^aHHwe k peKoHCTpy^MM 6anTO-enaBHHeKoro noxopOHHoro o6pnga: Kamy6. donota »mohoko« (neKCMKo-ceMaHTMHecKMe napannenM 6anTo-enaBHHeKoro apeana) Ponandac Kpe^M^uc The article deals with the authenticity of evaluation of ancient Slavic and Baltic religion archetypes. By means of internal reconstruction and typology methods, the work is supplemented by the new analysis of the Kashubian donota »milk« and its possible Baltic and Slavic lexical equivalents: Pruss. dadan »milk«, toponym West Slav. Dadowe. Recently some attempts were undertaken to reinstate the new mythological elements which require verification in-depth, since such innovations are frequently founded only on the researcher«s guesses and erroneous elucidation of the linguistic data. Keywords: Kashubian *donota*, Kashubian rite of the beheaded kite, Prussian departed dead-office, necrocult, Indo-European exequies tradition. B c6opHMKe ^onbKnopHoro Hacnegua HapogHocren nonbmu OcKapa Kon6epra (Kolberg 1965: 371-373) npuBoguTca BecbMa MHTepecHaa u go cux nop Mano u3yneH-Haa neKcunecKaa cuHTama M3 Kamy6cK0M necHMpjic kobelim donotg, cp.: Nieszczgslewo kania, jakze te jes woia / kej jes w lese na drzewe sedza? / A me do dom kanie gnale / e cg ziapale. / Pijc, piijc! /Dame me ci pjic - psim gnotg / Kobelim donotg / Worczekg wegrzebojce; / Tečo sg zli ledze spodzewojce, / A do mnie blezi ne przestqpojce. ^To cnoBoconeTaHue AneKcaHgp Pypa (1997: 550) nepeBoguT, npaBga, yKa3aB BonpocuTenbHbiM 3HaK, KaK »Ko6binuM noMeT«, cp.: Hecnacmmiu KopmyH, KaK Me mu Kpunan, Ko^^a b necy Ha depeBe cuden? A mu doMou KopmyHa ^Hanu u me6x, KopmyH, nouManu. „numb, numb!" ffaduM Me mu me6e numb - co6a%bux MocnoB, Ko6unbe^o noMema (?), Knx-noM HeBoda (orczykiem?) Bb^pe6aume. Bom ^e^o, nmdu, oMudaume, a ko MHe 6nuMe He nodcmynaume. Ka3yucTMHHocTb TaKon cMbicnoBon TpaKToBKM yKa3aHHoro Kamy6cKoro cno-BoconeTaHua - nuTbe noMeTa Bpag nu npegcraBnaeTca bo3mo«hhm - aBnaeTca go-B0nbH0 BecKon npunuHOM gna npoBegeHua nuHrBucTunecKoro aHanu3a BToporo cocTaBnaro^ero cuHTambi, KOTopoe OTcyTcTByeT b ^TMMono^MHecKMX cBogax ^T0^0 3anagHocnaBaHcKoro a3biKa (cm. Borys, Popowska-Taborska 1997: 49-50; Sychta 1967: 230-231)1. K co»aneHuro, A. rypa He npegcTaBun rpaMMaTunecKoro aHanu3a cocTaBnaro-^HX gaHHÖM CMHTarMbI, K0T0pblß aBjaeTca BeCbMa Ba«HHM gja T0JK0BaHua gaH-Horo ^ojbKjopHoro oTpbiBKa ^T0M 3anagHocjaBHHCKoM HapogHocTM, T.e. Kamy6oB (cm. ganbme). OcHoBbiBaacb Ha pe3yjbTaTax KoToporo, mo^ho BbiaBuTb u HeKoTopbie cMbcnoBbe (u BecbMa Ba^HHe) oTTeHKu neKceM, KoTopbie ynycTun aBTop BHme npu-BegeHHoro nepeBoga. Cmhcj o6paga U3^HaHUx/o6e3^na6nu6aHUx KopmyHa, KoTopoMy u nocBa^eHa gaHHaa necHa KamyöoB, no MHeHuro cne^anucToB no cnaBaHcKoMy ^onbKnopy, cbo-guTca K gpeBHeömeM Tpagu^u oöepera, T.e. no cnoBaM C. KujUMHUKoBa (cm. rypa 1997: 543), b ero ucnojHeHuu nrogu Bugenu B03M0»H0cTb u36e»aHua cMepTu. no yTBep»geHuro A. Typbi (1997: 542-545), cnaBaHe K oöpa3y KopmyHa, KaK u BopoHbi, oTHocunucb BecbMa npeHe6pe»uTenbH0, KaK K cuMBonaM HequcToTbi u 3na (BuguMo, no npunuHe xT0HunecK0M KonopucruKu, T.e. nepHoro oTTeHKa nTu^), a paHbme - u cMepTu. Bo BpeMa ^T0^0 o6paga, nrogu coöupanucb b o6^uhh gja npoBegeHua cne-^anbHbix caKpanbHHX geßcTBuß, HanpaBneHHHX npoTuB HeHacTuß: »eH^MHH nenu necHu, a My»nuHbi BMecTe c oxoTHuKaMu jobuju BopoH unu KopmyHoB, nocne nero ux yMep^Bjanu: Tymu ^TU^ npuKpennanu K najKaM u, Maxaa umu, HanpaBnanucb K xyTopaM. B ^T0 BpeMa »eH^MHM nbiTanucb oToöpaTb ^TU^ y oxothukob cunoß unu BMMeHaTb ux Ha BogKy. nocne ^T0^0 ^TU^ c»uranu, a My^^uHM b necy npoBogunu cne^ajbHbiß oöpag noxopoH KopmyHa. Kamyöbi »e, yMep^BneHHyro nTu^ cagunu Ha koj, BanbKoM BbiKanbiBanu aMy u b Heß xopoHunu oTpyöneHHyro ronoBy Kopmy-Ha. Bce »e, Hauöonee Ba»HbM u apxau^HbiM cro»eT0M, BuguMo, coothocumhm c Mu^onorunecKuM nnacToM, npegcTaBnaeT coöoß ynoMuHaHue nuTba Ko6binbero mo-joKa, hto, BHe BcaKoro coMHeHua, onpegenaeT cooTHeceHue gaHHoro oöpaga c ^yHe-pajbHoß Tpagu^u M-E nneMeH. flenaTb TaKyro npegnocbiJKy mo»ho, ocHoBbiBaacb Ha ugeHTuHHoß o6pagoBoß Tpagu^u 3anagH0-6ajTußcKux nneMeH, ynoMuHaeMoß bo BcTaBKe Byjb^cTaHa XpoHUKU2 naBna Opo3ua, b KoTopoö Byjb^cTaH (go cux nop He ycTaHoBjeHo, 6hj ju oh bukuhf HopMaHge^ unu aHrnocaKc, nyTemecTBeHHuK unu Ky^e^ [nogpoÖHee cm. (u nuTep.) SRP I: 732; TonopoB 1990: 12]) genuTca cboumu Bne-HaTjeHuaMu, nonyneHHbiMu bo BpeMa nyTemecTBua u3 Hydaby (Haddeby = gp.caKc. Hwth/Hwthe = Schleswig [Bosworth [Hampson] 1859: 60]) b Truso (Drausen = Dirchsau [Bosworth [Hampson] 1859: 61]) (BocToHHaa npyccua) - oh paccKa3biBaeT, hto ^CTUU (KaK npegnonaraeTca, nneMeHa 3anagHbix 6ajTuö^B, T.e. npyccbi) bo BpeMa noxopoHHoro oöpaga nbroT Ko6binbe mojoko, cp. and se cyning and pa ricostan men drincaö myran meolc, and pa unspedigan and Papeowan drincaö medo (SRP I: 733), T.e. 1 3a npegcTaBjeHHyro MH^opMa^MK> no stmm McTo^HMKaM Bbipa»aro 6narogapHocTb gp. Mayro»aTe Oc-TpyBKe (dr. Malgorzata Ostrowka [Instytut slawistyki polskiej akademii nauk]). 