■ -ft - * A JOURNAL O F transactions and events, during a RESIDENCE OF NEARLY SIXTEEN YEARS ON THE COAST of LABRADOR; CONTAINING 4 many interesting particulars, BOTH OF THE country and ns inhabitants, n ot hitherto known. illustrated with proper charts. By GEORGE CA R TWRIGHT, Efq. ii r e e v o l u m e s. vol. ii. NEWARK: printed and sold by allin and ridge; OLD also li\ C. G. J. and J. ROUINSON, IN PAT£RKOSTER-BOW, AND J, stockdalje, PICCADILLY, LONDON. K K BIBLIOTHEKi GL.OSSARY. AUNTS a ry. A bird of the wading genus, refcmbling a redfhank. angle of a beaverhouse. The entrance; it is always under water. Baled Apples. The fruit of a plant fo called, from the fimilarity of taflc to that of the pulp of a roafled apple. Barrens. Elevated lands, which will not produce timber. Barricados. That ice which is formed upon the more above low-water mark. Beaver-cuttings. A furrier's term for thofe trees or flicks which have been cut down by beavers. It is alfo ufed for the flumps which arc left. Block up a Boat. To place blocks, or logs of wood under her keel. bobber, A fmall piece of wood, which is made fafl by a piece of line (called the bobber-line) to that corner of a fhoal-net next to the land, which, by floating upon the water, fhews where the net is. Bridge of a Deathfall. a piece of board placed within a deathfall; one end of which is hung to a fmall (take by a piece of twine, and the other end is fupported in an horizontal pofition by a peg (called a tongue.) When an animal treads on it, the peg is drawn out, which fets the cat-killer at liberty, and that falls upon the back of the creature and kills it. Bridge of a Trap. a plate of iron in the centre of a trap for the animal to tread on, which then falling down, fets the jaws at liberty. Bulk of Fish. A quantity of filh faked one upon another. Bull. A fmall fea bird. I believe it is called the ice-bitd. Busk. A piece of board which is pointed at one end and broad at the other. When a lurboard is not broad enough to fpread a (kin properly, the bulk is introduced on the belly fide to flretch it completely. Callibogus. A mixture of fpruce-beer and rum. Vol. II. a Caplin. g loss a R y. Caplin. A fifh "Satmo Archcus" Pennant. CAT-HOUSE. A hut of boughs erected over a trap, to defend it from fnow. CHINSING. Filling with mofs, the vacancies between the duds of houfe s, to keep out the wind and troll. Codstage. A covered platform, which is built, projecting over the water, to fplit and fait codfifh in. Craft. A filhei man's term, fignifying the whole of the implements they ufc ; fuch as nets, hooks, lines, &.c. Crew of Beavers. The two old beavers, and all their young ones which have not yet begun to breed. If there are more breeding pairs than one in the fame houfe, it is laid, to be inhabited by a double or treble crew. Cross-fox. A fox which is bred between a diver and a yellow. C li lis. Mittens to wear upon the hands. They refemble thofe made ufe of by hedgers in England. Deathfall. A trap made of logs. They are chiefly ufed to catch martens, but they will kill any beaft, by erecting them in proportion to his hze and ftrcngth. Dillroom. The well in a boat. Doater. An old,, common feal. Eddy Flaw. Where the current of wind is interrupted by a hill or any other body, fhort pulTs will often flrike in a contrary direction; thofe are called Eddy Flaws. Faggots of Fish. Small parcels of codfifh, from a dozen to a fcore, laid one upon another, with their backs upwards to be defended from wet, during rain or the night. Fale in a River. A fmall cataract. Fish upon the Gangboards. An cxpreflion ufed by fifhermcn to denote, a boat being completely laden with fifh; to lhew which, they bring in two or three upon the Gangboards. Flakes. Sets of beams, which are fupported on polls and mores, and covered with boughs. They are ufed to dry filh upon. They are of two forts, viz : Broad-flakcs and Hand-flakes. Fleet 01 Nets. A number of nets, which are fattened to each other, in fuch manner as to form a pound, or pounds. A fleet of falinon-nets, commonly fpeaking, is but three. But there is no determined number for a fleet of Stopper-nets for feals. Flight-time. The periodical migration of ducks. Frostburn. A deep and ferious penetration of frofl on any animal fubflance. The effect of fevere frofl on animal fubflances being equal with that of fire, is the reafon of that term. furboards. Boards to fpread furs upon. Ganging g l o s s a r y. v Ganging Hooks and Leads. To fix fine twine in a particular manner to fiih-hooks, and fmall flraps of line to leads, that they may be ready for immediate ufe. Gigger or Jigger. A pair of large books fixed back to back with fome lead run upon the fhanks, in the fhape of a fifh. The Gigger being let down to the bottom, is played by (harp jerks, and fuch fifh arc hooked by it, as arc enticed bv the refemblance of the lead to a real fifh. Gully. A Barrel with only one head in it, and a couple of large holes bored under the chime hoops of the other end, to introduce a flang to carry it upon. They are ufed chiefly to carry fait in. Harp. An old feal of that kind called by Pennant, "Blackback." Haul a Net. Such nets as are eonflantly moored in the water are hauled by going out to them in a boat, hying hold of one end, and hauling the boat along by the head-rope to the other end, taking the filh out into the boat; the iiicfhes being made large enough for the fifh to entangle them-felves in them. A feine is hauled, by (hooting it, by degrees, out of a boat into the water, and hauling it on lliore again by the two ends. Hound. A water-fowl rather larger than a teal. Thefc birds migrate to the north in large flocks in the fpiing, and as they fly, make a continual noife, than which nothing can more refeinble the cry of a pack of beagles when in chafe. When, and how they return to the fouth again I am unacquainted. HUMMOC. A little hill. Jam Ice. The low ice with which the whole face of the ocean is covered cverv winter, and until late in the fummer. Jau. The young of the fmallelf kind of feal; the, old ones are called Dou- ble Jars. Jerk. To cure fifh or meat in the open air without faltt Killers of a Deathfall, are three, viz. The Ground-killer; which lies upon the ground, acrofs the front of the Deathfall. The Cat-killer; one end of which turns upon a nail which is driven into a flrong flake, and the other is fupported high up by a line which palles over a crutch on the top of a flake and then comes down to another at the bottom, under which one end of the tongue is fixed, while the other fupports the bridge; which being prelled by the animal, diiengag.es the point of the tongue, that fets the cat-killer at libeity and it falls down upon the ground-killer; confequently falls down upon the bauk of any animal, which may be Handing acrofs the latter. And the Main-ktller; one end of which refU upon the ground and the other upon g l- o ssar y. upon the elevated end of the Cat-killer, and falls with it; ferving to keep the latter down. K1 luck. A wooden anchor, made by nailing a pair of claws acrofs each other, and fixing three rods to each claw; within which a large Hone is placed to give it weight, and the ends of all the rods are tied together above the flone, to fecure it in its place. King-hairs. The long, glolfy hairs in the fkin of a bean1, which cover the thick coat of fur. Kyack. The Efquimau name for the canoe which is made ufe of by that nation. Lady. A water-fowl of the duck genus, and the hen of the lord. Lance. A fmall fifh* The Sand-eel. Lan dwasii. That part of the more which is within the reach of the water in heavy gales of wind. Laying-room. Boughs fpread upon the ground to dry fifh upon. They are fel- dom made ufe of, except on the firft cuablilhing a cod-fifliery, before there has been time to erett flakes. Ledge. Sunken rocks, and fhoaly places in the fea, where the codfifh refort. LoBSCOUSE. A fea difh. It is a composition of minced, falted beef, fea bifcuit broken fmall, together with potatoes and onions, pepper dec. rc- fembling a thick foup. Longer*. Poles, which, by being nailed top to but, are made ufe of for floors, inflcad of boards. Lolly. Soft ice, or congealed fnow floating in the water when it firft begins to freeze. Loon. A large fowl of the diving genus. Lord. A water-fowl of the teal kind. Mew. A keeper's term, for deer calling their horns. MlNK. A fmall amphibious animal of the otter fpecies. Nitch or Rinds. Ten in number, or as many large ones, as a man can conveniently carry under his arm. Each rind mult he fix feet long, and as wide as the circumference of the tree on which it grew. Northwester. A hood to cover the head and fhouldcrs in fevcre weather. It is intended chiefly to defend the cheeks and neck. Pack of Casks. A calk which i» taken to pieces, firft marking the ftaves, bundled up together and fecured by four hoops. Pan of Ice. A piece of flat ice of no determined fi/.e, but not very large; the large ones are called fheets of ice. Pelt. The fkin of an animal with the fat adhering to it. That term is made ufe «fc of, for die (kins of feals, and fuch other animals, the fat of which lies between the fkin and the flefh. A feal &c. is faid to be Pelted, . when the fkin and fat are taken off together. PiiuirPERS. The fin-like feet of feals, and other amphibious animals. Pile of Fish. A large quantity of dry fifh, built up in the form of a round hayflack. When they are fufficiently cured upon the flakes, they arc made up into a pile, in order to preferve them from wet; to get a gentle heat, and to make room for others. Pi movers. Bits of flannel, which are tacked to one fide of the Northwefler, and pinned to the other; one covering the nofc, and the other, the chin. Planter. A man who keeps fervants of his own, and carries on bufinefs for him-felf: but who, by not having a vcHel, buys his neceffary fupplies from, and fells the produce of his concerns to a merchant in the ' country. Pooler. A faimon which has lain a long time in a river, but has not yet fpawned. Post. A flout piece of timber, Handing perpendicularly under a beam. A ftation from whence a filhery is carried on. Pryor-pole. A long pole, which is faflened to that end of a fhoal-net that is fartheft from the land, by a piece of rat-line; which, not being long enough to reach to the furface of the water, caufes the top of the pole to appear, when the water is covered with ice or lolly. Ptarmigan. A bird of the groufe kind ; it generally weighs about a pound, but feldom more. Punt. A fmall boat. Raftering of Ice. Ice is faid to rafter, when, by being flopped in its pafiage, one piece is forced under another, until the uppermofl ones rife to a great height. Rand of Fat. A fealer's term for a large piece of fat, jufl. as it happens to be cut off the animal, Rapid, in a River. Where there is a Hidden declivity of the bed of a river, the flream runs quicker; fuch places are called Rapids. Rattle, in a River. Where there is a fucceflionof falls in a river (which are frequently to be met with in mountainous countries) the falling water makes a great noife; fuch a place is called a Rattle* Rendering Oil, A fealer's term for melting fat into oil. Rinding. The attion of taking the bark from trees. In this part of the world, one length only, of fix feet, is taken off the lower part of the trunk of a tree. The chief ufe of rinds is, to cover the roofs of houfes and piles of fifh. Rode. A fmall tow-line, of four inches and an half ;made ufe of by fhallops, by way of a cable. Vol. II. b Round viii glossary. Roun d Seal. A fea! which has not yet been either dunned or pelted. Rubbingplace. A place by the water-fide, which otters have frequently made ufe of to rub thcmfelves on after filhing. Ru mm age, A furrier's term lor fcarching a country; particularly for beaver-houfes, when nothing elfe is mentioned. Saddle of a Hill. The low part between two elevations on a chain of hills. Saddleback. The largelt fpecies of gull. "Blackback." Pennant. Sculp in. A filh of the gurnet genus. Sew el. A device to turn deer; particularly applied to the feathered line. Shellbird, A water-fowl. 1 believe it is called honer in England. Shares. Men are faid to work on the JJiarcs when they have a proportion of what they kill or make, in lieu of wages; their employer fuinifhing craft. Shin. An inftrumcntof wood, to take rinds off the trees. Shoal-net. A net to catch feals in. It is generally forty fathoms long and two deep. The foot of it is brought to, on a fhallop's old rode, and the head, on two fifhing-lines; with corks between. It is fet in any depth of" water, not exceeding fifteen fathoms nor lefs than three, and moored by a couple of killicks, failened by eight or ten fathoms of rope to the ends of the foot-rope, which by its weight keeps the foot of the net clofe to the bottom of the water, and the corks make it (land perpendicular. As the feals dive along near the bottom to fifh, they ftrike into the net and are entangled; for the net is placed, with one end towards the, fhore, and the other right off. The Pryor-pole at the outer clew (corner) and the bobber at the innei one, fhew where the net is. The fealers lay hold of cither, and by their means bring the m head of the net to the boat; they, then haul their boat along to the other end, and take the feals out as they go. Shoals of Seals, or Fish. A number of feals or fifh being in company, are called a flwal. I prefume tlie term arofe, from the bi caking of the water among them, appearing like the ripphni; of fhoaly ground. Shoot in a River. A place where the ftream, being confined by rocks which appear above water, is fhot through the aperture with great force. Shore. A flout poft placed on the fide of a beam in a reclined pofition, to prevent its giving way on that fide. Shoremen. The people who are employed on Ihore, to head, fylit, and fait the codfifh. Shore up A Boat. When a boat is placed upon the blocks, and fet unright, feveral mores are placed on each fiue , to prevent us failing i uhcr to one fide or the other. Silver-fox. glossary. ix Silver-fox. A black-fox, with white king-hairs difperfed on the back of it. Silver-th aw. When it rains and freezes at the fame time. Slink. A falmon which has fpawned, and has not yet recovered itfelf by returning into the fea; till which time, it never will. Slip. A fnare for catching deer, bears, or other large animals. They are made of various materials, accordingly as a man is provided. Slot. The foot-mark of deer. Spring fish. A falmon which is in perfect feafon. Spruce-game. A bird of the groufe genus. Spudgel. A fmall bucket fixed to the end of a pole,, to throw the water out of a boat, which has no pump. Spurshores. Very long fhores, to fupport the wall-plate of the roof of a codflage. Squid. The inkfifh. Swing a net. A net is faid to be at Jiving, when one end only of it is made fall, steady in a RlVER. A part where the bed widens, inclining to a pond, and there is no perceptible fir earn. Stint. The dam made by beavers acrofs a ftream, to raife the water to a height convenient for their purpofe. WRITH. The contents of th« magazine formed by beavers, for their fupport in the winter. Stock of Timber. A piece of timber, intended to be fawed. Stopper-net. A large net for catching feals, which is made 10 fit the place in which it is fixed ; the foot lies upon the giound, and the head floats on the furface of the water, by means of buoys. The farther end is made fafl to an ifland (where there is one) or to the head-rope of a long net which is moored parallel to the fhore, and the near end is raifed or lowered at pleafure, by means of capflans. Several of thefe nets being placed at certain diflances fiom each other, form fo many pounds, Stouter. Very flrong fhores, which are placed round the head of a flage or wharf, to prevent them from being damaged by (hips or boats. Stranger. A water fowl of the duck kind. Tail a Trap. To fix it properly for catching an animal. Thwart up a Boat. To mo /e a boat out of the reach of the tide, by the afuflancc of leavers or bodily llrength, when {he is laid broadfide to the fhore. Tickle. A pafTage between the continent and an ifland, or between two illands, when it is of no great wulih. Tinker. A fea fowl. "Razorbill."—Pennant. Tilt. A fmall hut. Tilt- X g L o s s a R Y. Tilt-back. A Back-tilt is a fhed made of boughs, refembling the fe&ior. of a roof ; the back part is placed towards the wind, and a fire is generally made in the front. Tom-cod. Young codfifh. Tongue of a Deathfall. A peg, which is tied to the end of the line which fupports the Cat-killer; the but end of which is placed under a fork or notch in a flake, and the point is infertcd in a hole in the end of the bridge. Tongue of a Trap. A fmall bar of iron, which is placed on one fide of the bed of a trap, and turns upon a pin; it paffes over one of the jaws, and the end of it is fixed under the heel of the bridge, which it fupports until that is preffed upon ; when, being fet at liberty, the jaws fly up. Turn of Timber. So much as a man can carry on his fhoulders. Water-horse. Newly wafhed codfifh, which are laid upon each other to drain before they are fpread to dry. WlIABBY. A water-fowl of the diving genus. Whigwham. An Indian tent of a conical form. Wh iteco at. A young feal, before it has caff its firft coat, which is white and furry. Whitefish. A fifh of the Porpoife kind. Whitings. Trees which have been barked, and left Handing. Whittled-sticks. Sticks from which beavers have eaten the bark. Wrappers. Loofe flevee-pieces to button round the wrifts, to defend them from the froft. Youngster. A novitiate ; a perfon in the firft year, or early part of his fervitude one who has his Cufinefs to learn. JOURNAL OF TRANSACTIONS and EVENTS on the COAST of LABRADOR. THE THIRD VOYAGE. qoon after my arrival in town, I entered into a partnerfhip f ^ with captain Robert Scott, late commander of the Speaker December. Eaft Indiaman, and Mr. John Scott, his younger brother, who had been his fourth mate on board the faid fhip. They were jointly to have one half of the trade, and i the other. My velTel and Hock were to be received at a valuation of two thoufand pounds, and they were to furnifh an equal fum in calh. We appointed Mr. Robert Hunter, merchant in London, our faftor, and ordered him to purchafe another Veffel lor us, and provide fuch goods as I judged we fhould want. Vol. II. B On J773-December. Thurfday 30. 1774. January. Thurfday 10. On the thirtieth of December I let off for the country to vifit my relations, returned to town again on the tenth of January, and we figned our articles of partnerfhip a few days afterwards. March Mr. Hunter having purchafed an American-built (hip for us, almolt new, of two hundred and thirty tons burthen; we named her the Earl of Dartmouth, gave the command of her to Mr. Thurfday 1 o. John Dykes, fitted her for fea, and on the tenth of March fhe failed for Cadiz, to take in a freight of wines for Mr. Adam Lym-burner of Quebec. There lhe was to procure bread, flour, planks, boards, hogfhead and tierce packs, hoops, and fuch other articles as were cheaper, in general, at that place than in England, and carry them to Charles Harbour for the ufe of the company. Mr. John Scott failed in her in quality of fupercargo. Captain Monday having mifbehaved himfelf greatly, in feveral inflances, during the courfeof my laft voyage, Idifcharg-ed him, and gave the command of the Lady Tyrconnel to Mr. Thomas Venture. That veffel having taken on board all fuch things as had been provided in London, tailed on the twenty-Wair.cr. 23. third of March for Plymouth; where fhe was to receive feveral other goods. Captain Scott embarked; as did alfo Mr. James Pitkethlcy, whom we had hired to ferve us in the double capacity of furgeon and clerk, in the place of Mr. Williams. I was to go by land t6 Poole and Bndport, and meet the vellel at Plymouth. Th\ rfdty 24. April. Saturday 2. I left London the next day, and arrived at Plymouth on the fecoad of April, where I found the vefTel fafe moored. We nef. 13. Having fhinped off all our goods, and hired a joiner, two m , Wtfrf/k E' and a couple of women fervants, we failed at fix in the morning of the thirteenth for Waierford or Cork; as the wind m it bettfuit. The The wind being fair and a fine sjale, we ran down the Chan- i-A—* nel at the rate of feven knots. At three in the afternoon, cap- April, tain Venture, being employed in the cabin in preparing fome tackle for trout on his arrival in Labrador, did not pay proper attention to the courfe of the veflel; in confequence of which flic ran upon that well-known rock called Rundleftone, which lies about four miles fouthward of the Land's-end. She inflant-ly flopped, and we immediately faw many fplinters from her bottom, floating on the furface of the water. In a few minutes fhe went on again, and we tried the pumps continually, but fhe made no water; this furprifed us greatly, for the fhock was a fevere one. It blew frefh all night, and the tide out of the Irifh andBriflol Channels, having fet us farther to leeward than we had fuppofed it wTould; the next morning we found ourfelves TWfdayt^ far to leeward of Waterford, and therefore bore up for Cork, where we anchored at eight in the evening near the village of Cove. We applied to Mr. Jafper Lucas, a merchant in Cork, to whom we had a letter of credit, for fuch provifions and other neceffaries as we were in want of; and we engaged a number of young men to go out with, and ferve us in Labrador for the fpace of two fummers and a winter; among whom were nine coopers and fome fimermen. As I could not be periuaded that the veflel had received no Tuefday 26. damage from the rock, I at length prevailed upon captain Scott to have her bottom examined; and on the twenty-fixth we laid her on fhore for that purpofe. We then found that fourteen feet of her keel was torn entirely off, clofe to her bottom ; and two planks on her flarboard bulge, three feet long, fhivered to fplinters; which fhewed that fhe had flruck upon the crown of one rock, and againfl the fide of another. At high-water fhe v ct,ncf'270 B 2 was was heeled to the other fide, and when the tide returned, fhe April. filled up to her decks, and laid her whole cargo under water. Thurfday 28. Qn the twenty-eighth we began to unload the veffel. The goods were obliged to be fent up to Cork, and flored under the care of a cultom-houfe officer. Such as were not fpoiled, were dried; and the reft were condemned. We then had a regular (urvey on the veffel, when it was difcovered, that eight of her floor timbers on one fide, and fix on the other were fnapped fhort Clff. In confequence of which, and the other damages together, fhe was condemned as unfit to proceed on her voyage. Saturday 30. On the thirtieth, we purchafed a new brig, built at Cork, but the infide wrork was not quite finifhed; the burthen was one hundred and thirty tons, and name, Succefs. The Lady Tyrconnel being thrown upon the hands of her under-writers, it was neceffary that captain Venture Ihould remain to take care of her. We therefore appointed Mr. John Lafoyle, late mate of the above veflel, and formerly boatfwain of the Speaker, to be mailer of the Succefs; but did not provide any mate under him, as captain Scott undertook, in fact, to command the veflel. We began to refhip the goods on the TlwrfdSy 5. fifth of May, and having completed every thing by the twelfth, Thuriday 12. we cleared out of the cuflom-houfe, and in the afternoon warped down the river as low as Marfhwall End. Saturday 14. The tide ferving in the morning of the fourteenth, we worked down to Cove, where the blundering pilot ran the brig a-ground upon the fpit; fire floated off again with the flood, and received no damage. In In working down the river, the people obferved a countryman going to Cork to fell milk, which he carried in a couple of churns Hung, one on each fide of his horfe. We being then very near the fhore, fome of them began to banter him, which put him out of temper, and he retorted with fome warmth. At that in-ftant the veffel was put in flays; when the fhivering of the fails, and the noife which the crew made in bracing them about, fo affrighted the horfe that he threw his rider and galloped off; fpilling the milk all the way he went. A loud laugh immediately broke out from the whole crew, accompanied by many taunting fpeeches, which, together with the bruife he had received, and the lofs of his milk, fo exafperated poor Paddy, that he in-flantly flripped into buff, advanced to the edge of the water, and flourifhed his fills about in a menacing manner: thus he vented his anger, both by words and geftures, till we were too far off to hear his voice. We embarked all our fervants the next day: and likewife Sunday 15. provided a couple of pregnant fows, which we were allured would not pig in lefs than fix weeks; but one of them actually brought forth in the boat, as fhe was going on board. As I had not paid for them, I obliged the feller to exchange her, iince fhe did not prove according to contract. On the lixteenth we got under weigh with the latter part of Monday 16. the afternoon's tide, and worked out fide of the (pit, where we lay till day-light the next morning, when we went; to fe-a with Turfdayi?. a frefh breeze, and at fun-fet were abrcafl of Cape Clear. wm to. E. frefh. We had the pleafure to find our new veffel fail well; and no- Tuefday 13. thing remarkable occurred till the thirty-firfl. There being then a great head fwell, occafioned by preceding flrong gales at weft; at one in the afternoon we had the misfortune to carry away our our main-mad, eight feet above the deck; the fall of which carried away alfo the boom, larboard cat-head, bumpkin and rail in the waift; together with both top-malls, and the main-top gallant mail. Had this misfortune happened on any of the lait fevendays, we mould have been diftrefted to the utmoll; as the weather was fo tcmpeftuous, and there was fomuch fea all that time, that we mould have been obliged to have cut the whole away, without having a fpar on board, except one top, and one top-gallant mad. Unfortunately, two good feamen were aloft at the time, both of whom were laved, but very much bruifed ; particularly one of them. By ten at night we had got all the wreck on board, and found neither yards nor fails damaged. We laid the veflel to under the fore-fail, and the reft went to fleep, while Pitkethley and I kept the watch all night. As there was but little wind fhe rolled, gunwale to, iuceffantly; and I often thought fhe would have turned bottom up ; for fhe is well built for that work, and is the molt uneafy veffel in a fea that I ever failed in. She is alfo of true Hibernian fabric, having a pine bottom, and oak upper works. By fix o' clock in the evening of the fecondof June, we had got up jury-mafts, fuch as they were, and then made fail again. 1 he next day we had a longitudinal obfervation of the fun and moon, by which we found ourfelves to be 350 34' Weft from Greenwich. By an obfervation of the fun and moon, we found our longitude to be 360 24' weft from London. We faw a gannet; a bird which is fcldom feen out of foundings; and many failors affirm that it never is, but they are miftaken. This day wc had another misfortune: we brought two fows big with pig from Ireland, under an affuranee that they would not pig in lefs than fix weeks, but one of them brought forth to-day. Being ing the anniverfary of the King's birth-day, captain Scott and < myfelf drank an extra bottle to his Majefty's health, and gave our people fome rum, that they might do the fame. This day we faw the firft penguin and feveral bulls. Lon- FrIday gitude per account corrected from the laft obfervation 480 42'. We have had hard gales with a great fea for this week part, which made the veflel labour prodigioufly. We faw a large ifland of ice; a fure proof that we were at Sum3a>' 12t no very great diflance from the land. Latitude 510 45' North. Longitude 520 35'. Weft. By a meridian obfervation to-day we found the latitude to Monday »«• 1 J Wind be 510 38' North, and by an obfervation of the fun and moon s. w.frcjh. at four o'clock this afternoon, our longitude was 540 3' Weft, by which Cape Charles bears North Weft by North, diftance feventy miles. If therefore, the obfervation is correct, and the wind holds, we fhall have fight of Belle Ifle at four o'clock to-morrow morning; and in order to afcertain the truth of the obfervation, we lleered North Well by North. N. B. Both the bearing and courfe are, by compafs, variation o\ points, Weil. Having continued to fleer the fame courfe, and fail at the fame tv% 14, rate ever fince yeflerday afternoon, at four o'clock this morn- S'}r'J*S' ing we faw the ifland of Belle Ifle bearing Weil North Well, difiance five leagues. At five we faw the land of Drifty Mountains, Cape Charles, and Cape St. Lewis; and, continuing our courfe we ran directly into Charles Harbour, where we anchored at one o'clock in the afternoon, by which we found the obfervation true within four or five miles; an exctnefs very fufficicnt for every purpofe. At three I went up to the Lodge in. in a fkiff, and found all my people well, excepting one man who had loll his toes by the frolt in May laft; and had the mortification to hear, that there was a general failure of feals laft leafon. I landed all the fhore-men at the Narrows, to raft down timber for building. Wedncf.ij. After breakfaft I went down in a punt with two boys; and wind overtaking the fkiff with a raft of timber, we took her in tow moderate. to Flat Point, then made the bell of our way on board. At four in the afternoon captain Scott and my fell, with four hands went off in a fmall fkiff for Port Marnham, and arrived there at ten. We found the buildings almoft completed, and the people waiting for the racks to fet up the pound. We looked into Fox Harbour, and fhot two ducks, and gathered a few eggs by the way. Clear, hot weather. rhur%i6. In the morning I went up to the head of the tide; there variable. were no fpiing fifh yet, but plenty of flinks in the river. Af'er lit(U breakfaft I walked upon the hills to reconnoitre the country, and to look for a deer. At noon the battcau arrived from the Collcroon with the racks. Weather, cloudy and moifl. Early in the morning we attempted to go home in the bat-teau, but were obliged to return. I then fat fome time on the eaftern point to fhoot ducks, and killed three. At nine o' clock we fet off in the punt and got on board the brig at two in the afternoon. I fpent the remainder of the day in looking after the people on fhore. The long-boat went to Port Marnham with fome necelfaries. Cloudy wrcathcr. At F rid'y 17. 5. IV. moucrate. At four this morning captain Scott and I went in the yawl *with two hands to the mouth of Indian Tickle to filh for cod; we killed half a quintal, and returned home at one in the afternoon. At three we wrent with four hands to the Lodge. Soon after our arrival there, two canoes of Nefcaupick Indians came. They made me a prefent of a beaver, and a marten fkin; for which I gave them in return, fome rum and gunpowder. The falmoniers fixed the pound to-day, and flopped half of the river. They alfo began a new houfe for themfelves. Clear, hot weather. r_^__^ 1774- ]nne. Saturday 18* Wind S. W. moderate. frtjk. We had twelve fpring-fifh in the pound this morning, and I killed a flink with my rod. In the evening we returned on board. Clear weather. Sunday 19. S. W.frefk. The fhoremen wTcrc employed this morning in warping the veflel into the cove; they afterwards turned thofe feal-nets which were fpread upon the ground, then flowed moFc of them on a fcaffold. I fent a boat out a fifhing, and they killed near a quintal. The long-boat returned from Port Marnham with the batteau: they reported, that Bcttres killed a tierce of fifh yeflerday with one net, and had flopped the river. The batteau wrent back with empty calks and other things. We planted forne potatoes on Otter Ifland. The Nefcaupick Indians came down, and I introduced them to the Efquimaux who remained here lafl winter; no others being yet arrived. A fmall brig of Hooper's arrived in Cape Harbour lafl night, as did a fhalloway of Coghlan's, at this place; and this morning, the furgcon of York Fort, who had been in her to Alexis River, came on board our veffel. From him we learned, that the Nautilus Sloop of War, captain William Parker, had arrived at Chateau. The fhalloway afterwards failed for Chateau, and I fent by her fome Vor. II. C letters Monday it* s. w. <-*-1 letters which I brought from England. In the evening the peo- junc. pic returned from Charles River. Clear and hot all day here; but there was a thick fog at the Cape. Tuefday ti. Having fent the Indians away, captain Scott accompanied me wX*n. m tne long-boat with five hands, fur the Colleroon; and arrived there in the evening. We found all things ready, plenty of fifh in the river, and a new fhalloway nearly finifhed. We carried the crew four new nets. Wednef. 22. The people were employed in calking the fhalloway, and in S'WuuuW' fitting her rigging. I went in my kyack up the river to look at the fawpits, and afterwards to Juniper Point. Evident marks of deer and geefe were to be feen there, and it appeared to be a good place for hay. We had fixty fifh to-day. Weather clear and hot. Thurfday 23. The people were employed as yeflerday. I went to the Alexander in my kyack, where I examined the falmon-pound, and tailed a large trap for deer in the marih which is at the mouth of it. Rainy weather. Friday 24. At low water in the afternoon, a young hind crofled the s.byw.hard fhoals from juniper point, for the north wefl point of the Alcx- andjqualty. i 1 ander. I way lay ed her there, but, on winding me, lhe turned back: I fired both my rifles at her, but was at too great a diftance. At high water, the fhalloway was launched and named the Otter. Two hundred and fixty-five filh were taken today: they come in much fader than ufual. The firft fpring fifh appeared here on the third of this month. Showery, dirty weather. We We fet up the Otter's malts and hung her rudder. Early in the morning captain Scott went up the river in fcarch of a mad for the brig, but could not find one. I wTent in my kyack to Bettrcs Illand, where I killed a pair of old gcefe with my rifle, and caught their five young ones alive, which were but a few days old. At noon captain Scott came to me in the long boat, with two hands; having left the other three to rig and bring down the Otter, and we then went homewards. A mile above Twelve o'clock Harbour we met the battcau going up with cafks, hoops, and other things. The wind fhifting with the flood obliged us to put into Glafs Cove, where we flayed till feven in the evening and then went on, but were under the ne-ceffity of rowing, ourfelves, all night; both our men being fo intoxicated with fome rum which they had contrived to deal from us, that they were fcarcely able to fit upon the thwarts. A clear, fine day. At three o' clock this morning we arrived in Stage Cove, at which time I turned the people out and fet them to work. The carpenter had begun our new dwelling-houfe. I went to bed at five, and got up again at eight. After dinner the long-boat and fealing-fkiff were loaden with fait; and I failed with them to Charles River, where we arrived at eleven at night. Some clay was put into the fkiff, and both boats were immediately fent back with a large raft of wood. Clear, hot weather. 17 74-]une. Saturday -5* Wind N W. Jrejlu E.frtjhi little, Sunday 26. W, moderate. I went down to the falmon-houfe, which is now below Indian Cove, and found the fifh were very badly fplit, and not properly falted. 1 made them repack it, and inflrucled them how to fplit it properly. I had the nets alfo taken up, and put out afrefh in angles; the head-man, I find, knows nothing of his bufmefs, for he had fet them llraight acrofs the river. Rainy weather. C 2 I em- Monday 27, w. variable. Jqually. 1774. June. Tucfclay 28. Wind 8. w. moderate. I employed myfeif all the morning in fixing the nets. The fifh came in fo abundantly, that the coopers could not fet up cafks fail enough. I went down at noon in a punt to Stage Cove, and fent her back with packs, and the long-boat with fait. Fine weather. Wcdner.29. I went in a punt with the Indians round Little Caribou, and Equally.' Duck Illand, and killed live ducks; but getting wet, I was much indifpofed afterwards; having, for this month pail, been very-bad of the rhcumatifm. The long-boat was fent up Charles River with more fait and another cooper. The fhore-men were employed on the dwelling-houfe and a ftore-houfe. Rainy weather. Thurfday 30. The long-boat and fkiff were fent up Charles River with emp-w.by n. ty cafks and the latter returned loaden with clay. The fhore- moderatc. J ' men were employed as yeflerday. A clear day. A wharf was begun. The baitikifTcame from Port Marnham for cafks, and was lent back with as many as fhe could flow. The people were employed on the wharf and houfes. At night the Otter came down from the Colleroon, with the batteau in tow, both loaden with boards and timber, and they brought half a black-bear, which was caught in the trap that I tailed for a deer. Jnd.y l, Saturday 2, Sunday 3. N ft. W. frejh. Monday 4. 8. W.fre/k. After unloading the Otter and batteau, we left off work. Clear day. Some of the people were employed on the buildings, and altering the Otter's fails; the reft finilhed the wharf. Clear day. The The rum was drawn off into fmall cafks, and flowed in the < ™^ * *774. new houfe. Part of the roof being now finifhed, we began to July. cover fome of it with pitched paper. 5* Weather the fame as yeflerday. s. moderate. In the morning I failed in the Otter for the Collcroon, with Wednef. 6. more nets, empty cafks, and other articles. At one o'clock we s- s.iv./rejh. anchored on the north fide of Bettres Ifland, where I met the head man, and landed the goods. The filhing has failed for the two lafl days. Clear, pleafant weather. Early in the morning the falmoniers came down with two TburfiUy punt loads of fine land. At ten o'clock we got under weigh, m h and foon after ran upon a fhoal, which lies half way between the two illands. On making a fignal to the falmoniers, a punt came to our affifiance, and carried out an anchor. I then fent her to Point Pleafant for water: at the fame time I landed on the fouth fhore, where I met a young hind coming up wind, and fired at her at the diftance of a hundred and feventy yards, but without doing any execution. I returned on board at two in the afternoon, when we floated off the fhoal, and made fail. I named this, Hayes Shoal; from John Hayes, the boatfmafler. At five o'clock we came to an anchor at Port Marnham, and found but few fifh going. I went up the Trent in my kyack, and obferved great errors in their method of fifh ing. At night we had fifty fifh. A clear hot day. Going with all hands up the river, I had the* pound taken Friday 8. up, and carried into the brook, above the fait water pond, s-/;/r^-where it was put down again. We killed ten fifh in a pool above, and obferved that many had paffed the nets. Eighty-five Saturday 9. Wivd S. w. hard gales. five fifh were taken to-day: they begin to come in a^ain. Foggy morning, and rained hard the refl of the day. We had a hundred and feventy fifh in the nets, and twenty-feven in the pound. In the afternoon, I took a fhort walk to the eaflward. In the evening, captain Scott arrived in Mr. Flooper's fhallowav: he had been out to fea. in queft of the Earl of Dartmouth, which was feen off the mcuih of the found yef-terday. Early in the morning I failed in the Otter, in company with Hooper's fhalloway, for Charles Harbour. I arrived Lhere at half pafl nine o'clock; when I landed the fatid, victualled the Otter, and fent her to Indian Tickle, to look otit fur the ihip. The people here were employed on the buildings. Monday 11. Six hands went up White-bear Sound to cut wood, but re-* A- w- turned at night without finding any fit for our purpofe. The men brought out the flaves and fluds from the iUier's winter houfe to the water fide. Sunday to. N. W. Tocf;!ay 12. S. £, frefh. Hooper's fhalloway having fprung her fore-mafl, when fhe was out with captain Scott, I fent the boat-builder to make her a new one. Six hands went up Charles River, to cut wood; and the refl of the people were at work on the houfes. We finifhed papering the fouth weft end of the dwclhng-houfe. One man began a new garden, near the houfe. At night a punt arrived from the lodge with the tools, and brought a report that few filh were going; fo that I am afraid the falmon fcafon is nearly over. A clear day. Wednef. 13. Moll of the people were employed in making doors, and in £. v. e. laying the floor in the fhoremen's houfe. At nine this morning frejfi. 9 u n J J the fhe fhip appeared in the oling, and we faw the OLter (landing out to her. Captain Scott went to meet her in the yawl, and F>'y Lafoyle in the long-boat. He returned in the afternoon and informed me that he faw the fhip to leeward of the harbour, and the Otter in company with her. We fuppofe fhe has bore away for Chateau, as it blows very hard. I fent the punt back with heading and flaves. Beitres came from Port Marnham for flaves. I killed a fea-pigeon with my rifle. Rainy, foggy weather. Captain Scott returned early in the morning, having loft fight Thurfday 14. of the fhip in the fog yeflerday. At eleven o'clock the thai- WlndN' W' loway appeared, followed by the ihip-, and at one the latter 5-came to an anchor in her birth, and moored there. She had been feventeen days from Quebec. The baithkiff went up White-bear Sound, to bring the boards and (laves from thence. s m(i »774-Atiguft. Saturday 20, Wind W. N. W. Weighing at day-light we worked up the bay, and anchored to flop tide oppofite to Atkiufon Illand. I then landed on the fouth fhore, and walked to Point Pleafant, where I killed a brace of fpruce-game with my rifle. The boat worked up, took me on board there, and foon after we ran upon a rock near Bet-tres Ifland. The mock flarted a timber, and flaved a plank in the dillroom: we floated off with the tide, and anchored on the north fide of the illand. A clear day. We weighed at day-light, and worked to Black Point, where Sunday 21. we anchored to flop tide, and two of the falmoniers came on JJJ£. board. We weighed again with the flood, and worked over the flats to the falmon-polt, where we laid the boat on fhore. IV. Having unloaded the fhalloway, wre took fome falmon on Monf1ny 22« board. I went to the Alexander to look at the trap, and fhot a racoon with my rifle. Four hands went up the river to cut fkiff-timber and fome Tucfday 23. flocks; aid I got m > t of the falmon on board, with the afliflance variable. of the reft of die crew. latle. We got on board the refl of the falmon, except one long-boat wvdner.24. load; alfo all the craft, together with fome fluff-timber and variable. flocks, and then the boat fell down the river. She grounded on the flats, and lay there till the evening's tide, when the got off and fell down to Black Point. At day-light I went down with all hands and failed home- iwd v2So wards; at night we anchored in Twelve-o'clock Harbour. We failed at day-light. At Duck Illands I left the Otter to proceed home, and went in a punt with four hands to Mary Harbour; Frday ?6. moderate. Harbour; from whence I fent two of the people by land, to Auguii. vifit the traps in Cutter Harbour, and took them in again there. From thence we went to Guy's Cove, where I landed and walked over Lyon Head to Skills Harbour, where the punt took me in. Finding the Otter on fhore at Split Point, I went on board and was informed that the misfortune had happened through the ltupidity of captain Dykes; who would run clofe to the Point, notwithflanding I told him as we were going, that it was very fhoal for fome diftance off fhore. Leaving her lying in a very ugly manner, I went home to Stage Cove. I killed in the courfe of this day, twenty-three curlews and a black-duck. The Otter got off and arrived in the night. This proved a very fine day. sway 27. i fhipped the falmon, amounting to fixty-eight tierces, on board the brig, which had already received during my abfence, ninety-feven from the Lodge; the produce of that fiihery. The Otter failed for Port Marnham in the evening. Our new houfe being now habitable, we took poffcffion of it to-day. It is feventy feet by twenty-five, and contains a kitchen twenty-four feet fquare, a dining-room twenty-four by iixteen, fix bed-rooms and a fmall palluge, being only a ground floor; which I preferred, for fear of fire. Tucfday 30, The Otter returned with the crew, fome craft, and one hundred tierces of falmon: the latter was lhipped on board the brig. Sep'ember. Saturday 3. The Otter failed under the command of captain Dykes, with a cooper's crew, coniilLing of two coopers, and two young men, for Alexis River, where they are to make hoops during the winter. From thence fhe is to proceed to Sandwich Bay with with Jofeph Friend, a youngfler, and an apprentice, where f^^^ they are to remain during the winter, to kill furs; and in the September, fpring, to prepare for a falmon-fifhery. In the morning the Succefs got under weigh; in doing which Sunday 4. fhe tailed on fhore on the eaflern point of the cove, but got off luv. in a fhort time, and failed for Chateau, to increafe her freight with codfifh from Noble and Pinfon. Captain Scott and I failed in the veflel; we arrived in Temple Bay at four o' clock in the evening, when I went on board the Nautilus Sloop of War, and continued with captain Parker during my flay at Chateau. Captain Scott remained on board our veffel, and went to market in her. Nothing material occurred till this day, when I failed at one WeJnef- *4« o'clock in the afternoon for Charles Harbour in the Sandwich tender, which captain Parker politely fent with me: we arrived at half after four, and had plenty of wind, with dull weather. In the morning, Mr. Parker (the captain's brother) went with Thurfday 15; me to vifit the traps: we found both the fmall ones flruck up, * and the others fo clogged with dirt, that they could not flrike up, although deer had been over three of them. I killed a groufe and a curlew with my rifle; and we got back at eight o'clock at night, not a little hungry. At day-licht the Sandwich failed for Newfoundland, Fnday,G' It rained all day. I went round the Caribous to look for a couple of flray gecfe, Saturday l1* and found the in in Raft Tickle. I brought them home, and killed a Llaek-duck, an eider-duck, two widgeons, and a grey plover. 5-thtU- An exceeding fine day, but rather too warm. vol. II. E Early Early in the morning I fent five hands to look at the traps, but there was nothing in them. A Nefcaupick family, a fkiff of Hooper s, and one of Coghlan's came here. Monday 19. ^oft of the people were drunk to-day. I purchafed fome furs horn the Indians. «774« September, Sunday 1s, WindN. £. Tuefday 20. All our vifitors went away. s' £' It rained all day. Wcdnef. 21. The long-boat went to Hooper's room to borrow fome dried S'W' fifh, and fhe brought one thoufand five hundred and forty, which we are to return next fummer. Trmrfday22. I went upon the hills a mooting, but faw nothing. I tailed s. s. w. a trap for an ottcr Dy Middle Pond; and William tailed another at the head of Crofs Pond. Friday 23. I ^ook a walk over the hills and killed four brace of groufe. w. moderate. a fine day, but there were hard fqualls from dark till midnight. Saturday 24. William looked at the traps, and brought a groufe. At four w. N. tv, tn«s afternoon tue Otter returned, having landed the people according to orders, and taken polfeflion of the rivers in Sandwich Bay. It fnowed, with frofl, before day-light; but the weather proved fine afterwards. Sunday 2S. We began to melt the feals' fat. A fine day. m w. Monday 26. Some hands were employed in landing the fait out of the w> fhip, while the refl of the people were engaged about the oil and the buildings* Delightful weather. We We finifhed landing the fait, and fome hands were employed i—A—\ about the oil. We launched a new fealing-fkiff which was Scpiembw. built here. Tweegock (my Indian flave girl) ran away. mJ$' Fine weather. » - I fent two men to Niger Sound after the girl, and her mother Wcdnef. 28, and aunt went to the Lodge on the fame errand. In the after- w' noon fhe returned of herfelf; having gone off in a pet, and concealed herfelf among the bufhes on the hill. The people were employed as before. Fine weather. The people at work on the fealer's houfe, and on one for Thm-rday 29; Bettres. p sw-Foggy, with rain all day. frejk It rained hard all day, which flopped all out-doors work, Friaay 3°» N.W. hard. In the morning I fent two hands to look at the traps by At- slnfrday^. kinfon Pond; one of the fmall ones was carried away by a N- moderate. bear: they killed a pair of ladies and an auntfary. At one o'clock this afternoon, I married William Bettres to Catharine Gourd (one of the maid-fervants whom we brought from Plymouth; the other returned with captain Scott.) The remainder of the day was fpent by all the fervants in great feflivity. Dark weather. I was fettling the people's accounts and writing letters. Sunday % s. I employed myfelf as yeflerday, and prepared for the de- Monday 3. parture of the fhip. E. At eleven o'clock the Earl of Dartmouth failed for St. John's Tnefday 4. and England, and took our difcharged fervants. At the fame N.W. frejk* time the hounds gave chace to the Quebec flieep, and drove E 2 two *774-Ottobcr. two of them into the wTater, one of which was drowned other we got again, but it died immediately. the WeAlvl'/' * wcnt m a to Wolf Cove, afterwards walked to Guy's N.Njv.frjk. Cove, and returned in the evening, with a pair of black-ducks. Thurfday 6. Friday 7, N.frrjk. Saturday 8. fquatly. Sunday 9, A planters fhallop came here from Chateau; we engaged the mailer and three of his men to ferve us the winter, for their provifions, bufkins, and cuffs. In the evening I fent him to Chateau with a letter to Mr. Pinfon. I fervcd out provifions for the winter, to the fealing, and boat-builder's crew. Some fhowers of rain in fqualls. At nine this morning I failed in the Otter for St. Lewis's Bay, to carry the boat-builder and his crew to their winter quarters. I called on fome hands, whom we had fent up a few days ago, to cut firewood, and found that they had got a large pile ready. At night we anchored a little below Atkinfon Illand. I. killed an eider-duck. Being obliged to wait for the flood, I went in the punt to Gaze Point, where I found one of our large traps tailed; a deer had been over it, but it would not flrike up, through the carelelfncfs of the man who tailed it. We weighed at low water, and at two in the afternoon arrived at the houfe in which John Bafkem formerly lived, and I fixed the crew there: we landed the provifions and other things before night. I killed a feal with lhot, but he funk jufl as one of the people laid his hand upon him. Monday 10. N.W.Jlrong. N. N W. AH hands were employed in loading the fhalloway with flocks and firewood. I killed a groufe with my riile. It froze hard in the night. In In the morning I went in the punt to the falmon .poll for kil- t——\ licks, and to Juniper Point for fome hay, which was cut OBober. there; but found it rotten. The red of the people were load- j^nd^.w* ing the boat as yeflerday. I killed a fpruce-game with my moderate. rifle, and two water-fowls with my fhot gun. A warm, pleafant day. Having filled up the boat with whitings, pryor-poles and Yl&lww killick-rods, at high water we failed home, where we arrived a A, R quarter pall ten at night, having had very dirty weather. pong. In the morning the planter's fhallop arrived with a load of Thurfday 13, firewood out of St. Lewis's Bay, for which place fhe fa.led lall N- h^d. Tuelday: we unloaded both boats, and in the evening the fhallop failed for Chateau, and the fhalloway went for more wood, but not being able to work out of the harbour, fhe came to an anchor again. At day-light the Otter failed for the wooders, and returned vt^y 14* with a load at ten at night. The carpenter, two coopers, and ';s7 two fealcrs were at work on houfes for the live-itock. Wc unloaded the Otter, and at night fhe weighed, in order Saturday 15. to return for more wood, but got aground; we warped her off, and then I ordered her to wait for day-light. J*i* In the morning the Otter got under weigh again, but not Sunday 16. being fufHciently ballailed, was obliged to come to again at the £/^v-/r'A head of the harbour. Mr. Scott and the furgeon went up to the lodge in a ikiif, and returned at night. The Otter failed this morning for St. Lewis's Bay. The reft of the people were employed about the live-flock houfes, and on Monday 17, M IV. N. E, »774- October. Wind S. E. E. moderate. Tucfday i 8. S. W. vwderate. on a porch before our door. In the afternoon a fluff came down with one of the wooders, who had cut his foot with a hatchet, and fhe returned at night. I fent one of the youngflers to Crofs Pond for the ottcrtrap, but he did not return. The fhallop returned from Chateau at eight at night. The fhallop went up St. Lewis's Bay for wood. The people here were employed as yeflerday. The man whom I fent yef-terday for the trap, found his way back at noon; he had lofl himfelf, although the diftance is not more than two miles, and no wood fo high as his head all the way. I gave him a fevere beating, to caufe him to take more care in future than run the rifk of lofing his life through flupidity and careleffnefs. At the fame time I inft.ru.6led him in unerring rules how to find his way home, fhould he ever be bewildered hereafter. The Otter returned at midnight. A fine day. Having unloaded the Otter in the morning, I fent her back in the afternoon. At noon the fhallop returned, and we unloaded her alfo. The coopers were employed in building a fhop for themfelvcs. The fealers were employed about their own bufinefs, and the coopers as yeflerday. In the morning I took William with me and walked round Curlew Hill; where I killed three groufe, and he, one. In the afternoon a boat of Hooper's came here, and brought us letters and a fhe goat from Twillingate. Friday at. In the afternoon we fent a hkiff to Seal Ifland, with letters s'w' to be forwarded to Chateau, and from thence to England. The fealers put out a fhoal-net at the head of White-Bear Sound. Wcdnef. 19. N. IV. S. W. Thurfday 20. JV. N. W. In In the morning the otter returned with a load of wood, and I fent her back as foon as it was delivered. After dinner Mr. OaoW. . Saturday 22, Scott, Pdkethly, and I rowed round White-Bear Sound. I tail- wmdiv. ed a trap for an otter and hauled the net, which had a fmall white filh in it. A fkiff came up from Seal Ifland, and returned in the even- Smia7 **• ing. A ftormy day with fome fnow. ^^/T^4' The fealers hauled the net in the found, and put out another Tlief:1,v in Raft Tickle. Mr. Scott and the furgeon went a mooting, %£L ■ ' and killed a groufe. We houfcd all the poultry and fwine. 5- s- At e?e:ht this morning the Otter returned with a load of wood Wednef. 26. and all the wooders. jv. uuu. Dull weather, with fome rain and fnow. We unloaded the Otter. I was very bad of the rheumatifm Thurfday 27. all lafl night and this day, I am much afflicted with it, but 8*£ mofl in my hip. We faw a fhallop pafs by, going to the northward. Friday 28. fv. Some provifions were put on board the fhallop for the Lodge, Saturday 29. as I intend to fend part of the fealing crew there, after the fea- 5, gjuri. fon is over. It rained mofl of the day. We put the refl of the provifions into the fhallop, and fent Sul,day3°* her to the lodge. It ftiQwed in the night. A fkiff 1774-October. Monday Off. Wind N. Wi November, Tuelday 1, N. W. E. S; Wedncf. 2. W. N.IV, Thurfday 3. Friday 4. W. Saturday 5. Sunday 6. N. N. W. A fkiff came from Seal Ifland, with a wounded man to our furgeon. Mr. Scott and I took a walk upon the hills with our guns, and killed a groufe each. The fealers took up the net which was in the found. The coopers brought the fpare flaves from the winter houfe. At night the fhallop returned. Sharp frofl. The fealers removed the net which was in Raft Tickle, trimmed a fkiff, and did other neceffary work. We thwarted up the batteau for the winter, and laid the fhallop on more. A fine frofly day. The fealer's trimmed a large punt, and laid up all the flats and fmall boats for the winter; they alfo cut fome killick-claws at the head of the found. Froze all day. Four hands brought the traps from Atkinfon Pond, hauled up the flat which is there, cut fome killick-claws, and pulled rods. The carpenter and four hands carried the fealing-cap-flans to the head of the found. Frofly weather. The carpenter and two hands were fixing the capflans at the head of the found to-day. In the afternoon the boat-bu.l 1 r brought down a new fcaling-fkiff. At night fome of the p< ople went to Seal Ifland and carried Noble and Pinfon's man home. An exceeding fine day. Early in the morning a fkiff of Coghlan's called here, from Spear Harbour. In the afternoon the Otter failed for St. Lewis's is's Bay for more firewood, and eight hands went to Seal Ifland <-*-* to help the crew there, to thwart their fhallop up. The carpen- November, ter and two hands fixing the capflans. The workmen dill engaged in the fame bufinefs. In the af- Monday 7, tcrnoon the boat-builder and his people fet out homewards, Wmd * We faw the Otter out at fea; but what bufinefs fhe had there we could not imagine. The carpenter having fixed the capflans at the head of the Tuefday8, found, to day, was afterwards cutting planks into vat-lengths. N" The fealers were employed 'till the evening about their craft, and then thwarted up the planter's fhallop. This morning, the Otter came in from fea, and ran up St. Wedncf.9, Lewis's Bay. We fuppofe, fhe had been driven out by the '5 * winds, and the bad management of the boatfmafter. I went with the fealers, and put out two nets under Lyon Thurfday 10. Head. They afterwards put out four more under the fouth W*. fhore of White-Bear Sound. A boat from Seal Ifland came here, and flayed all night. The morning was clear and fine, but afterwards it rained very hard. The fealers put out thirteen nets. ***w* A remarkable fine day for the time of the year. w. n. w. I walked round Curlew Hill this morning, but faw nothing. Saturday 12. The carpenter and four hands were fixing capflans to heave the s- j w-Otter up with. In the evening, the fealers hauled fome of their nets under the fouth fhore but had nothing in them. At eight o'clock this evening, the Indian houfe took fire, and in a Vol. II. F fliort i—A-> fhort time the whole roof* was confumed; but by the afliflance November, of all hands, the flames were extinguifhed. Sharp frofl all night. Sunday 13. j^e carpenter and fome affillants were repairing the Indian houfe. The fealers brought one net on Store, and cut it from the rope, it being twilled. At noon I went in a fkiff and hauled the nets under the Lyon Head, and had a lazarus in one of them. From thence we rowed round Eyre Ifland, and killed three pigeons and a lady. Fine, pleafant dayr. Monday^. The carpenter finifhed the Indian houfe and the capflans. s. s. w. jne reajers hauied their nets, and prepared fome more of their craft. Pleafant weather. Tuefday 15. I fent a fkiff out a fifhing, but they caught nothing. A fluff S. S. e. s. little. came up from Seal Ifland and returned at night. Wednef. 16. I fet my thermometer out to-day for the winter. The fealers mf^I-m fitting their craft. Jv. e. jrtjh. 0 Dark weather with fmall fnow. Ther. 8h 270—8h 230 Tburfday 17. The fealers fitting their craft, s. 5. e. Hard gales, with foggy, moifl weather. Ther. 8h 25 °—8!l 28* May t8. The fealers put out nineteen nets, and hauled thofe which s,e.little. were out Defore. DUt they found nothing in them. Thick, wet fog all day. Ther, 8!l 280—8h 280 Saturday 19. No boats out to-day. s.e.toS.w. Hard gales, with fnow in the morning, rain at noon, and fair at night, Ther. 8h 250—8h 270 At 1774. November. Sunday 20, Wind. s. w. to N. W. moderate* At one this afternoon the Otter appeared in the found; and I fent John Hayes with a boat's crew to aflifl her up; having worked till dark, they bore up for Seal Ifland. The boat I fent, together with that which accompanied her, returned in the evening with all the hands except four. From them we learned that fhe worked fo badly, and made fo much leeway, that fhe was driven out. to fea on the fevcnth inflant, as far as Belle Ifle; and that fhe reached into the mouth of Niger Sound that evening, where fhe got on fhore upon Round Ifland; but received fo much damage as to prove very leaky. Cloudy weather. Ther. 8h 24 °—8h 110 Early in the morning the fealers hauled their nets in White Bear Sound, but found nothing in them. John Hayes returned and informed us that the Otter would not work to windward, and that he had left her moored in Seal Tickle. I faw twenty geefe to-day, which is near a month later than ufual. A clear day. Ther. $h 6° below o—8h 20 At three o' clock this morning I fent two fkiffs to Seal Ifland, to bring up the Otter; they returned at nine with a report that there was too much wind below to move her. At fun-fet we fent four * fkiffs, and they returned with the veffel at fix o'clock. The people were employed the refl of the day in putting out eight more nets, bringing one on fhore to clean it, and in roping new ones. A clear day, with iharp frofl. Ther. 8h 20-—8'1 4° At day-light all hands unloaded the Otter, and afterwards Wedncf. 23. unrigged her, took out her mails, and hauled her off. We hauled fome nets, brought two on fhore, being twilled, and F 2 had * A fluffs crew is four men. Monday 2i0 N, W. moderate. N, N. W, Tuefday 22, W. N. W. Jrejk. N. W. moderate, calm* __a. l774 had a couple of bedlamcrs. The cove is now frozen up. Nov*&*. Ther. 8h 6°—8h y Thurfday 24, We put out one fhoal-net and hauled fome of thofe which a.//#. are on tn.e north fide of the found, but had nothing in them. At noon we laid the Otter on fhore, ready for heaving up. The cove, and alfo the head of the found, are full of lolly. I killed three ducks. Cloudy weather. Ther. 8h 130—8h 20 0 Friday *j. The fealers put out feven fhoal-nets, and four Hoppers, and * they hauled mofl of thofe which were out before, but had nothing in them. We pulled down part of the wharf. The cove and head of the found remain as yeflerday. Cloudy, with a little fnow. Ther. 8h 170—8h 190 Saturday 26. WTc put out eight more fhoal-nets, and took one up, in which caim was a bcdlamer. I went with the carpenter to the head of the found, where we repaired and altered two of the capflans, and 5. Eifrtjk. puJ. Qut a foxtrap# J killed a raven with my rifle at above one hundred yards diflance. The cove and found clear of lolly. Cloudy weather. Ther. 8h 150— 8h 240 Sunday 27. A fkiff came up from Seal Ifland; they have no feals yet Si E' Hard gales, with fog and rain. Ther. 8h 28°—8h 290 Monday -8. -p^e fealers put out three floppers and two fhoal-nets; they WAmU' brought one fhoal-nct on fhore, and had five feals. The weather being fo remarkably mild, caufes the feals to keep back. Fog and rain the fore part of the day; the latter, cloudy. Ther.'8h 26 °—8h 21° Tuefday 29. j went 'm a fl^rr t0 Caribou Harbour, faw a fox on Great W. moderate. ~ Caribou, Wind S. W, little. THE THIRD VOYAGE. 37 Caribou, and killed a duck. A fkiff-load of wood was brought OUt Of tlie found. November. Clear weather. Ther. 8h 120— 8h to° Two fhoals of feals were feen to-day for the firft time. We Wednef, 30, put out two more fhoal-nets, and removed thofe which were under Lyon Head, to the fouth point of White-Bear Sound. We have now all our nets out, amounting to feven Hoppers, and fixty-two fhoal-nets. A fkiff came here to-day from Hooper's pod; they informed us that their crew confifls of nine hands; they have thirty-two nets, yet had killed but two feals the twenty-fourth inflant. Foggy and cloudy all day. Ther. 8h 25 °— 8h 320 December,, Had buoys put on the two long Hoppers, and fent a fkiff out Thurfday u a fifhing, but no cod was to be met with. Two fkiff-loads of calm' wood were brought home. I went to one of the Duck Illands & in St. Lewis's Bay, and killed three ducks and a bull. Ther. 8h 320—8h 370 A quantity of mofs was gathered to chinfe the houfes with. F«*7w Frefh gales. Ther. 8h 28—8h 250 5. s. w. w. Wc had two rangers, and ?ot home a fkiff load of wood. ^r^3' ° ' O W.frejh. Ther. 8h 150—8h 170 Not being able to heave the Otter up, we got her afloat this Sunday 4. morning, and towed her to Shallop Cove. After breakfaft I j5 ^ went with feveral men, and dogs, to look for a fox on Duck Ifland, but could not find one. A fkiff came up from Seal Ifland. The crew there had a harp this morning. Clear morning, cloudy afterwards. Ther. 8h 140—8h 240 AU 4—*—> All hands were employed in thwarting up the Otter; that December, done, we fcutted and blocked her up for the winter. lJftSW: Cloudy day. Ther. 8h t50— 8h 150 hard. Tuefday 6, Wc had a bedlamcr> A fkiff from Seal Ifland came here moderate, to-day. They had another harp this morning. Clear day. Ther. 8h 40—8h 50 Wedncf. 7. A fkiff-load of firewood was brought out of the found, iyr." Hard gales, and cloudy weather. Ther. 8h 20—8h io° Thurfday 8. We got home two fkiff-loads of firing. w\!hf* Hard gales, and clear. Ther. 8h i°—8h io° N. IV. Friday 9. We took up a flroal-net from the head of the found; that n. w.terd. pjace Deing now almofl frozen up. Twelve hands were cutting firewood. Clear weather. Ther. 8'1 o°—8h io° Saturday 10. Four fluff-loads of wood were brought home. We had the firft harp to-day. Two black-whales appeared in the harbour. The head of the found and the cove are full of lolly. On-1 of the fmall ftoppers was carried away by the ice, and we brought it on fhore. Clear weather, fmart frofl. Ther. 8h 50 below o.—8h 70 We had another harp. Sunday It* r 1 • i in 1 -i « s, e. The fore part of this day was dull, and the latter, foggy with s. hard. rain> Xner. 8K 180—8'1 220 A fquarephripper was caught in a net to-,day, but got away l' as one of the people was clearing him out. Four groufe came before the door, two of which were killed. W'kaJ' Clear day. Ther. 8h 290—3h f We N. W. moderate. We had a bedlamcr. After breakfaft I went out in a fluff with fome traps, and put one on Little Caribou, one on Duck Ifland, and eighteen on Great Caribou, but did not tail them. In our way home we called at Seal Ifland, where the crew had killed ten feals. Lolly beginning to make. Clear day. Ther. 8h 50 below o—3h 70 below o. 1774. December. Tuefday 13. W. S. W. moderate. calm. W. little. This morning our whole poft was frozen over, occafloned by Wedncf-laft night's calm, and a fmart fro ft. We removed eleven nets out of the harbour, into the tickle, and to the lower part of the found on the fouth fide. At night moft of the ice was driven out, and we had a bedlamcr. Three feals were feen to day. I went to Middle Pond where I floated a Lttle, and fhot a brace of groufe. Ther. 3h 150 below o—3h 30 below o. The north fhore of the found, from the Indian houfe down- Thur% 15: ward, is choaked up with lolly. We had one harp, and I fhot IVS*PF-a wdiite gull, with a fcarlet beak and legs, which is the firft I have feen of the kind. Rained hard. Ther. 8h 140- 19° Friday 16. S. s. iv. IV. N. W. hard. We had a ranger to-day. A boat of Hooper's came up with one of his men to our furgeon; the man had loft his left thumb, and had his hand much mattered by the burfting of a gun, as he was fhooting at fome ducks this morning. One of our people killed feven ducks. Ther. 8h 25°—$ 220 Moft of the nets were hauled, but wc got nothing. I fent Saturday 17. Jack to cut a hole through the ice in Middle Pond, and to angle for trout; he caught a brace. Dark weather. Ther. 8h 180—-s!l 50 below o. As ■774-Dec ember. Sunday j 8. Wind N. W. N. moderate. Monday 19. w. s. w. Ar. W. little. As the lower part only of the harbour is open, I do-not expect any feals coming near us till our whole poll is entirely frozen up. Wc had a bedlamer to-day, and took upfour fhoal-nets which were in the harbour; and four traps were tailed for foxes on the fou th fhore of the found. I went to Crofs Pond and faw the tracks of fome foxes on the brook, and tailed a trap by the lower pond. Clear. Ther. 8h 50 below o—8h 11° below o. This morning the whole harbour was frozen; and both Charles and White-Bear Sound were covered with lolly. There is no probability now of killing any quantity of feals. We had one bedlamer. One of the people and Jack looked at the trap which I tailed yeflerday, and tailed another. We took up the Hoppers, and one of the fhoal-nets which were in the found, and another out of the tickle; and removed four fhoal-nets to the fouth well point of Little Caribou. Clear day, hazy at night. Ther. 8h 21° below o.—8s 130 below o. Tuefday 2o. S. E, hard. S. Jlormy, Wednef. 21. w s. w. Jlrong. In the morning the tickle was full of lolly, which drove up W7hite-Bear Sound till it was half full. On the fhifting of the wind, it drove over to the north fhore and fome of it out withal. The ice in the harbour parted acrofs the cove, and along fhore upwards; at night it was driven two hundred yards off, and carried away a keg which was upon the flopper. It blew fohard that no boat could go out; and half the roof of the carpenters' fliop was blown off. Small fnow all day. Ther. 8'1 13°—8h 18° Early this morning the fealers brought the remaining four fhoal-nets on fhore, which were in the harbour, as we had entirely given over all hopes of feals; but at eleven o'clock they appeared appeared in large fhoals. All hands were immediately employed about the nets: we put out eight fhoal-nets, and one Hopper. Molt of thofe which were out were either afloat, driven, or full of weeds; we boated feveral of them, and brought fome on fhore to clean. My nofe was froll-burnt; and at night, by fome accident or other, my thermometer was broken. A dull day. Ther. 8h 8° below o—8h y° below o. All the water was covered with lolly this morning, as far as we could fee, with fome few feals appearing among it; but they were gone by night. Moft of the nets were either afloat or driven: we had twenty-five feals, and brought feven nets on fhore. At night the found was frozen. We got feventeen nets on fhore, and had ten feals in them. The carpenter began to lay the dining-room floor. In the evening I was feized with a moft violent fit of the fciatica, and much afflicled from my loins downward. Clear weather. 