 23/V/1956; Rio de Janeiro; missing. Paratypes: 4S, 3$. The specimens provisionally identified with this species from Esp^rito Santo, Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais very doubtfully belong to it. • ILLIES 1966:317.
fumigata Klapälek 1922:95. Syntypes: BRAZIL: Esp^rito Santo; Berlin, missing, and Klapalek; male syntype in Prague (STARK, in litteris) • Illies 1966:317.
furfurosa Jewett 1960b: 173, figs. 9-9A (head and pronotum, $ terminalia). Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro, Bom Retiro
genualis {Neoperla} (Naväs 1932a):58, fig. 3 (head and pronotum). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, Sao Martinho [Melzer, XI/1929]; DEI [lacking abdomen]. • Aubert 1956b:440: Type in Buenos Aires: no!, v.s. • ILLIES 1966:484. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • Petersen & Gaedike 1968:965. Holotype in DEI. • {Anacroneuria} Froehlich 2007:15, fig. 1 (head and
pronotum). Probably from Mato Grosso do Sul, Porto Säo Martinho.
guaikuru Froehlich 2007:19, figs. 12-14 (head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral lateral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio Salobra, 20°41'35"S, 56°44'26"W [O Froehlich, 16-21/III/2004]; Säo Paulo. Paratypes: 5S.
guambiana Züniga & Stark 1999. In: Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:27, figs. 56-60 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Cauca, Piendamo, cuenca media Rio Piendamo, 1400 m [Y Ballesteros, J Loaiza, 23/XI/1993]; Cali. Paratypes: 5S. • STARK & ZÜniga 2003: 234, figs. 5, 24-26, 42, 44 (penis ventral dorsal, lateral, detail; $ , st8-9; distribution map of guambiana complex). Cauca, Risaralda. • ZÜniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:140.
guatemalensis {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909a):161, Fig. 1 (contour of $ subgenital plate). Syntypes: 1S, 2$: GUATEMALA. 1S, 1$: MEXICO: Chiapas [L CONRADT, 01/IV/1907]; Warsaw. • ILLIES 1966:484. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • ZWICK 1973a:485. Designated $ lectotype, S paralectotype: MEXICO; 2$ paralectotypes: GUATEMALA; S paralectotype missing. Synonym of A. annulicauda.
guayaquil Züniga & Rojas 1999. In: Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:28, figs. 61-65 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Quind^o, Reserva Guayaquil, cuenca alta Rio Quind^o, 3070 m [MC züniga, am Rojas, 29/IV/1992]; Cali. • Stark 2001a:18. ECUADOR: Chimborazo.
hacha Stark 1998:568, figs. 46-50, 169-170 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details). Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Estacion Maritza, R^o Tempisquito [27/IV/1989]; NMNH. Paratypes: 31S, Guanacaste.
handlirschi Klapälek 1922: 94. Syntypes: 1S, 1$: PERU: Pichis; 3$: Marcapata; Prague. 1S: BOLIVIA: La Paz, Yungas de Coroico, [Fassl];
Vienna. • ILLIES 1966:317. • ZwiCK 1973a:483. Designated S lectotype: BOLIVIA: Yungas de Coroico. Synonym of A. angusticollis. • ZwiCK 1973b:271. • STARK & SiVEC 1998:28, figs. 77-82 [head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9]. Species propria. BOLIVIA: Cochabamba. PERU: Cusco; Madre de Dios.
harperi Stark 1998:568, figs. 51-55, 142 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: PANAMA: Alajuela [A Busck, 17/IV/1911]; NMNH. Paratypes: 3S, 2$, Alajuela; Darien. • ZÜNIGA, STARK, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:140. COLOMBIA: Choco.
sp. B harper 1992:118.
hemiphaea {Neoperla} (Naväs 1936):727. Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Hamonia [now Ibirama] [Luederwaldt, XI/1910]; Säo Paulo. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type in Säo Paulo. • ILLIES 1966:485. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda.
heppneri Stark & Sivec 1998:32, figs. 83-87 ( S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Huanuco, Tingo Mar^a, 672 m [JB Heppner, 1-6/II/1980]; NMNH.
hieroglyphica {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909a):167, fig. 5 ($ , contour of subgenital plate). Holotype, $ : ECUADOR: Balzapamba [R Haensch, 03/IX/1899]; Warsaw. Paratypes: 1 $, Balzapamba; 1$, Archidona, lost. • ILLIES 1966:485. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} ZwiCK 1973a:481, fig. 7 ($, st8-9). Holotype, $: Balzapamba. • Stark 2001a:18. Comments on ZwiCK 1973a.
holzenthali Stark 1998:568, figs. 56-60, 143, 171-172 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Parque Nacional Rincon de la Vieja, Quebrada Zapilote, 785 m [R Holzenthal, 03/III/1986]; NMNH. Paratypes: 22S, 15$, Alajuela; Guanacaste; Heredia. NICARAGUA: Chontales. • Stark & Kondratieff 2004:24, figs. 65-69 (head and pronotum; S, st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). HONDURAS: Comayagua.
hoogstraali Jewett 1958:169, figs. 9-9A (^: head and pronotum; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Nuevo Leon, Galeana, 2210 m [H Hoogstraal, 22/VII/1938]; CNHM. Allotype, ?: Same data as holotype. Paratypes: 3^, 1?. • (hoogstraati) Illies 1966:318. • ZWICK 1973b:271. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:24, figs. 70-74 (head and pronotum; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). MEXICO: Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potos^.
huayna Stark 2004:72, figs. 25-27 (^, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, PERU: Pasco, Chontilla, 22 km S Iscozazin [R ETHERIDGE, 1-15/VIII/1961]; Los Angeles.
hyalina {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet, Kollar Mss, 1841):247, pl. 21, figs. 5-8 (habitus, wings expanded, lighter variety, darker variety, head and pronotum, base of cercus). Syntypes, 2: BRAZIL; Vienna. • {Neoperla} Enderlein 1909a (nec PICTET 1841):171, fig. 9 (contour of ? subgenital plate). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul. • {Perla} Illies 1966:502. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} ZwiCK 1972a:1158, fig. 6b (?, st8-9). Remaining ? syntype in NHMW is designated lectotype for both P. hyalina and A. mollis. • ZwiCK 1973b:271.
mollis Klapälek 1922:92. • ZwiCK 1972a:1158. Synonym of P. hyalina.
annulicauda {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909a) (nec Pictet 1841):175. • Klapälek 1922:92. Synonym of A. mollis.
ignatiana {Neoperla} (Naväs 1923):43. Holotype, ARGENTINA: Misiones, ca. San Ignacio, Villa Lutecia [ER Wagner, 1911]; Paris. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type in Paris. • {Anacroneuria} Illies 1964b:231. • ILLIES 1966:486. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda.
iguaque ZüNiga & Stark 2006. In: ZüNiga, Stark, Väsconez, Bersosa & VIMOS 2006:50, figs. 20-24 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, COLOMBIA: Boyaca, Municipio de Arcabuco, R^o Cane, Via Villa de Leyva-Arcabuco, 2500 m [MC ZüNiga, N Aranguren, AJ Cardozo-ZüNiga & al., 12/XII/2002]; Cali. Paratypes: 2^.
impensa Jewett 1959a:157, fig. 12 (head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia [F Plaumann, 09/XI/1955]; CAS. Paratype: 1 ?. • ILLIES 1966:318. • Froehlich 2002b:80, figs.12-17 (? holotype: head and pronotum; st8-9; hammer, penis; egg). Santa Catarina. ARGENTINA: Misiones.
inca STARK & SIVEC 1998:32, figs. 88-92 (^, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Erika, 550 m [OS flint, N Adams, 4-6/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratype: 1^, Cusco. • Stark 2004:79, figs. 51-52 (? , head and pronotum, st8-9). Madre de Dios, putative ? .
intermixta {Perla} (Walker 1852):153. Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA; London. • ILLIES 1966:503. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen oblitum. • Kimmins 1970:343. ? holotype in London. • {Anacroneuria} Stark 1995:243. Comments.
inza ZüNiga & Stark 2002:210, figs. 1-5 (^: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, COLOMBIA: Cauca, Municipio de Inza, Quebrada San Andres de Pisimbala, 1730 m
[MC ZüNiga, F MuNoz-Quesada, JH Lopez, 20/XII/1997]; Cali. Paratypes: 4^.
iporanga BiSPO & Froehlich 2004b:103, figs. 14-18 (^: head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales, Ribeirao Ägua Comprida [PC BiSPO, VL Crisci-Bispo, 23/IX/1999]; Sao Paulo. Paratype: 1^.
iridescens Klapälek 1922:91. Syntypes: 11?: BOLIVIA: Chaco, 6?; PERU: Santo Domingo, 1800 m, 2? [V.D. WEELE]; Carabaya Limbani, 1?, [V.D. WEELE]; VENEZUELA, 2?, Selys, missing. • ILLIES 1966:318. • STARK & SiVEC 1998:35, fig.93 (? , st8-9). Designated as lectotype: ? syntype from BOLIVIA: Chaco; Prague.
isleta STARK 1994:171, figs. 1-7 (head and pronotum; egg; ?: st8-9; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, TOBAGO: 5.9 km N Roxborough, Parlatuvier Rd. C2/4, 400 m, [NE Adams & WN
Mathis, 15-16/VI/1993]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1S, 5?.
isoscelia {Nedanta} (Naväs 1932c):88, fig. 13 (head and pronotum; subgenital plate). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Boiteuxburgo, 800 m [P Missfeldt, 1929-1930]; Hamburg. • Aubert 1956b:439. Type lost. • Weidner 1962:108. Holotype in Hamburg. • ZWICK 1972a:1160. Synonym of A. longicauda.
itajaimirim Bispo & Froehlich 2004b:105, figs. 19-25 (S: head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales, Cachoeira das Pedrinhas [PC Bispo, VL Crisci-Bispo, 01/XI/2002]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 1S, 1?.
izapa Stark & Kondratieff 2004:26, figs. 75-77 (S, penis lateral. dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Chiapas, San Quint^n, Jatate River, 230 m [DW Anram, 15/III/1935]; INHS. Paratypes: 2S.
jaciara Bispo & Neves 2005. In: Bispo, P.C.; Neves, C.O; froehlich, C.G. 2005:2, Figs. 1-7 (S: head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: st8-9, egg). Holotype, BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, Jaciara, Corrego Tenente Amaral [CO Neves, 01/IX/1999]; Cuiaba. Paratypes: 44^, 69?.
jewetti stark 2001a:19, figs. 44-48 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Napo, San Francisco de Borja [P Spangler, A.Gurney, A Langley, J Cohen, 15/V/1975]; NMNH. Paratypes: 13S, Azuay; Loja; Morona Santiago; Pichincha. • ZÜNIGA & stark 2002:220. COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca. • Züniga, Stark, Väsconez, Bersosa & Vimos 2006:55, fig. 36 (?, st8-9). ECUADOR: Pichincha. • ZÜNIGA, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega2007:141. COLOMBIA: Antioquia.
jivaro Stark 2001a:20, figs. 49-53 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Canar, Rio Chaucas, 3 km N Zhud, 2910 m [OS Flint, 17/IX/1990]; NMNH. Paratypes: 3S, Canar, Azuay.
karina Stark 1999:77, figs. 22-26 (S: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Sucre, Rio Cocollar, 1.5 km SE Las Piedras de Cocollar, 810 m [R Holzenthal, OS flint, 7-8/IV/1995]; NMNH. Paratypes: 7S.
kitchensi Stark 2001a:21, figs. 54-58 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Pastaza, Puyo [P Spangler, DR Givens, 11/V/1977]; NMNH. Paratype: 1S. • Stark 2004:79, fig. 53 (?, st8-9).
kondratieffi Stark 2001a:23, figs. 59-63 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Los R^os, 56 km N Quevado, R^o Palenque Biological Station, 250 m [J Cohen, 28-29/VII/1976]; NMNH. • Stark 2007:172. Pichincha. "Although labels indicate different provinces, the holotype and the new specimen apparently come from the Rio Palenque Biological Station".
lacunaris {Neoperla} (Naväs 1934b):160, fig. 35 (forewing). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: [Pichincha], Santo Domingo de los Colorados [R Benoist, 1930]; Paris. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type in Paris. • Illies 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • Stark 2001:2. Nomen dubium.
lacunosa {Neoperla} (Naväs 1926a):14. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Bahia; [R Oberthür, 1903. Ex Coll. A David]; Paris. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type in Paris. • Illies 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda.
laminata Klapälek 1923:23. Syntypes: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul [Stiegelmayr]; Vienna, missing. • illies 1966:318.
laticeps {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909b):410. Holotype S: BRAZIL: Para; Warsaw. • Illies 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. ZwiCK 1973a:488. Synonym of Macrogynoplax guayanensis.
latissima Klapälek 1921:327. Syntypes, S: [BOLIVIA]: Chaco, 1S; Berlin; 1S, Klapälek.
COLOMBIA: 1S [Parzudacki, 1842]; Paris.*?]. • Illies 1966:318. • STARK & Sivec 1998:2. Nomen dubium.
lepida KlapAlek 1923:91. Holotype (lacking abdomen): BRAZIL: Mato Grosso; Chapada [dos Guimaraes] [A Robert, XI/1902]; London. • Illies 1966:318. • Kimmins 1970:344. Type in London.
lestagei {Peltoperla} (ŠAmal 1921):109, fig. 1 (S terminalia ventral). Two syntypes, S: PARAGUAY [D Fiebrig]; Berlin, missing. • NavAs 1921:263. Translation of ŠAmal 1921 into Latin. • Illies 1966:460. Probably Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium.
lineata {Neoperla} (NavAs 1924b):73. Holotype, S: COSTA RICA. [PAUL Serre, 1921]; Paris. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type in Paris. • Illies 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} Stark 1998:572, figs. 61-65 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). COSTA RICA: Alajuela; Guanacaste; San Jose. MEXICO: Chiapas. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:26, figs. 78-82 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). BELIZE; GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, El Peten, El Progreso, Zacapa; HONDURAS: Atlantida, Cortes, Comayagua; MEXICO: Chiapas, Michoacan, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potos^, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz.
sulana Needham & Broughton 1927:112. • Zwick 1972a:1152 Synonym of A. annulicauda. • STARK & kondratieff 2004:26. Synonym of A. lineata.
litura {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet 1841):242, pl. 24, figs. 1-3 (head and pronotum; habitus, wings closed, wings expanded). Holotype: MEXICO; Berlin. • {Perla} Hagen 1861:25. • Illies 1966:504. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen oblitum. • {Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1972a:1159, fig. 5c (S holotype, penis dorsal, lateral). • Zwick 1973b:272. • STARK & kondratieff 2004:30, figs. 83-87 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). NICARAGUA: Chontales, Estel^; HONDURAS: Atlantida, Olancho; BELIZE; MEXICO: Chiapas, Guerrero, Morelos, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas.
comanche Stark & Baumann 1987:345. • Stark & kondratieff 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.
crenulata Jewett 1958:171. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.
proxima KlapAlek 1923:21. • Stark & Kondratieff 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.
llana Stark 1995:234, figs. 108-111 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Bolivar, La Escalera, 108 km S Rio Cuyuni [CM Flint, OS Flint, 11-12/II/1976]; NMNH. • STARK 1999:77, fig. 64 ($: st8-9). GUYANA.
longicauda {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet 1841):238, pl. 23, figs 1-4 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded; head and pronotum; base of cercus). Holotype, $: BRAZIL [VON Langsdorff]; Berlin. • (Neoperla} Enderlein 1909a (nec Pictet 1841, fide Zwick 1972a):163, fig. 2 (contour of $ subgenital plate). ECUADOR: Balzapamba, Banos. • {Perla} Illies 1966:504. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • (Anacroneuria} Zwick 1972a:1160, fig. 5d ($ holotype: terminalia ventral). • ZWICK 1973b:272.
isoscelia {Nedanta} (NavAs 1932c):88. • Illies 1966:341. Synonym of Kempnyia varipes. • ZWICK 1972a:1160. Synonym of A. longicauda.
longinqua {Neoperla} (NavAs 1911):226, fig. 5 (right wings). Holotype, $: ECUADOR: Loja [A POUJADE, 1909]; Paris. • AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Paris. • Illies 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • Stark 2001a:2. Nomen dubium.
loreto STARK & ZÜniga 2001. In: STARK, ZÜniga & Sivec 2001:120, figs. 1-3 (head and pronotum, forewing, terminalia ventral). Holotype, $: PERU: Loreto, ca. Nauta [W Reeves, 22/III/2001]; NMNH.
lupaca STARK & Sivec 1998:35, figs. 94-98 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza, 250 m [OS Flint & N Adams, 9-14/IX/1988]; NMNH.
luteicollis {Perla} (Walker 1852):154. Holotype, $:
VENEZUELA; London • {Macrogynoplax} Klapälek 1916:73. • ILLIES 1966:344. • KIMMINS 1970:344. 5 holotype in London. • STARK & ZWICK 1989:247. Probably not Macrogynoplax. • {Anacroneuria} Froehlich 2008:128, figs 5-7 (female holotype, head and pronotum, sterna 8-9, terminalia lateral). It does not belong to Macrogynoplax, position uncertain, transferred provisionally to Anacroneuria.
magnirufa Jewett 1958:162, figs. 3, 3A, 3B (5: head and pronotum, st8; S hind leg). Holotype, 5: PANAMA, Chiriqu^, El Volcan [Gertsch & LUTZ, 26/II/1936]; AMNH. Allotype, S: HONDURAS [W VON Hagen, 1940]. Paratype: 1S: HONDURAS. • ILLIES 1966:318. • STARK 1998:572, figs. 66-70, 144, 155, 173-174 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details of penis; 5 : st8-9). COSTA RICA: Alajuela; Guanacaste; Puntarenas. PANAMA: Chiriqu^.
major Stark 2001a:24, figs, 64-68 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Azuay, R^o Llavinco, 16 km W. Cuenca, 3010 m [OS Flint, 18/IX/1990]; NMNH.
makushi Stark 1999:77, figs. 27-31 (S: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: GUYANA: Kanuku Mountains, Moco Moco River [OS Flint, 29/IV/1995]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2S.
manauensis Ribeiro-Ferreira 2001. In: Ribeiro-Ferreira & froehlich 2001:189, figs. 5-10 (S: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; 5: st 8-9). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Amazonas; Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke [UC Barbosa, 01/I/1989]; Manaus. Paratypes: 1S, 35. • Froehlich 2003:130. Amazonas. • RIBEIRO & Rafael 2009:5, figs. 6-10, 26-35 (male habitus, female habitus, head and pronotum, forewing, hindwing; male: terminalia ventral; hammer ventral, lateral; paraproct; penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; female: sterna 6-8, sterna 910, vaginal sclerite). Male and female redescribed. • Ribeiro, J.M.F.; Magalhäes, C.; Rafael, J.A.;
Henriques, A.L. 2009:34. Holotype in Manaus.
marca Stark 1998:575, figs. 71-75, 145, 175-176 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details of penis; 5: st8-9). Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: Heredia, Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo, R^o Peje, 480 m [R Holzenthal, R Blahnik, F MuNoz, 29/V/1990]; NMNH. Paratypes: 9S, 185, Alajuela; Cartago; Puntarenas; San Jose.
marginata Stark 1998:578, figs. 76-80, 177-178 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis, details of penis). Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Maritza, Rio Tempisquito, 550 m [CM flint, OS Flint, R Holzenthal, 17/VI/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 8S, Guanacaste.
maritza Stark 1998:578, figs. 81-85, 146, 151-152 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; 5 : st8-9; nymph: head and pronotum, fore femur). Holotype, COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Estacion Maritza, Rio Tempisquito [11/II/1989]; NMNH. Paratypes: 24S, 55.
marlieri Froehlich 2001 (partim, S). In: Ribeiro-Ferreira & froehlich 2001:191, figs.11-16 (S: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; 5, st8-9). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Amazonas; Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke [Marlier, 20/X/1963]; Illies, lost. Paratypes: 3 5,which belong to A. amazonica Froehlich 2003, q.v. • Froehlich 2003:130, figs. 1-3 (S: head and pronotum; 5: st8, st9). Amazonas • RiBEiRO & Rafael 2009:7, figs. 11-15, 36-45 (male habitus, female habitus, head and pronotum, forewing, hindwing; male: terminalia ventral; hammer ventral, lateral; paraproct; penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; female: sterna 7-8, sterna 9-10, vaginal sclerite). Neotype, male: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, Igarape Ipiranga [Vidal J & Vidal J, 31/XII/2002]; Manaus. Neotype described, female redescribed. • Ribeiro, J.M.F.; Magalhäes, C.; Rafael, J.A.; Henriques, A.L. 2009:34. Neotype in Manaus.
marshalli Stark 2007:172, Figs. 1-5 (head, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S:
ARGENTINA: Salta, 15 km W Chicoana, Canyado Gotera [SA Marshall, II/1992]; Guelph.
marta Züniga & Stark 2002:210, figs. 6-9 (S: st 9, penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Magdalena, Don Diego, 30 m [VII]; Carnegie. • ZüNiga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:141, figs. 39-40 ($: st9; nymph: head and pronotum).
media {Neoperla} (NavAs 1915):151. Holotype, $: ECUADOR: Pastaza; Navas, lost. • Aubert 1956b:441. Type not located. • ILLIES 1966:488. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • Stark 2001a:2. Nomen dubium.