2 PaccKa3 Byjb^cTaHa npegcTaBjeH b Tpyge npecBMTepa cb. ÄBrycTMHa, MC^aH^a naBja Opo3Ma (Paulus Orosius - o HeM nogpo6Hee cm. FLR 746; Bosworth 1859: 10-17) Historiae adversum paganos, nepeBog KoToporo c jaTbiHM Ha gpeBHeaHrjMÖcKMM a3biK 6hj ocy^ecTBjeH b K0H^e IX b. - b Hakane X b. KoponeM ÄHrjuu ÄJb^pegoM BejMKMM (LTE XII: 402). u BOMÖb, u caMue óozamue mj/mhuhu rnmm Koóunbe mohoko, a ôeÔHHKu u pa6u nbmm Mëd. YnoTpe6neHue Ko6biHbero MOHOKa bo BpeMa noxopoHHoro o6paga Morno O3-HanaTb cTpeMneHue ycTaHoBUTb MeguaTopHyro cBa3b Me»gy c^epaMU xTOHUHecKOM (Kyga oTnpaBnaeTca gyma yMepmero) u ypaHucruHecKOM, TaK KaK caKpanbHbiM o6-pa3 nomagu coBOKynnaeT ^TU gBe ^0Ka^U3a^uu (cp. MU^onoruHecKue motubh: [1] repMaH^B - noru6mue bouhh b noTycTopoHHUM Mup oTnpaBnaroTca BepxoM Ha cKaKyHax [cm. Togg 2005: 46; Kempinski 2003: 219] ^ npegcTaBneHue 6anTUM^B o tom, hto xTOHUHecKoe 6o»ecTBo cKaHeT Ha nomagu [cm. Dunduliené 1963: 182]; [2] nomagb - MU^onoruHecKUM npoo6pa3 conapHoro 6o»ecTBa 6anTuñcKux nneMëH, gpeBHux UHguM^B u upaH^B [cm. RV. VIII: 61.16 - nogpo6Hee cm. MacDonell 1897: 31; Ghirshman 1964: 350; BU. II: 5.19 - cm. MBaHOB 1989: 81; Vélius 1977: 174]), T.e. npuo6pecTu Hy»Hbie ^U3UonoruHecKue cBOMcTBa, Heo6xoguMbie gna npoBegeHua norpe6anbHoro o6paga u »enaHue coucKaTb 6narocKnoHHocTb 6oroB u yMepmero (cp. gpeBHerpenecKUM motub o KopMneHUu gym yconmux mohokom u MëgoM [nogpo6Hee cm. Taxo-rogu, ^oceB 1999: 588]). B ^TOM caKpanbHOM geñcTBuu MO»HO ycMoTpeTb pyguMeHTH ToTeMU3Ma, cy^HocTb KoToporo o6,bacHaeTca noegaHueM nnoTU u nuTb-ëM KpoBu »epTBbi. B ^TOM 3aKHroHanocb npegcTaBneHue o bo3mo»hom npuo6peTeHuu Tex cun u cnoco6HocTeM cbegeHHoro, KOTopbiMU oh Bnagen npu »U3HU (nogpo6Hee cm. Frazer 1925: 469), T.e. BanuB Ko6biHbe mohoko, yHacTHUK ^yHepanbHoro o6paga Mor 6biTb b npo^cce KOMMyHUKa^uu He TonbKo c yMepmuM, ho u c 6o»ecTBOM (b tom Hucne u nomaguHOM, cp. ^yH^uu HUTOBcKoro 6ora Chaurirari ^ Kaukarius »6or BO3-BHmeHHocTeM« < *Kaukarinis »6or nomaguHbiM« - ^^UTeT 6ora xTOHUHecKOM c^epbi Velinas [nogpo6Hee cm. Kregždys 2010 : 71]), b HëM pacnopa»eHUu Haxogunca Mup noTycTopoHHUM (cp. o6biHaM xeTToB 3aKaHHBaTb 6biKa [»UBOTHoro xTOHUHecKOM c^epH, cp. TunonoruHecKoe cooTBeTcTBue - Hepen 6biKa aBnanca aTpu6yToM xTOHUHecKoro 6o»ecTBa npyccoB naTonca (BRMŠ II: 347)] u npou3HocuTb 3aKHUHaHue [KaK HacTb noxopoHHoro o6paga] nocne cMepTu Kopona: „KaK(uM) th cran, TaK(uM) nycTb cTaHeT u ^TOT (6hk), u gymy cBoro oTnycTu bhu3 k ^TOMy 6biKy" [cm. MBaHOB 1990: 7]; e^e cp. BO3Mo»Hbie peMUHUc^eH^uu noegaHua kohuhh u nuTba Ko6biHbero MonoKa, pe^-neKcuu KOTopHx npegcTaBneHH b ^onbKnope boctohhhx cnaBaH: b pyccKOM cKa3Ke npo MBaHa flypaHKa paccKa3biBaeTca, hto nocne Toro, KaK oh Bne3 b yxo KOHa Cubku-6ypKu u TaM gocbiTa Haenca u Hanunca, oh npuo6pën BHemHocTb acHoro Monog^ [cm. A^aHacbeB II: 7-9, 11 (cKa3Ka N 182), 12-17 (cKa3Ka N 183), III: 273 (cKa3Ka N 564), 305 (cKa3Ka N 571); e^ë cm. TonopoB 2000: 177], T.e. oh HagenaeTca Bonme6HHMu cBOMcTBaMu [!!!]). CooTHomeHue ^T0^0 ^onbKnopHoro MOTUBa c noxopoHHHM o6pa-goM mo»ho apryMeHTupoBaTb TunonoruHecKUMu cooTBeTcTBuaMu - b pyccKux cKa3-Kax yTBep»gaeTca, hto yMepmero mo»ho BocKpecuTb He TonbKo c noMo^bro »ubom Bogbi, ho u KpoBbro TonbKo hto Ha cBeT npou3BegeHHoro TenëHKa3. HygecHbie cBoMcTBa npunucHBaroTca TaK»e MonoKy bohhu^i, HbBU^i, MegBegu^i u ko6hhh4 (nneTHëBa 1978: 391; nogpo6Hee cm. Kregždys 2012). 3 Cp. „y 6oraToro My»UKa oTenunacb cerogHa KopoBa u npuHecna KpacHoro 6biHKa; Konu Toro 6biHKa 3ape3aTb, ga BHHyTb cepg^, ga U3 Toro cepg^a B3aTb KpoBU, ga Toro KpoBbro noMa3aTb Monogax - ohm b Ty » MUHyTy o»UByT u 6ygyT 3gpaBH u HeBpeguMb" (Ä^aHacbeB III: 69 [cKa3Ka N 355]). 4 Cm. Ä^aHacbeB I: 393 (cKa3Ka N 170), 630. Bo3Bpa^aacb k npo6neMaTuKe nuHrBucTunecKoro aHanu3a Kamy6cKoro MaTe-puana, Heo6xoguMo o6paTuTb BHuMaHue Ha gBycMbicneHHocTb onpegeneHua Mop^o-norunecKoro cTaTyca cocTaBnaro^ux cuHTarMbi pjic kobelim donotç, T.e. no MHeHuro nonbcKux guaneKTonoroB Kamy6. gnotç, donotç, worczekç gonKHbi u3bacHaTca KaK pe^neKcuu instr. sg. masc. (3a BbipaKeHHoe MHeHue aBTop cTaTbu 6narogapuT npo^. Enb36eTy Bpo^aBcKy [Elzbieta Wroclawska], gp. Mapuro ToKaK [Maria Tokarz -Zaklad Dialektologii Polskiej IJP PAN]), T.e. non. gnat »KocTb; KycoK gepeBa; KeMHy-KuHa u gp.« (SJP I: 856), donot »?