1774. December. Thurfday 22 ( Wind W. little* Friday 23* W. N. W% little* We brought four nets and one feal on fhore. Four men came down on foot from St. Lewis's Bay. The carpenter finifhed the floor. I was inexpreflibly bad all laft night and this day. At night all hands were drunk and fighting, according to annual cuflom. A clear day. I was fomewhat better to-day. A dull day, and it fnowed at night. Saturday 24, calm* Sunday 25, ealnr, £, bittle. The people fpent the greatefl part of this day in fhooting at Monday 26. a mark, for a filver tobacco-pipe of mine; they were to fire E'lmk* Vol. II. G fifty i-A-1 fifty fhots for a (hilling each, with a iingle ball, at the diftance December, of a hundred yards; out of thirty-three fhots which were fired to-day, only one ball was put into the target; therefore but little venifon can be expected from fuch bad markfmen. Tuefday 27. Wind N.N. E. Wednef. 28. iV. W. little. Hard gales and continual fnow, which prevented any work. The tickle and found being clear, wc got feventeen fhoal-nets and one Hopper on fhore, and had feven feals in them; feveral of our nets were carried away by the ice, but we do not yet know how many. Hard froft. Thurfday 29, calm. Friday 30. S. E. Saturday 31, s. s. w. January. Sunday t, S. W. The tickle and found are full of lolly. The nets which were on fhore were put upon (hears; afterwards, the people finifhed fhooting for the pipe, which was won by the carpenter: two balls only were put into the target. I fent two hands round the traps; they took up the fix which were on the fouth fide of the found and carried them to the head of it, in order to tail them acrofs the peninfula to Niger Sound. One of our men fcalded both his feet very much. A great run of foxes. Hard froft, and clear weather. Hard gales, with much fnow, and fine weather. The tickle and both founds are clear of ice. Strong gales, fliarp froft, and clear weather. We sot eight fhoal-nets on fhore to-day, and had four foals in them. One man vifited the traps. A brace of foxes crofted the harbour. A man of Hooper's came up to fee their wounded man, and informed us that they had killed only one hundred and forty feals 5 and that their nets were much damaged by the gales of wind, and the ice. We »775' Jaimaiy. Morday 2. Wind W fitjh. Tuefday 3. N. W. modi 1ate. We got a fkifF-load of wood from the head of the found, and brought away the flopper-nets from thence. A clear, frofly day. I fent two fkiffs to Great Caribou; one to be left there, the other to bring the people back, and fetch the traps from thence; they returned with fifteen. A fkiff of Hooper's, and one of Noble and Pinfon's came here, from the crews we learned that Noble and Pinfon's people had killed one hundred and feventy feals; and that all their nets were in a mattered condition. We cut one net out of the ice to-day. Clear, frofly day. The people carried fome of their things up to the Lodge, and Wdnef.* a few of them remained there. Some traps were put out on N' ' * Little Caribou. A dull day. E. tittle, The refl of the people, who are to remain at the Lodge for the Thurfday 5. winter, went there to-day. I appointed two men to look after the traps, whom I fhall henceforth diftinguifh by the name of furriers: they vifited thofe to the weflward, but had nothing. A dull day, and a fevere frofl all night. This morning the whole found and tickle were quite firm, Friday 6. and my fciatica, which had been extremely bad for fome time N*. our carpenter, and found it anfwer very well. One man from winiW.N Ei ^ea^ ^^an(^ and two from the Lodge came here to-day, and all jrrjh. returned at night. Severe froft, and a clear day. Monday 9. Mr Scott and I took a walk to Guy's Cove. We faw the KJrffa track of a wolf there, and a deal of frefh tracking of foxes every where. The furriers brought home a yellow fox, alive; we turned him upon the ice, and killed him with the greyhound. Charles Sound quite firm to-day. " A clear day, with fevere froft. Tuefday 10. I took a walk up Curlew Hill, with Mr. Scott, where wc x.w.iittu. found a pack of groufe, but killed none. Wcdncf. o. This morning a flag came off from Little Caribou and went K up the harbour; we flipped the greyhound at him, which ran him to Lyon Head and there flopped, not being able to come up with him, for he had near a mile law at flarting; the deer turned into Wolf Cove, and a man who came down from the fr$» Lodge, informed us he was gone upon the South Barrens. I went to Middle Pond, and Mr. Scott, upon the hills to the fouth-ward of it, in hopes of intercepting him, but we faw him no more. We had four traps tailed in Wolf Cove, and infpected thofe on Little Caribou. Foggy till the evening, then fnowed, Thurfday 12, I walked among the bulhes by the Indian houfe, to look for v. frrjh. a rabbit which frequents that place but could not And it. The fnow was very deep and foft, which fatigued me gready. One of our goats kidded this evening. Cloudy weather. Hard E. Hard gales, with fmall fnow, hail, and rain. Friday 13. After breakfaft I went to Eyre Illand. The furriers went Saturday »*• round their traps, and one of them met with great plenty of n. w. ducks in Ragged Bay, where he killed fix, but got only one mderakm of them. John Hayes came down from the Lodge, and brought two martens. A clear day, with finart froft. At night it froze much harder than at any time this winter. The roof of our houfe kept continually cracking, as loud as the report of a fmall piftol; which is always the cafe with boarded roofs when the froft is fevere at night, and the fires are out. Four hands went to Seal Ifland with a fled, and brought up St,n' ■** n. n. w* twelve feals' carcafes. Hayes returned this morning, and John Ryan with him; the latter came back from Seal Illand, to which place he went yeflerday without leave. The furriers brought home one trap from Great Caribou. A clear, fevere, frofly day. The furriers went round their traps, and brought home a Monday 16. groufe. w\ Dull, mild weather, with fmall fnow. n. Macray came from the Lodge to make a complaint againft Tuefday 17. John Hayes the head-man, which I found to be frivolous; and w'IreJ}u accordingly I fent him back. I went to Wolf Cove and Atkin-fon Brook. The head-man of Seal Ifland came here; he returned from Chateau yeflerday, and informed us that all the fealing-crews along the coafl had loft great numbers of nets, and killed but very few feals. The furriers had a yellow fox. Strong gales with fmall fnow, which kept us all at home. Wedn< r. t$, 5. I went to Eyre Ifland but faw nothing. Xhw% .0. Clear, fliarp weather. & /■■ es. From the top of Portland ifland 1 difcovered five deer upon the the ice in Caribou Harbour. Taking them for wolves, as they were at a great diftance, and fearing they would attack one of the furriers who was gone upon Great Caribou, I made hafte to meet him. On his informing me what they were, I left him, with the greyhound upon their Hot, and went after them to the eaft end of the ifland; from whence I found they had turned acrofs Ragged Bay to the fouthward, but evening approaching, I gave them up. The fnow being wet, and bad to walk upon, I was fo completely tired with my day's work, that at laft I was obliged to reft every fifty yards; and had but juft ftrength enough to reach the houfe, two hours after dark. One of our fealers went off with Coghlan's men on a vifit to Spear Harbour. Dull, foft weather. About ten o'clock this morning five deer came down the harbour from Enterprife Tickle; Pitkethley and I went after them, but running out upon the ice, he caufed them to turn back. One of Noble and Pinfon's men brought us three groufe and a pair of ducks. Dull, frofly weather, with fmall fnow. Two men of Slade's from Bad Bay, and one of Hooper's, came here. Small fnow in the morning, afterwards it blew hard with much drift. The furriers cleared their traps. The Poole men went away. Noble and Pinfon's head-man called here, and acquainted me that Coghlan's crews had not killed above feventy feals each; yet they pretended they had killed four hundred. This morning wc had the mortification to find our fow dead; flic was feized with a premature labour. Cloudy, fharp frofl, with drift. I went _.a.__, 1775* prmary. 1 ucfday 3 1. Wind N. W. e. moderate. February. Wednef. l, N.frejh. Thurfday 2, W. little. Friday 3. Ar. frejh. hard' Saturday 4. n. n. e. frejh. hard gales. I went over Little Caribou, fhifted fome of the traps, and faw the tracks of two wolves. A man belonging to captain Darby came here to-day; and informed me that one of his mailer's crews had killed feven hundred feals; the other two, thirty each; and all had fullered greatly in their craft. A clear day, with fevere frofl. The furriers looked at fome of their traps, and tailed a large one on Little Caribou for a wolf. Darby's man going away, I fent a letter by him to his mailer. Dull morning, fnow at noon, clear at night. Lafl night and to-day a very great fweli tumbled in from fea, and broke up the whole of White-Bear Sound, Charles Harbour Tickles, and St. Lewis's Bay, farther than we could fee from the top of Eyre Ifland; alfo, all without Little Caribou. I fent the furriers to tail a firing of traps acrofs Eyre Ifland, and they afterwards vifited thofe on Little Caribou. I went there likewife, and fhifted fome of the traps. We got a fkiff-load of wood from the head of the found. Clear and very mild. One of the furriers went to Salt Cove with a large trap, the other vifited thofe on Eyre Ifland, and I walked round the middle ones on Little Caribou. There was a great run of foxes, but they would not touch the baits. A dull day, with fnow in the evening. The ice is broken up for a confiderable way within Raft Tickle, and alfo two hundred yards above Otter Ifland; but a bridge remains to it from the north wefl end of the latter. The furriers put out two more traps on Eyre Ifland, and vifited fome of the refl. The planter came down from the Lodge. Dark Dark weather with thaw all day; and it drifted hard, with fharp troll all night. Enterprife Tickle is broken up to Skiffs Harbour. A deal of drift ice drove through between the Caribous. Snow, drift, and fharp frolt. A fter breakfafl I walked to the top of Cape Dumpling, from whence I faw one of our nets in the Tickle, and had it taken up: wc found five feals in it, one of which was intirely eaten by the lice, but the others were frefh flruck in; and two of them were lazarufes. We crept for one of the others, but could not find it. The furriers went round their traps, and one of them faw a white-bear on Great Caribou. John Hayes came down from the Lodge, and the planter returned thither. Sunday 5, Wind N. hard. Monday 6, if. W. moderate-* Going in a punt with the furriers to Seal Ifland, I brought Tuefday 7, nine carcafles from thence, and we tried to filh, but could not 5 ^tLa. catch any. Taking four hands with me, I went in a fkiff to Charles Ifland; w«dnef. 8. where we met with many ducks and killed three: we alfo faw fome lazarufes and fea pigeons, and tried for fifh,but could catch none. On our return we met with fuch a prodigious quantity of congeal d fnow driving out of the bay, that it was with the utmoll difficulty we could regain the fhore: and upon coming to the mouth of Indian Tickle, we found it fo thick, that, had it not been for the afliflance of Hooper's people, who live on the ifland, we could not have got through. We returned home at dark, and found our man come back from Spear Harbour: he informed us, that St. Lewis's Bay was broken up as far as Pigeon Illands. Much fnow till noon, but clear afterwards. Vol. II. H The Uttlt. 1775* February. Thurfday 9. Wind S. s. W. JV. frefh, hard. Friday 10. N. W. Saturday 11. E. moderate. Sunday 12. S. moderate. Monday 13. N. W. N. E. S. W. tittle. The furriers looked at fome traps. White-Bear Sound was full of lolly all the forenoon, but it cleared with the Ihifting of the wind. Snow and drift all day. The furriers went round their traps and one of them brought a fox's foot from Wolf Cove, He removed the large traps, and baited them for foxes. White-Bear Sound, and Charles Harbour are frozen over with thin ice. Clear, fharp, frofly weather with drift. I fent two hands to the Lodge, and another along with Jack a mooting upon Lyon Head. I went upon Curlew Hill, from whence I faw a deer crofs Wolf Cove and go upon Lyon Head, but could not follow it for want of rackets; I therefore came home, and fent the furriers, who returned at night with a groufe, but did not fee the deer: the other two men killed three groufe. Four hands came down from the Lodge, and one from Hooper s. A clear frofly day. The people returned to the Lodge. The lower part of Charles Sound is flill clear, the refl frozen faff. A cloudy day. I went with one of the furriers to Little Caribou, where we frefh tailed the traps, and rubbed them with cod-blubber. We had a white fox, and killed a groufe. The other furrier walked round his traps on Eyre Ifland, and carried out two more; from thence he went to Lyon Head, where he killed three groufe, and faw plenty of fox trackings. Dull, with fnow all the morning, and clear afterwards. Tuefday 14, It blew and drifted very hard all day. N. The The furriers went round their traps. Noble and Pinfon's head-man and another perfon called here in their way to Mary February. Harbour, a deer mooting; and I fent one of our people along '5" with them. The new ice bore to day. w- SfeJ*' Some drift, fevere froft, and a clear Iky. The furriers went round their traps. Thurfday x6. A dull morning, with fnow and drift afterwards. N./reji, One of the furriers went round his traps. Irlday *7 A drifting morning, with very fevere froft, and a clear fky all day. W.frejk. mederatei Saturday 18, IV. moderate. I took the Indian boy with me and went round Lyon Head, where I killed a ptarmigan, and faw a filver fox. The furriers went round their traps. Two of Noble and Co.'s people came here. Severe froft, and a clear fky. The deer hunters returned without fuccefs. Another o Sunday 19. Noble and Co.'s people and one of the furriers went ofT for Drifty Mountains. The other furrier went upon Curlew Hill yrej^ and killed eleven groufe. Two hands came from the Lodge. Severe froft and clear weather all day; it drifted in the evening. The people went back to the Lodge. The furrier returned Monday **, with three ducks. A cloudy day, and milder than of late. One of the furriers went to Great Caribou, where he faw a Tuefday tu >f foxes, and the frefh Hot of fome deer. I went to w-modtraU' . :d found fix of the traps robbed. rather, with a gentle thaw. H 2 The • 1775- February. Wednef. *9, Wind S. W. Thurfday 22. N. hard. The man who came from the lodge yeflerday returned, and two others came clown. Sharp fi oil with drift all day. The two men returned to the lodge. I fent one of the fur- H**tef. !8« riers for the trap on Round Illand, the other to Eyre Illand, Km w-and I walked round Little Caribou. Some drift, and fevere frofl. The furrier returned, and brought nothing but the trap. Tuefday 14. It drifted hard all day, except for a Ihort time at noon. s-w-hard- One of the furriers went to the head of the harbour, and Wednrf. 15. variable, moderate. tailed the large traps for deer. The other vifited his traps on Eyre Ifland and Lyon Head. Jack and I took a long walk to the we ft ward, but faw nothing. Three of Coghlans people came here from Alexis River. A cloudy day, with free thaw and a fliower of rain, which is the hi il this year. The furriers went round their traps, and had a raven. Thurfday tcr. Cloudy, with hail and filver thaw; afterwards it thawed freely. S' Wk Seven hands came from the lodge, and brought a new fal- ^f,%17« - ° variable. mon-net, which they had made, and a marten. 'I his being jrt/k. St. Patrick's day, the people celebrated it in the ufual way, by ' getting very drunk and fighting. A dull t—^—» A dull forenoon j it thawed in the afternoon, hailed in the March. evening, and rained hard at night. l8- ^ rained till ten o'clock, but the refl of the day proved clou- s. w./re/k, dy and thawed freely. Sunday 19. It rained a little before day-light, but there was a moderate NF-R frofl afterwards with fome fmall fnow during the greatefl part k. jrcjh. of the day. Monday 20. I fent one of the furriers to the traps by Niger Sound; the n'/h/7ie' otncr to fctcn his traps from Lyon Head, and tail them on the South fide of Eyre Ifland; and I went round Little Caribou. One of thofe traps was carried away, but by what I could not tell; nor could I find it again. A man came down from the lodge, to help to faw the flocks. Our other ihe-goat died this morning. Hazy and cloudy, with fharp frofl and much drift. Tuefday 21, The furriers went round their traps but got nothing; although N- E- plenty of foxes had been about them. I went to Great Caribou. E. little. • rJt i Clear weather. Wcdnef. *«. Coghlan's people went home. jv. E.hard. Sharp frofl, with much drift and fmall fnow. Thurfday -3, One of the furriers went to Hooper's poll to look for ducks. Nponl' Sharp, froily, dark weather. Friday 24. Four men came from the Lodge, and returned again. The N' furrier returned without any thing. A dark day with fmall mow, and foine drift in the evening; the froil abated. The The drift ice came in again. Mr. Scott and our furgeon will *——> not venture their nofes far from the fire, to endeavour to kill March, any thing; but they are very glad to partake of what is killed ^-^sT by others. s. e. It hailed, fnowed, and rained to-day. s' Wl'i^e°ns\ Mr. Scott and I went to Great-Caribou to fee if there were Sunday 26. any feals come in upon the drift ice, but we found none. We faw a fox, but he wras too far off to lay the dog on him. Gentle frofl and cloudy morning; it fnowed afterwards, A great deal of fnow has gone off thefe two days pafi. Monday 27, It rained in the morning, and was dull afterwards. %ftw!} I meafured the tickles again, intending to have a pound, with Tuefday 28. nets, there next feafon. In the evening, four of Coghlan's people came here from Port Charlotte. A cloudy morning, and clear after with thaw. Strong gales with rain and fog. Wednef. 29. s. e. I went to the lodge on a fled, and returned in the afternoon. Thurfday 30. Six men came from thence for provifions. I fent the furriers s. w.jir^g. to Port Marnham a deer fhooting. Hooper's man went home /qvaUy' to-day; his hand being in a fair way of healing. Sharp frofl and fome fnow. Jack and I went round the traps on Eyre Ifland and Little Friday 3i. Caribou. Great part of the fouth fide of St. Lewis's Bay is *■ JV-JronS' quite clear of ice. Gentle frofl with frequent fhowers of fnow. It froze a little, with much fnow, which di filed. Saturday 1. N. E.Jtreng Vol. II. I At At fix o'clock this morning, I let off for Port Marnham on a deer-fhooting party, taking Indian Jack, with our provifions and neceffarics, upon my Efquimau fled, drawn by a < ou-ple of blood-hounds and a Newfoundland dog: I was accompanied t>xre by two of Coghlan's people, who were returning home to Spear Harbour. On arriving at Port Marnham, and feeing no iign of our people, I went to Fox Harbour, and found their baggage in Noble and Pinfon's old fealing houfe, which is nearly in the fame condition as that in Young's Droke. We lay there, making a bed of boughs upon the floor, and flept before the fire like a couple of dogs; but I had the luxury of a good boat-cloak to wrap myfclf in. The furriers did not return at night as I expected: nor could I perceive that they had killed any thing. Cloudy, mild weather. Early in the morning, I ordered the Indian boy home, with the fled and dogs f but the bad weather which foon came on, caufed him to return. I went up Porcupine Hill and traverfed about there till the weather drove me back again. I killed an old porcupine big with young, ready to bring forth. I do not know how many thefe creatures have at a birth; but imagine they are not very prolific: for if they were, they would de-flroy all the trees in the country, as they feed on nothing but rinds the whole winter, and by fo doing kill a prodigious number of trees of all forts ; though they prefer the filver-fir to all others. In fpring, they are very fond of the leaves of the larch, and in the autumn, they eat a bad fpecies of mufh-rooms, which grow here in tolerable plenty. This creature is a good deal like the beaver, in fize and fhape ; the only difference is in the tail and feet. They both fit up, and make ufe of their fore feet to feed thcmfelves with. The porcupine readily climbs trees, for which purpofe he is furnilhed with very long long claws j and, in winter, when he mounts into a tree, I believe he docs not come down till he has eaten the bark from the bottom to the top. He generally makes his courfe through a wood, in a flraight direction; feldom milling a tree, unlefs fuch as are old. He loves the young ones belt, and devours fo much, eating only the inner part of the rind, that I have frequently known one porcupine ruin near a hundred trees in a winter. A man who is acquainted with the nature of thefe animals, will feldom mifs finding them when the fnow is on the ground, if he can but hit upon the rinding of that winter; by making a circuit round the barked trees, Pie will loon come upon his track, unlefs a very deep fnow fhould chance to fall after his laft afcent. Having once difcovered that, he will not be long, ere he find the animal. The belly of a porcupine is covered with courfe fur, but all the refl: of him, with fharp prickles; the longeft and flrongcft of which are on his rump and tail. It is a received opinion, that a porcupine can dart his quills at pleafure into a dillant obje£t; but, I venture to affirm that this fpecies cannot (whatever any other may do) for I have taken much pains to afcertain the fac~t. On the approach of danger, he retreats into a hole, if poffible; but where he cannot find one, he feizes upon the beft fhclter that offers, finks his nofe between his fore legs, and defends himfelf by a fharp flroke of his tail, or a hidden jerk of his back. As the quills are bearded at their points, and not deeply rooted in the fkin, they flick firmly into whatever they penetrate. Great care fhould be taken to extract them immediately; other-wife, by the inufcular motion of the animal into which they are Hi ck, enfo; 'd by the beards of the quills, they foon w'ork I mlel ves quite through the part; but I never perceived the pu. ire to be attended with worie fymptoms, than that of a chirwigical inilrum .liulei Cloudy till one in the afternoon, and then fnowed hard. The furriers looked at their traps, one of which was gone, Satu^29' but they could not tell what had carried it off. moderate,' A clear day. Sunday 30. N, moderate* Five hands went out in a fkiff after ducks, but got none. At ten o5 clock feven deer went from Little Caribou, to Eyre Ifland; Mr. Scott, myfelf, and four of the people followed, but could not get near them. One of the people purfucd them acrofs Niger Sound, and on his return he crofled the flot of five more which had gone towards the Cape: he brought three eagle's eggs and a fpruce-game. A clear fine day. Eight hands accompanied me to the peninfula to look for the deer; but they had gone upon Niger Ifland, and from thence towTards Drifty Mountains. Cloudy, with fharp fro ft. This morning I mealured the thickne'fs of ice which was Tu«% 2. frozen lalt night, and found it to be three quarters of an inch. S-E- I went upon Curlew Hill to watch for deer, and faw a fox. S' mjJ'ratt' Vol. II. K Bryan May. Monday 1 E. S. E. moderate: 1775« Ma)-. "Wcdnel. 3. Wind S. moderate. Bryan went, to Niger Sound for a trap, and to fhoot ducks; he killed fix and a gull at one fhot, but got only one of them; and in helping his dog out of the water the barricados broke, whereby he fell in, and was near being drowned. He found the trap broken; which mult have been either by a white-bear, or a deer. Clear, wnth fharp frolt. At fun-rife a fox came acrofs the harbour towards this place; the people flipped the greyhound at him, but the dog being lame, and the fox having five hundred yards law, he efcaped, after a fine courfe of near two miles. I went up to the Lodge, and returned at night, I found molt of the people fnow-bhnd, and on my way obferved a currant-bufh in bud, which is the firft appearance of vegetation I have feen this feafon. Clear morning, cloudy at noon, and it fnowed in the evening. I faw a goofe this afternoon, for the firft time. The fpring is about three weeks later this year than ufual; there is no appearance of the river breaking up yet. It fnowed in the morning, and rained in the evening. Croke went round his traps, and brought a brace of foxes; a third had carried a trap into the water. All the ice is driven out of thefe Sounds ; but St. Lewis's Bay is mil full, and nothing but ice is to be feen at fea. I wa k.ui round Little Caribou but got nothing. The furriers went round their traps, and one of them killed a duck. Four hands came down from the Lodge to remain here. It froze hard laft night, and was cloudy to-day. a?a!V. Five nands wexit out in a a duck-fhooting, and killed but two A fine day. The Thurfday 4. 5. f,tjk. N. E. little. Friday 5. Saturday 6. N.frefi. s. h: frefh. The furriers examined all their traps, but got nothing. I had a crofs-fox on Entry Point. At ten o' clock eight deer were May. obferved coming acrofs White-Bear Sound, and all hands ran M°fc IV. hnk. out to meet them. I got to Otter Point at the fame time they did, and killed an old hind. The greyhound was afterwards Hipped at them, but without fuccefs: for the fnow being foft, the chafe was ineffectual. Afterwards they ran up the harbour, hardgate*. and took the barrens a little above the fhalloway. The hind which I killed had mewed one of her horns, but the refl had not,; her quarters weighed one hundred and one pounds. Dark, mild weather. One of the furriers, after vifking the traps this morning, Tuefday 6. killed feven ducks, but got only one of them, I had the foot ' 'Jlrm8* of a white-fox on Otter Point. A free thaw all day, which carried off a great deal of fnow. moderate. The furriers went round their traps, but got nothing. One Wcdmf. 10. of them met with nine deer on Lyon Head, and followed them S. /re//,. to Mary Harbour, but not being able to come up with them, he left off the chafe, and crofted St. Lewis's Bay. It was fo late before he returned, that we were afraid he had broke through the ice and got drowned, as it is very weak in many places, 'fhe wooders broke through at the head of the found; but fortunately got out again. Foggy, with free thaw. Some of the people were employed in making a falmon-net, Thurnlj}. lt others in collecting fealing-craft, and the refl in carrying away s.iv.mtie. the chips and dirt from about tfie houfe. ' 1 caught an ermine in the fibre-room. N,%mf It rained till fix in the morning, and froze afterwards. K 2 Ti ie '775-May. I j iday 12. ealm. N. N. E.-frtjk. Saturday 13. Tiie holt was to fharp la.fl night, that there was ice an inch and a half thick. It froze all morning, but thawed in the afternoon. The furriers went round their traps, and one of them had a & iv.jirong, yeijow_fox. tnc other faw a brace of deer, and fent word that they were gone upon Lyon Head. Mr. Scott, myfelf, and three of the people went after them, and met with their flot; but we could not make them out. A clear day, with free thaw. Sunday 14. S. IV.freJh. little. Mofl of the hands went to Seal Ifland this morning, to help the people there, to launch their fhallop. I had a yellow-fox on Otter Point. The found broke upas high as Otter Point. The firft loons were feen to-day. Tweegock fell in labour this evening, and at nine o' clock 1 delivered her of a daughter. She declared that John Ryan (one of our people) was the father of it. Thawing weather. Monday i5. i faw the firft fhellbirds, divers, and fandlarks. I went out ^derate, a duck-mooting in the evening, and killed four, and a pair of fhellbirds; and had a marten in one of my traps on Otter Point. Foggy and cold. Tuefday 16. N. medcratt, WeJnef. 1 7. N. JrrJIi. At one o' clock I faw feven deer on the ice going to the northward; five of them went upon Lyon Head, and took the water on the other fide : all hands went after them.but could not get a. fhot. Eoggy and cold. After breakfaft I went upon the barrens to watch for deer* but faw none. A herd of fix or more had croiTed the head of the found early this morning, and gone northwards,. Cloudy weather. Lwcnt *77S- May: Thurfday i8. Wind N. Wi S. £. moderate. Friday ig. W. frtjk. I went out at fix this morning and flayed till noon watching for deer, but did not meet with any fuccefs. One of our people killed a goofe. Cloudy weather. After breakfaft; I went out again to watch, but flill nothing to be feen. Some of the feal-nets were fpread on the ground. There is very little fnow left on the barrens now, but no appearance of the ice breaking up in the harbour. A clear day, with froft at night. There was new ice this morning, three quarters of an inch s*urJy 2°* thick. I killed a pair of ducks from Otter Point. In the even- '/re}it ' ing a fkiff came up from Seal Ifland, and brought me a letter from Mr. Darby, which came from Chateau in the fhallop that was jufl returned from thence. We were informed by one of our people who returned from the lodge to-day, that the ice in the river was broken up as low as Barred Ifland. Dull weather, and hard frofl. I went out in a fkiff this morning to Battle Harbour and the St,ndajr 2Jt adjacent Iflands, and killed thirty ducks and a pair of ladies. Clear weather. At nine o' clock I fet off in a fkiff for Chateau; but when I got to the cape there was fo much wind that wc could not pafs it. Wg flopped fome time at Hooper's poll, where I knocked down fix ducks, but got only one of them, and returned home at four in the afternoon. Some more feal-nets were fpread on the ground, A clear day. We fpread fome more nets. At two ©' clock this afternoon Tuc^ay ?3» the ice in White-Bear Sound drove out in an entire fheet. A ^dtme fkiff Monday 22. calm* S.fiiartf t Wind S. W. $. E. little. fkiff of Hooper's came up this afternoon, and brought the trap which a fox had carried out of the houfe on Round Ifland; they found it upon the ice, near the edge of the water. Wednef. 24. Xhe frofl was fo fharp laft night, that both founds were covered with ice. At feven in the morning, I fet off in a fkiff, with four hands and Indian Jack, taking my kyack in tow, and intended going to Chateau to kill ducks; being very fliort of provifions. When we drew near to Foulweather Droke, I dif-covered five deer feeding clofe to the fhore; I landed, took mv fhot gun and a rifle, crept up and killed an old hind with the former, and her calf with the latter. I then fent one man up the high hills, and went with the reft towards Lower Table, We foon found feven more deer at feed, in a marfli by the large pond. After ftationing the people at the different pafles along the valley which falls into Harbour Pleafure, I crept up and killed another old hind, the reit then took the pafs which is next to the harbour, where the man who was Rationed there, killed a third, and wounded three more. He that went upon the high ground, hearing the report of the guns, made for a pafs, which 1 had directed him to keep a Uriel eye on, and there met with four of them, and killed a male deer of two years old; he had juft before feen four others, but could not get a fhot at them. One of thofe which was wounded, bled very freely; but, as we could not follow them without flaying the night, and had already as much venifon as the boat could carry, I determined to return home; and fortunately wc had not a breath of wind till we got into Cape Harbour; had it come looner, we mult have thrown a deer or two over board, for the fkiff was laden down to the gunwale. However we got fafe home with our very acceptable cargo about eleven o'clock at night, and on our return I added three fat ducks to it. The calf was not more than a hundred yards from me, but the fecond fecond hind was above two hundred. Though fhe was fhot r~7^I * through the heart, fhe ran at leaf! fixty yards before fhe drop- May. ped. This proved a very fine day. I had the deer broke up, and the five carcafes with their ThurfcJay 25* r Wind n. e. heads weighed five hundred and forty-five pounds. The hinds were all with calf, and two of them would have dropped theirs in about a week. The male deer had mewed one horn, but the others had not; hinds feldom mew till late in June. Dark, moift weather. We put moft of the venifon in pickle, and flowed thirty-two Friday «$, feal-nets on the fcaffold. s' Hazy, dull weather, with a little rain in the afternoon, and fnow at night. Three hands came down from the Lodge; who reported that Saturday 27-die river was clear to Flat Point, and broke in pans to Salt N[ Point. They returned in the afternoon with twenty-eight n- e. pounds of venifon and fix ducks. It rained in the morning, was dull at noon, and fair the latter part of the day. -The ice in the harbour began to break off in pans. A fkilf Sunday 28. of Coghlan's came here which had been at Chateau. s.jrong. Foggy at the cape, but clear at this place. A fkiff with fome of Hooper and Coghlan's people came Monday 29. here. Rain. F- S. E. little. We got fome more nets on the fcaffold. The ice parted Tuefday go. n. hard. moderate. from the fhore, from the mouth of the river to Enterprife Tickle, and a great deal went off. Rainy f—» Rainy morning, fair the red of the day, and fharp frofl at May.* night. Wednef. 31. A fkiff of Noble and Pinfon's called here in their way to hwm w. Lewis's Bay, where they are going a rinding. A bridge of n. e. ice flill remains acrofs the harbour, from the foot of Curlew Hill to Eyre Illand. I fhot a duck. A clear fine day. Thteay 1. At one this afternoon the bridge of ice, which remained acrofs '/reft.' the harbour gave way. The fhalloway having been trimmed a few days ago, I immediately fent up all hands, who launched and brought her to this place. A fhallop of Noble and Co.'s called here in their way to Mary Harbour. It fnowed faft early this morning, was foggy and moifl from eight till two, and rained hard afterwards. Friday 2. Noble and Co.'s fhallop failed for Mary Harbour. We got variabu. up the Otter's mails, rigged her, and put three puncheons and fYrJIu forty-fix hogfheads of fait, befide other things on board, but we found her verj I- iky. 1 he people came from the Lodge this afternoon, and I fent two of them back to remain there during the Summer. Warm, clear weather. Saturday 3. Six hands went up the river for a raft of flage-timber. The s.h.jrejh refl of the people were employed in completing the Otter's loading. Patrick Fleming and three of his hands came down from St. Lewis's Bay; and informed me that the ice broke up yeflerday. I immediately fitted out a falmon crew of four hands, and two coopers for the Colleroon, and fent a rinding crew of five hands, along with them up St. Lewis's Bay, Cloudy weather. At At eight o' clock this morning I failed in the Otter, with five —1 1775. W. K, W. link. of our people and Indian Jack, for Alexis River and Sandwich J^. Bay. At two we were abreafl of Port Charlotte; and the wind wind taking us a head, we worked to windward up Alexis River, s-fre^u as high as a fmall cove in Denbigh Illand, oppofite to Sugar Illand, where we anchored at ten at night. I had been out in the fkiff, and fhot a goofe. The boat proved fo leaky, that the fpudgel * was fcarce ever out of hand. A fine clear day. Weighing at day-light, we towed and worked till eleven Monday 5. o'clock, and finding we gained nothing, came to an anchor again off the eaft: head of Ship Harbour. I went off immediately in the punt with two hands up the river, landed at midnight oppofite to Grove Illand, and lay down to fleep. Lafl night feven hundred fpudgels of water, was thrown out of the boat in three hours. A fine clear day. At half pafi three this morning, we rowed into Grove Tickle, Tuefday 6„ where we found a boat's crew of Coghlan's, rinding; from '5' . jr,j'1' them we learnt where our coopers lived, and arrived at their houfe at live o'clock. I found they had made five hundred and fifty bundles of hoops, and had caught twelve martens and one fox. The Mountaineer Indians, with whom we are acquainted, being on Nevile Ifland, I went there and got the fkins of ten martens, four foxes, four beavers, and three otters of them, in part of their debt to us. At noon, bringing the whole crew with me, I fet off for the Shalloway, and got on s- Wm board her at four o'clock, and then fent one cooper and a Vol. II. L youngfler * A fpudgel is a fmall fort of bucket, fixed to the end of a fluff; and is ufed to bail ■boats with, when ijiey have not a pump fixed in them. s w. little. variable. i--—\ youngller back immediately in a flat, and failed for Sandwich junc* Bay. At night we anchored in 1-ifhing-fhips Harbour. One of the people faw frefh flot of deer, on the ealtern-mofl illand. A fine clear day. Wednef. 7. At one o'clock this morning we weighed, and, in towing out Wind of the harbour through the eaftern-tickle, flruck on a rock; but, as we had very little wind, and fmooth water, the boat received no damage. At four in the afternoon we were abreaft frejk. 1 °f Stoney Ifland; we ran round the fouth end of it, and came to an anchor at the fouth-wetl corner, in a very wild place ; but I did not know where to find a better fituation, as we were unacquainted with the place ; and the wind having taken us ahead, prevented our weathering the Illand. The main body of jam ice being not more than four miles off, rendered it very dangerous to keep the fea; nor could we proceed much higher, as the upper parts of the bay were not yet free from ice. As foon as the boat was moored, I went off in the fkiff to look for eggs, and fearch for a faier place, but was difappointed in moderate. my expectation. However it was fome confolation to us, that John Hayes, the boatfmaflcr, killed four ducks, a goofe, a blacked, diver and a lord. As we had but little wind, for forne time before we came in, I went off in the fkiff occafionally and tried for fifh, but found the water fo deep, that I often could not find the bottom with a whole line, within a few yards of the fhore ; which we found very high all the way from Fiihing-fhips Harbour. The weather was delightfully fine all day. Thurfciny 8: At four this morning we weighed and went to fea. I went N. N.W. . off in the fkiff, with four hands, to take a view of the iflands on S..N. E. on the outride of Stoney Ifland ; the largeft of which forms a very fine harbour for fmall veffels, between it and Stoney Illand. It runs N. E. and S. W. has a fair, narrow entrance at each end, but widens in the middle by a cove in the fmall Ifland, on which we found a hind and calf. I fhot the hind, and then lying down clofe to her, caught the calf by a leg as it came to fuck. Obferving the drift ice to draw nearer in fhore, and it being calm, I went out to the fhalloway and towed her into this harbour. I then fent two men to take a cruife over Stoney Ifland, and gave them but one gun. I foon perceived one of them throwing flones at an old hind, which flood her ground in a defenfive poflure. The novelty of the fight fur-prifed me greatly, as I could not account for it; I immediately went over with the dogs, and we foon caught the calf alive and drove the hind into the water, where the rell of the people pur-fued with the fkiff and killed her. I then learned, that as foon as they had got to the top of the firil hill, they difcovered thefe deer, feeding on the other fide of it, and that one of them returned toinform me, whilfl the other attempted to get a fhot. The deer perceiving him, ran round the hill and coming clofe pafi the other man, he broke the under jaw of the calf with a flone; upon which it lay down: and the alfeclion of the dam was fo great, that fhe would not quit it, although he hit her feveral times with fuch force, that I could hear the found of the flones. The calf was not more than two or three days old, and judging it impoflible to keep it alive, we killed it; but it proved very indifferent meat. 1 At eight o'clock at night, the wind fhifting fuddenly and blowing a hard gale, the boat went round her anchor, fouled it, and drove. We Jet go the other, and brought her up jufl as fhe was going afhorc; after which wc moored her fafe. A great number of feals were feen, beating back to the northward. We had the pleafure to find that the boat made much lefs water. A fine day. L 2 At 1775- Junc. Friday 9, Wind N.Jliong. moderate. Saturday 10. W. by s. N. S\ W. mode rate. tilth. s. s. w. little (aim. Sunday 111 & 5. W. little; E. S. E. At noon I fent two men a (hooting on Stoney Iiland, and they returned at five o'clock with a ptarmigan, and reported that no ice was in fight to the northward; but, that to the fouthward it was jammed in upon the fhore. We got fome wood and water on board and at night unmoored. From the great plenty of venifon which we got here, I named this, Venifon Harbour ; and the fmall illand which makes it, Venifon Ifland. The boat leaks fo little now that we can keep her free with cafe. It fnowed hard all the morning, and the day was dull. At three this morning we weighed and went to fea. At fix, the wind fluffing we worked in among the Seal Iflands, and came to anchor in a narrow tickle, open to the S. S. W. As I difliked that place I immediately went off in the fkiff, to find a paflage'through thefe Iflands, (which are very numerous,) and a good harbour. I found both, and obferved, that the coafl was clear for about four miles off fhore; but, that all beyond that was one continued jam of ice. I landed on feveral iflands and got thirty two eggs and fhot fix ducks. At four o'clock a breeze (prang up and wc got under fail, but it foon after failed and we came to again, in an excellent Efquimau harbour. A fine day. This morning at five o'clock we got under fail, and, as there was not much wind, I fent four hands, and Jack in my kyack, to vifit the fmall iflands which lay a head of us. As the feafon is very backward, eggs are fcarce yet; therefore they met with only one hundred and thirty-five. The people having feen a hare, I went on fhore and killed her; fhe proved of the white fort and had five young ones in her; which is one more than I ever obferved, or heard of before. rI Ins fort, in my opinion, ought rather to be called the mountain, than the polar hare; as 1 have feen them on the heathy mountains in la land and Scotland, *775- land, where they are common: and I have been told, that they are to be found upon Chiviot Hills; but I could never learn r Wind that, the common hare ever frequented thofe lofty fituations. jv. n. e. At fix at night we anchored in a cove, in a fmall bay at the eaft Nt £, end of the Ifle of Ponds, pretty well defended from the eaflerly winds by fome iflands, called the Difmal Iflands, and landlocked from every other. Jack took a cruife in my kyack, and foon returned with information, that there were a brace of flags calntt on a point which projects into the middle of the bay. I went after them in the kyack, followed by the fkiff, which made fo much noife, that they went off before I could land. In the n.uuie. night, a large pan of ice drove foul of us, and pinned us in the cove. A fine, clear, warm day. The ice preffing hard upon us, we veredclofer in fhore, and Monday 12. put one third of the cargo out on the ice; but having fixteen N-Jlrons^ inches of Water to fpare at low water, we took the cafks in again. The ice Mill forcing us further in, at eleven at night the boat grounded and lay along very much ; yet, by the help of hard, the fore haulyard made faff to a rock, we got her over to the other fide, where (he was fupported by a pan of ice and fat al-mofl on an even keel upon flat rocks. Hard fnow and fharp frofl all day and night. At noon, the boat grounded again, and the cafks of fait Tuefday 13. preffed fo hard againfl her fides as to force them open. She h * fprung her main thwart, and drew both that and the partner thwart off from the gunwhale on the flarboard fide ; when the mafl, which was very heavy, heeling to the oilier, I expected flic would have fallen abroad. We immediate ly fixed the main haulyards to a rock ; and by fo doing, fupported the malt and gave her great cafe. As foon as fhe was afloat, we landed four hogfheads Wednef. 14. Wind N. , hard gales. hogfheads of bread, one empty hogfhead, and a grindiione; and put fourteen hogfheads of fait upon a pan of ice. We then bored holes through her fides with an auger, drew them in, and laflied them round the main maft with ratline, and by paffing it through the thwarts, we fecured them at the fame time. At high water the ice preired exceedingly hard upon us. It froze, fnowed, and drifted very much all day. We picked up fome drift-wood, with which we made a fire by the fide of a rock; but, even with this accommodation, we were flarved, and much difpiritcd in our fituation: for we expected to lofe the boat; our fkifT would not carry more than five ; and we were full lixty miles from the nearer! inhabited place within our knowledge. At feven this morning, the larboard bowfaft parted, and the cleat of the large road was carried away. The large ice without us, being now broken in pieces, prelfed harder than ever. At eleven, fhe took the ground in a very ugly manner, hanging between a rock on one fide and a pan of ice on the other; and it was out of our power to relieve her, as the ice was about feven feet thick. Weather much the fame as before. Thurfday 15, N. Jlrong. moderate; little, frejli. /mart. At noon I took a walk on the ifland, killed a groufe with my rifle, and had a good courfe after a hare. At half flood I retnrn-ed, when, the boat being afloat and the wind confiderably abated, with incredible labour and difficulty, and not without much danger, we warped the veffel through the ice, got under fail and worked farther off. She got fuch a fqueeze lafl night; as to prove fo leaky this morning, that we could hardly keep her a float. I fent the fkiff in for the fmall anchor, but, not being able to get at it, they cut the road and left it. By midnight we had got almoft all on board again, except the fait; it then began to blow fmart again, and we weighed and ran round the point into Batteau Harbour. At At one this morning, we anchored in Batteau Harbour, and at fix, obferving the main jam coming fall upon us, even Jf*^ againM a frefh of wind, I fent the fkiff on fhore to bring off mJx.N.E. what ever they could get, acrofs the neck ; and before fhe re- J**n\ turned we were obliged to weigh and put to fea, and had but jull time to pafs, between a point and the ice. The fkiff joined us foon after and brought my kyack, but left the reft of the things and a bloodhound behind. They reported, that the whole cove, which I named Devil's Cove, was full of drift ice; and that the flat pans among which we had lain, were driven on fhore by the former ; confequently, had we not got out juft as we did, the boat mufl have been crufhed to pieces. At ten o'clock we anchored in Porcupine Harbour, and foon after fhifted our birth to the mouth of the north brook, where we moored with a fhore faff ; having now but one anchor. I had a falmon-net put out, and lhot a goofe. This brook has lately been much frequented by deer and black bears. The boat1 very leaky. Some fnow to-day, and the weather remarkably cold. The boat leaked lefs water than yeflerday by one half. Saturday 17. It rained all dav, and fnowed 111 the evening, with very cold N- , N. N. E.- weaffiCR hanU 1 put out an ottei trap, hauled the net and had a large fea Sunday l8, trout in it. A black bear had chewed the inner mooring of Ar Et the net all to pieces; I took it up in the evening and hung a A°Wr cod filh in a fmall tree for the bear. A rainy morning, a dull day, and clear evening. At day-light I fent one of the people on fhore to watch the Monday 19. bear: at five he called on me, and faid, that three large bears N'/ftrtf* were on the weft fide of the brook. I went on fhore immediate- frtjs. ly and faw two but they croffed the brook, and I could not get near «--*-> near them. I waded through the water up to my middle, and junc. was near being carried down by the rapidity of the current : and the water was fo cold that my blood was almoll ftag-nated. In the evening I tailed a gun for them. Much ice drove into the mouth of the harbour. There was a thick fog all day, and a (harp frofl at night. Tuefday 20. %mft At noon I went to the weflern brook ; it; appeared very fmall JrfJh' for a falmon filhery. It can eafdy be flopped as a few nets will do, and thofe not deep. I tailed a trap at the mouth of if. w, f,ejh. ^e Drook £or an otter> jjac| a cafk Qr Deer Drewed. Thick fog till four o 'clock, and clear afterwards. Early in the morning, I fent the boatfmafler with four hands w' to fhoot ducks and to fee how the ice was. From a hill on the n. e. Ifle of Ponds he could fee that Rocky Bay was entirely full, and K./re/k. tjlat -t extended from Batteau Harbour to the Seal Illands tt.n.ur. fouthwards. He went to ■ au Harbour, got nine of the huu. hogfheads of fait on fhore, and brought away the empty hogshead, the trefshoops and grindilone, but could not find the bloodhound. No water to be feen in the offing. Thurfday 2a. \ fent the fkitTout again, and the people killed two whabbies jv. e. Mi. whicn had fome frefh caplin in them. Two hands made a bear-houfe at the mouth of the weflern brook, and tailed a gun in it. I went to the mouth of the north brook to watch e.frtjk. geefe, and killed a pair. One man walked into the country to the N. W. and returned in the evening with a porcupine. We put the falmon net out again. Foggy in the morning, and cloudy afterwards. Friday j walked over rf,e faJUs on the S. E. fide of the harbour. The n. e. s.s. e. icc js flill clofe into the fhore both ways, but no great breadth; and to the northward of Indian Ifland it feemed clear. I returned turned round the S. E. arm, in which there are two fmall brooks, but neither of them fit for fifh. I fent one man out to hunt porcupines, and he brought nine fpruce-game eggs. The fkiff went out to try for fifh with the caplin which we got out of the whabbies, but they could not catch any ; one of the men fhot a goofe. In the evening we faw a fox cruifing the landwrafh, and took it for a wolf-, I landed in my kyack, and fhot it through the head with my rifle: it was a yellow one, which had partly loft its colour. Wc had two fmall flinks in the net. 1775- June. Friday ?3< S. Unit. I took up the net, which had three flinks in it, brought away the gun, and fhifted one of the traps to a frefh rubbingplace. Hayes went upon the north hills, from whence he could ob-ferve, that the whole of Rocky Bay, and the tickle between the Ifle of Ponds and the continent, were full of jam ice; but that the fea was pretty clear to the fouthward. We fhifted our birth to the fouth fide of the harbour. The weather was clear till four in the afternoon, but grew foggy afterwards. At two o'clock this afternoon, I fent Hayes to the north hills again, and he returned in the evening with information, that the tickle aud Rocky Bay were clear of ice. In the mean time, I had the traps brought on board, and at midnight fent for the Ihore-fafl. A thick fog with fome rain till one o'clock • clear afterwards. At two in the morning we came to fail, intending to keep within the Ifle of Ponds, but on going a head in the fkiff, I found the tickle was jammed at the north end; upon which we hauled the wind, worked to windward of the ifland, and then bore away out fide of Spotted Ifland. Having paffed it, Vol, II. M and Saturday 24, little* Sunday 25, E. N. E. little Jlrong. S. S. E: moderate. Monday 26, 5. little. and obferving a deal of ice a head, we hauled clofe under a fmall high illand, at the north entrance of Spotted Ifland Tickle, and there anchored. I then landed to take a view, and found ourfelves to be in mofl imminent danger; being entirely furroundedwith ice; that to windward, driving fall after us, and that to leeward, jamming in upon the outer fide of Indian Illand. But as there was flill a fmall opening left, the only way by which we could efcape, I ran down the hill, returned on board and hauled up the anchor ; we fhook out all the reefs, flew away at the rate of eight knots and foon got fafe through. At a quarter before four in the afternoon, we paffed Half-Way Ifland, when we came into a clear fea ; after running through fcattered ice, fo clofe that we could fcarce keep clear of it for eleven leagues. Had we flruck againfl the ice, the boat mull have been dallied to pieces. At half pall fix, we doubled Cape North, and at eight, anchored off Venifon Head, hoping to find fhelter in a fmall cove there ; but being difappointed we weighed again, and fpent the night under fail between Huntingdon Ifland, and the Continent. A fine day, but the night was dark and cloudy. At four this morning we entered Cartwright Harbour, and at eight got into Sandwich Bay, when we anchored off a point called, Longflretch, and I went off in the fkiff for our people's houfe. Three miles below the narrows of Hinching-brook Bay, and on the fouth fhore, I found the old punt, which they brought with them, on fhore and flaved; this made me apprehend fome accident had happened to them; on a point at the entrance of the river, I found a trap on a rubbing-place flruck up, with the grafs grown through it, which in-creafed my fears, and thofe were afterwards confirmed at one o'clock, when we arrived at their houfe, which I found they had left fome time ago. On examining their chefls, I found a letter a letter for me in the head-man's pocketbook, informing me, that they had been almoil two months on very fhort allowance; June, had eaten their dogs and part of the fkins of the furs which they had caught, and did not expect to live long. This letter was dated the twenty third of May, and by Friend's journal, I believe they continued here until the end of that month* They had built a (kiff, and as fhe was gone, and they had plenty of powder and fhot, I am in hopes they have got to fea, where they will be well fupplied with ducks and eggs. In the houfe I found thirty fox, forty-feven marten, ten rabbit and two mink fkins, befides a good quantity of feathers; and about the door, twenty four porcupine fkins. They had alfo killed fome otters and a wolf; the carcafles of the whole were more than would have ferved them two months, exclufivc of the provifions they brought with them, which alone were fufficient to have lafted them until this day. But I could plainly perceive they had made great wTafte ; which was the caufe of their want, I flayed here the night. A clear hot day. At four o' clock in the morning, we fet off for the fhalloway, Wednef. 28. and met her a league below the narrows. By the way we * found another trap with the remains of a marten in it, the rudder of the new fkiff, and fome pieces of boards. We launched the old punt aud got her on board the Otter. I then fent the falmoniers and cooper back to cut wood for a wharf, and to put out an old net. At eight at night we anchored at the fal-mon-poit. On founding the river, we found it from two and a E- f,cA half, to three and a half fathoms at the higheft fpring tides. We got the old punt on fhore. By night we had a fufficiency of wharf timber cut. The Otter has been fo leaky ever fmce we left Porcupine Plarbour, that we had much difficulty to M 2 keep keep her above water. The falmoniers found another trap as they came up to-day. A clear warm day. At day-light I fent the people on Ihore to build the wharf on a point which I named Paradife. At fix o' clock in the evening the wharf being finifhed, we heaved along fide and began to deliver the goods; but were foon obliged to defift, as the tide was near carrying away our new fabrick. We had fix flinks in the net. A very hot day. At day-light I fent the people on fhore to repair the wharfi and at feven hauled along fide, delivered all the fait and heavy goods, then laid the boat on fhore to flop her leaks. At low water wc calked her larboard fide, which we found had been very badly done before fhe was launched; many feams being quite open. In the evening we delivered all the hoops and what elfe remained, then cleaned her well out. Some of the people were cuttingwood for a falmon-houfe, andothers rinding; the winter men had done nothing. We found plenty of excellent rinds clofe at hand, with numbers of good flocks and timber fit for all ufes iu great plenty. I went up to the winter-houfe and brought down the furs, and what traps, boards, and other things I could find. No filh to-day. A foggy day. The people landed at day-light, when John Hayes calked the flarboard fide of the Otter, in which there were but two fmall leaks, and at high wafer we hauled her off into the flream. Two hands were rinding, who took off feventy-eight, and the reft were building the falmon-houfe; by night they got the frame up, which is forty-four feet long by twenty-four broad* broad. We had four flinks to-day. I went up in my kyack r*7^ to examine the river, and found a large ftream coming down Juty from the South, clofe paft the point on which our people lived, with a fmaller one joining from the Eaft. I aired the furs, and packed them up. We had a loon in the net this evening. It rained till noon, but was fair afterwards. Sending the people on fhore at day-light, Hayes repaired and Sunday calked the old punt. Two hands were rinding part of the day, and got eighty-two; the reft were at work on the falmon-houfe. At eleven o' clock I went in my kyack into Hinchinbrook Bay, on the fouth fhore of which, and near the head, I found the new fkiff driven on fhore by the wind, and ftaved; her painter was tied to one of her mails, which had the fail on it, and was lying on the beach: her thwarts, bottom boards, fome fur boards, and five rackets were at high water mark; and a fpade, drawing-knife, hatchet, gouge and feven trap-chains were in her; fo that all hopes of their being yet ahVe are now over. A new falmon net was put out to-day, a ad we had three fpring-fifh and four flinks in it. The Otter makes very little wTater now. 5. W In the courfe of this day wTe got fixteen bundles of rinds, covered half of the filmon-houfe, caught near two hogiheads of fifh, made three killicks, ftarted fome fait, trimmed thofe cafks, and all thofe which the nets were in; put out two more nets, and cut a great many fluds and rafters. The filh here are the largfcft, fatteft and beft I ever faw on this coafl. We had -a pike of fix pounds in one of the nets, which is the firft I ever heard of in this country. In the courfe of this day we fludded the falt-room, made TuefJ*J four killicks, ilarted moft of the fait, altered the nets which we put out yeflerday, (as they did not ftand well; put out another, took *775» Mr- Wednef. 5, Wind w. Thurfday 6, W. N. W.freJIi. E. by N. Jmart. F iday 7. iW. N. E. N. Fi Jrfh. E- little. Saturday 8* A'. W. httle. with calms. W.jrejh. took up that which we put out firft, caught four tierces of filh, and cut fome more ftuds and rafters. A black-bear was feen, not far from the falmon-poft. The cooper trimmed the fait calks. A fine day, which made the mofchetoes begin to bite. This day we put out another net, killed fifteen tierces of fifh and two flinks; cut fome rafters, ftarted the reft of the fait, trimmed the cafks, and made a ftage for the cooper. One of the people fhot a marten near the houfe. We ballafted the Otter, brought down the loft men's chells from their houfe, killed thirteen tierces of fifh, and left the nets full. At two o'clock, leaving three falmoniers, the cooper and Jack, and taking the other three hands with me in the Otter, I made fail for Charles Harbour. We anchored on the north fide of Hinchingbroc ent \\:»h two hands and hauled up the new fkiff. In . e enjngthe wind blew llrong up the narrows, tjiereiore we, lay fait, i ipht one puncheon and four hoglheads and a half of falmon in two hours, this morning, having the ailiftance of a man to lay them on the table. At three this morning we got under weigh and worked about a league below the narrows, then came to an anchor near the fouth-eall fhore, to wait for the ebb. I landed and walked to the top of the hill above Duck Illand, to take a view of the country, which appeared likely for furs. I killed two porcupines and returned on board. At two in the afternoon we weighed, and were working down the bay all night. Foggy, dark weather all the morning, but clear afterwards. We got through Cartwright Harbour at fix o' clock this morning, and at eleven doubled Cape North; at noon, being near the fmall ifland off North Point, and no wind, we anchored and and went on fhore, where we found a prodigious quantity of eggs; we gathered fome, and fhot thirteen ducks, then made fail again. At eight o'clock we were abreaft of Indian Ifland, at eleven entered Spotted Ifland Tickle, and at midnight were through it. We were working from midnight till four this morning from the above tickle into Devil's Cove, among many fmall Iflands, low rocks, and pieces of driving ice. We anchored in the cove, and took up our fmall anchor. One calk of fait out of the five which we left upon the ice, we found flaved and empty, but the other four were gone ; we laid that on fhore, and at eight made fail again. At two o'clock we got through the Seal Iflands, and at eight were abreaft of the north end of Hawk Ifland, at which tune it ^became calm; and finding we drove faff on fhore with the fwell, we towed into Long Tickle. We frequently tried for cod, but could not catch any. At one this morning we anchored in eight fathoms of water, over a bottom of black mud, and went to fleep. At four we weighed again and endeavoured to work through, but could not j we then bore up and ran back, but, finding a frefh of wind, and a great fea without, we returned to the fmall ifland at the north-we It corner, and there anchored. At fix in the evening we failed again, keeping within the ifland ; and at ten at night, came to an anchor off the fouth-weft point, having the bay open. At two in the morning wc weighed, kept within Stoney Ifland, and got io fea through that channel, and there found a very great and confufed fwell. At five in the evening we came to an anchor in Charles Harbour and moored. I found our fhip, Earl of Dartmouth, arrived j ihe came in, the twenty eighth 1775. Wind W. frefh* S.fmart. Sunday 9. S. /mart. moderate: calm. S. W. little, frefh. S. fmart. Monday i(T» calm. S. W.frefh. N. little* Tuefday 11 N. little. N. E. moderate* eighth ult. in a mattered condition, having met with the ice. five or fix degrees off the land, and had been fafl in it for twenty three days. By her we learnt, that the Lady Tyrcon-nel had been repaired, and returned upon our hands by the underwriters, and was on her voyage from Barcelona to Quebec with wine, for Mr. Lymburner ; from whence fhe was to come here, with fupplies of bread, flour, and other goods. Of all the dreary fights which I have yet beheld, none ever came up to the appearance of this coaft, between Alexis River and Cartwright Harbour, on my late voyage to Sandwich Bay. The continent is all of it mountainous, except the pen-infula which parts Rocky Bay, from Table Bay ; The extreme point of which forms one lide of Indian Tickle. All the iflands, the I lie of Ponds, the Seal Illands and Tome of the fmall ones which are within the bays excepted, are high; the faces of all the hills which front the fea, are fcarce any thing but bare rocks. The fpots where any verdure was likely to appear, were covered with drift banks of fnow; the fhore was barricaded with ice, feven feet thick; mofl of the befl harbours were then not open, and all the refl had fo much loofe ice, driving about with every wind as to render it dangerous to anchor therein ; the water which we had to fail through, had abundance of mattered ice floating upon it, and all towards the fea was one, uniform, compact body of rough ice. How far it reached from the fhore mufl be left to conjecture ; but I make no doubt it extended fifty leagues at leafl; perhaps double that diftance. There was however fome advantage from it, fincc it kept the water as fmooth, as land would have done at that diftance. The badnefs of the weather alfo contributed to increafe the horror of the fcene. But wc no fooner entered Cartwright Harbour, than the face of nature was fo greatly and fuddenly changed, as if we had fhot within the tropics. tropics. There we faw neither ice nor fnow; the hills were ^T^™1 of a moderate height, completely covered with fpruces, larches, July; firs and birch, the different hues of which caufed a pleafing. variety, and the fhore was bordered round with verdant grafs. The water too, inltead of pans of ice, was mottled over with ducks and drakes, * cooing amoroufly; which brought to my remembrance, the pleafmg melody of the flockdove. That nothing might be wanting to complete the contrail, there was not a clOud in the fky: the fun had no fooner attained a fufHcient height, than he" darted his rays upon us moft vehemently; which were reflected back, by the glofTy furface of the water, with intolerable heat; while zephyrus played upon us with a tropical warmth. The fcene was greatly altered on our return, for thejam ice was not to be feen, the barricades were fallen off from the fhore, moll of the fnow melted, all the harbours were open, and we had much pleafanter profpecls, fince we ran within feveral of the largeft illands, and of courfe faw their befl fides. No codfifh on the coafl yet. Hard gales with rain all day. WcaW. ia. Wind N. This morning Catherine Bettres was delivered of a fon. Thurfday 13. Strong gales with rain. Our two new fhallops which were built lafl winter, and the F^J** fhip's long boat came down from St. Lewis's Bay. The people brought word, that Bettres had killed a hundred and fifty tierces of fifh, and was in want of calks. We landed the boards, oars, and other things which the Ihallop brought down. I examined all the furs which we got lafl winter, and found we had a hundred and thirty two martens, fifty-feven foxes, eighteen beavers, feventecn otters, and four minks. A fkiff came up from our flage, which was built fince I left this place on Great Caribou, for a caplin-fein, and reported that there was plenty of caplin, but no cod. A rainy day. Vol. II. N This * Eider-ducks make a cooing at this time of the year, not unlike the firft note of the flockdove. i——* This morning the planters' fhallop came up and brought a few juiy." fmall codfifh, and faid they had killed about thirty yeflerday. Saturday 15. ^e fhjftecl the lifhinor rooms out of the large fhallop into the fmall one, and loaded the former with faking cafks for Port Marnham, from whence fhe is to go to Alexis River for hoops. Fog, and rain all day. Sunday 16, I named the large fhallop the Fox and the fmall one the Squirrel. The former failed to-day, but was forced back again: two hands came down from the lodge for hoops and twine, and informed me that the fifh failed on Friday laft, and that there was a great flood in the river. They wTere weather bound here. Rained hard. Monday 17. This morning the fox failed for Port Marnham, and the two *f-NW men returned to the lodge. Two others came down from Jlrong. m L1 moderate, thence with one of the coopers, and brought a trap from Salt Point ; they returned immediately. We filled fifty tierces with Salt. The carpenter repair the Otter; put knees into her and altered her malts. Tudday i&. We put the fait and fome other things on board the Otter; E.frejh* loaded the fquirrel with cafks, packs, and hoops, and in the latie. evening fhe failed for the Collcroon. An Indian family (mountaineers) came here to-day, who faid, that, they had been towards Sandwich Bay, and faw a great fmoke thereabouts. The other Indian family was here when I arrived. A fine day. WcJnef. 