Para; Japagos (sic) [Tapajos] and Santarem [Bates]; London. • Illies 1966:319. • Kimmins 1970:345. [S lectotype, 1S paralectotype, Froehlich designated i.l., 1968]; London. • Ribeiro-Ferreira & froehlich 2001:188, figs. 1-4 (S: head and pronotum, penis lateral, ventral; $: st8-9). Amazonas. • Froehlich 2002b:80, figs. 1821 (S, head and pronotum, hammer, penis). Amazonas. • Ribeiro & Rafael 2009:2, figs. 1-5, 16-25 (male habitus, female habitus, head and pronotum, forewing, hindwing; male: terminalia ventral; hammer ventral, lateral; paraproct; penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; female: sterna 7-8, sterna 910, vaginal sclerite). Male and female redescribed from new material.
melzeri {Neoperla} (NavAs 1932a):59, fig. 4 (head and pronotum). Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, Sao Martinho [Melzer, XI/1929]; DEI. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type in Berlin. • ILLIES 1966:488. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • Petersen & Gaedike 1968:966. $ holotype in DEI. • {Anacroneuria} Froehlich 2007:16, figs 2-3 (head and pronotum, st8-9). Probably from Mato Grosso do Sul, Porto Sao Martinho.
menuda Stark 1995:236, figs. 112-116 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Rio Agua Blanca, 29 km S Puerto Ayacucho [P Spangler, W SANCHEZ, 20/II/1986]; NMNH.
meta Stark & ZüNiga 1999. In: Stark, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena 1999:29, figs. 66-70, 140 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Meta, Quebrada Blanca, 3 km W Restrepo [OS Flint, 11/II/1983]; NMNH. Paratype: 1$.
mindo ZüNiga & VAsconez 2006. In: ZüNiga, Stark, VAsconez, Bersosa & VIMOS 2006:51, figs. 25-29 (head and pronotum; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Pichincha, Parroquia Mindo, R^o Mindo, 1310 m, 00°03'59"S, 78°45'55"W [MC ZÜNIGA, JJ VAsconez, RJ Cardozo-ZüNiga, 20/V/2003]; Cali, pro tempore.
minuta KlapAlek 1922:89. Holotype, S: BRAZIL:
mixteca Stark & Kondratieff 2004:32, figs. 88-92 (S: head and pronotum; st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Oaxaca, 145 km N Oaxaca [J.E.H. Martin, 22/V/1969]; Ottawa.
moche Stark & Sivec 1998:38, figs. 99-102 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: San Martin, Hera, 15 km SE Myobamba, R^o Mayo-Rio Jera junction. [F Woytkowski, 03/VI/1947]; NMNH. Paratype: 1S, Huanuco.
mochica Stark & Sivec 1998:38, figs. 103-107 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza, 250 m [OS Flint, N Adams, 14-23/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratype: 1S. • Stark 2004:79, fig. 54 ($, st8-9). Putative $.
mollis KlapAlek 1922:92. Perla hyalina Pictet 1841:249. (partim). Syntypes: BRAZIL: Esp^rito Santo; 4 damaged $; Berlin; 1$ Rio de Janeiro; Teresopolis, [27/IX/1897]; London; 1$, Teresopolis [22/IX/1897]; Greifswald. • ILLIES 1966:319. • Zwick 1972a:1158. Synonym of Anacroneuria hyalina.
montera Stark & Sivec 1998:41, figs. 108-113 (head and pronotum; S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype S: PERU: Loreto, Iquitos [FJ Hermann, 16/IV/1944]; NMNH. Paratype: 1$. • Stark, ZÜNIGA & SiVEC 2001:121. COLOMBIA: Amazonas. PERU: Loreto. • Stark 2004:80. •
STARK, Züniga & SIVEC 2001:121. Froehlich 2008:129. Synonym of A. atrifrons.
CO-1 STARK, züniga, ROJAS & baena 1999:42. • STARK, züniga & SiVEC 2001. Belongs to A. montera.
morena Stark & Züniga. In: Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:30, figs. 71-75 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype S; COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca, Zipaquira-Pacho [JA Ramos, 06/III/1965]; NMNH.
morio {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet 1841):272, pl. 30, figs. 1-5 (habitus, wings closed; habitus, wings expanded; leg; part of cercus; right fore wing). Holotype S: COLOMBIA [Moritz]; Berlin. • {Perla} Illies 1966:505. Perhaps a Notonemourinae. Nomen oblitum. • {Anacroneuria} Zwick 1972a:1162. • Zwick 1973b:272. • Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena, 1999:45. Nomen dubium. • Froehlich 2008:129. Position uncertain, probably not Anacroneuria.
muesca Stark 1995:236, figs. 122-126 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Aragua, Est. Exp. Cataurito, 32 km E Villa de Cura [OS Flint, 28/I/1983]; NMNH. • Maldonado, Stark & Cressa 2002:225, figs. 15-17 (nymph: head and pronotum, terminalia, fore femur, cercus). Merida. • Stark & ZüNiga 2003:235, figs. 27-29 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral).
munchique ZüNiga & Stark 2002:211, figs. 10-14 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Cauca, Parque Natural Nacional Munchique, La Romelia, 63 km W Popayan, Quebrada San Julian, cuenca alta del R^o San Joaqu^n, 1930 m [MC ZÜNIGA, RJ Cardoso-ZüNiga, g Millän, Y Guzman, 5-7/IV/1998]; Cali. Paratypes: 27S: Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Risaralda. • ZüNiga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:142. Caldas, Risaralda.
naomi Needham & Broughton 1927:115, pl 12, figs. 6, 6A (wings; $ terminalia). Holotype, $: GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, Senahu [CHAMPION]; Cornell. • JEWETT 1958:162. GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz. Description of $
and doubtful S. • Illies 1966:319. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:33, figs. 93-97 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). GUATEMALA; MEXICO: Oaxaca.
nazca Stark & Sivec 1998:41, figs. 114-117 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Junin, Tarma, Utcuyacu, Agua Dulce, 1600-2400 m [F WOYTKOWSKI, 02/III/1948]; NMNH.
nigrocincta {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet, partim, 1841):236, pl.22, figs.5-8 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded, head and pronotum, base of cercus). Syntypes: 1S, 2$, MEXICO; Berlin, 1 ?; Paris. • {Perla} Hagen 1861:24. • {Pseudoperla} Banks 1901:362. MEXICO: Morelos, Veracruz. • {Neoperla} Enderlein 1909b (nec Pictet 1841):413. 1S, COLOMBIA: Tolima, Natagaima. • {Anacroneuria} Needham & Broughton 1927 (nec PICTET 1841, fide ZwiCK 1972a):113, figs. 3-3B (S: st9; $ : subgenital plate, st9, 2 specimens). MEXICO; GUATEMALA; NICARAGUA; COSTA RICA; BELIZE; BRAZIL: Mato Grosso; Rio de Janeiro. • CoSTA Lima 1939:105. BRAZIL: no material. • jEWETT 1958 (nec PiCTET 1841, fide ZWICK 1972a):164. MEXICO; GUATEMALA; uncertain: COSTA RICA, PANAMA. • ILLIES 1966:319. • ZwiCK 1972a:1162, fig. 6f ($ lectotype, terminalia ventral). Lectotype designated, $: MEXICO; Berlin. Synonym of A. annulicauda, partim, as one $ syntype is not nigrocincta. The S syntype is missing. • ZwiCK 1973b:272. MEXICO; previous records of other areas are uncertain! • STARK & kondratieff 2004:33.
nigrolineata Jewett 1958:163, figs. 4, 4A, 4B (head and pronotum, st8, hind leg). Holotype, $: MEXICO; INHS.Paratype: 1$. • ILLIES 1966:319. • STARK & kondratieff 2004:33, figs. 98-102 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). MEXICO: Guerrero, Sonora.
novateutonia Jewett 1959a:158, figs. 6, 6A ($, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia [Plaumann, I/1956]; CAS. Allotype, S: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 4S, 147$. • ILLIES 1966:320. • froehlich 2002b:82, figs. 22-26 (S, hammer,
penis dorsal, lateral; ? : st8-9; egg). Santa Catarina, Parana; ARGENTINA: Entre R^os, Misiones.
ocellata {Neoperla} (Naväs 1926b):90, fig. 5 (head and pronotum). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Cali [Stiegelmayr & Bang-Haas]; Navas, lost. • Aubert 1956b:441. Type not located. • ILLIES 1966:489. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • {Anacroneuria} Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena, 1999:46. Nomen dubium.
ochracea Klapälek 1923:23. Syntypes: 1 ?: MEXICO: Hurrhi Huitle [BILIMEK, 1871]; Vienna; 1?: Nexaca; DEI. • Illies 1966:320. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:1. Nomen dubium.
oculatila Jewett 1959a:152, figs 5, 5A (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutonia [Plaumann, XI/1956]; CAS. Allotype, S: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 5S, 15?. • ILLIES 1966:320. • froehlich 2002b:83, figs. 27-31 (S: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ? : st8-9; egg). Santa Catarina. ARGENTINA: Misiones.
ofaye Froehlich 2007:16, figs. 4-9 (S: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ? : head and pronotum, st8-9; egg). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso do Sul, Costa Rica, Fazenda Santo Antonio [SA Vanin, 21-27/X/1984]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 1S, 3?.
ohausiana {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909a):164, fig. 3 (?, contour of subgenital plate). Syntypes: 1S, 1?: ECUADOR: Loja. [Ohaus, 19/VIII/1905]: Warsaw. • {Anacroneuria} Jewett 1959b:110. ECUADOR: Cuenca, El Oro; PERU: Huanuco; Cusco. • {Neoperla} Illies 1966:489. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} ZWICK, 1973a:487, figs. 21, 22 (S, penis dorsal, lateral). Designated S lectotype; ? syntype may belong to another species. Comments on Jewett 1959b. • Stark 2001a:25. Comments on ZwiCK 1973a.
longicauda {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909a):163 (partim). 2S: ECUADOR: Banos. • ZwiCK 1973a:487. Belongs to A. ohausiana.
olmec STARK & kondratieff 2004:37, figs.103-107 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Veracruz, Fortin de las Flores, Cerveceria Moctezuma [D Rabago, 26/VI/1964]; Gainesville. Paratypes: 26S, 150?; Puebla, Veracruz.
oreja Züniga & Stark 1999. In: Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:31, figs. 76-80 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Rio Azul, cuenca media R^o Calima, 550 m [AM RojAS, M Baena, R Aldana, 21/II/1994]; Cali. • ZÜNIGA, STARK, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & ORTEGA 2007:142. Antioquia.
orphana {Neoperla} (Naväs 1918):84. Holotype (lacking terminalia): ARGENTINA: Misiones; La Plata. • Aubert 1956b:441. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata). • {Anacroneuria} Illies 1964b:230. Type in bad condition. • ILLIES 1966:489. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium.
otun STARK & ZÜNIGA 2007. In: ZÜNIGA, STARK, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & ORTEGA 2007:129, figs. 6-10 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Municipio de Pereira, Parque Nacional Natural Los Nevados, El Jordan, Rio Otun headwater basin, 3100 m, N 04° 42' 32", W 75° 29' 37" [MC ZÜNIGA, W CARDONA, G Zabala, Cardozo-ZÜNIGA, 27-28/VI/2006]; Cali. Paratypes: 3S.
pacaje Stark & Sivec 1998:41, figs. 118-121 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: BOLIVIA: La Paz, Yungas, Rio Mururrata to Suapi, 1400-1600 m [LE PENA, 28/XI/1984]; NMNH.
pachacuti Stark & Sivec 1998:45, figs. 122-126 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, S: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, pte. San Pedro, 1600 m [OS Flint, N Adams, 02-03/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2S, Cusco; 3S, Junin; 1 S, BOLIVIA, Cochabamba; 41S, La Paz.
pacifica Rojas & Baena 1999. In: Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:32, figs. 81-85 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Alto Anchicaya, 700 m [AM Rojas, A Ramos, 12/V/1994]; Cali. Paratypes: 3S. • Stark & ZÜNIGA 2003:235, figs. 30-32 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). • ZüNiga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:142. Antioquia, Valle del Cauca.
paez ZÜNIGA & Stark 1999. In: Stark, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena 1999:33, figs. 86-90 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Cauca, Caldono, cuenca media Rio Ovejas, 1430 m [Y Ballesteros, J Loaiza, 15/IX/1993]; Cali. Paratype: 1S.
paisa ZÜNIGA & Stark 2006. In: ZüNiga, Stark, Väsconez, Bersosa & Vimos 2006:52, figs. 30-34 (head and pronotum; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Antioquia, Munic^pio de Medell^n, Parque Ecologico Piedras Blancas, Quebrada Matasano, 2350 m, 06°16'22"N, 75°30'06"W [MC ZÜNIGA, JA Posada, AJ Cardozo-ZÜNiga, 13/X/2002]; Cali. • ZÜNiga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:143.
pakitza Stark & Sivec 1998:45, figs. 127-132 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, S: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza [OS Flint, N Adams, 14-23/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 9S, 2?, Madre de Dios; Cusco.
paleta Stark 1995:236, figs. 122-126 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Merida, 4 km S Santo Domingo [CM Flint, OS Flint, 19-23/II/1976]; NMNH. Paratypes: 6S, Merida, Barinas. • Stark 1999:80. Trujillo. • Stark, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena 1999:41, figs. 134-139 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9, as A. sobra). COLOMBIA: Santander. • Maldonado, stark & Cressa 2002:227, figs. 18-20 (Nymph: head and pronotum, terminalia, forefemur, cercus). Merida.
pallens Klapälek 1922:93. Syntypes 1S, 1?: COLOMBIA: Bogota [LINDIG]; Berlin, now Prague. • Illies 1966:320. • Stark, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena 1999:20, figs. 15-19 (S: st9, penis ventral, lateral,dorsal; ? : st 8). Male lectotype, ? paralectotype designated.
pallida Jewett 1958:161, fig. 2 (?, st8-9). Holotype, ?: GUATEMALA: Chimaltenango, Yepocapa, 1460 m [RL Wenzel, 12/V/1948]; Field. Paratypes: 4?. Chimaltenango, Zacapa; MEXICO: Chiapas.
• Illies 1966:320. • Harper 1992:117, fig. 6 (putative S: penis dorsal, lateral). PANAMA: San Blas. • stark & Kondratieff 2004:38, figs. 108109 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Unlikely that the "putative male" of Harper 1992 is A. pallida.
pareja Stark & Kondratieff 2004:38, figs. 110-114 (S: head and pronotum; st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Chiapas, San Cristobal [D Kritsch, 24/VII/1969]; Ottawa. Paratype: 1S.
paria Stark 1999:80, figs. 32-37, 54 (head and pronotum, forewing; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Sucre, R^o Cocollar, 1.5 km SE Las Piedras de Cocollar, 810 m [R Holzenthal, OS Flint, 7-8/IV/1995]; NMNH. Paratypes: 18?.
parilobata Klapälek 1922:90. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Bahia [V.D. Weele]; Prague. • Illies 1966:320.
parva Stark 2001a:25, figs, 69-73 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Napo, 5 km N Lago Agrio [A Langley, 26/IX/1975]; NMNH.
pastaza Stark 2001a:26, figs. 74-80 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Pastaza, Rio Cononaco, 113 km SE Limoncocha [J Cohen, 28/V/1976]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1S, 2?, Pastaza; Napo. • Froehlich 2003:130, figs. 4-6 (?: head and pronotum, st8-9; egg). BRAZIL: Amazonas. • Bispo & froehlich 2004 c:192, figs. 1-7 (^: head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral lateral; ?: st 8-9, egg). BRAZIL: Goias.
pastora Stark & Cardona 2007. In: Züniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:129, figs. 11-15 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Municipio de Pereira, Parque Regional Natural Ucumar^, Estacion La Pastora, R^o Otun headwater basin, 2400 m, N 04° 42' 32", W 75° 29' 37" [MC ZÜNIGA, W CARDONA, G ZABALA, C CULTID, 11/III/2007]; Cali.
paulina {Coeloperla} (Naväs 1936):728, fig. 16 (head and pronotum, st9). Holotype, $ : BRAZIL: Säo Paulo; Alto da Serra [R. Spitz, XI/1928]; Säo Paulo. • Aubert 1956b:441. Type in Säo Paulo. • ILLIES 1966:475. Genus nomen dubium; species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} Froehlich 2004:56, figs. 8-15 (S: head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, lateral, ventral; $ : st8, st9, contour of subgenital plate of second $ ).
payagua Froehlich 2007:22, figs 15-20 (S: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; $ : head and pronotum, st8-9; egg). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio Salobra, 20°41'35"S, 56°44'26"W [O froehlich, 16-21/III/2004]; Säo Paulo. Paratypes: 14$.
pehlkei {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909a):170, fig. 7 (contour of $ subgenital plate) Holotype, $ : COLOMBIA: [Tolima], Natagaima [E Pehlke]; Warsaw. • {Anacroneuria} (pehlke) Jewett 1959b [not Enderlein 1909a, fide ZWICK 1973a]:106 fig 1, 1A (head and pronotum; hind leg). PERU: Huanuco, Tingo Mar^a.• Illies 1966:321. • ZwiCK 1973a:482, fig. 10 ($ holotype, st8-9). • STARK, ZÜNIGA, Rojas & Baena 1999:20. Comments.
pellucida Klapälek 1922:94. Syntypes: 3$: PERU: Vilcanota and Marcapata; Klapalek; 3S: BOLIVIA: Chaco; Berlin [missing]; 2$: Rio Juntas, Greifswald [missing]. • ILLIES 1966:321. • STARK & SIVEC 1998:48, fig. 133 ($ syntype, Prague, st8-9).
pequena Stark 1995:215, figs. 12-18, 46, 49 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal, detail of penis; $ : st8-9; egg, detail of egg). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de
la Neblina, basecamp, 140 m [D Davis, T McCabe, 1-10/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes:
11S, 12$.
perija Stark 1999:80, figs. 38-42 (head and pronotum; S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Zulia, Parque Nacional Perija, R^o Negro, Toromo, 360 m [R
Holzenthal, C Cressa, Rincon, 15/I/1994]; NMNH.
perplexa Stark 1998:582, figs. 86-90, 179-180 (S: head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details of penis). Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: Limon, Rio Barbilla, ca. 8 km W B-line, 30 m [R Holzenthal, J Morse, W Fasth, 31/I/1986]; NMNH. Paratypes: 13S: Limon; Puntarenas; San Jose. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:38, figs. 115119 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). BELIZE, GUATEMALA: Izabal; HONDURAS: Atlantida, Comayagua, Cortes; MEXICO: Chiapas, Tabasco. dilaticollis; Needham & Broughton 1927 (not Burmeister 1839):117, partim. Fide Stark & kondratieff 2004:38.
perpusilla Klapälek 1921:326. Holotype, S: PERU: Marcapata; Prague. • Illies 1966:321. • STARK & SiVEC 1998:48, figs. 134-137 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype redescribed. PERU: Madre de Dios.
peruviana {Neoperla} (Naväs 1915):150. Holotype, $: PERU: Loreto, Iquitos, Beloco [A CABRERA , V/1912]; Navas, lost. • AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. • Illies 1966:489. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • Stark & SiVEC 1998:2. Nomen dubium.
petersi Froehlich 2002b:97, figs. 77-81 (S: head and pronotum, hammer, penis; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Säo Paulo; Santo Andre, Estagäo Biologica de Paranapiacaba [CG Froehlich, 15/X/1963]; Säo Paulo. Paratypes: 1S, Säo Paulo; 1$, Parana. • Froehlich 2004:58. • BISPO & froehlich 2004b:102, figs. 11-13 (penis dorsal, ventral, lateral).
phantoma {Neoperla} (Banks 1914):609. Holotype, S: GUYANA: Mallali [PARISH, March]; MCZ. • ILLIES 1966:490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} Stark 1999:83, figs. 43-47 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). GUYANA.
pictipes Klapälek 1923:21. Holotype, 5: BRAZIL: Amapa, Alto Rio Calgoene (as Haut-Carsevenne, Guyane) [F. Geay, 1898]; Paris, now in Prague. • ILLIES 1966: 321. • Stark 1999:83, figs. 48-53, 55 (S, head and pronotum, forewing, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; 5 holotype, st8-9). GUYANA.
pinza STARK 1995:216, figs. 19-25 (head and pronotum; S: st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; 5: st8-9; egg). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Camp IV, 760 m [OS flint, 15-18/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 7
S, 105.
pistacina {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909a):166, fig. 4 (5, contour of subgenital plate). Syntypes, 25 [1 as S]: ECUADOR: Balzapamba [R Haensch]; Warsaw. • Enderlein 1909b:406. Key. • ILLIES 1966:490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium.