«, orczyk »BaneK; HacTb HeBoga« (SJP III: 823 [uMea BBugy ^oHeTunecKue u3MeHeHua, npucy^ue Kamy6cK0My a3biKy: (1) npoTeTunecKun (T.e. BTopuHHbrn) w-; (2) npacnaB. *î > *î > ë (cm. Dejna 1973: 236, 238)]). K coKaneHuro, BHme ynoMaHyrae uccnegoBaTenu He o6paTunu BHuMaHua He TonbKo Ha (1) BecbMa BaKHHH MoMeHT aHanu3upyeMoro ^onbKnopHoro oTpbiBKa, T.e. npucyTcTBua gByx K0Mn03u^0HHbix cuHTarM (I) Dame më ci pjic - psim gnotç I Kobelim donotç ^ (II) Worczekç wegrzebojce, cocTaBHbie K0T0pbix uMeroT pa3Hbie cKa3yeMHe (Dame ^ wegrzebojce), K0T0pbie uMnnu^pyroT ynpaBneHue pa3Hbix nageKen - u TBopuTenbHoro, u BuHuTenbHoro, cp. rn. non. dač »gaTb« acc./instr. (SJP I: 420), rn. non. wygrzebač »BbiKonaTb, BbiTa^uTb, o6HapyKuTb u gp« acc./instr. (SJP VII: 871-872), T.e. cKa3yeMoe Dame uMeHa cy^ecTBuTenbHbie gnotç (o HëM cm. ganbme), donotç ynpaBnaeT b ^opMe BuHuTenbHoro nageKa, T.e. »daduM umo« (uMea BBugy to BaKHoe o6cToaTenbcTBo, hto 0K0HHaHue uMëH cy^ecTBuTenbHbix KeHcKoro poga Kamy6cKoro a3biKa Hapagy c 0K0HHaHueM -q uMeeT u ^opMy c ^neKTuBHbiM -ç), a cKa-3yeMoe wegrzebojce c uMeHeM cy^ecTBuTenbHbiM worczekç cornacoBaHo b TBopuTenb-H0M nageKe, T.e. »BbiKanbiBaÖTe (aMy) qeM«. no ^T0M npunuHe yTBepKgeHue 06 ugeH-tuhhoctu Mop^onorunecKoro cTaTyca Bcex Tpex uMeH cy^ecTBuTenbHbix, BuguMo, aBnaeTca omu6oHHbiM. OcHoBbiBaacb Ha Bbime npuBegeHH0M aHanu3e Bep6anbHbix ^opM, Heo6xoguMo o6paTuTb BHuMaHue Ha nepeBog oTpHBKa, npegcraBneHHoro A. ry-poM (cm. Bbime), T.e. »<...> khhhom HeBoda (orczykiem?) Bbupe6aûme«, K0T0pbiM, no Bcen BuguMocTu, HyKgaeTca b KoppeKTupoBKe no npunuHe 0TcyTcTBua ceMaHTunecKoro cornacoBaHua c nepBoñ HacTbro npegnoKeHua, b K0T0p0M yKe ynoMuHaeTca pe3ynbTaT noBnu KopmyHa (T.e. noBTopeHue ^T0^0 npo^cca npu yKa3aHH0M pe3ynbTaTe gencreua KaKeTca anoruHHbiM). fleno b tom, hto aMy gna 3axopoHeHua ronoBbi KopmyHa Kamy-6h BbiKanbiBanu nocpegcTB0M BanbKa (cm. Bbime), T.e. HacTbro nomaguHon c6pyu, koto-poM, no Bcen BepoaTHocTu, npunucbiBanacb ^yH^ua o6epera, TaK KaK uMena npaMoe oTHomeHue c caKpanbHbiM pe^epeHT0M (T.e. nomagbro [cm. Bbime]); ho u Ha (2) Heon-pegeneHHMM Mop^onorunecKun u ceMaHTunecKun craTyc non. guan. donot, npegcTaB-neHHoro b neKcuK0rpa^unecK0M cBoge #Ha KapB0BuHa (Karlowicz I: 349) nocpegcTB0M BonpocuTenbHoro 3HaKa, T.e. cuHTarMa Kamy6. pjic kobelim donotç co3gaTenro cnoBapa nonbcK0M guaneKTH0M neKcuKu 6bina nonHocTbro HeacHa. no ^T0M npunuHe, ^opMa non. guan. donot He aBnaeTca 6onee ayTeHTuHHon, HeM non. guan. donota. AHanu3upya npo6neMy ^tcktubhom cooTHecëHHocTu c rpaMMaTunecKuM pogoM Bbme yKa3aHHbix gnotç, donotç, Heo6xoguMo o6paTuTb BHuMaHue Ha MeToguKy npegcTaBneHua neKceM b cnoBape KapB0BuHa - Kamy6cKaa ^opMa gnotç, yKa3aHHaa b pa6oTe O. Kon6epra (cm. Bbme), npeo6pa30BaHa npugepKuBaacb npuH^noB TpaHcKpun^u ucTopunec-K0M, a He ^0HeTunecK0M, T.e. um npegcTaBneHHaa KaK non. guan. gnâtç, uMea b Bugy nepexog Kamy6. a > à > o (cp. Dejna 1973: 239). OcHoBbiBaacb Ha npuH^nax cuh-xpoHHoro aHanu3a, a He MeToguKe K0H^a XIX b., mokho BbigBuHyTb gBe runoTe3bi no uHTep^peTa^uu non. guan. gnotg: a) chobo, coothocmmo c non. gnat »KOCTb u gp.« g.masc. (cm. BHme), pe^neKTupyeT BTopuHHyro ^opMy :eHcKoro poga (acc.sg.) u3-3a geftcTBua aHanoruu c donotg, T.e. oho npegcTaBnaeT HecTaHgapTHoe Mop^onorunec-Koe npeo6pa3oBaHue, KOTopbie oHeHb HacTbi B npou3BegeHuax ^0^TUHecK0^0 xapaK-Tepa (nogpo6Hee cm. KaMbmuHa 1999: 76-78; MaKcuMoB 1975: 154); 6) cnoBo aBnaeTca npeo6pa3oBaHueM non. gnoj »noMeT, raoft, :u:a« (SJP I: 860) no tom npunuHe, hto gna HeKoTopbix 3anagHocnaBaHcKux a3biKOB npucy^e u3MeHeHue KOHcoHaHTHoft ochobh uMeHu cy^ecTBuTenbHoro Ha cy^^uKc -ota, cp. B.ny:. hodnota »^HHocTb u gp.« (cm. Trofimowic 1974: 54) ^ non. godnosc »t.:.« fem. (SJP I: 862), B.ny:. hustota »rycToTa, HacTOTa« (cm. Trofimowic 1974: 61) ^ non. gqszcz »t.:.« masc. / non. ggstwa »t.:.« fem. (SJP I: 813) u gp. no ^TOM npunuHe HeT HuKaKux npenaTcTBuft gna uHTep^peTa^uu Kamy6. donotg KaK ^opMbi :eHcKoro poga BuHuTenbHoro nage:a ot Kamy6. donota. OcHoBbiBaacb Ha gaHHoM aHanu3e, nepeBog A. rypbi nocne KoppeKTupoBKu mo:ho npegcTaBuTb b hobom cBeTe: Hecnacmnuu KopmyH, KaK Me mu Kpunan, Koada b necy na depeBe cuden? A mu doMou Kopmyua auanu u me6x, KopmyH, nouManu. „numb, numb!" ffaduM Me mu me6e numb - co6a%bux MocnoB, Ko6unbeao MonoKa, BanbKoM BUKanuBaume. Bom neao, nmdu, oMudaume, a ko MHe 6nuMe He nodcmynaume. OcHoBbiBaacb Ha bo3mo:hom pe^epeHTHoM cooTHomeHuu npamaraHHoro 3Ha-HeHua, Bbipa:aeMoro rnaronoM Kamy6. pjic »nuTb«, u gecurHaToB kobelim »Ko6binbe«, donotg »?« (acc.sg.), mo:ho c ocropo:HocTbro BbigBuHyTb npegnono:eHue, hto Kamy6. donota aBnaeTca curau^uKaTHbiM ^neMeHTOM pe^epeHTa »nuTbe«, KOTopbift, BuguMo, pe^neKTupyeT TaKyro Hepegy cTpyKTypHbix u3MeHeHuft: Kamy6. donota *»mohoko« < *do-j(i/e)-n-otas »t.:.« (c cy<^. -ota, cp. c non. wilg-ota »yMepeHHaa cbipocTb, Bna:-HocTb« [Linde VI 235], non. mokr-ota »Bna:HocTb« [Linde III: 135]) < um. npunar. 3an. cn. *doj(b)ny »goftHbift« (< um. cy^. 3an. cn. *doja »goeHue, goMKa« [< um. cy^. npacn. *doja »t.:.« < rn. npacn. *dojiti »gouTb, KopMuTb rpygbro« 0CQ3 V 53-54, 57)] ^ Hem. duje »t.:.