19. We completed the loading of the Otter, and at four in the s.t./rejk a/ternoon, taking captain Dykes, with four of his men, the boatbuilder, a cooper, and both the indian families, confifting of thirteen perfons, I failed for Sandwich Bay, with the fhip's long-boat ealm. long-boat in tow. At half pad ten we anchored near Sugar 1—^—I Illand, in Alexis River, in order to meet the Fox, and get fome July, hoops from her. A fine day. I fent the Indians out a mooting and egging; one of them Re killed two gcefe, which were in full moult, the other brought m** fome eggs. I went to a fmall ifland and killed four ducks, but s. k. , freJ'1' got only two. At live in the evening the Fox coming down, £. N% Et. we took in fifty bundles of hoops, a cheft, and a birch canoe, htHe-which thefe Indians had built for me. She then failed homewards, and at feven we got under weigh, and endeavoured to get to fea ; but, a thick fog coming on, we bore up and went into Harbour Haines, where we anchored at nine o'clock, in eighteen fathom of water. Clear till eight o ' clock at night, thick fog afterwards. One of the Indians killed a ranger this morning. At fix we Friday 2t» failed and got to fea. Palled two fhallops of Hooper's going from St. Michael's Bay, to the Southward. At two in the after- s. w. unit. noon, the wind being a head, and a thick fog coming in from fea, we ran for Occafional Harbour, and at four came to an frrfu anchor about a mile within the mouth, under the north fhore; but, the anchor coming home, we hauled up and ran farther in, where we came to again. After which I went on fhore, on the N. W. fide with the Indians to look for deer, but faw fmart: none; one of them killed four gozzards, which were in full moult. A cloudy morning, and much rain at noon, but was fair afterwards. N. E. At fix this morning we weighed and towed outofthchar- Saturds hour; and at a quarter part five in the afternoon, we entered cai£ N 2 the ay 2t. tittle. the Seal Illands; at half pall fix were through them; and at ten we anchored in Devifs Cove. moderate. A fine day. Sunday 23. At four this morning I fent the long-boat for the fait, and s.s. e. while it was bringing off, I went with captain Jack (the principal Indian) in his canoe, round the cove. We killed five ducks, four geefe, and an otter. We returned at feven, jull as the fait was flowed, and got under fail immediately. We faw great plenty of cod and caplin round the Difmal Illands; and obferved, that plenty of fhaggs and tinkers breed on them. In the afternoon we anchored in Sand Hill Cove, where we found a prodigious quantity of cod and caplin; the former we caught as faft as we could haul them in, and the latter we gathered in great numbers among the rocks, where they were left by the tide. The Indians went on fhore and made a whigwham, where they remained all night, and in the evening one of them (hot at a black-bear. Their tracks were very plentiful on the fhore, and I watched them till dark, but faw none; I then tailed a large trap for them. There is a large jam of ice in the offing, and a great deal comes into Table Bay, which was the principal reafon of our coming into this place. The day was fine, but there was much haze round the horizon. talm. Monday 24. At four this morning, I lent the long-boat on fhore for fome ITm? fand and the trap; and at fix, we went to fea. We had filh for the haul this morning, and I never faw fo fine a place for a cod-fein; the bottom being fmooth, white fand, with an ex-tenfive beach of the fame. I found a * flag's head of feventy-two points, in full perfection, and brought it away; the bcalf had been killed by another in rutting-time, I believe; as his bones * This head is now in the pofTeflion of the carl of Dartmouth. bones were there. When we got within a mile of Cape North, the ice appeared to be jammed to the northward of it; upon J^y* which I went a head with captain Jack in his canoe, landed and Wind calm* walked to the top of the Cape, where we faw frefh flot of deer, and obferved the ice to extend in a large compact jam, from the Gannel Iflands to Wolf Ifland; and a great deal of fcattered fluff to the north-eaft. We got on board again on the north-well fide of the cape, and proceeded to the mouth of Blackguard Bay, when the wind failing, we came to an anchor near Venifon Head, where the Indians went on fhore, and creeled a whigwham. A very fine day, but rained at night. At four this morning we hauled up and came to fail, leaving ^ ^ ^ the Indians on fhore; they refufed to go any further, becaufe I & mt+ would not give captain Jack fome rum lail night when he was almoft drunk At one we anchored off Black Head to flop tide; w. tittle* I went forward in my kyack to Cartwright Harbour, to look for a place for building my houfe upon; intending to refide fitfL there, to conducf the bufinefs in Sandwich Bay. I found a convenient and agreeable fpot on the point at the entrance of it. At three o' clock we got under fail again and worked up to the mouth of Dykes River, where we came to for the night. A clear forenoon, and rainy afternoon. At three this morning we got under fail, and at fix in the even- WedncC a6, ing we anchored at the falmon-pofl at Paradifc. I found about N-N- W> a hundred and forty tierces of falmon on fhore, the fait nearly 7jw/aT expended, and fifh flill plentiful. The people informed me the fifh came in fo fall after I left them, that they were obliged to take ^ two of their nets up, and fifh with two only, till Monday lafl; tatm when they put out others. A fine, clear, warm day. Having Having landed fome of the goods, I had all the nets taken July.' up, becaufe they were badly fet, and put out a new one. Clear till feven, and then rain. Thurfday 27 Wind calm N. E: Friday 28. We put out two more nets, made five buoys for them, caught E.frtji. onc tierce and a half of filh, unloaded the Otter, and calked and payed the larboard lide of her. A cloudy day. Saturday 29. We put out two more nets, cut Huff for building a fifhermen's houfe, killed one hundred and fixty filh, corked one net, and made three buoys. Cloudy till noon, and then hard rain came on. Sunday 30. We put out two more net , took up two, and * boated two. w- We fet up the frame of the fifherrnen's houfe, packed five i/jiCria. tierces of filh, (a puncheon contains two tierces and a half; a hogfhead, one and a quarter) and caught two hundred and three fifh; alfo, had a fpot of ground dug, fowed fome radifh and turnip feeds, and fet fome cabbage-plants which I brought from Charles Harbour. , We ftarted feveral tierces of fait, ftudded part of the houfe, Monday 31. *■ variable. killed one hundred and thirty fifh, put out another net, and boated three. A very hot day, with hard rain in the evening. Auguft. We ftudded part of the houfe, put out two more nets, mended u«rf£ u fome others in the water, and killed one hundred and fifty-eight %"n Isf' Tncfe tcn nets> eacn of which are forty fathoms long, are faftened to the end of each other, and extend quite acrofs the /SJSr river; and they are fet in acute angles, by moorings both above and * To boat a net, is, to take it into a boat and put it out immediately in the fame place. and below, that the ftream may take the lefs effect on them. I faw a hind and calf go up the oppofite fide of the river. A clear hot day; and in the evening we had a heavy thunder ftorm; but it was not of long continuance: the night was fair. 1775-Auguft. Wednef. &i Wind Four hands were at work on the houfe till five in the evening, when they were driven off by rain; they afterwards picked oakum. We caught one hundred and fixty-feven fifh, and packed four tierces. At noon I went up the river,- landed on the eaft fide, about half a mile above Friend's Point, and walk- m frtjh; ed to the top of a fmall hill, from whence I had a good view of the furrounding country. I obferved a very fine lake, about three miles long, and one broad, lying on the fouth river, a mile higher up. By the fide of the eaft river, there wTere fome large marfhes; and: mofl of the adjacent country is covered with good birch, fit for making hoops and flaves: the whole had a beautiful appearance ; and particularly fo at this time of the year, when birches have a richer, and more lively appearance than fpruces or firs. Nor are the hills either fo high or fo fleep as in moft parts of this country, and they are divided by a variety of little.brooks and rills, which adds to the beauty of the profpcct. A foggy morning; it was clear during the middle of the day, and rained hard in the evening. Four hands were fludding the houle, and the others were Thurfday 3.-mending fome of the nets in the water: They alio corked a new one, and killed twro hundred and forty filh. Foggy and moift till one o' clock, fair and clear afterwards. Having finifhed the fludding of the houfe, we covered it in, and partitioned off a room for fait; packed fix tierces, killed two hundred and twenty-five falmon, and a trout; fuch a one as Friday 4. N. IV. ft* ^^jv—x as neither I nor any of our people had ever feen before; it was Auguii. of a lead colour; the flefh was very pale, the Ikin was like that of a tench, and it had no fcales, but marked as if it had plenty JaJjf °f verv nnall ones; the belly was white, and it had two rows of fmall red fpots, juil perceptible, down each of its fides: the Indian boy called it a " fait-water-trout," and faid, the rivers to the northward had plenty of them. In the evening I killed a loon in the water, at a hundred yards diftance, with my rifle. I faw the firft baked apples. A fine day. Saturday 5. We lingered part of the falt-room, got eighty rinds, packed tv. N. w. five tierces of filh, and killed one hundred and twenty. I had N E the trout boiled; the flefh proved white when dreffed, but was flabby and tough, and not well flavored. In the forenoon cap-N. frtjk. tajn Dykes and I went into the woods in h arch of flocks and rinds; we found plenty of both, and great abundance of mof-chetos, which bit us intolerably. Cloudy all day, and rained in the afternoon. Sunday 6. \\re kftied ninety-feven fifh, and got thirty nitches of rinds. In the forenoon I went down the river in my kyack, landed on the north fhore, about half a mile below, and rummaged the woods there; I found fome fmall fpots of flocks, and a good tatm. many rinds; alfo, two of Jofeph Friend's traps, and faw the frefh track of a black-bear; which I followed to the narrows, but could not get fight of him. A cloudy day, with a clear evening and night. Monday 7. We killed a hundred and twelve fifh, and got thirty-two n. frejh. njtcnes Qr rinds. After breakfafl, captain Dykes and I went in my canoe to the head of Hinchingbrook Bay; we proceeded a mile farther up to a fmall brook, intending to get into a large pond, pond, which I had obferved from the top of the hill on the feventh ult. about two miles in the country, and fuppofed Auguii. that it emptied itfelf by that brook; but we now found that it N^/fe/h. lies upon the fouth river. We met with two fmall ponds on that brook, with an old beaverhoufe in each. The canoe was mattered in fuch a manner, that we had great difficulty in getting her home, and were conflantly in fear of her finking under us. I had farther the misfortune to lofe a pint fiiver tumbler out of my pocket. Wre found fo me large flocks, a large trap which Jofeph Friend had left, and my pocket-telefcope, which I loft the fixth of laft month. We faw both frefh and old tracks of wolves on the north fhore of the bay. On our return, we were informed, that a hind and calf had crotfed the river, below the falmon-poft, and that Jack purfued them in my kyack, but could not overtake them. A cloudy, mild day. We caught a hundred and thirty-two fifh, and got twenty- Tuefday 8. two nitches of rinds. wt moderate. A clear, warm day. We got fixteen nitches of rinds, covered in part of the dwel- wednef.9, ling-houfe, caught fixty-three fifh, and packed three tierces. After breakfaft I went in my kyack, up the South River, into the lake; by the fide of which were feveral fmall, fandy beach- n.n.jt. es, and all of them were much tracked with black-bears. On '"J*' one, I faw fome flot of deer, and on another, the track of a wolf; the reft of the fhore was covered with alders, and wil- s.jkart. lows. Moft of the land near the waterfide is low, and the whole country around feems likely to produce beavers, provided there were a number of fmall ponds fit for them to erect their houfes in. I obferved, that the lake is much fubjccl: to floods, owing to the narrownefs of the river at the bottom of Vol. II. O it i—-A—a it. I fhould have gone quite round it, but found too much Auguu- wind. I returned at night. A very fine day. ThurfHny jo. We got fixteen nitches of rinds, killed forty-nine fifli, and Wind calm. N. frtjh. calm. packed ten tierces. After breakfaft I took two large traps in my kyack, and went into the lake, where I tailed them on different beeches, for black-bears. In going up a ihoot in the river, was very near being upfet; and fhould certainly have been drowned, if I had. A black-bear was feen oppofite to the falmon-poft to-day. At night we hauled the Otter off into the ftream, and moored her. Clear hot weather. Friday ti. We got twenty nitches of rinds, packed two tierces of good fifh and three out of the bulk, (a great quantity of fifh being faltcd in that manner for want of cafks) we filled four puncheons and a hogfhead out of the bulk, and killed forty-eight fifh. Weather as yeflerday. W. frcj!,. calm. Saturday ic. We cut a hundred duds for my dwelling-houfe, filled one puncheon and three hogfheads out of the bulk, killed forty- s. w. jrcjh. eight fifh, covered in the remainder of the fifherman's houfe, and put the dry nets into it. I cut the ends of my left thumb and fore finger, very much, with a cooper's adze. Exceffively hot all day. Sunday 13. We repacked the rinds which were below Rafberry Point, caim. took Up nve ncLSj killed twenty-feven fifh, and packed fourteen tierces. Early in the morning I went in my kyack, and 5. w./rrjh. vifited the traps, one of them had taken a bear by the nofe, but he had efcaped, and the other had been robbed by a marten. Weather as yeflerday. We variable. little. calm. We cut a hundred finds, caught eighteen fifh, filled four hoglheads out of the bulk, took up three nets and put a new Auguft. one out. (We have now but two out, which are placed angu- ^wi^dVim.' larly on the fouth fhore.) In the morning captain Dykes went up to the traps ; one of them had been flruck up and turned over by a bear, and the other had been robbed by a marten. He frefh tailed and baited them both and at night went a fe-cond time, when he found the nearefl carried into the wood by a bear, which had gotten out again; owing to the traps having no teeth. Cloudy weather with fmall mowers of rain during the day, and much rain during the night. We cut a hundred fluds, repacked the rinds which are op- Tuefday 15. polite to the falmon-poft, killed feven filh, packed five tierces and filled a puncheon and three hogfheads out of the bulk. Early in the morning I went down the river and watched till noon for a bear, which had been there for three nights pafi N./rejk. near the fluds ; and after dinner I went in my kyack into the lake, removed the farthermofl trap to the other, and fat watch- calm. ing them all night. Clear hot weather. At fix this morning I returned without having feen any thing. Wednef. 16. In the courfe of this day we felled a fufficiency of timber for my intended houfe; packed fix tierces, filled a puncheon, and three hogfheads out of the bulk, and killed fix fifh. In the tV' evening captain Dykes went up to the traps; one of them, he faid, was carried away into the woods by a bear, and he could not find it. A cloudy day. We packed twenty tierces, filled four hogfheads and half a Thurfday puncheon out of the bulk, and killed thirteen fifh. In the O 2 forenoon cal/i:. Augufl- Wind S.Wj'refi. cnlw. Frulay 18. W. s. W. moderate. Saturday 19. W. S, W. moderate. Sunday 20. IV. s. w. forenoon I went up the river in my kyack. and took two men, the greyhound and a Newfoundland dog in the punt, to hunt for the bear. We got the punt into the lake without much difficulty, and found a yearling dog-bear fall by both hind legs, in that trap which captain Dykes faw laft night; the other was not moved, but Dykes was near being caught in it himfelf. After bailing the bear for fome time, to enter the dogs, I fhot it through the head and brought it, and both the traps down with us. On our return wc fkinned the bear, which proved in good condition for the time of the year. A clear day. The head and carcafs of the bear weighed fixty-two pounds, and we had fome of him roaftcd for dinner. We filled three hogfheads, alfo a puncheon and a half out of the bulk, which were all that remained, and killed eleven fifh. In the evening; I had fome provifions and other things put onboard the Otter. It rained all day. We began at day-light to put every thing which was intended to go from this place on board the Otter; we then weighed and warped down to Hoop-pole Cove, where the rinds and wood lay, and got all the former, with one long-boat load of the latter on board: alfo, I had the new fkiff repaired, calked, pay'd and brought up. A cloudy day, with rain in the afternoon. At day-light, hauled the Otter along fide the fhore, got out a pair of Ikids, and at noon completed her lading ; when finding her very leaky, we put a long-boat full of wood out again : but not being able to get at the leak, we reladed the wood, and at two o'clock, taking the new fkiff alfo, we failed for Cartwright Harbour, A little below the narrows I fent the Uiter forwards wards, and went in the fkiff, with captain Dykes and two hands, to explore the weft fide of the bay. We rowed along fhore to a fmall peninfula in Cooper's Cove, where we made a fire and lay by it. By the way we faw plenty of hoop-poles, and feveral good rubbing places. A fine day, but rained in the night. At five in the morning wc fet off again, and foon came to Monday &u the mouth of a large river, which I named Eagle River, from ca/w, feeing feveral of thofe birds by the fide of it. The mouth being very fhallow, I fent the fkiff to the point on the north fide, and went up in my kyack to the head of the tide ; which I found broad, rapid, and difcharging a deal of water; the fides were bounded by high, rocky hills, well covered with wood, w. appearing to be much frequented by falmon and bears, but difficult to fifh; nor did I fee a proper place for buildings to be erected upon. Returning to the fkiff, we rowed round a fharp point, which I named Separation Point, into another large river, to which I gave the name of White-Bear River \ the mouth of which is full of fand banks. At four in the afternoon wc got to the head of the tide, where a fmaller ftream falls in; and a little higher, there is a mod beautiful cataraci, the perpendicular fall of which is about fourteen feet, with a deep pool underneath. It was fo full of falmon, that a ball could not have been fired into the water without linking fome of them. The fhores were fire wed with the remains of thoufands of falmon u wdiich had been killed by the white-bears, many of them quite frefh ; and fcores of falmon were continually in the air, leaping at the fall; but none of them could rife half the height. The country all round is full of bear-paths, leading to the fall. We watched there till dark, but faw no beall of any kind. Returning to the mouth of the fmall river, we made a fire under a high, fandy hill, and lay there. The day was fine, but it rained mofl part of the night. At 1775* Auguft. Tuefday 2 2 Wind W. frejh. pong. At day-light the greyhound awoke us by barking-, wc jump-ed up and found it was at a black-bear, which was at the foot of the bank. He immediately ran off, when one of our people going about fifty yards from the retting place, came clofe upon a large wolf, and was glad to make a fpeedy and fate retreat. Captain Dykes and I inftantly went after him, and faw the bealt not far from the fame fpot: when I fent a ball at him> and laid it clofe to his heels. Wre then walked to the cataract, but faw nothing. Returning to the boat, we put our things in and were juft going off, when I perceived a wolf coming up on the other fide of the river, and expected he would have come within fhot; but he turned off on winding the fmoke. About a mile below, we faw a large itag croliing the river, and I purfued him in my kyack ; but he winded me, and galloped off into the woods. At the mouth of the river, we landed and walked round a flat, fandy point; covered with tall bad wood, to the mouth of a fmall brook, which comes down a valley from the northward, dole under the foot of Mealy Mountains and on the well fide of them; the bed of this brook is a fine, white quickfand. Near the mouth of the brook we faw a pair of doves, and I killed one with my rifle; it was much like a turtle dove and fed on the berries of the Empetrum Nigrum. I never heard of fuch a bird in the country before, and I believe they are very fcarce. Returning to the boat, we filled for Cartwright Harbour, and had much wind and fea in croffing the bay, which is twelve, or thirteen miles broad in that part. I found the Otter arrived and un-loaden. It rained till fix this morning, but the refl of the day was fair. ef n We ballafled the fhalloway, pitched my tent, made a tilt for the people, dug a fpot of ground and planted fome cabbages in it. In the morning, one of the people walked along fhore to the moderate* N. E. Si the head of the harbour, and there faw five deer feeding; he returned and informed me, but they were gone before I could get to the place. I found fome good deer paths, and obferved, that the white-bears frequently walked along the fhore. At eight in the evening, the Otter failed for Charles Harbour. A very fine day. At eight o'clock this morning, recollecting that I had not much to do here at prefent, and that it would be more convenient for me to go to Charles Harbour now than hereafter, I put a few clothes into the fkiff, took all hands and rowed after the Otter ; knowing fhe could not be far off, as there had been but very little wind ever hnce Ihe failed. In an hour I boarded her, abreaft of Goofe Cove, and then fent the fkiff back. We worked to windward all day, and at feven in the evening anchored in Blackguard Bay, near Slink Point. Dark cloudy weather. At two o'clock this morning, came on a crale of wind with rain; at half pall four, it being then light and the fea running ib high as to endanger our foundering, we attempted to haul up, but could not purchafe the anchor; we then cut it away, ran through Weflern Tickle into Iflhmus Bay, and got to Tea through the fbuth-caft paifage. We had a very dangerous and great fea from Green Ifland to Cape North, and alfo off Indian Illand ; and as captain Dykes obitinately perfided in keeping too much to the fouth ward, we could but juft clear it. At eleven o'clock we came to an anchor off the fouth-eafl end of the Ifle of Ponds to hoi ft in the longboat, having towed her at the rate of nine miles and a half, an hour, the whole time. As foon as fhe was in, we hauled up again; and in fo doing, fell upon an inland-rock, which lies near that place, but got olf immediately and came to fail. From thence, to the north-weft end of Sandy l775> AuguU. WindS. calm. Thurfday 24. s« frejk. S. by E. /mart. Friday 25. N. E. hard. excr/five hard. moderate, »775-Auguft. Wind Uttk. Saturday 26, W. N. W. variable, little. Sunday 27. S. W.frtjh. W.frtjh. Sandy Ifland ; we had a great fea, and the boat went through it at fuch a rate, that fhe did not leave a dry thread either in her fails, or on our backs. Having pafled that, we had fmooth water; and, ten minutes before two, came to an anchor in Efquimau Harbour, where wTe moored with a tow-line to each fhore. A cloudy day, with frequent heavy fqualls, but the night proved fine. A quarter before five, having hoifted the boat in, we hauled up and made fail; at half pall four in the afternoon, being abreaft of Alexis River, and the wnnd taking us ahead, wc bore up and ran for it, in order to take in the remainder of our hoops ; and at eight o'clock we anchored on the fbuth-fide of Cartwright Ifland. A clear day. At four this morning we came to fail. We faw a hind fwim-ming from the fmalleft Nevile Ifland to the fouth fhore; I pur-fued her in my kyack, and was within two lengths of turning her, when fhe landed and ran into the woods. A little higher, I landed and walked over the neareft ridge of hills; but finding only thick birch woods, which wrere very bad to walk in and the flies ready to devour me, I made for Beaver Brook ; and turned from thence along fhore to the cooper's houfe, where the Otter had already arrived. We took in what hoops were left, cut a load of fire-wood, and brought it on board in the long boat. A cloudy day. I fent the people on fhore early in the morning, who Monday 28, * w brought on board two loads of firing; and at eight o'clock we * w- made fail for Charles Harbour, where we arrived at night. I found found here, our brig Lady Tyrconnel, David Kinloch matter, which arrived from Quebec yeflerday. Cloudy day. We landed the bread, flour, and flaves from the brig, and T then hauled her off from the wharf. We laid the Ihip on fhore by the flern to examine her rudder irons, and found them better than we expected: at night we got her off, and into her birth I killed three curlews. A clear day. 1775- Auguft. Wind N: N. W. moderate. uefday 29, W. frejhi again. This morning I failed for Chateau, in a fhallop of Hooper's, and arrived there at one in the afternoon, I then went on board the Martin floop of war, commanded by captain William Parker, where I remained. A cold day. Strong gales all day. Wednef. 30. N. 5. W, frejhi Thurfday 31, s. Captain Parker's brother went a fliooting, on the low grounds ^da^T" between the fort and St. Peter's Bay, and killed a Haggard. > E. moderate. I went to Lance Cove, and from thence to Henly Harbour, Saturday 2, in order to return home; but the inflant wc got under fail, the ?/f;J^; wind fhifted and I returned on board the Man of War. E-NiE' frejk. Early in the morning I went to Henly Harbour, and failed Sun^ 3. homewards, where I arrived at four in the afternoon. A fiflierman from White Bay was brought to our furgeon, having received a wound in his left hand by the burfting of a gun. This and the two preceding days wrcre employed in fhip- Wednef 6, ping provifions, houfhold furniture, and other neceffaries on S'E' Vol. II. P board lOJ Scp^X>- wich Bay. THE THIRD VOYAGE, board the Lady Tvrcormcl, for ('artbright Harbour and Sand- Strong gales with rain. Ienibaiku: at nine this morning, taking Mrs. Selby and all the Indians with me, and immediately failed for Cartwright Harbour. We got to fea through Enterprife Tickle, and were oil'Hawk Ifland at night, A clear day. At day break we were abreall of Spotted Illand, and at noon paffed the wolf; when meeting with light variable winds, we did not gain any ground for the remainder of the twenty-four hours. We palled feveral large iflands of ice in the courfe of the day. At nine in the evening we hove to for the night. The fore part of this day was clear, but the latter foggy. At four in the morning we made fail, and flood into Sandy-Bay ; at fix we had a heavy fquali: and as the wind continued to blow fmart afterwards, I conducted the veffel into Sandhill Cove, where we came to anchor at nine o'clock, in four fathoms of water. No fooner was the veflel brought up, than we perceived that wc had narrowly efcaped lofing her, by accidentally miffing a fhoal, which lies north of the cove, and on which the fea then broke in a tremendous manner. In the afternoon I fent the mate out to found ; he had one fathom and a half clofe to Goofe Point, from whence it deepened gradually to fix fathoms, and then fhoaled to two and a half, clofe to the fhoal, on the other lide it deepened gradually to feven fathoms between the fhoal and Bluff Point. At high water the mate found two fathoms on the crown of it. (Tides flow here, about &,E,modcratu fix feet.) We faw great numbers of geefe in this place. Lieutenant Thurfday 7. w. s. its frcjli. S. IV. Friday b*» S. E. moderate. variable, little. Saturday 9. N. ^ rV. mode rule. fmart: freJJu N. N. E. & S. £. tenant Lane has laid this place down in his furvey, as a fmall, r-^—* fhoal cove; but it is a very fine river, the mouth of which is September; greatly incommoded with fand-banks; the fure confequence of a river running through a fandy country. Weighing at day-light, wrc ran out of the cove, between Sunday 10. Goofe Point and the fhoal, and at two in the afternoon, being s> Tijttfe* off the north-eafl end of Long Illand, I went off in a fkiff to take up the fhalloway's anchor; but before I got to it a fog came on, when I returned and reached the vellel off the mouth of % Hare Harbour. We foon after flruck upon an unknown fhoal, E Uak which lies abreaft of the north Hare Ifland, but got off immediately, without receiving any damage; I named it the Tyrcon-nel JIwaL At half pafi feven we anchored in Cartwright Tickle, abreaft of the landing-place, for there was too thick a fog to go any farther. Our people came off and informed me that the houfe was ftudded and covered in. A dark day, with thick fog in the evening, and it rained mofl part of the night. At one this morning it began to blow hard; at five the gale Monday u was heavy, and in half an hour after, our cable parted: we N>E,hard. were then near driving on fhore upon Weflern Point, which is fhoal, and rocky; but wc got her before the wind, ran up the harbour, and let go the other anchor between a fmall woody ifland, and Earl Ifland, where we brought up in four fathoms and a half of water, over a bottom of tough black mud, and excejfwe hard. N. hard. there rode out the gale. The water was perfectly fmooth, but the wind blew fo exccffively hard, that the veflel was frequently laid almdll on her beam ends, the tide making her ride athwart n. n\ hard; the wind, and the fpoondrift flew entirely over her. We got up the fpare anchor, and bent the remains of the parted cable to it. It fnowed and hailed all day, was fevcrely cold, and we were P 2 in t—s&*z*s* in conftant apprehcnfion of parting our cable and lofing the September. veffel, at leaft, if not ourfelvcs alfo. Tucfdav 12. At feven o'clock wre weighed the anchor, and we found it n. -.jtrcngt had lain in very tough mud with many large flones in it; for the cable hung on them as it came in, and was rubbed in feveral places, nor was the anchor canted, notwithllanding the vi-fUn, olence of the gale. We then fet the fore flay-fail and ran into the bight on the fouth fide of my houfe, there came to an anchor in nine fathoms good, clear, ground, which is an excellent place for a fhip to ride in. 1 went on fhore and was informed, that the tide yeflerday, flowed two feet higher than ufual j that it rofe two inches high in the houfe; and that the violence of the wind was fo great, as to turn the bottom up of a feahng-fkiff, which lay on Rocky Point. I never experienced fo hard a gale before. The refl of the day was employed in landing fome of the goods. Cloudy weather, but it mended as the day advanced. Wedncf. 13. The people were landing goods all day. In the morning I Nt w' fnJh' killed a goofe near the houfe; after breakfafl I went upon Sig-E.iutk. nal Hill, where I fhot a curlew; and on my return, killed a, large porcupine. Cloudy, cold weather. Thurfday 14. The people were employed the four lafl days in landing fuch goods as were intended for this place, and did not carry the lafl of them on fhore until this day ; for the fhoalnefs of ihe water, made that operation very tedious. I employed myfelf in writing letters to England, and in other neceflary bufinefs. We alfo fpread the dried fifh, which was brought for our winter provifions, and worked on the houfe at fuch times as the tide did not ferve to land goods. At At noon to-day, taking captain Kinloch and four hands in the yawl, 1 croffcd the flats and examined the large cove which September, lies under the north fhore ; I found it to be very fhoal, with a bottom of fine fand ; a fmall brook empties into it, one bird ifland lies in the middle and another farther out. In paffmg Diver Illand, we faw abundance of geefe and black-divers. The weather was clear and warm for the lafl four days, but cloudy to-day. We got up the anchor which we parted from in the tickle, Tuefday 19, and fpread the fifh, fome of the people were employed on the w WlNniw, houfe. After breakfaft, I walked round the fhore to Salt Mea- J'^A' dow, where I fat watching geefe till the evening. I killed a porcupine, fhot a doater through, wounded a goofe, and faw a fhipe; which is the fecond that I have feen in the country. Great plenty of geefe and black-ducks wrere about the meadow, and there was fome flot of deer upon it. A rainy day. The provifions were flowed in the itoreroom. I landed all Wednef. so. my family, and we lay on fhore for the firft time. Sfre/.' A clear day. We unmoored ready for going to Paradife, and in the even- Thurfday si, ing I went up the harbour in the yawl, and founded two of the tickles. A clear day. After breakfaft I went to the Salt Meadow, where I killed a Friday as. lady, but faw no geefe. The brig's crew cut wood to Row the falmon. Captain Kinloch went upon Earl Ifland, and fudden-ly came clofe upon a brace of deer, but taking them for white-bears, he ran away from them ; he alfo faw great numbers of geefe 1775* September. Saturday 23. Wind S, E. little, s. little. Sunday 24. N. W. moderate. Monday 25. w. moderate. E. little. S. E. little. geefe on the north fide of the Iiland. All my family were very bad with colds, and I bled Tweegock. Early in the morning the brig got under weigh, and I failed in her for Paradife, but was obliged to anchor again at the upper part of the harbour, as the wind failed and the tide was fpent. Kinloch then went in the yawl and founded the fouth-crnmofl paflage. We weighed at day-light and worked through the narrows, but, the wind heading us and the ebb coming down before we got to proper anchorage, we were obliged to return. Captain Kinloch then founded the paffages, which are three diflerent ones, caufed by a couple of fmall illands lying between Earl Iiland and the continent, and I was landed upon Earl Illand, on which I walked acrofs, to the north and well lhores. I fired a ball, without effect, at a filver fox, and faw much frelh flot of deer, and many geefe. The well cna of the paflage, between that and Diver Illand, I obferved was very narrow, with a mofl rapid tide running through it; occafioned by a reef of rocks, which extend a confiderable diilance from both the iflands. After brcakfafl I croiled the broadefl part of Earl Illand, where I faw much frefh flot of deer, and fome good paths. At half pad four, the brig got under weigh and entered the north tickle, where I boarded her: the wind dying away and heading us at the fame time, the tide fet us on fhore upon Earl Illand. A fkiff, with a couple of hands from Paradife, fortunately arriving at that inflant, enabled us to get out a kedge anchor, and we got off immediately without receiving any damage. Without the affiflance of the fkiff, this accident might have had Xenons confequences; for the tide ran too rapidly for us to carry ry out an anchor in the bri&js yawl alone, and both wind and tide fet dead on the fliore, which is covered with detached, September, pointed rocks, a foot or two high. We afterwards got fafe through the narrows, and anchored off the north point of Muddy Bay. At day-light wc got under fail and endeavoured to get into Tuefday 26 Sandwich Bay, but were obliged to put back into Muddy-Bay, • J** where wc anchored in eleven fathoms of water, over a bottom of black mud. I fent the yawl for the kedge anchor, and went myfelf with the fkiff and kyack, into Dykes River; I paddled in the latter to the head of the tide, where the ftream falls over large rocks for a good diftance, and empties a fufheiency of water, to receive falmon. A clear warm day. At day-li.^it we got under fail, but were obliged to return Wednef. 27 again. After breakfaft, I went home and found all my family 5* w- far* very poorly : at night I returned on board. A clear morning, with fog and rain afterwards. At noon we got under weigh again, but were forced, once Thurfday 28 more to return ; I then landed and walked round the pond at «**&*&. the head of the bay, where I killed a pair of teal, and found a tUtUf good deer-path. In the evening I went home and flayed all night. A dull day. At daylight I returned on board, when we immediately 1 njay 29, weighed and got into Sandwich Bay. At half pail one, we came ^ & to anchor in Hoop-pole-Cove, when Kinloch and I went in the moderate, yawl, and founded the river up to the falmon poft. We found a bad fhoal below Rafpberry Point, but a deep, through narrow channel jr. s. w. frejh. channel, on each fide of it. I found ail the falmon packed ; somber, which produced one hundred and thirty nine tierces of good iifh: ifindintu. a^°j nineteen hogfheads and fourteen tierces of what were lalted in bulk, which are of an inferior quality. Fourteen of Jofeph Friend's traps were found lately, in a cat-path on the north fide of the river, Saturday 3o. This morning we got the brig up to the falmon-poft, moored n. w. iittu. j]er wjtjT tjjC j^edge anchor and landed all the victual-tifh. pong. Ac' 1 A lair day. Sunday1. We landed all the fait and part of the provifions. At noon taking Jack with me, I went up the Ealt River in a fkilf, landed at the head of the tide, and walked by the fide of it to the foot of the fecond pond; we then afcended a high hill on the fouth fide, from whence we had an exteniive view of the country. We faw a lake lying on the river, to the eaflward of that hill, and feveral fmall pools to the northward. On our return, we obferved a falmon in the fecond pond, 2nd found a goofeberry bufli on the bank of it, which is the firft I have either feen or heard of in the country. From the top of Rodg-hill, I obferved two other good ftreams fall into the river, before it empties into the tide way, and feveral large marines by the fides of them. The country is very promifing for deer and beavers, and the whole that we went over to day, is fo clear of woods and rocks, that I could have galloped a horfe all the way from the boat, except the firft two hundred yards. In one place there were feveral acres of ground with long grafs growing on it fit for tillage: I tried the foil, and found it a light fand, with a good mixture of black mould, and of a great depth. We killed a porcupine and a fpruce-game, A clear day. We landed the remainder of the provifions, and took on board fome falmon. Hard rain all day. j We fhipped off forty-eight tierces of falmon. Small rain, fleet, and fog till noon, and it fnowed afterwards. *775» Ofctober. Monday 2, Wind W. s. W: Jlrong. Tuefday 3, calm. There was much fnow on the ground and trees this morn- Wednef.4. ing. We got fome firewood on board, and at noon took on board forty-eight tierces. I went to Friend's Point, and there met with another cat-path, with twenty-fix traps in it; there is now but one wanting of the whole number which Jofeph Friend brought with him, A cloudy day, with fome fmart fhowers of rain. w. s. w. Jlrong andfqualty* We took on board, forty-five tierces, and nineteen hog- Thurfday 5. fheads of falmon, which were the whole; alfo, thirty-one Wm ?'w' J moderate. empty hogfheads. A clear day, with fharp froft. We filled fome of the water cafks, got the traps out of the Friday 6. path, took the people's chefts on board, and prepared to fall JLJw down the river. I killed three ladies. A cloudy day. Being wind-bound we got fome firewood on board. A clear day. Saturday 7, N. Jlrong. In the morning captain Kinloch and I founded the fhoal Sunday 8, again, took marks for avoiding it, and at two in the afternoon, ^.uttUh we weighed and towed down to Hoop-pole Cove. Clear day and fharp froft. Vol. II. )u ,---i It fnowed fad till two in the afternoon, but at night it was oaJbcr. almofr. gone, and then came on froft. Monday 9. Wind N. E. Tuefday 10, At nine this morning we got under fail and worked into Sandwich Bay, from thence arrived fafe in Muddy Bay, where we came to an anchor at four o'clock. I immediately tailed a trap for a fox and a Hip for a deer by the pond fide. A fair day, but it fnowed at night. Jlreng, little. Wednef, ii, At nine o'clock, captain Kinloch and I went off in the yawl tatmi for my houfe, and took the new Ikiff in tow, laden with cafks. On our arrival there, we were informed that three deer had taken the water in front of the door, about an hour before, and fwum down the Tickle into Huntingdon Harbour, where they Mill remained. Leaving the fkiff we purfued, and foon got fight of them, lying to in the middle of the harbour. They made towards us until we got very near; they then made off, and caufcd a long and fevere chafe, but at length I kdled them all. They proved a ftaggard, a knobler, and an old hind: the quarters and humbles of the whole, weighed four hundred and ninety-fix pounds. It is incredible how faft they fwim, and how long they can hold it; although the boat rows N E 1 moderate, very well, yet we had hard work to come up with the Haggard. I alfo fhot a duck, and faw a prodigious number of geefe. A fine day. Tnurfday 12. At nine this morning I went in the fkiff on board the brig, s. e. got under weigh, and brought her through Middle Tickle: at noon flie anchored in her birth, and we immediately landed what was for this place, Moiit weather. The The brig was ready to fail for Charles Harbour, but lay wind-bound. Thick fog till two this afternoon, and much rain afterwards. I put fome traps out for foxes, on the back-fhore. Rain and fog all day. The wind made a very high tide, although the neeps are now in. Put out fome more traps in Laar Cove. It rained hard all day. 1775. Ot'tober. Friday 13. Wind calm: N. E. Jlrong. Saturday 14. N. N. E. hard. Sunday 15. N. N. E. fmart. At day-light I went off in the fkiff to found the Tyrconnel Monda Shoal, but it broke fo high that I could not venture near it: between it and the North Hare Ifland is a good channel. The brig came down at noon, when I gave the captain directions for avoiding the fhoal, and then went to Huntingdon Iiland, where I landed and took a fliort walk. I killed a pair of ducks, fhpt a yellow fox with my rifle, faw many geefe and got home at dark. Some fnow with very cold weather all day. y 16. N. by W. moderate. Tuefday 17, E. N. E. moderate. The people were at work on the kitchen chimney. I took a walk upon Signal Hill, from whence I faw a prodigious number of geefe, and afterwards killed one from my door. Jack went in my kyack up the harbour, where he tailed a trap for an otter, and killed a goofe, but loft it. * After breakfaft I took Jack and his mother with me in a fkiff, Wednef, it. and made the circuit of Earl Illand. I killed a duck, five divers and two fpruce game, and returned home after dark, frequent fhowers of fmall fnow. Drains were dug about the houfe. Jack went in my kyack Thurfday i9, up the harbour, tailed two traps for otters, brought a raven out e. uuu. O 2 of 1771 jOaober, Friday 20. Wind variable. Saturday 21 . JV. W. little, Sunday 2 2, w. s. w moderate. Monday 23. W.jrtjh. ■moderate. of that which he tailed before, and killed a pigeon. Some fnow, fleet, and rain to day. After breakfaft I took Jack with me in the fkiff, and went to Salt Meadow, where we tailed thirteen traps for geefe and one for deer. As we wTere returning, we obferved two deer walking along fhore downwards. I landed and followed, till I got within fhot, and fired twice at the largeft, but miffed it both times. They then ran round the harbour to my houfe, where fome of the people met and fired at them, which caufed them to take the water. Four hands purfued then in a fkiff, which fortunately arrived from Paradife at that inftant, and killed them both. They proved a broket and a knobler, and weighed three hundred pounds. Some fhowcrs of rain fell to day. This day I had a haunch of venifon roafted for the people, and gave them as much porter as they would drink, (having prornifed the falmoniers a treat;) and intend to do the fame every year that they kill a good voyage. A fine mild day. I was ferving out flops to the people, fettling their accounts, and hiring them afrelh. Some fpruce-game came clofe to the houfe, and Jack ihot one of them. At noon I fent the two coopers, and two fealers up to Paradife, keeping three men, Jack, and the women here. Jack vifited his traps, tailed four more and brought a marten. I went to the large trap by Laar Cove, found it flruck up by a porcupine, and had a yellow fox in one under Signal Hill. At night, a marten came into a tree clofe by my houfe, and I fhot it. I named this houfe Caribou Caflle. Dark weather till one o'clock, clear afterwards. We We calked and pay'd the fkiff. After breakfaft Jack and I went down along fhore, tailed two traps for foxes, and fhifted Oftober. one of the others for martens. We alfo walked fome diftance ^wl/*' up Laar Brook in fearch of the pond, but did not find it; yet W, I am fure there is one, as I faw fome old beaver-cuttings, and an otter-path by the fide of the brook. Jack killed a fpruce-game. Hazy, warm weather. At day-light, taking the three men and Jack with me in the "Wednef. o.Fj, fluff, I went off for Blackguard Bay to look for a feahng-poft, N* UuU' and take up the Otter's anchor; we got the latter, but could riot meet with a fealing poll to my mind. We lay in the wefl-ern-arfti of Blackguard Bay, near the brook, and paffed a pleafant nigh t by the fide of a good fire. Dull, mild weather all day. At day-light we fet off for home, but fo great a fwell turn- Thurfclay a6« bled into the bay, we had great difficulty to row out of it; N' £' and it was with the utmofl labour we reached Goofe Cove hard' by night. There we hauled up the boat and made a fire, by jiormy. which we paffed a very uncomfortable night. Wc faw a great many ducks going to the fouthward, and Jack killed a fpruce-game. The fore part of the day was dull; it afterwards fnowed hard, and fo continued all night. A great quantity of geefe were in Goofe Cove this morning. Friday 27. At eight o'clock we fet off for home, but with difficulty got to * JlronSi the fmall point under Black Head, where we hauled up the fkiff, made a fire, and flayed an hour ; we then fet out on foot, ***** but the gale foon after moderating, I fent the people back for the fkiff, and walked forwards by myfelf. I tailed two traps for 1775-October. Saturday 28. Wind N. W. pong tind foually. moderate. for otters under Black Head, fhifted a fox-trap, and had a yellow-fox in one of thofe which I tailed the twenty-fourth inllant. The fkiff took me in beyond Laar Cove, and we got home at three in the afternoon. A dark, cold day. Jack went and examined his traps, in one of which he had an otter, and another was gone; which I fuppofe has been carried away by a fox. I took four traps on my back, and tailed three of them for martens along the fhore of this harbour, and the other for a fox in a path on the north fide of the Great Marfh; I then vifited all thofe which are round Black Head and Laar Cove, tailed two fmall ones which I left the other day, for foxes, and the large one for deer or bears, on the fouth fide of Great Marfh. I returned home by the back fhore, and looked at the traps there, but had nothing in them. My greyhound tree'd a marten, and I fhot him through the head with my rifle. Some (bowers of fmall fnow in the afternoon, but it was clear afterwards Jack went in my kyack up the harbour, and brought home the trap and flip from Muddy Bay; and alfo, a marten, a rabbit, and a duck out of his own traps. I went to Laar Cove and fixed chains to the four which I carried out yeflerday. We began to make a fod wall round my houfe; threw the viclual fifh out to the fun, and flowed fourteen quintals of it in the kitchen. A clear, mild day. Monday 30. Early in the morning Jack went in my kyack, and tailed a couple of traps for foxes, on the north fide of Earl Ifland, where he faw frefh flot of three deer. He afterwards went round his traps Sunday 29, calm. tf. E* little. moderate. traps on the fouth fide of the harbour; one of which was carried away by a goofe, and he had a yellow fox and a large walk in two others. I went round my walk; and one of the traps which were tailed for otters was flruck up, and I had a porcupine in another. Several large flocks of ducks flew clofe pafi Brocket Point. Finding mvfelf much weakened by wearing flannel fhirts, I this day put on a linen one, and intend wearing no others in future. A clear, mild day. I went with Jack to Earl Ifland ; we fhifted one of his traps there, and faw the frefh flot of a deer. Had linen meets put upon my bed inllead of flannel ones. A clear, mild day. I frefh flowed fome goods in the flore-room, and had a window made for it. This morning the ground was covered four inches with fnow, and it fnowed very hard all day, with thawing weather. The window was fixed in the flore-room, the fod wall was finifhed, and I had a hundred and five pieces of venifon hung up in the kitchen to fmoke. Snowed very hard all day and froze a little in the afternoon. I went round my traps, in which were a good filver-fox and a marten, and fhot a fpruce-game; I tailed another trap for foxes, and a flip for a deer. Jack vifited his traps on the fouth fhore; he brought a marten and half a goofe; the refl, and the whole of another had been eaten out of the traps by foxes. At three this afternoon the Otter arrived from Charles Harbour, from whence fhe failed the twenty-fecond of lafl month, with thirteen hands to complete the crews here. They informed me, that the gale of wind, which happened here on the 1775- October. Wind W.- w. s. w. Tuefday 31, w. s. w. frefh. calm. November. Wednef 1. N. E. hard. Thurfday «. N, hard. Friday 3. N. N. E: moderate the eleventh of September, reached that place on the twelfth, and did infinite mifchicf both on this coaft, and all round Newfoundland. Our fhip the Earl of Dartmouth was driven on fhore and greatly damaged, but was got off and repaired; our two fhallops were driven on fhore; one almofl beat to pieces, and the other much damaged; the planter's boat was wrecked; four out of five of Noble and Pinion's veilels were driven on fhore and bulged; feveral of their boats were wrecked in Lance Cove ; feven others were driven over to Newfoundland and there loll, together with twenty eight out of twenty-nine men ; Thomas's brig was wrecked ; Coghlan's iloop driven on fhore; vafl quantities of fifh fpoiled ; and every flage and wharf on the coafl were wafhed down, ours among the reft ; and that nothing which was afloat, except the Man of War, one of Noble and Pinfon's veffels, and this fhalloway, had ridden it out. The Otter was near being loft lafl night; fhe ran into Berry Ifland Tickle in the dark, and at low water, grounded and beat a good deal, but fortunately the bottom was fmooth fand, and fhe received no injury. Dark frofly weather. I was fitting out the crews for the winter. Jack went to his traps on Earl Ifland, and brought home a rabbit and a fpruce-game. A dull frofly day. I finifhed fitting out the bay crews to day, and fent them off for Paradife in the Otter. Jack brought home his geefe traps, and faid that a white-bear had gone to the eaftward laft night: as I judged he would go over the deertrap, I took the boy and went to fee; he had gone under two flips, and fet his foot upon the jaws of the trap and flruck it up, but was not caught: we followed him as far as the laft fox trap; one of which was flruck up. A dull day with thaw. Jack (— 1775- Jack vifited his traps on Earl Ifland; two of which were flruck up by a wolverine. The fealers were mending their November. ,.,.„.,, Monday 6, nets and cutting killick-claws. wind N. Ei Small rain all d ay. moderate* The fealers were mending their nets. At noon I went in a TucCiay 7- £. moderate* fkiff with the Indians, and brought home the two ottertraps which were under Black Head; and in one of which was a good crofs-fox. The two farther! foxtraps were robbed, and one of them was flruck up. I fet a fox-hook, baited with a fmall bird, and tailed another large trap. Cloudy, mild weather. The fealers were mending their nets, and cutting killick- WcAwf. 8. claws. Jack went round fome of my traps; he brought a crofs-fox, and the bait was gone off the hook. Drizzly weather. The fealers were employed as yeflerday. I fele£led a net, Thurfday?, to have under my own management, and mended it. Hard rain all day. £. AT. Et Jlrong. The fealers worked on their craft. Jack walked round my Friday to, traps, but got nothing. The Indian women began to cover my kyack with new fkins. Moifl weather. One of the fealers and Jack went to the woody ifland to Saturday u* fhoot ducks; they were obliged to land on the fouth fhore of the harbour, and walk back, not being able to row againfl the wind: they faw fome geefe but no ducks, and brought an otter out of one of the traps. I went round my walk, frefh S-E-baited all my traps and fhifted fome. By the weather which Vol. II. R has 1775' November* another bad fealing feafon. Hard rain and ileet all day. —»' has prevailed for fome time pad, I am afraid that we (hall have N. N. E. Jlrong. Tuefday 14. There has been a continued gale of wind with rain for thefe NM^ldE three lafl days, which prevented our llirring from home. The p0ng. fealers were putting their craft in order, and the women finilh-cd my kyack. Wednef. t5. I vifited my traps, fhifted two, and fet a hook for foxes. Jack n. e. jnji went round his which were on Earl Ifland, and brought a yellow-fox and an otter. The fealers were netting all day, and in the evening I fent them for the fkiff, which they brought home. Several geefe, and a harp were feen to-day. Small fnow and rain. Thurfday 16. jack vifited liis traps on the fouth fhore, and had the foot of a marten. I fent the fealers in the new fkiff to Paradife, to fee what was the rcafon that the Otter did not return. We perceived that all the venifon was tainted by the heat of the kitchen ; it was wafhed and brufhed and then put into frefh pickle. The fun appeared for a fliort time this morning, for the firfl time thefe fixteen days pafi; in the afternoon it rained hard, with fog. Saturday 18. Yeflerday it fnowed and rained continually, with much wind ; but the weather was flill worfe to-day. Sunday 19. Taking the wooder with me, I went round my traps and raim. baited three more for foxes ; alfo fhifted the two large ones, and £. by s. had a marten and a mink. Jack vifited his traps on Earl wderatt. jfljdj^ where an otter had got out of one ; he fhot a duck and caim. two pigeons. About ten in the morning the fky cleared for about THE THIRD VOYAGE. 12^ about half an hour, but we had thick fnow for the refl of the t—\—\ r 1 177S* tWenty-IOUr hours. November, Jack went to Earl Ifland, where lie changed an ottertrap. Monday 20. It fhowed fa ft all day. Wind N.E .moderate At fix this evening, John Hayes and three of his crew return- Tuefday at, ed in the fkiff, and informed me that the Otter had been de- u.byw. Jlrong. tained by the wind and weather till this morning; but that fhe was then in the mouth of Muddy Bay ; alfo, that Thomas Davis (one of his crew) was drowned one night, in obftinately attempting to fwim on board the Otter, when the was lying at Paradife. It fnowed all day, with open weather ; and at night froze moderately. The fealers removed their craft from Brocket Point for fear Wednef. 22, it fhould be flooded; as the fpring tides rife higher now than N'^rJ' ufual. Much fnow, drift, and froft all day. The fealers went off at day-light to bring down the Otter, Thurfday e3. and returned with her at noon ; I fhould have fent them off direclly to their winter quarters, but they were all drunk. I went round my back-fhore traps; in one of which was part of a raven, (the reft had been eaten by a fox) and a raven's claw in another ; all the others were frozen. The fun fhone for half an hour this morning, being the third time this month, but we had fnow in the afternoon. The weather flill continuing bad without any appearance of Fri(lay *4. changing, and the feafon being far advanced, I determined to hard-keep the fealing crew here, as it is almofl impoffible for them to go to the place I intended fixing them at, and be prepared R2 for N, N. W. frrjh. Jlrongi f__A--, 1775. November. Saturday 25, Wind N. light airs and culms. Sunday 26. a', moderate. for the feals in proper time. I do not expect they can kill any number at this place, as it is by no means proper for the bufinefs; but to move them from this place now, would be attended with ferious confequences. We got part of the Otter's lading on fhore. Gentle froft, with fome fnow. Wc landed the reft of the Otters lading, and laid her on fhore for winter. The fealers began to build their houfe. I walked round my traps and found feveral of them robbed by martens, and there were but few foxes ftirring. Jack went to Earl Ifland, and fhot a groufe. Foggy with fmall fnow and thaw. The fealers were at work on their houfe. Fair with broken clouds: this is the only tolerable day we have had hnce this month came in. Monday 27. JV, N. W. Jrrjh. Tuefday 28. N. by W. The fealers worked on their houfe till the evening, when with the ailifiance of all hands I thwarted and blocked up the Otter. Jack went up the harbour and brought a duck. I vifited my traps, in which were a marten and a raven. There was a good run of martens laft night. A cloudy, fioity day, with fome fnow. The fealers worked on their houfe, and mended their nets; at night they put out mine off Bracket Point. Jack went a lhooting into the woods, but killed nothing. I vifited fome of my traps, and found three of them robbed by martens. The wooder dug up the two large ones, which were covered three feet thick with drifted fnow. The fun appeared fometimes, and it froze fharply. Wedticf, 20, The fealers covered in their houfe, and took poffefhon of it it this evening.. They fhifted the net which they put out yeflerday, and corked fome others. Jack walked to his traps on the fouth fhore, and I viiited three of mine, but neither of us got any thing. A clear Iky, with fharp frofl. J775-November. Wind N. by W. frejh. little. This morning, the harbour was frozen over with thin ice, Thurfday 30. but at noon moll of it was driven off. The fealers put out three nets; two in the tickle, and one below. Jack went to Earl Hi and ; from whence he brought a trap and a brace of groufe. Two harps and a bedlamer were feen. It fnowed mod of the day, but did not freeze, calm. moderate. The fealcrs put out four nets, and had a harp in that at Brocket Point. Jack went to the woody ifland, where he faw a brace of white bears, but could not get a fhot at them. He brought home the ottertrap and killed a groufe. The fealers fhored up the fhalloway, repaired the fkiffs, hauled their nets, and had a ranger. Jack and I went round my traps, we frefh baited, and poured fome feal oil about them; there had been a very great run of foxes lafl night, but they would not touch the bait which was falted falmon. We alfo taded the two large ones in the flip-places, brought the flips home, and faw the track of a white-bear. Jack fhot a groufe. Frofly weather. This morning the harbour was full of ice and lolly, and one of the nets fall in it. The fealers hauled mofl of the refl, but got nothing. Jack vifited his traps on the fouth fhore, and I examined mine, but neither of us had any thing. He faw the frefh track of a white-bear. The morning was clear, and afternoon December, Friday i. Wind N. little. frefh. Jlrong. Saturday 2. N. frefh. N. W. moderate. W. little. Sunday 3. S.W.frfh. s. s. w, moderate. 1775-Decembcr. Monday 4. Wind S. S,E.moderate. N. E.fre/k. Tuefday 5, W. hard. Wcdncf. G. S. W. frtjh. moderate. little, calm. Thurfday 7. N. Fiiday 8. 5. & W. little. noon dull; but upon the whole, this was the finefl day we have had fince the laft of October. Sharp froft. The fealcrs put out two nets, fhifted fome of thole which were out before, and had a jar. Jack brought home the reft of his traps from Earl Illand, and killed a duck. I was attacked this morning with a fevere fit of the gravel. Foggy, cloudy, mild weather till the evening, when it began to freeze fharply. The fealcrs put out two more nets, and worked on their craft. I had a very bad night, but was better to-day. Sharp froft, with drift. The fealers hauled their nets, and had alazarus. Jack and I carried out five traps and tailed them on Signal Hill; I then went round my walk. Great numbers of foxes had cruifed about laft night; they flruck up three traps ; which is the firft time I have been certain of their touching the baits. Dull weather with a little fnow; fharp froft in the morning, very mild afterwards, and it froze gently again in the evening. The fealers worked on their craft. Jack and I vifited our traps; I had a good filver-fox, and he a brace of crofs-foxes. The deertraps being much drifted over, they were dug up and tailed afrefh. Cloudy, dark weather, with gentle froft. The fealers hauled their nets, made fome killicks, and had a bedlamer. The mildnefs of the weather ftill keeps the feals back. 1 do not expect, them till hard weather fets in; and, as the feafon is fo far advanced, it will freeze fo fevercly, that they N. moderate. they cannot make any flay with us; and our nets will all be frozen over. Jack went round his traps and killed a fpruce- December; game ; he faw four harps, three bedlamers, and the track of a white-bear. I vifited my harps and had a yellow-fox. Dull, mild weather. The fealers hauled the nets and had a bedlamer. I fent the Saturday 9; wooder round my traps, but there was nothing in them. I s-went along with Jack round his walk; we carried out fix more N 'Wt traps, which wc tailed for foxes, and faw a prodigious deal of tracking. A clear day with increafing froft. The fealers cut out the net at Brocket Point, and had two 10t S. little, bedlamers in it; the Hill part of the harbour having been frozen ever fince the third inftant. Jack and I took a walk to the top of the high hill on the fouth fide of Great Marfh, from whence wc faw two pools which lie upon the Laar. We went up the weft, fide of the hill, which rifes gradually and is well clothed with wood; but, as we found the walking very bad, by reafon of the great depth and lightnefs of the fnow, I determined to defcend on the eaft fide, being much deeper, and where but few trees grow: we got on very well for a little way, but coming to the top of a precipice, we found ourfelves to be in a very unpleafant fituation; for we could not get far, either to the right or the left, nor was it potfible to mount the hill again, on account of its fteepnefs and the depth of the fnow. We were therefore reduced to the alternative, either of remaining where we were lo perifli with cold, or of dropping over the precipice, which was at leaf! twenty feet high, at the rifk of breaking our bones on the fragments of rocks beneath, unlefs they were fufhciently covered with fnow to break our fall. On fearching my pockets, I found a fathom a fathom of cod-line, one end of which I tied to a fmall birch DcSbcr. tree, which grew clofe to the top, ealed my fell" down over the edge, and then dropped as foft as on a feather-bed ; and Jack followed in the fame manner: our guns, rackets, and hatchets, w having been previoully thrown down. We foon after came into s, MtU, Laar Cove, and returned home along the back-fhore, on which we found a yellow-fox and a marten in two of my traps. A clear day, with fharp frolt. Monday ir. The fealcrs hauled their nets, but got nothing: they faw a s. w. utiu. large white-bear in Laar Cove and fent me word, but before I got there he was gone : I had a yellow-fox ; three more had got out of other traps which are old and bad ; one was flruck up and three were robbed. I tailed four more, fhifted the fpring-hook, and brought the cod-hook home. Jack vifited his traps; he killed a fpruce-game, and brought a leg of a s.E.hard. filver-fox; the refl had been eaten by two wolves. Sharp froft. Tuefday i" Jack and I vifited the traps; fix of his in fucceflion were w.s.w. flruck up and robbed by a white-bear, and all mine were drifted over. I put out two more, and a fnare for a rabbit. s.w.kard. xhe fealcrs were making killicks, but could not, examine the nets, there being too much wind. Sharp frofl with haze. Wednef. 13. Tne harbour and tickle are full of lolly, and the ice is firm N.frrjk, from the upper end of Salt Meadow, to the wefternmofl part of this point. Jack went to his traps; the bear had been again, flruck up one, and was caught in the next; which he NJtejiF' kaa* carried into the woods, where the boy came up with, and fhot him. He was a cub of laft year, and weighed, when whole, eighty-five pounds; the quarters only fifty-five. I took I took one of the fealers with me and went round my walk, ••11 1775* in which I put out another trap, linked the two large ones, December, and tailed them with baits forbears: one trap being broken w*j$*' I brought it home; no foxes Itirring. The fealers could not get a net into the water for ice and lolly. A clear day with hard froft. The fealers hauled their nets; two of them were driven, Thurfib^u* ■which they brought on fhore, and had a ranger ; they faw one w-harp. Jack and I went round our traps; one of his was carried away, but he could not tell where, or by what*, nothing had been near mine. The lolly is all driven off again. I have now twenty-eight traps in my walk; and Jack has twelve in 5. w.frjki his. Hard froft with dull hazy wreather, threatening fnow. The harbour and tickle, are covered with lolly again. I fent one of the fealers with Jack to look for his loft trap, which they found with a crofs-fox in it; they tailed a large one for bears, and three more fmall ones for foxes. I ftaid at home, and employed myfelf all day in papering the dining-room. One of the fealers went round my traps, and tailed another; but there w7as no fign of foxes. A clear day, with fharp froft. All the wrater here about, except in the ftrength of the tide, Saturday 16. was frozen this morning, fo that we have now no chance of moderate. feals. I fent one of the fealers round my walk, who put out two more traps, but got nothing. I went with Jack to his, and put out three more. From thence, I attempted to crofs the woods to Muddy Bay, but, finding the diftance greater, and the wralking worfe than I expecled, I turned back. A clear day, with fevere froft. Vol.IL S No Friday 15. Ar. N W. Jlrong. t—*—\ No water to be feen, except round the fmall illand; above, 1775* * December, in a fmall part of Cartwright Tickle, and mofl part of Sand- wkhTlckle. moda-atc. A clear day with fevere froft. Monday 18. The fealers tried for fome of their nets, but could not find Jot?' anY- Jack and I vifited our traps; I fhifted four of mine, but I had nothing; he brought in two crofs foxes. I burnt one of jv. .v. £. . . iiu'ie. my fingers with tailing a trap. A clear day, with fevere frofl. Tuefday 19. The fealers tried for their nets, but found only one. Jack W'iadeW' anQl 1 went round our traps; I had a marten and a raven. Dull day, fevere frofl, with a little fnow. Wedr.ef. 20. The fealers tried for their nets, but found none. We ex-s. tittle. amincd the traps and found a hlvcv-fox, and a yellow one; two of mine were robbed and flruck up, and I had an excellent courfe after a fine filver-fox; but the ice being fmooth, the jv.£. little, dog could not keep his feet at the turns, which were a dozen at leaf!. A clear day with fmall frofl. Thurfday 21. Wc had a capital filver-fox, a good crofs fox, and a marten s- w- in the traps, and lhot a fpruce-game. Many foxes had been in moderate ~ * ■ \, 0 111 my walk, and leveral of my traps were robbed. I gave out twenty-one traps to the fealers. I have now thirty-one in my walk, and Jack has nineteen in his. Frit* ta Jack am* I v'fltcd our traps; he fhot a brace of fpruce-game. n. n. w. Two of the fealers went to Muddy Bay with eight traps, which />cJ/l' they tailed there; and they faw great plenty of tracks of white-bears and foxes. Two others were cutting cat-paths from the fouth fide of the harbour. It It fnowed all day, and in the evening it drifted alfo; moderate frofl:. On vifiting our traps we obferved that moll; of them were drifted over fo much, that they could not ftrike up. Two fealers carried out fome traps and tailed them below Black Head. Thefe people I lhall diftinguifh by the name of the eaflern furriers, and the others by that of the weflern. John Hayes (the head man) took charge of the deathfall path, and built fome death falls in it. One of my traps is fo buried in drift, that I am not likely to fee it again before May. A clear day, with fevere froft, which froze up our well, and obliged us to melt fnow for water. Jack and I looked at our traps and each of us brought in a yellow-fox. The fealcrs, according to cullom, began to ufher in Chriflmas, by getting fhamefully drunk. Severe frofl, with a clear fky. 1775-December. Saturday 23. Wind N. hy E. W. s. ■s. moderate* Sunday 24, 5. W. W. little'. Jack and I went round our traps ; he killed four fpruce- Monday 25 game, and I fhot one. All the fealers drunk again. calm- Snowed till two o'clock, drifted hard afterwards j but froze very little. s. s. iv, little. N. t. hard. I gave up three of my traps to the eaflern furriers. Jack Tuefday 26. went into the woods a mooting, and killed a fpruce-game. N'N'E' It fnowed and drifted hard all day. s.e. hard. At noon, Jack and I went round our traps; nothing had been Wednef. 27. near mine, but one of them was fo much drifted over, that s- W-Pm$* I could not find it. I tailed a fpring fnare for a fox. Jack had a crofs-fox and a yellow one in the fame trap, but either a wolf, or a wolvering had eaten the crofs-fox. moderau. It fnowed, and drifted till noon ; fevere frofl all day. S 2 All All hands went round the traps: one of Jack's was carried away, but by what he could not tell; Hayes had a wolvering ; the weflern furriers Jaw the Hot of five deer, near Muddy Bay; Jack gave up feven of his traps to the furriers. It drifted till the evening: a clear day with fevere froft. Jack, the weflern furriers, and I, vifited our traps, but very few foxes had been near them. I found one of mine, which had been drifted over lately. A cloudy day, with fome drift and fevere froft. Saturday 30. All hands went round the traps ; I fhifted feveral of mine, N.byiv. but had nothing:; lack brought in a marten, the eaitern fur- moderate. o ' J o » ricrs, a good filver-foxj and the weflern ones, the leg of another; the refl of him had been eaten by a wolf, which carried the trap half a mile. A very fine, pleafant day : it was clear, with fharp frofl, but not too fevere. 1775- December. Thui-ra.iv 28. Wind fmart. frefh. Friday 29. N. frefh. Sunday 31. Jack and I went round our traps; he had a yellow-fox, and * fhot a fpruce-game. s. s. w. Fine weather as yeflerday. little. ,17761 The ice was cut about the fhalloway to day, to prevent it from January. ' *' -* Monday 1. lifting her. All hands went round our traps, and as I was re-variabie. turning along the back fhore, four wolves came up the ice, Hale. round Black Head, and pointed for me, but afterwards turned into Laar Cove, in which I had ten traps ; I went through the woods into the pafs to Great Marfh, and there fhould have had N'rlyJ" a £ooc* cnance f°r onc or them, if the fnow had not fallen off the trees, into the pan of my gun: they took no notice of any of the traps, but went into the woods to the fouthward. The new year fet in with a very fine day. Two frefh. Two hands Tawing a flock for foxboards, and two others 1 were at work on the ice about the fhalloway. The eaflern January.-furrk rs went round their walk. The wolves returned the Wi\i fame way they went, two of them got into traps in my walk, and the other two into fome in that of the furriers; but three of them broke the traps and got out, and the other went clear off with his. Jack and one of the weltern furriers vifited their traps; the latter brought a good filver-fox, a yellow one, and a foot of another; he had four more traps robbed: no foxes s.w./r^. going any where elfe. I walked acrofs Earl Illand, and from thence down the north fhore to the north-weft point, then crolfed the barrens back to the bight withi 1 the woody illand home again, but faw very little feetingof any kind. I obferved, that all Sandwich Bay was firm, but there was Hill fome open water in the tickles. An exceeding fine day; the fun wTas fo hot, that it actually made water upon a rock, at nine o'clock this morning, by melting the fnow. All hands went round our traps. I obferved, that one of the Wcdnef. 