•	{Anacroneuria} ZWICK, 1973a:481, fig. 6 (5, st8-9). Designated 5 lectotype, 5 paralectotype. • Stark 2001a:27. Comments on ZwiCK 1973a.
plagata {Neoperla} (Naväs 1926b):91, fig. 6 (head and pronotum). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Agnatal
[Stiegelmayr & Bang-Haas]; Navas, lost. • Aubert 1956b:441. Type not located. • (plagiata) ILLIES 1966: 490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • Stark, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena, 1999:46. Nomen dubium.
planada Baena & Rojas 1999. In: Stark, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena 1999:34, figs. 91-95 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Narino, Reserva Natural La Planada, 1400 m [F Escobar, IV/1994]; Cali. Paratypes: 1S, Narino; 1S, Valle del Cauca.
•	STARK 2001:27. ECUADOR: Napo. Describes 5.
•	ZÜNiga & STARK 2002:221. COLOMBIA: Narino.
planicollis Klapälek 1923:22. Syntypes: 4S, 35: MEXICO: Sierra do Naya [=de Napa] [L Diguet, 1898]; Vienna; Paris; Brussels. 15: COSTA RICA: San Mateu; Berlin. • ILLIES 1966:321. • STARK 1998:582, figs. 91-95, 147 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; 5 : st8-9). of extant syntypes, one S designated as lectotype, 1 5 as paralectotype: MEXICO; Prague. COSTA RICA: Monteverde; Alajuela; Puntarenas. MEXICO. NICARAGUA: Nueva Segovia. PANAMA: Chiriqu^. • STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:41, figs. 120-124 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; 5 : st8-9). BELIZE; GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, El Progreso, Chiquimula; MEXICO: Chiapas, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potos^, Sinaloa, Veracruz.
chiapasa Jewett 1958:172. • STARK 1998:582. Synonym
of A. planicollis. dampfi Jewett 1958:165. • Stark 1998:582. Synonym
of A. planicollis. quadriloba Jewett 1958:166 (partim) • STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004. The S allotype is A. planicollis.
plaumanni Jewett 1959a:154, fig. 13 (5 head and pronotum). Holotype, 5: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutonia [Plaumann, XI/1955]; CAS. Allotype, S: same data as holotype but X/1956. Paratypes: 25. • ILLIES 1966:321. • Froehlich 2002b:85, figs. 32-38 (S allotype, head and pronotum; S: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; 5 holotype, st8-9; A. ampla, 5 holotype, st8-9; egg.). Santa Catarina. ARGENTINA: Misiones. • De Ribeiro & froehlich 2007:56. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul. ampla Jewett 1959a:156. • Froehlich 2002b:85. Synonym of A. plaumanni.
plutonis {Neoperla} (Banks 1914):610, pl. 28, fig. 10 (5 , contour of subgenital plate). Holotype, 5 : COSTA RICA: [Guanacaste] La Trinidad, [Alajuela] Turrucares and [Cartago] Oros^ [Garlepp]; MCZ. • ILLIES 1966:490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} STARK 1998:583, figs. 96-100, 148, 157, 181-182 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details of penis; 5: st8-9). COSTA RICA:
Alajuela; Cartago; Guanacaste; Puntarenas; San Jose.
tristani {Forquilla} (Naväs 1932d):29. • Stark 1998:583. Synonym of A. plutonis.
polita {Perla}(BURMElSTER 1839):879. Holotype, ^ (not ?): BRAZIL; Halle. • {Perla (Perla)} PICTET 1841:271, pl. 28, figs. 5-9 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded; leg, part of cercus, right fore wing). • {Perla} Illies 1966:507. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium et oblitum. • {Anacroneuria} ZwiCK 1972a:1163, fig. 5a (^ holotype, penis dorsal, lateral, ventral). • ZwiCK 1973b:272. • Froehlich 2002b:85, figs. 39-44 (^ holotype, head and pronotum; hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ? : st8-9; egg). Santa Catarina; Parana. ARGENTINA: Misiones. • Froehlich 2004:58. Sao Paulo. • BISPO & Froehlich 2004b:98, figs. 1-3 (penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Sao Paulo.
portilla STARK & Rojas 1999. In: STARK, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena 1999:35, figs. 96-100 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, COLOMBIA: Cauca, 18 km N Popayan, 1800 m [JF CLARKE, 26/I/1959]; NMNH. Paratype: 1^. • STARK 2001a:28. ECUADOR: Loja; Napo; Pichincha. • ZÜNiga & STARK 2002:221. COLOMBIA: Cauca. • ZÜNIGA, STARK, VÄSCONEZ, Bersosa & VIMOS 2006:56, fig. 37 (putative ?, st8-9). Valle del Cauca, Cauca.
posticata {Neoperla} (Banks 1913):85. Holotype: BRAZIL: Rondonia; Abuna, Rio Madeira [Mann]; MCZ. • (postica) Illies 1966:490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda.
profunda {Neoperla} (Naväs 1921):262. Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Mendoza [Matilde Bruch, III/1918]; Navas, lost. • AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. • {Anacroneuria} Illies 1964b:231. • Illies 1966:490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium.
proxima Klapälek 1923:21. Syntypes: 1^, 1?: COSTA RICA: Surrubres; DEI; 1 ?, MEXICO; Berlin. • ILLIES 1966:322. • STARK 1998:603. Syntypes missing. Nomen dubium. • Stark & SiVEC
2001:36, figs. 1-2 (head and pronotum, st8-9). Lectotype designated, ? from MEXICO; Prague.
• STARK & Kondratieff 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.
dilaticollis {Perla} (Pictet 1841):240 (partim). Fide Klapälek 1923:21.
crenulata Jewett 1958:171. • STARK & SlVEC 2001:36. Synonym of A. proxima.
pucallpa STARK 2004:73, figs. 28-32 (^, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, PERU: Loreto, Pucallpa [P SPANGLER, P SPANGLER, 10-12/IV/1969]; NMNH. Paratype: 1^, Pasco.
puna STARK 2001a:28, figs. 81-84 (^, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ECUADOR: Cotopaxi, San Francisco de las Pampas, otonga, 2000 m [E Tapia, G Onore, C Young, 30-31/VII/1993]; Carnegie. • ZÜNIGA & STARK 2002:218, figs. 32-36 (head and pronotum, ?: st8-9;	penis ventral, lateral, dorsal).
COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca. • ZÜNiga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:143. Antioquia.
quadriloba Jewett 1958:166, figs 7, 7A (?, head and pronotum; st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Vera Cruz, Metlac [HH Hobbs & FN Young, 26/XII/1940]; Field. Allotype, Same data as holotype. Paratypes: 17^, 5?, Chiapas, Vera Cruz. • ILLIES 1966:322. • Harper 1992 (nec JEWETT):117, fig. 3 (^ penis dorsal, lateral). PANAMA. Synonym of Anacroneuria annulipalpis, fide STARK 1998:557. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:44, figs. 125-132 (head and pronotum; st9: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; nymph: head and pronotum, forefemur, cercus). GUATEMALA: Chiquimula, Suchitepequez, Alta Verapaz; MEXICO: Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz. The ^ allotype is A. planicollis.
quechua Stark & Sivec 1998:51, figs. 138-142 (^, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, pte. San Pedro, ca. 50 km NW Pilcopata, 1600 m [OS Flint, N Adams, 23/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratype, Huanuco.
quetzalcoatl Stark & Kondratieff 2004:44, figs. 133137 (S: head and pronotum; st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Chiapas, 16 km NE San Cristobal de las Casas [HJ Teskey, 25/V/1969]; ottawa.
quijo STARK 2001a:29, figs. 85-91 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9) Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Napo, 5 km N Lago Agrio [A Langley, 26/IX/1975]; NMNH.
quilla STARK & ZÜniga 1999. In: STARK, ZÜniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:35, Figs. 101-104, 149 (S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Termales de Santa Rosa de Cabal [OS Flint, 29/II/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2S, 4$, Valle del Cauca. • Stark 2001a:30. ECUADOR: Azuay; Carchi; Zamora Chinchipe. • ZÜNiga & Stark 2002:221. COLOMBIA: Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Risaralda. • ZüNiga, Stark, VAsconez, Bersosa & Vimos 2006:56. Caldas. • ZüNiga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:143. Risaralda.
quimbaya ZüNiga & Stark 2007. In: ZüNiga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:132, figs. 16-20 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Municipio de Pereira, Parque Regional Natural Ucumari, Estacion La Pastora, Rio Otun headwater basin, 2400 m, N 04° 42' 32", W 75° 29' 37" [MC ZüNiga, W cardona, G Zabala, C CULTID, 10-11/III/2007]; Cali. Paratypes: 4S.
ramealis {Neoperla} (NavAs 1927):67, fig. 5 [apex of forewing]. Holotype, $: COLOMBIA: [Cundinamarca],
Fusagasuga; Villavicencio [H Apolinar Maria, 1918]; Navas, lost. • AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. • Illies 1966:491. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • {Anacroneuria} STARK, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena, 1999:45. Nomen dubium.
ratcliffei Stark & Kondratieff 2004:50, figs. 138-142 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Chiapas, 8 km N Ixhuatan [B Ratcliffe & C
Messenger, 16/IX/1985]; Nebraska. Paratypes: 2S, 6$. other material: 1S, Veracruz.
rawlinsi Stark 2001a:31, figs. 92-95 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Morona Santiago, Rio Culebrillas, 34 km SE Gualaceo, 2200 m [J Rawlins, C Young, R Davidson, 22-23/X/1987]; Carnegie.
reedi {Neoperla} (NavAs 1919a):4. Holotype, $: ARGENTINA: Tucuman [CS Reed]; La Plata. • NavAs 1919b:5, fig. 1 (holotype: pronotum, forewing, apex of hindwing). • AUBERT 1956b:441. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata) • {Anacroneuria} Illies 1964b:231. • {Neoperla} Illies 1966:491. Probably an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} Cabo & Wais. 1988:10. Catamarca.
regleta Stark & Rojas 1999. In: Stark, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena 1999:36, figs. 105-109 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Meta, Quebrada Blanca, 3 km W Restrepo [OS Flint, 11/II/1983]; NMNH. • STARK & ZÜNiga 2003:235, figs. 33-35 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe, Carchi.
ricki ZÜNiga & Stark 2002:215, figs. 20-24 (head and pronotum; S: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca,
Buenaventura, Rio Escaletete, Cuenca R^o San Cipriano, 150 m, 16 km SE Cordoba [MC ZÜNIGA, F MuNoz-Quesada, G Guevara, C Mathuriau, 01/XII/1997]; Cali. Paratypes: 25S, 15$. • ZÜNIGA, STARK, VAsconez, Bersosa & Vimos 2006:56. ECUADOR: Esmeraldas.
rondoniae Froehlich 2002b:97, figs. 82-86 (S: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; $ : st8-9). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Rondonia, creek 8 km S Cacaulandia [D Petr, 21/XI/1991]; NMNH. Paratypes: 7S, 5$.
rosita Stark & Rojas 1999. In: Stark, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena 1999:38, figs. 110-114 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Caqueta, Morelia, R^o
Bodoquero, 430 m [Duckworth & Dietz, 19-20/I/1969]; NMNH. • Stark 2001a:32. ECUADOR: Pastaza.
rossi Stark 2004:74, figs. 33-34 ($, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, $: PERU: Huanuco, 69 km E Tingo Mar^a [EI Schlinger, ES Ross, 18/XI/1954]; CAS.
rugosa stark 2001a 32, figs. 96-100 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Pichincha, Via Puerto-Quito km 113 [J COHEN, 24/VI/1970]; NMNH.
saltensis Froehlich 2002b:98, figs. 87-92 (S: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; $ : st8-9; egg). Holotype S: ARGENTINA: Salta, Pena Baya, Canada La Gotera [OS Flint, 16-17/X/1973]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1S, 5$.
schmidti {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909a):169, fig. 6 ($, contour of subgenital plate). Syntypes: ECUADOR: Banos, 1$ [E SCHMIDT, R Haensch, 03/VI/1899]; Balzapamba, 2$ [E SCHMIDT, R Haensch, 11/VI/1899, 11/VII/1899]; Warsaw. • {Anacroneuria} Jewett 1959b:109. VENEZUELA: Amazonas; ECUADOR: Pichincha; PERU: Huanuco. • {Neoperla} Illies 1966:491. Jewett 1959b doubtfully Enderlein 1909a; species inquirenda.^ {Anacroneuria} Zwick 1973a:480, fig. 5 ($ holotype, st8-9). ECUADOR: Holotype, $: Balzapamba, 11/VII/1899; paratypes: 2$, Balzapamba; Banos, 3/VI/1899. Jewett 1959b doubtfully Enderlein 1909a. • Stark, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena 1999:20. Comments. • Stark 2001a:33. Comments.
variegata KlapAlek 1921:325. • Zwick 1973a:480. Synonym of A. schmidti.
segnini Stark & Maldonado 2002. In: Maldonado, stark, Cressa 2002:221, figs. 1-9 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9; nymph: head, pronotum, terminalia; fore femur; cercus). Holotype, S, reared: VENEZUELA: Merida, Quebrada La Astillera, 1260 m, 8°33'05"N, 71°13'36"W [V Maldonado, S Segnini, M Chacon, R Rivera, A PeNa, I Correa, 06/IV/2000]; Maracay. Paratype: 1$, reared.
senahu Stark & Kondratieff 2004:50, figs. 143-147 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, Finca Trece Aguas, Senahu, 800 m [M DIX, 28/XII/1980]; NMNH. Paratype: 1$.
shamatari Stark 1995:219, figs. 26-36, 50 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9; egg; nymph: head and pronotum, forefemur, mesal cercal segments, apical cercal segments). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Camp IV, 760 m [OS flint, 15-18/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 12S, 26$, 7 nymphs.
shepardi Stark & Kondratieff 2004:51, figs. 148-152 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: BELIZE: Cayo District, Macal River, 9.3 km S Augustine [WD Shepard, 06/I/1996]; NMNH. Paratypes: 3S, 1$. BELIZE; HONDURAS: Comayagua; MEXICO: Chiapas.
signata {Perla} (Walker 1852):157. VENEZUELA [Coll. Dyson]; London. • Illies 1966:507. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • {Anacroneuria} Kimmins 1970:349. $ lectotype in London. • Stark 1995:243. $ holotype redescribed.
socapa Stark & ZüNiga 1999.In: Stark, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena 1999:38, figs. 115-118 (st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Termales de Santa Rosa de Cabal [OS Flint, 29/II/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1S, Risaralda; 1S, Antioquia. • Stark & ZÜNIGA 2003:235, figs.6, 36-38, 43 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral, detail; $ , st 8-9). Cauca, Valle del Cauca. • ZüNiga, Stark, VAsconez, Bersosa & VIMOS 2006:56. Antioquia, Cauca. • ZÜNIGA, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:143, fig. 41 (head and pronotum). Risaralda.
sonora Stark & Kondratieff 2004:51, figs. 153-157 (head and pronotum; S: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: MEXICO: Sonora, Maycoba River, Hwy 16 W Maycoba [RW
Baumann, BC Kondratieff, s Wells, B Sargent, 29/VI/1987]; NMNH. Paratypes: 5S, 7?.
spangleri Stark 2001a:34, figs. 101-107 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype S: ECUADOR: Pichincha, 29 km W Santo Domingo de los Colorados [P spangler, 06/V/1975]; NMNH. Paratypes: 9S, 34?, Pichincha; Los R^os.
spectori Stark 2004:74, figs. 35-39 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Prov. Caballero, Parque Nacional Amboro, 2030 m, 17°50'14"S, 64°23'38"W [S Spector, J Ledezma, 20/X/2001]; AMNH (pro tempore). Paratypes: 4S.
stanjewetti Froehlich 2002b:93, figs. 71-76 (head and pronotum; S, hammer, penis; ?, st8-9; egg). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia [F Plaumann]; CAS. Paratypes: 8S, 11?. Santa Catarina; ARGENTINA: Entre R^os; Misiones. • De Ribeiro & Froehlich 2007:56. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul. • Froehlich 2008:130, figs. 12-15 ( head and pronotum, penis dorsal, lateral; female: st 8-9). A. atrifrons "cotypes" of Hamburg (Weidner 1962).
starki Fenoglio & Morisi 2001a:312, figs. 1-6 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, S: NICARAGUA: Zelaya, Cerro Saslaya (13.44°N, 85.01°W), 700 m [JM Maes, IV/1996]; Carmagnola. Paratypes: 5S, 16?. • stark & kondratieff 2004:56, figs. 158162 (head and pronotum; S, st 9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). HONDURAS: Olancho; NICARAGUA: Zelaya.
subcostalis Klapälek 1921:326. Syntypes, 2?: BRAZIL: Esp^rito Santo; Vienna; Berlin, missing, but 2? in Vienna.^ Jewett 1960b:174. Amazonas, Rio de Janeiro. • Illies 1966:322. • Froehlich 2002b:86, figs. 45-46 (?, st8-9; egg). Rio de Janeiro, Esp^rito Santo. Jewett's specimens from Amazonas very doubtfully A. subcostalis. • froehlich 2004:59, figs. 16-21 (S: st9, hammer, penis lateral and dorsal; ?: st8, st9). Comments. Sao Paulo. • Bispo & Froehlich 2004b:99. Sao
Paulo.
sulana Needham & Broughton 1927:112, pl. 12, figs 2, 2A, 2B (subgenital plate, two specimens, egg). Holotype, ?: BELIZE: Rio Santa Ana [Karl P SCHMIDT]; Cornell. Paratypes: MEXICO: Vera Cruz, Paso del Macho; Chinadaga and Sula [?]. • Jewett 1958:163. MEXICO: Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca; GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz; PANAMA: Chiriqu^. S and ? described. • Illies 1966:322. • ZWICK 1972a:1152. Synonym of A. annulicauda. • Stark & Kondratieff 2004:26. Synonym of A. lineata.
tachira Stark & ZÜNiga 2003:231, figs. 4, 7-12 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, part of dorsal, detail; ?: st 8-9). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Tachira, tributary to Rio Valle, 3.8 km SE El Zumbador, 2730 m [R Holzenthal, C Cressa, Gutic, 21/IV/1995] Paratypes: 6S, 1?.
sp.A Maldonado, Stark & Cressa 2002:230. • Stark & ZÜNiga 2003:231. Belongs to A. tachira.
takutu Stark 2000:306, figs. 1-7 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, S: GUYANA: Mazaruni-Potaro, Takutu Mountains, 6°15'N, 59°6'W [Earthwatch Expedition, PJ Spangler, WE Steiner, 5-17/XII/1983]; NMNH. Paratypes: 7?.