« pCQ3 V 52]) ^ gp. non. dojny »goftHHM« (1452 r.), non. dojny »(apx.) cBa-3aHHHft c goeHueM; goftHbift« 0CC.3 V 56). flaHHaa peKOHcrpy^ua aBnaeTca goBonbHo BecKuM apryMeHToM gna nepecMoTpa ^TUMono^uu npycc. dadan »mohoko« E 687 (e^e cp. npycc. ructandadan »npoToKBama« E 690 - o HeM nogpo6Hee cm. PE2 I 171, IV 33) b nonb3y npucyTcTBua e^e ogHoro bo3mo:-Horo 3auMcTBoBaHua u3 3anagHocnaBaHcKoM apeanbHOM 3ohh b npyccKoM neKcuKoHe. flo cux nop yTBep:gaeTca, hto ^TO chobo coothocumo c gp. uHg. dadhi (neutr.), dadh(a)n- »npocToKBama, cbiBopoTKa«, an6. djathe »cbip« (< npaan6. *dedi- [c yMeHb-muT. cy$$. -the]) (cm. IEW 242; PE2 I: 171; M I: 284; Bappoy 1976: 25; Orel 1998: 67). K co:aneHbro, c TaKOM tohkom 3peHua TpygHo cornacuTbca He TonbKo no npuHuHe Heco-oTBeTcTBua Mop^onorunecKoro cTpoa gaHHbix neKceM (paHee Ha ^TOT ^aKT o6paTun BHuMaHue B. Ma:ronuc [PE2 I: 172]6), ho u u3-3a ceMaHTuHecKoro pa3nuHua - npycc. 5 Pa3BMTMe cTpyKTypHoro aneMeHTa *(-)j(b)- (T.e. BOKaHM3a^Ma) b cnaBaHcKux a3biKax npegcTaBneHo gBoaKMM npeo6pa3OBaHMeM: (1) -i-, cp. npacnaB. *jbgtla > non. igta »urna« (cm. Dejna 1973: 142); (2) -e-, cp. npacnaB. *dojbcb > 6ynr. doeu, »cocoK«, cnoBaK. dojec »goMnb^MK« (3CCH V: 55; e^e cm. Dejna 1973: 238; Lunt 2001: 36). 6 Hobhm STuMonoruHecKuM pa36op gp. uHg. dadhi, b kotopom BbicKa3aHo coMHeHue o npucyTcTBue reHeTuHecKOM cBa3u Me:gy stom neKcuHecKOM eguHu^M u npycc. dadan, nogpo6Hee cm. Kregidys 2012. dadan »mohoko« He pe^HeKTupyeT ceMeM »npocToKBama« mhm »npogyKT M3 kmchoto MOHOKa« (!!!), TaK KaK ohm npucy^u y^e yKa3aHHOMy K0Mn03MTy Tuna karmadharaya npycc. ructan-dadan (T.e. npycc. *rügtan »KucHbiM« + npycc. dadan »mohoko« [PE2 IV: 33]). no ^T0M npMHMHe, Hapagy c y^e cy^ecTByro^MMu rMnoTe3aMM, Kacaro^uxca npoucxo^geHua gaHHoro cHOBa (cm. I: 284-286), mo^ho BbigBMHyTb npegn0H0-^eHue, hto oho pe^neKTMpyeT HeKcunecKoe 3auMcTB0BaHue M3 3anagHocHaBaHcKoro apeana, T.e. mm. cy^. 3anag. ch. *doja »ygoö, mohoko« ( mm. cy^. npycc. *doga (c nepexogoM i > -g- [He rpa^u-necKMM, a ^OHeTMHecKMM BapuaHT (!!!)], cp. gp. hmt. geras SD ^ hmt. guaH. jeras ^ hmt. (■ras »arHeHOK«; hmt. guaH. gerube ^ hmt. jerube »paÖHMK«; hmt. guaH. släges ^ hmt. släjes »gpoBHM«; hmt. guaH. zlega ^ hmt. zleja »cyMepKM« [cm. Brückner 1877: 50]) > mm. cy^. npycc. *doda (c nepexogoM -g- b -d- no npuH^ny KOHcoHaHTHoro cuHrapM0HM3-Ma, cp. hmt. bügnas ^ hmt. guaH. bübnas »6apa6aH« [Brückner 1877: 58]) (^ rugpoHMM npycc. Dodo 1450 [npuTOK peKM fleÖMHHa] 97 ^OHuaHT OpgeHa cTp. 214v [Gerullis 1922: 29] c ^HeKTMBHbiM -o, bo3mo^ho, M3-3a KOHTaMMHa^u c noH. mlek-o »mohoko« [< 3an. ch. *melko »t.ä.« - cm. Brückner 1957: 340] ^ Kamy6. mioko »t.ä.« [cm. LE XI: 150]) (npucyTcTBue reHeTunecKOM cbh3m Me^gy npycc. dadan u ct. cHaB. aohth ao7> »Kop-MMTb rpygbro, cocaTb« paHbme yKa3aH reopr HecceHMaH (Nesselmann 1873: 25)). CreneHueM BpeMeHM 3auMcTB0BaHue, BuguMO, nogBeprHocb ^OHOTaKTunecKMM M3MeHeHuaM, ^0^T0My mm. cy^. npycc. *doda ^ npycc. dadan (neutr.) (^ rugpoHMM npycc. Dadagen 1350 [03. N I 121r], Dadey 1365 [25 goKyMeHT M3 72 a^MKa -Gerullis 1922: 25]). npaBga, mo»ho npegcTaBMTb coBceM gpyroe o6,bacHeHMe npoucxo^geHua TonoHMMa npycc. Dadagen, c0BepmeHH0 0THMHH0e ot npuHaToro o6,bacHeHMa (cm. Gerullis t.^.), nocKOHbKy pegynHM^poBaHHbie cTpyKTypHbie ^HeMeHTbI nacTO coot-HocaTca c HecKOHbKMMM TunaMM npeo6pa30BaHMM. reopr repyHHuc (Gerullis 1922: 14, 18) yKa3aH, hto TaKue ^OHOTaKTunecKue coeguHeHua MoryT 6biTb npunuHOM noaBHe-Hua M3MeHeHMM K0Hc0HaHTHbix ^HeMeHT0B - b MecTe ry6Horo npou3HocuTca 3bohkmm coraacHbm 3ByK, cp. TonoHMM npycc. Babaten 1374 ^ rugpoHMM npycc. Bawand 1283, T.e. TonoHMM npycc. Dadagen MO^eT 6biTb coothocmm m c npycc. *Dabajan (c nepexo-goM d...b b d...d) ^ *Debijan ^ npycc. debi- »6oHbmoö« + cy^^. *-ia (c M3MeHeHueM e...i...a > e...a...a > a.a.a), cp. npycc. debica »6oHbmoö« GrA 20, GrG 48, GrF 40 (cm. PE2 I: 184) ^ rugpoHMM hmt. Däbikine (Vanagas 1981: 78), u c npycc. *Dagaja < npycc. dagis »HeTO« E 13 (PE2 I: 172) ~ rugpoHMM (? ugeHTMHHOM ceMaHTunecKOM koh-HOTa^u) hmt. Vaseriske (KcraTM, no ^T0M npunuHe ero cHeg0BaH0 6bi cooTHocuTb He c nominapropria hmt. Väseris/Vaseris [Bilkis 2008: 80] [< hmt. vaseris »^eBpaHb« (LEW 1206; PE2 I 173-174)], a c hmt. guaH. [^eMaÖTOB] vaseris »HeTO« [Skardzius I: 303] [< 6aHT. *vasera »BecHa - HeTO« (PE2 I 173)] - b TaKOM cHynau 6brna 6bi noHaTHa ceMaH-TunecKaa MOTMBa^a rugpoHMMa, T.e. *»b BeceHHee BpeMa HanoHHaro^uöca BogoeM«, a He aHTponoHMM, pe^HeKTupyro^MM KOHHOTaTMB »^eBpaHa«7). MaHO BepoaTHO, ho bo3mo^ho, hto npycc. dadan (c 3aK0H0MepHbiM M3MeHeHueM cHaB. -o- b -a- b ^Hb6MH^cK0M cHOBape [!!!]; nogpo6Hee cm. Levin 1974: 26, 29) OTpa^aeT 7 B npoTMBHOM cHy^ae aBTop ™noTe3bi aneHHaTMBHoro npoucxo^geHMa rugpoHMMa gofl^eH ccwHaTbca Ha gaHHbie 3eMeHbHoro perucTpa, mto KaKOMy-TO Vaseris Mor npuHagfle^aTb tot mhm mhom 3eMeHbHbiM y^acTOK, b kotopom HaxogMHocb 6ohoto Vaseriske. TaKMx gaHHbix EuHbKMc He npMBogMT. ^OHeTMHecKMM o6nUK 3aUMcTB0BaHMfl, TaK KaK Ha TeppMTOpMM npOKMBaHMA 3anag-HocnaBAHcKMx nneMéH (bo3mokkho, m Kamy6oB) Morna 6biTb ynoTpe6naeMa ^opMa mm. cy^. 