3. wolves which efcaped from a trap yeflerday, had bled a good N' byW' deal and had been followed by a frefh one. Another had gotten into a trap in the eaft walk, and carried it off into the wroods; in following him, the furriers found that which car-ricd off the traps yeflerday: it was a young, white bitch, which another wolf had killed, and eaten part of her loins, then buried her in the fnow. Cloudy, mild weather, with a little fnow. I fent John Hayes and one of the weflern furriers to reconnoitre the country about Cape North, and the reft of us went Thurfday 4, round our traps. The eaflern furriers followed the wTolf 5-w- . mciiralt* which which carried oil the trap yeflerday, and met with it near January. Goofe Cove; it proved a grizzled bitch, weighed loily-nine pounds, Hood twenty-feven inches high, and; from her nofe-end to her rump, mcafured three feet feven inches. Another wolf followed my track of yeflerday, to feven of my traps, one of which he flruck up, but would not meddle with the refl: I carried out a trap which a wolf broke on Tuefday, and tailed it, and two others in a triangle, on purpofc for wolves, baiting with the fhoulder of a wrolf. The weitern furrier had a yellow-fox. I had a loin of wolf, and part of a loin of white-bear mailed for my dinner; the former was the fweeteil, btit the latter, by much the tenderer! of the two. A clear, fevere day. Fridays. All hands went round the traps; I had a yellow-fox in one, ^moderate' and a marten had robbed another: no ligu of any thing elfe. Weather as yeiterday. Saturday 6. Early this morning, the two men whom I fent to the cape calm. land, returned with information that they had feen a great deal s.s.e. of frefh flot of deer, and many tracks of white-bears. They had walked all night, forefeeing bad weather. The refl of us vifited our traps, and Jack killed a brace of fpruce-game. A dark morning with fog on the hill tops, and it Qiowed all the refl of the day. Sunday 7 Hard gales with much fnow, drift, and fevere frofl. n. e. Monday 8. All hands vifited their traps; Hayes had a marten, one of e. n. e. Jack's traps was gone, and the weflern furriers had a raven eaten out of one of their traps, by a wolf; they faw the tracks of three. Thick, moifl fnow ; mild day. Sent The wooder went to my traps, and the reft of the people vifit- i——» ed their own. Jack fhot a brace of fpruce-game. The weflern January, furriers did not return at night. mnd 9' The morning was tolerable, but it fnowed, and drifted very 5' hard afterwards. Jack vifited his traps and had a marten. The weflern furri- Wednef, to. ers returned about two o'clock this afternoon; the weather S'f"^' wras fo had yeflerday, they could not get back. It fnowed, and drifted a good deal in the morning; afterwards it cleared up, drifted but little, and froze moderately. The eaflern furriers, Jack, and I went our rounds; the for- r^hyUt mer had a crofs-fox, and a yellow one had been eaten by a wolf, ' **' out of one of the three traps, which I tailed on the fourth in-flant; he had alfo eaten the fhoulder of the wolf, but left the fox's head, which I placed in the middle for a bait. Hayes and the refl of his crew were employed in bringing the feal-nets from where they lay, and coiling them on the heads of fome empty hogfheads before my door. There have been fo much fnow and drift of late, that we cannot keep our traps clear. Severe frofl, with drift, and much fnow. All hands went round the traps ; a yellow-fox was caught FrMj>;l2-by the nofe laft night, in the one, out of which the fox was eaten yeflerday. The wolf came again, and was caught in one of the others, which held him till I came and fhot him through the head. On examination, I found him to be a very flout, old, grizzled dog, with one fore-foot cut to the bone and s. w.untt. feftered; being one of thofe that broke out and eleaped on the fecond inftant. I had alfo a good crofs-fox in another. Great plenty of foxes ftirring every where, and fettle wolves had been about Muddy Bay laft night. A clear A clear morning with fevere froft, it fnowed from noon, and then the froft abated. One of the eaflern furriers, Jack, and I vifited our traps; Jack had two yellow-foxes. The weflern furriers went out, but the feverity of the weather drove them home again. All the animals which we have caught fince the new year commenced, have been quite lean : what we had before, were very fat. The frofl was fo fevere to day, that, although Jack brought his fox home alive* he was froze quite hard, from his nofe end to his eyes, and his tongue was much froft-burnt. This has been the fevcrefl day wTe have yet had. Stopping to frefh tail a trap was at the rifk of fingers and toes: for the inilant a bare hand came in contact with a cold trap, it was burnt almoft equal to what it would have been by a red hot one; and it was impofli-ble to keep our eyes open, without continually rubbing them, for the lafhes froze together the in flan t they touched each other. Such fevere weather totally deftroys all fcent; for I have obferved foxes pafs clofe to leeward of a good bait, and not wind it; for, if they had, I fhould have known by the alteration of their ftcp. There is alfo another di fad vantage from the feverity of the weather; the fnow becomes a(» light and fine as meal, and drifts with every puff of wind, fo firmly over the traps, that they cannot flrike up. A clear day, with drift. Clear in the morning, and fnowed in the afternoon, with fevere frofl, and much drift. All hands went round the traps, which were found drifted up; I had a raven's beak in one, and a marten had been caught in the fpring-fnare, but carried it off by cutting the line. My feet were on the point of freezing the whole time I was out, although although they were well defended by flannel and Indian boots: <—^(T""* the little finger of my left hand was burnt from end to end, by January, touching a trap as I was tailing it; but I foon took the frofl out by the immediate application of fnow. This accident brought a couplet of Hudibras to my recollection: he fays, "And many dangers fhall environ, " The man who meddles with cold iron;" which fo tickled my fancy, that I could not help repeating it all the refl of the day. I never faw fo great a run of foxes as there was in my walk lafl night; but it was impoffible for a trap to ftrike up. Nor did I ever in all my life experience fo fevere a frofl as to-day, which made me regret the want of a thermometer. The fky was clear, and the fnow drifted fmartly. We again vifited the traps, and the eaflern furriers had a Tuefday t$, yellow-fox. m*ds.w. J , moderate. A clear day, but dull in the evening; it froze hard in the morning, but as the day advanced the frofl decreafed. On vifiting our traps wc found one was broken in Muddy Wednef. 17. Bay by a wolf. The eaflern furriers had a yellow-fox; very few going laft night. I tailed another fhare where the one was cut away the fifteenth inftant. All the tickles are froze up with the late fevere weather, except a few fmall holes in the flrength of the tides. A clear fine day. Hard gales with much fnow and drift; it froze moderately. Thurfday 18. A'. E. All hands went round our traps; I fhifted five of mine, Friday 19. and Jack had a marten; they were all drifted up. w.fmart. A clear day, much drift and lharp froft. Vol. II. T We ,-—i We examined the traps as ufual, and Jack went for a fpring j^Lry. fnare, which I tailed on Earl Iiland the fecond inflant; but a Wild ° marten being caught in the fnare had carried it off alfo. The w. frejk. tickles are opened again by the fpring tides. Much drift and fevere frofl in the morning, more moderate afterwards, and a fine evening. Sunday 21. A clear, pleafant day, with fevere frofl. I made prepara-w. moderate ^Qns fa a cvulfe on a party of pleafure. Monday 22. At half pafi feven this morning, taking four men with me, and our provifions on two Nefcaupick lleds, one drawn by two Newfoundland dogs, the other by two of the men by turns, I fet off for Illhmus Bay, and arrived there at half pad three o'clock. We went to the beft inn in the place, which was a fpot of flrong wood, under a hill on the weft fide, and there made a good fire, by which we lay. By the way, we met with two crofs-foxes in a couple of my traps, and faw a filver-fox by the South Hare Ifland, and alfo fome old tracks of wolves. Clear, mild weather all day, and till midnight. Tuefday 23. At one o'clock this morning, it began to blow, fnow, and drift n. e. hard. excee(jingly hard, infomuch that we could not go out of the wood. Wednef. 24. At five this morning the gale and drift abated, but it com n.w.jtrong, tinued to fnow till ten o'clcck; we then went out, croffed the ^derate, bay and walked upon the cape land, but faw neither deer nor frefh flot; from which I conclude that they are gone upon tatm. the outer iflands. From the top of Mount Marten I could not fee any water at fea, although I could plainly difcern Wolf Ifland, which is thirteen leagues off. We returned to our quarters at three in the afternoon, when it began to fnow again, and n. w. jv. little. and held it all night. We obferved, that a fox had been very near the fire; and, although the dogs were tied up there, he had the impudence to gnaw a hole in a bag and carry off a piece of pork. It continued to fnow till half paft ten this morning, when Tliur{aay 25« it cleared up and we fet off homewards. The fox came again catm. laft night, and we having fecured our provifions, he revenged w himfelf by cutting the harnefs from the lied, and carrying it off; together with a racket, which diftreffed us not a little, however we repaired the lofs in the beft manner we could. The day was fevere, the wind in our faces, and the fnow foft, which made it laborious walking. Finding the people could not keep pace with me, I pufhed forward by myfelf, and felt very flout until I palled Black Head; but then, the fnow growing lighter and deeper, (by being fheltered from drift) I funk up to my knees even in Indian rackets, and foon was tired fo completely, that it was with the utmoft difficulty I got home; and even when within gun-fhot of my own houfe, I was almofl ready to lie down and give it up. I got home at half pafl five in the evening, and fent four men to meet the others, who did not get in till eight o'clock, and were as much tired as myfelf; had I not fent them afliflancc, they mofl likely would have pcrifhed. The diftance from hence to Iflhmus Bay, I judge to be fifteen miles. A good filver-fox was brought out of one of my traps on Monday, and Jack had a white one on Wednefday. A clear day, with low drift, and fevere frofl. Hayes and Jack vifited their traps, and each of them had ^'fyjf^ a marten. Some fnow and drift, with fharp weather. All hands went round our traps; the weflern furriers had Satu"%s7' T 2 one Sunday 28. N.frejk. Monday 29. N. N. IV. Tuefday 30. N. W. Jlrong. Wednef. 3*, W. little. February. Thurfday 1. calm. W. Utile. one carried away, and four of mine were flruck up; there were a good many foxes going. Dark, mild weather till one o'clock, and then fnowed, drifted and froze very hard for the rell of the twenty-four hours. Dull, fevere weather. Notwithflanding the weather is fo extremely fevere, yet the cold feels healthy and pleafant; much more fo than the winters of Europe; nor does it ever caufe a perfon to (hake. All hands went round the traps; the eaflern furriers had a grizzled wolf, the weflern ones found the trap which they loft on Saturday, with the toe of a fox in it. A clear day, with fharp froft, but very warm and pleafant in the fun, and under the wind. We vifited our traps again to-day, and the weflern furriers had a wolvcring: feveral foxes had been going about the traps, but I cannot keep them in order by reafon of the fnow drifting fo much. Hazy weather, with much drift, and fharp frofl. Upon examining our refpe&ive walks, I had a crofs-fox, and Jack fhot a fpruce-game. The eaflern furriers took four traps out of Hayes's cat-path down towards Goofe Cove. Clear the fore part of this day, and the latter part hazy, with fevere frofl the whole of it. The bufinefs of this day was as follows: the eaflern furriers had a crofs-fox and carried out two more traps from the cat-path. Alfo, Jack fhot a fpruce-game, A prodigious number of foxes had been every where. The glare of the fnow was offenfive to my eyes to-day, for the firft time. Clear, and very warm till the evening, when it became dull and fnowed, AU. All hands vifited their traps; Jack had a good filver-fox; a < ^—i great run lafl night again, but they are very fhy at the traps. February: Clear, till noon, cloudy the refl of the day, and a little fnow mndlaiii in the evening. w.fnjh. calm. The eaflern furriers, Jack and I, vifited our traps but got Saturday 3. nothing; one of the weflern men attempted to go his round w.jirong.-but the feverity of the weather obliged him to turn back. I n.w.hard. returned by the back-fhore and had great difficulty to flem the wind; and in crofling Signal Hill, my whole forehead was much burnt, but on the application of fnow, it went off again. A clear fky; it drifted very hard, and froze feverely. Much drift in the morning, but it abated afterwards, and Sunday & the frofl was fevere all day. NjtrongW' All hands went round the traps. A great many foxes were Monday going every were lafl night, but they were very fhy; they dug 5-at feveral of my traps. I killed a fpruce-game with ball, and 'mik. ' miffed a groufe. Cloudy till noon, and clear afterwards, with intenfe frofl all day. All hands went their rounds; the eaflern furriers had a wolf, Tuefday 6. and one of them burnt his ear. A great number of foxes were going in my walk, but they were all very fhy. At night William Mather (the head cooper) came down from Paradife to defire two men might be fent there, to allift the crews; he fet off this morning about half pafl nine o'clock. A clear fky, with intenfe frofl. calm. calm. The furriers vifited their traps, but got nothing; I flayed Wednef. 7, the at home to difpatch the cooper. n. w. /"i • it* m r» j i moderate. Continual fnow, and the froft abated. »776* February. Thurfday 8. Wind N. by E. moderate The cooper, wii.h one furrier from each walk fet out for Paradife. There are now only Martin Kidney, Patrick Hayes, Jack, and myfelf left with traps; for I took off John Hayes from the cat-path on the firft inftant, and abandoned it, as it did not anfwer. We all took our refpeclivc walks, and I had a yellow fox. Dark, mild weather with a little fnow. Jack and I went our rounds : there were not many foxes going laft night, or their tracks were drifted up. A good deal of fnow and drift, with moderate froft. Early in the morning I was attacked with a violent complaint in my bowels, and continued fo all day, but in the evening I was better. Jack went round my traps and his own, but got nothing : Martin Kidney had a marten ; and a wolvering had carried one of his traps a long way into the woods, and at laft had eaten himfelf out. Clear, with fharp froft. I was very indifferent all this day and did not get up till four in the evening; but after eating a comfortable mefs of wolf broth, with a little of the boiled meat, I became fomewhat better. It fnowed and drifted hard all day. Monday 12. jack and I went round our traps, but got nothing; they A. jironS. wcrG aj| drifted up, and one of mine is buried fo deep, that I moderate, fcarcc gno\it till the middle of May. Friday 9. N. frejk. Saturday to. N. moderate, calm'. Sunday n, N. £4 hard. Tuefday 13, 5. A clear day, with fharp froft, and much drift in the morning. All hands vifited their traps; the weflern furrier had a yellow-fox, and, Jack and I had a marten each. He afterwards went went to Diver Ifland, where he faw the tracks of many foxes, <— one of a white-bear and two of wolves; and in Sandwich Tickle, February, he faw feveral winter feals. The eaflern furrier and another w. moderate. man went to Huntingdon Iiland, but faw nothing. A clear day, with fevere frofl. All hands went their rounds: lack had a fine fdver-fox, I Wedncf. 14. l. J w. little. had a crols-fox, and P. Hayes a yellow one. Jack brought home two traps and carried them to Diver Ifland, where he u.w.frrjki tailed them for foxes. A clear day, with hard frofl. Early this morning I fent Martin and J. Hayes on a cruife to Thurfday *$, White-bear River ; another man went to Martin s traps, and the w- refl of us vifited our own. P. Hayes had a yellow-fox. Jack s. w. frejhi carried another trap to Diver Illand, and I fhifted feveral of s./rejiu mine. A clear, fevere day. P. Hayes, Jack, and I went round our traps; Jack brought Friday 16. home three of his from the fouth fide of the harbour, and had a good crofs-fox on Diver Ifland. In the evening, a wolf came 5- w- before my door, I laid the greyhound on him, and followed n. w. him with my gun in hopes the dog would bay him, but the wolf made a running: fight, and the dog durll not clofe with n.n-w, * b ' & little. rum. Very mild weather all day ; dull and lowering till the evening, it then fnowed fa ft in fmall flakes. Jack, P. Hayes, and I went round our traps; the former Saturday 17. carried the three which he brought home yeflerday to Diver w'^rcns-Ifland. As I was returning home, I difcovered a wolf at one of Hayes's traps in Great Marlh; I watched him with my glafs, and W.frtjh. N. W. r—^—1 and faw him go a great number of times round it, trying to February, rob it from every fide, but without accompli!hing his purpofe; _ivivd he then went to another, which he tried in the fame manner, frfk> but not fo long, and afterwards turning into Laar Cove, took my footing, and robbed fix of my traps in fucceiTion, by digging at the backs of them. I waylaycd him at the feventh, and waited for him as long as the feverity of the froft would permit me, and fhould have killed him, could I have remained there a little longer; but being almoft frozen flfiffj I walked jlrong. gently towards him, and when he perceived me, he went off into the woods. I loft another trap in the drift. A clear day, with very fharp froft and much drift both morning and evening. Sunday 18. After breakfaft, I took Jack with me and went round my w. by n. traps, in expectation of finding the wolf in one of them, but hard, was difappointed. It froze and drifted fo very hard, that we had great difficulty in getting home again. Monday 19. The weather was fo bad to-day, that we durft not venture w. n. w. our nofes out of the houfe, for fear they fhould not find their way in again. Jlrong Tuefday 20. p. Hayes, Jack, and I went to our traps; the former faw a wolf in Great Marfh, and two others were all round, and frc/it. even walked over my houfe laft night; one of them vifited fome of my traps, robbed the fpring fnare, and cut the line it was tied by. Three were about Jack's traps on Diver Ifland: in fliort, they are now fo very plentiful, that their tracks are to be met with every where. This afternoon, the two men, whom I fent out on Thurfday laft, returned without killing any thing: they faw a flout white-bear on Sandwich Bay the day day they left this place, and purfued him to Red Iiland, and <—*~*> then went to the boat-builder's houfe at Paradife. The next vl^Vi day they went down the bay, and lay on the north fide of Cooper's Cove; and on Saturday they got to White-bear River, where they faw much flot of deer. All Sunday and Monday they were confined to their fire-fide by bad weather, or they think they fhould have flood a good chance for fome venifon. This morning, they left White-bear River, their provifions being expended. They faw the frefh tracks of wolves every where. A clear day and fevere frofl with fome drift. All hands vifited their traps; fome wolves had been round w«toe£ 21. Wind. W. S. W, Jlrong. them all, and P. Hayes had an old grizzled one. At three o'clock in the afternoon, as I was Handing at the door, I obferved a wolf going down the tickle, by the fide of the water which is not frozen, and flop at the lower end. Taking my gun and dog I went towards him; but he never took the leafl notice of the dog, until he got within a few yards of him, and then went off in a gentle canter, making a running fight: the dog foon left him and went to the water fide; at the fame time I faw Jack creep down and fire a lliot, which I fuppofed was at a feal. When I returned home, the boy foon after came in and informed me, that the wolf had chafed a deer into the water, and that it was flill there. I went with him immediately, and fhot it through the head: it proved an old, dry hind, was with calf and very fat; the head and carcafs weighed one hundred and fifty-five pounds. Dull, mild weather with much drift. Jack and I went round our traps, and he brought home three, which were all that remained on the fouth fide of the Thur% harbour. Thank God, I had fome venifon for dinner to-day; N\N']V-Vol. II. U having hard. «—having fcarcc tailed any thing for thefe ten weeks pafl, except February, white-bear, wolves, and foxes. I have fo great a diflike to faked meat, that I would rather eat any animal whatfoever that is frefh, than the beft beef or pork that is faked. A clear day; fevere froft with much drift. All hands vifited their traps. A great many foxes and wolves had been in Huntingdon Harbour, and about Diver Ifland; all the traps at the latter place were robbed, and many of the others; but they were fo much drifted over that they could not ftrike up. Jack carried out and tailed thofe which he brought home yeflerday. Severe froft and clear till noon, dull and mild afterwards. Friday 23. Wind w.s. W. frejk. W. N. W. tittle* Saturday 24* I went with Jack round Diver Ifland: a wolf had vifited fe-mdeuite veral of his traps, and had been caught in the laft, but had got out again. At the weft end of the ifland we met with the frefh flot of a deer, which I followed to the top of the wefterninoft hill, where I obferved a wolf had attacked a deer; and, from obferving fome ravens, I believe he had killed it in the woods on the north fide; but the weather then coming on fo exceedingly bad, I made the beft of my way home, and was met by jiomy. f°ur mcn vvho were in queft of me. After fome difficulty in finding the road we arrived fafe. I obferved that numbers of foxes and martens traverfe the woods on that ifland, in queft of fpruce-game and rabbits; which, from their tracks, muft be very plentiful. P. Hayes looked at my traps and his own, and brought a rabbit out of one of mine. Martin went to Muddy Bay, and faw the frefh flot of a deer at the narrows. Jack was froft-burnt on one of his wrifts, but the application of fnow foon took it off. A clear morning, but afterwards dull, and at one o'clock it began to blow and drift exceflively hard. A fevere froft all day. Jack S. little. Jack faw feveral bedlamers in Cartwright Tickle. r- \ i A clear day, with fevere froft. February. Sunday 25. All hands vifited their traps: fome foxes and a wolf had been Monday 16. at feveral of mine, and the latter robbed fix. I fhifted three mni"*+ fmall, and one of the large ones. The weflern furrier brought the wolvering which ate himfelf out of a trap on the tenth inflant. He alfo went upon the fouth-weft part of Earl Ifland w.iutu. in quell of deer, but faw none, nor any frefh (lot; nor could he perceive that they ever made any flop there, but croffed in a line between Mealy Mountains and the high land of Dykes River. Plenty of wolves had been about Diver Ifland, and below Black Head. Clear, with fevere froft until the afternoon; cloudy and mild afterwards. All hands went round their traps. Wolves vifit them every Tue% ■7« . W. Jlrong, night, but are fhy; when they can rob them from behind, they do; if not, they leave them. I caught a groufe alive in my hands, on Signal Hill, as it was flceping with its head under its wing, and tethered it behind one of my traps, and tailed the other large one for a, wolf. 5 fr Cloudy, mild, thawing weather; the fnow wet and a little moderate. rotten. This is the firft thaw which we have had fince the twenty-fifth of November. P. Hayes, Jack, and I went to our traps: the former had a vvedncf. 28. yellow-fox; feveral had been in his walk, and fome wolves round all. A marten had carried off the groufe which I tethered yeflerday, and I faw three more on Signal Hill. At fix in the evening all Smith's crew came down to make a complaint again!! him. Cloudy till two in the afternoon, then it began to fnow hard, which continued for the remainder of the day: gentle froft. U 2 All N. E. hard. t77G. February. Tlnulilay 29. Wind S. E. moderate. March, Friday 1. N. hard. Saturday 2. a'. W. moderate. Sunday 3. ar. N- W. little. Jlrong. little, Monday 4. W. moderate. All hands, except myfelf, went to their traps, and Martin had a lead-coloured fox. Early in the morning I fent Jack in queft of the groufe which I faw yeflerday, and he foon returned with them all. I frayed at home to hear the complaints of the builders' crew, and to write to him on the fubject. Cloudy, mild, thawing weather all day; but in the evening it began to fnow and freeze. Jack went to one of his traps on Earl Iiland and brought a rabbit: on examining it, I find the white coat is an additional one which it got in autumn, and will lofc it again in fpring; it is compofed of long, coarfe, king-hairs: the fummer fur-coat remaining underneath, and retaining its colour. Clear, fharp, frofly weather, with much diih all day. * At fun-rife I fent the Paradife people away. All hands went round their traps, but molt of them were drifted up, feveral robbed, and one of mine was flruck up by a wolf: many foxes had been in Muddy Bay, and plenty of wolves in the other walks. Jack faw the Hot of a large herd of deer, which had gone down Sandwich Tickle, and feveral wolves after them. A clear day, with fharp froft. Martin and P. Hayes walked this morning to the back of Earl Ifland in quefl of deer, where they faw much frefh flot, and the tracks of many wolves; the latter went afterwards to his traps and brought a crofs-fox. Jack looked at fome of his own traps, and my two large ones ; he faw fome more frefh flot of deer in Diver Tickle. Dull, fharp, frofly weather all day; it drifted hard the middle part of it, and was clear at night. All hands went round their traps: Jack found the carcafs of a feal buried in the fnow on Diver Ifland. Wolves and foxes having having frequented the place a good deal, he tailed a couple of <—^—» traps near it. Martin returned over part of Earl Ifland, in m;irch- hopes of meeting with deer, but faw none: many foxes had w.s.iv. been in Muddy Bay. I had the fnow thrown off my houfe; it mfirMe' being drifted over very high. moderaU* Clear till noon, then grew hazy, and drifted till the evening. Severe frofl all day. I went round my traps; a wolf had been in one of them, and Tuefday 5. after carrying it to fome diftance into the woods, in which he N- w-hard' was much hampered: he had gnawed down feveral young trees as thick as my ancle; and got out, with the lofs of one of his toes. Severe frofl, with much drift all day. I fent four hands off early this morning, to Huntingdon, and Wednef. 6. Bald Ifland in queft of deer. Jack and I went round our traps; , 5-littlc-I had a marten, and tailed two traps in my walk, which P. Hayes brought yeflerday out of his. s' E-frc^* Dull, with fharp frofl till noon, which then abated, and it began to fnow; at three o'clock it changed to fmall hail; and at five cleared up, and proved a mild evening. Jack went round his traps, and I examined half of mine; Thurfday;. when, meeting the deer hunters, and the waiting being ex- J;J^ cccdingly bad, I returned with them. They met with the frefh flot of fix deer yeflerday, foon after they got upon Huntington Ifland, and followed them to the ealtward, until the weather forced them to take flicker in the woods. This morning the fnow was fo rotten, they could not walk on the Ifland; therefore, they made the beft of their way home. modcrate. There was fo free a thaw lafl night, that the roof of my houfe leaked, and much fnow was gone off the ground by daybreak. The ar. IV. fmarl. ,-—s The weather continued mild till ten this morning, when March* we had a fmart fhower of hail, after which it froze fharply. FriJ7 ]v. ^ hands went to their traps j Martin flruck his up, and brought two of them home; P. Hayes brought three of his, fm Wi and I had a filver-fox. I fet the peopie to fell and hew kiliick a', n. w. claws. Sharp frofl, a clear forenoon, but hazy afterwards. &tu%> p. Hayes, Jack, and I went round our traps; the former brought in two of his, and left them in my walk : three wolves had been round Jack's walk, one had looked at a trap of mine, but did not like it. Small fnow and gentle frofl till noon ; it drifted hard, with clear, fharp, frofly weather afterwards. Sunday 10. After breakfaft, I took a wTalk to the fouth fide of the har-KWJfok k°ur witn Jonn Hayes, to look for timber to build a ftore-houfe : we found almofl as much as would do, but it is ftrag-gling; there is none good, (except for wharf-building,) near the water fide in this harbour. A clear, fevere day. Monday u. Early this morning. I fent Martin and another man to Bald 5. w. frejhi jQand m queft of deer; they returned in the evening without having feen any thing but the tracks of two large white-bears, which had gone from thence to Huntingdon Ifland, and fome old flot of deer which had gone there alfo from Groufe Ifland. Jack and I went to our traps; a wolf had vifited feveral of mine, but robbed none; I faw a brace of groufe on Signal moderate; Hill, and in the evening I fent Jack after them, but they were gone. A clear, fevere day* P. Hayes, P. Hayes, Jack, and I vifited our traps; a wolf had robbed one of mine and looked at fome others. I alfo went to Laar March. Pond, and from thence to the top of a high hill, which lies between it and Goofe Cove, from whence I had a good view Zo&raZ' of the country round about. It is very mountainous, with but few ponds or marines, and covered with bad wood, which is chiefly fmall, old, Hunted, black-f pruce. I obferved a chain of ponds, or marfhes run from the fouth fide of Goofe Cove, acrofs to Table Bay; a fmall part of which, I could fee. The Gannet Iflands on one fide, and Wolf Iflands on the other were plainly to be difcerned, but there was no water in fight. From the Gannet Iflands inwards, the ice was new made, and clear of fnow; without, was the main jam, perfectly firm. To the northward, the coaft is low, with many fmall iflands; from which I judge it would be dangerous to navigate from hence to fea that way. On the hill there was much tracking of groufe, and fome of fpruce-game in the woods; alfo, figns of porcupines, but I could find none. I was pleafingly entertained with the melodious finninsrof the crofs-beaked linnets; they remain all winter with us, and feed on the feeds of black fpruce. What made their mufic more agreeable, was the novelty; this being the firft time that I have heard the note of any bird this year, except the jay, which chants its fliort, coarfe tune every mild day through the whole winter. Clear till three o'clock, but grew dull afterwards, and there was much lefs frofl than yeflerday. P. Hayes, Jack, and I went round our traps; the former had Wedn«f. t$, a fpring of one of his fingle-fpring traps broken by a wolf, and another wolf had eaten a filver-fqx out of mine: it is very remarkable, that, that trap has caught five filver foxes this winter, and nothing elfe. I tailed three more traps in my walk, and fhot a groufe. Much N. N. E. hard. fujk. 1776, March. Thurfday 14, Wind W. S. W. Jlrong. Mi. Much drift with fnow this morning early.; clear, with fharp froft the reft of the day. P. Hayes and I vifited our traps; he brought in the remainder of his, and left them in my walk. In the afternoon, two men came from Paradife with letters from,the headman there. As I was going to bed to night I perceived myfelf to be attacked with the fcurvy. I have long had fome trilling complaints, to which I have paid no attention ; but why I fhould now have the fcurvy I cannot imagine, as I have tailed very little falted flefh, or fifli for thefe twelve months pafl; have drank great plenty of good fpruce-beer, but no drams of any kind, nor have I been the leaft heated with liquor; I have ufed a great deal of exercife; having walked out every day that a man dare fhew his nofe to the weather, unlefs detained by indifpofition, or bufinefs; neither of which has often happened, and I was always out from three to fix: hours; fome times more. Much drift in the morning, cloudy the reft of the day; moderate froft. Friday 15, JV. Ar. Ei Jlrong. Early this morning I fent the Bay-men off. Jack and I went round our traps; my old plague the wolf had flruck up one, and robbed two more: I believe this fcoundrel is one of thofe which got out of fome of the traps before, as he follows me every night, and is fo cunning that he will not go fair upon them; but if he docs not take care of himfelf, I will be the death of him yet. I tailed two more traps in my walk. Drift and fnow with fharp frofl. Saturday t6. Jack and I went our rounds; he had two martens, and fome of my traps had been robbed by foxes, of which there had been a good run. I tailed another, which make thirty-uuk. four fmall, and two large ones. Severe variable.' Severe froft in the morning, lefs, the refl: of the day; clear, with hot fun, and very warm out of the wind. This being St. Patrick's day, the people as ufual, got beaflly drunk. I fent Jack round my walk, and he brought the fore-half of a good crofs-fox; the curfed wolf had eaten the refl. I walked to the water-fide in the tickle, where I faw two bed- s-moderate* lamers and fhot at them both, but miffed. A cloudy day with gentle froft. 1776. March. Sunday 17. Wind W. S. W. moderate. Monday i$g 5. W. little. Tuefdy 1 Qi MiV. E. little. Jack and I went our rounds, and he had a yellow-fox: the wolf Jaad been in my walk and robbed fuch traps as he could get at the back of. I faw a brace of groufe on Signal Hill. Small fnow and mild till two this afternoon; much fnow and it drifted hard, with fharp froft afterwards. Jack and I vifited our traps ; I fhot a groufe and tailed two guns for the wTolf, which had not been in my walk laft night, nor were there many foxes ftirring. The fealers began to fell timber for a ftore-houfe, on the fouth fide of the harbour. This was a very fine day, although it froze fharp; the fun has now got fo much power, that it gets the better of the froft, when the fky is clear and there is not much wind; which was the cafe to-day. Jack and I went round our traps; I fhot an American bullfinch, which is as large as an Englifh thrufh. They come here in fpring to breed, and leave us at the latter end of fummer; this bird was full of partridge-berries. Dark, mild weather with a little fnow. Jack vifited his traps; and I examined the half of mine. Thurfday ?.u Tweegock was taken very ill to day with a continual vomiting. ■ WJ- f* _ " A • / ¥ r ft tilt * Dark, thawing weather with fome fnow. Vol. II. X I went Wcdnet. 2t>. 5. frejh. I went round my traps; a wolvering had robbed one of the large ones, which was fo frozen that it would not ftrike up, and I had a marten in a fmall one: I brought home one of the guns which had got wet. Tweegoc is ftill very bad, nor has any thing which I have given her, been of the leaft, fer-vice. Dull with fmall fnow till two o'clock; moderate frofl with fome drift afterwards. Saturday tft, Jac^ ana< 1 went round our traps; he had a crofs-fox, and I n.n. iv. naci a wolvering in the fame trap which was robbed yeflerday; n. moderate. a marten had been in another but had efcaped. I brought home the other gun. The girl is no better. This was a very fine day; clear with moderate frofl. The girl is quite well to-day, and went about her work as Sunday a4. ufuaL w" This was quite the reverfe of yeflerday, for it froze fharply with much fnow and drift. Monday 25. Jac^ and I vifited our traps; I had a crofs-fox, and faw the s; !f- tracks of feveral others. The wolf returned lafl night, and jrejh. a robbed two; one of which he flruck up, and trod fairly on the other, (a large one) but it was too much drifted to flrike up. I faw fome fmall land birds; they are now returning daily. A great deal of fnow fell fince yeflerday morning; it drifted this morning, thawed in the middle of the day, and froze moderately afterwards; the fky was cloudy with breaks at intervals, at which time the fun fhone very hot. Tuefday 26. \ fent four men to Huntingdon Ifland to try for deer. Jack uttie. and I went round our traps; one of mine was flruck up by a N'K(iim1!' marten, and fome others robbed by it. Jack went to Loon Point, Point, where he faw many marks of otters, and abundance of winter feals in the tickle. Clear in the morning, dull the middle of the day, and fnow afterwards. In the evening one of the deer-hunters returned, having Wednef. 27. galled his heel; he faid that they had found a dead feal near ^pi&. Huntingdon Illand, with two foxes feeding on it, and that N N E, they had feen the flot of only one deer. jinmg. Much drift, fevere frofl, with fleet at times. Jack and I went round our traps; I had a marten's foot, faw Thurfday 28, the tracks of feveral others, and had the dead feal brought to htu* ' Laar Cove. At two o'clock the refl of the mooting party returned and brought three ptarmigans; they faw no figns of deer, but faid that foxes are in great plenty on that ifland, and that they faw feveral. Yeflerday there was a line of water along fhore about a mile broad; but to-day the drift-ice was clofe in again. The eldefl Indian woman, who is far gone with child by one of my people, appears to be aiflicled with the fcurvy. Clear in the morning, fevere frofl all day, and dull afterwards. It fnowed, drifted, and froze hard all day, but cleared up Friday 29. in the evening. J Jack and I went round our traps, and I had a marten, which Saturday 30. was fo hard frozen to the trap, that I could not difengage it Wfo * till it was brought home to thaw. Several foxes and ravens had been about the feal in Laar Cove: I took up three traps, and tailed them round it. A clear day with fevere frofl, and hot fun. X 2 Jack moderate. Jack looked at the traps which are about the feal; feveral MarV f°xes and a couple of wolves had been at them, but none Sunday 31. were caught; the traps being drifted up. A dark day, with fevere froft and much drift. hard. April We vifited our traps; I removed the feal into the woods, and Monday i, tailed one large trap and iix fmall ones round it: alfo removed frfi. the other large trap, and a Imall one which was by it a little farther into the woods, as they were too much expofed to drift. Clear, fevere froft, with fome drift: This has been by much the fevereft winter I have yet experienced on this coaft; but whether it be owing to my living a degree and a half farther north than formerly, or to the feverity of the feafon I cannot yet tell. It ceafed drifting at night. Tuefday 2. j fent one Qf ^ fealers and Jack to White-bear River, to try for deer, and to reconnoitre the country thereabouts. I went round my traps, and had a crofs-fox in one, another was robbed by a marten, and I fhifted two. Two men digging the fnow away from my houfe; it being even with the eaves at both ends, and much higher at the fides Clear, fharp, frofly, pleafant weather all day, but the frofl abated at niidit. taint. Wcdnef. 3. At three o'clock this morning Nooquafhock, the eldeft India. w.jTejh. woman, was taken in labour: my Ik ill in thefe matters, was iv ft w, now fairly put to the teft, for fhe had both a crofs birth and twins, frtJh' but at two in the afternoon, I delivered her of a brace of daughters. I then vifited my traps, and had a marten; another had been at the feal, but the traps were fo loaded with wet fnow, they could not ftrike up. Several foxes, and fome wolves had looked at many of them, but they would not meddle with any. Clear, Clear, fharp frofl in the morning, and it thawed freely during the refl of the day. April* Thick fnow, with gentle frofl tiH noon; a filver thaw and Thurfday4. fog for the refl of the day. I had four hogfheads'«of flops brought into the dining-room, Frida the flore-room being leaky. n. n.e-. Small fhow, fharp frofl, and much drift all day. hard. This morning the porch was drifted full up to the roof, for _ .... - li-i-i i • 1 1 Saturday o. eight feet in length within the door; infomuch, that we could k e. not get out of the houfe, until a couple of the fealers came and dug it away from the outfide, while my wooder and the women cleared it from within; the wooder was obliged to make his exit up the chimney to call for affiflancc. The filver thaw which we had on Thurfday, has made fuch very bad walking, that I am afraid the deer-hunters will be in great cliflrefs for want of provifions, unlefs they killed fomething on Wednefday; for they are twenty miles off, and I fuppofe have expended what they took with them. The weather was much worfe than yeflerday till four in the afternoon, when it cleared up, and became fine, I went round fome of my traps, and found fix of them rob- Sunday 7. bed by foxes, and live out of the feven about the feal, flruck 'fuJh* tip; a marten was in one, and a jay had been eaten out of another; the other three, I fancy had been flruck up by jays. At three o'clock the deer-hunters returned and brought a marten, which they had lhot as it was feeding upon their provifions. They did not get into the river till Wednefday, and the weather has been fo bad fince, that they could not itir from their fire except for a fhort time on Thurfday morning; they then 17g 1 tnen walked into the woods, where they found plenty of ex-Apni. cedent flocks. On their way thither they faw the tracks of an wind tittle. °ld white-bear with two fmall cubs, which went towards Mealy Mountains; and on their return to-day they faw a wolf going towards Eagle River. It was exceedingly bad walking to-day, and alfo very bad for the eyes; the fnow having a cruft on it which reflected as much as cut glafs, and every tree had afTumed a moft brilliant luftre, from the effect of the filver thaw. Six of my traps were drifted over fo as to be ufelefs for the prefent. Clear, with fharp froft all day; a little drift in the forenoon. Monday 8. Jack and I vifited our traps; a yellow-fox left a leg in one of N.moderate. mme. i followed him by his track, a long time in the w^oods, and once came fo near, that the dog winded him; but the fnow was fo foft and deep, that he bogged the in Rant he went before me. Some other traps were robbed, and many foxes were going, both in Jack's walk and mine. Dull, fharp weather. Tuefday 9. Jack and I went our rounds; I had a crofs-fox and feveral N'f!tjh.' other traps were robbed, but nothing had been in his walk. At noon five deer came down the harbour and croffed Great Marfh and Laar Cove, for Huntingdon Ifland; they croffed my track while I was looking at my traps at the bottom of the cove, and paffed within fhot, but I did not fee them. Dark, thawing weather all day; in the evening the clouds broke, and it began to freeze gently. Wcdncf. io. Jack and I vifited our traps; I had a marten, fhot a fpruce-N./rejh. game, and obferved the tracks of two wolves upon the flot of the deer which paffed yeflerday. Jack had a yellow-fox, and ten of his other traps were robbed. Dull, thawing weather, with fnow in the evening, jacj. Jack and I went round our traps; his dog caught a white- r~7^—» coat, but he let it go again. AprI1- ™ i_ 7 • t Thurfday 11. Clear, not, thawing weather. Wind variable. Jack went part of the way to his traps, and returned on Friday 12. account of the bad weather. I went to the tickle and tried 5- E- fre^' for fifh, but could not catch any. Sheers were fet up for the nets, and the fnow thrown off them. Martin went to Bald Ifland; he returned at dark with fix fpruce-game and informed me that the ice was ftill fall on the fhore, with fmall pools between the jam and the firm ice. In the afternoon I perceived a bitch white-bear, and a cub of laft year coming down the harbour on the ice; we all got our guns and waited until they came within half a mile of the houfe, when they winded it and turned off for Earl Ifland: I then flipped the greyhound, and we all gave chafe. As foon as the dog got near them, the old bear turned about and attacked him with the greatell fury; fhe made feveral ftrokes at him with her fore-paws, but by his agility he avoided the blows. He then quitted the bitch and purfued the cub, which he caught near the ifland and pulled it down, but was obliged to defift on the approach of the enraged dam. As he would not fallen on her behind, both of them gained the ifland at the time we got up within fifty yards of them, when two of the people fired, and I fnapped my rifle feveral times, but without effect, as the main-fpring I afterwards found wTas broke. Two of the people followed them for fome diftance into the woods, but, as they had not their rackets and the fnow was very rotten, they could not overtake them. Cloudy, thawing wreather all day, with a mild fliower of rain from ten to two in the afternoon; which is the firft we have had fince the fifteenth of November laft. Jack 1776. April-Saturday 13. IfindS. s. e. Sunday 14. variable. little. Monday 15. variable. little. Jack brought all his traps home; I vifited thofe of mine which are upon Signal Hill, and faw a groufe there. Dark, thawing weather all day; foggy at noon, and rain in the evening. The nets being thawed, I had them hung upon fheers. Jack accompanied me to the top of Signal Hill in the afternoon, and we fat there till the evening. A prodigious deal of fnow is gone off within thefe lafl three days. Dull, with fmall rain till two o'clock: broken clouds with fun, and very pleafant afterwards. Jack and I went round my traps, in which we found a filver fox and a marten, and I fhot a fpruce-game. I gave up twenty of them to him, confining my walk to the hill. It froze a hi tie lafl night, which made the walking very good till ten this morning. Clear, with a frofly air. Tuefday 16. Jack and I went round our traps; he fhot a fpruce-game, and brought the feal and fix traps to the hill, where I tailed them for foxes. Hazy, with fog both morning and evening; a flight frofl all day. E. S. e. little. Wednef. 17. e. S. e. little* Jack and I vifited our traps, and faw five groufe upon the hill. In the evening we perceived a good fox croffmg the harbour for Earl Ifland; we endeavoured to waylay him with the greyhound, but were too late. Dull and foggy, with gentle frofl till two o'clock, a little rain with thaw afterwards. Thurfday 18. I fowed fome muflard, creffes, and onions in a tub, and hung s. e. frejh. -t up m the kitchen. It rained all day, but cleared in the evening, I fent I fent four men to Dykes River with fome provifions, and they returned in the evening. Jack and I went round our April, traps; he fhot a groufe on the hill, where we faw five, and in w\Zw.' the evening he went there again and killed another; they arc moderate. beginning to change colour now. Several faddlebacks and a pair of eagles were feen to day; and from the top of the hill I could perceive that the ice was broken up on the outfide of Sandy Point. By the faddlebacks coming up here, I am cer- 5. w. tain that the ice is gone off the coafl, fo far as to leave a clear paffage all along fhore. A clear day, with gentle frofl. We went our rounds as ufual, and upon Great Marfh Jack Saturday *o faw a wolf flruggling in one of his fmall, double-fpring traps; but jull as he got up to him, one of the fprings came off and he got away. The boy then fhot him through the flank with a ball, and purfued him a long way into the woods; but not being able to come up with him, he turned up to the top of the hill which I was upon the twelfth ult. from whence he could fee that the ice was driven fome diflance off the coafl, and was broken up as high as the wefl end of the north Hare Ifland. He brought home a porcupine and a fpruce-game. At day-light I fent all the fealers to Dykes River, to cut timber for building falmon-houfcs there, but four of them returned in the evening. The tickles are daily breaking up flowly; the fnow goes off fall; and, as we have not had fo much as ufual this lafl winter, I expect it will all be gone early. Plenty of faddlebacks come up here, and there are now many flocks of fnowbirds. Hazy, cloudy, mild weather all day: there was a lhort, fmart fquall, with fleet at one in the afternoon. & E. Uttle. N. fmart. lit tit. Early this morning Jack went after the wolf, and met with Sm.d; him, not far from the place where he quitted his track yefter- & £ Vol. II. Y day: 6 —> day; but could not get a mot, although his dog kept dole to April. him for a long way, continually fnapping at him; yet he could not make him ftand at bay. The boy returned at feven in the evening, excellively fatigued, and brought a yellow-fox. At ten this morning as I was (landing on the point in the tickle, I obferved four deer, going from the north-welt point of Huntingdon I (land, for Sandwich Tickle. I endeavoured to waylay them at the well end of Diver Ifland, but in attempting to make a fhort cut acrofs Earl Illand, I was fo hampered by the fnow, which was both deep and rotten, that I was almoft fpent with fatigue; and before I got upon Diver Tickle they were upon the ice in Sandwich Bay, and had paffed over the very fpot at which I was aiming. I returned upon the ice all the way, and found exceedingly good walking; the fnow being all gone, and no water upon it. I lent the men back to Dykes River this morning. Cloudy, mild weather. Monday 2a. j went round my traps, and fat watching on the top of the hill for fome time, but law nothing. The drift ice came in N.E.frtJh. arrain, o Foggy, with a little licet in the morning early ; the middle of the day was cloudy, and it was clear in the afternoon, with fharp fro 11 all day. Tuefday 23. Jack and I vifited our traps; he had a yellow-fox, the leg of Bijr&* which I took off the eighth inilant. Foggy, dark, froMy weather; fome fmall hail in the morning, and it fnowed fall afterwards. Wednef. 24. Hard gales with fnow, drift, and fharp frofl all day; mode-tf. rate in the evening. (f Smart Smart drift with fome fmall fnow at intervals, and fharp r\^"6—* frofl all day; in the evening it cleared up and ceafed drifting. Agtl.^ WindNjrtJh Jack and I went round our traps; he had a filver fox and Friday 26. a wolvering. He alfo went on the top of Black head, where w. he faw much tracking of foxes. s. uitie. It was a fine day, although the frofl continued till the evening, when a thaw came on. One man came from Dykes River for provifions, and re- Saturday turned in the evening. It fnowed fail all day, although the weather was mild. Jack and I went round our traps; I fhot a groufe, he caught Sunday 28< a yellow-fox; and in the evening, he caught a fculping in the n. frefh: watering-hole. The drift ice is gone off again, and the fmooth ' c'alm ice broken up as far as Egg Rock: a hole opened to-day at the well end of this tickle. Clear, frofly weather all day; it fnowed and drifted after dark. Jack and I vifited our traps; he carried out another, and Monday 29. tailed it for an otter below Black Head. vn$kt Hazy till four, and it fnowed the remainder of the day. I examined my traps, but got nothing. At neon, a pair Tuefday $o. of geefe came into the tickle, and at two o'clock a brace of N> wolves came over from the fouth fide of the harbour, direclly towards the houfe; I waited to receive them at the door, but they either winded or faw the fmoke, and turned down the harbour before they came within fhot. I immediately ran to the top of Signal Hill, expecting they would get into fome of the traps, but they made a flreight courfe to Huntingdon Ifland. Y 2 I fent I fent Jack to try for ducks, and he faw plenty going to the northward, but killed none. Obferving a hind coining towards him as he was crofling the ice to Huntingdon Illand, he lay flat down, and fhe patTed clofe by him; but he did not fire, on a fuppofition, that fhot would not kill her; but he was miftaken: double Briflol Ihot will kill deer at any time of the year, at twenty yards diftance, or more, if they give a fair broadfide; now they are uncommonly thin. He followed her upon the ifland, and would have had a good fhot there, had not his dog mifbehaved. John Hayes and his crew returned in the afternoon, having finifhed their work. Hayes went to Paradife the twenty-firlt inftant, and faw the tracks of near a hundred white-bears which had lately croffed the bay, between South-eaft Arm and the head of the bay. A cloudy, cold day; foggy, with rain in the evening. Two men were digging the fnow away from the fouth fide of my houfe, as I intend making a garden there. Fog, and filver thaw till three in the afternoon, the remainder of the day was rainy. Jack vifited both my traps and his own. The remainder of the fnow was dug from the garden ground, fome of the hoops flowed in the porch, the nets were examined on the fheers, the vat-fluff fet up to dry, and the hogfhead packs carried out to Brocket Point. Obferving that all the feeds I fowed in a box on the eighteenth ult. were dead by giving them two much heat, I fowed fome radifhes and muflard afrefh. One of the people fhot a marten. A currant bufh is in bud. Much of the tickle broke up to-day, and feveral geefe flew by. Foggy, moifl, and very mild till three o'clock, but a fharp frofl after. Jack Jack and I vifited our traps. At fix o'clock this morning, I took my flation on the top of Signal Hill to watch for deer, May. which, at this time of the year, are generally travelling to the Fnday 3' northward. At ten I difcovered two hinds and a calf come w\-s'nWm round Black Head upon the ice, and make towards Great Marlh. I got within eighty yards of them and fired at one, but being greatly out of wind I miffed it. From thence they went out upon Cartwright Harbour and I followed; Jack headed them and turned them back, I then flipped the greyhound and we had a very fine courfe. The dog gained fall on them fo long as he had bare, rough ice to run upon, but he lofl ground when he landed, the fnow being both deep and rotten upon the ground. However, he purfued them acrofs the marfh and part of Huntingdon Harbour, but there gave them up, and they went to Huntingdon Ifland. I meafured the length of their flrokc at full fpeed and found it to be fixteen feet on an average, I fent two men downwards to fee how the ice was, and two more to Dykes River for the things which they left there ; the latter two returned in the afternoon, and the former in the evening. They went upon north Hare Ifland, from whence they could not difcern any ice in the offing, and they faw fome ducks flying to the northward. I had a fkiff calked and payed. A clear, mild day. Part of the garden ground was dug, fome more hoops flow- Sunday 4 ed in the porch, two feal-nets which were on the back fhore, were hung up to dry, and the fnow was dug away from the fkiff which lies there. I flationed one man on Signal Hill to watch for deer, and another on the fouth fide of the harbour to repeat his fignal, but none appeared. Foggy with fnow early in the morning, but afterwards it rained a little; cloudy and cold all day. calm. i776. May-Sunday 5. Wind variable, little. S. frcjh. Monday 6. E. Jlrong. N. E. hard. Tuefday 7. N. N. E; Jlrong. moderate. calm. Wednef. 8. W.frejh. Jack and I looked at our traps, and fat watching for deer for fome time, but faw none. John Hayes and his crew launched a fkiff into the water, and got her to Black Head. Clear and hazy till eleven o'clock, and dull till three, afterwards it rained. The Otter was fliored up afrefh. It fnowed all day, and drifted hard in the evening, with fharp froft. Jack went round my traps and his own. Some firewood was cut, and buoy-poles prepared to lay on the Tyrconnel Shoal. A great deal of the tickle is broken up fince yeflerday morning. Cloudy, with drift the fore-part of this day, clear in the evening. At three o'clock this morning I took John Hayes, his crew, Jack, the greyhound, and two Newfoundland dogs with me, intending to launch the fluff into the water, and go a duck mooting. As they were hauling her along, I went forward to Pumbly Point, from whence I difcovered a white-bear lying on the ice near Huntingdon Iiland; we left the fkiff, and all hands went towards him, but finding the ice extremely weak in the middle of the channel we flopped. I then fent one man round to drive him towards us: in. the mean time the bear went into a pool of water which was open near the ifland, and the man got on the other fide and fired at him; but as he did not come out fo foon as I expected, I fent the reft of the people back for the fkiff, intending to launch it into the water to him. He foon after got upon the ice, and came clofe up to me. I could have fent a ball through him; but I as wifhed to have fome fport firft, I flipped the greyhound at him, but he would not not clofe with him till the Newfoundland dogs came up; we then had a fine battle, and they flopped him until I got clofe up. As I was laying down one gun, that I might fire at him with the other, I obferved the ice which I was upon, to be fo very weak, that it" bent under me; and I was at the fame time furrounded with fmall holes, through which the water boiled up, by the motion of the ice, caufed by my weight. As I knew the water there was twenty-five fathoms deep, with a flrong tide, my attention was diverted, from attempting to take away the life of a bear, to the fafety of my own; and while I was extricating myfelf from the danger which threatened me, the bear bit all the dogs mofl feverely, and made good his retreat into the open water, which was at fome diftance lower down. Soon after he got upon the ice again, and made towards the brook in Goofe Cove, when we all gave chafe a fecond time, and fome of the people came up with him at the mouth of the brook, but he got into the woods, and they could not follow him for want of their rackets. While this was doing, Hayes made me a fignal, and I foon perceived eleven deer upon the ice, near Pumbly Point, coming downwards; I way-layed them at a point of one of the largefl iflands, but fhould not have had a fhot, had they not, when they came abreaft of me, feen the people returning from the chafe of the bear. An old fta«- men turned towards me and came within a hundred and twenty yards, when I fired and killed him dead; the refl, which were hinds and calves, then pufhed forward for Hare Ifland Tickle. We then broke the deer up, and made a very hearty meal on his humbles, which occafioned my naming the illand, Fillbelly. After which we hauled up the fkiff on Pumbly Point, and returned home with the venifon. In Goofe Cove we faw the tracks of feveral white-bears, and the flot of many deer; the latter had lately frequented fillbelly very much. As I came back I found the ice very weak, between Black Head and the 1776. May Thurfday 9. Wind W. N. W: moderate: N.N. E. Hale. Friday 10. 5. W. N. W. N. N. E. S. W. moderate. frrjli. the tickle, and fome of the people, in following my track, broke through, with one foot at a time, in feveral places. One of the Newfoundland dogs was bit through the ihoulder by the bear, and near being killed. On my return home, I found three men from Paradife, who were come to work here, provifions being fcarce at that place. It froze fharp till noon, and thawed freely afterwards. The day was clear, and the fun hot. At fun-rife this morning I fent all hands to launch the fkiif into the water and go a mooting towards Cape North. As foon as I arofe, I faw a wolf trotting up the fouth lide of the harbour. After breakfaft I went to my traps, and from the hill obferved another wolf come round Black Head; I way lay -ed him in his road to Great Marfh, but he either winded or faw me and turned into Laar Cove. I had fome venifon hung out to jerk. Cloudy, with fome rain and fleet, but clear in the evening, with fharp froft. After breakfaft I fent the Indian women to Signal Hill to pick partridge-berries and watch for deer. I then placed myfelf upon the ice, in the middle of the harbour, and at four o'clock they made me a fignal: foon after, feven deer came full gallop out of Great Marfh, but keeping near the north fhore, they paffed me at three hundred and fifty yards diftance. I then fired two guns without effect, and they ran up the harbour. They feldom travel fo late in the day, but, as the froft did not go off till the afternoon, they durft not venture on the ice before the furface of it was thawed, for the wolves can kill them with the greateft eafe upon flippery ice. Clear with fharp froft till one o'clock; hazy with thaw afterwards, and it fnowed faft at night. After After breakfaft, I went over Great Marfh, looked at Jack's traps there, and fhifted a large one : afterwards I fat till three o'clock watching for deer, and then returned by my traps, one of which I flruck up, for fear it fhould be carried into the water. In the evening a hind and calf came out of Salt Meadows and went up the harbour. At the fame time the people returned home, having killed nothing but a porcupine. They left the fkiff in a cove oppofite the fouth end of North Hare Ifland, and reported, that no ice was to be feen in the offing. Jack looked at fome of his traps in his way home, and had two martens. Clear, raw weather. I kept one man on the hill all day to watch for deer, another on High Point to take the fignal from him, and Jack to watch at Laar Cove to get behind them. In fetting one of his traps he was caught by the hand, and the teeth went quite through. Some fnow and drift till nine o'clock, but clear afterwards; hard froft all day. I kept one hand on the hill all day, who faw two deer or wolves going to the northward, but could not diftinguifh which. Jack went round his traps; he fhot a fpruce-game, and had part of the foot of a wolf, which had carried one of his traps about two miles into the woods. All the firewood was brought over from Earl Illand ; there were four fkiff loads of it. I fowed fome muftard, creffes, and parfley in the dining-room, behind the ftovc. Two men were watching deer moft part of the day, and the reft were bringing the wood up from the water-fide; after which, they threw down the banks of fnow which were on the fouth fide and weft end of my houfe. Vol. II. Z In 1776. May. Saturday Hi Wind N. W. frejk; N. H, El frefh- Sunday is. N. rV. E. pong. fmart. moderate, little. Monday 13. N. W. frejk, Tuefday 14, S. little. frefh. calm; 1776. May. Wednef. 15. Wind N. little. s. e. Jrtjk. Thurfday 16. N. N. E. moderate, fqually". frejh. Friday 17. w. Jlrong. W. N. W. ■moderate. Saturday 18. w. moderate. N. N. E. moderate. In the morning there was much fnow, fmall drifting fnow in the middle of the day, but the evening was clear, with fharp frofl throughout the day. Two men and Jack were watching deer all day. Fifteen feal-nets were flowed in the flore-room, fome more hoops put into the porch, the fur was hung out to air, and the remainder of the pelts were Ikinned out. The bridge of ice at the upper part of the harbour gave way to day, which makes clear water from the eafl end of the tickle to fome diftance above the narrows. A clear day, with fharp froft. One man watched the deer as ufual; the reft of the people were employed in cutting the ice round the fhalloway, and in junking up the fire-wood. Some hounds and a loon appeared to-day for the firft time. A little fnow in the morning, fome fleet and rain in the afternoon, and at night it rained freely; thawed all day. Stormy weather with drifting fnow till the afternoon, it then grew more moderate; ceafed mowing, but continued cloudy and dull the reft of the day, with fharp froft. A watch was kept for the deer. Jack went round his traps, and flruck them all up, except the two large ones, and brought in a wolvering. I had part of the garden manured and dug over again. I then fowed fome radifhes, turnips, carrots, onions, creffes, and fennel. Three more feal-nets were put into the flore-room, the remainder of the hoops were flowed away, fome empty calks were removed to Brocket Point, and one man drew fome of thofe oars, which were made at Ranger Lodge. A couple of men went to Earl Illand to take a view of of Sandwich Bay, which they found to be frozen yet, and no r""^Jj—1 appearance of its breaking up. Many eider-ducks, divers, May. fhags, and other water-fowl came up to-day. There are now ^nTm* only narrow bridges of ice which prevent Sandwich, Diver, ^trate* and Cartwright Tickle from communicating with the fea. A clear fky, hot fun, and fharp frofl all day. Jack removed the feals carcafs to the place where I caught Sunday 19. the wolf, and tailed fix traps round it. In the afternoon fome of the people went in a fkiff to the head of the harbour ; they x.w.jirong} faw plenty of geefe and black-ducks there, and killed one of 5. w. the latter. Sharp frofl all day, mild in the evening. moderate* At four o'clock this morning, I took all hands with me, and Monday 20, launched the fkiff which was here, over the ice into the water; Wt ***** I then took the other fkiff alfo, and proceeded to Blackguard Bay, there I detatched one of them into IflhmusBay, to make a fire arid prepare for the night, and went in the other towards Cape North. We tried fome iflands for eggs, but found none, E-uttie. and obferved that there were hares upon the large iflands. There were no clucks flying to-day, and but few in the bay; we killed four, as many groufe, two gulls, and a pigeon. The s.e. little main jam flretches away from within the outcrmolt Gannet, to the extremity of Black Iflands. We lay on the weft fide of Ifthinus Bay, at the fame place which I was at in January laft. A very fine day; clear, with a frofly air. Obferving that fix deer had crofied the neck of land yefter- Tuefday 21. day which we were upon, I fent two hands towards Table \Jd\r%. Bay, two more upon the Cape-land, five in one of the fkiffs a duck-fliooting, and kept one with me on the hill above our tilt to watch for deer. Thofe wTho went on the peninfula, met Z 2 a hind a hind on the ice coming towards me, but they turned her to uly.' the iflhmus. The other party faw eight deer crofs the ice from Ledge Ifland to one of thofe which form North Harbour; thefe two parties killed a porcupine and three groufe; the duck-fhooters killed a pair of ducks, and we killed another porcupine near the tilt. Hazy weather. WeoW. 2s. jn tne night it began to blow and fnow very hard, which , . e. contjnuecj ,d\i tnc r\-dys infomuch, that we could not flir out; M e. in the evening the gale abated, and it ceafcd mowing; a dull night. Thurfday 23. At f0ur tliis morning we fet off homewards. I landed on the well end of Great Ifland, and obferved it to be a very s- E- convenient place for a fifhing-room: from thence we croffed s.ihtie, over to Venifon Head, where two of the people landed and met with three deer, one of which they wounded, and drove into the water, where we killed it; it was a young hind. That place appears to be very much frequented by deer at this time of the year. We perceived the jam to come in fhore fall, and we are fure it mull be clofe in to the foulhward of us, s' as there are no ducks flying. On our return wc found a bridge of ice acrofs Huntingdon Harbour, but it was not above a hundred yards broad: we attempted to launch one of the f kills w.s. w. over it, but the broke in, and one of the men was near being Jr':/h' drowned; we therefore left both fkiffs under Black Head and walked home. Jack killed a brace of groufe and a black-duck. It thawed freely, and the fun fhone fplendidly for the great-ell part of the day. Friday m- Another part of the garden was dug. Jack went to his traps, but m, e. pong. nothing. Diver Tickle opened into Huntingdon Harbour. modnau. j^Qg^ rain, and fnow till four o'clock, clear afterwards. Huntingdon Huntingdon Harbour being broken up this morning, I fent <——* eight hands to conduct the fkiffs up, but it foon after blew fo May. hard that they could bring only one. After dinner four hands ^mld cut wood on Earl Ifland, and four others went to the head of N-little- the harbour to fee if Sandwich Bay was open, but they found jlrong. it ftill frozen up. They killed a black-duck, an eider-duck, lUtUt and a fhell-bird, A clear, frofly day. Four hands brought up the other fkiff, and hauled her up at Sunday 26. High Point. At low water I took the other fkiff with four hands, and founded round the point on which my houfe ftands. tutk I then went round the two fmall iflands, at the head of the ******** harbour, where I killed a duck and a fhellbird, and faw a great many geefe. The fore and latter parts of this day were dull; and it fnowed at noon. A fkiff-load of wood was brought from Earl Ifland, and Monday 27. fome manure laid on the garden. At eleven o'clock a brace of N-,w- E- o moderate: hinds paffed the houfe on the ice going upwards (the ftill part of the harbour being yet frozen up) I took a fkiff, writh four hands and Jack, and rowed up abreaft of the fmalleft ifland, where we landed and placed ourfelves at the edge of the wood by the fhore fide: we let the firft hind pafs, but I fired at the other and killed it dead; and with my fecond gun I fhot the firft as it returned, through the moulder, but it reached the woods, and we could not follow it for want of rackets, for there is ftill much fnow left there. As foon as we returned home, and the people had got their rackets, I fent them back after the wounded deer j at the fame time Jack went to his traps, and returned at fuii-fet with a good crofs-fox. I killed a black-duck near the houfe. Fog all day, fnow in the morning, and fmall rain afterwards. At tittlr: At fix this morning the people returned from following the wounded hind; two of them went upon the Hot, and the other Tuefday 28. tWQ Waji,cc[ rounc[ fhore for the head of Muddy Bay, where Wind , ' J e. Ar- e. they arrived a little too late; fhe had flopped in the woods, but upon hearing her purfuers, went gently on, and croffed the head of the bay in fight of thofe men who went there; they followed her to the fide of Dykes River, where fhe paffed, and fired a long fhot at her without effect:. They faw the flot of feveral more thereabout, all keeping the fame courfe. The quarters of the hind weighed a hundred and twenty-four pounds; fhe was very poor, and within a few^days of calving; flic meafurcd twelve hands: in my opinion the flags fland fix inches higher, and are fo flrong, that I firmly believe, they are able to carry a man; but deer will not endure a weight on their backs. It fnowed hard in the forenoon, and rained finartly afterwards. Wednef. 