talamanca Stark 1998:585, figs. 101-105, 149 (head and pronotum; S: st 9, penis ventral, lateral,dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: San Jose, Reserva Biologica Carara, R^o Carara, 200 m [R Holzenthal, F MuNoz, J Huisman, 14/III/1991]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2S, Heredia; 1S, 3?; PANAMA: Bocas del Toro. • Fenoglio & Morisi 2001b:7, figs. 1-2 (head and pronotum, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). NICARAGUA: R^o San Juan.
tatama Stark & Cardona 2007. In: ZüNiga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:134, figs. 21-26 (head and pronotum; S: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8; egg). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Municipio de Santuario, Parque Municipal Natural Planes de San Rafael, Rio San Rafael middle basin, bridge, 2050 m, N
05° 07' 38", W 76° 00' 08" [MC ZÜNIGA, W Cardona, a Laina, G Zabala, C Cultid, 15-16/VII/2007]. Paratypes: 3S, 4$.
taylori Stark 2004:75, figs. 40-44 (head and pronotum; S: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza, 250 m [OS Flint, N Adams, 09/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: Madre de Dios, 1$. BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, 2S.
tayrona Züniga & Tamaris 2007. In: Züniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:134, figs. 27-31 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Magdalena, Municipio de Santa Marta, Parque Nacional Natural Sierra Nevada Santa Marta, Estacion San Lorenzo, R^o Gaira headwater basin, 1560 m, N 11° 10' 02", W 74° 10' 41" [C Tamaris, R Turrizo, 01/IX/2004]; Cali. Paratypes: 10S.
tejon Baena & Stark 1999. In: Stark, ZüNiga, Rojas & Baena 1999:39, figs. 119-123 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Narino, Reserva Natural La Planada, 1400 m [F Escobar, IV/1994]; Cali. Paratype: 1S, Valle del Cauca.
tena Stark 2001a:35, figs. 108-111 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Napo, Tena, 520 m [OS Flint, 10-13/IX/1990]; NMNH.
timote STARK 1999:83, figs. 56-60 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Tachira, Quebrada Los Mirtos, 8 km S El Cobre, 2400 m [R Holzenthal, C Cressa, Gutic, 22/IV/1995]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4S.
tincta {Neoperla} (Naväs 1916b):63, fig. 4 [apex of forewing, hind wing]. Holotype, S: COLOMBIA. [Fr. Apollinaris, 1915]; Navas, lost. • Aubert 1956b:441. Type not located. • ILLIES 1966:492. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • {Anacroneuria}STARK, ZÜNiga, Rojas & Baena, 1999:45. Nomen dubium.
tinctilamella Jewett 1959a:154, figs. 7, 7A ($, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutonia [Plaumann, XI/1955]; CAS. Paratypes: $. Putative S. • ILLIES 1966:322. • Froehlich 2002b:88, figs. 47-49 ($, st8-9; egg, Santa Catarina; egg, Misiones). Santa Catarina; uncertain: Parana. ARGENTINA: Misiones.
tinga BISPO & Froehlich 2004c:194, figs. 13-17 (head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Material. Holotype, BRAZIL: Goias, Colinas do Sul, Serra da Mesa, 14°01'S, 48°12'W [Silvestre, Dietz, Campaner, 2-15/XII/1995]; Säo Paulo.
tiwanaku Stark 2004:76, figs. 45-46 ($, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, $: BOLIVIA: La Paz, Yungas La Paz, Rio Murarrata to Suapi, 1400-1600 m [LE PENA G, 26-28/XI/1984]; NMNH.
toni ZÜNIGA & STARK 2002:213, figs. 15-19 (head and pronotum; S: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; $: st8-9). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Cauca, Municipio de Inza, Quebrada San Andres, Cuenca Rio Paez, 1 km S San Andres de Pisimbala, 1730 m [MC ZÜNIGA, F MuNoz-Quesada, JH Lopez, 20/XII/1997]; Cali. Paratypes: 17S, 29$.
toriba Froehlich 2002b:100, figs. 97-100 (S, head and pronotum, hammer, penis). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Säo Paulo; Campos do Jordäo [J Lane, XII/1945]; NMNH.
tornada Stark 1998:585, figs. 106-110 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype S: COSTA RICA: Cartago, Reserva Tapanti, Quebrada Palmitos, 1400 m [R
Holzenthal, R Blahnik, F MuNoz, 2/VI/1990]; NMNH.
trimacula Jewett 1959a:155, fig 11 [$, head and pronotum]. Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutonia [Plaumann, X/1956]; CAS. Paratypes: 17$. • ILLIES 1966:322. • froehlich 2002b:88, figs. 50-54 (S: hammer, penial armature; $ : st8-9; egg). Santa Catarina. ARGENTINA: Misiones. PARAGUAY: Paraguar^.
• De Ribeiro & froehlich 2007:56. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.
trinervis {Neoperla} (Naväs 1934b):161, fig. 36 (?, head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Quito [R. Benoist, 1930]; Paris. • AUBERT 1956b:441. Type in Paris. • ILLIES 1966:492. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • STARK 2001a:2. Nomen dubium.
tristani {Forquilla} (NaväS 1932d):29, fig. 25 (? hind wing). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Santa Maria Dota [Tristan]; Torino. • Aubert 1956:168. Type in Torino. • {Anacroneuria} Jewett 1958 (nec Naväs 1932d, fide Stark 1998):168, figs 8, 8A, 8B (head and pronotum; hind leg, ? , st8). COSTA RICA: Alajuela, Cartago. • Illies 1966:323. • STARK 1998:583. Synonym of Anacroneuria plutonis.
tunasi Stark & Züniga 2007. In: Züniga, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & ORTEGA 2007:136, figs. 32-36 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Municipio de Santuario, Parque Nacional Natural Tatama, 2400 m [J Castellanos, XI/2004]; Cali.
tungurahua Stark 2001a:37, figs. 112-116 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Tungurahua, 32 km E
Banos [P Spangler & al., 28/I/1976]; NMNH.
tupi BISPO & froehlich 2004b:105, Figs. 26-32 (S: head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales, Ribeirao Ägua Comprida [PC BiSPO, CG froehlich, 20/II/2000]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 2S, 7?.
tzapino Stark 2001a:38, figs. 117-120 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Pastaza, Tzapino, 400 m [J CoHEN, 22/V/1976]; NMNH.
uatsi STARK 1998:585, figs. 111-115, 150, 153-154 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal,
gr
ventral; ? : st8-9; nymph: head and pronotum, forefemur). Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: Limon, R^o Uatsi, 8 km W Bribri, 60 m [R Holzenthal, S Hamilton, M Heyn, 25/III/1987]; NMNH. Paratypes: 10S, 22?, Guanacaste; Limon; Puntarenas. • Stark & Kondratieff 2004:56, figs. 163-167 (head and pronotum; S, st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). HONDURAS: Olancho.
crenulata Harper 1992:115. • Stark & kondratieff 2004:32. Belongs to A. uatsi StARK 1998.
ucumari Stark & Züniga 2003:232, figs. 13-17 (head and pronotum; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Cali, Parque Nacional Natural Farallones de Cali, Penas Blancas, R^o Pichinde, cuenca alta del R^o Cali, 2000 m, 03°25'06"N, 75°29'44"W [MC ZÜNIGA, AJ CARDOSO ZÜNIGA, G MARTINEZ, 29/IX/1997]; Cali. Paratype: 1S, Risaralda. • ZÜNIGA, STARK, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & ORTEGA 2007:144.
undulosa Stark & Rojas 1999. In: Stark, Züniga, Rojas & Baena 1999:40, figs. 124-128 (S: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ? : st8-9). Holotype, S: COLOMBIA: Choco, km 130, 86 km E Quibdo [OS Flint, 17/II/1983]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?.
unicolor Klapälek 1922:94. Holotype, S: COLOMBIA; Hamburg. • Weidner 1962:107. S holotype in Hamburg. • ILLIES 1966:323. • ZWICK 1973a:483. Synonym of A. angusticollis.
uru STARK & SIVEC 1998:51, figs. 143-147 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Cusco, Hacienda Maria ca. R^o Cosnipata, 900 m [F WOYTKOWSKI, 11/III/1952]; NMNH. Paratypes: 10S, Cusco; BOLIVIA: Cochabamba. • STARK & ZÜNIGA 2003:237, figs. 39-41 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral).
uruguaya {Neoperla} (Naväs 1923): 42. Holotype, ?: URUGUAY: Montevideo [P Serre, 1912]; Paris. • Aubert 1956b:441. Type in Paris. • (uruguayana)
ILLIES 1966: 493. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda.
uyara Froehlich 2002b:100, figs. 101-106 (S: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; 5 : st8-9, egg). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia [F Plaumann, I/1975]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4S, 275. Parana. ARGENTINA: Entre R^os. • Froehlich 2004:59. BRAZIL: Sao Paulo. • De RiBEiRO & froehlich 2007:56. Rio Grande do Sul.
valle ZÜNIGA & Baena 1999. In: STARK, ZÜNIGA, Rojas & Baena 1999:41, figs. 129-133 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype S: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Rio Azul, cuenca media R^o Calima, 550 m [AM Rojas, M Baena, R Aldana, 20/II/1994]; Cali. • ZÜNIGA, STARK, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:144.
vanini Froehlich 2004:61, figs. 22-29 (S: head and pronotum, st9 and hammer, penis lateral and dorsal; 5: st8, st9). Holotype, S: BRAZIL; Sao Paulo, Salesopolis, Estagao Biologica de Boraceia, guest house [SA Vanin, 21/XI/1980]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 1S 15.
variegata Klapälek 1921:325. Syntypes: 1S: PERU: Marcapata; Prague; 15: COLOMBIA: Bogota; Hamburg. • Weidner 1962:107. Paratype in Hamburg. • ILLIES 1966:323. • ZWICK 1973a:480. Male lost; female designated as lectotype. Synonym of A. schmidti.
varilla Stark 1998:595, figs. 116-120, 140, 183-184 (head and pronotum; S: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; details of penis; 5: st8-9). Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Maritza, Rio Tempisquito, 550 m [R Holzenthal, J morse, p Clausen, 19/VII/1987]; NMNH. Paratypes: 28S, 55, Guanacaste; 1S, PANAMA: Chiriqu^.
ventana Stark 1998:597, figs. 121-125 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: Alajuela, R^o Peje, ca. 1 km SE San Vicente, 1450 m [R Holzenthal,
F MUNOZ, K Kjer, 14/II/1992]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2S, Cartago; San Jose.
vespertilio Klapälek 1921:327. Holotype, 5: COLOMBIA: Bogota [LINDIG]; Berlin. • ILLIES 1966:323. • STARK, ZÜNIGA, RojAS & Baena 1999:21, fig. 20 (5, st8-9). Redescription.
viduata {Neoperla} (Naväs 1916b):64, fig. 5 (right wings). Holotype, 5: COLOMBIA [F. APOLLINARIS, 1915]; Apollinaris, lost. • AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. • Illies 1966:493. Possibly an
Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. • {Anacroneuria} STARK, ZÜNIGA, RojAS & Baena, 1999:46. Nomen dubium.
vilcabamba Stark & Sivec 1998:51, figs. 148-151 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Junin, Tarma, Utcuyacu, Agua Dulce, 1600-2400 m [F WOYTKOWSKI, 06/III/1948]; NMNH.
viridis Klapälek (Kempny Mss.) 1921:327. Holotype, 5: No locality [label: Thor 853]; Vienna, missing. • ILLIES 1966:323. • Nomen dubium.
vistosa STARK 1995:220, figs. 37-44, 47, 51 (head and pronotum, fore wing; S: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; 5: st8-9; egg, detail of egg). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, basecamp, 140 m [PJ Spangler, PM Spangler, R Faitoute, W Steiner, 11/II/1985]; NMNH. Paratypes: 54S, 355.
vitripennis Klapälek 1922:90. Holotype, S [not 5]: PERU: Vilcanota; Prague. • ILLIES 1966:323. • STARK & SiVEC 1998:55, figs. 152-155 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Redescription of S holotype.
v-nigrum {Forquilla} (Naväs 1932a):61, fig. 6 (head and pronotum). Holotype, 5 : BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Barao Homem de Mello [Zikan, 24/I/1927]; DEI, lost. • AUBERT 1956b:440. Type not located. • Illies 1966:324. • PETERSEN & Gaedike 1968:968. Holotype destroyed. • Nomen dubium.
wapishana Stark 1999:88, figs. 61-62 (head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: GUYANA: Potaro River, Kaieteur Falls, 410 m [OS Flint, 21-23/VIII/1997]; NMNH.
wari StARK 2004:77, figs. 47-48 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9. Holotype, ? : PERU: Cusco, Hacienda Maria ca. Rio Cosnipata, 900 m [F WOYTKOWSKI, 24/II/1952]; NMNH.
wellsi STARK & Kondratieff 2004:56, figs. 168-172 (head and pronotum; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, 6.5 km W San Cristobal [P Perkins, 03/VI/1974]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1 ?, GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz; 1^, HONDURAS: Olancho.
wincha Stark & Sivec 1998:56, figs. 156-160 (^, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, pte. San Pedro, ca. 50 km NW Pilcopata, 1600 m [OS Flint, N Adams, 02-03/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4^.
wipukupa Baumann & Olson 1984:489, figs. 1-7 (^: terminalia ventral, dorsal; penis ventral, dorsal; ? terminalia ventral; egg; nymph, habitus). Holotype, USA: Arizona, Yavapai Co., Oak Creek, Red Rock Crossing [MW Sanderson, 09/VI/1978]; allotype, ?: same date as holotype except: Page Springs, 30/V/1978; NMNH. Paratypes: 7^. Nymphs. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:57, figs. 173-177 (head and pronotum; st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral).
woytkowskii Stark & Sivec 1998:56, figs. 161-164 (^, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, PERU: Cusco, Hacienda Maria ca. R^o Cosnipata, 900 m [F WOYTKOWSKI, 27/II/1952]; NMNH. • STARK 2004:80. Madre de Dios.
xinguensis Froehlich 2002b:103, figs. 107-112 (^: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, BRAZIL: Para, Rio Xingu Camp (52°22'W, 3°39'S), ca. 60 km S Altamira [P SPANGLER, OS Flint, 1-21/X/1986]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2^, 4?.
x-nigrum Klapälek 1921:324. Syntypes: ?: PERU: Marcapata and Callanga; Prague. BOLIVIA: Songo; Berlin, missing, now in Prague. • ILLIES 1966:324. • ZWICK 1973:474, figs. 8-9 (penis dorsal, lateral). A. sp., x-nigrum Klap.?! • Stark & Sivec 1998:56, figs. 165-168 (^ lectotype, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Two ^ syntypes, Mus. Prague, designated lectotype and paralectotype.
yameo Stark & Sivec 1998:60, figs. 169-173 (^, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, PERU: Loreto, Callicebus Research Station, Mishana, R^o Nanay, 25 km SW Iquitos, 120 m [JB Heppner, 10-17/I/1980]; NMNH. Paratype: 1^, BOLIVIA: Sara (now Santa Cruz). • ZÜNIGA, STARK, VÄSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:57. COLOMBIA: Amazonas. • ZÜNIGA, STARK, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & ORTEGA 2007:145, figs. 42-43 (?, st9; egg). Amazonas.
ypsilon Klapälek 1922:93. Syntypes: 2?: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul [Stiegelmayr]; Vienna. • ILLIES 1966:324.
ytuguazu Froehlich 2002b:105, figs. 113-115 (^, head and pronotum, penis). Holotype ARGENTINA: Entre R^os, Salto Grande, Rio Uruguay [OS Flint, 16/XI/1973]; NMNH.
zaculeu Stark & Kondratieff 2004:57, figs. 178-182 (^: head and pronotum; st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, Tamahu, 1100 m [EC Welling, 11/XI/1963]; Peabody.
zaga STARK & Kondratieff 2004:57, figs. 183-187 (^: head and pronotum; st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, MEXICO: Veracruz, Fortin de las Flores [OS Flint & Ortiz, 24/VII/1966]; NMNH.
zamora Stark 2001a:39, figs. 121-125 (^, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ECUADOR: Zamora Chinchipe, R^o Jamboe, 21 km S Zamora, 1340 m [OS Flint, 22/IX/1990]; NMNH.
zapata Stark 1998:597, figs. 126-130 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: COSTA RICA: Alajuela, Rio Bochinche, Cerro Campana, 600 m [R Holzenthal, J morse, p Clausen, 22/VII/1987]; NMNH. Paratypes: 11 S, Alajuela; Guanacaste; Puntarenas.
zarpa Stark 1998:600, figs. 131-135 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: PANAMA: Bocas del Toro, Miramar [H WOLDA, 21/II/1978]; NMNH.
sp. D harper 1992:119, fig; 15 ($: st8-9). apicalis (enderlein)? 1$, PANAMA: Chiriqu^. NMNH.
sp. E harper 1992:119, fig. 16 ($: st8-S PANAMA.
one
sp. F harper 1992:119, fig. 17 ($: st8-9). One $, PANAMA: Darien.
sp. A Maldonado, Stark & Cressa 2002:230, figs. 21-23 (head and pronotum, terminalia, fore femur, cercus). Nymph, S: VENEZUELA: Merida.
zunigae Stark 2001a:40, figs. 126-130 (S, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: ECUADOR: Napo, 18 km NW Lago Agrio [A Langley, J Cohen, 30/VIII/1975]; NMNH. Paratypes: 9S.
zwicki STARK & SIVEC 1998:60, figs. 174-177 (S, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, S: PERU: Cusco, Hacienda Mar^a ca. R^o Cosnipata, 900 m [F WOYTKOWSKI, 26/II/1952]; NMNH. Paratypes: 49S, Cusco; Huanuco; BOLIVIA: Cochabamba.
sp. Fiorentin & CORSEUIL 1994:37, fig. 6 (habitus). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.
sp. Needham and Broughton 1927:119, figs. 10-10F (nymph: habitus, antenna, mandible, labrum, maxilla, labium, cercus). Nymph: COLOMBIA [JT Lloyd].
sp. ZWICK 1973a:474, figs. 8-9 (penis dorsal, lateral). (x-nigrum Klap.?!).
sp. A harper 1992:117, fig. 12 ($: st8-9). Four S, 4$, PANAMA: Darien.
sp. B harper 1992:118, fig. 13 ($: st8-9). Three S, 2$, PANAMA: Alajuela. • STARK 1998:568. Belongs
to A. harperi.
sp. C harper 1992:118, fig. 8 (penis dorsal, lateral). Two S. PANAMA: Chiriqu^. • STARK 1998:554. Belongs to A. acutipennis.
sp. A STARK 2001b:406, figs. 1-5 (head and pronotum; S: st 9, penis ventral, dorsal; $: [half] st8-9). ARGENTINA: Misiones.
"species" Roback 1966:202, pls. 1-2 (head and thorax pattern of 9 morphospecies; mothparts, leg and details, paraproct). PERU: Huanuco, Loreto.
CO-1 STARK, ZÜNIGA, ROJAS & Baena 1999:42, figs. 141-142 (head and pronotum, st8-9). 1$: COLOMBIA: Amazonas. • STARK, ZÜNIGA & SiVEC 2001:121. Belongs to A. montera Stark & SIVEC 1998.
CO-2 STARK, ZÜNIGA, RojAS & Baena 1999:44, figs. 143-145 (head and pronotum, st8-9, egg). 1$: COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca.
CO-3 STARK, ZÜNIGA, RojAS & Baena 1999:45, fig. 146 (st8-9). 1$: COLOMBIA: Antioquia.
CO-4 STARK, ZÜNIGA, RojAS & Baena 1999:45, fig. 147 (st8-9). 2$: COLOMBIA: Antioquia.
CO-5 STARK, ZÜNIGA, RojAS & Baena 1999:45, fig.148 (st8-9). 6$: COLOMBIA: Risaralda.
CO-6 ZÜNIGA & STARK 2002:222, figs. 37-38 (head and pronotum, st8-9). 1$: COLOMBIA: Risaralda.
CO-7 ZÜNIGA & STARK 2002:222, figs. 39-40 (head and pronotum, st8-9). COLOMBIA: Choco.
CO-8 ZÜNIGA, STARK, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo &
Ortega 2007:145, figs. 44-46 (head and pronotum, st9; egg). COLOMBIA: Risaralda, 48$.