3an. cnaB. (guan.) *doda »M0n0K0« (^ I. *do-ta »t.k.« [pe^neKcua nporpeccuBHOM accuMun^uu]8 < *do-no-ta »t.k.«; II. *do-da »t.k.« [c nepexogoM -j- > -d- (cm. BHme)] < *doja »goeHue, goMKa« < mm. cy^. npacn. *doja »t.k.« < rn. npacn. *dojiti »gouTb, KopMMTb rpygbro« [cm. BHme]). flenaTb TaKoe npegnonoKeHue mo»ho, ocHOBHBaacb Ha BecbMa MHTepecHoM nuHrBucruHecKOM MaTepuane, npegcraBneHHOM b Tpyge fl. H. EropoBa, nocBH^éHHoro npo6neMe npoKMBaHua u accuMun^uu 3anagHocnaBAH-ckmx nneMéH Ha TeppuTopuu repMaHuu. OguH u3 npuBoguMbix TonoHMMoB 3anag-HocnaBAHcKoro npoucxoKgeHua, bö3mokho, ABnaeTcfl reHeTunecKM TOKgecTBeHeH npycc. dadan. ^T0 Ha3BaHue gepeBHu Dadowe /Dodow/, KoTopoe KaK ^pK0BH0e Bna-geHue, ynoMMHaeTca b gecaTMHHOM cnucKe Pa^e6yprcK0M enapxuu (§ 216 [Dadowe per omnia cum censu et decima. et cum omni iudicio colli et manus est episcopi]; § 448 [1236 r.], a KaK Mecro BbicraBneHUH enucKoncKOM rpaMOTH - b c6opHUKe ucTopunec-kmx aKToB MeKneH6ypra [MUB Ne 483 (1238 r.), Ne 501 (1239 r.)] - nogpo6Hee cm. Ero-poB^ 1915: 255). CoMHeBaTbca b ayTeHTMHHocTU gaHHOM ^opMbi (T.e. b npucyrcrBMU bo3moähhx rpa^UHecKUx U3MeHeHMÖ) He npuxoguTca, TaK KaK oHa He BapbupyeT b pa3HHX ucroHHMKax, htö npucy^e gpyruM TonoHUMaM, cp. TonoHUMH Sassenhof ^ Dassenhof, Zibberose ^ Libberose u gp. (nogpo6Hee cm. EropoB^ 1914: 494-503). CTaTyc 3auMcTBoBaHMH npycc. dadan »M0n0K0« (cp. oco6eHHocTU ^OHeTunec-kmx U3MeHeHUM ru6pugHoro 3auMcTB0BaHUfl U3 cnaBAHcKMx a3hkob nuT. mésa »macö« [nogpo6Hee cm. Kregzdys 2010: 124, 133]) mö^ho apryMeHTupoBaTb u BHBogaMM, no-nyneHHHMU b pe3ynbraTe aHanu3a npyccKUx TonoHMMoB u rugpoHUMOB (Cam6h m TeppuTopuu naMeg^H - cm. ganbme), onpegenaro^ux peKOHcTpy^uro coBceM gpy-roM, yHacnegoBaHHOM ^opMbi Ha3BaHua »MonoKa«, T.e. npycc. *peinan, xöta go cux nop npuHHTO yTBep^gaTb, hto «npycc. dadan KaK ocHOBHoe o6o3HaneHue MonoKa npoTM-boctomt KaK BocT.-6anT., TaK u cnaB. cnoBaM [...]» (n# I 284). HanuHaa KopoTKMM 0630p omohmmob c KopHeM npycc. *pein-, Heo6xoguMO nepenucnuTb HeKOTopbie 3aK0H0MepH0cTM ^OHonorunecKUx M3MeHeHUM npyccKMx guaneKTOB, bö3mokho noBnuaBmux Ha noaBneHue cTpyKTypHbix M3MeHeHUM reHeTM-necKM TO^gecTBeHHHx TonoHMMoB u rugpoHMMOB: 1) gna B0cT0HH0r0 guaneKTa Cam-6h npucy^ nepexog e b i (c XIII b. b BenyBa; no3gHee ^T0 ^OHeTunecKoe M3MeHeHue pacnpocrpaHunocb Ha Bcro BocTOHHyro TeppuTopuro Chm6h) (Kuzavinis 1964: 18); 2) i b KaTexu3ucax MOKeT 6biTb nepegaBaeM nocpegcTBOM nepegbi rpa^eM i, i, ei, ey, Ha ocHOBaHMM KOTopoM peKOHcTpyupyeTca gu^TOHroug (Maziulis 2004: 16). 3HanuT, yHacnegoBaHHHM gu^TOHr 6anT. ei MOKeT nepegaBaTbca u nepe3 e M3-3a ge^OHonoru-3a^MM rnacHHx Toro »e caMoro paga i u e, T.e. onpegenaeT peKOHcrpy^uro KOHBepreH-THoro npo^cca Me»gy -e- u -ei-. ^T0 Morno 0Tpa3MTbca u Ha rpa^unecKOM nepegane TonoHMMoB (cp. ugeHTMHHbie ^OHeTunecKue M3MeHeHua, npucy^ue gna guaneKTOB HeMe^oro a3HKa Böctöhhöm npyccuu [Ziesemer 1924: 114]): npycc. Penen 1423 (162 ^onuaHT OpgeHa cTp. 100v - Gerullis 1922: 119 [^pugnaHg, ceñnac npaBguHcK - apean guaneKTa Chm6h]) < npycc. *Peinai (cp. Przybytek 1993: 209 - Po3anua nmu6bi-TeK npuBoguT Tpu nyru no npoucxo»geHuro gaHHoro TonoHMMa) (cp. TonoHMM nuT. 8 Cp. non. bogdan »KaBanep, nro6MMe^ u gp.« (SJP I: 182) > non. guan. bohdan »t.jk.« (accMMMna^Ma no cTyneHM ^puKaTUBHocTM - nogpo6Hee cm. Gussmann 2007: 85). Pieniai [LATZ 241] ^ hut.pienis »[6ot.] pacTeHMe u3 ceMbM cH0»H0^eTHbix [Sonchus]; [6ot.] CTpury^MM ogyBaHquK [Taraxacum officinale]; HecneHbin opex c BogHHucTHM HgpoM; [6ot.] rpu6 M3 ceMbu nnacTMHHMKOBbix [Agaricus lactifluus]« [LKZe]; e^e cp. TonoHMM HTm. Piene9 [Vanagas 1981: 256]) ^ npycc. *peinan »mohoko«, pe^neKTupy-eMHM OHMMaMM npycc. Pen-e-kayme 1419 (i>EAK 26 CTp. 26 [^pugnaHg - apeaH gua-HeKTa Chm6h] - cm. Blaziene 2005: 138-139) u gp.; npycc. Pynouwe 1285 (26 goKyMeHT u3 16 H^HKa - fflBHHTanune (Heiligenbeil) - apeaH guaHeKTa Chm6h) (Gerullis 1922: 123), Pynn-ow 1437/38 (131 $onuaHT OpgeHa cTp. 181) u gp. (Blaziene 2005: 145-146), cp. rugpoHuMbi HTm. Pien-ava p. (cp. Vanagas 1981: 256). Bo3mo»ho, hto pe^neKcbi npycc. *peinan »mohoko« npucyrcTByroT u b guaneKTHOM 30He naMegHH, cp. TonoHuM npycc. Paynen 1423 (162 ^onuaHT OpgeHa cTp. 71r - OKpecTHocTu ^Hb6MH^a) (Blaziene 2005: 313) (rpa^unecKaH nepegaqa -ay- BMecTO -ei-, BuguMO, npegonpegeHeHa npo-^ccom aHaHoruu, TaK KaK b Hu»HeHeMe^0M npyccuu ai nepexoguT b ei [Ziesemer 1924: 122]; TaKuM 06pa30M Morao nepegaBaTbcH ^OHOHorunecKoe KaqecTBO HucxogH-^en uHTOHa^u npycc. *-ez-, aHaHu3 rpa^unecKOM nepegaqu K0T0p0M