29. Early this morning both fkiffs went out to look for the feal-nets which we loft lafl fall, and they found part of one. After 5* E- breakfaft Jack and one man altered the large traps; two dug the garden; the taylor altered the boy's clothes: and I took the reft out with me in a fkiff up the harbour. Sandwich Bay is flill frozen over, but the ice is very weak. We killed two geefe, two loons, a duck, and a fhcllbird, and returned home in the evening. Fog and moill weather. Thurfday 30. At nine o'clock I went off in a fkiff with four hands, to lay e. moderate. tne buoys upon the Tyrconnel Shoal, but we could not find it. We landed on Egg Rock and Sadler's Ifland, on which we gathered eleven gull eggs, two geefe eggs, and one duck egg; and tailed a trap in the goofe nefl. Four hands went to Diver Illand, where they killed four ducks, and got two eggs out of an eagle's neft. Foggy with fmall rain. At tittle. At fix o'clock John Hayes and four hands went in a fkiff in ' T7^o~ fearch of the fhoal; they found it and laid four buoys upon May. it in three fathoms of water: he fays, it is not more than one Fr'tay31 J Wind acre, and had but one fathom on the crown. He brought a variable. pair of ducks. Jack went to his ottertraps, one of which had an otter in it, and the other was carried down near the water, where it was jammed between two rocks, and the otter had efcaped. He fhot a pigeon, and tailed another trap. Three men finifhed digging the garden, and fowed fome N.w.uuie, radifhes, onions, carrots, fpinach, and crelfes. I fhot a black duck. Foggy, with fmall rain till five o'clock; it then proved clear and warm for a little while, after which it grew cloudy. June. The two beft fkiffs were calked and payed, the polls of the Saturday u garden fence fet up, a fkiff load of firewood was cut and variahlt, brought home, the feals fat was chopped, the new falmon-ncts were examined, and other work was done. Jack went to his traps in Laar Cove and fhot three gulls. I lowed a quart of early Charlton-peafe. A clear day, with gentle frofl. After breakfaft. Jack went in my kyack to look for eggs. After Sunday 2.. dinner I went in a fkiff'with four hands to found the flats, and look at fome of the iflands there. We found but little water between Earl, Huntingdon, and Middle Iiland. We landed on Swallow Ifland and killed two geefe and a duck, and gathered four geefe eggs, one duck egg, and one gull egg: we obferved, that the Efquimaux had encamped on it. There will be great plenty of eggs on that ifland in a fliort time. We landed alfo on Shagg Ifland, where we found many nefts fcraped out, but no eggs. From thence we went to Loon. Point, where we faw two old Nefcaupick whigwhams, and obferved: that place little calm. place to be much frequented by geefe and black ducks; and there is a good rubbmgplace upon it. We waited there two hours for Hack water to crofs the tickle, and during that time, one hundred and four loons flew over it. In crofling the tickle, we were feveral times in danger of the ikiff being crufh-ed between large pieces of ice, which ran with great rapidity contrary ways, by reafon of the velocity of the tide, and the ftrong eddies occalioned thereby. We returned through Diver Tickle. I fowed fome French beans, Indian corn, barley, oats, and fome wheat of Quebec growth. A cloudy mild day. At ten o'clock Jack returned, and brought fix ducks, three fhellbirds, a gull, and fome old nails, which he got out of the wreck of an Indian fhallop, mat lie had burnt. Four new falmon-nets were brought to on rope, and corked ; alfo fome oars were finifhed. I fowed more early Charlton and fome Quebec peas. The radifhes which were fowed on the eighteenth ult. are appearing. ■ Dull, cold weather till near evening, the clouds then broke and it grew milder. At five this morning taking all hands and two fluffs, I went to the eaflward and fearched all the iflands on each fide of that paflage. Great numbers of neils were fcraped out on Fillbelly ; and Burnt Ifland was covered with partridge berries. On North Hare Ifland I faw the frelh flot of a deer, which had landed at the weft end and walked along the middle, and from the top of the higheft hill I difcovered it lying down upon the faddle of the South Ifland. I crofled over, fent my fkiff to call the other, and placed one on each fide, then crept up and killed it with my rifle. It proved a hind, which I believe was jufl going to calve. I afterwards drove both the iflands with with five men, but faw nothing more. John Hayes and his crew, {hot three bottle-nofed divers, and a duck; gathered feventy eggs, and found the remains of a goofe in the trap which I tailed on the thirtieth ult. One of the people in my boat killed a duck, and found an egg. We returned home at night, when I gave the people venifon for fupper, and fome rum to drink his Majcfly's health. The ftill part of the harbour opened all along the north fhore. It was clear and hot till noon, but cloudy and cold afterwards. Early in the morning, I fent live hands in a fkiff to Laar Cove Wednef. 5. to look for the nets, which we loit there laft fall; they found /Jj^ the foot-ropes of two, with the killicks and moorings, but the lennet was all rotted off: they alfo brought up the net which lay in the fnow on that fhore. The oil was melted out; it proved only twenty gallons. Four men were employed in clearing awTay the ice from the Otter. Four others went to Muddy Bay for the traps, and brought all but one, which being on the Other fide of Dykes River, and the tide out, they could not get at it. Jack went to his traps up the harbour and fhot a goofe. All the feeds are dead which I fowed in the box and placed in the houfe, but thofe which were fown in the natural ground, on the eighteenth ult. are all up, and look very healthy. I had fome fennel, wheat, rye, barley and oats fown in different fpots about Muddy Bay and Dykes River. All the harbour is clear of ice to-day. Fine warm weather. Jack flruck up all his traps in Laar Cove, and brought the Thurfday 6. , j Af, E.frefk* two large ones home. All hands were at work in calking and paying the fhalloway. Cloudy, cold weather all day, and rainy in the evening. Vol. II. A a Five Jlrong. Five hands were at wrork on the fhalloway, and the refl were gathering kilhck flones, cutting longers, and rinding birch. Jack went out a egging. The women and I threw the dry lilh out to the fun, and then flowed it in the flore-room. Clear and warm till two o'clock; cold and cloudy afterwards. Saturday 8. Four hands at work on the fhalloway; they finifhed calking n. e. fnjii. the flarboard fide and payed the feams. A fkiff went out in the morning for kilhck flones, and afterwards, thofe people were employed in the flore-room, which we re-flowed entirely. Jack returned in the afternoon with two ducks, and eight eggs. Dull, cold weather all day, and it fnowed and rained a little in the evening. Sunday 9. n. n.e, ■moderate. At eight o'clock this morning, I went out a egging with all hands. John Hayes went down the eaflern paflage, in one fkiff, and brought ten ducks, a tern, a gull, and a hundred and thirty-fix eggs; and four hands and Jack went along with me in another fkiff, over the Flats, and vifited fome of the iflands there: we brought in a beaver, a goofe, a bottle-nofed diver, five ducks, four flrangers, and three hundred and feventeen cg j . ° 17 7 ^ - mend the nets; alio four more to bring the fkiff back, and two >"<;• in another fkiff to help up with the provifions as far as the ^L'J^i _ 11 1 Hind i>. c. fealing-Ikiff, which they left near Duck Ifland the eleventh in-ftant. The latter men returned in the evening. We got up the Otter's malt, rigged and almoft loaded her. In the even-ing Jack went in the kyack and brought home both his otter-traps from Huntingdon Ifland; he had an otter in one, and another had efcaped out of the other trap. Fog and rain till the afternoon; cloudy and cold afterwards. Early this morning I fent four hands in a fkiff to Dykes Ri- xhuHHw 20. ver for the grind-Hone and tin kettle, which were left there s. w. imu. when the people were cutting wood; and with the reft I completed the lading of the Otter by nine o'clock ; then weighed and towed up the harbour ; but the tide turning before we got through the narrows, we were obliged to come to an anchor below the iflands, where the fkiff returned to us. At three ^ £ o'clock a breeze fpringing up, we ran through, and at nine were off the mouth of White-bear River, when we came to an anchor upon the fhoals until we found the channel, by founding in the fkiff; we then got under fail and ran above Dove Point, jJ#IL where we came to again, and moored at ten o'clock. Soon after the people whom I fent to Paradife yeflerday came on board and brought me a letter from Mather, in which he informed me that he had lately found one of the guns and a few other things, belonging to Jofcph Friend and his crcwr, not far from the place where the old punt lay when I arrived here laft year. A clear, warm day, but the nights are ftill frolty; nor have Ave had above three or four mild ones yet. At day-break wre found ourfelves fo near Dove Sands, that Friday 21, the anchor which we moored with, appeared out of the water. At At four o'clock I went off in one fkiff to found the north fhore June. of the river, and fent Smith in the other, to found the fouth wind fide: having afcertained the channel by nine o'clock, we weighed and ran up above the bar, where we anchored. I immediately ordered fix hands on fhore to cut timber for building, N.E./rejh aRd was S°inS UP to die falmon-leap myfelf, in the other fkiff, when we perceived an old Hag coming down on the fouth fide of the river: I Hepped into my kayck, got behind him and drove him into the water; where we chaled him with three boats, but by the mifmanagement of the people he got away. I was once within four yards of him, and muff, have killed him, but both my guns had got wet. I afterwards went up to the falmon-leap, which I found to be the moll magnificent and beautiful cafcade I ever faw; the river being full of water. I littk faw fome frefh flot of deer riear it, but the bears have not been there yet; I tried the fifh with fly, but could not flir one. We returned in the afternoon, and in the evening I winged a goofe, but did not get it. I obierved currants in bloffom, although they are not yet in leaf near my houfe. Clear, hot weather. mnd calms. Saturday S2. In the courfe of this day we cut much of timber, fet up the frame of the dwelling-houfe, and iludded part of it. Hazy and hot. W. little. Sunday 23. As I was ftepping into a fkiff to go to the falmon-pofl this morning, a Haggard was jufl going to crofs the river from the fouth fide, but our noife caufed him to turn down along fhore. I then got into my kyack, funk the wind of him, landed and got a bad fhot, but miffed him. After breakfaft I fent a fkiff for the kyack, but the tide had carried it away. One of the people went a little way up Springs Valley, and there faw a fttJlt' brocket. Four hands went up the river to dig a fpot for a garden, S. little. den; and I went with four more in another fkiff up the fouth-eall river. We found it full.of water, and fo ftronga current, that we could hardly row againll it. The fhores on each fide look very beautiful, and feem as if they had formerly been laid out by art, but neglected for fome years palt. We found two fpots of level, clear, rich ground which lay regularly in lands as if they had been ploughed formerly; they were covered with violets, and appeared to be feven or eight acres each. I killed a goofe, and faw fome old beaver cuttings. In the evening, I fent ten hands to bring up the Otter, and they got her about half way, when it fell calm, and they came to an anchor again. Hot, fultry weather. This morning I manned four fhims, and fent off two fkiffs crews a rinding: they found but few, and got only thirty nhches. Jack found my kyack near Dove Point, and brought it up. I walked down the louth Ihore to Spring Brook, where I found a good deer-path, and tailed a flip in it. Afterwards I went to the top of Birchy Ridge, from whence I had a good view of the country ; I fat watching there for feven hours, and difcovered a brace of deer feeding in Springs Valley: I got a fhot at the large!! and killed him; he proved an old flag, but the other was a young beatt. I alfo faw another old flag crofs the river from the north fide, land at High Point, and walk along fhore downwards. Every part of the country is fo much ufed by deer and bears, that there is no going ten yards any way without feeing figns of them. On my return to the Salmon Poft, I fent four hands for the deer.. Clear and hot all day ; rain at night. Eight hands were rinding; they got but fifty nitches. Five men were fetting up the frame of the falmon-houfe, but were foon 1776. June. Wind. N. E. moderate; calm. Monday 24, S. W. moderate,- N. N. W.- moderate. hard. Tuefday 25. N, E, 1776. June. Wind E. S. E. /reju calm. Wedncf. 26, w. s. w. moderate. Jlrong. Thurfday 27. W. IV. w. Jlrong. foon obliged to defift for want of nails; as I chofe to referve a few for the houfe on Eagle River. We got the fhalloway up to-day, unloaded her, and then moored her off in the flream. After breakfaft Jack went up the river to fow the garden there, and I fowed fome fennel-feed in five different places here; after which, wc went to look at the deer Hip, and I tailed another in a path leading to Eagle River, which had been very much ufed. Wc walkc 1 up and down every alder bed in Spring Valley, and in one of them we faw a ftout flag, but he difcovered us firft and inftantly made off, without giving us the chance of a fhot. Wc alfo faw a marten feeding on the paunch of the deer, which I killed yeflerday. A brace of foxes cruifing along the fhore of the river, I flipped the greyhound at them; but they ran into the woods. It rained in the morning, and was cloudy and cold the reft of the day, with froft at night. Early this morning, I took feven men and Jack in two fkiffs and went off for Eagle River: by the way, Jack and I landed on the fhore near Spring's Brook, took up the dcer-liips, and walked along fhore to Separation Point. In rowing up Eagle River, we found fo flrong a ftream, that we had great difficulty to item it. About four in the afternoon, we landed on the north fide, pitched our tent, and got our dinners; after which, I went up to the firft rapid, founded the river, and fixed upon the fpot for the falmon poll. Sharp froft at day-break, a cloudy morning and rain afterwards. . In the courfe of this day we cleared a fpot of ground to erect the buildings upon, and fet up the frame of the dwelling houfe. I tried the fifh to-day with fly, aud killed two falmon fmelts, but could not raife any thing elfe, although great numbers bers of flinks were continually leaping. From the quantity of < water which this river difcharges, and from the number of June« flinks, it mult be an excellent one for fifh. In the evening I walked through the woods to the top of the hill which is above Wnd us, but faw no trees fit for any other purpofe than ftage and houfe-building, and they are admirable for thofe ufes. Cloudy till noon, clear after. N. E. frejk. At fix this morning I fet off homewards in a fkiff with two Friday a8. hands, and ordered the reft of the people back to White-bear moderate. River. I landed on the north fhore of Sandwich Bay, under Mealy Mountains, and walked a mile or two: I faw feveral large trees near the edge of the wood, but they were all very knotty. There was a good bear-path along the fhore, which was much ufed by geefe. From the boat I could fee a great many fpots of large trees in the woods, fome diftance in. I killed a gozzard, gathered a few eggs on Diver Ifland, and got home at feven in the evening. Cloudy, cold weather. Early this morning I victualled the two men, whom I brought Satu^da£ *9* down yeflerday, for a fortnight, and fent them to Dykes Ri- moderate. ver to get down the timber, and take off fome rinds. Fog and rain all day. At five this morning I took all my family and went in a Sunday 30. fkiff to Dykes River, where we breakfafted. The people there had got fome of the timber down, and this morning they variable. faw a white-bear but could not get a fhot at him. I fixed on a fituation for the houfes, then returned home and ordered the men to follow me, for fome moorings; by the way I killed a duck and a tern. The people arrived foon after me; alfo a fkiff and calm*. with four hands came from White-bear River; they had met Vol. II. Bb with Monday 1, Wind N. E. N.N. E. E. moderate. Tuefday 1. Wednef. 3. variable. with but few rinds yet; and had feen a white-bear and a deer fince I left them. I gave them every thing they wanted, and fent both boats back.. After dinner Jack went to Laar Cove to fee if any thing had been there lately; he faw the flot of feveral deer, and the tracks of a white-bear, a black-hear, and a wolf ; he had a duck in a trap, and gathered fixteen eggs. Cloudy in the morning, clear afterwards. At eight this morning I took my family with me on a party of pleafure to Fillbelly Illand, where we flayed the day, and returned in the evening. We killed fixteen ducks and a porcupine, and gathered a few eggs; we might have got a great number, but very few are good now. In our way home I tailed two large traps in the path leading from Laar Cove acrofs Great Marfh, and faw the tracks of feveral black-bears on the landwafh. Hazy, warm weather. At nine this morning I went with my family to Dykes River, and returned in the evening; tried the fifh with fly, but could not ilir one, although I faw a great many fpring-filh. Cloudy, cold weather. About noon hearing an uncommon naife on the fouth fide of the harbour, I went over in my kyack, and found it was a bitch doater with her whelp. Great quantities of falmon came in from fea to-day. mm Our voyage is abfolutely ruined, by a veflel not arriving gndealm. ^ neceflarv fUppnes. Rain and clofe weather all day. TWday4. At noon the otter appeared in the narrows; and, miffing N.E./„jh. ftayS there, went on fhore on the eaft point, and lay there till eight tight at night. She got down here about midnight, and received no damage. Rained till evening, then cleared up, and froze fharply all night. At four this morning, I began to Ihip off craft for Paradife, and victualled the people for three weeks. At five o'clock they got under weigh, and worked through the Narrows. 1 fent Jack to Dykes River for a large trap which had been tailed there for a bear. He put out an otter-trap above the Narrows. At three in the afternoon, tfie two men returned from Dykes River, not being able to find any rinds; I fent them to Paradife in the fhalloway, alfo ordered the coopers to White-bear River, and the hands who are rinding there now, to Paradife, on the return of the Otter. Smith now brought three hands cxclufive of the crew. He faw a brace of flags on Sunday lafl. Yvarm weather till five o'clock; afterwards it grew cold. At noon, taking all my family, and a tent in one of the new fkiffs, which I have appropriated to my own ufe and called the Roebuck, I fet out on a cruife of pleafure to the eaflwarcl, in hopes of meeting our veuel. I tailed a large trap for bears on the fhore under Black Head, then went to Wreck Illand, where we fhot fix ducks, gathered fixty-one eggs, and dined; after which thev landed me on Huntingdon Iiland, and proceeded to Egg Rock, where they killed fix ducks and two pigeons, and gathered two hundred and fifty eggs; This is the fourth time that this rock has been robbed this year, and wc have taken in all, about a thoufand eggs off it, although it is not above a hundred and fifty yards long, and fiftefen broad. I walked acrofs the marfhes to the head of Egg Harbour, and found two good deer-paths leading into it, but they had not B b 2 been. Friday 5. Wind w. s w. moderate. calm. frejk. Saturday 6. & W. moderate and little. 1776. July- been much ufed this year. The boat met me there, and we pitched the tent on the well fide; great numbers of geefe and Wlvd ducks were there on our arrival; and we faw plenty of caplin £.mod'tatt, every where, as we came down. Cloudy, warm weather all day. Sunday 7. S. E. frefh. moderate. Monday 8, N. E. little. Tuefday 9. N. N. E. moderate. In the afternoon, Jack and I took a walk up the valley near to the middle of the illand; we found many marlhes and fmall ponds, which feemed to be much frequented by geefe in the moulting feafon. We alfo faw feveral good deer-paths, but they had not been much ufed lately. Jack Ihot a bullfinch. Rain and fog till three o'clock; very foggy afterwards with raw weather. At noon, I went out in the fkiff with Jack and two of the women, in quell of provifions: we landed on Egg Rock and Fillbelly; we killed five ducks, two pigeons, and nine codfifh, and gathered fourteen eggs; we faw plenty of cod and caplin, and a brood of young ducks. The geefe are beginning to moult. It rained till noon, and was foggy all day with raw weather. At ten o'clock, the weather ftill continuing bad, I left the tent and all our baggage, and fet off homewards We looked at the large traps in our way, and baited that under Black Head; one of the fmall traps was flruck up. We got home at two o'clock, and pulled fome radifhes for the fir ft time. The garden comes on but flowly; partly owing to the badnefs of the ground, which is fine fharp gravel, and partly to the cold-nefs of the weather. Plently of cod and caplin were in the tickle this evening. Thick, wet fog. Before Before breakfaft Jack fliifted one of the large traps, after- r"7^—1 wards he and I went in the Roebuck to look at the two otter- Mj traps in the narrows; one of which had an otter in it, and the W n^w**' other was ftruck up. In the narrows we faw plenty of cod s-JV< Httk' and caplin; we anchored among them, and caught ninety-four of the former in a very fliort time, and could foon have loaded the fkiff if we had had good baits; what we ufed, were the 'E'^' caplin we cut out of the cod, which were fo tender, that they would fcarcely hang on thehooks. 1 fhot a duck. In the evening I dug another fpot of ground, fowed fome raddifh feed, made a new maft for the Roebuck, and prepared for another cruife. 4|j A fine warm day. After breakfaft I went to the water-fide and caught a few cap- Thurfday 11, lin with a landing-net. At noon Jack and I went in the fkiff s-littU* a few yards off fhore, and in an hour's time we caught a hundred and ten cod, although he loft both his hooks foon after he began. I then trouled for them from the fhore, in the fame s. e. manner as for pike, and caught them as faft as I could throw in. In the evening jack caught a bufhel of caplin with the landing-net. I never in my life faw them in fuch plenty, nor fo large. Rain and fog till noon, then fair till feven o'clock; fome fmall fhowers afterwards. At eight this morning I fet out on another cruife, and got to Fr;cliy 12# the tent at noon At two o'clock Jack and two of the women £• frtjh* Went a fifhing, but they caught only eight cod. I went upon the ifland in quell of deer, and found feveral good paths; alfo a number of marines with fmall ponds in them, and two h re ponds. I obferved that this is an excellent ifland for deer ; and am of opinion that there are feveral upon it now. The Qiape of the iiland is triangular, the fides of which, are about moderate. jV. w. Unlet fVind Jlrong, SaturJay 13, S. E.frcjh. Jlrong. Sunday 14. S, W. little. Monday 55. F. little and culm. about feven miles long; the north-eafl fide is very mountainous, the reft is low, and there is plenty of wood upon it. Cloudy till three o'clock; afterwards foggy, with fmall rain till the evening, and much rain all night. At two o'clock Jack went out a fifhing in the kyack, but as he returned at four without any, and we had nothing to eat but bread, I fent him and the women in the fkiff, to Wreck Ifland, and they returned in the evening, with thirty-eight cod. The weather the fame as yeflerday. At three this morning we began to prepare for removing, and got away by fix. In Hare Illand Tickle we faw prodigious quantities of cod and caplin: and in Eagle Cove the latter were fo thick, that I dipped them up in a landing-net, filling it every time. Here we were caught in a very heavy fhower of rain, and immediately landed and pitched the tent on the north fide. The tracks of three white-bears were fieth on the fhore there, and on the fouth fide were many bay-feals upon the rocks; I killed one with my rifle, but could not find it. I tailed a trap in a path near the tent, and found an eagle's nefl in a tree, with young ones juft hatched; our people took three eggs out of this nefl the eleventh of Way, which was the reafon of the birds being fo late. The re were feveral hard fqualls of wind and rain in the courfe of this day, with fair weather in the intervals. At three this morning we began to pack up, and moved off at fix. I found the leal which I liiot yeflerday • it proved to be a bitch doater. We rowed round Venifon Head into Blackguard Bay; I landed on the well fide, and walked round the Head of it, where the fkiff took me in again, and we began to fifh; both cod and caplin being as thick as they could fwim. Our Our attention was foon diverted from that work, by the ap- i—^—> pearance of an old (lag on Slink Point, which was looking at- Jlllx-tentively at us: ftepping into mv kyack I pufhed for the faddle by White Cove, over which I judged he would pafs. I met him there juft as I landed, got a Ihot, at a hundred and forty yards, and dropped him on the fpot. We broke him up immediately, and had the pleafure to find him in line condition for this time of the year. We then lauded our baggage in White Cove, pitched our tent, and made a molt luxurious meal on broiled venifon; which, although excellent of itfelf, now was reliihed better than ufual; fince we had been living on watery cod-filh, eggs, and fitting-ducks for fome days pafl. This cove is an incomparable place for hauling a cod-feinc, and it is now as full of cod-filh as it can well contain. This was a fine day upon the whole, yet we had a few fmall fhovvers of rain. At noon I went into Ifthmus Bay, landed on Great Ifland, and examined the place where I intend building a fifhing-room. At the head of the bay wc found a mountaineer whigwham or lafl year (I believe it was captain Jack's; and on the eaft fide there were two old ones. We walked acrofs the ifthmus to North Harbour; it is about a mile acrofs, and moftly a wet marfh. Wc returned at dark, and brought with us five eggs, a duck, and a cod-fifh. Very foggy with rain both morning and evening, and cloudy from one to fix in the afternoon." In the afternoon Jack went a fifhing in the kyack, but did W&terf. 17.,. not meet with much fuccefs. -.' liJtU' Ram and fog all day. Tucfrtay iG. Wind V. E. iwdcratt. A great moderate. t—^f^4 A Srcat fwell rolled into the cove, juiy." Rain and fo? all day. Thurfday 18. ° J If indE.frefh. Friday ig. In the forenoon I walked a little way to the weflward and Aard. fent Jack along the narrow ridge of barrens, which extend that way; he faw fome frelh flot there. After dinner I walked to the end of Slink Point, the ealt tide of which was covered a foot thick with caplin fpawn, full of fmall devouring worms, which extended from high to low water mark. In the evening we launched the fkiff, moored her on the weft fide of the cove, and killed ten cod and a bufhel of caplin; we might have killed any quantity of both. Obferving many cod-fifh to come clofe in to the fhore, where the water was deep, I laid myfelf flat upon the rock, took a caplin by the tail, and held it in the water, in expectation that a cod would take it out of my fingers; nor was I difappointed, for almoft inflant ly a fifh ftruck at, and feized it; and no fooner had one matched away the caplin, than another fprang out of the s. utile, water, at my hand, which I had not withdrawn, and actually caught a flight hold of my finger and thumb. Had I dipped my hand in the water, I am convinced they would foon have made me repent of my folly, for they are a very greedy, bold filh. Foggy, with rain all the forenoon, afterwards wet fog till five in the afternoon, at which time it cleared up. Saturday At fix this morning we fet out homewards, and fortunately e.s.e. had very little wind, until we got out of danger, or we muft with caims. have thrown part of our cargo over board, as the fkiff was then within two inches of the wTater edge. On South Hare Ifland I found a board ftuck up by Smith; who had written, in chalk, that he wanted me at home. When we came to the weft end of Fillbelly, we were obliged to leave moft of our baggage baggage there, as a frefh breeze, with a fwell got up: from Black Head we perceived the Otter crofting the Flats for the harbour, and foon after we faw a veffel at an anchor off the north end of Huntingdon Illand; we fpoke the Otter in the tickle, and found captain Scott on board, who informed me, that the veflel was a fnow called the Two Sifters, commanded by Robert Maxwell, which he had chartered to bring out our fupplies. That he had fold both our own veffels, and that my brother John had bought the Earl of Dartmouth, and would fend her out to me with fupplies on my own account, as our partnerfhip was to terminate at the end of this fummer. He returned on board in the evening. Hazy, fine weather. At noon I took two of the women and Jack with me, and Sunday 21. went on board the fnow, and then fent them to Fillbelly for wTsSr. the baggage. In the afternoon captain Scott and Maxwell llttU founded the Flats for a channel, but could not find one. ff&* A clear day. Undertaking to pilot the veflel into the harbour, at eleven Mon^y 2*. . / iv. s if- this morning I got her under weigh, ran round the eaft fide of frejt.' Huntingdon Iiland, worked upon the fouth fide of it, and at liuUt ten at night anchored abreaft of Berry Ifland, near the Huntingdon fhore. A fine day. At nine o'clock we got under weigh, and at four in the after- Tuefday 23. noon anchored and moored the veflel in her birth in Cartwright s.uuk. Harbour. A deer was feen from on board the fnow this even- f„^t ing, upon Salt Meadow. A fine, warm day. The fur being aired, I valued it at a hundred and twenty- w^f. 24. Vol. II. C c eight jhju.' eight pounds. Captain Scott and I took a walk to the two 1770. L July. large traps, by Great Marfh; one of which was flruck up by a deer. In the afternoon the Otter returned from the falmon-pofls, and brought a loin of black-bear, which had been killed in White-bear River; alfo letters from both the head-men: the one from Paradife informed me that fifh failed there. Broken clouds all day, and a lhower of rain in the afternoon. Thurfday 25. We loaded the Otter with fait and other things out of the w^'tfv ^llow' f°r tu0 fahnon-pofls. As I was Handing at the door this frtjh. morning I perceived a Haggard fwimming acrofs from Earl Uland for Flagfl.aff Point, and I did but juft get my gun ready in time to falute him: I fired at him as he paffed my houfe at feventy yards, and killed him. He had not much fat, and his quarters weighed only a hundred and ninety-fix pounds. Another deer was feen from the fnow this afternoon, in bait Meadow. Cloudy, with fhowers. May 06. At ten o'clock captain Scott and I failed in the Otter for varia [able. JrtP> and White-bear River, and arrived there at fuu-fet; but we got aground about half a mile below the falmon-pofl. We went up in the fkiff and found fpring fiih very fcarce, but poolers »y turns, 1 ', were in tolerable plenty. Two of the people bad jud killed a cub white-bear and wounded its dam, which had another cub with her. They killed two hundred and fourteen fifh to day. Clear and cloudy alternately. Saturday 27. We unloaded the Otter. After break faff captain Scott and I went up the river in a fkiff to the cataraef below which, falmon we re as thick as they could lie; I tried them wth fly, but could Jr(l not raifc one. We killed four hundred and fifty-fix fiQi u>day. va ria bU. m.....Ckar, and cloudy, widi fome rain in the evening. At At eleven this morning we attempted to fall down the river, i but got aground as we were weighing the anchor. In the after- July* noon I difcovered a very large white-bear coming up the river, "mJ* upon the middle ground: captain Scott and I waylayed him, ^.w. frefh. but he winded the fhalloway, landed on the fouth fide, and ran into the woods. At four o'clock we got under weigh, and fell down to Nine-fathom Hole, where we anchored for the night. Wc killed one hundred and fixty-four fifh to-day. Cloudy day. variable. little and calms. We weighed at day-light and got fafe out of the river. Cap- Monday 29 tain Scott and I, with two hands went in a fkiff" through Cooper's Iflands; where we found a good channel, and a harbour fit for any veffel. At four o'clock wc anchored at Paradife. The crew here have got about two hundred and fourteen tierces on fhore, and the fifhing is grown very flack. We landed a cooper, whom we brought from White-bear River, and a few things which we brought for this place. A cloudy day. Early in the morning the Otter's crew began to ballaft. her, Tuefday 30. and at ten o'clock we weighed and towed down the river; weg ot w' littU° into Sandwich Bay at twelve, and worked downwards the N.E.fhM remainder of the day and all night, alternately. Cloudy weather, with fome ihowcrs of rain. We continued working down the bay till four this morning, Wcdncf. 31. at which time we anchored in Muddy Bay, it being then flood variable-tide, captain Scott and I came home in the fkiff. We then were informed, that at five o'clock on Saturday morninsr. a fhallop was feen at an anchor at the back of the eaft, point of Earl Ifland; and that fhe foon after got under weigh and ran up Diver Tickle; which made us fuppofc, fhe was come in fearch frefh and little by turns. CC 2 Of l776- Augufl. Thurfday i. Wind W. .v. W. moderate. of falmon-rivers. The Otter came down in the night. Weather as yeflerday, At day-light we began to load the Otter with fait, nets, &c. and at ten o'clock I faded in her for Eagle River, in fearch of the hiallop. At two we anchored in the mouth of White-bear Rivet and moored; I then went in the fkiff up Eagle River, but found no boat there. On our return we faw a large black-bear in die cove on the fouth fhore, a little lhort of the river mouth* as he was going pretty fall from us, and it was evening, I did not follow him, but made halteback to the fhalloway, weighed the anchors, and ran above Dove Point, where we came to again, and moored for the night. I tailed a large trap, for the bears, on Separation Point. At fix this morning I went in the fkiff up to the falmon-poft, where I found no fpring-filh going but plenty of poolers; I judge that they have now got fifty-fix tierces of falmon on fhore. After breakfaft I went up to the falmon-leap, to fee if it were practicable to haul the pools below it, and I found that it was ib; and alfo that there was an infinite number of fifh in both of them. I fillied a little with a fly, but could raife only trout. We had above four tierces out of the nets to-day- In the evening I returned on board in order to fail, and brought a cooper with me, but the wind being unfettled and fometimes quite calm, we kept faft. I fent the fkiff for the trap which they brought, and alfo a live porcupine. While they were gone we faw a wolf on the north-lhore. Variable weather all day; hard fqualls in the night. We weighed at day-light, but were foon obliged to anchor again: at eleven o'clock we failed the fecond time, and at three fr*jh. anchored off the mouth of Dykes River, where I went on ihore and /"A cairn. Friday a. variable. jqually with : alms ittween. Saturday J little. and (poke to captain Scott, who was fifhing there, with the mate O' 1 he inow. They had a couple of nets down, but had caught very few filh. I then returned on board, weighed anchor, Windpou* and ran home. A deer was feen yeflerday in Salt Meadow. Cloudy, with hard fhowers in fqualls. Canrain Scott returned this morning, and informed me, that Sunday 4. jufl before he came off, a bitch white-bear with two cubs of this s- w-JlTon^ )tl ar came upon the point where his tent was pitched, and got into his fkiff to fearch for fifh, thi blood of which they winded; the bitch then walked on for Muddy Bay, but the cubs loiteu d behind He got between them and her, and fired at one of them, being afraid to attack their dam; his imprudence was near bein^; fatal to him; for fhe immediately turned about and made at him. but on his running away, and the cubs joining, her unhurt, fhe was contented, and purfued her intend* d rout. Whenever a man meets with a white-bear and cubs, he Ought eithtr to kill the dam, or let them all alone; otherwife his own life will be in great danger. I had given captain Scott that advice before, but I will engage he will not flight it a fecond time, for I never knew one who did. moderate. In the afternoon captain Scott and I went in a fkiff to Diver Tickle to fee if the fhallop was there; but wc returned as wife as we went, and I much fufpecl that the eyes of thofe who pre- litti* tended to fee her, deceived them. A clear, fine day. At day-light the Otter failed for Paradife, and carried the Monday s-cooper, whom I brought from White-bear River. A fine day. Afier breakfaft captain Scott and I went in the Roebuck to Tuefday 6, Dykes River, and tailed a large trap in a deer-path: juft as we s- w.hm,. had _.A.- 1776. Aueult. had done, a hind appeared on the other fide, and I endeavoured to get a fhot at her, but could not. From thence wc went to Muddy Bay Pond, and tailed another trap and two Hips in three paths there; they had been very much ufed by deer and bears lately. I killed a duck, and law the firlt curlews. An execffivc hot day; a little thunder at a diftance in the evening. Wcdnef. 7. After dinner captain Scott and I took a walk upon Signal winds. w. ni\\. ancj we faw a fmaU ilock of curlews there. moderate. ' A clear, warm day. Thurfday 3. N. little. Friday 9. variable. little. Jack brought home the other large trap and feveral fmall ones this morning. At noon I wrent to Muddy Bay in the fkiii to vilit the traps and Hips there, and tailed another large trap, and two more flips by the pond, where I found another good path; but nothing had been there fince Tuefday. I law plenty of cod and caplin all the way. A cloudy, cold day. After break fad I fent Jack and one of the women to Laar Cove, for the reft of the fox-trans. In the afternoon captain Scott and I went up Diver Tickle, where I killed a pair of ducks. • A thunder fform at night. Saturday io. Early this morning the Otter returning here, I had forty tierces of fait, twenty tierces of falmon-nets, and foine other things put into her. Jack went in the kyack to viht the trans and flips, but nothing had been near them; he killed a young black-duck and fome fand larks. Sunday n. w. s. w. littte and calms alternattly. At feven o'clock I went on board the Otter, got under weitfhi and worked half way up the harbour, there anchored to flop tide, and fent three of the people in the fkiff for the flat and large trap which arc in Dykes River. At one o'clock a fkiff with with two hands came down from Paradife; I went home with r—; » 1 7 / O. them, gave them what they wanted, and returned on board Au^uft. at four o'clock ; the fkiff being come back, we got under weigh and worked up to Longlfretch, where we anchored for the night. A clear hot day. At day-light I fent the Paradife people off, and at the fame [Monday 12. time got under weigh. At ten o'clock, being near the north ^.wl%ju more of Sandwich Bay, a fkiff with two hands came on board; they had been to Caribou Caflle yeflerday, with a white-bear, liulu and a large pike; they had killed two white-bears lately, one of which was fo large, that one of its fore paws weighed four- 'calm, teen pounds, and the carcafs of him over-filled a melaffes puncheon of a hundred and twenty gallons. Soon after, we came to an anchor at the lout of Mealy Mountains, for want of wind. I then went off in the White-Bear fkiff; landed at the mouth of Dove -Brook, and walked to the point; there I faw the frefh traeks of feveral black-bears, wolves, and foxes. I then took boat again, landed at High Point, tailed the large trap in the deer-path leading to Spring's Valley, and walked from thence oppofite to the fldmon-poil, where the ikllY met 5" Wt frtJhi me, and took me over at four o'clock. I found about eighty-eight tierces of filh on fhore. A very hot day. At day-liidit I fent the fkiff down to meet the fhulloway and ~ 1 Sy to / Inciday 13. buoy the ihnals ; fhe came up in the evening, and moored op- 5. w. unit.. pofue the falmon-poft. We packed twenty tierces of fifh N F today. f'f, 1 % m and tittle. Hot till two o'clock, it then rained hard for an hour, and was foggy* with iiiiall rain, afterwards. We We unloaded die Otter; and in the afternoon I took all hands, except the cooper, up to the falmondeap: we fifhed in the ltream below the rattle, and alfo in the lower pool, and killed feventy-eight filh. As this work is very fatiguing and wet, and the flies bite mofl intolerably, I took a tierce of porter for the people, which they made rather too free with; and the confc-quence was, that the taylor was near being drowned. We left the net at [wing, in the lower pool. A clear hot day. All hands were at work up the river the whole day: we fifhed the two upper pools, and killed three hundred and three fifh. A hazy, hot day. To-day we fifhed in the hole by the fide of the upper pool, and after finding out the proper way, we did our bufinefs with great eafe. AVe killed three hundred and fixty-four fifh. I fuppofe we have now a hundred and ten tierces of fifh on fhore at this place. How many are flill left in the different pools below the cataract, no man can tell; but in my opinion, there are above three hundred tierces. Weather as yeflerday. The falmoniers went up the river, and found a hundred and fix fifh in the nets, and brought the fpare ones down. The Otters crew ballafled her, and in the evening fhe fell down to the mouth of the fmall brook. Two hands brought the deer-trap. Cloudy, with a little rain. The Otter's crew put the rinds on board, then took her down to Nine-fathom Hole. The falmoniers cleared, and brought down the riets from above, and had a hundred and three fifh. Wc We have killed in the whole, fince Monday morning laft, one thoufand two hundred and thirty two filh. In the evening I went on board and failed immediately, but came to an anchor again at the mouth of the river, as it then fell calm. It rained all day. We failed at day-light, and at fix o'clock came to an anchor above Cartwright Narrows, to wait for the ebb ; I then fent the people to look at the traps and flips by Muddy Bay Pond, and to tail the other large trap there: no deer had been yet. A t one o'clock we weighed again and proceeded homewards, where we arrived at four, and got fome of the rinds on fhore. Jack fhot four curlews to-day; they are the firft that have been killed this year. Cod and caplin arc ftill plentiful. A fine day. We landed the remainder of the rinds, and loaded the Otter Tuefday 20. with fait. In the afternoon I went with my family to Pmchgut talm' Point, and flayed their till the evening ; we faw plenty of geefe and black-ducks. A hot day. The Otter failed for Paradife this morning, and after break- WeaW.«, faft, captain Scott and I went in a fkiff with four hands round liUle[ Diver Ifland, and then vifited two of the duck iflands on the Flats; from thence we went home by the way of Pinchgut Point. We founded Diver and Sandwich Tickles, and had not lefs than three fathoms in the former, and eleven in the latter. We killed four ducks and feveral other birds, and picked up fome young gulls and pigeons. A clear, hot day. 1776. Auguft. Wind cairn. Monday 19. N. W. frejh. N. E. moderate. calm. After breakfaft I croffed the harbour to look for fhallop tim-Vol. II. D d ber, Thurfday it. 776. Anguft. Wtnd s. m little, Friday 23. E. frejh. Saturday 24, Hi E. moderate. ber but found only a few. In the evening Jack went upon Signal Hill, and killed ten curlews. A clear, warm day. Jack killed feven curlews upon Signal Hill this morning, and I fhot feven more before the door. A cloudy day, with rain in the evening. After breakfaft Jack went to Laar Cove, where he killed a brace of curlews and a grey plover. I walked upon the Hill, and killed a brace of curlews there, and a dozen more before the door. Foggy weather. After breakfaft Jack went to Muddy Bay Pond, where he found one of the traps (truck up; another had been walked over feveral times by deer and bears, but would not Itnke up; the third could not be found. One of the flips was thrown down; and great numbers of deer and black-bears had ken round the pond lafl week. The kyack proving very leaky, he was obliged to leave her and walk back ; he can Jnt five young black-ducks alive. I fhot three curlews and a black-duck at the door. Thick fog all day; rained hard all night. , c I killed a brace of curlews at the door this morn in?*, and in Monday so. . l> jv. n.e. the afternoon walked upon the lull, but killed nothing there. Jlrong* Dark day, but a clear evening. Sunday 25. calm. Tuefday 27, moderate. The Otter returned this morning, and brought down timber for a ftore-houfe. At noon Jack and the woman went in the (kiff to Muddy Bay, and brought home the kyack A dull morning and clear afternoon; a cold iluy. 1776. Augurh Wedncf. 28. Wind variable* tittle, The Otter being unloaded, fhe failed for White-bear River for falmon. At five this morning captain Maxwell and I, with two of his hands and Jack, went in the Roebuck to Bald Iiland, where we faw a brace of hinds; one of which I killed, and fhot the other through: this was the fattelt deer I have yet feen; fhe had not had a calf this year, and was old; the other was a young deer. We lay under a fail on the beach, in the cove on the well fide of the ifland. There were great numbers of geefe in the cove when we firft went into it, and I obferved that they frequent it much. We faw the flot of an old flag, and a hind and calf. Clear till noon, and cloudy afterwards; the day was warm, and the night fine. At five o'clock we fet off homewards, and in a cove in Hun- Thurfday tingdon Ifland, met with fome old geefe in moult, which could not fly, and fome well-grown young ones; Maxwell fhot two, I three, and caught two young ones alive; we got home by ten o'clock. The quarters of the deer weighed a hundred and fixty-eight pounds. A clear, hot day. ?9« W. little itith calms. After breakfaft Jack and his mother looked at the traps and flips; one of the former was flruck up by a calf; the fprings being fo weak, that they either ftrike too flow, or not at all: He alfo killed three young ducks. A little fmall rain at times. Friday 30. variable. little with calms. I killed five curlews at the door; very few have appeared fince the twenty dixth inftant until this day, when they were tolerably plentiful. A clear, hot day; a little thunder at a diftance in the afternoon, and fome fmall rain in the evening. D d 2 This Saturday 31, calm. f_A._j 1776. September. Sunday Wind V. E. Ittt h with culms. Monday 2, E, liitU. Tu."fdiv 3. E. Jlrong. This morning the Otter appeared at an anchor, at the upper part of the harbour; (lie got under weigh with falling water, and worked and towed down to the fnow. She brought fifty-nine tierces of falmon, and a hind and calf, which the people killed in the water yeflerday, at the mouth of White-bear River. I killed a dozen of curlews at the door, and Jack fhot a brace. Foggy till ten o'clock, and dull afterwards. We fhipped the falmon on board the Two Sifters, and at nine this morning the Oner failed for Paradife. At two o'clock a fkiff with four hands came down from Paradife, I gave tht m what they wanted and fent them back. I killed a brace of curlews at the door. Foggy, dull weather all day, and fmall rain at night. Jack killed a curlew this morning, of a very large fize; I have feen fome few of them before, but never till now compared any of them with the others; this is darker on the back, has a white belly, and weighed fifteen ounces (the common fort but nine and a half) and the wings extended are longer by five inches. I killed five curlews at the door. Yoj: and fmall rain. o Wednef. 4. After breakfaft I took Jack and his mother in the Roebuck, it v iv. and went to Muddy Bay Pond; we found one of the traps llruck up, but could not tell by what, and brought home calm' a load of drift-wood for firing. I killed eight curlews at the door. Dull and fhowery. Thnrfdav X. N. E. 5* I concluded a bargain with captain Scott to-dav, for the fliare of the flock in trade of his brother and himfelf belong- ing ing to our partnership, which being nearly expired, they did t—^—> not choofe to renew: I gave him bills for the amount, being September, one thoufand two hundred pounds. After dinner captain Scott and I took a walk upon Signal Hill; he killed a curlew and two grey plover, and I (hot fourteen curlews and a plover. Jack killed a curlew and a plover. Thick, dry fog till ten in the forenoon, clear afterwards. Early this morning the Otter returned with one of the falmoniers on board, together with a hundred and twenty tierces of falmon; the fifh were (hipped on board the Two Sifters. Two men were altering and repairing the fervants' dwelling-houfe. Jack killed a brace of curlews on the hill. Dark, modi weather. Six men were at work on the houfe, which they finifhed by night. Captain Scott and I took a walk to Black Head. 1 found the trap which I loll in the winter, with the remains of a marten in it, and faw feveral tracks of black-bears. At dark die head-man of White-bear River came down to inform me, that he met with two mountaineer families yeflerday, whom he towed down to the foot of Mealy Mountains, where they landed; it blowing too frefh for thetn to come any farther. A dull day. Early this morning I fent Smith, with three hands in a fkiff, to fee if there was any timber in Goofe Cove fit for boat-build-ing, but he found none. He brought a young porcupine alive, and obferved, that many deer had ufed that place lately. At noon 1 fent the White-bear River boat back, with a prefentof a bottle of brandy for the Mountaineers. Jack and another boy went to Muddy Bay, but they returned empty handed. A clear day, and cloudy evening. Friday 6. Hind N. V. £. Jrejh. Saturday 7. N. Jftjk. Sundnv 8. variable. Utile. 1776. September. M0ncl.1v 9. Wind £. little. N. W. Jlrong. Tuefday 10. variable. little. Wednef. ii. W. moderate. The Otter failed for Paradife at day-break, and I kept two hands here to build a ftore-houfe. Rained in the morning; cloudy afterwards. Two men began the new ftore-houfe. After breakfaft cap-tain Scott and I walked upon the hill; he killed three curlews, and I fhot five; each of us killed one of the large fort, which have the fame note as thofe in England and other parts of Europe, but the fmall kind have a different one, more like that of grey plover. A clear, fine day. After breakfaft captain Scott and I walked upon the hill, where I killed a curlew and three plover. At noon he Mountaineers came here in two canoes; there were two men and their wives, a boy about fixteen years old (a fon of captain Jack's) and two fmall children. They gave me four beaver-fkins, and afterwards ftole them again and fold them to me. They continued to drink brandy, of which they were very greedy, until they were quite drunk, but were not near fo troublefbme as captain Jack and his family. Thurfday is. M. N. W. frejh. W. N. W. little. All this morning was fpent in purchafing furs from the Indians; they had not much, but they fold them cheaper than the others had done. Thev fhewed me their method of {hooting deer; although they were very drunk, yet they made tevera good fhots, which convinced me of their expertnefs. When a Mountaineer gets up to a herd of deer, he puts three or four balls into his mouth; the inltant he has fired, he throws fome loofe powder down his piece, drops a wet ball out of his mouth upon it and preffes it down with his ramrod, but puts in no wadding, either upon the powder or the ball; by which means he he gets more fhots than if he loaded in the common way. As r-^p-i they ufe no meafure for their powder, but throw it in by hand, September. they generally over-charge; a fpring-flafk, with a ball made up in a cartridge would be a much better way, but thofe flaiks come too high for the Indian market; therefore they are furniihed with the cow-horn, fuch as are provided for fhip's ufe. After dinner they went off for their tents, which were in Diver Tickle, well faLisfied with the reception they met with, and prornifed" to return again. Rained till two o'clock, then cleared up. Early in the morning I went up the harbour in the fkiff, with my Indians, landed at the narrows, and walked a little way along the fhore of Earl Ifland, where I killed a black-duck. At the fame time I fent Jack to Muddy Bay, where he found one of the traps (truck up again. We returned to dinner, and in the evening I went upon the hill, and killed a curlew; they are now departing (ait. At eleven o'clock laft night the Otter came down with a Saturday^, hundred and twenty-one tierces of falmon; this morning we N'jr'tjh' fhipped it on board the fnow, and afterwards ballafted the boat. All the crew came down in the fhalloway, except one cooper and another hand who went off in a fkiff for White-bear River. One man nailing killick-claws, the reft were at work, part of this day on the ftore-houfe. Rained till three o'clock then cleared up. At nine o'clock this morning the Otter failed for White-bear River. After breakfaft captain Scott and I walked upon the hilt where I killed a brace of curlews. In the evening the Mountaineers Friday 13. Wind w.JreJk. Sunday 15, S. W. frejh. N. W. Halt, ' Mountaineers returned and gave me fome venifon; they killed September, a hind yeflerday. A clear day. Monday 16. Four hands were at work on the ftore-houfe, and a cooper wind was trimming the falmon on board the fnow. At noon the n.e.freJIi. , j Mountaineers went away, and I lent them the youngelt Efqui-mau boy, who is about live years old. A clear day. Tuefday 17. The people were employed as yelterday. It blew a very hard gale thefe twenty-four hours, with broken clouds, and we had a very high tide. Wednef. 18. The people were employed as ufual. After breakfaft I n.w. jlrong. walked round Laar Cove, where I faw a prodigious number of geefe ; I killed three, and caught a whabby alive. At nnon the Otter returned with the crew on board, together with eighty-one tierces of falmon; we fhipped the fifh on board the fnow, which makes in the whole three hundred and eighty-one tierces; two hundred and forty-one from Paradife, and a hundred and forty from White-bear River. 1 he former place would have produced more alone, could I have placed moderate. tne crew there in proper time. Very fciv curlews to be feen now. A fine day. Thurfday 19. Three men were at work on the flore-houfe; five repairing n.uttie. the Otter's rigging; two coopers trimming the falmon; one ditto and two men at work in the flore-room; and the reft were employed varioufly. Jack and Scannel went to the E/reJE' traps and flips by Muddy Bay Pond; they brought them all home, together with a good fat hind, which was in one of the flips. Clear till three o'clock; cloudy afterwards. I victualled I victualled the Otter for a fortnight, and fent her to Paradife —\ ™ 17 70. for rinds, longers, and firewood. The reft of the day was September, employed in fettling the people's accompts, and preparing for Fn^yJ°* my departure for Charles Harbour. Cloudy weather. n. w. frejh. I finifhed the people's accompts, packed up my baggage, Saturday 21. and fhipped off the furs. w'frtJh' A cloudy day. Having concluded all my bufinefs on fhore, captain Scott Sunday 22. and I embarked on board the Two Sifters. At noon we got w'/re^' under weigh, and worked out of the harbour : at dark we were abreaft of Black Iflands, and found a great fwell at fea. A clear day. At noon we were abreaft of Sandy Ifland, and about ten Monday 23. leagues off fhore; at two o'clock we tacked, and flood in, Zodt'rZ'. and at eight flood off again. A clear, warm day. We were working along fhore all day, and at ten at night Tuefday t*. ere abreaft of Cane St. Francis. w- }• f- x moderate. Clear till three o'clock; then cloudy, with a little rain. At ten this morning we faw the land, but did not know wednef. a where we were, as the weather was foggy ; we ftippofed that *9hu we were near Point Spear: at three o'clock wc made the land again, and found it to be the Caribous; wc then ran round the South fide of them, and came to an anchor in Charles Nm Fm Harbour, at half after four. I had the difappointment to hear, that our three falmon-pofts here had got but a hundred and fifty tierces of fifh. I alfo learned, that few other people had killed more in proportion, and that the cod-fifhery had failed Vol. II. E c greatly greatly all round Newfoundland, but had been very fuc-ccfsful upon this coafl. Noble and Pinfon's fchooncr came in here this evening from the northward, and remained the night. Thick fog till four o'clock ; dull afterwards. Thurfday 26. We fpread the dry fifh, fhipped fifty-one tierces of falmon JodcTate. on board the Fox for Temple Bay (captain Scott having fold Mr. Noble two hundred tierces) and did various other work. A clear day. After breakfafl I went off in the Fox for Temple Bay; we towed out to fea, where we met with contrary wind, and put back again. Clear till evening; then dull, with fome rain. I failed again at eight o'clock this morning, but foon wifhed myfelf back again: for on quitting the harbour, I found a ftrong gale with a great fea, which caufed the fhallop to be in danger of foundering. We therefore edged in with the fhore, and fortunately got fafe into Cow-houfe 'fickle, where we moored. Salmon is very heavy, and the boat was not only full, but had one tier of calks over the beams alfo, which made her very deep, and roll dangerouily. Rain and fnow all day. At five o'clock this morning we came to fail, and at noon anchored in Temple Bay, where I found his Majefly's fchooner, Sandwich. I landed the falmon, went to Mr. Pinfon's houfe, and flayed there the night. A cloudy day. Friday 27. N. E. little. calm. S. W. tittle. Saturday 2$ A/ E. Jlrong. N. IV. Jlrong. Sunday 29. A': W, Jlrong. Monday 30 6.1, Strong gales, with rain all day. The Sandwich failed for Conch. Here I experienced a <—\—» remarkable infiance of Mr. Pinfon's gratitude, which was as October, follows. By the lofs of a veflel from Ireland, laden with pro- Tuefday vilions, Pinion and his people, who were upwards of three Wind hundred in number, were upon the point of flarving for want; 5'W' but Mr. John Scott, at Pinfon's requefl, lent him from our flores, twenty-two hogfheads of bread, fixteen tierces of flour, a puncheon of molafles, fome barrels of pork, and a hundred tierce-packs; which gave him time to fend to Quebec for a frefh fupply. My Ihip not being yet arrived, I Was now in WTant of a few articles myfelf to fend to Sandwich Bay, to complete the winter-crews, wdrich I intended keeping there; when, incredible to relate, he abfolutely rcfufed to affifl me with only one hoglhead of bread, one tierce of flour, one barrel of pork, and one tierce of molaffes; nor would he fell them to me, but at an exorbitant price : however, I was compelled to comply with his demands, or run the rifk of my people falling fliort, and confequently flarving for want. Cloudy, with a few fmall fhowers. At eight o'clock I failed for Charles Harbour, but after Wednef.«. having paffed Table Point, was obliged to put back into Condon Tickle, and remain there all night. Strong fqualls all day ; moderate in the evening. At three this morning we got under fail, at funrife opened Thurfday 3, Charles Harbour, and at eleven got up to the wharf. I fhipped JoJ^u. off fome provifions, &c. on board the Fox, for Cartwright Harbour. A clear day. s. little. I fhipped off the remainder of the goods and provifions for Friday 4. Sandwich Bay, and at eleven o'clock the Fox failed, under the I\ command of John Hayes, whom I brought round for that purpofe. I hired Mr. John Bruce, mate of the Two Sifters, E e 2 to 1776- Oclobcr. Wind moderate. Saturday 5. N. N. W. Jlrong. N. E. Jlrong. Sunday 6, N. E. I. s. $ s. w. moderate, Monday 7. 5. W. little. frefh. W. little. to be my agent at this place, for the enfuing year. The Squirrel was laid on fhore, and her fides were fcrubbed. A cloudy day. We fpread the remainder of the hfh, got the Squirrel afloat, and packed the furs: there were in the whole, eighty-eight foxes, a hundred and twenty-five martens, thirty-five beavers, feventeen otters, feven wolverings, fix wolves, four white bears, one black ditto, three minks, one lynks, and three Indian-dreffed rangers. A cloudy day, and frofly night. A boat of Noble and Pinfon's came here to-day, and brought a man of ours, whom I left to repack fome falmon. I fettled all the accompts with my partners, relative to the poffeflions and flock in this country, and this day they delivered all their fhare over to me. I victualled all the people for a week, except one man and the coopers, in order that they might go up to the lodge to cut and fetch down fome firewood. In the evening the fnow, having taken in all the dry cod-filh, got under weigh in order to fail for a market, but not being able to get out of the harbour, fhe came to an anchor again, Mr. John Scott embarked on board her. A clear day, with fharp frofl at night. At daylight the fnow weighed and went to fea. I fent the people up to the lodge. At ten o'clock ivlr. Bruce, two boys, and myfelf, went out a fifiling in the Squirrel. We came to at the north end of Charles Ifland, but caught only one fifh there; then fhifted our birth to the fhoal within it, where we caught twenty-two, and moll of them were large ones ; we got back by four in the afternoon. Timf&y 8. N. E. Some rain and fnow to-day. At 1776. October. Wedn-1 9. {find £* frejh, At eight o'clock this morning, we perceived a fail in the offing, and foon knew her to be my Chip; at noon fhe came to an anchor, and the captain David Kinlock came on fhore and brought my letters. From them I learned, that fhe had brought my fupplies for the winter, and alfo two clerks, viz. Jofeph Daubeny and Robert Collingham; that fhe had goods on board for Quebec, to which place fhe ought to have gone firft.. This veffel had lately been named the Countefs of Effingham: fhe had been eight weeks from Portland Road, and had met with much bad weather, by which fome of her cargo was damaged. The arrival of this fhip faved the lives of fome fine, fat, bloodhound whelps; for, as we had nothing frefh to eat befides cod-iiih, captain Scott and I had determined to have a bow-wow-pie for dinner to-day, and I was actually going out to kill the whelps, when I difeovered the fhip in the offing. We began to turn the oil out of the ftore-houfe, and prepare for receiving the goods from, on board the fhip. We got out the remainder of the oil, and landed fome of the Thurfday 10, goods. A man went by land to the lodge, to bring down four of the people from thence, and they arrived at noon. Some rain to day. We were landing goods all day. Dark, moift weather. Friday 11. N. W. jlrong. We landed but few goods to day, becaufe it blew fo hard. At noon, the reft of the people came down, having made three rafts of wood; one of which they towed down, and moored it near Flat Point. They faw four deer a few days ago. A clear day with fharp frofl. We landed a few goods to-day. Dark Saturday 12, W. V. IV. hard. . s. S 5.' mode;\i!e.- ,776. Oaober. Monday 14. Wind W. A'. W. Jlrong. S. frejh. 5. W. moderate. Tuefday 15. W. S. W. moderate. Wcdnef. 16. N. W. frefh. Thurfday 17. variable. moderate. Friday 18. calm. variable. frefh. Dark weather: it froze fharply la ft night, but thawed all day, and in the evening it rained a little. I turned the people out at one this morning, and had the fkiffs hauled up, as it blew very hard. We landed fome more goods, had feveral things done about the room, and fent four hands up the river to cut pryer-poles, killick-claws, &c. and to fetch the rafts down. A mild day. Several of the empty tierces Were ftowed away, and the reft were carried down to the llage door, ready to be put in as loon as all the fait is landed. We filled up the feal oil, and landed fome more goods. Cloudy, open weather. WTe trimmed and finifhed the cod-oil, and landed goods. After breakfaft I took a walk with Mr. Daubeny (my head clerk) to the top of Curlew Hill, where we faw fome groufe, and he killed a brace. We packed up fome goods for Sandwich Bay. A clear day. We landed fome more goods, packed fome for Sandwich Bay, and repacked the furs. At night the Fox returned from Sandwich Bay, and brought fome of the difcharged fervants; fhe failed in company with the Otter. A clear day. We landed the remainder of the goods from the fhip. At noon the Otter arrived from Sandwich Bay, and brought the reft of the difcharged fervants; together with Nooquafhock whom Daniel Scully, (the father of her twins) had engaged to marry, and to conduct them home to Ireland. They informed N. N. W. frefh. informed me that there had been much fnow before they came * — away. October. Clear in the morning, rained afterwards ; fleet and fnow at Wind night. frjJi. Early in the morning we cleared the Otter, and fhipped the Saturday 19 oil and furs ; and at two o'clock the failed, under the command ' E' of Mr. Bruce, for Temple Bay, having captain Scott on board. The captain intends to remain there till he fails for England. At three o'clock the people came down from the lodge, and brought five hundred killick-rods, fifty pryer-poles, and a bundle, of white-rods. In the evening, we ballailed the Squirrel. Moill, thick weather. The Fox was laid on fhore to (lop her leaks. After breakfaft,, Sunday 2©. I went to Great Caribou to look for a place to lay the ihallops on ft, s. w. fhore for the winter ; I fixed on the white beach, at the bottom of Tort Patrick. When I got home, I found Noble and Pinfon's head-man of Seal Iiland, juft come from Temple Bay, to inform me, that their veflel for pafTcngcrs would fail on Sunday.next. A clear morning, but cloudy after. 5. W. frefi. I fent the Squirrel to the lodge for wood ; I alfo fent four Monday 21. hands to remain there to cut more wood. At four o'clock the Otter re urned from Chateau, and at the fame time the Squirrel came down with a raft. A clear day. I took an inventory of the old flock in trade. Tuefday at. Hard rain all day. At day-light I fent the Otter to bring the materials of the Wedntf. 5*3. houfe at Port Patrick, and the Squirrel failed up the river for A- the 1776. October. the other rafts. At the fame time, the Countefs of Effingham failed for Quebec. The Squirrel returned at noon with one raft, and went back in the evening and brought the other : at night the otter returned with the materials of the houfe. A clear day. Thurfday 24. Wind S. S. E. frrjh. Friday 25. s. s. w. f"Jh. I loaded the Fox for Sandwich Bay, and fettled die people'* accompts. Cloudy weather. At four o'clock this morning Mr. Daubeny and three hands failed in the Fox for Sandwich Bay. We got all the rafts on fhore, and unloaded the Otter. I finifhed the people's accompts, and doled the book. Thick fog over head, with fome fmall fhowers of rain. . r At eleven o'clock this morning: I failed in the Otter, with all Saturday 20. _ <^> variable, the difcharged fervants, for Temple Bay, and arrived there at fix in the evening. little. A clear day. Sunday 27. We landed all our baggage. A fhallop of Coghlan's arrived s.frtjh. at Henly Harbour from Newfoundland. Some fmall rain. Monda 28 Early in the morning the Otter failed homewards, but put w. uttie. back in the evening. I took a walk to the weftward, where I faw plenty of groufe, and killed four brace. Small fnow till one o'clock, much afterwards. S. E. frejh. Tuefday 29. W. frejh. This morning the ground was covered with fnow. At eight o'clock the Otter failed for Charles Harbour. Sharp frofl, and clear weather. I fhipped I fhipped my baggage on board a fmall brig called the Ann, <~"^~~"> commanded by William Pinfon, (Mr. Pinfon's fon,1 and in the November, evening I embarked, as did captain Scott, Mr. Pmfon, and all Tu^ 5' his Englifh fervants, who were difcharged. w.jirwg. Cloudy, frofly weather. At half pafl two o'clock this afternoon we got under weigh, Thurfday 7. and failed for Dartmouth; at fix o'clock we judged ourfelves s}t%'. to be abreaft of Belle Ifle, but could not fee it, and at feven WTe palfed clofe to a very large illand of ice. Dull, hazy weather. Carried away our main-top-maft this morning. Sunday to. In the courfe of thefe twenty-four hours we ran two hundred Tuefday i9j and twenty-one miles. %vng\ This day alfo we ran one hundred and ninety-four miles, in Wednef. 