CO-9 ZÜNIGA, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:147, figs. 47-49 (head and pronotum, st9; egg). COLOMBIA: Choco. 1$.
CO-10 ZÜNIGA, Stark, Cardona, Tamaris-Turizo & Ortega 2007:147, figs. 50-52 (head and pronotum, st9; egg). COLOMBIA: Amazonas, 2$; BRAZIL: Amazonas, 1$.
GU-1 stark 1999:88, fig. 65 (st8-9). GUYANA: Kanuku Mountains, 4$. Kumu River and falls 1 $.
GU-2 stark 1999:88, fig. 66 (st8-9). GUYANA: Dubulay Ranch, Aramatani Creek, 2$.
GU-3 stark 1999:89, figs. 67-68 ($: head and pronotum, st8-9). GUYANA: Mazaruni-Potaro District, 2$.
Amazonas; 3$ .
VZ-7 stark 1995:247, fig 148 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Amazonas; 2$ .
VZ-8 stark 1995:248, fig. 149 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Zulia; 1$.
VZ-9 stark 1995:249, fig. 150 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Sucre; 1$.
VZ-10 stark 1995:249, figs. 151-155 (nymph, head and pronotum, fore femur, cercal segments, penis ventral, dorsal). VENEZUELA: Amazonas, 11 nymphs.
VZ-11 Maldonado, stark & Cressa 2002:230, figs. 24-26, 29-32 ($ : head and pronotum, st8-9; egg; nymph: head and pronotum, terminalia, fore femur, cercus, proventricular armature). VENEZUELA: Merida. 1$, reared.
GU-4 stark 2000:308, figs. 8-9 ($: head and pronotum, st8-9). GUYANA: Kanuku Mountains, 1$.
GU-5 stark 2000:308, fig. 10 ($, st8-9). GUYANA: Paramakotoi Village, 6$ .
PE-1 stark & SIVEC 1998:63, figs. 178-179 (head and pronotum, st8-9). PERU: Huanuco: 1$.
VZ-1 stark 1995:244, figs. 140-141(st8-9; egg). VENEZUELA: Merida, Lara; 5$.
VZ-2 stark 1995:244, figs. 142-143 (st8-9; egg). VENEZUELA: Merida; 1$.
VZ-3 stark 1995:244, fig. 144 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Bolivar, 1$.
VZ-4 stark 1995:244, fig. 145 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Lara, Zulia; 2$ .
VZ-12 maldonado, stark & Cressa 2002:234, figs. 27-28, 33-35 ($ : head and pronotum, st8-9; nymph: head and pronotum, terminalia, fore femur, cercus). VENEZUELA: Merida. 1$, reared.
Genus ca. Anacroneuria Roback 1966:202, pl 1, fig. 3 (head and thorax pattern). PERU: Loreto.
Genus Enderleina Jewett
Enderleina Jewett 1960b:174. Species typica: Enderleina preclara Jewett (monotypy). • Illies 1966:332. • Stark 1989:153. Definition, discussion. • stark 2001b:411, figs. 6-10 (E. flinti, head and pronotum; E. yano, S: terminalia dorsal, st 9, penis dorsal; $ : st8-9). Diagnosis, comments, species list. • Ribeiro & Rafael 2005:62. • Stark, froehlich & ZUNIGA 2009: 119. Distribution: Guyana, Venezuela, North Brazil.
VZ-5 stark 1995:246, Fig. 146 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Merida; 4$.
VZ-6 stark 1995:246, fig. 147 (st8-9). VENEZUELA:
bonita Stark 1989:157, figs. 16-18 ($, head and pronotum, female terminalia, ventral; egg). Holotype, $: VENEZUELA: Aragua, Maracay, 16 km E, 1000 m [JC Rosalis, 21/X/1950]; Maracay.
Paratypes: 2 $ , Rancho Grande.
flinti STARK 1989:155, figs. 1-5, 12-15 (putative nymph: head and pronotum, mesal and apical cercal segments, abdominal apex, dorsal, maxilla, thorax ventral; $ : head and pronotum; st8-9; detail of st9; egg). Holotype, $: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Camp XI, 00°51'45"N, 65°58'52"W, 1450 m [PJ Spangler]; NMNH. Paratype: 1$. • STARK 2001b:407, fig.6 (head and pronotum). • Ribeiro & Rafael 2005:66. BRAZIL: Amazonas, Roraima.
froehlichi Ribeiro-Ferreira 1996:145, figs. 1-6 (S, terminalia dorsal, t10; paraproct; penis dorsal, lateral, ventral). Holotype,	BRAZIL:
Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke [ACR Ferreira, 13/XI/1987]; Manaus. • Ribeiro & Rafael 2005:62, figs. 1-5, 8-15 (^, $ habitus; holotype, head and pronotum, wings; S: terminalia ventral, dorsal; paraprocts; penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; $ : st6-8, vaginal sclerite). Amazonas, Amapa. • Ribeiro, J.M.F.; Magalhäes, C.; Rafael, J.A.; Henriques, A.L. 2009:34. Holotype in Manaus.
preclara Jewett 1960b:175, figs. 5, 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D (right wings; head and pronotum; terminalia, lateral and ventral views; penis). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Roraima, Mt. Roraima, 2100 m [Rondon, 05/XII/1927]; AMNH, missing. • ILLIES 1966:332. • STARK 1989:153. Holotype missing.
yano Stark 1989:154, figs. 6-11 (S: terminalia dorsal, penis ventral, st9, paraproct; $ , terminalia ventral, detail of st9). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Camp IV, 00°56'20"N, 65°56'50"W, 760 m [OS Flint, Jr., 15-18/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 3$. • STARK 2001b:407, figs 7-10 (S: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis dorsal; $: st8-9). • Ribeiro & Rafael 2005:66. BRAZIL: Amazonas.
Genus Inconeuria KlapAlek
Inconeuria KlapAlek 1916:74. Species typica, monotypy: Inconeuria marcapatica KlapAlek. •
ILLIES 1964b:226. Redefinition, comments. • Illies 1966:337. • STARK 2001b:411, figs. 11-17, 51-52 (I. porteri: head and pronotum; S: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis ventral, dorsal; $ : st8-9, st9 intersegmental membrane and microtrichia). I. marcapatica, $ , st9 intersegmental membrane). Diagnosis, comments, species list. • STARK, froehlich & ZuNiga 2009:121.
Inca KlapAlek 1914:68. Nomen praeoccupatum. • KlapAlek 1916:55.Distribution: Chile, Peru.
chimu STARK & Kondratieff 2003:182, figs. 1-2 ($, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, $: PERU: Pasco, Chontilla, 22 km S Iscozazin [R Etheridge, 12/Viii/1961]; Los Angeles.
marcapatica KlapAlek 1916:75. Holotype, $: PERU: Marcapata; Prague. • Illies 1966:337. • Stark 2001b:408, fig. 15 ($, st9 intersegmental membrane and microtrichia).
porteri {Neoperla} (NavAs 1919a):3. Holotype, $: CHILE: IX: Malleco, Curacautin (38° 26'S, 71° 53'W) [C PORTER, I/1917]; Navas, lost. • AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. • NavAs 1928:119. XIV: Panguipulli [17/XI/1924]; DEI. Data on S. • {Inconeuria} Illies 1964b:228, figs. 18-20 (right wings; S: head and pronotum; foreleg; terminalia ventral; penis; $ : terminalia ventral; nymph: head, mandible, maxilla). Neotype S: XIV: Valdivia, Panguipulli (39°40'S) [Faz, 17/XI/1924]; DEI. Additional material from Chile, between 35° and 43°S: VIII: Concepcion; IX: Malleco, Caut^n; XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno, Llanquihue, Chiloe. • Werner 1965:232. VII: Curico. • Illies 1966:338. • JOOST 1976:206. VI: Cachapoal; VII: Cauquenes; VIII: Arauco; IX: Caut^n. • STARK 2001b:408, 420, figs. 11-14, 16-17, 51-52 (head and pronotum; S: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis ventral, dorsal; $: st8-9, st9 intersegmental membrane and microtrichia). • VERA 2005:8, figs. 7a, 8a, 9a, 10 (nymph: maxilla, pronotum, cercal segments, paraproct and base of cercus). VII (Maule).
Genus Kempnyella Illies
Kempnyella Illies 1964b:218. Species typica, original designation: Perla genualis NavAs. • Illies
1966:338. • STARK 2001b:412, figs. 18-24, 57-58 (K. genualis: head and pronotum; S: terminalia dorsal, st9; penis ventral, dorsal, penial spines; $ : st8-9. K. walperi, penis dorsal, egg). Diagnosis, comments, species list. • Stark, Froehlich & ZUNIGA 2009:121.
Distribution: Chile and Argentina, from ca. 35° to 45°S.
genualis {Perla} (Naväs 1918):82. Syntypes, 2$: ARGENTINA: R^o Negro, Nahuel Huap^ [Bruch, II/1898]; La Plata. Neuquen, Lago Lacar [Bruch, m/1898]; Navas. • AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata). • {Kempnyella} Illies 1964b:220, figs. 11-14 (right wings; S: head and pronotum, foreleg, terminalia ventral, details of penis; $ : terminalia ventral; nymph: head; mandible; maxilla. Distribution map). CHILE and ARGENTINA. • WERNER 1965:232. CHILE: VI (O'Higgins); VII: Curico; XI Aisen. • ILLIES 1966:339. • ZWICK 1972b:99. X Llanquihue. • JOOST 1976:206. CHILE: VIII Biob^o. • STARK 2001b:409, 421, figs. 18-23, 58 (head and pronotum; S: terminalia dorsal, st9; penis ventral, dorsal, penial spines; $ : st8-9). • VERA 2005:8, figs. 7b, 8b, 9b (nymph: maxilla, pronotum, cercal segments). CHILE: VII (Maule).
brundini {Pictetoperla} Illies 1964b:215. • Stark 2001b. Synonym of Kempnyella genualis.
walperi Illies 1964b:222, fig. 15 ($: head and pronotum; terminalia ventral). Holotype, $: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia; Fundo Walper ca. Punucapa (39°45'S), ca. 800 m [ILLIES, 16/II/1958]; Illies. Paratype $: VII (Maule). • Illies 1966:339. • STARK 2001b, fig. 57 (egg).
Genus Kempnyia Klapälek
Kempnyia Klapälek 1914:60, 68. [In key]. Klapälek 1916:60, 67. Species typica: Kempnyia tenebrosa Klapälek by original designation. • Jewett 1960b:175. Key to species. • ILLIES 1966:339. • ZWICK 1972a:1164. Redefinition. • ZWICK 1973b:275. • Froehlich 1984c:44, Figs. 2, 8-10, 12 (nymph: head and pronotum, mandible, maxilla, labium, thorax ventral). • Dorville & Froehlich 1999:281, figs. 4, 5, 8 (Nymph: pronotum; T3 and
base of abdomen ventral; maxilla). • Stark 2001b:414, figs. 25-31, 59 (K. sp. A, head and pronotum, coronal line, $ st8-9; K. (collosica) S: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis dorsal, lateral, ventral). Diagnosis, comments, species list. • STARK, froehlich & ZUNIGA 2009:124.
Eutactophlebia Klapälek 1914:60, 67 [In key]. • Klapälek 1916:45, 66. Species typica, original designation: Eutactophlebia reticulata Klapälek. • ILLIES 1966:332. • Froehlich 1979:70. • Zwick 1983:177. Synonym of Kempnyia.
Collampla Naväs 1929b:77. Species typica, monotypy: Collampla petropolitana Naväs. • Illies 1966:332. Synonym of Eutactophlebia. • ZWICK 1983:179. Synonym of Kempnyia.
Diperla Naväs 1936:729. Species typica, monotypy: Diperla serrana Naväs. • Illies 1966:476. • froehlich 1979:70. Synonym of Eutactophlebia.
Forca Naväs 1925:310. Species typica, monotypy: Forca barbiellinii Naväs. • Naväs 1932a:61. Characters of $. • Stark 2001b:415. Synonym of Kempnia.
Laeissa Naväs 1934a:22. Species typica, monotypy, Laeissa colossica Naväs. • Froehlich 1988:154. Synonym of Kempnyia.
Nedanta Naväs 1932c (partim):86. Species typica, original designation: Nedanta fusca Naväs. • jEWETT 1960b:175. Synonym of Kempnyia. Distribution: Central, Southeastern, South Brazil.
alterosarum Froehlich 1988:159, figs. 34-45 (S: st9; t10; detail of t10; detail of paraproct; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; $: terminalia ventral; st9; t10; st8 of second specimen; terminalia lateral, id.). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais; Serra do Cipo, Rio Capivara [Froehlich, 22/IX/1976]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 46S, 36$.
auberti Froehlich 1996:117, figs. 1-8 (S: head and pronotum; st9; t10; detail of t10; detail of paraproct; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales, Rio Pogos Altos [Froehlich & Paprocki, 10/XI/1993]; Sao Paulo. Paratype: 1S, Parana. • BISPO & Froehlich 2004b:110.
aterrima {Macrogynoplax} Klapälek 1916:54, 73.
Syntypes: 1S, 1$, BRAZIL: Esp^rito Santo; Vienna. • JEWETT 1960b:172. Types similar to Anacroneuria. • Illies 1966:480. Nomen dubium. • ZWICK 1972a:1168. Synonym of Kempnyia neotropica.
barbiellinii {Forca} (Naväs 1925):311, fig. 38 (S, hindwing, tibia and tarsus of hindleg). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Säo Paulo, Thermas de Lyndoya [now Äguas de Lindoia] [A. Barbiellini, II/1925]; Navas. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type lost. • ILLIES 1966:476. Nomen dubium. • {Kempnyia} Stark 2001b:415.
brasilica {Forca} (Naväs 1932a):60, fig. 5 [hindwing]. Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Baräo Homem de Mello [Zikan, 19/VII/1929; 25/IX/1930] DEI. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type lost. • ILLIES 1966:476. Nomen dubium. • {Kempnyia} Stark 2001b:415.
brasiliensis {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet, Kollar Mss., 1841):216; pl. 18, fig.3 (habitus, wings expanded). Holotype, $: BRAZIL; Vienna. • {Kempnyia} Klapälek 1916:69. • Jewett, 1960b:176. Holotype: S, not $ as stated by Pictet. • Illies 1966:339. • ZwiCK 1972a:1165, fig. 7a-7e (S holotype, penis dorsal and lateral; st9, t10, paraproct). • ZwiCK 1973b:275.
calabriae Joost 1980:73, figs. 1-4 (S: wings, terminalia ventral, penis ventral, lateral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Esp^rito Santo, San[ta] Leopoldina [K. Staudinger]; Berlin. • ZwiCK 1983:177. Synonym of Kempnyia reticulata.
colossica {Laeissa} (Naväs 1934a):22, fig. 34 (head and pronotum; terminalia, dorsal; subgenital plate). Holotype, $ [not S, as stated by Naväs]: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Nova Bremen [now Presidente Getulio], Rio Laeiss [now in Jose Boiteux Municipality], 500 m [Fritz Hoffman, 10/XII/1930]; DEI. • Aubert 1956b:439. Type lost.^ jEWETT 1959a:151, fig. 4 ($, right wings). Santa Catarina. • ILLIES 1966:344. • {Kempnyia} Froehlich 1988:154; figs. 9-22 (S: penis from 2 specimens, lateral, ventral, dorsal; st9; t10; paraproct; detail of t10; $: terminalia
ventral and lateral; st9; t10). Santa Catarina;
Parana; Säo Paulo. • Petersen & Gaedike 1968:965. Holotype destroyed. • STARK 2001b:413, figs. 27-31 (S: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis dorsal, lateral ventral). • BISPO & Froehlich 2004b:110. Säo Paulo.
^ava Klapälek 1916:72. Syntypes, 2$: BRAZIL: Esp^rito Santo [Fruhstorfer]; Vienna; Berlin, lost. • Jewett 1960b:176, fig. 7, 7A, 7B (right wings, penis). $ syntype of Vienna designated as lectotype i.l.; S allotype invalid. Rio de Janeiro. • ILLIES 1966:340. • ZwiCK 1972a:1167, fig. 9d ($, outline of subgenital plate; st9; t10). Lectotype designated. • ZwiCK 1973b:276. • Froehlich 1988:153, figs. 1-4 (S, penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; paraproct). Rio de Janeiro; Säo Paulo. • BiSPO & froehlich 2004b:109.
fulvata {Nedanta} (Naväs 1932c):88. Holotype, $: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Boiteuxburgo, 800 m [P. Missfeldt, 1929-1930]; Hamburg. Aubert 1956b:439. Type lost.^ jEWETT 1959a:150. Synonym of Nedanta fusca. • Jewett 1960b:176. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. • Weidner 1962:108. Holotype in Hamburg. • ILLIES 1966:340. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. • ZwiCK 1972a:1169. ?Synonym of K. neotropica.
fusca {Nedanta} (Naväs 1932c):86, fig. 11 (S, terminalia dorsal, subgenital plate lateral; $ , terminalia ventral and dorsal). Syntypes, S, $: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Boiteuxburgo, 800 m [P. missfeldt, 1929-1930]; Hamburg. • {Kempnyia} jEWETT 1959a:150, figs 3, 3A, 3B (penis dorsal, lateral; right wings). Santa Catarina (mixed material, in part K. neotropica,fide ZwiCK 1972a). • jEWETT 1960b:177. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. • Weidner 1962:108. Two syntypes in Hamburg. • ILLIES 1966:340. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. • ZwiCK 1972a:1169. Synonym of K. neotropica.
varia {Nedanta} Naväs 1932c:88. Ad interim name for the female of Nedanta fusca Naväs. No taxonomic status.
goiana Bispo & Froehlich 2004a:5, figs. 10-16 (S: st9, t10, detail of t10, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Goias, Pirenopolis,
Corrego Inferno [LG Oliveira, 09/X/1993]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 6S.
gracilenta {Acroneuria} (Enderlein 1909b):397. Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Esp^rito Santo [H. Fruhstorfer]; Warsaw. • {Eutactophlebia} Klapälek 1916:67. • JEWETT 1960b:175, figs. 6, 6A, 6B, 6C (right wings; S: penis; ?: terminalia ventral). Fig. 6D (? terminalia) does not refer to this species, fide Froehlich 1984a. Rio de Janeiro. • ILLIES 1966:332. • ZWICK 1973a:490, figs. 32-39 (partim, figs. 32-34 refer to K. serrana, fide froehlich 1984a) (terminalia dorsal, st9, penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). • {Kempnyia} ZwiCK 1983:179. • Froehlich 1984a:137, figs. 1-3 (?, st8-9, t10). Sao Paulo.
guassu froehlich 1988:158, figs. 23-33 (S: st9; t10; detail of t10; paraproct; detail of paraproct; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ? : terminalia ventral; st9; t10).Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Rodovia Petropolis-Teresopolis Km 17 [O.S. flint, 19/IV/1977]; Sao Paulo. Paratype: 1?.
jatim froehlich 1988:169, figs. 79-90 (S: st9; abdominal segment 9 lateral; t 10; detail of t10; paraproct; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ? : st8; st9; t10). Holotype S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo; Guaratingueta, Eng. Eugenio Lefevre [Exped. Mus. Zool., 22-25/I/1963]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 4S, 1?. Additional material, Rio de Janeiro.
klugii {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet 1841):267; pl. 25, figs. 1-2 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded). Holotype, S: BRAZIL [VON Olfers]; Berlin. • {Kempnyia} Klapälek 1916 (nec Pictet 1841, fide ZwiCK 1972a):49, 69. • Jewett 1960b (nec PiCTET 1841, fide ZwiCK 1972a):176. • ILLIES 1966:340. • ZwiCK 1972a:1167, figs. 7f-7k (S holotype: penis dorsal, lateral, ventral; st9; t10; paraproct). • ZwiCK 1973b:276.
melagona Klapälek 1916:51, 71. Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Petropolis; Helsinki, now Prague. • ILLIES 1966:340. • ZwiCK 1972a:1168. Nomen dubium. • ZwiCK 1988:140. Synonym of Kempnyia neotropica.
mirim Froehlich 1984a:140, figs. 7-16 (S: head and pronotum; right wings; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal. ? : head and pronotum, 2 specimens; st8-9, t10). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Santo Andre, Estagao Biologica de Paranapiacaba [CG froehlich, 27/XI/1963]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 6?.
neotropica {Perla} (Jacobson & Bianchi 1905):617. Nomen novum for Perla (Perla) obscura Pictet 1841 (Nomen praeoccupatum). • Illies 1966:505. Possibly an Anacroneuria; nomen dubium. • {Kempnyia} ZwiCK 1972a:1168, figs. 8a-8g (S holotype: penis; paraproct; t10; other S, penis,t10; ?: outline of subgenital plate; st9; t10). • ZwiCK 1973b:276. • BISPO & froehlich 2004a:2. BRAZIL: Goias. • BISPO & froehlich 2004b:107. Sao Paulo. • BiSPO & froehlich 2008:62, figs. 1-14 (nymph: head and pronotum, forefemur, details of cercus; male: head and pronotum, sternum 9, tergum 10, peglike hairs of tergum 10, paraproct, penis lateral, ventral, dorsal, spiny patch of penis tube; female: sternum 8). Sao Paulo, Minas Gerais, Goias.
aterrima {Macrogynoplax} Klapälek 1916:54, 73. • Zwick 1972a:1168. Synonym of Kempnyia neotropica.
fulvata {Nedanta} (Naväs 1932c). • ZwiCK 1972a:169. ?Synonym of K. neotropica.
fusca {Nedanta} (Naväs 1932c). • ZwiCK 1972a:1169. Synonym of K. neotropica.
melagona Klapälek 1916:51, 71. • Zwick 1988:140. Synonym of Kempnyia neotropica.
obscura {Perla (Perla)} Pictet 1841:269; pl. 28, figs. 1-4 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded, leg, right fore wing). Holotype, S: BRAZIL [Sello]; Berlin.