go cux nop He npoBegeH [cm. Maziulis 2004: 14], T.e. Xx > Yx (HeMe^ guaH.), a xX > yX [npycc. guaH.]) ^ TonoHuM npycc. Peilen 1267 (91 ^onuaHT OpgeHa cTp. 173 - OKpecTHocTu ^Hb6MH-ra) u gp. (Gerullis 1922: 118; Blaziene 2005: 313) < ? *Pei-na-len (c a6cop6iiueM cy<^. -na- [o TaKux u3MeHeHuHx nogpo6Hee cm. Kper»guc 2009: 281; Kregzdys 2009: 119] , T.e. 6aHT. *pei-/*pl- »u306uH0BaTb, 6biTb noHHbiM« + *-na- [PEZ I: 172; IEW 793-794]) ~ HTm. pieneles »(6ot.) ocot« (ME III: 275) ^ HTm. pienes »(6ot.) ocot; mohoku (pbi6bu)« (ME III: 276). TpacuHbga BHa»eHe (Blaziene 2005: 139, 145, 313), ocHOBbiBancb Ha aHa-Hu3e ^TMx TonoHuMOB, npogeHaHHOM r. repyHHucoM, yTBep»gaeT, hto ohu hbhhmtch aHTponoHuMHHMu aneHHHTuBaMu. TyT yMecTHO npegcraBuTb gpyroe npegn0H0»e-Hue no ux npoucxo»geHuK>, ocHOBbiBaacb Ha kotopom, mo»ho peKOHcTpyupoBaTb ap-xuceMeMy »mohoko«, pe^HeKTupyeMyro bo3mo»ho reHeTunecKu ugeHTuHHbiMu boc-T0HH0-6aHTuMcKuMu OHuMaMu - rugpoHuMaMu (c npucyrcTBueM MOTuBupoBaHHon acc0^MaTMBH0M qepegbi u3MeHeHuH pe^epeHTa: »»ugKocTb [mohoko]« [^ »Boga«] ^ »BogoeM«) u TonoHuMaMu (c MOTuBupoBaHHon qepegon aneHHHTuBHoro nHaHa: ^u^-Pohum ^ monoHUM; ^u^pOHUMHax KOHmma^x ^ monoHUM): hut. Pienauja, Pienia, Piene, Pien-(i)upys, Pien-upis, HTm. Piena-kule, Pienapurvs, Pienaplava, Piena-sils u gp. (cm. Vanagas 1970: 98, 1981, 256; LEW 585). K TOMy »e, cooTHomeHue TonoHuMa npycc. Peilen 1267 c npycc. peile »ho»« (Gerullis 1922: 118; Blaziene 2005: 313), ^uKcupyeMbiM Humb b cHOBapHuKe CuMaHa rpyHay (GrA 27, GrF 18, GrC, GrG 62 - PEZ III: 242), BH3HBaeT 6oHbmue coMHeHuH u3-3a OTcyTcTBuH ceMaHTuqecKon MOTuBa^u, noc-KOHbKy u r. repyHHuc, u r. BHa»ueHe gHH apryMeHTa^u TaKOM runoTe3H npuBogHT B0cT0HH0-6aHTuMcKue cooTBeTCTBuH nomina propria hut. Peilis, HTm. Peilis, Peilitis u TonoHuM hut. Petliskiai (nocHegHun, BuguMO, aneHHHTuB [Blaziene ibd.]), T.e. K0rH0-MuHaHbHHe co6cTBeHHHMu uMeHa c neßopaTuBHOH ceMaHTuqecKon OKpacKOö, cp. nomen proprium hut. Peilis »rpy6biö, 3hom qeHOBeK« (Butkus 1995: 337), HBHHro^uecH uHHOBa^OHHblMu HeKceMaMu BOcTOHHbix 6aHTuft^B, Hu OguH u3 KOTOpbix He 3acBu-geTeHbcTBOBaH b H3HKe npyccoB. BaHT. *peinan »mohoko« (> npycc. *peinan »T.e.«), BuguMO, HBHHeTcH npa^opMon HeK0T0pHx omkohumob MaHon ^utbh, o6rbflcHeHue npoucxo»geHuH K0T0pbix BH3H- 9 B aKageMuqecKOM cBoge HaTHmcKux ohumob stot TonoHuM noqeMy-TO He npuBoguTcH (cm. LVV 367). BaeT 6onbmue coMHeHua, cp. TonoHUM Peiaulischken 1564 < *piaul- (~ nomenproprium nuT. Piaülis Lž) (Deltuviene 2006: 182) (c yHacnegoBaHHHM [T.e. Heu3MeHeHHHM] ei, xa-paKTepHHM gna npou3BogHbix b roBope 3anagHbix «eMaMTOB [cm. Zinkevičius 1966: 90]), T.e. *Pei-n-au-j-išk- (cp. rugpoHUM nuT. Pienauja) (c a6cop6^ueM -n- u nepexo-goM -j- b -l- M3-3a cMHrapMOHM3Ma cornacHbix, T.e. n...j [3y6H0M 3bohkum ... He6HHM 3bohkum] > n...l [3y6H0M 3bohkum ... 3y6H0M 3bohkum]) - noxo^ee U3MeHeHue, Bugu-mo, OTpa^aeT u rugpoHUM nuT. Kuleliškes ~ rugpoHUM nuT. Külevas »peKa b paMOHe OBeKEHH« (Skardžius I: 389) < nuT. guan. küliavä10 »nopor peKu« (Vanagas 1970: 104), xoTa ^aÖMyTuc BunbKuc (Bilkis 2008: 66) npuBoguT gpyroe o6,bacHeHue no ero ^TU-Monoruu, T.e. coothocut ero c um. cy^. nuT. kulelis (xoTa TaKaa ^opMa OTcyTcTByeT b LKŽ; npuBoguTca TonbKO nuT. külelis »cBa3Ka conoMH gna noKpHTua KpaeB Kpbimu; cHon; xBopocTHHaa Ba3Ka; cBa3Ka u3 npyTbeB; TpocTHUKOBaa Ba3Ka, ucnonb3yeMaa bo BpeMa o6yneHua no nnaBaHbro; [6ot.] B0n0KH0« [LKŽe]). Yreep^geHue BunbKuca, hko6h rugpoHuM nuT. Kuleliškes mo»ho cooTHecTu c nuT. kulys »3anuB, mhc; u3ru6, yron«, aBnaeTca Ka3yucruHHbiM, nocKonbKy He M0TuBup0BaH ceMaHTUHecKU. Abtop runoTe3H He o6paTun BHuMaHua Ha to, hto Bce, um npuBegeHHbie, ceMeMH aBnaroTca acco^uaTUBaMU pe^epeHTa »yron«, cp. nuT. kulys/külis »Kpaö nnaTKa unu HocoBoro nnaTKa; por; 3anuB, Mbic; u3ru6, u3bub; yron; 6ok, KycoK« (LKŽe), T.e. Bpag nu npu-BegeHHaa um pe^epeHTHaa nepega uMeeT hto-to o6^ee c runep0HuM0M rugpoHuMa »6onoTucToe MecTO«, cp. cuHTaKcunecKue npuMepbi b LKŽ, Ha K0T0pbix BunbKuc cTpouT cBoe npegnono^eHue: »3anuB, mhc« Nuvesk arklius kulin prie upes, tai užuveja ir žoles daugiau, m.e. OmBedu Koueü na muc k peKe, mau 3aBempennoe Mecmo u mpaBU noöonbme; Sausa, eisim šienaut kuliß, m.e. Cyxo, noüdeu Kocumb na muc; An kuliß jau seniai žüsta (žvejoja), m.e. ffaBuo yMe na uuce nponadaem (no-Bum pbiöy); Ežero kulyfy (pusiasalyje) auga viksvos, m.e. Ha uuce o3epa (na nonyocmpoBe) pacmem ocoKa; Kažkur nueina kuliat (ežero užtakis), m.e. Kyda-mo Bedem o3epuuü 3amon; Tas laukas nepatogus - labai didelis kulis jsikiša kito lauko, m.e. ^mo none neydoöno - oneub öonbrnax nacmb öpyaoao nponuKaem b nezo; Müsy ežeras kuliß kaip ir neturi, m.e. B uameu o3epe nemy mucob; »u3ru6, u3bub« Čia neikit - darysit didelj kulj, m.e. Cmda ne xodume - öydem öonbmoü oöxoö. Bce ohu npegonpegenaroT B0ccTaH0BneHue ceMeMH »MecTO, Haxoga^eeca no Bepxy ypoBHa BogH ^ mhc« (e^e cp. nuT. guan. [^eMaÖT.] külis »KaMeHb« [DLKŽ]). 