20. twenty-four hours; which, together, make ten degrees and a WjirNQnlsV* half of longitude, in forty-eight hours. This morning we had foundings in feventy-five fathoms ; at Friday «a. two o'clock, the fame ; at eight, fixty-three ; and at midnight, w.kari. fifty-five ; at which time Mr. Pinfon fuppofed wc were abreaft of the land's end. At half an hour after two o'clock this morning, (it then Saturday 23. blowing a hard gale of wind, with a great fea, and very thick weather) wc faw Scilly light, right ahead, by which we knew we were among the rocks lying to the weftward of it. The helm was immediately put aport, and the veffel, which was at that time going feven miles an hour, flew up into the wind Vol. II. F f with 1—^wT* ner ncac^ t0 tne fonthward. Write the people were bra- Novcmkr. cing the head yards about, I cfpied a breaker, not far to leeward, and a little ahead withal j wc immediately* vered to the other tack, and in fo doing, lhe went within half her length of the rock; we got the fails trimmed as quick as poUible, then lay up north by well, and ran near live knots an hour. At a quarter after three we discovered four high rocks, clofe under our lee, and had much difficulty to clear them; indeed we all gave ourfelves up for loll, and had we flruck againfl the rocks, not a foul could have been faved; however, we were now out of all danger, for we faw no more after thofe; but for fear of the worfl, we kept on our courfe till daydight: and during the whole time, the lee end of the windlafs was fcarce even out of the water, as it blew very hard, and we carried the top fails to it. At daydight we bore away, and pafled between Scilly and England, at noon we doubled the land's end, at half pall two were ahreafl of the Lizzard, at fix we made the Eddiflone, and at ten we heaved to, oil the Start; it then blowing moft defperately, attended with mueh rain. * i Sunday 24. At day-light we made fail, and plied to windward all day; n.n.e. in the morning we were about fix leagues fouth eafterly off m the Start, but our fails and rigging were fo much mattered by the late blowing weather, that we gained but little before dark. Cloudy weather. hard. Monday 25. At day-light we found ourfelves between the Start and the Berry, and no great diftance off fhore; and at nine o'clock wc came to an anchor in Dartmouth Range. Captain Scott, Pinfon, v. w. moderate. Pinfon, and I went on more in the pilot boat; and at ten we landed fafe at Dartmouth. I did not leave Dartmouth until the fecond of December; and as I made feveral ftoppages by the way, it was the evening of the tenth mil. before 1 arrived in London; where I conclude this voyage. THE END OF THE THIRD VOYAGE. F f 2 THE THE FOURTH VOYAGE. LA S T year my brother John unfortunately put my bufinefs into the hands of alderman Wooldridge, who facrificed my interefl to his own, by fhipping a quantity of rum and porter on board the Countcfs of Effingham, for Quebec; in order that he might receive the freight, which amounted to two hundred pounds. From this circum fiance fhe was not only detained in England above a month later than fhe would otherwife have been, which made her late arrival in Labrador of dangerous confequence, as well as a great lofs to me; but fhe was afterwards obliged to proceed to Quebec. She, however, had the good fortune to arrive there, and to return to England; but as fhe came back empty, her cxpeftccs amounted to more money than the freight. She had moreover received fome damage, which obliged me to put a new keel into her, and give her fome other repairs that cofl mc a confiderable fum. In the mean time I provided fuch goods as could be procured in London, fhipped them on board, and then ordered the fhip to toLymmington to take in fome fait, and to wait for my arrival. Having finifhed all my bufinefs in London, I went to Portsmouth on a vilir to Mr. Jofeph Gilbert, one of the malt, is attendant in the Dockvard there, who obligingly forwarded me to Lymmington in his hoy, where I found the Counters of Effingham already arrived; I fhipped a hundred tons of fait on board together with fome other goods. Tuefday 29. We got under weigh at ten o'clock this morning, but having the tide againfl us, it was two in the afternoon before we paifed the Needles; wdien we proceeded down the Channel for wa-terford, with a moderate breeze at fouth by eaft. Meeting with variable winds, and thofe chiefly from the weftward, our paffage to Ireland was not very expeditious; nor was the weather fo pleafant as might have been expecfed at this time of the year; for we had much fog and rain. Our fuccefs in fifhing was not to be boafted of, for we caught only a few gurnets, although lines were kept out all the way. May. y/c gQt p jlt Qp rjUDorarvon Hills at noon to-day, and an- Sunday 4. • 1 r • chored at Pafkge, in the harbour of Waterford, at eight o'clock at night. We found lying here the Pegafus Sloop of War, captain Gore; and the Wafp Sloop, captain Bligh; alfo a number of veffels which were bound to Newfoundland, under convoy of the Pegafus. The lieutenant of the above fhip boarded mme foon after fhe paffed Duncannon Fort, and although it was then tide of ebb and the wind was very fcant, he obliged h^r to lie to, until fhe was very near being on fhore upon the rocks. After a great deal of improper behaviour, he preffed Roco Gafper, an Italian; notwithflanding he had a protection. £ was at that time on fhore, and on receiving information of the above above particulars, I waited on captain Gore; but very forry 1 am I to fay, that I neither obtained the man's difcharge, nor May. met with that degree of politenefs which it was natural for me to expect. I went to Waterford the next morning, where I purchafed Monday 5. provifions, and hired upwards of thirty fifhermen for the ufe of my concerns in Labrador. Thefe tranfactions found me with full employment till the evening of the ninth; by which time the provifions were on board, moft of the fervants were embarked, and I put my fhfp under convoy of the Pegafus. At day-light this morning captain Gore made the fignal for Saturday 10. failing, when the merchantmen got under weigh with all poffi-ble expedition. The Pegafus did the fame in the afternoon, but before fhe paifed the fort, the wind veered about, when fhe came to an anchor, and returned to her former birth with the flood tide. The greateft part of the fleet then anchored; fome returned to Paffage; but others had by that time got to fea and did not come back. The fignal for failing was made at day-light this morning, Sunday u« but I was not quite ready to obey it. The Pegafus was under weigh at five o'clock, and my fhip followed at ten. We were out of the harbour at eleven; at which time the licet were barely to be defcricd from the foreyard; but as we purfucd with all the fail that could be fet, wc came clofe up with the convoy at eight at night. Nothing worthy of remark occurred until this day, unlefs Sunday.18 that captain Gore, having a fleet of fhips under his care, and a report prevailing of privateers being near the Irifh coafl neglected his duty: for he neither took the leaft pains to keep his * his fleet together, nor attempted to collecf them when dif-May." perfed; he neither carried fail in proportion to the heaviefl failers, nor did he ever examine fuch fhips as appeared in fight: although feveral veflels actually ran through his fleet, he never fpoke to one, nor even fhewed his colours, in anfwer to theirs. By fuch conducf, he foon loll the fourth part of his fleet; and as he perfiflcd in keeping on the flarboard tack, with the wind at fouth weft, in the latitude of 46° 46' north, at noon, I oixlered the fignal to be made for fpeaking with him ; but notwithflanding we were no more than a mile from him, and on his lee quarter, he took no notice of it. At two o'clock I caufed the fignal to be hauled down, the colours to be hoifled, the veffel to be put about, and left him. We had very tempefluous weather all night, and met feveral velfels, which alarmed us greatly, fearing left any of them fhould prove American Privateers. Wcii.iff. ?.s. On the twenty-eighth we faw a pair of gannets, which made the failors fufpecf that we were in foundings; but we could not find any ground with a hundred fathoms of line. Monday 9. Captain Kinloch took an obfervation of the fun and moon this evening; by which it appeared, that we were in the longitude of 450 00s well; the dead reckoning gave 440 48NN. By an amplitude we found the variation to be 30° weft. Saturday 14. At fjve o'clock this evening, there being then a thick fog, a large ifland of ice appeared under our lee; we tacked to avoid it, and flood off: foon after feveral large pieces appeared to windward. At eight we founded, and flruck a rocky bottom with a few fmall black flones, under a hundred and feventy fathoms of water. Wc We had a continued thick fog till eight at night, when it cleared away for a fhort time, and gave us fight of feveral J illands of ice. 1777. unci N. by E. The fog being very thick all this day, we made fhort trips Sumky *5-off and on, that we might keep clear of ice; and we faw fe- -E t0 veral large illands of it. n. e. by e< Jlrong. It being tolerably clear this morning, we bore away for the Monday 16. land at lour oclock: and that we might prove the truth of the longitudinal obfervation, we fhaped a courfe for Wolf Rock. It is fcarccly more than ten feet above the level of the wa- ^ N E ter, or ten yards in diameter, and lies two miles and a half ******* north by eafl from Wolf Ifland, which is three miles long and high land. At one o'clock, having run fourteen leagues, we had light of Wolf Ifland, difLant eight miles; and at four we were abfolutely obliged to bear away a few fathoms, or we fhould have flruck upon the rock, but we paffed clofe to leeward, between it and the ifland. The wind fhortening upon us as we flood into Table Bay, we could not weather Cove Ifland; a thick fog coming on at the fame time, we flood off again, and pafled an anxious and difagreeable night under fail, among rocky iflands and iflands of ice. Early in the morning we flood in again with a light breeze Tuefday t7< of wind, although the fog ftill continued very thick, and plied N.uttic. to windward, between Black Iflands and the Wolf, until three in the afternoon. The fog then clearing away, and finding fo ftrong a current fetting to the Southward that we could not work to windward of Black Iflands or Cape North, I determined to run into South Harbour, in Table Bay. On drawing Vol. II. G g near 1——* near N^rth Point, 1 had the yawl hoifted out, and went off to the Imall iiland, which lies a mile and a half fouth by eaft. from thence, in ord; r to Ihoot ducks and gather eggs. An old white bear and her cub, had already taken poffeflion of it for the latter purpofe ; and on my arrival within a hundred yards of the fhore, the old lady appeared difpofed to difpute my landing: but I foon fettled that point, by fending a ball through her heart, and then landed and killed her cub alfo. Notwithstanding both bears were fhot through the centre of their hearts, the bitch ran three hundred yards, and the cub at leaf! a hundred, before they dropped. As a great furf broke upon the more, it was with difficulty that one man and I landed; and we were not able to do any thing more with the bears, than merely to paunch them. I fhot feven ducks, while my man gathered above two hundred eggs ; we then re-embarked and followed the fhip, which we overtook at nine o'clock : prefently after, fhe was obliged to let go an anchor off the eaft end of Ledge Ifland ; becaufe, fo thick a fog coming on, together with night, that we duriT not attempt to proceed into a harbour, which none of us had even yet feen ; an original chart of Lane's, being all that we had to go by. We weighed at daydight this morning, and prefently came to an anchor in South Harbour, where we moored alfo. At Wcdnef. 18. ten o'clock I fent the long boat with the mate and ten men Wind for the bears, and they returned with them in the evening: £• fr up and put out a frefh. Great plenty of fifh were going all J" Jy- /. , r r J & & Tuefday 1. this day. wmt S. IV. frejh.' One of the nets having driven, it was boated and put out Wednef. 2. afrefh. Few fpring fifh, but plenty of flinks going to day. Fog and fmall rain all day. I. lutle. I judged that there were forty-fix tierces of fifh on fhore, Thurfday 3. at fix o'clock this morning, when I fet off homewards. It began 5< w-frtJht to blow fo hard, before we got to Longftretch, that I was ap-prehenfive the boat would have filled, the fea was fo boiflerous: however, we arrived fafe at two, and found the Otter at the wharf head; fhe arrived from Charles Harbour yeflerday morning. The boatfmafter (Richard Smith) was on board, but the refl of the crew, and the Indian boy whom I had left at home, were gone in a fkiff up White-bear River, in quefl of me. She was laden with flops, provifions, fait, and cafk-packs. By letters from my agent I learnt that the lafl fealing-feafon had proved JronS' very indifferent; he having got but five tuns of oil. Smith informed me, that an American privateer was cruifing off Belle Ifle; that one of Noble and Pinfon's vefiels had arrived in Temple Bay; but that Mr. William Pinfon was not. (I fuppofe therefore, that he muff be taken, as he failed from Waterford the day before me) He alfo informed me, that the lafl was the mildefl winter ever known upon this coafl or that of Newfoundland ; as the frofl had extended very little to the fouthward of hard. Ouirpon. At Conch there was no ice in the harbour at any time during the winter. In the afternoon, Smith and I rolled fome of the goods into the ftorehoufe, and we afterwards repacked fome of the rinds ; they being much heated. I pulled the firfl radifhes this evening. A clear day. We 1777. Friday 4. Wind S. W. Jlrong. hardJquall. little. Wc repacked fome more of the rinds, tranfplanted fome cabbages, and fowed fome radifh-feed. The fkiff returned in the afternoon, having followed me quite round the bay. In White-Bear River, they met with a flag eroding the water and wounded him. They faid, that fifh were flack there, but very plentiful at Paradife this morning. We frclh flowed the ftorehoufe this afternoon, ready for receiving more goods. A heavy thunder fquall at one o'clock, and fine weather both before and afterwards. Saturday 5. £. little. Sunday 6. E. N, E. hard. In the courfe of this day, we finifhed unlading the Otter, and put feveral cafks of fait and fome hoops on board her, for the falmon fifheries. Dull weather with fome rain; and it rained hard mofl part of the night. The loading of the Otter being completed, at ten o'clock fhe failed for Paradife and White-Bear River. I tranfplanted fome cabbages. Fog and rain all day. Monday 7. After breakfaft, I went over to Salt Meadow, with one of the nNw tittk women and Jack in a fkiff; we took the yawl in tow and loaded her with firewood. In the afternoon, three piles of rinds were re-packed. Some fmall rain. Tuefday 8. Hi E. N W. W. moderate. We re-packed the remainder of the rinds, dried the herring-nets, falmon-nets, and feal-nets ; alfo the fhips' and boats' fads, and flowed them all in the ftorehoufe. Jack killed a duck. Cloudy, with mild weather. Wednef. 9, We tranfplanted fome more cabbages. At four o'clock in moderate. trie afternoon, the Fox fhallop came up from the ftage, and I had moderate. f°mc rm^s a"d provifions put on board her. £. little. The morning was clear and hot; it was foggy and cool afterwards, and rained hard at funfet. Julx- At ten this morning the Fox failed for the ftage. At two Thurfday to. o'clock the Otter returned, and informed me, that falmon were fcarce. I put the remainder of the rinds on board, and alfo wind fome other things for the flage. At four the Beaver fhallop arrived, and informed me, that on the thirtieth ult. fhe failed from Charles Harbour, in company with the Stag and Squirrel r fhallops and Lance baitlkiff; all of which arrived fafe this morning at the flage. The Stag and Beaver are two new fhallops, thirty tons burthen each, built at Trinity lafl winter; and were brought from thence by two boats-crews, which I fent palfengers from Waterford, on board one of Mr. Letter's velfels. Thefe boats were laden with fait, and fome other things. From the boats-mafler I was informed, that the Americans had taken his Majefly's frigate Fox and feveral bankers upon the banks of Newfoundland; that my fhip was not arrived at Charles Harbour when they left that place, and moreover that they did not fee her on their paflage here. Dull, foggy weather. At feven this morning, having filled the Beaver up with Friday it. empty calks and hoops, I fent her off for White-bear River and N Paradife. At eleven o'clock I failed in the Otter for Great moderate. Ifland; at two. anchoring to flop tide off Fillbclly, I went in the fkiff to the entrance of Goofe Cove, and brought on board the fkiff which lay there. I afterwards went to the point of Hare Ifland Tickle, where I landed, and walked to the top of moderate. the hill, in fearch of the top of my fpy-glafs, which 1 left lafl year, but could not find it. I returned on board at dark, when the wind being foul, we remained faft for the night. I killed three gulls, an eider-duck, a diver, and a flink falmon. Clear, cold weather all day, with thick fog on the coafl. Vol. II. H h We I777-Saturday U Wind N. E. little. e. little. S. E. little. Sunday 13. s.frejli. calm. N. fmart. We weighed at day-light, and worked down to the Fox, where we anchored, and took in the remainder of the timber. At eight o'clock both boats failed for the flage, and at nine the Fox hailed and informed me, that there were three deer feeding upon the weflernmofl hill of Venifon Head; upon which I ordered both boats to anchor. I then landed with my rifle and double-barrelled gun, and had the good fortune to kill them all. They proved to be a brochct, a knobler, and a hearfe. By three o'clock we had got all the deer on board, when I fent a fkiff home with one of them, and made fail for the flage, but, having a contrary wind, and very little of it, we did not get into Blackguard Bay till midnight, when there was fb thick a fog, that we came to an anchor there. A clear, hot day, and a foggy night. We weighed at four this morning, and at fix came to an anchor at the flage. Unloaded the Fox, and landed the wood and fome other things, out of the Otter. In the afternoon I fent a fkiff to the caflle for cordage, and at eight the fkiff returned, which I lent home yeflerday with the venifon. Clear for the grcatefl part of the day, but it rained hard from three to fix in the afternoon. Monday 14. N, moderate, varialle. little. S. frefh. Tuefday 15. S. We landed the remainder of the Otter's cargo; part of the people were at work on the flage, and the reft went up the bay, cut fome flouters, pofts, fhores, &c. After breakfaft Jack and I walked about the ifland, and I killed a brace of hares, one of which had fix young ones in her, and the other four; fad deftrucdion! He killed a faddle-back and a groufe; the hares weighed eight pounds each, when paunched. A clear, warm day. Seven hands went up the bay and cut more wood for the flage, and in the evening they rafted it down. At noon the fhm fhip appeared, and at two o'clock fhe paffed Venifon Head. At feven the Beaver returned from the falmon-pofls and report- July, ed, that fiih were very fcarce in both rivers. The people who Wini were, in the woods, faw plenty of cod and caplin on the eaft fide E- Of Slillk Point. N.moderate* Clear all day, but it rained in the evening, and mofl part of the night. I fent thirteen hands into the woods; the reft were at work Wedntf. 16. on the flage. As two of the people were carrying a beam into the flage, one of them fell with the but end of the beam upon his head, which crufhed it fo violently, that I fear he will not live; the 'f^' blood gufhed out of his eyes, nofe, ears, and mouth; his face inftantly turned black, and his eyes appeared as if they would ft art from their fockets; I bled him immediately, and bathed his head with warm vinegar. After breakfaft I took Jack with me in my fkiff, and went to the wooders; and after dinner we took a view of the fouth-eafl Cove, which we found to be a very fafe place for vefiels of any fize. A foggy day. Early in the morning I fent fourteen hands in the Otter and Tfcwfly*7« Fox to Eagle Cove, to cut rafters, &c. the reft of the people E' h"ie' were at work on the flage. I went in the Otter as far as the entrance of the cove, then returned home in the Roebuck, taking Jack along with me. In Hare Illand Tickle we met Mr. Daubeny and four hands going down to the flage in the flnp's yawl; and at Black Head I faw a dead feal lying on fhore; it was a fquarcphripper which Mr. Daubeny found driven on fhore there, and had tied it to a rock; I got home at two o'clock. The man who was hurt yeflerday, was fo much recovered this morning, as to be able to walk about. Thick fog all day, with fhort intervals of clear weather. H h 2 At frejh. 1777- Friday 10. Wind E. little. N. little. At five this morning I went down to Black Head in a fkiff, with three hands, tailed one large trap for bears there, another on the weft fide of Laar Cove, three fmall ones for otters on the two rubbingplaces under the head, fkinned the feal, and (hot fix eider-ducks. One fhot was very remarkable: three ducks came flying along more, and I killed them all. In the courfe of the day, I had all the goods landed, from the fhip, which fhe brought for this place. A foggy day, with a little rain in the evening, and there was fome thunder at a diftance. Saturday 19. N. moderate. E. little. I put fome goods into the fhip for the flage. In the afternoon the Fox came up with Mr. Daubeny in her, he informed me that the flage was ready to receive filh, and that he had been out in a fkiff this morning, and had killed about a quintal; after which he fent the Fox out, and fhe brought in three quintals. Clear till noon; thunder, with rain afterwards. Sunday 20. s. s. w. moderate. S.E./reJlu Monday 21. S. W. frejh and littte alternately. At ten this morning both the fhip and Fox failed for Ifthmus Bay. In the afternoon a fkiff with four hands came down from Paradife on a frivolous, idle errand: as the head-man was one of them, I gave him a fevere beating, and fent them all back immediately. Jack looked at the traps; two of the fmall ones were flruck up, and he brought a duck. Clear, hot weather. After dinner I took Mr. Collingham and Jack with me in my Ikiff, and went up Diver Tickle to the north-weft point of Earl Illand, where we landed and went upon the hill. We fat watching there an hour, but faw nothing. On the fandy beach on the fouth-weft fide of the ifland, we faw a deal of frefh flot of deer; we did not return home till ten at night. A clear, hot day. « THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 237 The flore-room was reftowed. I fat at High Point for a little « A—1 . 1777* while after dinner, and killed a pair of eider ducks, a fhell- ^ly,2„-bird, and a jar, A clear, warm day. *W * S. W, little* In the morning the Otter came up from Great Ifland, manned Wednef. by captain Kinloch and four of his crew, and brought fome 5*w-huk' empty tierces. I immediately filled her up with tierces of fait, and fome more empty ones, and in the evening I failed in her Ei fffiIfrt for Paradife; but, not being abfe to get through the Narrows before the ebb made, we came to an anchor between Salt Meadow and the iflands, where we remained all night. A clear, warm day. At day-light I fent the fkiff back for fome nails and other Thurfday 24. things, With which fhe returned at fix o'clock, when we weighed, £*mc-and towed through the Narrows j at two in the afternoon we arrived at Paradife, where I found only a hundred and thirty-fix tierces of fifh on fhore, and very few coming in. I delivered all the empty calks, and then took on board fome falting cafks, and twenty-one coils of cordage ; the boat proved exceffively leaky. At day-light this morning, finding the boat to have in her a Friday 25, foot of water over the cieling, and being convinced, from fome w circumftances and expreilions, that the crew had not only neglected to keep a watch lad night, and pump the boat out according to my orders; but that they had alio formed a combination, not to do any thing which did not appertain to the fhip; although they had figned articles, to do whatever was required of them for the good of the voyage. To put a flop to this mutiny, I firft gave each man a fevere trimming, with the end of a new rope, and then explained the terms of their agreement to them ; I had the pleafure to find my arguments prevailing. We frefh* We got under weigh foon after, and towed down to the mouth of the river; from whence we failed to the north fide of the bay, and anchored near thj more, to waif for the flood tide to enter White-bear River. Mr. Collingham and I landed at ten o'clock, and walked to Dove ■■Point, which was fix miles off, expecting the Otter to follow foon, and take us in there ; but in that we were mi flak en, becaufe ihe could not move for want of wind. The confequence was,.that we palled a -eery uncomfortable night at that place; for, we lay upon a h; nvu fand, were wet to the fkin with rain, and molt cnully hie bv flies; we were hungry, but had nothing to eat:; and extremely thirfty, yet unable to procure any frefh water, fn the courfe of our walk to Dove Point, we gathered above a hundred excellent goofe quills, which were lately fhed ; -this being the moulting feafon\ We alfo faw much flot. of deer, and numerous trackings of black bears and wolves. And we obferved great plenty of large timber trees, growing on the fides of Mealy Mountains. The weather was clear till five in the afternoon, when it fet in to rain, which continued all night. At two o'clock this morning Mr. Daubeny came (o us, in a fkiff with four hands; lie had followed me to Paradife, and from thence to this place, to inform me, that a planter had been at my flage, and had failed to the northward in quell of falrnon-rivers. We immediately got into the fkiff, and rowed clown to the fhalloway, which wc got on board at day-light, not far from the place where we left her. After taking a fliort nap, Daubeny went off for Caribou Gallic; and at fix o'clock, we got under weigh and worked into White-bear River, where we came to an anchor: but as the wind foon after fhifted in our favour, we got under fail again, and ran up to the falmon-poft. I found only thirty-two tierces of fifh on fhore, and I went up to to the falmon-lcap, but faw very few fifh there. The Otter r~^~7—1 was unloaded. A clear day. July. At high water this morning we laid the Otter ort fhore to flop Sunday 27. her leaks, and found a plank flaved on the llarboard quarter, g and a large leak under her larboard bow; both of which we flopped, and hauled her off again in the evening. The tide being then too far fpcut lor us to fail, captain Kinloch and I went down in the fkiff, and laid buoys upon the upper fhoals. aJl%n> I had the fleet of nets taken up, and one frefh net put out. A clear day. At four this morning wc weighed, and towed down to the Monday 28. firft point, where we anchored; the tide being too far fpent for $ TV'mu'' us to go over the bar. At noon we weighed again, and got out of the river; though wc flruck feveral times on the lower fhoals. but did not flop. At feven in the evening we anchored and moored in Cartwright Harbour, and then landed the cordage. We found the boat make no more water in feven hours today, than fhe did before in twenty minutes. I faw a flock of curlews, which is a few days earlier tlian ufual. The garden is very much come on; peafe are in bloom, and the cucumbers appear flrong. A clear, hot day. At eight o'clock this morning I went in my fkiff, with captain ~ rl . O □ . . luefday 29. Kinloch and four hands, to Cartwright River in fearch of the s. w. planter, but law no marks of his having been t lie re. We faw many geefe, fix of which wc killed, and caught one alive; we alfo few a flout flag, which eroded above the firft ifland. We landed on two of the iflands upon the Flats, and alfo at Sandy Point; we killed two ducks and a flrangcr, and picked up fome young gulls. By the river fide, we faw much tracking of black-bears. We got home again by ten at night. A clear, hot day. After moderate. E. little. After breakfaft I flopped the leaks in the roof of the ftore-17]l\y\ houfe, then fortcd out fome things for the falmon-polls, and Wednef. 30. in the afternoon lent them up by captain Kinloch, in his yawl. Jf^hid- caim. Jack looked at the traps, and informed me, that a hind had been over one, but milTed the bridge ; that a great many deer had been about this place lately, and that an old flag had been caught in the large trap under Black-Head, and had broken one of the fprings. Some more cabbages were tranfplanted in the garden; they grow well, but the turnips run into tops, by-being fowed too thick, and not thinned in time. It rained much all the morning, but was clear afterwards. Thurfday 31. I had all the turnips pulled up, and the ground manured jjjjP* and dug for cabbages. After breakfaft I went to Laar Cove, jlrong. where I flayed watching until half flood, but faw nothing. A clear, warm day. Augufl, Friday 1. Captain Kinloch returned at one o'clock this morning, and n. frejh. brought a very large porcupine, which he fhot, miftaking it for a bear. He informed me, that very few fifh were going at Paradife, and none in White-bear River; but that they ftill uim. caught fome poolers there, under the leap, in a fwing net. All hands were at work in the ftore-houfe. It rained till noon, and clear afterwards. Saturday 2, This morning we finifhed flowing the eaft end of the ftore-w- houfe; I then put a few things on board the Otter, and ordered moderate, - * " , ** her to the flage. At noon I fet off myfelf in the Roebuck, E with all my family, except Jack. I intended going round Hunr-moderate. ingdon Ifland, but, on rounding the north point, we found too much fea; we therefore turned back, and were rowing all little. night. There was plenty of caplin in the two northernmofl coves. A clear day, and fine night. At Jlrong. At midnight it began to blow very fmart, and became fo dark, that we were near being driven out to fea; as I miftook Auguft. the higheft part of Long Iiland, for Berry Hill; and was making Su,,day 3* for it, when we were hailed by captain Kinloch, who was at /mar). an anchor in the mouth of Blackguard Bay. At one this morning we got to the flage, and found the fhoremen there fphtting fifh; having about four hundred quintals on fhore. I was informed that both filh and baits had been fo plentiful for this week pad, that the people had not been in bed all that time, and were almofl dead with fatigue. The men did not come out of the flage till feven o'clock this morning; they then fpread the waterdiorfc and green fifh, before they Went to bed. A clear hot day. At day-break I fent the baitfkiff out, and fhe returned at Monday 4. two in the afternoon, loaded with caplin, after having baited all * the boats. The Otter was laid on fhore, and her larboard fide was calked. We made thofe fifh into pile, which were fpread on Friday; warned out forty quintals, and fpread the fifh which were carried out yeflerday. At half pad five this evening the boats came in with thirty-five quintals : they could not flay longer by reafon of a fhift of the wind; and they would have loaded in that time, but they had no baits till noon. At noon I £-walked up to Lookout Hill and killed a curlew there; Mr. Daubeny killed one on Saturday. The Squirrel, in going out of the harbour through Little Tickle this evening, ran upon the rock at the north end of it, but foon got off again without damage. A clear hot day. At eleven o'clock we hauled a fkiff-load of caplin by the fide Tue% 5. of the flage. I went out with them immediately, and met the Hautboy coming in with fifh upon the gangboards. After baiting the boats, I rowed to Green Ifland, and from thence into Vol. II. I i Eaflern (—^—; Eaflern Arm, landed there, and walked to the top of the hill AugS*. on me ^oum nclc' where I law a flock of curlews, and plenty of deer's Hot. At five all the boats came in, and brought between eighty and ninety qnintals of fine large filh; the Hautboy made a fecond trip, and returned half loaded. Fourteen quintals of fifh were wafhed, the water-horfe was carried out, and the green fifh were fpread. The fhoremen were iphttmg all night. A clear, hot day; fine weather for the filhery. Wetoef.6. W° wafhed forty quintals of fifh as foon as the people wind came out of the flage, which was not till nine this morning, • w-frt • fome mto pHe, and fpread more. At two in the afternoon the Hautboy came in with ten quintals, and the refl returned at fix with good cargoes: we had in all, above feventy quintals; the people were fplitting all night. I fent captain Kinloch off for the falmon-pofls, to order all the fpare hands from thence; the fhoremen being completely fatigued with inceffant labour. As one of them came from the flage this morning, he turned down to the water-fide to wafh himfelf, and no fooner had he flooped down for that purpofe, than he fell fad afleep, and pitched head foremofl in; fortunately he could fwim, or he might have been drowned. Clear, hot weather. Thurfday 7. Early in the morning I went in the baitfkiff to White Cove, w* but got no baits there; afterwards we hauled plenty by the flage. I faw two brace of leverets on Slink Point, and killed a brace of them. The Hautboy did not go to fea till eleven o'clock this morning, and returned empty, as it began to blow ilrong when Ihe got upon the ledge. The other boats brought in forty five quintals. We wafhed and fpread fifh. Gear, hot weather. N. w. frtjk. & E.Jlrovg. There was great plenty of fifh and baits to-day. All the fhoremen are completely fatigued and weary for want of refl. Auguft. We wafhed and fpread fifh. The Squirrel loft her rudder and F^8' tiller in getting under weigh this evening, which obliged her variable. to come to again. The planter returned from the northward pmg. this afternoon: he had been into Ivucktoke Bay, and upon a fmall ifland, near the entrance, he faw fome old Efquimau fhallops thwarted up. I killed two brace of curlews. Captain Kinloch returned at fun-rife, and brought Mr. Col- Saturday 9. lingham and three hands from White-bear River. At fix JjJJJ o'clock a fkiff, with three hands, arrived from Paradife. At ten we hauled plenty of baits by the flage, and I went out with them immediately to the boats; after which I returned home, taking Mr. Collingham, the mate of the fhip, and the & tittle, women with me. By the way we landed on Fillbelly, where we obferved there had been fome deer lately. A clear morning, but it rained hard in the afternoon. I had fome bread examined, and found part of it damaged. Sunday 10. We tranfplanted fome cabbages, and found the cucumber ^rJ* plants dead for want of air and water. It rained all day. More bread, and alfo fome flops were examined. Jack killed Monday u, a pair of black-ducks. Hard rain all day. ^J}. At five this morning I fet off for the flage ; and in my way Tuefday 12, thither, I landed on Fillbelly and Berry Ifland, but faw nothing ^JT" on either. I arrived at the flage at five in the afternoon, and was informed that no boat could go out yeflerday, on account N R of the gale of wind j which made fo great a fea, that it wafhed Atofa over the Pigeon-Rocks. There was good fifhing to-day till two I i 2 o'clock, i 777-Augutt. o'clock, but none were to be caught afterwards: the boats brought in fifty quintals of fmall fifll. The planter failed for the fouth ward this morning. Clear till eight in the morning; but there was a thin fog afterwards. Wednef, 13. Wind N. E. little. Tini! (Hay 14. 5. W. moderate. Friday 15, IV. moderate. fmart. moderate. At five this morning I went to Slink Point, where I killed a hare with my greyhound, and fhot fix groufe and four curlews; and I killed two more curlews upon this ifland afterwards. The baitfkiff was out all day, but caught no baits; the caplin having been all driven off the coafl by the late gale of wind. The boats brought in fifty quintals of fifh. We fpread a great deal to-day, and landed fifty hogfheads of fait out of the fhip. A very fine day. Between five and eight o'clock this morning I fhot forty curlews upon this ifland; and I killed fix more not far from home in the courfe of the day. No baits to be had; and the boats got only ten quintals of fifh. The Otter wTas ballafled, and we put all the empty tierces into her. Some fifh were wafhed ; but we fpread none. Dull till ten o'clock; it then rained for the refl of the day, and cleared up in the evening. The baitfkiff wTas out all day, and got only a few lance; but in the evening we took a fmall number of caplin, near the flage. The boats brought in above forty quintals of fifh, which they caught with halted caplin; the fifhermen reported, that there was plenty of fifh on the ledges. Early in the morning I fent the Otter, with Kinloch, to the falmon-pofls. We fpread all the green fifh, made a large pile, and wafhed a confiderable bulk. I killed three curlews. A fine day. This This morning we hauled a few caplin near the flage, and I carried them out to the boats; they had pretty good fuccefs in Auguit. catching large fifh. I then crofted over to Venifon Head, where mjjj ' Oo *! Wind I landed and walked to the top of Berry Hill, which I obferved w. frejh. to be covered with partridge-berries, and faw plenty of geefe and black-ducks from thence. I killed two of the latter, four terns, and a lady. Wc fpread yeflerday's water-horfe, wafhed out more fifh, and piled what were dry. A dear, fine day. After breakfaft Mr. Daubeny and I went in a fkiff with'four SlIlld 1?t hands to the head of Curlew Harbour, where we landed and W. fmart. walked over the hills to Black Ifland Tickle, from thence to Cape N. £> /mar(. North, then back to the boat along the north fhore. We faw a deal of old flot of deer, fome new, a few geefe, and plenty of black-ducks. Wc killed three of the latter, live eider-ducks, a brace of ptarmigans, a brace of curlews, a grey plover, and s"moderate-a lady. The water-horfe was fpread. Some fhowcrs at noon, but the refl of the day was fair. The baitfkiff was out all day, but got only a few fmall lance. Monday 18. About fixty quintals of fifh were wafhed". In the evening I **.w. killed two brace of groufe and a leveret, on the illand. The Squirrel having damaged her rudder-irons yelterday, did not N.E.jquaiiy. go to fea this morning, and the other boats did not return this evening. A dull morning, clear day, and fhowcry evening. In the morning I went off in the baitfkiff to the northward. Tuefday 19. We landed on the gull-rock on the north-call fide of Hunting- s' £->£0-don Ifland, where we got fome young pigeons, and fhot a few terns; wc fearched the fhore of Huntingdon Ifland, but found no baits; at dark we landed on Bald Ifland, and lay there by a fire. A fine day. A* 1777 Augull. Wednef. ?o. Wind N.W. frefh. little. N. fqnally* Thurfday 21, calm. S. W. moderate. W. fr^Jh. Friday 22. N. moderate. N. E. moderate. At day-light I walked acrofs the ifland to look for deer, but found there were none upon it; nor had there been any this fumrner. At fix o'clock wc went off and fearched the back part of that, and feveral other illands, which lie to the eailward of it, but found no baits. We met with an excellent harbour for veifels between two of them. From thence we went to Groufe Illand, where I landed and took a walk, while the fkiff tried for baits: I found that illand was generally much frequented by deer; but, none on it now. At noon the fkiff returned without any baits, when we made fail for Sadler's Ifland, where we got fome young gulls and pigeons. We returned to the flage at fun-fet. The boats brought in only five quintals of fifh lafl night; but this evening they had forty-two quintals, and would have killed many more if they had been furnifhed with baits. A dull day, and rainy afternoon. Early this morning Mr. Daubeny and I went in a fkiff with four hands to Tinker, and outer Siflcr Ifland; we fhot forty-eight old tinkers, and picked up feventy-fix young ones and gulls together. The boats brought in feventecn quintals of large fifh. While we were away, two old flags took the water from the eaft fhore and fwam towards this illand; two others were going to follow, but the people made fo much noife, that they all turned back. We had a deal of fifh fpread, and I killed four curlews. A fine day, with fome rain at night. I fent two boats to the Gannet Iflands to try for fifh, but they did not return at night; and thofe who fifhed on the ufual ground killed only feven fifh. We had more fifh wafhed out, fpread a great deal, and got fome into pile. I killed four curlews on the ifland in the morning, and at eleven o'clock I went in a fkiff, with the two Indian women, into Curlew Harbour; bour; we landed on the fouth fide, and walked to the top of a hill, where we met with a brocket, which I killed, and returned home at dark with the venifon. A very fine day. —A-- *777-Auguft. Wind E. S. E. We had fome filh wafhed, the water-horfe carried out, and Saturday 23, N IV. front;. moderate, Sunday 24, W. JV. w. frefh. httle. a deal of filh put into pile. This morning the Otter returned with the cooper on board, and brought a hundred and ten tierces of falmon, belides fome few other things. The Fox came in at one in the afternoon, with three quintals of fifh, which were caught at the Gannets yelterday. The people faid, that the tide ran very rapidly there, and that thofe iflands were covered with geefe. The reft of the boats came in at three o'clock, without any fifh. In the evening I fent the bait-fkiff off for Caribou Caftle, but fhe returned at nine o'clock, not being able to proceed. A cloudy day, with fome fhowers in the evening. At five this morning the baitfkiff failed for Caribou Caftle. The Fox and Squirrel were laid on fhore to clean their bottoms, and we got the latter off again in the evening. The water-horfe was fpread. A clear day, with a fmall fhower in the evening. The other boats went to fea this morning, and at noon the Fox came off the ground, and followed them ; they brought in three quintals of fifh. We wafhed fixty quintals of fifh in the morning, and at noon, fpread thofe which were on the flakes. The baitfkiff returned in the evening without any baits. Heavy rain till noon, when it cleared up, and the reft of the day proved fair. We fpread the water-horfe, heaved three piles of fifh, and Tuefday 26. wafhed forty quintals. Two of the boats came in at dark, with ma^;a.tt about M day 25. N. frejh. Utile, »777-Augutt, Wednef, 27. Wind W. tittle. Thurfday 28. N. Jlrong. moderate. little. Fridiiy 29. S. IV. little. about half a quintal of ftlh. Curlews have grown very fcarce within thefe few days pafl, and great numbers of geefe have appeared lately, as they arc getting the ufe of their wings very fait now. A cloudy day. The Fox and Squirrel went to try for filh about Black Iiland, and to the fouthward. After breakfaft, I went in a fkiff with two hands, to the head of this bay to look at a pond, and fee if it were practicable to get a fkiff into it, to haul for trouts; I found it was, but that it would be attended with difficulty. I afterwards walked to the top of Table Hill, from whence I had an extenfive view. I tailed a trap for geefe on each of the Duck Iflands, and fhot two geefe and fix curlews: the Beaver and Hautboy returned to-day, with feven quintals of very large filh; which they caught yeflerday, drifting between the Gannets and Tinker Ifland.. A cloudy, fine dav. The Beaver and Hautboy went out this morning to the N. E. end of Long Illand, but foon returned without any fifh, and the Squirrel came in with only fix, and ihe had loft her grapnel: I fent her out again. The fhoremen were employed in building in the morning ; afterwards, part of them in waffling fdh; and the relt, with Mr. Daubeny and me, went to White Cove in order to drain the pond there, but found it would be too difficult. Rained in the morning, fair afterwards. After breakfaft I went in a punt with a couple of boys, to the cafl fide of the harbour, where I landed and walked to the top of Mount Martin, upon which I fat watching all day. I faw the Fox come into the harbour, and a ihallop in Table Bay coining to the northward, which I took to be the Squirrel. In the the evening I killed a pair of black ducks. The water-horfe was fpread, and a pile heaved. The Fox was laid on fhore; flic being leaky. The Beaver and Hautboy failed to the northward. *777-Auguft, We turned up yeflerday's water-horfe, and in the evening Saturday 30. made it up into large faggots. We heaved a pile, piled fome green fifh, and warned out two bulks. At four this morning the Otter failed for Caribou. In the evening we got the Fox off. The other three boats came in, all from the northward; the Beaver had three quintals of filh, but the other two none. They faw a fhallop going to the northward, and fuppofed her to belong to the planter, who was here in the beginning of this month, and is the fame which I faw yeflerday in Table Bay. The Otter returned at eight, not being able to proceed. A clear, hot day, with a little rain in the evening. Wind N. W. Jlrong. moderate) E. N. E. little. At fix o'clock the Otter failed again. At feven all the fhallops and the baitfkiff went off for the fouth ward, in queft of fifh and baits ; taking fplitters and fait with them. At ten I went off in the Roebuck, with the women and one man, for home, and arrived there at five in the afternoon. Wc unloaded the Otter immediately, and rcladed her with empty tierces and hoops for Paradife. In the garden I found pcafe fit to pull; and the cucumbers were fet. Small rain and fog in the morning; clear afterwards. At five this morning Mr. Collingham went in a fkiff, with two hands, to Dyke's River, to fetch fome oars. At feven the Otter failed for Paradife. We pulled the firft peafe. In the evening I went over to Earl Illand, and tailed two traps for otters. Clear and exceedingly hot all day j cloudy with fmall rain in the evening. Vol. II. K k In Sunday 31, S. frejh. moderate. calm. E. frefh: W. frejh. September. Monday 1. W. frefh. calm. N. N, E. N. E. frefh. i-K—j In the morning Jack and I went to the traps under Black September- Head and in Laar Cove; a beaver had been in the one by die Tuefday 2. brook. In the evening Jack vifited thofe on Earl Iiland, and MM E. brought a rabbit out of one of them. frejh. Cloudy, dull weather, with a few fmall fhowers. Wedncf. 3. After break fall, taking Jack with me, I went in the Roebuck modtratt- to Cartwright River; we pitched our tent at the mouth of Alder Brook, and rummaged it for beavers, but could not find the houfe which my people faw there this fpring. On our way we tailed a couple of traps for otters, in a cove at the north end of Huntingdon Iiland. A clear, warm day. Thurfday 4. Early in the morning we went up the brook again, and took moderate. a long, fatiguing walk to the top of a high bill, from whence variable. we could command an exiendvc view of the country. We obferved, that it was chiefly marfhes with fmall ponds in them, and very little wood, except by the fides of the river and brooks; there the foil is a good, rich find, and produces plenty of very large timber, at d abundance of as good rafpbernes, both red and white, as ever I ate in my life. There are alfo large beds of alder and willow, which mull caufe a great refort of groufe in the winter. To the northward of the river mouth we could perceive a large bay, the whole Ihore of which is a line fandy beach, except the northern extremity, which is terminated by a rocky, hilly, barren headland, with a fmall ifland lying off the point. Between the bay and the river, the land is flat and low, confiding almoft entirely of wet marfhes. WTe found four dams and a hovel as we went up the brook; and on our return, Jack coming down the other fide, found the houfe, fituatcd at the extremity of a very narrow point, which we did not go round before. I killed three large, hoin owls and a black-duck. A clear, hot day. In In the afternoon we went up the brook again, made a breach in three of the beaver-dams, and tailed traps in two of them; September, and we faw the feeting of three beavers, in fome mud at the Fnday 5* mouth of the brook. n. n. e. Much fnow and rain till noon, but fair afterwards. moderate. Jack looked at the traps this morning, and as nothing had Saturday 6. been near them, he brought them away. After which, we N'E'hetie' moved to Sandy Point, where we pitched our tent again. We obferved, that a wolf and fome foxes had been along fhore there lafl night; we tailed one trap for a fox, and another for a goofe. We had a couple of owls for dinner, which proved fat and white, but very tough. Fog and rain all day. A crofs-fox was in one of the traps this morning, and great Sundax 7* numbers of geefe were about the point all day; I killed four N'E' ^r°"g' and a black-duck. moderate. Dark, cold, wet weather till noon, when it became fair. We went homewards at feven this morning, and looked at Monday 8. the traps by the way ; an otter was in one of thofe upon Hunt- *Jlron8' ingdon Illand, the other was flruck up, and a rabbit was in one on Earl Illand. Pinchgut Point being much ufed by geefe, I tailed two traps for them. Dark, cold weather. Itblcw hard, with rain all day; the wind abated and it clear- Tuefday 9. ed up in the evening. At noon Jack and 1 rowed round the harbour, and having traps W«dne£ io. with us, we put out five for otters, and five for geefe. A rabbit Mn Ut was in one of thofe on Earl Illand, we fhot a black-duck, and ffr> K k 2 faw n. e. Jlrorg. ,-*-. faw a deal of frefh flot of old flaes on Salt Meadow. In the * 7 7 7 * Sep ember, afternoon the Otter came down, and brought forty tierces of wmdcalm. falmon, fome fpars, and dennage; I put fome provifions into frejh. ner £Qr tne |iagC j± clear day. Thnrfday it. At fix this morning Mr. Collingham went down to the flage jm and m t^ie ^tter- At feven I went in a huff with two hands to vanabk. the traps on Huntingdon Ifland; we had two yellow-foxes and a goofe, and I fhot two otters on a rubbingplace. I tailed eight traps more for geefe, took up the two which I put out on Monday, and tailed them for otters; alfo, fixed two Hips for deer, and brought home two ottertraps which were under Black Head. On my return home, I found the baitfkiff with two hands, come up from the flage; they brought a haunch of venifon, forne birds, and a letter from Mr. Daubeny, informing me, that the boats were returned from the fouthward with very few fifh. Clear till three o'clock, and cloudy afterwards. Friday it, Early in the morning Jack vifited the traps in Laar Cove, $. moderate. and brought in a marten. At fun-rife the baitfkiff returned. After breakfaft I went in a fkiff with two hands, round the traps in the harbour; we had a couple of rabbits in thofe on the lower rubbingplace on Earl Ifland, tailed another for otters, and four for geefe. „ Dark, clofe weather, with rain, Saturday 13. The remainder of the bread was packed in cafks. I took s. e ^ down the old flove, and put up the new one. Pull, m^n weather. mot Sunday 14* At ejght o'clock this morning I fent the cooper and Jack to iAunUiigdou iliand; they returned in the evening with an otter and and a tern. At ten o'clock a white-bear appeared upon the graffy point, under the high hill on Earl Ifland; I watched him for an hour, expecting he would come over here, but he then turned along fhore upwards, and as there was no boat here, I took a man along with me, and walked round the harbour to the narrows, hoping he would crofs there, but was difappointed. On our return, we killed five fpruce-game and a porcupine; the former my man knocked down with flones. At eight o'clock at night Mr. Daubeny came from the flage in the Fox, and informed me that he had ordered three boats to difcontinue their fifhing, and had fent one of them a cruifing for timber to build houfes with. Cloudy and moifl in the morning, clear and warm afterwards. I fhipped off provifions and other things for Charles Harbour, Monday i5. on board the Fox. Two men were drawing the outlide of my w-fr^-houfe with clay. Jack vifited his traps in Laar Cove, and had the leg of a yellow-fox. A clear day. ^ 1777. September, Wind N. N. W. S. £. S. little. The people were employed as yeflerday. Cloudy weather. Tuefday 16. W. mideraUt At eight o'clock this morning Mr. Daubeny failed for the Wcdnef..i7. flage in the Fox. Two men were drawing rny houfe in the morning, and. hay-making afterwards. In the evening I went over to Salt Meadow and looked, at the geefe traps, but found nothing in them. A clear, warm, pleafant day. Two men were making up the hay in Laar Cove. I fent Thurfday *8. Jack up Laar Brook to look for beavers; he faw no figns of wJrtA any, but found a good rubbingplace by the pond, and fhot foun <-^—i four fpruce-game. I went up my path and built two death- . 1777' r n September. iallS. mZlrie. Clear, pleafant weather all day. Fnday xc). jWQ men were Rawing tric wans 0r houfe. I lent lack W.J rep. ° j and the cooper to the traps on Huntingdon Ifland; they had a goofe in one, another was carried into the water by an otter which had got out, a third was loll:, and they brought away one of the flips; fbmc deer had been through them. I went to n: e. . moderate, the deathfall-path, but got nothing. A fine day, but at night it grew dull, threatening rain. Saturday 20. After breakfafl I went in a fkiff with my family, to vifit the 8, w. auk. traps round the harbour, and had a pair of geefe in them. We landed at the mouth of the fecond brook on Earl Ifland, from whence I walked over the barrens and marfhes to the fouth-wefl corner, and from thence along fhore back. I knocked off the heads of a brace of fpruce-game at one fhot, and of a pair of ducks at another, with my rifle. Mr. Bruce arrived this evening in the baitfkiff, and informed me, that he returned from Charles Harbour yelterday, in the Stag fhallop; and that they had got but fifty tierces of falmon, and ninety quintals of cod at that place. At midnight I lent the baitfkiff back with two hands. Thick, dry fog till ten this morning, and exceflively hot afterwards. Sunday bi. At ten this morning I fet off with Mr. Bruce and four hands calm. m my fkiflf, for the flage; we went round the north end of e. little. Huntingdon Ifland to look for the loft trap, which we found with a crofs-fox in it, almoft fpoift by the fea lice. We landed one man there to walk acrofs the ifland and meet the boat on her return, and got to the flage at fun-fet, when I fent the fkiff back. A clear, hot day. A pjje n. frrjli little. A p'le of (ifh. was heaved, fome fait landed, and fome goods <—' (hipped off for Charles Harbour. I was writing letters to September. ' ° Monday 22. England all day. Wini Clear, cold weather. At nine this morning Mr. Bruce failed for Charles Harbour T"e®*y 23. in the Stag. The remainder of the fait was landed. After breakfaft a took a walk upon the illand, and killed a brace of n. groufe. Clear, warm weather. At nine this morning Mr. Daubeny and I went in a fkiff to Wednef. 24^ Gready Harbour, and ordered the Beaver to follow. We landed ^fc'rfti on the largeft of the Black Iflands, which makes one fide of the harbour, and walked to the eaflern end of it; we faw the flot of a few deer which had been there this fumrner, but none frefh. This harbour is very fafe from all winds, and there is ^ no danger in going in, but what may be feen in the day time. The eaflern entrance is the widefl and deepefl; it is well fitu-ated for a col-fdhery; and Gready Ifland is very convenient to build rooms upon. The fhallop not being able to beat up, we met her as we returned, and fent her back. Clear, warm weather. At ten this morning Mr. Daubeny and I failed in the Beaver, Thlirfday25t in learch of a fealmg-poit. At night we anchored in Privy s.iv Harbour. On both the iflands which make this harbour, we faw figns of white-bears; and I killed five ladies and a duck. This harbour lies nearly Eail and Weil; the weflern enhance is clear and good, but the other is narrow and very fhoal; it widens in the middle, is perfectly fafe from all winds, and an. excellent place to conceal veflels from an enemy. A cloudy day, with a little rain in the evening. ——» At day-light we got to lea through the eaflern tickle, and 1777' • September, went into Sutton Bay, where we carne to an anchor in eight fathoms of water, over a line bottom of white fand, two miles Wind S. W. moderate, from the north, and three from the weft fhore. We then landed on the north fide, which is a pcninfula, low at the ifthmus, and rifing to a moderate fized hill towards the extremity : it fepa-rates this bay, from one on the north fide, which is very fhoal and has a prodigious furf breaking at a great diftance from the fhore. We found the water in Sutton Bay to fhoal gradually all the way in, to the peninfula; there the fhore is rocky, with fome furf breaking upon it, which at times mull be very great. It is rather too fhoal for fealing, yet I mull try it, fince there is no better thereabouts: it is well defended from all winds, except thofe between eaft and fouth-eaft, but I think it a much better place to catch foxes at; a few martens and otters may likewife be picked up there, and great plenty of firewood grows on the fpot, where a winter crew mould take up their refidcncc. We found a path acrofs the ifthmus much ufed, and faw the frefh tracks of feveral foxes, wolves and black-bears upon the beach. The fhore from Sandy Point to this ifthmus, extends about feven miles or more in length, runs almoft in a flraight line, and has a beach of fine, white fand the whole way: and from the north fide of the ifthmus, a fi-milar fhore runs in the fame diredlion, as far as we could fee. Off the point of the pcninfula lies a fmall, rocky ifland, with a narrow paffage between them. The fouth fide of this bay is formed by feveral iflands lying at fome diftance from the continent, one of which makes a fafe anchoring place for fliips of any fize, between it and the fandy beach: and the whole bay ^ feems extremely fit to ufe both a trail and a drudge in, but with what fuccefs, experience mull prove. On our return to lutie. tjie fhallop, i ordered her to proceed for the north end of Huntingdon Huntingdon Iiland. Daubeny and two hands accompanied me in the fkiff to Sandy Point, where we took in two traps which Septembc had been left there in the fpring. The fhallop not being able to get to the place appointed, we proceeded to Caribou Caftle, where we arrived at dark. Dull morning, but clear afterwards. At day-light I fent Mr. Daubeny out in the fkiff to meet the Saturday «7. fhallop, and he returned with her at eleven o'clock; when fhe Wtmdtrwtg4 proceeded to 'Paradife, to brings down the falmon. In the evening Jack went to Laar Cove, where he killed a pair or black-ducks. Dull till nine o'clock, then came on a fquall of rain; clear after. Obferving many geefe at the point of Earl Ifland this after- Sunday tg# noon, I fent a man over there, and he returned at night with Kjrong. nine and a rabbit. Sharp froft all day, with fome fhowers of fleet. Early this morning, more geefe being on the point I fent Monday 29. the fame man over again, and he foon returned with two of NjirN0Rgw' them, and four fpruce-game. Mr. Daubeny went off for the flage in a fkiff. Jack vifited the deathfalls and traps in Laar moderate. Cove, but got nothing. Clear, fharp froft all day; a cloudy, mild evening. After breakfaft I went in a fkiff with two hands round the Tuefday 30. harbour, took up all the traps, and fhot two ftrangers. A cooper, a brazier, and a taylor were at work on their reflect- moderate ive bufineffes, and two men were drawing the walls of my houfe. In the evening Jack went to Laar Cove, and brought home a goofe and two black-ducks. Vol. II. L1 Sharp 1777. Ortok-r. Sharp frofl in the morning, cold the refl of the day; clear and cloudy alternately. Wedncf. 1. At day-light the Otter and Beaver came down from Para-n^/fejiu ^ife; tne former loaded with timber for building, and the latter had fifty-nine tierces of falmon, which are the lafl. I put fome provifions into her, and at eight o'clock they both failed for n. e.frfjh. the flage. Some of the people being out of their time, they all got drunk. In the afternoon Jack went to Laar Cove and brought in a filver-fox, a black-duck, and a gull. It fnowed in the morning, and was cloudy and cold the refl of the day. In the evening I fixed a Farenheit's thermometer out for the winter, and at eight o'clock at night the mercury flood at 350. Thurfday 2. Friday 3. variable. All the people were drunk again; which always is the cafe for fome days at the expiration of their year's fervitude. Jack vifited fhe traps in Laar Cove without fuccefs. In the evening I went over to Earl Ifland, and returned at dark. Cloudy, cold weather. Ther. yh 35 °—2h 400—8h 380 All hands were at work to-day. After breakfaft I went in a fkiff'with Jack and another hand, and brought home the traps and flip from Huntingdon Ifland. Jack fhot a fhellbird, and had a very fine filver-fox in an ottertrap. I went upon the table hill and fat watching there for four hours, but faw nothing. At nine this evening the Otter and Hautboy came up from Great Ifland with eleven hands. A clear, pleafant day. Ther. f 28 °—ih 55 °-—8h 38 °. Saturday 4. variable. At nine this morning the Hautboy with three hands failed for White-bear River. The refl of the people were cutting firewood firewood and drawing my houfe till two o'clock, when rain ^"A— obliged them to defift. . oaobcr. Clear in the forenoon, and rained afterwards. Ther. 7h q8° Win* ™ d E, freflt. — I2h 421-°—8h 400. Sunday 5, N. E. frejh. little and calm* The Otter was laid on fhore this morning's tide, that we might flop her leaks. We found the fpring in her keel, and one learn on her ftarboard bulge to be very bad. Jack went to Laar Cove and brought a goofe and a hawk : he faw the flot of feveral deer on Great Marfh, which had been chafed by wolves. Mofl of the people were drunk again. Thick, moid, mild weather. Ther. yh 40 °—i2h 440—8h 430. Very little work was done to-day, the people not being quite Monday 6. fober. At high-water this morning the Otter was hauled off s' w' ^mart' and moored. In the evening Jack went round his traps, in which were an owl and a jay; he faw more frefh flot of deer in the marfh. Moifl, lowring weather. Ther. jK 43 0—121' 48 0—8h 45 0. moderate. Tuefday 7. calm. N, E. Jlrong. We heaved down the Otter at the wharf, and had the leak in her ftarboard fide calked. Two men were drawing the ftorehoufe, and the reft cutting firewood for a fhort time only; being driven off by the weather. Jack went round the traps, and tailed two flips on the bank of Great Marfh. I vifited fome of them, and faw frefh flot of deer in a fmall marfh by the back fhore. Clofe, foggy weather till noon; afterwards it both rained and fnowed. Ther. yh 42°—ih 38 °. The people were at work all this day. Jack went round his Wcdncf- 8. traps, and brought home a porcupine; he faw the frefh Hot of a deer upon Signal Hill. L I2 Cloudy N. £. hard. 1777* Ottober. Thurfday g. Wind N. N. W. N. moderate. Jlrong. moderate. Friday 10. S. S. E. moderate. kard. Saturday ll, W. Jltrmy. Cloudy weather, with fmall hail at times. Ther. ;]l 38*— ih37°— 6h34°. All the people were at work. Jack tailed a flip in a marfh on the fouth fide of the harbour; and I vifited the traps, in which was a filver-fox, and fhot a fpruce-game with my rifle. All the flops were put out to air. Clear, frofly weather. Ther. yh 280—4h 350—8h 330 N. B. My thermometer I believe is not true; the mercury feems to fland about three degrees higher than it ought to do. The people were at work till noon, when they were driven off by the weather. After breakfafl I went out in a fkiff, but was foon obliged to return. I knocked down three eider-ducks, but got only one of them. Hazy weather till noon, it rained the reft of the day, and cleared up at night. Ther. yh 340—2h 390—8h 400. It blew fo heavy a gale of wind all lalt night, that this morning I found twelve feet of the ridge of the flore-houfe, and" eight feet of the wall-plate of the flore-room uncovered: and as the gale continued all this day, I had them botched up only for the prefent. At four in the afternoon the Hautboy returned from White-bear River, and brought the coopers, fome empty cafks, fome hoops and two beavers. In croffmg Sandwich Bay, the fea ran fo high, that it tore out the flem of the fkiff by the neglecl of the crew, and fhe was loft. They came to an anchor a little above the wharf, but as it was impofhble to fend a fkiff on board,I made them a fignal to run the boat on fhore; which they did, without doing any damage. The fea ran over the wharf, from end to end, and the tide was as high as at any of the fpring tides. Ther. f 28a—2h 320— 8h 33°. Jack Jack went round his traps; he had a crofs-fox, and (hot a goofe. In the evening, we got the Hautboy off. stik^i* Cloudy weather. Ther. 7h 36°—-i2h 390—8h 320. v,w. frejh. At feven this morning, I fent the Hautboy off for the flage Monday 13. wTith three hands ; foon after, finding that four of the other w. s. w. people were run away, I took a fkiff with four hands, and jmartt went myfelf alfo. I arrived there at two in the afternoon, and found that Mr. Bruce had returned from Charles Harbour; that the Squirrel had been forced from her anchors on Saturday lafl, driven on fhore upon the eaft fide of the harbour and was bulged ; and that the Stag's punt had broke adrift and was loft. In the evening, the runaways appeared on Slink Point and made a fignal for a boat; but I would not fuffer one to go for them. Dark lowering weather all day, and it fnowed hard all night. celm. In the night, a fkiff broke adrift from the ftern of the fhip Tuefday 14, and drove away. Mr. Collingham fhot three groufe, and I one by the houfe. The fea wafhed into the flage, and carried away many of the pofts and fhores. Drifting fnow all day. J\'.£. N. formy. It blew a very heavy gale of wind all this day, with froft and Wednef. 15, fnow. The fea broke into the flage, from end to end, wafhed „ ^rL fome of the fide-boards, pofts, and fhores down, and I thought it would have carried it away entirely. The Hautboy, riding hcavygahu at the flage head, parted her road and drove on fhore near the falt-houfe; we got her off in the evening, and moved her to the fandy beach, where fhe was laid on fhore ; fhe had taken very little damage, except the lofs of her rudder. Moft of the fhips water-calks, and her new foreyard, were wafhed off the beach ; all of which were driven away. 1777. Oaober. Thurfday 16. Wind N. W. N. formy. Friday 17. JV. W. hard gales. Saturday 18. N, W. Jlrong. fmart. frefh. Sunday 19, N. moderate. little. S. W. little. The gale continued all this day with frofl and cloudy weather. The fea broke into the flage, and the fpray flew quite over it and fome of the piles of dry fifh. The fhip's long boat filled laft night, as flic rode aliern. In the evening, Mr. Daubeny got a fkiff into the water and went on board the fhip and fhallop, to fee what flate they were in. I fhot a hare and a brace of groufe upon this ifland. The gale continued all this day likewife, with cloudy, frofly weather j but it did not blow quite fo flrong as yeflerday. Having fpread the water-horfe, we opened the piles; wegot the Charles Harbour fifh out of the flage and then unroofed it for the winter. I fent the fhip's long-boat and a fkiff acrofs the harbour, to pick up what they could find ; they got the fhip's fore-yard and water-calks, with fome other things, but both the fkiff andpunt were wrecked, in the afternoon, I had the Squirrel blocked up for the winter. The fhoal in the mouth of Blackguard Bay, broke very high to day ; yet there is five fathoms of water upon it. A clear, mild day, and both the wind and fea abated faft. This morning we got the Beaver and Hautboy to the flage head, and fhipped off fome victualling fifh, the rinds, and the winter hands. At half pafl nine, I fet off in the Hautboy for home, accompanied by Mr. Collingham and feven hands, and brought the fluff along with me; leaving the Beaver to follow, which flic did at noon. At three o'clock, being no farther from Venifon Head than the gull-rock, I went forward in the fkiff and got home at nine o'clock, when I found, that the runaways had returned on Thurfday, almofl dead with hunger, fatigue and cold ; having had nothing but kelps to eat all that time, no houfe t— —~n Otiobcr. Wind S. W. Utile. Monday 20, N. IV. moderate. houfe to take fhciter in, nor could the weather have been worfe at this feafon. I was alfo informed, that the platform of the wharf was carried away by the late gales, which caufed the tide to rife fo much higher than ufual, that it flowed over the greateft part of my little garden, and deftroyed many fine cauliflowers and cabbages; it waited a foot high, againfl the front of the ftorehoufe. Clear, mild weather. Both boats arriving in the night, I fent the fealers off for Sutton Bay, to build their winter-houfe; and by the refl I had the roof of the ftore-houfe properly repaired, and the Otter ballalted. In the mean time, I ferved out to the- coopers part of their winter provilions. Clear, mild weather. 'Flier. 4h 390—c/ 310 Obfervation. On Monday lait, when I went away from this place, it blew a fmart gale, but as foon as we got to Black Head, which is fcarcely two miles from hence, we had very little wind; before the evening, it became a dead calm, which continued until midnight, when the gale came on at Great Ifland: here, the weflerly wind continued to blow with the fame force, until four in the afternoon; it then fhifted to north-eaft, and immediately blew exceedingly hard, attended with much fnow. The diftance from this place to Great Ifland, is about fifteen miles; the true bearings, Eaft and Weft. I fhipped off more provifions for the coopers, on board the TuetHay p.a Otter. Two hands were mending nets, two drawing the ftorc- N' P'JW* houfe, two cutting firewood, and the reft were occupied va-rioufly. Jack went round his traps and fhot a goofe. At eleven at night Mr. Collingham returned in the Beaver, having landed part of die iealing-crew, their rinds, &c. A clear, frofly day. Ther. yh 280— 4h34°— 8h 280. Haying* 177/- October. Wcdnef. 22. Wind N. E. moderate. Thurfday 23. S. W. moderate. Friday 24. N. little. Saturday 25, W. Sunday 26; S. W. moderate. Having fitted out the coopers, I fent them off at one in the afternoon in the Otter and Hautboy for Paradife. I then began to lit out the boat-builders' crew, and lent Jack to look at the traps, with orders to go forward to Goofe Cove and remain there a few days, to Ihoot geefe. A clear, delightful day, with gentle froft. Ther. 7h 290— 1 35°--8h3i0. _ . I (flipped off provifions for the builders' crew on board the Beaver. After dinner I went round the traps but got nothing. At eleven o'clock at night, Mr. Daubeny came up in a fkiff; and at twelve, Captain Kinloch and Mr. Bruce arrived in the Stag, and informed me, that the fhip's cargo was all on board. A clear, pleafant day. Ther. 711 2\°—ih 400—Bh 340 I was writing letters, and fettling the people's accompts all day. At noon, Jack returned, and brought only a groufe and a mur. Cloudy, fine weather, with gentle froft. Ther. 7^250—ih 36°—8h3i°- I fhipped off provifions and other goods for Charles Harbour, wrote letters, and fettled the fervants' accounts. In the evening a man of Wrixon's arrived here from the head of Table Bay, and complaining of the tooth ache, I drew him a tooth. Ther. 7h 290—ih 360—8h 330. I employed myfelf as yeflerday. This morning a large flag was feen at the head of the harbour ; one of the people went after him, but could not get a fhot. Jack went to Earl Ifland and killed a brace of fpruce-game. Cloudy, mild weather. Ther. 7h 360—ih 400—8h 34* I was *777-Oflober. Monday 27, Wind N. W. fr'Jh. I was engaged as before. At eight this morning, the Otter returned from Paradife. At ten o'clock a fkiff went off for the flage; Jack and Wrixon's man went on board to be landed, and left on Huntingdon Illand until her return. At breakfaft this morning, I cut the forefinger of my left hand, juft below the firil joint, and divided the tendon, which I expecl will never unite again. A net was put out for bav feals. Cloudy, mild weather, with a little rain in the morning. Ther. 7h 400—ih 400—-8h 270. This morning I fmifhed all my writing bufinefs and fitted Tuefday 28. out the Charles Harbour crew. At noon, Daubeny, Kinloch, Bruce, and thofe fervants who are not to remain here during the winter, failed for the flage in the Stag. From this place, Daubeny had ordeis to proceed to Charles Harbour with a fealing crew and all the difcharged fervants; and to endeavour to get the latter a paffage home. Kinloch is to fail in the fhip, with the firft fair wind for Leghorn, and Bruce goes paffenger with him. I then went round the trap and deathfalls, and found the yellow fox caught, whofe leg Jack brought in on the fifteenth ult. A foggy day. Ther. yh 220—ih 300—8h 25°. N. frejh. moderate,1 little, N. E. little. S. E. little. After breakfaft, I went out in a fkiff and hauled the feal-net, Wednef. 