•	JACOBSON & Bianchi 1905:617. Nec Perla obscura Zetterstedt 1840; Perla neotropica nom. nov.
obtusa Klapälek 1916:51, 70. Holotype, S: [BRAZIL]: "Helm"; Vienna. • jEWETT 1960b:177. Rio de Janeiro. • ILLIES 1966:340. • ZwiCK 1972a:1171, figs. 8h-8j (S holotype: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; paraproct; t10). • ZwiCK 1973b:277.
•	froehlich 1988:153, figs. 5-8 (?, st8-9, t10, terminalia lateral). Rio de Janeiro; Sao Paulo; Minas Gerais.
oliveirai Bispo & Froehlich 2004a:3, figs. 1-9 (S: st9,
t10, detail of t10, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; 5: st8, st9). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Goias, Pirenopolis, Corrego Inferno [LG Oliveira, 08/IX/1993]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 2S, 175. • BISPO & froehlich 2007:214.
petropolitana {Collampla} (Naväs 1929b):78, fig. 21 (head and pronotum, left hind wing, terminalia ventral). Holotype, 5 : BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro,
Petropolis [Fr. Ohaus, I/1905]; Hamburg. • Weidner 1962:107. Holotype in Hamburg. •
{Eutactophlebia} Illies 1966:332. • {Kempnyia} ZWICK 1983:179.
petersorum Froehlich 1996:119, figs. 9-15 (S: head and pronotum; st9; t10; detail of t10; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales [E. Trajano, 07/II/1989]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 4S, Parana. • Bispo & Froehlich 2004b:110.
Mato Dentro [I Sazima, 4/XI/1971]; Sao Paulo.
serrana {Diperla} (Naväs 1936):729, fig. 17 [right fore wing]. Holotype, S (not 5, as stated by Naväs): BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Serra de Macae [E. Garbe, 29/X/1909]; Sao Paulo. • Aubert 1956b:439. Type in Sao Paulo. • ILLIES 1966:476. Perhaps an Eutactophlebia; species inquirenda. • {Eutactophlebia} Froehlich 1979:70. • {Kempnyia} ZwiCK 1983:179. •Froehlich 1984a:139, figs. 4-6 (S holotype: penis lateral, ventral, dorsal).
gracilenta; {Eutactophlebia} ZwiCK 1973a:490 (partim: S from Esp^rito Santo, Santa Leopoldina, figs. 32-34, fide froehlich 1984a).
sordida Klapälek 1916:52, 72. Holotype, 5: BRAZIL [Shtt]; Vienna. • JEWETT 1960b:177. • ILLIES 1966:340. • ZwiCK 1972a:1171, fig. 9e (5 holotype: outline of subgenital plate, st9, t10). • ZwiCK 1973b:277.
reichardti Froehlich 1984a:143, figs. 17-25 (S: penis of two specimens, lateral, ventral, dorsal; 5 : st8-9, t10). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Serra do Caraga, 1380 m [Kloss, Lenko, Martins, SILVA, XI/1961]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 3S, 25, Minas Gerais.
tamoya Froehlich 1984a:145, figs. 26-31 (S: penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; putative 5: st8-9, t10). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Guaratingueta, Eng. Eugenio Lefevre, 1200 m [Travassos F°, Travassos, Rabello, Dente, 26/X/1963]; Sao Paulo. Paratype: Putative 5 , Sao Paulo.
remota {Neoperla} (Banks 1920):321, fig 70 (5, subgenital plate). Holotype, 5: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, New Freiburg [Nova Friburgo] [Bescke]; MCZ. • ILLIES 1966:491. Species inquirenda. • {Kempnyia} Stark 2001b:415.
reticulata {Eutactophlebia} (Klapälek) 1916:46, 66. Syntypes, 3S: BRAZIL: Esp^rito Santo; Prague. • ILLIES 1966:333. • {Kempnyia} ZwiCK 1983:177, figs 1-4 (S lectotype: penis lateral and dorsal, terminalia dorsal, st9). Extant S syntype designated as lectotype. calabriae Joost 1980:73, figs. 1-4. • ZwiCK 1983:177. Synonym of Kempnyia reticulata.
sazimai Froehlich 1988:163, figs. 58-66 (S, st9, t10, detail of t10; paraproct; detail of paraproct; spinose patch of penis; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Serra do Cipo, Km 120 on road to Conceigao do
taunayi {Perla} (Naväs 1936):726. Holotype, 5: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Serra de Macae [Garbe, 29/XI/1909]; Sao Paulo. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type in Zaragoza [no!, Sao Paulo]. • Jewett 1960b:177. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. • Illies 1966:340. As synonym of Kempnyia klugii. • Species inquirenda.
tenebrosa Klapälek 1916:50, 69. Syntypes: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Theresiopolis [Teresopolis], 1S, 25, London; Rio Grande do Sul [Stiegelmayr], 45 (2 extant), Vienna. • jEWETT 1960b:177. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. • Illies 1966:340. As synonym of Kempnyia klugii. • Kimmins 1970:351. 5 lectotype and paralectotype (without abdomen) designated. • ZwiCK 1972a: 1172, figs. 9a-9c (S: penis dorsal, lateral, ventral from 2 specimens; 5 : outline of subgenital plate; st9; t10). Species propria. BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Rio de Janeiro. • ZwiCK 1973b:277.
tijucana Dorville & Froehlich 1997:178, figs. 1-9 (right wings; S: st9, t10, detail of t10, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9, t10). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional da Tijuca [LFM Dorville, 25/X/1992]; Rio de Janeiro. Paratypes: 6S, 9?. • Dorville & froehlich 2001:387, figs. 1-5 (nymph: habitus, dorsal view, metathorax and basal abdomen ventral with gill PT3, abdominal st7-9, cercomeres, gill PT2).
umbrina Froehlich 1988:164, figs. 67-78 (S: st9; t10; detail of t10; paraproct; spinose patch of penis; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: st8; st9; t10). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais; Serra do Cipo [CG froehlich, 17/XII/1974]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 17S, 6?, Rio de Janeiro; Sao Paulo.
vanini Froehlich 1988:162, figs. 46-57 (S: st9; t10; detail of t10; paraproct; spinose patch of penis; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: terminalia lateral; st8; st9; t10). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo; Salesopolis, Estagao Biologica de Boraceia, Ribeirao Coruja [CG Froehlich, 26/I/1974]; Sao Paulo. Paratypes: 8S, 2?, Sao Paulo; Minas Gerais. • Bispo & Froehlich 2004b:2. Goias.
varia {Nedanta} Naväs 1932c:88. Ad interim name for the female of Nedanta fusca Naväs. No taxonomic status.
varipes Klapälek 1916: 52, 71. Syntypes: S, ?: BRAZIL [Shtt]; Vienna. • Jewett 1960b: 178, figs. 8, 8A, 8B, 8C [right wings; S, penis; ?, terminalia, ventral]. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro. The S figured (figs. 8A, 8B) belongs to K. neotropica, fide ZwiCK 1972a. • Illies 1966: 341. • ZwiCK 1972a: 1174., fig. 9f-g (S, paraproct; t10). Lectotype, S, paralectotype, ? , designated, both in bad conditions. • ZwiCK 1973:277.
Sp. B stark 2001b:414. One ?. BRAZIL: Parana, Rio Marumbi.
Genus Klapalekia Claassen
Klapalekia Claassen 1936:622. • Illies 1966:343. Anacroneuria? • Stark 2001b:416, fig. 32 (?, st8-9). Diagnosis, comments, species list. • Stark, froehlich & ZUNIGA 2009:126. Distribution: Colombia.
Microplax Klapälek 1914:61, 69 [In key]. • Klapälek 1916:54,74. Species typica, monotypy: Microplax augusti-braueri Klapälek. Microplax: nomen praeoccupatum.
Microplagia Klapälek 1917:114. Nomen praeoccupatum.
augustibraueri {Microplax} (Klapälek 1916):54, 74. Holotype, ?: [COLOMBIA]: Bogota; Berlin, now in Prague. • [Klapalekia} Claassen 1936:622. • illies 1966:343 • Stark 1991:189, figs. 1-5 (? holotype; terminalia ventral, vagina, egg).
Genus Macrogynoplax Enderlein
Macrogynoplax Enderlein 1909b:391 [key], 403. Species typica, monotypy: Macrogynoplax guayanensis Enderlein. • Klapälek 1916:53, 72. Key to species • Illies 1966:344. • Froehlich 1984c:44, figs. 3-7 (head and pronotum, foreleg, mandible, maxilla, labium)^ Stark & ZwiCK 1989:248. Redefinition, key to species. • Dorville & froehlich 1999:281, figs 1, 3, 7 (Nymph: head; pronotum; maxilla). • Stark 2001b:416, figs. 3338, 60 (M. spangleri: head and pronotum; S: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9; egg micropyle). Diagnosis, comments, species list. • Ribeiro & Rafael 2007:18. Comments, key to adults of Amazonas State. • Stark, Froehlich & ZUNlGA 2009:127.
Distribution: Northern South America to southeastern Brazil.
sp. Fiorentin & Corseuil 1994:36, fig. 5 (habitus). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.
sp. A stark 2001b:414, figs. 25-26, 59 (?: head and pronotum, coronal line, st8-9). 11?. BRAZIL: Parana, Rio Marumbi.
anae Ribeiro & Rafael 2007:26, figs. 35-43 (terminalia dorsal, ventral; hammer ventral, lateral; paraproct; penis dorsal, ventral, lateral, caudal). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, Igarape Ipiranga [JMF Ribeiro, J Vidal, 13-20/V/2003]; Manaus.
Paratypes: 3^. • RIBEIRO, J.M.F.; Magalhäes, C.; Rafael, J.A.; Henriques, A.L. 2009:34. Holotype in Manaus.
delicata Ribeiro-Ferreira & Froehlich 1999:134, figs. 1-6 (^: st9; paraproct; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: terminalia ventral). Holotype, BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke [UC Barbosa, 02/I/1989]; Manaus. Paratype: 1?. • RiBEiRO & Rafael 2007:19, figs. 1, 4-5, 9-17 (habitus, head and pronotum, wings; terminalia ventral and dorsal, st9, hammer, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ? : terminalia ventral). Male neotype designated. Amazonas, Para. • Ribeiro, J.M.F.; Magalhäes, C.; Rafael, J.A.; Henriques, A.L. 2009:34. Neotype in Manaus.
marauia Froehlich 2003. Ribeiro & Rafael 2007:19. Synonym of M. delicata.
^inti STARK 1996:321, figs. 10-13 (^: st9; penis]. Holotype, GUYANA: Aramatani Creek, Dubulay Ranch, 5°39.4'N, 57°55.5'W [OS Flint, 15-18/IV/1995); NMNH. Paratype: same data as holotype.
geijskesii ZWICK 1989. In: STARK & ZWICK 1989:253, figs. 19-23 (^: terminalia ventral and lateral, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, SURINAM: Table Mountain, H. Bier Falls [DC Geijskes, 30/III/1958]; Leiden.
guayanensis Enderlein 1909b:403. Holotype, ?: GUYANA: Demerara [R Haensch, II-III/1904]; Warsaw. • Illies 1966:344. • ZwiCK 1973a:488, figs. 24-31 (^ holotype, M. laticeps: paraproct, st9, t10, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral. ? holotype, terminalia).
laticeps {Neoperla} (Enderlein 1909b):410. Holotype, BRAZIL: Para; Warsaw. • ILLIES 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. • ZwiCK 1973a:488. Synonym of Macrogynoplax guayanensis.
kanuku Stark 1996:321, figs. 14-18 (^: st9, penis. ?: st8-9). Holotype GUYANA: Kumu River, Kanuku Mountains 3°15.9'N, 59°43.5'W [O.S. flint, 28-30/IV/1995]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?,
same data as holotype.
marauia Froehlich 2003:132, figs. 15-18 (head and pronotum, forewing, st8-9, egg). Holotype ? : BRAZIL: Amazonas, Rio Marauia [EJ FITTKAU, I/1963]; Sao Paulo. • RiBEiRO & Rafael 2007:19. Synonym of M. delicata.
matogrossensis BiSPO & Neves 2005 In: BiSPO, P.C.; Neves, C.O; froehlich, C.G. 2005:4, figs. 8-14 (^: head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: st9, egg). Holotype, BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, Jaciara, Corrego Tenente Amaral [CO Neves, 27/XI/1999]; Cuiaba. Paratypes: 4^, 7?.
neblina Stark 1989. In: Stark & ZwiCK 1989:248, figs. 1-9 (^: head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral and dorsal, paraproct; ? : st8-9. Putative nymph, head and pronotum, abdominal apex dorsal, thorax ventral, foreleg). Holotype VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Camp VII, 1800m [PJ Spangler, PM Spangler, R Faitoute, 30/I-10/II/1985]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4^, 1 ?, 2 nymphs, Cerro de La Neblina.
poranga Ribeiro-Ferreira & Froehlich 1999:136, 138, figs. 14-18 (^: st9; paraproct; penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). Holotype, BRAZIL: Amazonas; Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke [AC RiBEiRO Ferreira, 15/IV/1995]; Manaus, lost. • RiBEiRO & Rafael 2007:22, figs. 6, 18-25 (wings; terminalia ventral, dorsal, st.9, hammer, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Neotype designated. • Ribeiro, J.M.F.; Magalhäes, C.; Rafael, J.A.; Henriques, A.L. 2009:35. Neotype in Manaus.
pulchra Ribeiro-Ferreira & Froehlich 1999:134, figs. 7-13 (^: st9; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; paraproct; ? : terminalia, ventral; detail of inner sclerite). Holotype, BRAZIL: Amazonas; Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke [AC Ribeiro-Ferreira, 25/III/1987]; Manaus. Paratypes: 1^, 4?. • RiBEiRO & RAFAEL 2007:23, figs. 2, 3, 7, 26-34 (habitus, ^ and ?; wings; terminalia ventral, dorsal, hammer ventral, lateral, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral). • RiBEiRO, J.M.F.; Magalhäes,
C.; Rafael, J.A.; Henriques, A.L. 2009:35. Holotype in Manaus.
spangleri Stark 1989. In: Stark & Zwick 1989:251, figs. 10-18 (S: head and pronotum, t10, paraproct, st9, penis; $, st8-9. Egg). Holotype, S: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Basecamp, 140m [PJ Spangler, PM Spangler, R Faitoute, W Steiner, 1-9/II/1985]; NMNH. Paratypes: 15S, 22 $. Cerro de la Neblina. • Stark 2001b:416, figs. 33-38, 60 (head and pronotum; S: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis dorsal, ventral; $: st8-9; egg micropyle)
truncata Stark 1996 318, figs. 5-9 (S: st9; paraproct; penis. $: st8-9). Holotype, S: PERU: Loreto; Rio Nanay, 25 km SW Iquitos, 120 m, Callicebus Research Station [JB Heppner, 10-17/I/1980]; NMNH. Paratype: $.
veneranda Froehlich 1984b:39, figs. 1-13 (S: st9, t10, detail of t10, paraprocts, terminalia, penis; $: head and pronotum, st8-9, t10). Holotype, S: BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Salesopolis, Estagao Biologica de Boraceia [HM Canter, 2/XI/1968]; Sao Paulo. • Froehlich 1984b:43-48, figs. 3-7 (nymph: head and pronotum, foreleg, mandible, maxilla, labium). • BISPO & Froehlich 2004b:111.
yupanqui Stark 1996:318, figs. 1-4 (S: st9; paraproct; penis ventral, lateral). Holotype, S: PERU: Madre de Dios, R^o Tambopata, 30 km SW Maldonado, 290 m [JB Heppner, 21-25/X/1979]; NMNH.
CO-1 ZÜNIGA & stark 2007:102, Figs. 1-3 (head and pronotum, $ terminalia, egg). COLOMBIA: Caqueta, 1 $.
Genus Nigroperla Illies
Nigroperla Illies 1964b:224. Species typica, monotypy: Nigroperla costalis Illies. • Illies 1966:345. • Stark 2001b:417, figs 39-44, 61-62 (N. costalis: head and pronotum; S: terminalia dorsal, st9; penis ventral, dorsal; $ : st8-9; egg, posterior pole, micropyle). Diagnosis, comments, species list. • Stark, Froehlich & ZuNiga 2009:129. Distribution: Chile.
costalis ILLIES 1964b:225, figs. 14,16, 17 (distribution map; right wings; S: head and pronotum; foreleg; terminalia ventral; penis; $ : terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: CHILE: VIII: Arauco, Contulmo, Fundo Palo Botado (38°02'S) [PeNa, 1-3/II/1958]; DEI. Paratypes: VII (Maule); VIII: Nuble, Concepcion, Arauco. • Illies 1966:345. • JOOST 1976:206. VII: Cauquenes; VIII: Arauco. • Stark 2001b:417. VIII (Biob^o), IX (La Araucan^a), X (Los Lagos). • vera 2005:8, figs. 1-9 (nymph: head and pronotum, mandibles, maxilla, labium, abdomen dorsal, legs, cercal segments; Inconeuria, nymph: maxilla, cercal segments, pronotum; Pictetoperla, nymph: maxilla, cercal segments, pronotum; Kempnyella, nymph: maxilla, cercal segments, pronotum). Key to Perlidae nymphs.
Genus Onychoplax KlapAlek
Onychoplax KlapAlek 1914:61, 68 [In key]. • KlapAlek 1916:56, 75. Species typica: Onychoplax limbatella KlapAlek 1916 (monotypy). BRAZIL? • ILLIES 1966:346. Comments. • Stark 2001b:419. Diagnosis. • Stark, Froehlich & ZuNiga 2009:129.
limbatella KlapAlek 1916:56, 76. Holotype, $: BRAZIL? "Par."; Vienna. • ILLIES 1966:346. • froehlich 2008:126, figs. 2-4 (holotype: head and pronotum, $ st 8).