3HanuT, ocHOBHBaacb Ha runoTe3e, BbigBUHyTOM BunbKucoM, »6onoTucToe MecTO« Hy^HO 6bino 6h u3^acHaTb KaK »MecTO, Haxoga^eeca no Bepxy ypoBHa BogH ^ oc-TpoB«, xoTa oho aBnaeTca cuhohumom pe^epeHTa »60n0T0« (~ nuT. pelke »nponuTaH-Haa BogoM 3eMna, nacTO c Top^aHHM cnoeM; [^eMaÖT.] ny«a« [DLKŽ]), cp. nuT. ratstas 10 flonrufi rnacHHM cnoBa He 06a3aTenbH0 gon«eH M3tacHaTca KaK pe^neKc yHacnegoBaHHofi gonroTH (T.e. longitudo de natura), nocKonbKy TaKoe Ka^ecTBO Morno 6biTb npegonpegeneHO BTopu^HbiM ygnuHeHueM (ecnu oh Haxogunca nog ygapeHueM), cBOMcTBeHHHM gna roBopoB «eMaMTOB. To «e npaBuno npMMeHM-MO u k ^opMe c KpaTKMM rnacHHM, TaK KaK b stom guaneKTHOM 30He gonruM rnacHHM coKpa^anca, ecnu Haxogunca b HeygapHOM ^03M^MM (cm. Zinkevičius 1966: 75, 491). »TonKoe öohoto, oöpocmee KycTapHMKoM u gepeBbaMu« (DLK2) ^ rugpoHuM hut. Raistas »öohoto y KayHaca« (LE XXIV: 446). BaHT. *peinan »mohoko«, BuguMo, oTpa^aeTca u b Mop^oHorunecKoß CTpyKTy-pe TonoHuMa MaHoß ^utbh Peiaulinischkenn 1564 (Deltuviene 2006: 277), KoTopoe fl. flaHTyBueHe Bo3BoguT k *piaulyn- < hut. piaulas »crHuBmee gepeBo, öpeBHo, neHb, go-cKa; nacTb crHuBmero gepeBa; ryÖKa« (LK2 IX: 886). noaBHeHue 3anagHocHaBaHcKoro 3auMcTBoBaHua b npyccKoM gHa nepegaHu 3HaHeHua MoHoKa (u3HanaHbHo, BuguMo, KoöHHbero MoHoKa [!!!]) Morao öHTb npego-npegeneHo oöpagoBHMu ocoöeHHocraMu HeKpoKyHbTa öaHTußcKux (ocoöeHHo, npyc-ckux) nneMeH, u3gaBHa KoHTaKTupoBaBmux c npegcTaBuTenaMu 3anagHocHaBaHCKux HapogHocTeö u, no-BuguMoMy, uMeBmux TecHHe KyHbTypHHe cBa3u. M3-3a ugeHTuH-hoctu KyHbTypHHx peHuKToBHx ^HeMeHTOB norpeöaHbHoro oöpaga, cBa3aHHoro c nuTbeM KoÖHHbero MoHoKa, Me^gy 3anagHHMu cHaBaHaMu (KamyöaMu) u npyccaMu, mo^ho cgenaTb ocropo^Hoe npegnono^eHue o pe^HeKcuu oö^euHgoeBponeöcKoö Tpagu^u norpeöaHbHoro oöpaga (cp. oö^ue ^THO^pa^uHecKue motubh: mecr/croHö, oöe3rnaBHuBaHue ^epTBeHHoro äubothoto, nuTbe KoöbiHbero MoHoKa...) (nogpoöHee cm. Kregzdys 2011: 71 u T.g.). BwBogw 1) Kamyö. donota *»mohoko« < *do-j(e)-n-ota »t.ä.« < um. npunar. 3an. ch. *doj(b) ny »goMHHM« > gp. noH. dojny »t.^.«, noH. dojny »(apx.) cBa3aHHHM c goeHueM; goß-hhm«; 2) 1) npycc. dadan — HeKcuHecKoe 3auMcTBoBaHue u3 3anagHocHaBaHcKoro ape-aHa: um. cy^. 3anag. ch. *doja »ygoß, mohoko« [< um. cy^. npacHaB. *doja »t.^.«] ^ um. cy^. npycc. *doja »t.ä.« > npycc. *doga [c nepexogoM -i- > -g- (He rpa^unecKuß, a ^oHeTunecKuß BapuaHT (!!!)] > npycc. *doda (c nepexogoM -g- b -d- no npuH^ny KoHcoHaHTHoro cuHrapMoHu3Ma) > npycc. dadan (c u3MeHeHueM cHaB. -o- b npycc. (E) -a- u -an no aHaHoruu c npycc. *peinan »mohoko«); 3) ^oHbKHopHHM motub »pjic ... Kobelim donotg«, BuguMo, oTpa^aeT peHuKT oö-^euHgoeBponeßcKoM Tpagu^u norpeöaHbHoro oöpaga. MCTO^HMKM M nMTepaTypa A^aHacbeB I—III - A^aHacbeB A. H. ^o^mu^ecKue B033peHux cnaBrn Ha npupody: Onum cpaBHumenbHo^o u3yneHux cnaBmcKux npedaHuü u BepoBaHuü b cbh3u c MutfiunecKUMu cKa3aHuXMu ^py^ux podcmBeHHUx HapodoB 1—3. MocKBa: CoBpe- MeHHHM nucaTeHb, 1995. M I — TonopoB B. H. npyccKuü H3UK: CnoBapb A-D. MocKBa: HayKa, 1975. i>rAK — ^oHuaHT rocygapcTBeHHoro apxuBa KeHurcöepra ^A. 1999. rpenecKax Kynbmypa b Muifax, cuMBonax u mepMu-Hax. CaHKT-neTep6ypr: AneTeöa. Togg M. 2005. BapBapu. ffpeBHue ^epMaH^u. Bum, penmux, Kynbympa. MocKBa: 3AO ^HTpnonurpa^. TonopoB B. H. 1990. KoHHbie cocTH3aHuH Ha noxopoHax. MccneöoBaHux b o6nacmu 6anmo-cnaBxmKoü dyxoBHoü Kynbmypu. ^o^pe6anbHuü o6pxd. MocKBa HayKa, 12-47. TonopoB B. H. 2000. M3 uHgoeBponeöcKoö ^TUMono^uu. VI (1-2). ^muMono^ux 19971999, 172-185. Bilkis L. 2008. Lietuviy helonimy daryba. Priesaginiai ir priesagetieji helonimai. Vilnius: Lietuvi^ kalbos institutas. Blaziene G. 2005. Baltische Ortsnamen in Ostpreußen. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. Borys W., Popowska-Taborska H. 1997. Siownik etymologiczny kaszubszcyzny II (D-J). Warszawa: Slawistyczny Osrodek Wydawniczy. Bosworth J. 1859. King Alfred«s Anglo-Saxon version of the Compedious History of the World. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. Bosworth J. [Hampson] 1859. An essay on the Geography of King Alfred the Great, taken from his A. S. Version of Orosius: containing Alfred«s description of Europe in the 9th century, and his account of the voyages of Ohthere and Wulfstan into the White and Baltic seas. Joseph Bosworth. King Alfred«s Anglo-Saxon version of the Compedious History of the World. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans; 199-253 [1-63]. Brückner A. 1877. Litu-Slavische Studien 1. Teil: die slavischen Fremdwörter im Litauischen. Weimar: Hermann Böhlau. Brückner A. 1957. Siownik etymologiczny jgzyka polskiego. Warszawa: Wiedza powszechna. Butkus A. 1995. Lietuviy pravardes. Kaunas: ^sti. Dejna K. 1973. Dialekty polskie. Wroclaw & Gdansk: Drukarnia naukowa. Deltuviene D. 2006. Baltiški Mažosios Lietuvos XIV-XVIII a. oikonimai. Vilnius: Vilniaus universiteto leidykla. Dunduliene P. 1963. Zemdirbyste Lietuvoje. Lietuvos TSR aukšt j mokykl^ mokslo darbai. Istorija V. Vilnius: Valstybine politines ir mokslines literatüros leidykla. Frazer J. G. 1925. The Golden Bough. A Study in Magic and Religion. New York: The MacMillan Company. Gerullis G. 1922. Die altppreußischen Orstnamen. Berlin und Leipzig: Vereinigung wissenschaftlicher Verleger. Ghirshman R. 1964. The Arts of Ancient Iran. New York. Gussmann E. 2007. The Phonology of Polish. New York: Oxford University Press Inc. Kempinski A. M. 2003. Ilustrowany leksykon mitologii wikingow. Poznan: KURPISZ. Kolberg O. 1965. Dzieia wszystkie. Pomorze. T. 39. Z r^kopisöw opracowali J. K^dziolka, D. Pawlakowa redakcja tekstöw gwarowych..., Z. Zagörski, redaktor J. Burszta, Wroclaw & Poznan: Wydawnictwo P.W.M. Kregždys R. 2009. Ide. suff. *-ko- semantine sklaida balt^ kalbose. Res humanitariae 6, 112-132. Kregždys R. 2010. Balty kalby leksines semantines gretybes (paveldetieji o/a kamieny küno daliy pavadinimai). Vilnius: Lietuvos kultüros tyrim^ institutas. Kregždys R. 2010a. M. Stryikowskio veikalo Kronika Polska, Litewska, Zmödzka i wszystkiej Rusi teonimai: Chaurirari. Acta Linguistica Lithuanica 62-63, 50-81. Kregždys R. 2011. Balty metempsichoze: velionio išlydejimo papročio, aprašyto P. Orozijaus kronikos Wulfstano intarpe ir Süduviy knygeleje, verifikavimo klausimu. Res humanitariae 10, 71-107. Kregždys R. 2012. Balty mitologemy etimologijos žodynas I: Kristburgo sutartis. Vilnius: Lietuvos kultüros tyrim^ institutas (forthcoming). Kuzavinis K. 1964. Prüsy kalba. Vilnius: Vilniaus valstybinis pedagoginis institutas. Levin J. F. 1974. The Slavic element in the Old Prussian Elbing Vocabulary. Berkeley & London: California University Press. Lunt H. G. 2001. Old church Slavonic grammar. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter. MacDonell A. A. 1897. Vedic mythology. Strassburg: Verlag von Karl J. Trübner. Mažiulis V. 2004. Prüsy kalbos istorine gramatika. Vilnius: Vilniaus universiteto leidykla. Nesselmann G. H. F. 1873. Thesaurus linguae Prussicae. Berlin: Ferd. Dümmlers Verlagsbuchhandlung. Orel V. 1998. Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Leiden & Köln: Brill. Przybytek R. 1993. Ortsnamen baltischer Herkunft im südlichen Teil Ostpreußens. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. Sychta B. 1967. Siownik gwar kaszubskich na tle kultury ludowej 1. Wroclaw & Gdansk: Ossolineum. Trofimowic K. K. 1974. Hornjoserbsko-ruski siownik. Budysin: Ludowe nakladnistwo Domowina; Moskwa: „Ruska reč". Vanagas A. 1970. Lietuvos TSR hidronimy daryba. Vilnius: Mintis. Vanagas A. 1981. Lietuviy hidronimy etimologinis žodynas. Vilnius: Mokslas. Velius N. 1977. Mitines lietuviy sakmiy bütybes. Vilnius: Vaga. Ziesemer W. 1924. Die ostpreußischen Mundarten. Königsberg: Ferdinand Hirt in Breslau. Zinkevičius Z. 1966. Lietuviy dialektologija. Vilnius: Mintis. The data to reconstruction of the Baltic-Slavic funeral ceremony: Kashubian donota »milk« (Baltic and Slavic lexical equivalents) Rolandas Kregzdys The article investigates the Kashubian rite of the beheaded kite and the Prussian departed dead-office description presented in P. Orosius Historiae adversum paganos relation of Wulfstan. Also the work presents an etymological analysis of the Kashubian donota »milk« and its possible Baltic and Slavic lexical equivalents: Pruss. dadan »milk«, toponym West Slav. Dadowe. In the light of the evidence adduced, the following conclusions are submitted: 1) kashub. donota *»milk« < *do-j(e)-n-ota »ditto« < adj. West Slavic *doj(b)ny »milch« > (archaic) Pol. dojny »ditto«, Pol. dojny »(archaic) in milk; milch«; 2) Pruss. dadan is a loanword from West Slavic: subst. West Slav. *doja »milk« [< subst. Proto-Slav. *doja »ditto«] ^ subst. Pruss. *doja »ditto« > Pruss. *doga [with a shift of -i- to -g- (non graphic, but phonetic variation!)] > Pruss. *doda (with a shift of -g-to -d- according to the rule of consonantal synharmonism) > Pruss. dadan (with a shift of Slav. -o- to Pruss. (E) -a- and -an by the analogy of Pruss. *peinan »milk«); 3) folklore motive »pjic ... Kobelim donot^« reflects the common dead-office tradition of the Indo-European peoples; 4) The Kashubian rite of the beheaded kite and the Prussian departed dead-office description presented in P. Orosius Historiae adversum paganos relation of Wulfstan reflects authentic information on the very early Baltic and Slavic culture period, and also presupposes tendencies of a common necrocult and the existence of an unified Indo-European exequies tradition.