29> then landed and vifited the traps; moft of which had been rob- 5*w- bed by jays. I fhot two and a groufe, and my greyhound kil- N.frejii. led a fquirrel. The boat-builder's crew was fitted out, and at eight this evening, they failed in the Beaver for Cartwright River. A fharp, clear day. Ther. 7h 250—ih 300—8h 27°. At ten o'clock this morning I went out in a fkifi; and obferv- Thur% 30. ing that Jack had made a fignal for a boat, I took him in ; he Vol. II. M m s.w.imie. *777-October. Wind Friday 31, N. N. E. hard. fmart. November. Saturday 1. [N. hard. /V W. moderate, N. N. E. Sunday 2. N w. moderate. W. had feen a brace of deer, but had killed only a brace of fpruce-game and a ptarmigan. We proceeded to one of the duck illands, and found a trap which had been loft ; then rowed into Egg Harbour, and picked up the traps which Jack took with him on Monday: and on our return, brought away the three large traps which were on the fouth fhore. We met four of my late fervants, who had hired themfelves again, coming up in a fkiff; they brought a letter from Mr. Daubeny, dated yeflerday, informing me that he fhould fail in the night; and that the fhip then lay at fingle anchor, ready for fea. Cloudy weather, with fharp froft in the morning, but milder afterwards, and it fnowed a little in the evening. Ther. jh 210 —i2h 280 —8h 270. I fhipped off fome provifions and craft for the fealers, on board the Otter. At noon, Wrixon, a planter who deals with Mr. Coghlan, came here, to give me fome inftructions concerning the art of tailing traps, and he fhot an otter by the way. It fnowed all the forenoon, dull afterwards, with gentle froft. Ther. 7h 330 —i2h 280 —8h 270. In the courfe of this day, I finifhed fitting out the fealers, The two boys went round the harbour in a fkiff, to pick up drift-wood. At noon Wrixon and I went round my traps and frefh tailed them. It fnowed hard with drift till noon, afterwards it wTas clear, with fharp frofl. Ther. 8h 210 —1211 160 —8h 160. At day-light I fent Mr. Collingham and a crew in the Otter, to land the fealers provifions and craft in Sutton Bay. At eight o'clock the Beaver returned with the builder and his crew. Cartwright River being frozen up, they could not get into it; at five in the evening they failed for Paradife, to winter there, I had the the feal-net taken up, and fome ballaft put upon the wharf, r—^—1 Wrixon fet off homewards. November, A clear, fine, fharp day. Ther. 8h 160 —i2h 25—8h iq°. s. s.e. I went round my traps and faw a few groufe, but no fign of Monday 3. fur. The flore-houfe was frefh flowed. A good deal of fnow fell lafl night. A dark day. Ther. 8h 240 —2h 200 —8h 240. I calked and payed a fkiff; and mended and altered feveral Tuefday 4. traps to-day. s- Dull in the morning, fnowed at noon, and rained at night. Ther. 8h 290 —2h 370 —8h 400. After breakfaft I went in a fkiff with the women up the har- Wcdnef- 5- bour, and tailed five traps for otters in the manner which Wrixon ' '/rtJh' taught me; and I obferved, that the rubbingplaces had been little> much ufed lately. All the fnow is gone off the ground. frejh. Morning dull, noon clear, rained in the evening, Ther. 8h 400 —12h 43—Hh 380. At eight o'clock the Otter returned from the fealing-poft, and Thurfday 6. proceeded immediately for Paradife to winter there; but the tide f wm 11 n r moderate. turning before fhe got through the narrows, fhe anchored above the iflands. I vifited my traps, and had a filver-fox and a large, lead-coloured falcon in them. Clear, mild weather. Ther. 8h 310 —2h 350 —8h 310. I altered and repaired fome more traps, and did fome other Fri work about the houfe. The Otter failed in the night. s. w. tittle. Fog and filver thaw till noon; it rained afterwards. Ther. 8h 340 —2h 37« —8h 430. £.'5. e. M m 2 I vifited <—j£—l 1 vifited my traps and had a filver-fox. Jack went to his, NoveJXef. and fhot a groufe. *uljw * A little fleet in the morning. Ther. yh 300—io!l 330—8h 270. Sunday 9. Hard gales with fharp frofl all day. IV. N. IV. Ther. 8'1 220—1211 270—8'1 250. Monday 10. I went round the ottertraps but had nothing; then walked w-^1- upon Earl Ifland, and tailed a large trap for a deer, A clear, frofly day. Ther. yh 210 —ioh 250 —Sh 210. Tuefday it. This morning, mofl of the flill part of the harbour was frozen s.E.iutu. over> but the greatefl part of it was clear again by night. I jlrong. went round my traps, killed a groufe on the hill and faw two others. Dull, mild weather. Ther. 8h 210 —4h 320 —8h 360. Wcdncf. 12. Jack chopped out a large trap, which had been tailed in a s. w. hard. Wet place and was frozen in. I cut the feal-net off from the foot-rope (it not being fufliciently flretched) and caught a gull w. hard. Jjj tne garden. Cloudy weather; mild in the morning, but fharp afterwards; clear at night. Ther. 8h 330 —i2h 290 —8h 320. Thurfday 13. Iflretched the foot-rope of the feal-net, and brought it to s.fr'jh. again. I am afraid we fhall have another bad fealing feafon, utf/e. becaufe the weather continues fo mild. Fog and rain in the morning, and fome fnow in the afternoon. Ther. 8h 37° —i2h 330 —9h 300. Friday fcV I went round my traps, and fhot three groufe. w.jman. Clear weather. Ther. 8h 24° —ih 260 --~9h 220. Took Took a walk with my gun round Signal Hill, and through <—^—> the woods on the fouth fide of it to the harbour, and killed a November, groufe. . Salurcby *5' Wind Clear, fharp day, Ther. 8h 210 —iohi7° —ih 190—ioh 130. w. After breakfaft, I went in the fkiff with the two boys, to Hun- Sunday 16. tingdon Illand. In Egg Harbour we faw fome geefe and a fox; 1 landed on the eaft fide of it, and fent the boat to wait for my return at the weft fide j I walked from thence to the eaft ward, into w. the valley which runs down to the next cove, then turned up ^rcJIi' it to the uppermoft pond, and round to the boat. I faw fome old flot of deer on the fnow ; alfo the tracks of feveral rabbits, a few foxes, and fome fpruce-game. The boys killed three fpruce-game and a groufe. We made a fire in the woods and lay by it. A clear, fharp day. Ther. 8h y° — ih 190 —8h 50. At eight o'clock this morning we fet off homewards, and ar- Monday 17. rived at eleven. In the evening I put out the feal-net off Brocket w- v Wm Point, and was informed, that the beer froze in the kitchen yeflerday. Clear, fharp day. Ther. 8h 6°—12h 11°—8h 90. I burnt out the fkiff, as fhe had much ice in her, and frefh Tuefday 18. flowed, and took an account of the medicines. Clear and fharp weather. Ther. 8h 6°—ih 11°—8h 70. Going in the fkiff with the two boys round the ottertraps, w***f- l9* I brought all away but one. 1 landed upon Earl Ifland at the narrows, and walked upon the barrens there, but faw no frefh flot of deer. The ftill part of this harbour, Muddy Bay, Dykes River, and from thence to Longftretch; as well as all along the fouth end of Earl Ifland, are now fall with ice : and much loofe ice medtratti r—^—> ice is driving with the tide through the harbour. I killed two November, eider-ducks. Clear, fharp weather. Ther. 8h o°—i2h n°—8h n". Thurfday 20. This morning all thofe parts of the harbour, where the tide does not run (Irong, were fall; and the reft was covered with large fheets of thin ice : as alfo the Flatts, and Huntingdon Harbour; but moil of it drove olf with the ebb. I vifited my traps, but faw no fign of fur in my walk. Jack carried out three more traps to his walks; he fhot a fpruce-game, faw the tracks of a brace of foxes, and obferved that a martin had efca ped from a trap. Clear, fharp weather. Ther. 8h 20—2h 11°—ioh 50. I walked out to the feal-net, but found the ice not ftrong enough for me to attempt cutting it out. I then took a turn round Signal Hill, but faw nothing. A fharp, cloudy day. Ther. 8h o°—d1 u°—8h 21 °. Wind calm. S. W. moderate. calm. Friday 21, $. W. frejh. Saturday 22. jack vilited his traps, and put out more. He fhot a fpruce-game and a horned owl, and faw the frefh flot of deer near Salt Meadow ; fome had gone each way. I walked round Signal Hill and killed a groufe. A goofe appeared, notwithflanding the latenefs of the feafon. N.E.frfii. j± little fmall fnow fell this afternoon, the weather was dull and mild, and a great deal of ice broke up and drove out of the harbour. Ther. 8h 320—ioh 33°—-8h 290. s. s, w. little, calm. S. little. Sunday 23. The two boys went to the decrtrap on Earl Ifland, and killed a brace of groufe. A great deal of ice drove into the harbour with the wind, and almoft choked it up. Mild, dull weather, with fmall fnow. Ther. 30° all day. I cu We cut the feal-netout of the ice, and brought it home. Taking <—"f^ Jack with me round fome of my traps, I tailed four others for November, foxes, and two large ones for deer or bears. Laar Cove was M°^Z 24" full of lolly, from the point of the entrance into this harbour N-™*eraU< to Black Head; the fouth fide of this tickle and the fouth fide of the harbour are now quite firm. Cloudy, mild weather, with a little fnow. Ther. 8h 300— 2h 280— 8h 240. Launching the fkiff to Flagftaff Point, I got her into the water, T.ief.lay a5; and went to the eafl end of Earl Ifland, where I faw a filver- s- mo^ra^ fox, fome groufe, and much trackings of foxes. I tailed two s. 5. nr. traps in a path there, then returned and hauled the boat up at the eaflern point of the tickle. I had an opportunity of mooting at a goofe to-day, although it is very late in the year for thofe birds to be feen. Jack killed a groufe. Cloudy, mild weather. Ther. 8h 16°—8h P. M. 240. At ten this morning, taking the two boys with me in the w*dneC a6i fkiff, I fet out on a cruife. We went as far as the Hare Iflands, 5" W'hUlt* where, finding a jam of ice between them and the main land, I landed upon the latter, fent the boat back to Pumbly Point, and walked round the ihore to that place. On my way I fhot a fpruce-game, and tailed a trap near Goofe Cove Brook for a rabbit, as I had no inducement to tail for any thing elfe. We haided up the fkiff at Pumbly Point, made a fire in the woods, and paffed the night by it. Weather as yeflerday. Ther. 8h 260—3h P. M. 300. At day-light I fent Jack for the trap, with orders to crofs Thurfday 87. the ridge of Black Head ; there he faw many tracks of martens, N° E' M * and killed feven fpruce-game. I took the other boy with me, and. went to the top of Old Daddy ; by the way I killed a porcupine, f 1777* November. cupine, and, from fome circumftances, I was led to fuppofe that there were not only many of them, but alfo of martens. After tailing a trap there for a fox, we returned home and hauled the boat up at the Flagftaff. Cloudy and mild all day; after dark the fky cleared, and the Aurora Borealis appeare'd very bright. Ther. 8h 310—2h34° —8h 29 °. Friday 28. Wind calm. S. moderate. Saturday 29. S, W. Rule, E. little. After breakfaft I went in the fkiff, with the boys, to the traps on Earl Ifland, and found a yellow-fox in one, but the other was robbed. From thence we went to Diver Illand, where we faw three foxes, viz. a filver, a crofs, and a yellow ; I tailed four traps in paths, then croffed to the middle of Earl Ifland, and tailed one there in a path oppofite to the ifland rock. One of the boys fhot a groufe. Much ice is gone off within thefe few days. Cloudy, mild day. Ther. 8'1 260— 12* 300— 8h 28 °. At day-break I fent the two boys in the fluff, to look at the otter and deer trap on Earl Illand. Several otters had been over the one, and a deer had flruck up the other. They faw frefh flot of feveral deer, and killed three fpruce-game. I went round my walk; fome foxes had been in it, and one had fet his foot wdthin the jaws of a trap, but did not touch the bridge. I killed eleven fpruce-game and a groufe. In the evening Jack went to fome of his traps; both foxes and martens had been at them, but none were caught; he brought home a large trap from my walk. Mild, cloudy weather. Ther. 8h 300— ih 330—8h 280. Sunday 3o. Early this morning I went in the fkiff to Earl Ifland. Send-w. frejhi ing her to the farthefl brook, I landed in the firfl cove on the fouth fide, and walked up the valley to the marfh; then turned turned wed ward along the ifland, looked at the deertrap, fet- —» tied it afrefh, and went to the top of the burnt hill over the Nuv',;..lUcr. north-welt point, where I fat watching for fome time. After ^. rf which, merely by accident and contrary to my intention, I s. crofted upon the trap in my way back to the boat, and by this wandering, prevented the poor Indian boy (Jack) from loofing his leg, at lcaft, nay perhaps I faved his life; for, feeing me upon the hill, he intended to come to me, but in flepping over the trap, his foot Hipped, and daggering back, he was caught by one $ w. leg above the calf; confequently he mult have remained a pri- fbner there all night, as we fhould have had no conjecture of his accident, until it had been too late to look for him ; and by the morning, all below the jaws of the trap would have been frozen in fuch manner, that his leg mult have been amputated. Fortunately, the fprings of the trap being weak, the teeth did not' enter; nor was his leg worfe for the accident. When I came up to him, he fmiled in my face and humouroufly faid, rt Here is a young fool of a deer caught at laft." We faw the (lot of fome deer, and much trackings of foxes and rabbits. On our calmt return to the boat, we made a fire and lay by it. Clear, fharpifh weather. Ther. 8h 160—ih it/—8'1 250. At day-light I fent the boys to tail another large trap for deer, December, in a path under the large weflern hill, and on their return, I took Monday l-up the ottertrap and tailed it for a fox ; then went to the eaflern m twk. point of the ifland, found one of the traps there robbed of its covering-cloth, fhifted the other into a path and returned home. frejh. Dull, mild weather, with fmall, moifl fnow. After breakfaft I went in the fkiff with the boys to the traps Tuefday s. on Diver Ifland. One of mine was flruck up, a fine filver-fox s was in another, and a good crofs-fox in a third. I faw another ^ fox, and fhould have had either a fhot at, or courfed him if he Vol. II. Nn had _y\.__^ 1777. December. Wind frflu Wcdnef. 3. 5. W. frejlu had not accidentally changed his route. I tailed two more traps on Earl Illand, and baited thein; as alfo I did one on Diver illand. I oblcrved, that there were great numbers of loxes on bodi. Very mild, foggy weather with a little fmall fnow at times. Ther. 8h 310—2h 310—8h 320. Jack and I vifited our traps in the home walks ; no fign of furs about mine, but many foxes had been near his; they had been upon four traps which would not ftrike up, and Jack had the leg of a filver fox in another; he brought four home out of his cat-path. Glcar, fharp weather. Ther. 8!l 200—3h 260—8h 200. Thurfday 4, At fix this morning I fent the two boys to look at the trap on Pumbly Point, and to tail it and four others, which they took variable. with them, in the woods, between that place and Laar Pond. Several foxes had been upon that trap, but it was drifted over. They returned at night with a fmall hawk. I went my fliort frtjh- walk, but nothing had been in it. Char, fharp Weather all day, with fmall fnow at night. Ther. 9h 220—3h 250—8h 240. Friday 5: Some holes in the ftore-houfe were chinfed. I began a w s w groufe-nct, and worked upon it molt part of the day. jformy. A clear day, fharp froft and much drift. Ther. 8h 13°— [mart. ^ go ^ ^ Saturday 6. w s. w. frejh. Jack and I went round our home walks. A wolf had gone over one of my large traps, but had fet his foot on the jaw only; he went over one of Jack's alfo, but it was too much loaded with drift: no fign of any thing clfe. Every place was frozen faff this morning, except in the ftrength of the tide in the tickles* Ther. 8h f below o- -2h 2° below o—9h 2° below o. N. N. E. The boys went to the top of Signal Hill, to fee in what flate r-^V-—» the ice was; and they reported, that it was fall every where, December, except in fome fmall fpots in the tickles. They met with a Sunday 7. • Wind brace of groufe, and killed one. The well being now frozen s.frjh. up, we began to ufe fnow-water for all purpofes. A clear day. Ther. 8h y° below o.—ih 20—8h 7*. Jack and I attempted to crofs the ice to Earl Hind, but Mondays, finding it weak, we turned back, and went round our home walks; no fign of furs in either. I brought one of my traps home, and killed a groufe. Small fnow all day, and it drifted at night. Ther. 8h 12*— It blew a gale of wind, attended with drifting fnow all day. Tuefday 9. Ther. 8h i6°—2h 140—8h 150. This morning Jack and I crofled the ice to Earl Ifland above Wednef. io. the tickle. I then fent him to vifit the deertraps, and that which was tailed for a fox; but he could not find the latter, and the former were quite drifted over. He cleared and fettled them afrefli, and faw the frefh flot of fome deer, which had been feeding yeflerday about the ponds. On his return he obferved, that three deer were jufl gone towards the fouth part of the illand acrofs his track. I went to my traps at the eaflend of the ifland; the firfl I could not find, but fhifted the other there, and baited them all with old Chefhire chcefe and honey. Jufl as I had finifhed the lafl, a crofs-fox came out of the woods to windward, and turned downwards; as foon as he winded fome bits of the chcefe which I had thrown at a diflance, he flopped as if to confider whether he fhould venture to eat them or not, at lafl advancing with the greatefl care, and trying the fnow with his feet as he went along, he crept up and took them ; growing more bold, he then trotted up and Nn'2 fet r—--. fet one loot fairly within the trap, but not touching the bridge, December, he was not caught. At the fame time, either winding or feeling the trap, or perhaps winding my footftep on a rock clofe by, he gave a hidden fpring, and ran off at full fpeed. I lay all the time flat upon the ice at the waters edge, and on ob-m s. w. fcrving him go off I fired at him, but having only fmall fhot, and being full fixty yards off, he was not much the worfe for it. He crofled the ice to Diver Ifland, and if my greyhound had not turned home this morning, on account of the fharpnefs of the froft, he would had an excellent courfe. I returned home acrofs the lower part of the tickle, where I found the ice firm and good. A clear day, and very fharp in the wind. Ther. 8h 2°— f 7°— 8h 70. Thurfday it. Jack and I went round our traps at the eaft end of Earl Ifland, 5. w.jrtjiu a]r0 Qn rjiver Illand. One of his was gone, nor could we find it; both of mine had the canvafs pulled off, and a fox had gone on one of them, but being too much loaded with drift it could not ftrike up. I do not approve of Wrixon's way of covering foxtraps with canvafs, for on fmelling it they pull it off; I will therefore pracdife it no longer. There were >v. v. iv. but few foxes on Diver Ifland, but a great run on the north JrrJh' fide of Earl Ifland. Clear, pleafant weather. Ther. 8h io°—%} 190—8h 200. Friday ». Jac^ went to the cat-traps, but they were fo covered with N.w.' f:>ow, that they could not ftrike up; plenty of martens had been about them, and one trap being broken he brought it home. I went upon Earl Illand to look for the deer, but lav-no frefh fign of them; nor could 1 find the trap which I ta Id for a fox on the firft of this month. I fixed afpnng-fnare for a fox, on the point under the t A hill. Clear day. Ther. 8h io°~2h io°—8h 6°. Jack little, mode iute. Jack and I went our home walks; he had a marten,but there were no figns of foxes. December. 0 uii u a Saturday 13. A clear, pleafant day. Ther. 8h i° below o—2h 14 —9h 240. Wnd $, iv. W. JreJIu Jack fhewed the other boy (Terence Bryan) the traps which Sunday 14. are upon the illands; as I intend taking the former with me to calm' Sutton Bay to-morrow, if the weather prove fine. s. hard. Hazy day, lhowed at night. Ther. 8h 200—2h 29 0—911 340. Obferving bad weather at hand, I defered my jaunt to Sut- ., , 0 J ' Monday 15, ton Bay, and took a walk upon Signal Hill and faw a brace of 5. littU, groufe, but killed neither of them; I had a yellow-fox. Dull, mild weather, with a little fnow all day, and drifted hard n. jirong, at night. Ther. 8h 340—2h 34I0—8h 26^. It blew hard, with drifting fnow all day, but moderated at Tuefday 16. night. Ther. 8h 2 c0— 2h 200—oh 1 c°. N- N- w- Jack vifited my traps on Diver Ifland, and his own in his Wcdncf. 17. home walk; he killed a brace of groufe, but faw no figns of JSjJZL foxes. I went round my home traps; a fox or two had been at fome of them, but they were all fo much drifted over, that not one would ftrike up. Pleafant day. Ther. 8h f—2h 1 f—gh y°. This morning I intended to fet off for Sutton Bay, but find- Thurfday 18, ing my fled-dog lame, I defered my journey and went to caim-Pinchgut Point and Alder Head. I took a trap from Signal 11 ill and tailed it at the former place, where I faw plenty of trackings of both foxes and groufe. I fent Jack to look at the w.tittu. cat-traps, and from thence to the eaflern end of Huntingdon Iiland, with leave to flay a few days, if he thought proper. A bright, fine day. Ther. 8h i° below o—i2h 50 below o—■ 8h5°. I went t—^— 1777. December. Friday 19. Wind variable. little* I went round my home walk, but faw no fign of any thing; I dug for, and found a trap which was drifted over on Tuefday laft. Jack returned at dark and brought a marten. He law fome flot of deer not very old, a prodigious deal of fox trackings, one fox, and feveral otters; two of which he fhot, but got neither of them. Dull till noon, and fnowed afterwards, with mild weather. Ther. 8h io° —2h io° —8h 300. Saturday 20. W. S. W. Sunday 21: S; little. W. frejh. N. N. W. Monday 2 3. 5. S. IV. frefh. Tuefday 23; Wedncf. 24. W. fmart. I was netting all day, and finifhed my groufe-net at night. Dull, mild weather with fnow. Ther. 8h 200 —zh 150 —8h io°. It is impoffible to have a good fealing feafon, with fuch mild weather. I fent the boys off for the fealing-poft, with a letter to the head-man, and a fled to bring the traps home, and alfo fome carcaffes for the dogs. After breakfaft I walked round part of the harbour. Hazy, fharp weather. Ther. 8h 4' •2" 10 h Qo I went round my home traps and fettled then^afrefh, but faw no fign of furs. Hazy, fharp weather. Ther. 8h 20 below o—2h 90—8h n°. Moderate breezes and dull, mild weather till near noon; ftrong gales and fharp weather, with fnow and drift afterwards. Ther. 8h 310—2h 190— 8h 8°. At fun-fet this evening the head-man, three of his crew, and one of the boys returned from Sutton Bay: they informed me, that they had not feen one feal all the feafon; but that foxes, martens, white-bears, ducks and groufe had been in tolerable plenty about them. They brought the fkins of five martens, and and three foxes; alfo feven groufe. At eight o'clock, Jack and the other fealer arrived ; they parted from the reft by the way, and went to look at the beaverdaoufe in Cartwright River,where they killed agrou'e and faw but little appearance of any thing, except thofe birds. A clear, fevere day. Ther. 8h 160 below o—2h 6° below o— —8h 12° below o. Jack looked at the trap on Pinchgut Point, and tailed one on Alder Head. Dull, fharp weather all day. Ther. 8h 40 below,0—1 ih 8°—. 8h io°. It blew hard with drifting fnow all day, but moderated and cleared at night. Ther. 8h 13 •2h i3«. ■8h 30 below o. I fent all the fealers home this morning, but the cooper being intoxicated, I did not think it prudent that he fhould accompany them. Jack went to Karl, and Diver Ifland, and brought all the traps from the latter place, as no foxes frequent thofe illands now. I went round my ho:m* walk, in which I killed three ptarmigans and a groufe ; and faw the track of one fox, but he had not gone near any traps. I fet two fnarcs for rabbits in my dea Jifall-path. ( fear, fharp weather. Ther, 8h i° below 0—uh P. M. io° below o. 1777. December. Wind moderate. Tuefday 25, calm. W. tittle, N.IV. Friday 26. N. E. n. IV. Saturday 27, W. N. W, moderate, The cooler went home this morning;, In the afternoon, I Sunday 28. n. IV. A clear, {harp day, Ther. jh 160 below o—i2h 50 below o— 8h 16" below o. took a w lk round Signal Hill. Jack tailed two traps, and laid fome poifon-balls upon Hun- M6n&y 29. tingdon Ifland ; he vifited his cat-traps like wife, and returned calm' at —^-i 1777. December, Wind w. s. w. little. N. W. £. moderate. fmart. hard. Tuefday 30. W. at night without any thing. He faw the tracks of fome foxes on the illand, and of wolves which had croffed the ice towards Signal Hill. I carried out a trap, tailed it on the fouth fide of Earl Ifland and afterwards walked acrofs the barrens, but faw nothing. Two of Wrixon's people came here this afternoon, with a letter from him. They informed me, that feals were very plentiful in Table Bay on Tuefday lafl; that they faw many deer upon Ledge Ifland on the fame day ; that foxes were very fcarce with them, and alfo about Sandhill Cove : for which rcafon, Wrixon's furrier was come away from thence. Clear till one this afternoon, but it fnowed hard the remainder of the day; very fharp in the morning, but mild in the evening. Ther. 8h 210 below o—21' 50 —81' 140. It blew hard with drift and fharp frofl ail day. Terence Bryan's face was burnt with the frofl. Ther. 8h 140—2h P.M. i° below o. Wednef, 31. W. Jlrong, moderate. 1778. January. Thurfday i, W.frefi. I went to the flore-houfe this afternoon, and found the roof at the eafl end of it, ripped off by the wind ; and a ; ood deal of fnow drifted in ; returning home, my nofe was burnt with the froft, as was alfo the face of one of Wrixon's men who went with me ; but the immediate application of fnow prevented any bad effecds. I began another groufe-net. The wind was fo fharp, both yeflerday and to-day, that it was fcarce poflible to face it. A clear day. Ther, 8h 140 below below o. i!l io° below o—8h 120. After breakfaft, Wrixon's people went oft homeward. I went round my home walk and fettled my traps afrelh, but faw no figns of any furs. At three o'clock this afternoon, the boat-builder, builder, and three other men came here from Paradife, and brought a letter from Mr. Collingham, with a couple of rabbits and three brace of groufe; he informed me, that both the wooders and coopers were going on very well with their winter work, but that he had no profpecf. of killing many furs; having as yet caught only three martens. Thefe people left home yeflerday morning, and laft night they lay in the woods, abreaft of Duck Ifland. Clear, fevere weather. Ther. 8h 14° below o—zh 120 below o—8h 14° below o. I went to the flore-houfe and ferved out fome things to the people, and on my return, my nofe was burnt again. Clear, fevere weather. Ther. 8h 180 below o—2h 90 below o—8h 140 below o. At eleven o'clock this morning I fent the bay-men off homeward. Jack went round his home walk, in which he faw a filver-fox and the frefh tracks of feveral others ; all his traps were robbed, but none would ftrike up, being greatlyJoadcd with drift: he took up two, and carried them to the narrows. I vifited my two traps on Signal Hill, and the one at the eaft point of Earl Ifland, which I brought home. No figns of any furs, except that of one wrolf, which had gone up the tickle into the harbour, fome days ago. I killed a ptarmigan. Some fmall fnow in the morning and evening, the reft of the day was clear, and the weather milder than ufual. Ther. 8h 40 below o—i2h 20 —911 40. Little wind, with fnow in the morning, but hard gales, with fnow and drift during the reft of the day ; mild weather. Ther. 8h 90-8h P. M. 13°. Vol. II. Oo This This morning, two thirds of my houfe was fo entirely drifted jarLry. over, as to appear like a hill; and nobody would fuppofe it to Monday 5. be any other, were it not for the top of the chimney. At eleven w-„d o'clock, two of the fealers arrived with a letter from the head-A* man, informing me, that on the day which they 1< ft this place, they got no farther than a few miles beyond Sandy Point ; and fman. ^ fay^ jQfCph Poole going on about two miles ahead of the reit, fell through the ice and was drowned. Patrick Woods, one of thofe who came to-day, broke in alio ; but being near the fhore and within his depth, fortunately got out again, and by immediately drying himfelf before a good lire which they made in the woods, took no harm. The cooper joined them foon after, and they got fafe home. Thefe people left Sutton Bay yelterday, and picked up a gun and fome other things, which Jofeph Poole had laid down upon the ice juft before he broke through. The weather foon after coming on very bad, they were forced to take flicker in Cartwright River, where they lay by a fire until this morning: they brought feven groufe. Some drift all day with fharp weather. Ther. 8h 40—ih 30. Tuefday 6. Jac^ went to his cat-path, and examined the poifon balls ; he found a marten and took up all the traps ; two of v\ hich, and one that he carried out, he tailed for foxes: one parcel of the frrjh. balls were gone, but he could not find the fox. I went my home walk, in which fome foxes had been laft night and robbed j feven of the traps, for they were all drifted up. I removed one. At day-light, I fent off one of the fealers and T. Bryan to Sutton Bay with a letter, ordering all the crew away. Clear, fevere weather. Ther. 8h 160 below o-—3h y° below O—8h 14° below o. Jack moderate. w. s. w. Wednef. 7, Wind W. litltt. Jack vifited mold of the traps in his home walk, and found r~77'^~ them robbed bv foxes. I went up the north fide of the harbour January j l • \ '. ' 1.... 1 to Middle Brook, but could not find the trap which I tailed on the 29th ultimo, the mark being blown down, and I faw the frefh track of one fox, which had come over from the fouth fide. I then croffed the harbour below the iflands, looked for Jack's traps by the narrows, but could not find cither of them, and tailed one which I carried out, abreaft of the lower end of the fmall ifland, where there were frefh trackings of fome foxes. Clear, fevere weather. Ther. 8h io° below o—ih3°—nh 220 below o. Jack went to the two traps at the north end of Huntingdon Thurfday 8. Ifland, where he faw plenty of fox-trackings, and, upon the s'w-^-ice, he obferved the flot of a brace of old flags, which had been hard run by a couple of wolves. FIc followed them for about two miles, when he croffed the frefh flot of a hind, which he purfued to the top of a fmall hill on Huntingdon Iiland, from whence he faw her upon the ice at a great diftance off, going towards Flare Iflands. The evening then coming on, he returned. I went round my home walk, and had a very good crofs-fox in Great Marfh; where I faw the tracks of fome others, and fhot a brace of ptarmigans. Clear all day, but dull, with fmall fnow at night. Ther. 8h 140 below o—2h 8° —8h 140. Some fnow was thrown out of the flore-houfe. Friday 9. Dull, mild weather, with a little fnow at times until die evening, when it grew clear, and froze fharply. Although hidden, s' and great changes of the weather moft commonly canfe lick- s.w. nefs in England, yet I never found they had the lame effeed in this country, notwithflanding thofe which wc experience here, O o 2 arc (--K—1 arc fomuch greater; as may be obferved in many parts of this janu!ry. work. Ther. 8h io°—2n 23°—8h 40. Wind N. moderate, ft. w. Saturday 10. Jack brought home the trap which was on the north fide of Earl Ifland, and tailed it among mine on the back-fhore, A filver-fox had been eaten out of it. I went to my trap near the narrows and looked for Jack's, but could not find them. I faw the tracks of a fox, and a marten only. The fnow being very light, made it exceflively bad to walk on. caim. A cloudy morning, clear day, and foggy evening; the weather, mild and pleafant. Ther. 8h io° —2h 40 below o—8h 90 below o. Sunday it, fnowed in the morning, drifted in the middle of the day, n. £• uttie. and was clear at night. Ther. 8h 30 —>2h 120 —8h 20 below o. S. E. frejh. MondayJack vifited his traps below Black Head, and tailed, on Fill-W'frejh ' kclly and Berry Ifland, thofe which he left at his cat-path end. He had orders to go towards Great Ifland in queit of deer, Kjnjh\ taking three days provifions with him. I went round my home walk, and frejh tailed all my traps, one of which was flruck up. It was very indifferent walking, but the fnow is in excellent order for traps. No figns of fur. Clear, fevere weather. Ther. 8h 200 below o—i2h i° below o—8h 11° below o. Tuefday 13. I went round my home walk, and faw the tracks of a brace s. w. frejh. of foxes, but found the walking exceflively bad. At feven this evening all the fealers came here, and brought with them feven-tcen white game (groufe and ptarmigans) but the cooper having lately fcalded his leg, was not able to come along with them. A clear day, fharp in the morning, and mild after. Ther. 8h 17° below o—2h 30 —8h 8° below o. One One of the fealcrs and the boys cut firewood (having now added Patrick Woods to my family; and the other fealer mended fhoes. I went to Pinchgut Point, from thence to Wreck Ifland, and then home by Black Head ■, I law the tracks of foxes at the two laft places, and alfo on the back-fhore; and had a crofs-fox on Signal Hill, Cloudy, mild weather, too hot for walking, and it fnowed at night. Ther. 8h 30 below o—2h 140 —8h 200. At day-light I fent the two fealcrs off for Paradife, to join Thurfday rS. the crew of wooders there. I went round my home walk and w- n iv. faw the track of only one fox, but he had not gone near a trap. At noon it began to blow and drift fo hard, that I found fome difficulty in getting home again. I lhot a brace of groufe. Jack returned in the afternoon without any thing. Fie lay in Goofe Cove on Monday night; in Eagle Cove on Tuefday night; and at the Itage laft night; from whence he came early this morning. On Venifon Head; he faw much flot of deer, and the tracks of both wolves and foxes. When he got near to the fta^e, three wolves came from thence unon the ice, and feemed difpofed to attack him. As I never knew the boy given to p-onS. lying, I cannot doubt his ffory; which, for its curiofity, I will relate. The three wolves feparated and furrounded him; the two fmallefl clapped down on their bellies, and the largeft, which he faid was a very flout old,dog, then ran full cry at him. He all this time endeavoured to imitate the appearance and motion of a deer as well as he could, by holding his gun behind his back, with the muzzle over his head for a horn, and Hooping and walking with his hatchet for a foredeg. This fcheme would have fucceeded, had not the old wolf, before he got near enough, took the wind of him; when, finding his miftake, he ran off and howled in a different tone of voice, which 1 Friday 16, W.N. IV. frrj/i. which the others perfectly underllood j for they jumped up, wheeled round and joined him, and then all went off together. One of them has, perhaps, been in one of Wrixon's traps lately; for it was lame, and Jack faw blood in the fhoremen's houfe, where they had taken up their quarters for fome time; and they had fed upon the blubber which had been left in the calks. Fie tailed one trap on this fide of his cat-path, one on Fillbelly, and one on Berry Ifland; three groufe were all he killed fince he went out, and thofe he eat. Cloudy till noon, and drifted hard afterwards. Ther. 8h 50 —2h 19° —8h 20 below o. Having netted all day, I finifhed my work at night. Clear, (harp weather, with fome drift at times. Ther. 8b 90 below o—2h 70 below o—81' io° below o. Saturday 17. One of the wrooders having a great toe frozen to-day, I caufed him to keep his foot in cold water until it was perfectly thawed; which was effected in eight hours. The froft was then fo effectually taken out, that I am not in the lead apprcL nfivc of any bad confequence; but had his toe been thawed by a warm application, it would have mortified as far as the froft had penetrated: I have feen many inftances of the effects of both methods, but never knew them to vary from what I have here related. Some drift, with fevere, burning weather. Ther. 8!l 250 below o—2h 150 below o—io1' 20 below o. Sunday 18. N. E. moderate. hard. We had a moderate breeze, with dull, fharp weather, and a little fmall fnow at intervals, during this day 3 but it blew a hard gale of wind, with much drift all night. Ther. 8h 160 below o—2h 50 below o—8h 30. The dining-room windows were completely drifted up this r- \ o 1 j r 1770. morning, but I had the fnow dug away. It drifted hard till Janjuary« noon, and was dull afterwards, with fharp weather. Ther. °ww 9 8h o°—ih i°—8h 8° below o. a'- E. hard. N. W, moderate; I fent Jack round the weft walk ; one of the traps was fo Tuefday «o. much drifted over, that he could not find it. I walked the ' -call round, in which a fox had robbed the iirlt trap on the hill, ^J^t and two in the marlh. W. moderate. Clear weather with extreme fevere frofl. We could not keep our eyedalhes from freezing together, without frequently rubbing them. Ther. 8'1 230 below o— ih 15° below o— yh 230 below o. At fr this evening, the cooper arrived from Sutton Bay; his we,wr. u, le ; being now w^ 11: he left that place at eleven this morning. w.jr,fk. Clear all day, (harp in the morning and mild afterwards. Iher. 8h 220 below o—2!l 16° —8'1 150. s. w.. Jack vifited his traps on Huntingdon Ifland, and under Black Ih ad ; they were all robbed, and foxes had been upon four, S./mm but none would flnke up, being hard drifted over. I went round my ea tern walk, but no fur hacl been there fince Tuefday. I fent the cooper off this mjrning for Paradife, to join the red of tjie coopers there. Dull, and mild all day, a little fnow at night. Ther. 8h 15° wife 2lo-0h 20< I went upon Signal Hill, looked at the two traps there, and "»*r*8» fat wa ching for fome time, but faw nothing. The itore-houfe s'f"mrt- was ck ar d of the fnow which had drifted into it. W* Dull, thawing weather, with fome fnow. Ther. 8h 33°—- s.w. 3h 3^—9h '9°. I went 1778. January. Saturday 24. Wind S. W. fmart. W. moderate. W. N. W. Sunday 25. N. I went round my eaflern walk,and frefh tailed all my traps; a fox had robbed one of them lafl night: I killed a groufe. Clear, with fome drift in the morning, and hazy afterwards ; fharp weather. Ther. sh 11° below o—2h 2°—8h 40. It blew very hard, attended with fnow and drift all day, with mildifh weather. Ther. 8'1 90—i!l 12°—8h 90. N. E. moderate. Monday 26. At eleven o'clock this morning, taking Jack and Terence Bryan with me, I Jet out on a party of pleafure. Our provifions and other neceffaries were drawn on a fmall fled by the two boys, and a bloodhound dog. At fun-fet we got to a valley of tall fir-wood, on the eafl fide of the north-eafl point of Huntingdon Ifland, where we made a good fire and lay by it. On our way, I killed a groufe with my ride and faw another ; but no fign of any thing elfe. A fwell tumbled in from the fea,|vhich caufed the ice by the fhore, to heave. The day was dull and fharp, and at dark, it began to blow, fnow, and drift exceedingly hard, which continued all night. Ther. 8h 50 below o—2h 8°—8h i6!>. ar. hard. Tuefday 27. N. hard. w. s. w. Jlrong. Wednef. 28. S. W. fmart. Not being able to flir out all this day, by reafon of the bad weather ftill continuing, we made a back tilt of boughs, which we finiflicdby noon, and then felt ourfelves very comfortable ; but the wind foon after fhifting into the front of it, and at the fame time freezing very hard, we could not keep ourfelves warm at the lcafl diftance from the fcorching heat of the fire. Ther. 8h 2° below o—2h 6° below o—8h 12° below o. At eight o'clock, I fent Jack to tail a trap at the north-eafl point, and then to go over to Bald Ifland. At the fame time, taking Terry with me, I went to Groufe Ifland, where we met with fome groufe, and the boy went after them, but they were fo moderate, fo wild, he could not get a fhot. We faw fome old flot of deer, rT7^8—> and the tracks of a white-bear and cub, fome wolves, foxes, January, hares, and groufe. Jack faw nothing but the flot of one deer, and the tracks of a few wolves, foxes, and groufe. Hazy, fharp weather all day, a little fnow foon after dark, w,t,i and the refl of the night was clear, and pretty mild. Ther. 8h 70 below o—21' 120—8h 14°. This morning, finding the fecond toe of each of my feet galled Thurfday 29. with fhe firings of my rackets and very fore, I fent the boys $. w, to try the high hills at the eaft end of this ifland, whilfl I fet off for home, where I arrived at one o'clock, very lame. * A clear mild day, almofl like fummer. Ther. 8h to0— ih iq°— 8h7°. At fun-fet this evening fhe boys returned, having had no fuo TlA6*Y 3°-eels yelterday, nor feen any fign of deer. In their way home, [man. they had a yellow-fox in the trap on Alder Head. moderate. Drifted till noon, and was fharp all day. Ther. 8h 70 below o—^1 30 below o—8h 50. Jack vifited his traps in the Harbour, but got nothing. I Saturday 31, went round my eaflern walk and had a filver-fox. Nm w. Clear, till one o'clock, drifted afterwards, with fharp weather. Ther. 8h 8° below 0— ih 8°—8h 30 below o. February. On examination I found, that the fox which I brought home Sunday u yeflerday, is the fame which Jack had a leg of on the third of N)^!v' December laft. Dull, fharp weather till one o'clock, it fnowed afterwards. Ther. 8h 180 below o—2h 3°— 8h 150. Vol. II. Pp Hard —^—, Hard gales with much drift, and frequent mowers of fnow, February all la 11 night and this day. Ther. 8h n°.—j> .0°.—8h 40. Monday 2. Wind n w.kard. jac|c went fc n-s eaft-ern walk . he faw all his traps there, ex-cept thofe on Fillbelly and Berry Ifland; they were all out of w. moderate. orc[erj and molt of them had been robbed by foxes. I vifited my eaflern walk, and fettled my traps afrefli, but faw no ligns of fur. A clear day, but it fnowed at night. Ther. f* 30 below o— Wednef. 4. The wooders brought in a rabbit, which they caught in a trap in their path. There is now much more fnow on the ground N.w./mart, than I ever faw in any preceding winter, and lefs water open in the tickles, at both ends of this harbour, than there was in either of the two laft. All kinds of furs are not only very fcarce, but the frequent falls of fnow, and almofl continual drifting weather makes it very difficult to catch them, even when they do come to the traps; becaufe it is fcarcely polfible to keep them in proper order: befides, the fprings of moll of them are much too weak ; for they either will not ftrike up-at all, or do it fo flowly, that the animal has time to fpring off and efcape. jf. Clear, fliarp weather. Ther. jh 50 below o—ih 50 below o—. gh 150 below o. Thurfday 5. At feven this morning, Tweegock fill in labour, and at eight I delivered her of a daughter; of whom, fhe declared James o. W, frejh. Grcady, one of my boats matter's, to be the father. Jack vifited his eaflern traps, all of which he faw, except the one upon Alder Head; many had been robbed by foxes, and that on Berry Ifland by a brace of wolves. He alfo went u^on North Hare Ifland, where he faw the tracks of fome foxes axid hares, but no figns figns of deer. I went round my weft walk; one trap had been <— robbed by a wolvering. February. Clear, fevere weather. Ther. yh 210 below o—311 40 below o—qh 230 below o. I took a walk round Signal Hill, where I killed a groufe, and faw the tracks of another which had flown towards the eaft end of Earl Ifland; I followed it, and faw the tracks in two different places, but it was gone. The wooders caught another rabbit, it weighed when whole, three pounds five ounces; but when fkinned and paunched, only two pounds. Dull, with a little fnow till one o'clock, clear afterwards, with fome drift. Ther. jh 170 below o.—ih 6°—8h 70 below o. I went round my weflern walk and fhifted all my traps; two of which I carried to the eaft point of the narrows. The race of Muddy Bay is open, and there is water alfo on both fides of the two illands below the narrows, with a narrow bridge of ice at each end of them, and a few fmall holes between the fouth-weft end of the largcfl, and the narrows; all the reft of the harbour is firm as the land. Clear, fharp weather with low drift. Ther. 711 io° below o— 2h 30 —gh 10 below o. The wooders had one rabbit this morning, and another in the evening. Cloudy weather. Ther. jh 30 below o—i2h 190—8h 30 below o. Friday 6. Wind S. W. little. N. W. frefh. N. Saturday 7. S. W, frefh. N. E. W. Sunday 8. 5 W. moderate. N. N. E. The wooders brought in another rabbit this morning, and I fent one of them to vifit Jack's eaflern traps; fome foxes had been about them laft night. I went round my eaft walk; a P p 2 brace Monday y, w. s. w. gentle. brace of foxes had been in it lad night, one of which trod exactly on a trap, but it would not ftrike up. Sr»mc groufe had been upon Signal Hill, but were gone again. Clear, pleafant weather. Ther. yh 150 below o—ih 140—9k 5* below o. I vifited my weft walk, but faw no fign of any thing. Clear, pleafant weather. Ther. yh 8° below o—2h 180 —gh if. At nine this morning, taking Patrick Woods ?nd Terence Bryan with me, I let out on another cruife, having our provifions and baggage drawn upon a fled, by the two boys and the bloodhound dog. I took the greyhound alfo. We looked at Jack's traps by the way, and in the evening got to the houfe in Eagle Cove, where we lay. We fhould have had a more" comfortable night in the woods; as this houfe is no more than the fkeleton of one; for there are neither fides nor roof to it, but only a few fluds, the rafters, and a very few rinds over one end. A clear, mild day. Ther. yh 90—8'1 P. M. 150. Eaily this morning we left Eagle Cove, and at noon got to Great Ifland, where we found all the houfes quite full of fnow; but by night the boys had cleared out the fmall one, and made a lire in it. In the mean time, I took a walk about the ifland, where I faw the old flot of a few deer, and many tracks of wolves, foxes, and hares. On going into my dwclling-hon(e, (which was began upon at the latter part of laft hammer, and yet is not a third part finifhed) 1 found it inhabited by a ftout hare, which bolted out, and ran over to Slink Point with the greyhound aftei her; but the iuow being hgnt, and her feet better better adant^ for running on it than his, the longer he ran, the farther he was behind. On our way here I taded a trap Fdbtiftjr* for a fox, under Berry Hdl on Venifon Head. ^£ A dull day, and it fnowed all night, with mild weather. Ther. 7h ii°—i2h 120—8h 70 below o. Having a bliftcr under the ball of each great toe, occafioned Friday 13: bv the friction of my rackets, I took but a fhort walk upon the s-JreJk-illand this evening, and killed a brace of ptarmigans, which were all I faw. It fnowed this morning, but foon after turned to rain, which continued all day. Ther. yh 360—ih 420—8h 48°. We broke open the ftore-houfe, and cleared it of fnow un- Saturday 14. til we could get at the provifions. I took a walk to the north- 5. e. frejh. eaft end of the ifland, and there faw a filver-fox; I alfo met with a brace of hares, one of which I killed, and in the evening faw a wolf near the flage. Mild, moid weather. Ther. yh 410—i'1 37*—8* 450. Terence went to Venifon Head, and brought the trap, but Simd met with nothing. Soon after his return, I obferved two w. moderate, wolves coming upon his track, but getting fight of me as I was endeavouring to creep behind a rock which he had paffed. they turned to one fide, croffed Slink Point, and made over for the Cape land. Patrick went to the outer illands, wdiere he fhot at a hare, but miffed it. A clear, mild day. Ther. yu 350—s"1 P. M. 360. Patrick went towards Cape North, and returned in the Mond 6 evening, having feen only a filver-fox, the tracks of feveral \'.iv. wolves and foxes; and alfo of two men; who I fuppofe, mult haVe been a couple of Wrixon's people; as they live not more than ~~^8—1 ^ian ^1VC °l m^es ^rom hence. I intended going over to the February. Cape land alfo, but obferving bad weather coming on, I took a turn round the iiland; and was near breaking my neck by a fall over a drift-bank, about nine feet high, occahoned, by the dullnefs of the weather, which prevented me from feeing it. jr]jhd Dull till two o'clock, fnow and drift afterwards. Ther. 711 410—8h P. M. 200. Tuefday 17. Excefhve hard gales, with fo much fnow and drift, that we n. could not flir out; and it was with the utmoft difficulty, that heavy gales. tne DOVS could Hand at the wood-pile for a few minutes only at a time, to cut firewood. The houfe being full of holes all round, fo much wind and drift came in, that we were almofl perifhed with cold, and conflantly covered with fnow; although we fat as clofe to the fire as poflible. At night, the boys and dog lay before the fire, and I, in a deer-fkin bag, in a cabbin at the other end, and never did I fuller fo much, from cold. Ther. 711 90—i2h ig°~~Sh rz°. Wednef, 18. The D0ys were all the morning clearing the fnow out of the houfe; after which, I fent them to tail a couple of traps on Slink moderate. Point, where they met with fome groufe and killed fix brace. They faw a wolf upon Iithmus Bay and flipped the greyhound at him; but having more than half a mile law, the dog could not come up with him. I faw a crofs-fox go from Venifon Head, over Slink Point, for the Cape land. Clear, frofty weather. Ther. yh io° —8h P. M. 40 below 0. Thurfday 19. Early this morning we all went over to the Cape land. I n. iittie. fent Terry towards the Cape, and took Patrick with me, to the N top of Mount Martin; there we met with a yellow-fox, which the dog killed after a very fine courfe. We afterwads faw a filver-fox, and Terry another. I obferved, that foxes mufl be very moderate. very numerous here-abouts, as their trackings were plentiful, but I could fee the flot of deer only at one place, and that was February, very old, nor were there many of them: yet this peninfula mull be a good place for them in general at all times of the year; as wind it is, exactly that fort of ground which they like. 5' Clear, pleafant weather; warm in the fun but froze fharp out of it. Ther. yh io°—ih i° below o—8h 150 below o. Strong gales with fnow, drift, and fevere froft, which caufed Friday 20. us to fuffer exceedingly, during thefe twenty-four hours. Ther. jh i>° below o—8h P.M. 140 below o. I had the ftore-houfe made up again, and our houfe covered Saturday it, well with fnow. Terry flruck up the traps, met with fome jmartm groufe and killed a brace. It drifted in the fore part of this day, but cleared after. Ther. yh 70 below 0—8 P. M. 8° below 0. At nine this morning we fet out for home ; I walked on be- Sunday 23, fore, but when I got to the well end of North Flare Ifland, N. w. finding myfelf very lame, I waited for the fled and rode upon little. it from thence to Black Head, from whence I walked the remainder of the way, and arrived at half after four in the afternoon. I found Mr. Collingham here, who came from Paradife yeflerday. He brought one man (1 nomas Templeton) with him, who had burnt both his great toes by the way, and thawed them by the fire; by which, part of each are mortified, and he has loft the end of one, as high up as the top of the nail. Clear, pleafant weather with fmart frofl. Ther. jh 200 below o—ih 40 below o—8h 6°. Strong gales, with fnow and drift until one this afternoon; Monday 23. the wind then abated, and it rained for the remainder of the Et day. Ther. 7* i6°— ih 330— 3" 380. A fox. . t—j£j—1 A fox eroded the harbour; I laid the dog on him, but he February. had too much law. Tuefday 24. T*. " 1 ' 1 • r -\ • winds, e. lt ramed in the morning, and mowed at night. Ther. yk ^5° * 3h45°-s" 340. iS. t. moderate. WedncC 25. On my giving Tweegock a fmall flap for fome fluttifTi and K.w.frejii. dirty trj£fc^ plc hatched up a penknife, which chanced to lie on a table near her, and would certainly have Rubbed herfelf to the heart, if the point of it. had not been Ropped by a rib: I immediately took it from her, when Ihe took her own knife out of her pocket and made a fecond attempt with that, but without effect likewife. She made two fmall punctures under her left bread, but of no cohfequence. I then took good care n. to pacify her effectually, before I let her go out of my fight. Dull, mild weather. Ther. jh 32° —ih 36°—g1' 26°. Thurfday 2 6. At nine this morning Mr. Collingham fet off for Paradife, n. moderat*. an(j j [ent Woods with him, as Templeton was not well enough to walk out of doors. Jack vifited all his traps except the two fartheft, and found every one robbed by foxes ; there had been a great run laft night. He faw the flot of an old Rag, which had come out of Sandwich Bay and gone upon Huntingdon Ifland a few days ago, and killed fix ptarmigans. I went round my eaR walk, and found the two traps on the hill had been robbed laR night; and likewife the five in Great Marfh, e. a few niolrts a^o. The two in the fmall marfh were fo much covered with fnow, that I could not find them, and all the reft were frozen into the ice, from the water which the late thaws had made. I faw the track of a cat by the Laar, and fhifted the fartheft trap to that place. It was very indifferent walking to-day, owing to a thin fhcll upon the fnow, which frequently e. moderate. - , broke under me. Cloudy weather. Ther. yh 8°—zh 150—8h 11°. I went I went; round my weflern walk, frefh tailed the traps, fhot a ptarmigan, and faw the frefh track of one marten. Patrick Woods returned this afternoon, from the brook near Duck Ifland; where Mr. Collingham and he lay lafl night. I executed a frefh will to-day, and had it witneffed by Patrick Woods, Thomas Templeton, and Terence Bryan; the two latter, not being able to write, made their marks. It was extremely bad walking every where; the fhell on the furf ace of the fnow continually breaking, by having either deep, foft fnow, or water under it. Mild weather; dull in the morning, fnowed in the middle of the day, and rained at night. Ther. yh 210 —i2h 370 —8h 39*°. I went round my eaflern walk; a fox had robbed the three-trap hill in Great Marfh, and trod on them all; but none would ftrike up. Tolerable walking on the ice, and not bad in the woods. Cloudy day, fnowed at night. Ther. yh y°—I2h 140—9h 90. I began to give the fervants three meals a day. A very bright, pleafant day. Terry vifited Jack's traps, and frefh tailed inoft of them. I went my weflern walk, and found the fecond trap by the brook, in the fouth-call corner of Salt Meadow, carried away by a wolf. I followed him through the woods towards Muddy Bay for about a mite and a half, when bad weather coming on, and obferving that I had no chance of overtaking him, as the fnow was very hard and fo deep as to cover all the young wood, and leave nothing to entangle the trap to flop him, I turned home, and had great difficulty to find my way; for it then blew, fnowed, and drifted fo hard, that I could not fee Ave yards before me. Vol. II. Qq Dull 1778. February. Friday 27. Wind S, W. moderate and little by turns' Saturday 28, W, N. W. frjh. E. March. Sunday 1, calm. W. little, N. E. Monday 2. N. N. E. moderate. S. E. hard* 778-March. Dull till three o'clock; fnow and drift afterwards. Ther. 71 2° below o—4h 26°—9h 50 below o. Thurfday 3. Strong gales, with drift all day. Ther. yh 200—1 ih 310—8'1 Wind 1 S. W. Wednef. 4. 5. W. little. N. N, E. Thurfday 5, W. fmart. I fent Jack and Terry after the wolf, but they returned at night after having been to Dykes River; the late fnow and drift having totally obliterated all marks of him. I vifited my eaflern walk; a fox had been on the trap by the Laar, but it would not flnke up. A clear morning, but it foon grew dull, and continued fo till three o'clock, when it came on to fnow in large flakes. Ther. 7h 8° —i2h i6° —9h 14°. A deal of fnow having drifted into the flore-houfe on Tuefday lafl and lodged behind the door, it was with great difficulty that 1 could force my way into it; and at the back of the houfe the fnow is fome feet higher than the ridge. At noon nine ptarmigans came over from Earl Iiland, and Jack killed them all and a groufe likewife. Clear weather, with drift. Ther. fx 8°—i2h 140—8h 50. Friday 6. 1 went to one of my traps in the wefl walk, but faw no fign w. fmart. of any thing. Clear, fharp weather, with drift. Ther. yh 20 — 2h 8° —io!l i° below o. Saturday 7. I fent Jac^ to nis traps, but he went no farther than Alder Head, by reafon of the feverity of the weather; he killed thirteen fpruce-game. I went my eaflern walk; a fox had been near thofe traps by Laar Brook, but took no notice of them. I brought one out of Great Marfh, and tailed it in the woods on the the north fide of the harbour, for rabbits; it being too bad for r——1 177"- any thing elfe. March. Clear, fharp weather. Ther. yh g° below o—ih 40—8h 40 below o. Jack and Patrick went to Diver Ifland, where they met with Sunf,ay 8* great numbers of groufe, but fo wild, that they killed only one; 5. mmtlt. they found a place much frequented by otters. Terry walked n. n.e. upon Earl Illand, and killed five fpruce-game. I cruifed round modtrate' Signal Hill for fome time, hu'<: faw nothing. JV* A bright, pleafant day ; warm in the fun, but very fevere out n. w. of it. Ther. yh 240 below o—i2h ic/belowo—8h io° below o. Yeflerday my family was again increafcd, by the addition of Monday 9. five young pigs; but the fow overlaid three, the boar worried Ny^' one, and the other died to-day. I vifited my rabbit-trap, but nothing had been near it. Sharp, drifting weather. Ther. yh io° below o—i2h 8°-^ 3h 30 below o. Jack tailed two traps for otters on Diver Ifland, (one of which Tuefifay 1G> he took out of my eaftwalk) and he brought home fix groufe. &*w.jr&u I walked round the harbour, and frefh tailed the fpring-fnare, which was flruck up, removed the two traps which were at the narrows, into the woods by the brook at the weft end of the meadow, and vifited the cat-trap at the other brook; it had been robbed by a marten. Cloudy weather; fharp in the morning, but mild afterwards. Ther. yh i6° below o—1211 20" —3h 180. Jack went his eaflern walk; a crofs-fox had been eaten out w«doef. u, of one of his traps, by ibme others. 1 walked my eaflern N- w. fmart. round, and found the two traps which had been drifted over Q q 2 while moderate. while I was at the flage-, I removed them to a hillock on Great Marlh and tailed five fhares for rabbits, in the woods on the north fide of the harbour. A little drift, with clear, iharp weather. Ther. yh io°—i2h j8°—8h 2° below o. Thurfday 12. Jack went to his foxtraps on Alder Head, and ottertraps on Diver Illand, but nothing had been near them. He afterwards eroded the iiland to Sandwich Tickle, where he faw abundance of harps, and two whitecoats. I vifited my cat-traps, and then went up the fouth-eafl brook to the firft pond, which I walked round in fearch of beavers, but found only fome very old cuttings. From the top of a fmall hill at the head of that pond, I could fee another not far off, which is larger than the fir ft, but it appeared too fhallow for beavers. The whole country round looks likely for martens ; and I law feveral tracks of them by the fide of the brook. Clear till one o'clock, but then itovercad, and at five began to fnow. Ther. 6h 120 below o—i2h 15° —8h 40. Wind culm. S. IV. moderate. E. moderate. Friday 13. 5. S.E. mod/rate. s. s. W. Saturday 14 N, Jlrmg in fqualte. If. E. frejh. E. Jack vifited his eaflern traps, two of which were robbed and would not ftrike up. I went my eaflern round, but faw no fign of furs. Cloudy, dull, mild weather. Ther. 6h io°—i2h 270—8'1 160. I vifited my cat-traps, two of which had been robbed from behind. I removed them all to the fide of the fouth-eafl brook, the fartheft one being fet about half way up to the pond. From thence I crofled through the woods, eaflward, to fome fmall hills with barren tops, and then returned home acrofs the fouth-eafl marfh; looking at the rabbit-trap and fhares by the way. Squally with fnow and drift till noon, clear afterwards. Ther, oh 170—i2h 160—ioh 40 below o, Small Small fnow till two o'clock, it then ceafed and began to drift, which held till the evening. Ther. 6h 40 below o—i2h 160— March. 8h 60. Sunday 15 Wind E. UttU. N.freflt. This morning Templeton and Woods were feized with a Monday 16 N. Cholera Morbus and were very bad all day. I ordered them fifteen drops of Laudanum each, which they immediately hard gala. threw up, I then gave them plenty of groufe water; after that, a decoction of toafled oatmeal, and at night, fifteen drops of Laudanum in an ounce of fpiritous Cinnamon-water, by which time they were much better. Snowed and drifted ail day. Ther. 6h n° —izh 140 — 8h 70. Jack went to his otter-traps, but nothing had been near them. Tuefday 17 He afterwards walked to Alder Head, where he had the leg of e. frtjk, a yellow-fox. He followed his track into the woods and faw him feveral times, nut could not get a fhot, nor would the animal quit the woods ;■ he brought in a rabbit. Terry went upon the north-weft fide of Earl Illand and faw a filver-fox. I walked J^rf;,. round all my traps and found a yellow-fox in one upon Signal Hill, but thofe near Laar Brook were all robbed. I had a marten in one by the fouth-eall brook, but the rclt were too much loaded with fnow to ftrike up. The people who were taken ill yeflerday, were much better; at night I gave tnem a dofe of Rheubarb in a glafs of Mountain Wine. Clear to ten o'clock, but afterwards dull till five in the afcr-noon, when it began to fnow. Ther. 6h o°—i2h 200—3h io«\ The fore part of this day was dark and foggy; in the middle, Wednef. 18 wc had fmall fnow, and during the latter part there was much N**%mW (how and drift. Ther. 6? 120—ih 270—8h 140. 'li,tle- Twcegock's •«^ro*f< r—j~A^—i Twecgock's young child was bit by the buck rabbit through March'_ the firft joint of one of her fingers, in fuch a manner, that the Thurfday 19. end of it hung by the fkin only, I therefore cut it off with a pair hantgaics. of fciffars. The dining-room windows were fo completely blocked up by the drift of lait night, as not to admit the lead light; and, as the gale continued all this day, I would not have them cleared ; wc were therefore obliged to burn candles. Ther. jh 150—2h 140—8'1 140. Friday 20. The weather this morning was rather better than yelterday, but it foon grew much worfe. The kitchen windows were iix times cleared, and at laft we were obliged to give up that point. I burnt candles all day in the dining-room. Ther. yh 11° — 2h 140 — 8h 190. Saturday at. My young patient's finger looked well, but this evening the child appeared to be dying ; Ihe was not in good health when hard gales. 1 *■ .. r born, and has been on the decline ever fince ; her ilhiefs is a thruih, which now has (truck in. The weather much the fame all this day ; no light in the houfe but from candles; and every time any pcrfon went out t A the door, they were obliged to dig their way ; the whole houle is entirely drifted over. Ther. jh 16°—2h 240. N. N. W. Sunday 22. The gale being over, the fnow was thrown from the door, fufficicntly to get out of the houfe, and the windows were cleared. I took a walk upon Signal Hill and killed a groufe. Cloudy with thaw. Ther. f 31° — ih 470 —8'1 360. E, fmart N. E. Monday 23. Dark weather with fnow and drift in fhe morning. Ther. 6h 26° — Ih 22° —• 8h 20°. N, Jlrong. Jack Jack went to his foxtraps, and I vilifed my cat-walk, but neither of us got any thing ; one of mine had been robbed in the night, but they were all covered a foot high with fnow. A Tuefday 24. filver-fox crofled the harbour this afternoon. * ' Jrtjli, It was good walking upon the ice, but bad in the woods. Ther. 6h 260— ih 300—8h 23 °. Jack vifited his ottertraps, but as none had come to that place Wednef. 25. fince they were put then:, he tailed them, and alfo one which he look with him, upon Diver Ifland for foxes. I went round my eaflern walk and had a rabbit; fix of my traps were fo much drifted over, that I could not find them; and the two upon Signal Hill, were both robbed by a filver-fox, which the wooders faw crofs the tickle this morning from Earl Ifland. Dull, thawing weather. Ther. 6h 25°—-ih 371^—8^ 320. Jack went to his eaflern traps, feveral of which had been ThurftIay26-robbed, and there had been a great run of foxes about Black Jlrong, Head. I vifited my cat-traps, but there was no frefh figns of any thing that way ; we both baited with treacle to day. I ordered thepcopleto begin to cut a trench through the fnow, from high water mark up to my houfe, to prevent it's being flooded; for th fnow is fix feet deep at the former place, and about eight fee t, clofe to the houfe, and drifted firm together. Dark, raw weather. Ther. 6h 320—ih 38*V-^ Strong gales with a little fmall drifting fnow. Ther. 6h 270 Friday 27. _Ab 28;°—8h 22°. At one o'clock this morning (it being then low water) Twee- Saturday -8. gock s young child died, and after break fall I caufed it to be lewed up in a piece of canvais, and dropped into the water in the tickle; as it would have been a very tedious and difficult job frejh. 1778. March. Wind little. Sunday 29. N. moderate. Monday 30. N.E. little. job to dig a grave. Jack went to his traps on Diver, and Earl Ifland, and I, to my eaflern walk, but neither of us got any thing; a cat had robbed a couple of mine, and a brace of wolves, two of his. I found three of thofe which had been lately drifted over. I difcovered, that, through Jack's carelefl-nefs, the rum puncheon had leaked out at leaft forty gallons; and I am much afraid, there will not be enough to lafl me until I receive a frefh Ripply; it was as good Jamaica as any man would wifh to have. Dark, frofly weather. Ther. 6h 220 —ih 310—911 260. Jack and Terry examined the country to the fouthward; where they found two marfhes, four ponds, and fome pretty good timber : but the latter is too far from the water lide to be of ufe. They faw no figns of beavers, but met with the tracks of a few martens, and killed two porcupines. I took Patrick with me, and went up the fouth-eafl brook to the firfl pond; then turned north-weft, and came back through the woods. I had a cat in a trap by the brook, killed a porcupine, and faw the tracks of a lynx and another cat. I heard fome crofsbcak-linnets fing, for the firft time this year. Dull, mild weather. Ther. yh 230 —ih 3.J.0—81, 270. Jack went to his eaft walk, where a wolf had been about fome of his traps, but was fhy; he brought one of them home. I vifited my eaflern traps, one of which was flruck up, and three robbed. I faw a bulfinch for the firft time this year. The trench was completed to-day. In the evening John Wrixon and one of his people came here. There was fome fmall fnow in the morning, and the day was cloudy afterwards, with mild weather. Ther. 6h 270 — I2h 470 —8h 280. Temple ton's Templeton's toes being now pretty well, I fent him olf for Paradife this morning; at the fame time I ordered Terry and Marth-Patrick to attend him with a lied, if he fhould not be able to mb walk. Wrixon and his man fet off alfo for Table Bay; the caim' former returned foon after, to inform me, that there was a fox n. h. e. in one of my traps; it proved a crofs, was a little trace-galled, and fmelt ilrong. Jack went to his north-weft traps, and killed five fpruce-game. I had a very fine marten by the fouth-eafl brook. A line, warm day. Ther. 6h 240—ih 47—8h 32°. I vifited my eaflern traps, and made a deathfall for foxes, Wednef. 1, upon the ice in Laar Brook. s.uttu. Cloudy weather, with fleet. Ther. 511 240—ih 450—8h 340. Utt!t\ I vifited my cat-traps. A wolf went up the brook juft be- Thurfday 2, fore me, and had looked at them all; he flruck up the lafl, but N.fmart. was not caught. hard. Dull weather, with fome fnow at times, till noon; afterwards it fnowed and drifted hard. Ther. 6h 20—ioh 34°. It blew, fnowed, and drifted hard all this day, which nearly Friday 3. filled the drain up again; in the evening the wind abated, and the fky cleared. Ther. 6h 230—3h 270—8h 140. Jack vifited his eaflern traps, two of which were robbed; he Saturday 4. brought eight groufe, and made baits of another. I walked . '*'fre^' my eaflern round, and obferved, that the two traps on the hill had been robbed lafl night; and the two in the marfh had been robbed the night before; one of which was flruck up. A cloudy morning, and clear day. Ther. 5" ip—2h 340 — 9h 200. Vol. II. Rr At Wind variable and hale. Monday 6. Ar. E. moderate. frejh. Tuefday 7. W.Jref. W. fmart. At ten this morning Patrick returned with the fled; he lay lafl: night by the brook in Eaft Arm, where he left Terry; as I intend going there to-morrow, and Haying a few days. I walked to Laar Brook. In the evening, Jack vifited his traps to the north-welt, one of which had been robbed by a fox. The fir It fnow-birds appeared to-day. Clear, fine weather, with a fharp fro fly air. Ther. 511 140—■ 21. 