Genus Pictetoperla Illies
Pictetoperla Illies 1964b:210. Species typica, original designation: Perla gayi Pictet 1841. • Illies 1966:349. • Stark 2001b:419, figs. 45-50, 53-56 (P. gayi: head and pronotum; S: terminlia dorsal, st9, penis ventral, dorsal; $ : st8-9; egg, posterior pole, anterior pole. P.repanda: $ st9 and intersegmental microtrichia). Diagnosis, comments, species list. • Stark, Froehlich & ZuNiga 2009:131. Distribution: Chile and Argentina, south from ca. 35°S.
brundini Illies 1964b:215, figs7-8 ($: head and pronotum, terminalia ventral; nymph: head, mandible, maxilla). Holotype, $: CHILE: X: Llanquihue, Rio Petrohue, 41°10'S [Brundin,
11/I/1959]; Illies. Paratypes: 9 nymphs, 1 mature. • Werner 1965:232. VIII: Curico; X: Chiloe. •
STARK 2001b:414. $ synonym of Kempnyella genualis. • 2005:12. The nymph of ILLIES 1964b is Pictetoperla.
gayi {Perla (Perla)} (Pictet 1841):235; pl. 10, fig. 3 (habitus, wings expanded). Holotype, $ : CHILE; Paris, lost. • Blanchard 1851:99, pl. 1, fig. 4 (habitus). IV: Coquimbo. • {Macrogynoplax} KlapAlek 1916:73. • {Pictetoperla} Illies 1964b:212, figs. 2-6, 14 (right wings; S: habitus; head and prothorax; foreleg; terminalia ventral; penis tip; detail of penis. $ : terminalia ventral. Nymph: habitus; head; mandible; maxilla. Distribution map). on both sides of the Andes, south from ca. 39°S. • Werner 1965:232. VII: Curico; XI: Aisen. • ILLIES 1966:349. • ZWICK 1972a:1174. • STARK 2001b:418-420, figs. 45-50, 5354 (head and pronotum; S: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis ventral, dorsal; $ : st8-9; egg, posterior pole, anterior pole). • VERA 2005:8, figs 7c, 8c, 9c (nymph: maxilla, pronotum, cercal segments). X (Los Lagos).^ Miserendino & Pizzolon 2003:538. ARGENTINA: R^o Negro, Chubut.
lacarina {Neoperla} (NavAs 1918):82. Syntypes: S, $: ARGENTINA: Neuquen, Lago Lacar [III/1898]. R^o Negro, Rio Caleufu [Bruch, 1898]; La Plata, Navas. • Aubert 1956b:440. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata). • Illies 1964b:212. Synonym of Pictetoperla gay.
magellanica {Kempnyia} (KlapAlek 1916):69. CHILE: XII: Magallanes, Straits of Magellan [S.M.S. Alert, 24/II/1879]; London. • Illies 1964b:212. Synonym of Pictetoperla gayi. • Kimmins 1970:345. S holotype in London.
nahuelina {Neoperla} (NavAs 1918):83. Holotype, $: ARGENTINA: R^o Negro; Nahuel Huapi [Bruch, II/1898]; La Plata. • Aubert 1956b:441. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata)^ Illies 1964b:212. Synonym of Pictetoperla gayi.
repanda {Perla} (Banks 1920):320; pl. 4, figs. 46-47 (base of forewing; S terminalia ventral). Holotype, S: CHILE [Hagen]; MCZ. • {Pictetoperla} Illies 1964b:217, figs. 9-10 (S holotype: terminalia ventral, detail of penis; $ : terminalia ventral; nymph: head; mandible;
maxilla); CHILE and ARGENTINA, on higher parts of the Andes, from 33° to 45°S. • Illies 1966:350. • JOOST 1976:206. CHILE: VII: Cauquenes. • Stark 2001b:420, figs. 55-56 ($ st9, intersegmental microtrichia).
Fossils
Gripopterygidae
tEuxenoperlinae RIEK 1976
tEuxenoperlinae RiEK 1976: 766
Genus Gondwanoperlidium Pinto & Purper 1978
tGondwanoperlidium Pinto & Purper 1978:79. Species typica, original designation: Gondwanoperlidium argentinarum Pinto & Purper. Distribution: Argentina: Mendoza, Potrerillos Formation, Cacheuta Group, Upper Triassic.
argentinarum Pinto & Purper 1978:80, Pl. I, fig. 3; Pl II, fig. 1 (distal half of forewing). Holotype: ARGENTINA: Mendoza, 14 km W Mendoza, Potrerillos Formation, Cacheuta Group, Upper Triassic; La Plata.
mendozensis Pinto & Purper 1978:81, Pl. I, fig. 4; Pl II, fig. 2 (distal half of forewing). Holotype: ARGENTINA: Mendoza, 14 km W Mendoza, Potrerillos Formation, Cacheuta Group, Upper Triassic; Cordoba.
Genus tArgentinoperlidium Martins-Neto & Gallego 2003:236. Species typica, original designation: Argentinoperlidium rogersi Martins-Neto & Gallego. Distribution: Argentina, Mendoza.
rogersi Martins-Neto & Gallego 2003:236, fig. 2E (wing fragment). Holotype: ARGENTINA: Mendoza, Cerro Cacheuta; Potrerillos Formation, late Middle Triassic to early Late Triassic. La Plata.
tPerlapsocidae
Perlapsocidae Pinto & Pineiro 2000:92
Genus fPerlapsocus Pinto & Pineiro 2000:94. Species typica, original designation: Perlapsocus formosoi Pinto & Pineiro. Distribution: uruguay.
formosoi Pinto & Pineiro 2000:94, figs. 4B1, 5, 7 (fore wing). Holotype: URUGUAY: Cerro Largo, Estancia "El Baron". Mangrullo Member, Melo Formation, Permian.
Perlidae
Anacroneuriinae
Genus fDominiperla Stark & Lentz 1992:94. Species typica, monotypy, Dominiperla antigua Stark. Distribution: Dominican amber.
antigua Stark & Lentz 1992:95, figs.1-5 (fore wing, details of fore wings, $ terminalia ventral). Holotype, $: Dominican amber, exact locality unknown. NMNH.
Acroneuriinae?
Genus fEuperlida Cifuentes-Ruiz 2007:674. Species typica, monotypy, Euperlida parvicercifera Cifuentes-Ruiz.
Distribution: oligocene Coatzingo Formation, Puebla, Mexico.
parvicercifera Cifuentes-Ruiz 2007:674, fig. 2 (photograph and reconstruction).
Nomina nuda/oblita
Nemoura rufescens Blanchard 1851:102, pl. 1, fig. 5 (habitus). Holotype: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia; VIII: San Carlos. • Aubert 1960:60. Nomen nudum. • ILLIES 1961:99. Nomen nudum. • Illies 1966:472. Nomen oblitum.
Perla infuscata Blanchard 1851 (nec Newman 1838). In Gay, Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia 6:100. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia. Nomen
praeoccupatum.
Perla blanchardi Jacobson & Bianchi 1905:617. Nom. nov. for Perla infuscata Blanchard. • Illies 1964b:209. Nomen nudum. • Illies 1966:498. Nomen oblitum.
Perla lineatocollis Blanchard 1851. In Gay, Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia 6:101. CHILE. • (lineaticollis); Illies 1964b:209. Nomen nudum. • ILLIES 1966:504. On account of the small body size, probably not a Perlidae. Nomen dubium.
Perla mexicana Guerin 1838:394. MEXICO; missing. • ILLIES 1966:505. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen oblitum. • STARK & Kondratieff 2004:1. A species that cannot be recognized.
Perla stictica Blanchard 1851. In Gay, Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia 6:100. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia. • ILLIES 1964b:209. Nomen nudum. • ILLIES 1966:508. On account of the small body size, probably not a Perlidae. Nomen dubium.
Appendix
Naväs' secondary citations
Diamphipnoa virescentipennis; Naväs 1930b. CHILE:
Paguipulli [PIRION, 01/XII/1929]. Gripopteryx Jaffueli; Navas 1930b:353. CHILE: Panguipulli [01/I/1930; Long Long [01/1/1930]; Cunco [02/I/1930]; Marga Marga [X/1927] [PIRION].
Gripopteryx neofriburgensis; Naväs 1926d:331.
[CHILE]: Talca [H. Flaminio, II]. Gripopteryx Panguipulli; Naväs 1930b:354. [CHILE]:
Panguipulli [PIRION, 01-09/I/1930]. Gripopteryx tessellata; Naväs 1934b:163. CHILE:
Santiago [A Faz, XII/1925]. Klapopteryx armillata; Naväs 1930b:355. [CHILE]:
Panguipulli [PIRION, 29/XI/1929]. Macrogynoplax Gayi Blanch.; Naväs 1930b:355.
[CHILE]: Long Long [PIRION, 10/I/1930]. Nemura Pirioni; Naväs 1930b:356. [CHILE]:
Concepcion [PIRION, X/1927]. Neonemura Barrosi; Naväs 1929c:23. CHILE: [Maule], Panimavida.
Neonemura Barrosi; Naväs 1930b:356. [CHILE]: Cunco [01/I/1930]; Panguipulli [26/XII/1929].
Neoperla antica; Naväs 1926b:90. COSTA RICA: Orosi; PANAMA: Lino.
Neoperla antica; Naväs 1929b:80. COSTA RICA: San Jose.
Neoperla apollinaris; Naväs 1932b:312. COLOMBIA [Quindio], Armenia, 1800m [F DUCHARTRE, 10/X/1930]; Paris.
Neoperla costana; NaväS 1926b:90. COSTA RICA: San Jose and Orosi. Paris.
Neoperla costana; Naväs 1926c:108. GUATEMALA [Angraud]; Paris.
Neoperla costana; NaväS 1928:119. BOLIVIA: [La Paz], Coroico.
Neoperla costana; NaväS 1929b:80. COSTA RICA: San Jose [Henry Schmidt, V-VIII/1910]; Limon [Nevermann X/1921]; Hamburg.
Neoperla egena; NaväS 1928:119. BOLIVIA: [La Paz], Coroico.
Neoperla egena; Naväs, 1929a:80. ECUADOR: Pucay, W Cordillere [Fr. Ohaus, 3-26.VI.1905]. Hamburg.
Neoperla fenestrata; Naväs 1928:119. BOLIVIA: [La Paz], Coroico.
Neoperlafenestrata; NaväS 1936:727. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Serra de Macae [29/VII/1909]; Sao Paulo, Alto da Serra [XII/1907]; Sao Paulo.
Neoperlafuscescens; NaväS 1936:727. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Serra de Macae [29/X/1909]; Sao Paulo.
Neoperla media; Naväs 1928:119. ECUADOR: Azogues, Biblian.
Neoperla media; Naväs 1929b:80. BOLIVIA or CHILE [Boeck]; Hamburg.
Neoperla media; NaväS 1936:727. BRAZIL: Santa Catarina. Sao Paulo.
Neoperla peruviana; Naväs 1928:119. PARAGUAY: [Itapua], Hohenau.
Neoperla peruviana; Naväs 1929a:80. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Petropolis [Fr. Ohaus, I/1909]; Hamburg.
Neoperla Porteri; NaväS 1928:119. CHILE: Panguipulli [17/XI/1924]. Details of male.
Neoperla Porteri; NaväS 1930b:355. [CHILE]: Panguipulli [PIRION, 16/XII/1929]. Three specimens.
Paragripopteryx reticulata; Naväs 1934b:163. CHILE: Panguipulli [22/XI/1927].
Perla Gayi; Naväs 1928:119. CHILE: [Malleco],
Lonquimay [1925].
Perla Gayi; NaväS 1929c:23. CHILE: B^o B^o [F Ruiz].
Perla Gayi; NaväS 1930^:72. CHILE: [Atacama], Copiapo. [XI/1853].
Perla Porteri; NaväS 1934a:22. CHILE: Choapa [F Ruiz, II/1931]; Berlin.
Perlinella virescentipennis; Naväs 1918:81. ARGENTINA: R^o Negro, Lago Nahuel Huapi, [Bruch, II/1898]; Navas. [CHILE]: Valdivia y San Felipe.
Perlinella virescentipennis; Naväs 1924c:13. [CHILE]: Araucania [A Vicuna G].
Perlinella virescentipennis; Naväs 1926d:331. [CHILE]: Curacautin [F Ruiz, 1922].
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TAXA INDEX
Abranchioperla 140 Abranchioperlidae 140 achagua, Anacroneuria 145 Acroneuriini 122 Acroneuriinae 122, 144, 187 acutipennis, Anacroneuria 145, 155 adamsae, Anacroneuria 145 aethiops, Perla, Anacroneuria 145 alajuela, Anacroneuria 145 albimacula, Anacroneuria 145 Alfonsoperla 122, 130, 137 altera, Antarctoperla 126 alterosarum, Kempnyia 179 amaru, Anacroneuria 145 amazonica, Anacroneuria 145, 161 amboro, Anacroneuria 146 ampla, Anacroneuria 146
Anacroneuria 118, 119, 120, 122, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 173, 174, 177, 180, 181, 183, 187 Anacroneuriinae 187 Anacroneuriini 122 anae, Macrogynoplax 183 anchicaya, Anacroneuria 146 anderssoni, Antarctoperla 126 Andesobius 122, 124, 125 Andiperla 122, 126, 130 Andiperlinae 126, 128, 130 Andiperlodes 122, 126, 130
anga, Paragripopteryx 135 angusticollis, Anacroneuria 146, 157, 163 annularis, Perla, Anacroneuria 146 annulata, Diamphipnoa 123
annulicauda, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 146, 157, 158,
160, 163, 171 annulipalpis, Anacroneuria 146, 147, 168 antarctica, Leuctra, Udamocercia 144 Antarctoperla 122, 126, 127, 129, 140 Antarctoperlinae 122, 126, 128, 129, 135 antica, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 147, 188 antigua, Dominiperla 187 antizana, Anacroneuria 147 apicalis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 147, 176 appollinaris, apollinaris, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 147, 188
Araucanioperla 122, 126, 127, 129, 135 araucoana, Austronemoura 142 arawak, Anacroneuria 147 arcabuco, Anacroneuria 147 Archiperlaria 122
archiplatae, Abranchioperla, Notoperla 140, 141
arcuata, Anacroneuria 147
areolata, Neofulla 143
argentinarum, Gondwanoperlidium 186
Argentinoperlidium 186
armillata, Klapopteryx 125, 187
aroucana, Anacroneuria 147
arrazaylensis, Anacroneuria 147
arumifera, Udamocercia 144
aterrima, Macrogynoplax, Kempnyia 179, 181
atrifrons, Anacroneuria 147
atrinota, Anacroneuria 147
auberti, Austronemoura 142
auberti, Kempnyia 179
auberti, Teutoperla 137
Aubertoperla 122, 130
auca, Anacroneuria 148
augustibraueri, Inconeuria, Klapalekia 183
aurata, Anacroneuria 148
Austronemoura 122, 142, 144
Austroperlidae 118, 119, 122, 124, 135
aymara, Anacroneuria 148
azul, Anacroneuria 148
badilinea, Anacroneuria 148
baniva, Anacroneuria 148
baratinii, Paragripopteryx 135
barbata, Penturoperla 125
barbiellinii, Forca, Kempnyia 179, 180 bari, Anacroneuria 148
barilochensis, Klapopteryx, Andesobius 124, 125
barrosi, Neonemura 143, 187, 188
baumanni, Anacroneuria 148
beckeri, Guaranyperla 134
benedettoi, Anacroneuria 148
beschi, Chilenoperla 127,128
beschi, Diamphipnopsis 123
bifasciata, Perla, Anacroneuria 148
biloba, Anacroneuria 149
biloba, Neofulla 143
bipunctata, Anacroneuria 149
blanca, Anacroneuria 149
blanchardi, Perla 187
blanda, Anacroneuria 149
blanda, Paragripopteryx 132,135
bolivari, Anacroneuria 149
boliviensis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 149
bonita, Enderleina 177
boraceiensis, Anacroneuria 149
borggreenae, Plegoperla 129
bovei, Notoperla 140
brailovskyi, Anacroneuria 149
brandaoi, Anacroneuria 149
brasilica, Forca, Kempnyia 180
brasiliensis, Gripoptera, Gripopteryx 131, 132, 133
brasiliensis, Perla, Kempnyia 180
brevicollis, Anacroneuria 149, 154
brincki, Antarctoperla, Araucanioperla 126, 127
brundini, Pictetoperla 179, 187
brundini, Teutoperla 137
brunneilata, Anacroneuria 149
buenoi, Anacroneuria 149
bulbosa, Anacroneuria 150
bullocki, Gripopteryx, Araucanioperla 127
cacute, Anacroneuria 150
cajas, Anacroneuria 150
calabriae, Kempnyia 180, 182
calima, Anacroneuria 150
callanga, Anacroneuria 150
camposi, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 150
cana, Anacroneuria 150
cancellata, Capnia, Gripopteryx 131, 132, 133, 135, 136
canchi, Anacroneuria 150
canelo, Anacroneuria 150
Capnia 131, 132, 138
caraa, Anacroneuria 150
caraca, Anacroneuria 150
caraja, Anacroneuria 150
caramavidensis, Austronemoura 142, 143
carchi, Anacroneuria 150
carole, Anacroneuria 151
cathia, Anacroneuria 151
cayapa, Anacroneuria 151
Ceratoperla 122, 127
chachis, Anacroneuria 151
chaima, Anacroneuria 151
chavin, Anacroneuria 151
chiapasa, Anacroneuria 151, 167
chilena, Austronemoura 142
Chilenoperla 122, 126, 127
chimborazo, Anacroneuria 151
chimu, Inconeuria 178
chipaya, Anacroneuria 151
chiquita, Anacroneuria 151
Chloroperla 155
choachi, Anacroneuria 151
choco, Anacroneuria 151
chorrera, Anacroneuria 151
cincta, Perla, Anacroneuria 151
cipriano, Anacroneuria 152
citara, Anacroneuria 152
claudiae, Anacroneuria 152
Claudioperla 122, 126, 131, 137
CO-1, Anacroneuria 163, 176
Co-1, Macrogynoplax 177
CO-2, Anacroneuria 176
CO-3, Anacroneuria 176
CO-4, Anacroneuria 176
CO-5, Anacroneuria 176
CO-6, Anacroneuria 176
CO-7, Anacroneuria 176
CO-8, Anacroneuria 176
Co-9, Anacroneuria 177
Co-10, Anacroneuria 177
cochabamba, Anacroneuria 152
Coeloperla 145, 166
colberti, Diamphipnoa 123
Collampla 179, 182
collaris, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 152
colossica, Kempnyia 179, 180
comanche, Anacroneuria 152, 160
conspicua, Notoperla 140
contrerasi, Anacroneuria 152
cordillera, Anacroneuria 152
coroicana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 152
coronata, Anacroneuria 152
coruja, Gripopteryx 132, 133
coscaroni, Anacroneuria 152
cosnipata, Anacroneuria 152
costalis, Perla, Anacroneuria 153, 156
costalis, Klapopteryx 125
costalis, Nigroperla 185
costana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 153, 188
cotacachi, Anacroneuria 153
cotopaxi, Anacroneuria 153
crassila, Paragripopteryx 134, 135
crenulata, Anacroneuria 153, 160, 168, 173
cruza, Anacroneuria 153
cuadrada, Anacroneuria 153
curiosa, Anacroneuria 153, 156
cusi, Anacroneuria 153
cuzco, Anacroneuria 153
dampfi, Anacroneuria 154, 167
debilis, Perla, Anacroneuria 149, 154
decipiens, Austronemoura 142
delicata, Macrogynoplax 184
delicata, Paragripopteryx 135
Diamphipnoa 122, 123, 187
Diamphipnoidae 122, 123
Diamphipnoinae 122
Diamphipnopsis 122, 123
diaphana, Anacroneuria 154
digitata, Anacroneuria 154
dilaticollis, Perla, Anacroneuria 154, 64, 66
dimidiata, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 154
Dinotoperlinae 122, 129
Diperla 179, 182
divisa, Forquilla, Anacroneuria 145, 154 Dominiperla 187
dourada, dousada, Anacroneuria 154 egena, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 154, 188 egena, Paragripopteryx 136 eleonorae, Paragripopteryx, Tupiperla 138 elisae, Gripopteryx 132 elongata, Chilenoperla 128 encoensis, Austronemoura 142 Enderleina 122, 177 enderleini, Gripopteryx 131 eudoxiae, Austronemoura 142, 143 Eustheniidae 122, 124 Eustheniinae 122, 124 Eusthenioidea 122
Eutactophlebia 179, 181, 182 Euxenoperlinae 186 expansa, Anacroneuria 145, 154 exquisita, Anacroneuria 155 Falklandoperla 131, 140 farallonensis, Anacroneuria 155 fasciata, Notoperla 140 fazi, Notoperla, Ceratoperla 127 femina, Notoperlopsis 141 fenestrata, Perla, Anacroneuria 155, 188 fiorentini, Anacroneuria 155 fittkaui, Anacroneuria 155 flava, Kempnyia 180 flavicoronata, Anacroneuria 155 flavifacies, Anacroneuria 155 flavifrons, Anacroneuria 155 flavilatera, Anacroneuria 155 flavolineata, Anacroneuria 155 flavominuta, Anacroneuria 153, 155 flinti, Alfonsoperla 130, 137 flinti, Anacroneuria 156 flinti, Enderleina 177, 178 flinti, Gripopteryx 132 flinti, Macrogynoplax 184 flinti, Tupiperla 138 flintorum, Anacroneuria 156 flintorum, Austronemoura 142 Forca 179, 180 forcipata, Anacroneuria 156 formosoi, Perlapsocus 187 Forquilla 145, 154, 168, 173, 174 frantzi, Udamocercia 144 froehlichi, Enderleina 178 fuegiana, Antarctoperla, Notoperla 140 Fulla 143
fulvata, Nedanta, Kempnyia 180, 181
fulvipennis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 156
fumigata, Anacroneuria 156
furfurosa, Anacroneuria 156
fusca, Nedanta, Kempnyia 145, 179, 180, 181, 183
fuscescens, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 156, 188
fuscicosta, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 156
galba, Anacroneuria 156
garbei, Gripopteryx 132, 135
gayi, Perla, Macrogynoplax, Pictetoperla 185, 186, 187, 188
geijskesii, Macrogynoplax 184 genualis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 156
genualis, Kempnyella 178, 179, 186
Genus ca. Anacroneuria 177
goiana, Kempnyia 180
Gondwanoperlidium 186
gr. crenulata, Anacroneuria 173
gracilenta, Acroneuria, Kempnyia 181, 182
gracilis, Semblis, Gripopteryx, Paragripopteryx, Tupiperla
136, 138, 139 Gripoptera 131, 133
Gripopterygidae 122, 125, 126, 134, 135, 136, 139, 186
Gripopteryginae 122, 130, 131, 134, 136, 137, 138,
139, 141 Gripopterygoidea 122, 124 Gripopteryx 118, 122, 126, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134,
135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 187 group A, Gripopterygidae, Gripopteryx 134 group B, Gripopterygidae, Gripopteryx 134 group C, Gripopterygidae, Tupiperla 139 group D, Gripopterygidae, Paragripopteryx 136 Gu-1, Anacroneuria 177 Gu-2, Anacroneuria 177 Gu-3, Anacroneuria 177 Gu-4, Anacroneuria 177 Gu-5, Anacroneuria 177 guaikuru, Anacroneuria 157 guambiana, Anacroneuria 157 guapiara, Guaranyperla 134 Guaranyperla 122, 134 guardae, Paragripopteryx 136 guassu, Kempnyia 181 guatemalensis, Anacroneuria 146, 157 guayanensis, Macrogynoplax 159, 183, 184 guayaquil, Anacroneuria 157 hacha, Anacroneuria 157 hamata, Paragripopteryx 136 handlirschi, Anacroneuria 146, 157 harperi, Anacroneuria 157 helgae, Diamphipnoa 123 hemiphaea, Anacroneuria 157 heppneri, Anacroneuria 157 hieroglyphica, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 157 holdgatei, Andiperlodes 130 holzenthali, Anacroneuria 157 hoogstraali, hoogstrati, Anacroneuria 158 huayna, Anacroneuria 158 hyalina, Perla, Anacroneuria 146, 158, 162 hyalinipennis, var., Gripopteryx, Potamoperla 137
ignatiana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 158
iguaque, Anacroneuria 158
illiesi, Aubertoperla 130
illiesi, Chilenoperla 128
illiesi, Neonemura 144
illiesi, Tupiperla 138
Illiesia 143
impensa, Anacroneuria 158 Inca 178
inca, Anacroneuria 158
Inconeuria 122, 178, 185
infuscata, Perla 187
intermixta, Anacroneuria 158
inza, Anacroneuria 158
iporanga, Anacroneuria 158
iridescens, Anacroneuria 158
isleta, Anacroneuria 158
isoscelia, Nedanta, Anacroneuria 145, 159, 160
itajaimirim, Anacroneuria 159
izapa, Anacroneuria 159
jaciara, Anacroneuria 159
jaffueli, Gripopteryx, Limnoperla 134, 135, 187
jatim, Kempnyia 181
jewetti, Anacroneuria 159
Jewettoperla 132, 135, 136
jivaro, Anacroneuria 159
juetah, Gripopteryx 132
jumirim, Tupiperla 138
kanuku, Macrogynoplax 184
karina, Anacroneuria 159
kelper, Falklandoperla 131, 140
Kempnyella 122, 178, 179, 185, 186
Kempnyia 122, 160, 179, 180, 181, 182, 186
kitchensi, Anacroneuria 159
klapaleki, Paragripopteryx 135, 136
Klapalekia 122, 183
Klapopteryx 122, 124, 125, 133, 187
klugii, Perla, Kempnyia 180, 181, 182
kondratieffi, Anacroneuria 159
kuscheli, Aubertoperla 131
kuscheli, Klapopteryx 125
kuscheli, Megandiperla 128
lacarina, Neoperla, Pictetoperla 186
lacunaris, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 159
lacunosa, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 159
Laeissa 179, 180
laminata, Anacroneuria 159
larval type A, Araucanioperla? 127, 129, 135
larval type B, Araucanioperla? 129 larval type C, Araucanioperla? 127 larval type X, Teutoperla? 130, 137 laticeps, Neoperla, Macrogynoplax 159, 184 latissima, Anacroneuria 159 lepida, Anacroneuria 160 Leptoperlinae 122, 140 Leptoperloidea 124 lestagei, Peltoperla, Anacroneuria 160 Leuctra 144 liana, Gripopteryx 132 lichenalis, Diamphipnoa 123 limbatella, Onychoplax 185 Limnoperla 122, 134, 135 lineata, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 160, 171 lineatocollis, lineaticollis, Perla 187 litura, Anacroneuria 152, 153, 160, 168 llaima, Puhenioperla 128 llana, Anacroneuria 160
longicauda, Perla, Anacroneuria 149, 159, 160, 164
longinqua, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 160
loreto, Anacroneuria 160
lupaca, Anacroneuria 160
luteicollis, Perla, Anacroneuria 160
macdowalli, Notoperla 141
Macrogynoplax 122, 159, 161, 179, 181, 183, 184, 186, 187
maculata, Neonemura 144 maculosa, Gripopteryx 133 magellanica, Kempnyia, Pictetoperla 186 magnaspina, Notoperla 141 magnirufa, Anacroneuria 161 major, Anacroneuria 161 makushi, Anacroneuria 161 manauensis, Anacroneuria 161 marauia, Macrogynoplax 184 marca, Anacroneuria 161 marcapatica, Inconeuria 178 marginata, Anacroneuria 161 maritza, Anacroneuria 161 marlieri, Anacroneuria 146, 161 marshalli, Anacroneuria 161 marta, Anacroneuria 162 matogrossensis, Macrogynoplax 184 maulina,Teutoperla 137 media, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 162, 188 Megandiperla 122, 126, 128 melagona, Kempnyia 181
melzeri, Anacroneuria 162
mendozensis, Gondwanoperlidium 186
menuda, Anacroneuria 162
merui, Paragripopteryx 136
meta, Anacroneuria 162
mexicana, Perla 187
michaelseni, Antarctoperla 126, 127
michelbacheri, Gripopteryx 136
Microplagia 183
Microplax 183
mindo, Anacroneuria 162
minuta, Anacroneuria 162
mirim, Kempnyia 181
misionera, Tupiperla 138
mixteca, Anacroneuria 162
moche, Anacroneuria 162
mochica, Anacroneuria 162
modesta, Tupiperla 138
mollis, Anacroneuria 146, 158, 162
montera, Anacroneuria 162
morena, Anacroneuria 163
morio, Perla, Anacroneuria 163
muesca, Anacroneuria 163
munchique, Anacroneuria 163
munoai, Paragripopteryx 136
myrmidon, Perla, Potamoperla 136, 137
nahuelina, Neoperla, Pictetoperla 186
naomi, Anacroneuria 163
nazca, Anacroneuria 163
neblina, Macrogynoplax 184
Nedanta 145, 159, 160, 179, 180, 181, 183
Nemouroidea 122
neofriburgensis, Gripopteryx 138, 139, 187 Neofulla 122, 143 Neonemura 122, 143, 187, 188 Neopentura 122, 127, 129, 135 Neoperla 146, 147, 149, 150, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 173, 174, 178, 182, 184, 186, 188 neotropica, Perla, Kempnyia 180, 181, 183 Neuroperla 122, 124 Neuroperlopsis 122, 124 nigrocincta, Perla, Anacroneuria 146, 163 nigrolineata, Anacroneuria 163 Nigroperla 122, 185 nitens, Guaranyperla 134 Notonemouridae 118, 119, 122, 142 Notonemourinae 142, 144, 163
Notoperla 122, 127, 140, 141 Notoperlopsis 122, 141 novateutonia, Anacroneuria 163 obscura, Perla 181 obtusa, Kempnyia 181 ocellata Neoperla, Anacroneuria 164 ochracea, Anacroneuria 164 oculatila, Anacroneuria 164 ofaye, Anacroneuria 164 ohausiana, Anacroneuria 164 oliveirai, Kempnyia 181 oliveirai, Tupiperla 138 olmec, Anacroneuria 164 oncina, Gripopteryx 136 Onychoplax 122, 185 oreja, Anacroneuria 164 orphana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 164 otun, Anacroneuria 164 pacaje, Anacroneuria 164 pachacuti, Anacroneuria 164 pacifica, Anacroneuria 165 paez, Anacroneuria 165 paisa, Anacroneuria 165 pakitza, Anacroneuria 165 paleta, Anacroneuria 165 pallens, Anacroneuria 165 pallida, Anacroneuria 165 panguipullii, Gripopteryx, Senzilloides 141, 187 Paragripopteryginae 126, 130, 131, 134, 135, 136, 137
Paragripopteryx 122, 132, 135, 136, 138, 139, 188
pardina, Gripopteryx 132, 133
pareja, Anacroneuria 165
paria, Anacroneuria 165
parilobata, Anacroneuria 165
parva, Anacroneuria 165
pastaza, Anacroneuria 165
pastora, Anacroneuria 166
patris, Neuroperlopsis 124
paulina, Anacroneuria 145, 166
payagua, Anacroneuria 166
PE-1, Anacroneuria 177
pehlkei, pehlke, Anacroneuria 166
pellucida, Anacroneuria 166
Peltoperla 160
Pelurgoperla 122, 127, 129
penai, Rhithroperla 137
Penturoperla 122, 124, 125
Penturoperlidae 124
pequena, Anacroneuria 166 perija, Anacroneuria 166
Perla 123, 136, 145, 146, 148, 151, 152, 153 154, 155, 158, 160, 162, 163, 168, 170, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 185, 186, 187, 188 Perlidae 119, 122, 144, 185, 187 Perlapsocidae 186, 187 Perlapsocus 187 Perloidea 122, 144 perplexa, Anacroneuria 166 perpusilla, Anacroneuria 166 personata, Pelurgoperla 129 peruviana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 166, 188 petersi, Anacroneuria 166 petersorum, Kempnyia 182 petropolitana, Collampla, Kempnyia 179, 182 phantoma, Anacroneuria 167 Pictetoperla 122, 179, 185, 186 pictipes, Anacroneuria 167 pilosa, Gripopteryx 133 pinima, Gripopteryx 133 pinza, Anacroneuria 167 pirata, Uncicauda 139 pirioni, Gripopteryx 134 pirioni, Gemnra, Nemura 144, 187 pistacina, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 167 plagata, plagiata, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 167 planada, Anacroneuria 167 planicollis, Anacroneuria 151,154, 167, 168 plaumanni, Anacroneuria 146, 167 Plegoperla 122, 129
plutonis,Neoperla, Anacroneuria 167, 168, 173
polita, Perla, Anacroneuria 168
poranga, Macrogynoplax 184
porteri, Neoperla, Perla, Inconeuria 178, 188
portilla, Anacroneuria 168
posticata, postica, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 168
Potamoperla 122, 136, 137, 139
preclara, Enderleina 177, 178
proxima, Anacroneuria 160, 168
profunda, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 168
Pseudoperla 154, 163
pucallpa, Anacroneuria 168
Puhenioperla 128
puerilis, Chilenoperla 128
pulchra, Macrogynoplax 184
puna, Anacroneuria 168
punctata, Antarctoperla, Plegoperla 129
quadrangularis, Austronemoura 143
quadriloba, Anacroneuria 147, 168
quechua, Anacroneuria 168
quetzalcoatl, Anacroneuria 169
quijo, Anacroneuria 169
quilla, Anacroneuria 169
quimbaya, Anacroneuria 169
ramealis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 169
ratcliffei, Anacroneuria 169
rawlinsi, Anacroneuria 169
reedi, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 169
regleta, Anacroneuria 169
reichardti, Kempnyia 182
reichardti, Tupiperla 138
remota, Neoperla, Kempnyia 182
repanda, Neoperla, Pictetoperla 185, 186
reticulata, Gripopteryx 118, 133
reticulata, Eutactophlebia, Kempnyia 179, 180, 182
reticulata, Paragripopteryx 188
Rhithroperla 122, 137
ricki, Anacroneuria 169
robusta, Tupiperla 139
rogersi, Argentinoperlidium 186
rondoniae, Anacroneuria 169
rosita, Anacroneuria 169
rossi, Anacroneuria 170
rossi, Gripopteryx, Rhithroperla 137
rothi, Teutoperla 137
rufescens, Nemoura 187
rugosa, Anacroneuria 170
ruizi, Gripopteryx, Antarctoperla 126
saltensis, Anacroneuria 170
samali, Diamphipnopsis 123, 124
sazimai, Kempnyia 182
schedingi, Stenoperla, Neuroperla 124
schmidti, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 170, 174
schwabei, Ceratoperla 127
segnini, Anacroneuria 170
Semblis 138
semifusca, Neopentura 127, 129, 135
semitincta, Chilenoperla 127, 128
senahu, Anacroneuria 170
Senzilla 140, 141
Senzillidae 140
Senzilloides 122, 141
serrana, Diperla, Kempnyia 179, 181, 182
serrei, Gripopteryx 132, 133
serrensis, Gripopteryx 133
shamatari, Anacroneuria 170
shepardi, Anacroneuria 170
signata, Perla, Anacroneuria 170
socapa, Anacroneuria 170
sonora, Anacroneuria 170
sordida, Kempnyia 182
sp., Anacroneuria Fiorentin & Corseuil 176
sp., Anacroneuria Needham & Broughton 176
sp., Anacroneuria Zwick 176
sp., Araucanioperla? 127
sp., Chilenoperla 128
sp., Claudiperla 131
sp., Jewett, Gripopteryx 135
sp., Klapalek, Gripopteryx 134
sp., Klapalek, Gripopteryx? 134
sp., Nemurella, Udamocercia 144
spp. Guaranyperla 134
sp. A, Anacroneuria Harper 176
sp. A, Anacroneuria Stark 145, 176
sp. A, Anacroneuria Maldonado et al. 171, 176
sp. A, Gripopteryginae 131, 139
sp. A, Guaranyperla 134
sp. A, Kempnyia 183
sp. A, Tupiperla 139
sp. B, Anacroneuria 157, 176
sp. B, Antarctoperlinae 129
sp.B, Tupiperla 139
sp. C, Anacroneuria 145, 176
sp. C, Tupiperla 139
sp. D, Anacroneuria 176
sp. D, Klapopteryx 125
sp. D, Tupiperla 139
sp. E, Anacroneuria 176
sp. E, Klapopteryx 125
sp. E, Tupiperla 139
sp. F, Anacroneuria 176
sp. F, Tupiperla 139
sp. I, Antarctoperlinae gen. 129
sp. II, Antarctoperlinae gen. 129
sp. III, Antarctoperlinae gen. 129
sp. IV, Antarctoperlinae gen. 129
spangleri, Anacroneuria 171
spangleri, Macrogynoplax 183, 185
species, Anacroneuria Roback 176
species A, Austronemoura 143
species B, Austronemoura 142, 143
species C, Austronemoura 142, 143
spectori, Anacroneuria 171 spinosa, Neofulla 143 stanjewetti, Anacroneuria 171 starki, Anacroneuria 171 Stenoperla 123, 124 Stenoperlinae 122, 124 stictica, Perla 187 subcostalis, Anacroneuria 119, 171 sulana, Anacroneuria 146, 160, 171 sulina, Tupiperla 139 tachira, Anacroneuria 171 takutu, Anacroneuria 171 talamanca, Anacroneuria 171 tamoya, Kempnyia 182 tatama, Anacroneuria 171 taunayi, Perla, Kempnyia 182 taylori, Anacroneuria 172 tayrona, Anacroneuria 172 tehuelche, Andiperlodes 130 tejon, Anacroneuria 172 tena, Anacroneuria 172 tenebrosa, Kempnyia 179, 182 tessellata, tesselata, Gripopteryx, Tupiperla 138, 139, 187
testacea, Potamoperla 139
Teutoperla 122, 130, 137
tigrina, Claudioperla 131, 137
tijucana, Kempnyia 183
timote, Anacroneuria 172
tincta, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 172
tinctilamella, Anacroneuria 172
tinga, Anacroneuria 172
tiwanaku, Anacroneuria 172
toni, Anacroneuria 172
toriba, Anacroneuria 172
tornada, Anacroneuria 172
trimacula, Anacroneuria 172
trinervis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 173
tristani, Forquilla, Anacroneuria 168, 173
truncata, Macrogynoplax 185
tunasi, Anacroneuria 173
tunelina, Senzilla, Notoperla 140, 141
tungurahua, Anacroneuria 173
tupi, Anacroneuria 173
Tupiperla 122, 137, 138, 139
tzapino, Anacroneuria 173
uatsi, Anacroneuria 173
ucumari, Anacroneuria 173
Udamocercia 122, 144 umbrina, Kempnyia 183 umbya, Tupiperla 139 Uncicauda 122, 139 undulosa, Anacroneuria 173 unicolor, Anacroneuria 146, 173 uru, Anacroneuria 173
uruguaya, uruguayana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 173
uyara, Anacroneuria 174
valle, Anacroneuria 174
vanini, Anacroneuria 174
vanini, Kempnyia 86
varia, Nedanta 180, 183
variegata, Anacroneuria 170, 174
varilla, Anacroneuria 174
varipes, Kempnyia 160, 183
veneranda, Macrogynoplax 185
ventana, Anacroneuria 174
venulata, Gripopteryx 134
vespertilio, Anacroneuria 174
viduata, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 174
vilcabamba, Anacroneuria 174
virescentipennis, Diamphipnoa, Perlinella 123, 124,
187, 188 viridis, Anacroneuria 174 vistosa, Anacroneuria 174 vitripennis, Anacroneuria 174 v-nigrum, Forquilla, Anacroneuria 174 VZ-1, Anacroneuria 177 VZ-2, Anacroneuria 177 VZ-3, Anacroneuria 177 VZ-4, Anacroneuria 177 VZ-5, Anacroneuria 177 VZ-6, Anacroneuria 177 VZ-7, Anacroneuria 177 VZ-8, Anacroneuria 177 VZ-9, Anacroneuria 177 VZ-10, Anacroneuria 177 VZ-11, Anacroneuria 177 VZ-12, Anacroneuria 177 walperi, Kempnyella 80, 81 wapishana, Anacroneuria 175 wari, Anacroneuria 175 wellsi, Anacroneuria 175 werneri, Notoperla 29 willinki, Andiperla 14 wincha, Anacroneuria 175 wipukupa, Anacroneuria 175
woytkowskii, Anacroneuria 175 xinguensis, Anacroneuria 175 x-nigrum, Anacroneuria 175 yameo, Anacroneuria 175 yano, Enderleina 177, 178 ypsilon, Anacroneuria 175 ytuguazu, Anacroneuria 175 yupanqui, Macrogynoplax 185 zaculeu, Anacroneuria 175 zaga, Anacroneuria 175 zamora, Anacroneuria 175 zapata, Anacroneuria 176 zarpa, Anacroneuria 176 Zelandoperlinae 122, 141 zikanina, Klapopteryx, Gripopteryx 133 zunigae, Anacroneuria 176 zurbitui, Gripopteryx 132, 133 zwicki, Anacroneuria 176
Received 15 February 2010, Accepted 4 May 2010, Published 21 May 2010