300—8h 190. At eight this morning, I fet off for Ealt Arm, taking Patrick, and Jack with me, who, together with the bloodhound dog, drew our provifions and baggage on a fled. At the fouth point of Earl Ifland, Jack built a deathfall for foxes, and then followed. Terry met us about half way, who having broke the helve of his hatchet, was going home for another. At two in the afternoon we got to the brook, when I pitched a tent upon the fnow, and then fent Patrick home again with the dog. Terry had killed a porcupine, and we faw the track of a black-bear in a fmall cove near Longltretch; I think his cave, cannot be far off. A dull day with a little fnow in the afternoon. Ther. 511 IV^P P. M. 210. Terry returned this morning. I went to the top of the high hill with a bare crown, which is on the fouth fide of this brook, from whence I commanded a moft extenfive view in every direction, except from fouth-weft, to weft north-welt. I obferved a valley, full of marches and ponds, to extend from Dykes River to Paradife Eaft River; and another, with a firing of ponds in it, which run from the middle of the former valley, to Tabic Bay Brook. I am of opinion, that a few beavers may be found in fome of thofe ponds; that they mult be good places for for otters; and that the marhhes arc exceedingly well fituatcd for intercepting deer at the patting times. I obferved a range of very high, barren mountains towards the head of White-bear River, a long way in the country, which I never faw before. But what pleafcd me mod, was, to difcover plenty of good rinds, in the woods not far from the water-fide, as I fhall want a great number this fpring. I found a porcupine on the top of a tall fir-tree, and after taking the trouble to climb up and cut off the head of the tree with my knife (as he climbed higher than it would bear my wcightj I loft my labour; for, before I could get down and overtake him, he fhuffled into his hole, which was under a large rock not far difiant, and cfcaped. Clear and fine in the morning, then it grew hazy ; at laft it fnowed, drifted, and froze hard. Ther. £h 120—8h P. M. 170. The boys went into the woods a porcupine hunting; but foon Weddcf, 8. returned without finding any other thing, than more rinds. It fnowed, blew and drifted hard all day. Ther. 711 20°. I fent the boys in queft of the porcupine which I faw on Thurfday 9. Thurfday, which they not only found and killed, but they d re fled and eat it too, without faying a word to me; who lay all the time in my deer-fkin bag in the tent, where I continued from the night of laft Tuefday, until after it was dark this evening; nearly perifhing with cold the whole time. The weather continued the fame all day, but at dark the gale lutU-abated, the fl;v cleared, and the night proved ferene. Ther. At eight this morning we fet out homewards. It then froze Friday 10. fo feverely, that I was obliged to walk above a mile without my S: u k rackets, to prevent my toes from burning; but by the time we got halfway home, the weather was grown very hot, and it was R r 2 moft 1778. April. Wind N. W. hard. _.A.—. 1778. April. Wind S. little. Saturday 11, S. W.frejlu moderate. moil intolerably fo, after we got into the harbour, infomuch, that we were obliged to lay down on the fnow to cool ourfelves. Ihe boys brought a lied load of baggage, and we tailed three traps for foxes by the way. I judge, the diltance from my houfe, to be about twelve miles. A clear day. Ther. 5h i° below o—2h 560—8h At fix this morning, I fent Patrick and Terry, with the dog and lied, for the tent and the remainder of the things; and they returned with them at eight at night. Jack vifited his eailern traps and faw the track of a large white-bear, which had gone pail Black Plead yelterday. I went round all my traps; a marten had robbed one in the fouth-ealt brook, and a fox one on the Laar. A little drift in the morning, hot afterwards. Ther. 5h 210— 4h 57' -9h 43°' Sunday 12, all round little. Monday 13. s. s. w. mkderate. After breakfaft, I took a walk upon Signal Hill, and fat there till two o'clock ; I obferved, that a great deal of fnow was gone olf fince yelterday morning; and go it mult, if this weather hold. Jack built a deathfall for foxes by the fide of Laar Brook, where he found one of the traps flruck up. A clear, hot day. Ther. 6h 380— 2h 640—8h 340. Jack ftruck up his traps on Earl, Diver, and the north end of Huntingdon Iiland. He afterwards went upon the Table Hill on the latter, from whence he could not fee any water at fea; except, a narrow vein along the outfides of the outermoit illands. I vifited my cat-traps and brought the two farthermofl down nearer to the firft; as the brook is likely to open foon. I had the fnow thrown off the flore, and the fouth fide of my dwelling-houfe; the former is very leaky, and many of the goods have got wet. A clear A clear morning, hazy about noon, and rain at night. <——» Ther. 5* 330—2h 591 °—8h 31°. April. The boys and I were employed moll part of the day, in look- Tuefday 14. ing over the goods in the ftore-houfe, removing the cafks, and wMihtu clearing the fnow out from between them ; and I had the plea- md calm' fure to difcover, that the goods had taken no damage worth fpeaking olf. Cloudy morning, clear and very hot afterwards j the fnow goes off the ground fader than I ever faw it before. Ther. 5h 43°—59*°— 9h3*°- At four this morning I fent Patrick to the fealing-poft, to ex- Wednef. 15. amine the condition of the provifions and craft; and to fecure s> Wr them from taking damage by the thawing weather. At the moderaCe' fame time Jack went and ilruck up the traps which I tailed on the tenth inftant, and returned at live in the evening, with a filver-fox and feven ptarmigans. He informed me, that the ice in the narrows of this harbour is grown fo weak, that it is NtE-dangerous to crofs. I went round my eaft walk, and found thofe traps which had been drifted over in the maruh; I Ilruck up that which is by the fide of the harbour, but faw no figns of fur. A little froft; a hazy, mild day, and it rained freely in the evening. Ther. 4h 300 —2h 630 —8h 380. Jack ilruck up his eaflern traps; he brought home feven Thur£!ayt6. groufe and fhot at a yellow-fox. I took a walk upon Signal Hill, and fat there for fome time but faw nothing. 'Fhe fnow is fo much gone off, that the hills on the fouth fide of the harbour may now be ieen out of the windows ; and part of the fouth, and weft point is bare. Clear till noon, hazy after. Ther. 411 350 —i2h 570—8h 40°. The S. IV. nodi rate t—a-, The two boys were hauling home firewood in the morning, April*. and digging away the fnow from before the door all the reft »r&rf of the day. The firit gull appeared; it was one of thofe which rariabu. attend the ducks. This circumltance makes me think, that the fnjii. ice has parted from the fhore, to the fouth ward of this place. moderate. JaC^ m0t a groufe at the doOl\ Ther. 4h 350 —12'' 6o°—8h Saturday i8. The boys were clearing the fnow away from the welt end of n» e, gentle, fa [joufe breakfaft-ti me, when they were driven off by the weather. Fog and rain all day. Ther. 4h 360 —2h 400—9h 370. Sunday 19. Jack and Terry took a walk upon Signal Hill, and killed a e.N. e. groufe. At three this afternoon Patrick returned from Sutton little. 0 Bay, and faid, that neither the provifions nor craft had taken any damage; that the ice was IT ill fait at fea; that five fmall companies of deer had lately croffed from the fouth,.aid and gone upon the peninfula; that he met with feventccn in a herd, about four miles from thence, but could not get a fhot at them; that he faw one wolf on his firft going thither, another foon after, and feveral had been lately about the houfe. lie came over Bald Ifland to-day, and faw much frefh flot of deer there; 5- E- he found the ice knee deep in water, all the way from Sandy Point to this place, and the fnow upon the land was fo very rotten, as to make it extremely bad walking. Foggy till noon, broken clouds after. '1 her. 411 —i!l ,-_•/> S. S. e. Monday 20. The boys were cutting firewood till breakfaft, and digging the fnow from before the door afterwards. One of the drains moderate. ■ was opened to procure water for the ufe of the houfe; having had no other than what was made from fnow, melted on the fire, lire, ever fince the feventh of December. I went to my cat- i traps and (truck them up. April. Cloudy. Ther. 4h 36* —1> 520—911 41 °. Early in the morning Jack flruck up all my traps, except Tuefday 21. the two which arc on the hill, and brought a marten out of w.Zdfme. one of thofe by Laar Brook. I walked to the top of the hill -and fat there two hours, but faw nothing. The boys were employed as yederday. This afternoon two men came down from Paradife, to remain here ; they left that place yeflerday. N.jrejh. I faw five faddlebacks in the tickle this afternoon. N.w.jirong; Clear till nine this morning, then dull till five in the evening, when it began to fnow fall; and at eight it drifted. Ther. 4h35°—12h 48°—8h All hands were felling firewood till breakfaft; afterwards Wednef. 22. four of them were throwing the fnow out of the garden, where s- E-frtJ}l-it. is fix feet deep yet, and the cooper was trimming buckets, kegs, &c. ' Dark, foggy weather, with diowers of fmall fnow. Ther. 4h35°~ i2h43°-8h33°. Jack looked for my loft traps on Earl Ifland, but could not Thwkmj 27. find them; he brought the fpringdiiare. The reft of the pco- moderate. pie were felling and hauling home fome firewood till breakfaft, & E. then they made and mended rackets, and made other prepa- s £ rations for a inarch lo-morrow. A clear morning, cloudy afterwards. Ther. 4* 270—i2h 440 -8" 34*°. The people were felling and hauling home wood till break- fp^y 2i-fafl, after which they threw the remainder of the fnow out of 5,£'^' the garden. After dinner I vifiled my two traps, one of which , which was carried from the top of the hill, down upon the ice, fome diftance from the fhore, where I found the two fore legs of a yellow-fox in it, and the fox dead a few yards olf; he was quite out of feafon. I have yet got a buck and a doc left, of the rabbits which I brought from Fngland ; and as the latter has ran loofe about the houfe all winter, and kindled in a box in the dining-room, I have had opportunities of making fome obfervations on her and her young ones. She went twenty-nine days with young; the young ones not only came into the world blind, but (heir ears were alfo fhut, nor could they move them until the tenth day; on the eleventh they began to fee, on the twelfth their eyes were quite open, and on the thirteenth they could cock up their ears. The doe did not continue in the box from the time Ihe kindled her firft young one^ until ihe got quit of the laft, but often came out at intervals; nor did fhe ever flay with them after, longer than a minute or two at a time, to give them fuck, always covering them well up with fur, which fhe pulled from off her belly and fides with her mouih. They have a very angular way of chewing their cud, if it may be fo called, for they receive their own dung into their mouths and eat it. The doe, both before and during her firil pregnancy, preferred fpruce-beer to every other liquor, but afterwards, fhe grew fond of human urine, and liked it beft warm. Foggy, dark weather, with fome fmall fnow. Ther. ah 350—-i2h 460—9"1 390. Saturday =5. All hands were getting firewood till dinner, afterwards they WhdS. E. were employed in various things about the houfe, I went to e. moderate. Earl Ifland, and looked for my loft traps, but could not find n.e. iktk. cither of them. It was good walking, and there was not "much water on the ice. Some Some fog over head, a little rain, and afterwards fleet. Ther. ' 4h 33° — lh 6o° —8'' 3 6°. The tickles began to open to-day. Sunday 26. Wind all round Cloudy, warm weather all day. Ther. 4'1 390 — I2h 62° — 8h 42-0 littlt' The people cut fome wattles for the garden fence, until they Monday 27. were driven out of the woods by the weather ; when they put £-moderatf- them up, and picked oakum for the rcll of the day. I fowed N-fome muflard and creffes in the garden. Thick fog all day; it fnowed in the morning, and we had fmall rain after. Ther. 4h 390—2h 430—8h 370. The people wrcre cutting wattles, and putting them up until Tuefday 28. the afternoon, when they felled firewood. I took a walk upon S' w'lutU' the hill, and fat there fome time, but faw only feveral gulls. w- I obferved that the tickles break up very flowly, even in the w. flrength of the tide; a fure fign of the great thicknefs of the ice; #£ and as there is fo much water on it every where, the nights being very mild, it is almofl impolfible to crofs it. Cloudy mild weather. Ther. 411 — & 6o° —9h 370. The garden fence was completed, a door made and hung, Wednef. 29. the upper beds dug, and fome radifli, onion, cabbage, and j^j. cauliflower feeds fown to-day. A filver-fox came upon the fhoals near the houfe; Icourfcd him, but the fnow was too rotten for the dog to run. I obferved the roots of wild rye to be vegetating in the ground. Thick fog; it fnowed till noon, and rained after. Ther. 4* 37"—12^ 4.0°—^ 37<\ N. E. All hands were felling polls and fhores for the platform of Thurfday 30. Vol. II. S f the £' the wharf. I fowed a few grains of Siberian wheat, oats, and barley. Thick fog, with mild weather. Ther. 41'1 37°— nh56° — 8'1 40". At fix this morning three deer came acrofs Great Marfh, and went up the harbour upon the ice, but I did not fee them in time to attempt getting a fhot. At nine I went upon Signal Hill, and immediately difcovered feven others come round Black Head, and make for the marfh. I waylayed them there, and at the fame time meeting with Jack, we flationed ourfelves properly to receive them. Three old hinds foon made their appearance, and I killed one with a fhot from my double barrel; Jack flruck another, and with my fecond barrel I tumbled the third acrofs that which I had killed before. The refl turned back and ran out upon the ice, where they flopped to try if they could difcover what had frightened them, until I crept through the intervening bufhes, and killed the oldcfl hind with my rifle, at a hundred and thirty yards diflance. Although the other four then faw me plainly, yet they ran only a hundred yards further before they flopped again, until I reloaded and fired a fourth time; but at too great a diflance to have much chance: after which they turned into Laar Cove, croffed Great Marfh to the harbour, and purfucd the flot of the former three. I fent Jack for the refl of the people and two fleds, on which we carried the deer home, and I broke them up immediately. They were all with calf, and in very good condition for this time of the year; the twelve quarters weighed three, hundred and eighty-one pounds. Cloudy, warm weather. Ther. 4h 370 —zh 600 —oh 44°. Jack Sal unlay 2, Wind W. moderate: Jack went upon Black Head, to Ice how the ice was below; <~~~^j~ he informed me, that it appeared to be weak, but was not "Tf#£ broken up, higher than it was in February; but that the drift ice was gone olT. The refl of the people were felling pofts and fhores till dinner-time. At ten o'clock I went upon the hill, from whence I faw nine deer upon the ice in the harbour, going upwards, but knowing it would be impodiblc to get a fhot, I did not attempt it; I loll a fine chance by not going fooner. I faw a pair of black-ducks. ( loudy till three in the afternoon, and foggy with fome fmall rain afterwards. Ther. /\h 40° —2h \G°—911 380. At four o'clock this morning I fent the cooper and Jack off Sunday 3. for the flage, and at fix the other three hands went off for the moderate. fealing-pofl; but the latter returned at ten, after going about half Way acrofs the Flatts, allcdging for a reafon, that there was too much Water upon the ice, which was grown too rotten for them to proceed. But this pretence had no weight with me, for the whole truth of the matter, was, that they were really afraid to venture upon the ice; nor do 1 wonder that they fhpuld be fo. as none of them had ever wintered in this country before; therefore they are not good judges of the condition of ice at this time of the year. I went upon the hill to fee them crofs, where I remained until they returned back, and from thence I could plainly fee, that the ice was perfectly good all the way, which is about fix miles. The great tickle is not broken up more than a quarter of a mile. I faw a groufe on the hill. Dark, and cold weather. Ther. 4'' 330—11' 390— 8h 320. At four this morning I fent the people olf again for Sutton Monday 4. Bay. At eight I went upon the hill, at which time they were crolTing the channel of the Flatts; and at half pafl nine they " $ f 2 turned j—i turned round Sandy Point out of my fight. I killed a groufe y[ on the hill and fat watching till eleven, then returned home, crofled the harbour and watched there till two, but faw nothing. The water is gone off the ice very much within thefe two days pail. Clear, with frofly air. Ther. 4h 33°—i2h 380—8h 330. ay 5< After breakfaft I went upon the hill and watched till eleven . o'clock, but no deer appearing, made me conjecture, that the e. frefli water on the top of the ice, being now frozen, it was too flippery for them to walk upon, as they would cafily become a prey to the wolves; befides, the fnow is now fo hard in the woods, that it is very good travelling acrofs the country, and all the marfhes being clear of fnow, they can get food as they travel along. I am the more confirmed in this opinion, as I never knew them crofs the ice at this time of the year, until the fun had thawed the furface fufficiently to enable them to keep their feet. The bridge of ice at the eafl end of the fmall ifland at the head of this harbour, broke up lafl night. Clear, frofly weather. Ther. yu 320—i2h 341—8h 300. A large flock of cider-ducks came into the tickle to-day, but calm. I could not get at them; which makes me conclude, that the At nine this morning I took my flation on the hill, and foon difcovered eleven deer on the ice, coming from Huntingdon Illand. I waylayed them in the fouth-weft corner of Laar Cove, where I killed an old hind with my double barrel, and fhould have had another, if the fecond barrel had not burnt priming only ; they then turned back and ran a little way, when I fired /V. E. gentle. a fhot a fhot with my rifle at a confiderabie diflance, but milled; which fent them back, round Black'Head. I then broke up the deer and hung his quarters upon a tree. Whilfl I was at work, I obferved five other deer going round Black Head alfo, and, when I got home was informed, that they came down the harbour, clofe by my houfe. This hind, which had dropped her horns, was giving fuck and was not with calf again; circum-f lances which I never obferved in any hind which I ever killed at this time of the year, for they feldom mew till the middle of June. A good deal of the tickle broke up to-day. The weather being hot, it was good walking for the deer upon the ice, but bad in the Woods; therefore, I think my former conjectures were right. There was a large halo round the fun to-day, and another round the moon at night; thefe appearances are generally foon followed by a hard gale of wind, yet, it is not always the cafe. Ther. yh 39°—ih 6o° —8h 35°. At five this morning I took the women, with the dog and fled, and fent the venifon home by them; the quarters weighed one hundred and feventeen pounds. 1 remained on the hill till noon, but law nothing : A deal of ice broke up to-day, and I obferved a large hole was opened, between Sandwich Tickle and Swallow Ifland, and another under the eaft head of Earl Ifland. I obferved the firft natural vegetation to-day. In the afternoon, eight geefe fettled in the tickle. Clear, hot weather. Ther. 4h 320 —i'1 54°—c/ 36°. After breakfaft I went upon the hill and Maid there a couple of hours. Sandwich Tickle was opened almoft to Swallow Illand, and it foon after gave way above Diver Ifland, higher than I could fee. Diver Tickle had a large hole in it,'and there is another near Indian Ifland. The ice evcrv where in the 1778. May. Wind E. little. Friday 8. N. little and moderate by turns. Saturday 9, E.freJIi. N. E. m ode rate.« <-\—> the flrcngth of the tide looks verv weak, but the red is dill 1770. . Mjv> flrong. I faw the firft fandpipcrs". I felt a good deal of pain from (he rheumatifm. Clear all day, but at fun-fef, a wet fog came in from fea. Ther. .\h 900—2h 11°—# tf^ Sunday 10. A wet fog in the morning, but clear afterwards with a hot KJUtu. fun and cold air, occafioned by a fog on the coaft. Ther. 4!l hrijk utth. 3G°__12h 460—91' ;.?50. Monday it, I ealkcd and payed the Roebuck. A great deal of die ice in S S K '*n the harbour broke up to-day; there is now only a narrow bridge acrofs it, a little below the illands. Cloudy weather, and verv cold in the wind. Ther. 411 28°— i2h 58°—9'1 390. Tuefday 12. I launched the Roebuck this afternoon, and went over to Earl s. e. Ifland to look for one of my loft traps, but the fnow is ftill too deep to find it; I brought however one of Jack's from thence. Diver Tickle is open quite through, and communicates with Sandwich Tickle at the upper end but not at the lower, Alexander and hemlock appear; alfo the oats and barley which I fowed on the thirtieth ult. A cloudy day. Ther. 4h 39° —i!l 520—oh 420. Wednef. t3. At noon I went upon the hill to take a view of the ice, and r frcjju obferved, that Cartwright River was open lower than Sandy Point; Sandwich Tickle was broken up as far as below Swallow Ifland; that the bridge acrofs this harbour was gone, and that all the ice in Huntingdon harbour and on the Idatts was very bad. On opening the ground, I obferved that the kelp which I laid on the garden lafl year, had now bred an infinite number of thofe fmall worms, which I faw among the caplin-fpawn 011 the n. e. the nineteenth of July 1776*; and that they had totally devour- 1— ed all the feeds which I fowed on the twenty-ninth of lafl month : M»r. I therefore fowed thofe beds afrefh to-day, alfo a few others; likewife fome cucumber feeds, under glafles. I faw fome fhellbirds. Cloudy and cold all day, and foggy in the evening. Ther. 4h 42° —i2h55-—9h 35°- I went upon the hill this morning, but could not perceive Thurfday i. much ice gone fince yeflerday. Indian falad is now fpringing n'^;J; A cold and cloudy morning, but the refl of the day was clear and warm. Ther. 4h 34° •— 12'' 57° —tf* 45". In the morning I walked to the top of the hill, and obferved Friday i5, that much ice had broken up fince yeflerday. Between Diver Tickle and this, there being only a narrow bridge, it gave way with the flood tide: and at the fame time fo much ice drove into the harbour, that I think Huntingdon Tickle mufl be ripped up for a long way down. I could fee that the main jam was clofe in with the fhore; therefore, as the people cannot get from Sutton Bay to the flage, I am afraid the cooper and Jack AW-will be badly oft' for provifions, unlefs they have killed fome venifon. Geefe are now in tolerable plenty. A clear, hot day. Ther. 4h 43°—2h 63° —9'' 46°. 5. IV. little E. variable. I went upon the hill this morning, and found that a commit- Saturday it jr. all round little. nication is open with Sandwich Tickle to the eaflward, and only a bridge of weak ice between this place and Black Head. At feven this evening the cooper and Jack returned from the flage, and reported, that the offing to the northward was clear; that Ifthmus, and Blackguard Bay were flill frozen up, and that there was. ice from the weft end of Fillbelly to Hare Iflands; N,f,F'1 but rr**-1 but I expect that all thofe places will break up to-night. I fhol May. a black-duck. Exceffively hot till noon, fome rain after. Ther. 411 420— I2h JO{°— 911 41 °. Sunday 17. jack wcnt to Laar Cove for fome hay, he reported, that the s.w./rejii. ice below, was much the fame as yellerday. In the evening w- the ftill part of the harbour began to clear. n. w. . n. n,e. Small clouds all day, and dull in the evening. Ther. 4h 40 ° little. —ih 62°—911 44c Monday 18. At fix this morning, taking the cooper and Jack with me, I s.w.frejii. went up the harbour in the Roebuck, to look for the loll traps, but found only one of them. I fent Jack to ftrike up the deer-traps, but he could get at only one; the other being yet covered with much fnow. In the mean time the cooper and I fat-watching for geefe, but wc could not get a Ihot as very few were llirring; but we faw a great many black-ducks. Two calm. fwallows appeared to-day, which is very early for them, and I obferved a Item of grafs Ihewing its feed, although not yet two freA inches out of the ground, Ther. 411 420 — i2h 68° — 1/ 520. This mornimr all the ice was driven out of the harbour, ex-19. 0 nefday CCpt fome fcattered ituff near the diore, and what lies above moderate. low water mark. Ramifies, onions, crcfles, and cucumbers ->pear in the garden: I had the fouth fence repaired, and the a]r of the ground dug. Jack went to Laar Cove for fome hay; icft . ded a fhellbird and a black-duck, and I killed another: he . kn. -n grcafc picnty noWj 0LIt very fhy. they are ^ two m tjie aftcrnoon, but fqually afterwards. Small ra. n TOi, r t)_nii 0n° Ther. 4'>44> 54 9 39 * The cooper and Jack felled polls and Ihores till breakfaft; and killick-claws afterwards. I took a walk to Laar Cove, and obferved, that the Flatts were clear of ice, except from the high duck ifland to Huntingdon Illand. Cloudy, cold weather all day, but clear and mild in the evening. Ther. 4h 360 — i2h 480 —q'1 370. At eight this morning, taking the cooper and Jack with me, I let off for Paradife in the Roebuck. We had a dangerous paffage in eroding Sandwich Bay, as it blew ftrong; and there was fo much fea that I expecded every mmute the fkiff would have fdled; but at one o'clock we got into the narrows of Hinch-ingbrook Bay, where wc found Mr. Collmgham, with all hands repairing the Beaver; fhe not being blocked up laft fall, was ftaved by the lifting of the ice. The OtEer alio, being left in the water all the winter, and too near the fhore, was ftaved and funk to the water edge. I found the new boats, viz. two fhallops, one baitfkiff, and three fmall, four-oared fluffs, were finifhed ready for calking, and every other thing in tolerable forward-nets; fo that upon the whole, I do not think I have any reafon to be diffatisfied with their winter's work. A clear day, and very warm out of the wind. Ther. 411 340 -9hP.1M.390. , At five this morning I fet off homeward, in the Roebuck with four hands, to fetch fome nails, and carried Mr. Collingham's furs with me; the whole of which was only eight martens and an otter. We met with a large pan of ice in Sandwich Bay, which had driven out of Eaft Arm, and had fome difficulty to pafs it. I took up the foxtraps which were left in April, and tailed two of them for otters, upon the rubbingplace by the narrows of Cartwright Harbour, and got home at two in the afternoon. Vol. II. T t Hazy 5. E. moderate. Thurfday 2 l. N. E. fmart. Friday 22; N. E, fref:. S. E.fmart. s. 1778 all round. n. w. fmart. Hazy till four in the afternoon, when it rained. Ther. 4*1 440 May. -I2h 590-9h 47°. Sunday 33. At fix this morning I fet off again for Paradife, and flopped s. \\\imu. on the fmall ifland a fliort. time to Ihoot ducks, where I killed one. 1 found an excellent rubbingplace, under the cliff between Dykes River and Longftretch, on which was a fingle-fpring trap, with the foot of an otter in it, which I fuppofe muit have been tailed there by Jofeph Friend, when he firft came here. I difcovercd fome more good rubbingplaccs between Longftretch and Eaft Arm; alfo fome excellent fandy beaches, fit to haul up fkiffs upon, if caught by blowing weather. We got into Hinchingbrook Narrows at five in the afternoon, and found the Beaver finifhed; fhe was immediately got afloat, and removed up to Paradife. Jack killed a black-duck, with hard A cloudy morning, clear day, and in the afternoon we had a fmart thunder-fhower. Ther. 411 430.—iih 610—911 430. Sunday 24. Small rain and fleet in the morning, with rain and fog the 'frtpi.' reft of the day. Ther. 4h 39°—ih 470—9h 370. n. e. little. Monday 25. Smith and his alfitlants were at work on the new boats; the n. e.frefh. rcft of the people were picking oakum. I had thirty-twro little. empty tierces brought from the falmon houfe, to buoy the * Otter up with; at high water in the evening we hauled her clofe in fhore, and at midnight flowed the empty tierces in her. Mr. Collingham had an otter and a marten in his traps to-day. Hard rain and fleet in the morning, then fmall rain with fog, till four in the afternoon, and cloudy for the remainder of the day. Ther. 4h 360 —2h 210—0} 35°. At At high water we hauled the Otter clofe to the bank, and at low water fhe was dry. We then found that her rudder and May. ftern-poft were fhivered to pieces, her garboards out, and feveral Tuefday 26. of her other planks were ftaved : but after Smith took out her wind ftern-poft, he pronounced her to be repairable, as he could not N-E- perceive that any of her other timbers were damaged. At fuch Jiuall>' times as he could not work on her, he was employed on the new boats. Some hands were loading the Beaver with (lage timbers. A dull morning, and rainy day. Ther. 4h 380—ih 40° — At day-break I had the Otter blocked up very high, and, on Wednef, 27. fome of her forward planks being ripped off, it was difcovered Nt w.frtjki that her Item and fome other timbers were ftarted, but thofe things were fuppofed to have been done, when fhe was driven on fhore in the year 1774. The Beaver's loading being com-pleated this morning, fhe failed for the (lage at eight o'clock. iittk[ Five hands were employed till noon, in getting a new ftern-poft out of the woods. Smith and his crew were at work on the Otter, and one of the fkiffs; accordingly as the tides ferved. After dinner I went with my crew irf the Roebuck, up Hinch- E' ingbrook Bay, where I flrot a goofe and two feals, but got only one of the latter. I examined the birch there, and found plenty of it to be fit for cooper's work, and wc gathered fome killick-flones. A good deal of fnow fell laft night and this morning; it was dull and cold afterwards. Ther. 4h 320—ih 400—Qh 320. This morning Smith put the new ftern-poft into the Otter. Thurfday 28. The Roebuck was frefh calked ; and at ten o'clock, I fet off in caim' her with my crew for White-bear River. I landed on the well fhore of Sandwich Bay, and walked to the top of the hill which makes the fouth head of Coopers Cove. All that part of the T t 2 country country is covered with thick woods, with a few fmall marfhes here and there. There is a good deal of birch fit for cooper's work, between Red Iiland and the brook which is to the fouth-ward of it; and there is fome on the fouth fide of Coopers Cove. Upon the fmall illands there, I got two gull's eggs, but few ducks are come yet. At one o'clock it blowing too frefh to row againfl the wind, we went to the brook, but the tide being low, we could not get the fkiff into it till fix at night; in the mean time, I landed and walked up. 1 obferved it had lately been much ufed by black-bears, deer, geefe, and ducks. I killed a goofe and a fhellbird, and Jack, another fhellbird and a porcupine. There is a very fine bear-path round the cove. I fowed fome cucumber feeds by the brook, and at night we pitched a tent and lay in it. Hazy till noon, and clear after. Ther. 4h 390—ih 530—gh 44°. In the morning I killed a fhellbird; and the tide ferving at nine o'clock, we rowed out of the brook and proceeded as far as a fmall cove, near the north head of Coopers Cove, in which there is a fandy beach, and fome good trees, chiefly firs, very convenient for loading a fhallop. The wind blew fo flrong that wre could not go farther; whereupon we pitched the tent and made a good fire in the woods, then walked into another fmall cove, weftward of that, which is both deeper and broader, where a fhip may ride in perfecf fafety; and it has a good beach alfo. There we found an eagle's nefl in a tree, and by the fide of a cliff, were fome nefls of martins, and one of a horn-owl. Dull till five o'clock, afterwards rain and fnow. Ther. 4h 400—ih 53°—9h 37°. In the afternoon I fent the cooper out a fhooting to the northward, and Jack to the fouth ward ; the latter killed the owl, the nefl neit. of which we found yeflerday; and faw the frefh flot of a Hag, and the track of a black-bear. It fnowed hard till nine this morning, then was dull till fix in the evening, after which it cleared up. Ther. 4h 370—1211 4IO—9h 35°- moderate. At four this morning we went into the next cove, and got the Sunda>'31 * P ° Wi little. young owls ; there were three of them, but one was killed by falling on the ground ; by the fide of the nefl, lay half of an old rabbit. At five we fet off for White-bear River, and at three in the afternoon got up to the falmon-poit, where I found every j^* thing in good condition. Plenty of wolves had been about the place during the winter, and fome of them had broke into the fifhermen's houfe, and deflroyed fome dried fifh. We found the river as low as in the fummer, and I put out a net but Uttle< caught no fifh. Soon after wc arrived, a wolf went up along the oppofite fhore, and we faw feveral geefe and other water-ibwls. I killed a goofe and a porcupine ; and fowed fome cucumber feeds in the garden. A clear, cold day. Ther. 4* 370 —i2h 6i°—c/1 6o°. June. Early this morning we took up the net and hung it upon Monday i# the fcaffold to dry ; there was a pike of fix pounds and a half in it. I went to the beaver-houfe, out of which the two beavers <•*/«. were caught lafl fall, and tailed a trap near it. In a fmall pond, which has been made by the beavers a little above, we found an old houfe. The flint was the longed and completed I ever faw; it extended acrofs a fmall vale, through which ran a narrow rill of water, by which means a pond, of about an acre, was formed; this is often the practice of thofe induflrious animals. But when they are found in fuch a place, it is a very cafy matter to kill the whole family (or crew, as the furriers term them) for, by cutting a large breach in the flint, all the water water is foon drained off, and they cannot make their efcape. We faw a brace of deer on an illand in the river, but could not get a ihot. After we returned, I examined another calk of nets, put back the one which I took out yeflerday, and headed the cafk up again; then had part of the garden dug. Hazy and cloudy weather. Ther. 6h 450—qh 630—9h 62** Some more of the garden was dug, and we fowed fome rad-ifhes, onions, turnips, mullard and ere ties. After breakfafl I croffed the river and walked down to Spring Brook, where I examined all the vallies, but faw only a very little frefli dot of deer. From thence I turned through the birch woods, which abound in excellent hoop-poles, up to the very top of the ridge of hills oppofite to the falmon-poft. I then went to a large pond which lies under the fouth end of that ridge, and empties into Eagle River; on the north fide of which, I found three large beaver-houfes, with a ftrong crew of beavers belonging to one of them: for, in the wood, lay as many trunks of flout birch trees as would load the biggeft lighter on the river Thames; and in the pond, were as many logs and flicks, frefli cut, as would load two or three large flage waggons. I got back at four in the afternoon, and fent Jack for the trap which I tailed yeflerday; it had a toe of an old beaver in it. Cloudy all day. Ther. 6h 570 — i2h 63" — qh 620. A little before fun-rife this morning we faw a black-bear, upon the ifland oppofite to the falmon-polt, which it immediately quitted and went into the woods. At four o'clock we fet out homewards with a fine breeze of wind, which held until we ran half way ; it then fhifted, and obliged us to row to Loon Point; from thence we croffed Sandwich Tickle (a thing which I am not fond of doing, as there is a race of tide and it is full of whirlpools) went down Diver Tickle and landed on Gull Rock, i778; E.S. E. Rock, where we killed a pair of eider-ducks, and gathered five of their eggs, and three gull eggs. We took up two traps which Jack Ju"e« had left on it, and looked for the one which he loll in December lad; but although we found fome places in the woods where the fox had been entangled, yet we could not find the trap. We alfo fa Jy^. looked for, and found one of thofe which I loll on Earl Ifland. Arriving at home at four in the afternoon; I was informed, that the Beaver fhallop not being able to get down to the flage, as the main jam of ice was come in fhore again, had landed her cargo on the wharf here, and returned to Paradife for another load; alfo, that the three men whom I fent to Sutton Bay, had returned and gone up to Paradife. Every thing which I fowed in the garden is come up, but they have all been much retarded in their growth by the late cold winds, which produced frothy nights, and killed the cucumbers. In the evening I took the women for my boats crew, and went up the harbour to the ottertraps, one of which was ilruck up. More ducks than ufual were about the iflands. A cloudy day. 1 her. 4h 620 —gh P. M. 620. At feven this morning I fet off in the Roebuck upon a cruife, Thurfday 4. taking the cooper and Jack with me; wc landed on Beaver, and Speckled Ifland, on which we diot fix ducks and gathered two hundred and thirty-two eggs; from thence we went up Cartwright River, where, finding that the beavers were flill in the fame houfe, I tailed five traps for them. We pitched our tent at the mouth of the brook. A clear hot day. Ther. Ah 630—i2h 6g°—gh 550. At four this morning I fent Jack to look at the traps, and as Friday 5. foon as he returned, we Ilruck the tent and went down the river N' w-fre^ to Sandy Point, where we flopped until the tide was high enough to crofs the fands. We then endeavoured to go to the woody ifland ifland in Sutton Bay; but the wind blowing too frefh, we turned back and pitched our tent on Sandy Point. I killed a porcupine and three flrangcrs, but got only one of the latter. Cloudy warm weather. Ther. 4h 540 — i2h 690. Saturday 6. At na^Pa^ two tms morning, we rowed up the river and took WM up the traps; nothing had been on them: but we faw the frefh vwdaate. feeting of beavers, on the fands below the flint. We then returned to Sandy Point, flruck the tent and went homeward. We landed on Speckled, Beaver, and High Ifland, on which we ft fhot three ducks and gathered two hundred and fixty eggs. We got home at five in the afternoon; when I was informed, that the Beaver had paffed by for the ilage, with another load of wood, on Thurfday lafl. I planted fome wild currants in the garden. Cloudy weather. Ther. 4h 540 —i2h 700—gh 6o°. The garden does not come on fo well as it ought, as the weather of late has been too dry; and either exceffivclv hot, or very cold. Short topped radifhes and early fugar-loaf cabbages are the forwarded of any thing, and lettuces grow pretty well. Clear till one o'clock, foggy afterwards. Ther. 411 52°— i2h 53°—Qh 43 I had a fkiff load of wood felled and brought home. After dinner, I took the women and went round the harbour in the fkiff; I found my other loft trap, and killed a pair of eider-ducks and a pair of fhellbirds on the woody ifland, but could find no eggs. A deer has lately been upon it and flopped fome days, but I believe it is gone. . It rained till noon, and was foggy afterwards. Ther. 4h 43,, Sunday 7. w. s. w. E. fmart. Monday 8, E. moderate. I had Wind S. moderate. I had fome drains dug between my houfe and the (lore. At ten o'clock, Mr. Daubeny and tlx hands arrived in the Stag and Fox. He informed me that they had not been fucccfsful in catching feals, and that no furs had been caught on this coafl: lafl: winter; that he had killed only a hundred and thirty feals; that no veflels had yet arrived from England, nor any boats from Newfoundland. He left Charles Harbour on Saturday morning, and arrived at the flage laft night. The Stag was unloaded, and fome wood put on board her. A clear, hot day. Ther. 4h 450—ih 620—c/1 57°. Earlv this morning we completed the loading of the Stag, and Wednef, to. flie failed for the fta^e. Jack went to Eaar Cove for fome of the traps; he brought home three, and killed a fhellbird; I s. moderate. fhot an eider-duck. A clear, hot day, with a little rain at night. Ther. 4h 520— 2h 60°—oh 63 °. After breakfaft I went in the fkilF, with all my family, round Thurfday it. the weft fhore of Huntingdon Ifland ; we picked up all the s.iutie. traps there, except one which was not to be found, gathered fixty eggs, and killed a duck upon Wreck Ifland. I took a walk on Huntingdon Iiland, and obferved, that there were many deer paths, but none of them had been ufed this fpring. In the evening, the Stag and Fox came up from the flage. Dull with a little ram in the morning; clear afterwards. Ther. S, E. frrjh. 4h 52°—Qh P.M. 63 °. At day-break I fent four hands to Sutton Bay in a Ikirf, to look for the Beaver, fearing fome accident had happened to her . as Sue urat \o go from the flage to that place, to fetch home t- fealmg-crai: At fev.-n o'clock, Mr. Daubeny failed in the Stag for PiLuLit, to fix the falmon crews and bring down a Vol. II. Uu load Friday i 2. S. W. little; Si S. E. moderate. <—*j—i load of wood for the flage. I took a walk on Signal Hill, but junc faw nothing there; and in the evening, killed a fhellbird at the door. Cucumbers appear under the glaffes. Very hot weather. Ther. 4h 57 °—2h 730—c/1 640. Saturday 13. After breakfalt the women and I bailed out and moored the Wind w. s. w. Fox. At eleven the Otter came down from Paradife with a load of flage-wood, and after delivering me a letter, failed for Great Ifland. I cut fome muflard and creffes, and pulled a couple of radifhes, which are the firfl produce of the garden that have come to table this year. I killed an eider-duck. At ten o'clock at night, the fkiff returned from Sutton Bay, and the people informed me, that the Beaver had been delayed by the furf, in getting the things on board; but that fhe took in the lafl to-day, and had failed out of the bay for this place. Thefe people brought fix ducks, a diver, and two hundred and feventy-five eggs. I learned from them, that when the Beaver lafl got to the flage, William Phippard and his crew were there, in their way from IvucktokeBay to Black-bear Bay; and that they had killed but very few furs lafl winter. A fine day. Ther. 6h 62° —ih 68°—qh 560. Sunday 14. The Fox was loaded with wood, and in the afternoon fhe failed for Great Ifland. At four this afternoon, Mr. Daubeny arrived in the Stag, with five hands, and a load of wood. He informed me, that as he went up, he met four hands in a fkiff, w. at thefe narrows, who had been rinding in Eafl Arm, and had taken off all that they could find, amounting to two hundred nitches; that he took them up to Paradife with him, and had n. wjrcng. fettie(j fa crews for tnat p^ce, and White-bear River. He alfo informed me, that the Beavers crew, in their way back to Pa-liuu. radife on the thirty-firfl of lafl month, had killed the deer which I faw the figns of on the woody iiland, above this place. He brought fmart. brought the remainder of Collingham's fur (an otter and a marten) and three flink falmon, but no fpring filh are yet come in. A cloudy, cold day. Ther. 6h 52°—ih 630 —Qh 510. At four this morning Mr. Daubeny failed in the Stag for the Monday 15, flage, and at eight the Beaver returned from Sutton Bay, with Wi*ftk\ " all the things from the fealing-poll there. I had her unloaded by five in the afternoon, and fhe then failed for Paradife; they brought me a couple of young horn-owls, and alfo a broken ^ grapnel which they found upon a fmall ifland, where it had been left by fome of the Efquimaux. A clear day. Ther. 4h 480— 2h 68°. At four this morning I found the Stag at an anchor in the Tuefday 16, harbour; where fhe arrived lafl night at twelve, in her way to Eafl Arm, to fetch the rinds from thence; and at fix fhe failed. I went at the fame time in the Roebuck to the back fhore, and N.E.uttk. brought home one large trap and two fmall ones; I met the Otter going up to Paradife. After breakfaft I went with all my family into Dykes River, where I tailed five traps for otters, and a large one for a bear; no fpring falmon there yet. I killed three ducks, and gathered ten eggs on the woody ifland; one of the traps by the narrows was carried away, but by what I /ty* could not tell, unlefs it were by a wolf. Ther. 4h 500 —-oh P. M. 62°. At fix this morning I went again with all my family to Wednef. 17. Dykes River. Jack and I landed on the fouth fhore near the w'freJk-mouth of it, and walked downwards in queft of rinds, but found very few. I walked up the fide of the brook which comes down the hill, to a fmall pond, but faw no figns of beavers there. An otter-path comes down by the fide of it, . U u 2 and Wind s. E. ■moderate. and there is a good rubbingplace near the mouth, with fome few rinds and indifferent timber trees; fome fhallop timbers may be cut there, and along fhore. We met a fluff with two hands, from White-bear River, going to my houfe for moorings; I ordered them to proceed to the flage, but on my return, found them at Caribou; being flopped by the fhifting of the wind. Jack killed a porcupine, and faw the frefh tracks of feveral black-bears and wolves on the fhore beyond the brook which I went up. We got a tolerable plate of radifhes. Cloudy day. Ther. 4h 620 — 8h P. M. 50.0 Thurfday t! W. pong. N. AT. W. Jlrong. Friday 19. N. jlrong. jN. N. W. little. The White-bear River people fet out for the flage before daylight this morning. At five o'clock the Stag came to an anchor here, with the rinds on board; fhe took in fome boards and a few other things, and at eleven failed for the flage. After breakfaft I fent Jack into the country to the fouthward on a cruife. At one in the afternoon the Otter palled by, with wood from Paradife for the flage; and as fhe had no fkiff aftern, I am afraid it is loft: a heavy fquall flruck her when going through this tickle, and fhe was nearly upfet. At half pafl three the Beaver paffed by for the flage, with wood, feud ding under her fore-fail. I tranfplanted fome lettuces. Flard fqualls, with hail. Ther. 4* 520—i2h 6o°—8h 500. I tranfplanted fome more lettuces, and fome early fugar-loaf cabbages to-day; covering the ground between the plants with fea weed. At nine at night Jack returned, and faid that he faw a young beaver in Dykes River, but could not find the houfe; that he met with much flot of deer, and found a trap which had been loft laft year. Squally, with fome fhowers of rain. Ther. 5'' 470—1 oh 520— 9h 4.9°' I put I put out a falmon-nct this morning off High Point; had a fpring fifh immediately, and four more foon after. At eleven , Junc« o'clock I went in the Roebuck to look at the ottertraps, in which jpjj 2°* I had three otters, and a fourth trap was ilruck up. I fhot an W' moderaU' eider-duck and a tern, and obferved, that a white-bear and a deer had been upon the point of Dykes River fince I was there lad. On my return in the evening I met the Stag and Otter, jreji.' and fpoke with the people of both; the former was going a rinding to White-bear River; the latter to Paradife, for another load of wood. I received a letter from the head-man at Paradife, dated the eighteenth indant, informing me, that the fifli came in there on the fifteenth, but were not yet plentiful. I had ten fpring fifh and a flink in the net at night. A cloudy day. Ther. 4h 470 — ioh P. M. 450. NotwithHanding this is the longed day in the year, it was as SumUy at. cold as the middle of November in England; it was very dark, Nj^' with flrong gales, which occafioned our having but ten fifh in the net. Ther. 5* 45* — 9'' P. M. 44^ N' E~ jack and I were mending a fahnon-nct all day; we had twelve Monday 22 filh. Fhe flies bit very much, for the firft time this year. s. iv. iktu. The weather was clear and exceflively hot. Ther. 4h 430 — **w ** 670 — 9h 57°- mart. At four this morning, perceiving the Otter at anchor in the Tue% 23 harbour, I ordered her round into the tickle, but in getting under weigh, fhe drove on fhore a little beyond the flore-houfe. I went on board immediately in the fkifi: and carried out an anchor, but wc were obliged to lighten her before fhe could be got off into deep water; afterwards fhe took part of her loading in again, and completed it with beams from this place. place. She then got under weigh again, and foon after miffing flays, we let go the anchor; but not having room enough to bring up, fhe drove on fhore within the wharf, where we made- her fafl, then carried out an anchor and got her under fail. Thefe delays made it three in the afternoon before fhe got out, and as there were only three hands on board, I fent Jack to afhfl them. I received a letter by her from Paradife, informing me, that fifh were now in great plenty, and that they had about forty tierces on fhore. I killed fifteen fifh to-day, and took up the net for want of more fait Cloudy all day, hazy at night. Ther. 4h 570 —i2h 6gl° — Wednef. 24. 1 employed myfelf all this day in mending nets. Wirtd Hazy till noon, and foggy the refl of the day, with thunder, jSrT'ti* ligntemn§» and hard rain at night. Ther. $h 6j,°—ih 68°—c/ 57°. Thurfday 25. At eight o'clock this morning the Beaver flopped here in her n.n.e. way to White-bear River, and landed four tierces of fait and frtjh, J - _ four empty hogfheads. I put fome provifions and other things on board her, and die failed at eleven. At nine this morning, the Stag paffed by with rinds, and delivered me a letter from Mr. Collingham, informing me, that falmon firft appeared on the eighteenth inftant; but were fo fcarce with him, that he had killed but ten tierces. In the forenoon I mended a falmon net, and at five o'clock I went olf in the Roebuck witli the women, for Dykes River, where I had an otter in one trap, and two others were in the water. I brought all the traps awav from thence, and faw two otters on the ifland rock at the mouth of the river; one of which I fhot at, but did not kill him. I faw fome frefli dot of deer on the meadow by the fide of the river, and 1778. June. and got home at ten at night. The garden came on amazingly with lail night's rain, and this morning I tranfplanted fome junc. more lettuces. Wet fog in the morning, clear and cold afterwards. Ther. 4h 43°—12h 47°—1Qh 42°- I put out a falmon-net this morning, and in the whole day Friday 26. killed but fix filh, a very unpromifing circumftance. In the evening, I (hot an eider-duck. The day clear and cold, the evening foggy. Ther. 6h 430— 1 2h 520—ioh 440. Wind N. E. moderate. I killed fix falmon and a flounder. Obferving that the mice had done much mifchief in the garden, I put down a trap for them and caught one while I was fixing it. A hot day. Ther. 8h 6i° — i2h 700—gh 630. I could not clear the falmon-net to-day, as it blew ftrong and rained all day, with cold weather, Ther. 5h 430—12h 450— 9" 4i". Saturday 27. calm. E. S. E. frejk. S. E. S by W. Sunday 28. JV. /mart. I tranfplanted twenty-feven dozen of cabbages, hauled the Monday 29. net once, had nine fifh and mended another net. A clear day. Ther. 6h 43' •i2h 49e- ■9h 43 After breaftfaft, I went in the fkiff with the women, to the Tuefday 30. traps in the harbour, one of which had a robin-red-breaft in it. We landed on the woody ifland and there gathered fixteen eggs, I alfo fhot fix ducks, and my dog caught one. The Beaver was at an anchor above the narrows; at high water fhe got under fail, and worked down. I received a letter by her informing me, that more fait, cafks and men were wanted at Paradife ; that they had killed about four thoufand fifh in the laft eight days, and had above two hundred tierces of fifh on fhore; calm. N. E. Jrejk. 1778. Wind moderate. Wednef. i, X. frefh. calm, N. little, Thurfdjy 2. J\r. frtjli. N.E. "Friday 3. calm, varialle and frejh. calm. fhore; I fent her on to the 11 age immediately. I had fixteen fidi in my net to-day, and it was very much torn by them and others, which had gotten out. I loomed a fet of new oars for-the Roebuck. A frofly morning and clear day, with cold air. Ther. $h 42' —3h 5°° — 9h 45°- At noon the Fox came up from the flage, when I put fome empty cafks on board her, and at two o'clock die failed for Pa radife. Had but one fifh to-day. Cloudy till three, and rain afterwards. Ther. 6'1 45° — 9h P. m. 460. At three this morning, perceiving the Stag at anchor in the harbour, I launched the fkiff and went on board her. She had fait in her for Paradife, and Mr. Daubeny, who was on board: informed me that he arrived about ten lafl night, and that the Beaver was coming, in her way to White-bear Rive?*. She was filled up with empty cafks, and at nine, leaving Mr. Daubeny to go to White-bear River in the Beaver, I failed in hei for Paradife. I arrived there at half pafl one, when I found the Fox loading with wood, and at five Ihe failed for the flage Salmon are ftill very plentiful; by this evening they had killed in the whole, fix thoufand three hundred and fixteen, in thir teen days. Fhe empty cafks and part of the fait were landed. Wet fog all day. Ther. gh 450 —■ 1211 470 —911 420. In the courfe of this day we fhifted fome of the nets, killed three hundred and forty-one fifh, landed the refl of the fait, and the Stag fell down the river, to load with flage timber. A large white-bear was feen this morning at the mouth of Eafl River ; I went there afterwards and faw the tracks of him, and alfo of fome black bears. Ther. 4h 44*—i2h 590 — gh 46 \ At At four this morning the Beaver arrived from White-bear River, and brought four new nets; ihe palled Caribou Cafile in the night of the firft inflant. We had one hundred and twenty-five fifh in the nets this morning, and they were finking in very fad when I came away. Having completed the loading of the Stag, at noon I failed in her for White-bear River. We faw a large black-bear on the wed ihore of Sandwich Bay, but I would not go after him. We were working to windward in the bay all night. Cloudy, moid, cold weather. At three o'clock this morning we anchored and moored under the north Chore, about two miles from the mouth of White-bear River, when I took a couple of hands with me in the fluff, and rowed up to the falmon-poll. I found above fifty tierces of fifh on fhore, but the fifhing was very flack; they having killed but twenty-fix yeilerday. In Eagle River, where they had put out fome nets, they found the fifh tolerably plentiful; they brought one hundred and twenty-fix from thence yeflerday, and faw a large black-bear, at which they threw flones, for want of a gun. I took in twenty-five hogfhead packs, and ordered Mr. Collingham to fetch his nets from Eagle River, and then to go with two hands and join the crew at Paradife. At eight this morning I fet out for the boat, at the fame time Mr. Collingham went olf for Eagle River, and when we had got fome diflance off, we difcovercd a large black-bear going down the north fhore. I landed behind and followed him, but when I was almoft within fhot, he winded Mr. Collingham, who had got into the woods a head of him, and ran into the woods. The wind blowing frefh and the flood coming m, my two men could not row out of the river, therefore we landed on Dove Point, from whence I took a walk along fhore to Dove Brook, went fome Vol. II. X x diftance 1778. July. Wind little. calm. Monday 6. N. W. moderate. N. E. frejh. moderate. Tuefday 7. E. N. E. moderate. E. S. E. lal/n. diftance up it, and returned back to the fkilF through the woods. I law the tracks of feveral black-bears on the fhore, and found a path of thofe animals by the fide of the brook, which had been much ufed. I killed a pair of geefe that had fix young ones, and faw the track of a large white-bear and fome frefh beaver-cuttings ; from which, I am certain there is a beaver-houfe not far off. At five in the evening we rowed out of the river, and immediately perceived another black-bearcoming along fhore from Dove Brook. I landed and waited for him near the point, but was again difappointed, as he accidentally went into the woods, palled behind me, came out again clofe to the fkiff, and then returned back the fame way. I fpoke to Mr. Collingham on his return, who had got a hundred and forty fifli. We got on board the Stag at dark, and remained at anchor for the night. A clear day. Ther. 4'' 410—ih 590—9h 44°. We came to fail at three this morning, and at eight anchored at Caribou. I was informed that fifh had been very plentiful thefe two days paft, and we killed twenty-five and a feal to-day. At five in the evening, Mr. Daubeny failed in the Stag for the flage. Some more cabbages were tranfplanted. Foggy and cold all day. Ther. 4h 440 — i2h 500 —9h 42°. At ten this morning the Beaver paffed by for the flage. The boatsmafler informed me there was good fifhing again at Paradife, and that their fait was almoft expended; I boarded him in the tickle and took Jack out; putting in his room, a man who was left here out of the Stag. We had thirty-one fifh out of the net to-day; took it up and put out another: we alfo repacked a pucheon of fifh, which was leaky. Foggy till noon, clear afterwards. Ther. 4h 440—ih 630— 9h4i°. I mended I mended die net which we took up yeflerday, killed fifteen fifli and took a walk upon Signal Hill. At nine at night, Mr. Collingham with four hands, came down in a fkiff from Paradife, to inform me that they had neither fait nor cafks left; and that fifli were in fuch plenty, that they had near five hundred for this morning's haul, but not fait enough for half of them. I fent him to the ftage immediately. A clear, warm day. Ther. 511 500 — ih 6g°—gh 620. At day-break a fkiff came here from the flage to inform me, that a veffel of mine was arrived from England. I immediately went down there, and found her to be the Reconciliation, John Kettle mailer; a new brigantine which had been taken from the Americans, and purchafed for me this fpring. She is about eighty tons burthen; is laden with provifions and florcs; fhe brought out fome new fervants from England and Ireland. By my letters I find, that the Countefs of Effingham is ordered to load with fait at Lifbon, to which place fhe carried a cargo of corn on freight for Leghorn, and to come from thence here. In going down, I killed an eider-duck, and met the Beaver going to Paradife with fait. In the afternoon I fent the Fox there alfo, with hoops and fome other things. The fore part of this day was clear, but the latter cloudy. Ther. 3h 540. We began to cover 111 the new flage, which is a hundred and fifty feet long, and thirty feet broad, and by night we had fi-nidied above half of it. I fent the Stag to fea, with three hands, to try for fifh, and fhe returned at night with three quintals, which were caught at the Siflers. Two 1 rands were at work in repairing the Squirrel. The Otter was laid on fhore. flazy in the forenoon, foggy and cold afterwards. X x 2 Two Thurfday 9. moderate. S. 5. E. frejh. Friday 10; 5. E. frejh. E.frefi. 1778. Saturday 11 WindS. E. moderate. fmart. Sunday 1 S, moderate. S. S. E. fre/L Monday 13. N, N. E. hard. N. Tuefday 14. S. W. little. N.fref. N. W. Two hands were at work on the Squirrel; and by the evening they finifhed all that they could do at her: the reft were employed on the ftage. The Stag brought in feven quintals of fifh this evening, which were killed with jiggers. We got the Otter afloat. I walked to the north-eafl: end of the ifland, where I difcovered a rubbingplace, and killed an eider-duck. A foggy, cold day. At eleven this morning I took captain Kettle and four of his hands With me in the Otter, and failed for Caribou Caftle; where we arrived at two in the afternoon. I found the falmon were flack; and that there were about nine tierces on fhore. I put the cod feine and fome few other things on board the Otter. A fair morning, but rainy afternoon. The Otter drove this morning, and did not bring up until flic was almoft on fhore. Hard gales, with heavy rain, and cold weather all day. Jack and one of the lailors went in the Roebuck for the traps. Having taken up the falmon-net, I fhipped off what baggage and houfehold furniture I thought neceffary, and failed for Great Ifland, at two in the afternoon, with all my family and live flock, except the pigs, and arrived there at midnight. One of the new boats got down from Paradife juft before us., and the other arrived about half an hour after. The people informed me, that the falmon had been flack for a few clays pall, and that there were upwards of three hundred and fe-venty tierces on fhore. On my arrival at the ftage, I was informed, that fome caplin and large lance had been hauled to-day, but no codfifh caught; the latter having been driven into deep water by yefterday's gale of wind. A cloudy Wind W. A cloudy day, and much lightening from the fouthward at r~77^8~—» night. Julx* We unloaded all the boats, and landed fome goods out of Wednef. 15. the brig. Smith was at work on the Squirrel. The Stag brought in three quintals of fifh. In the afternoon Jack came down with mofl of the traps, and brought a hind, which he vanabu' killed to-day on the hills near Berry Ifland; he faw much frefh J*sfa dot on Earl Ifland. Some fqualls of hail, and a little thunder, with cloudy, cold weather. Ther. ih P. M, 66°—9h 45 °. We landed fome more goods out of the brig, and got up the Thurfday 16. inner fet of beams of the ftage. Smith finifhed the Squirrel, N-w-fr I lent the Otter to Caribou and Paradife. We had feventy terns out of the nets. Mr. Daubeny and I went round Blackguard Bay in a ikifT, with two hands, in quell of baits, but found none: we faw a flock of curlews, being the firft this year. The boats brought in twenty quintals of iilh and reported, that they faw plenty of caplin in deep water; but as the feafon is fo far advanced, I fear they were miftaken, and that we fliall have none this year. We fpread a deal of fifh to-day. A clear, hot day. Thurfdiy 6. The boats brought in twenty quintals of fifh and reported, &. s. e. tnat tj1Cy r;aw great numbers of birds ftriking at baits, near the Cape. frfJ*' A hazy, hot day, and at night it rained very hard. r_-a._, 1778. Augull. Wednef. 5. Wind S. W. little. S: E. Friday 7. N.E. Jlrong. fftjk. The feine was hauled to day by the flage, and took fome fmall lance. The fhoremen made a bridge up the hill between the llage and the flakes. The boats brought in but one quintal of fifh to-day; owing, I hope, to the bad weather: but I fear the want of baits has made them quit thefe ledges ; as they have never been in great plenty, nor are they well fed this year. One flock of curlews appeared. Foo; and fmall rain all dav. Saturday 8. I fent the Caplin with five hands to the fouthward j in queft Hghtmru Gf Dajts< After dinner I went to Slink Point, and tried it for variable. , hares, but found none. The boats brought in thirteen quintals of fifh. A fair day, but it rained in the evening. Sunday 9. The Caplin returned at ten o'clock at night, with twenty Si moderate. DUCkets of good lance, which they hauled in Sandhill Cove. s. w. At midnight the Otter returned from Paradife. Rained all dav. 17Z8. N.E. We hauled the feine twice to-day by the ftage, and took four buckets of good lance; I then lent the Caolin to Sandhill Au*J. o ' ■ Monday 10. Cove. Three boats returned with twenty-three quintals of windN.E. fifh; the other two ftaid out. A few fmall flocks of curlews were feen to-day. Dull, heavy weather. After breakfaft I took two boys with me in the Roebuck, ^w^l^ and went round Ifthmus Bay to look for fome clay, but could not find any. We faw fome geefe which had got into feather again ; alfo killed a black, and an eider-duck. In the evening the Beaver, Wolvering and Marten brought in thirty-feven quintals of filh; the other two boats remained on the ledge. At night a fkiff from Paradife, with three coopers from thence, and the two from White-bear River, came here and reported that, yefterday, between a hundred and fifty, and two hundred Indians went up White-bear River in a great number of canoes; which had fo terrified the coopers there, that they immediately fled to Paradife; from whence they came this morn- E,u E. ing. I much doubt the truth of this report. Cloudy in the morning, but afterwards the day proved a charming one for fifh: and we fpread above two hundred quintals, which wanted much to be expo fed to the fun. At five this morning I fent the Paradife coopers off for that, Wcincf. t2. place j and they were to land captain Kettle and his boy at Ca- moderate. ribou in their way. At the fame time I fent Mr. Collingham, with the other two, to White-bear River, and fet off myfelf for that place alfo, in the Roebuck, with four hands. At ten at night we got up to the falmon-poft, where we found all fafe, and no appearance of any Indians having been near the houfe. I fhot an cider-duck. A clear, warm day. Z z 2 At ,—A—, 1778. Auguft. Thurfday 13. Wind N W. little. E. frejh. little. Friday 14. N. by E. frejh. hard. Saturday 15. W. tr.oderuU. E. S. S. E. Jrejh. At one this morning Mr. Collingham arrived, and at eight I went down the river to examine fome fandy beaches; but finding no fign of Indians, I returned to the houfe, and then fet out for the flage again. The coopers flill per filling in their flory, I brought one of them down the river with me, and examined Dove, and Separation Point; but finding no other foot-marks there, than thofe of wolves and black-bears, I fent him back by land, and proceeded on my way, until I came to the deeper! cove under Mealy Mountains; there, the wind coming a head and blowing afrefh, I went in, hauled up the fkiff, pitched my tent and remained all night. I faw fome frefh flot of deer, and the tracks of wolves and bears on the lhore, and found fome good rinds in the woods. A cloudy day, and it rained all night. At fix this morning we launched the fkiff and rowed along fhore about three miles, then fet the forefail and ran acrofs the bay to the fouthward of Earl Ifland, and got to Caribou at three in the afternoon. It rained till fun-rife, then was foggy till noon, and it rained hard again for the remainder of the twenty-four hours. At eight this morning I went off for the flage, and took captain Kettle and his boy along with me. I walked round to Laar Cove, and killed four young black-ducks by the way. The fhiff met me there, and took in the traps which had been left at that place. From thence we went to the eaflern part of Huntingdon Iiland, where I landed and walked part of the way up the high, barren hills, and met with a good deer-paih; but feeing no very frefh flot I returned to the boat, and croiled to Venifon Head. I landed there, took a couple of boys with me, and walked acrofs to Blackguard Bay, as the fkiff was too deep to venture round that headland with all of us on board; there there being a good deal of fwell. I faw abundance of frefh Hot <—^—> on the head, took the boat again on the eaft fide, and got fafe Auguft. to the flage at dark ; where I found all well, but very little fifh caught during my abfence. The Caplin was gone to Sandhill Cove again. A fine day. I broke the neck of an eider-duck with my ride, at a hundred Sunday 16. yards diflance. „ ™*f . n N.W. fmart. It was clear during the middle of the day, but the re It of it n. was fhowery, N-N- moderate. Part of the fhoremen were employed in making a beach near Monday t7 the ftage, and the reft were at work on a new houfe for them- wt ante. [ felves. After breakfaft, I took Jack, with another boy and went to Round Ifland. I killed a hare and a groufe; and Jack, a hare. We tailed a trap for otters at the eaft end of Great Ifland. At noon the Caplin returned after delivering to each of the boats, s. e. five buckets of good lance j they did not come in at night, £- having caught no fifh. The Caplin went back to Sandhill N/w% Cove immediately. /"A Foggy morning, clear day, and cloudy with fhowcrs in the evening. The fhoremen were employed as yefterday : one fide of their Tu*% tS; new houfe was blown down lafl night, but we fet it up again and fecured it. The boats did not come in this evening. Curlews are fo fcarce this year, that very few have been feen, and not one killed yet. Rainy and cold in the morning, but fair all the reft of the moderate. day. .After i—^—' After brcakfall I took Jack and David in the Roebuck, looked Auguft. at me traP, and then he went into South Eaft Cove; there we Wednef. ty. landed and walked up the valley, at the head of which we di-mnd vided ; Jack going towards the head of Curlew Harbour, and I A. hard. to the right. Jack met with a Haggard and a young deer, and killed the former; I killed a brocket. After breaking up my deer, and difpofing of the venifon out of the reach of wolves or foxes, Jack came to me; I then fent him back with the other boy to break up his deer, and returned to the boat myfelf, which I reached at nine at night; when, having nothing to eat nor any thing to make a fire with, I lay down to deep. We each of us killed a curlew and fawT a good many more, but they were very fhy. A cloudy and very cold day. Thurfday 20. A little after one this morning, the boys came back ; at two, it began to rain, thunder and lighten very dreadfully, which continued till pall eight. We went home at four, and then I fent eight men in two fkiffs along with the boys, to fetch home the venifon; who returned with it at nine. Jack faw another deer and three foxes, but had not his gun. At fix this morning, the Stag came in with the fifh of all the boats, amounting to nine quintals only ; the boatfmalter informed me, that he faw a velTel working in here yeflerday, and gave her chafe until the wind and fea obliged him to deiid; foon after which, he faw her Hand out to fea again. At noon, Mr. Daubeny failed in the Stag in qued of the above vefTel; which we fuppofe mull be the w. finally. Conntefs of Effingham. At the fame time, I faw a boat Handing to the northward, at a great didance from the fhore. This boat proved to be the Beaver; fhe came in at fun-fet, when the Ar- F- boatfmaller informed me, that he had been in chafe of the vefTel, nude rate. but could not (peak with her. I had a flagilafT fet up. Very S. IJreJIu S. s. w. Very hot from eight in the morning till five in the evening, but cooler afterwards. At eight this morning the veflel was difcovcred about four or five miles to windward of Blackguard Bay: fhe could have come into the harbour very eafily; but hauling her wind, fhe weatheted the Gannets, and Rood out to fea again; which makes me not know what to think, although |by my glafs I could plainly defcry her to be a fhip and am certain fhe is mine. I immediately ran to the top of the highefl hill, and fet fire to fome bufhes there, but fhe took no notice of it. I then returned and fent captain Kettle, with four hands in the Otter, out after her. In the evening I faw him bear away round Black Iflands; it then blowing very hard with a high fea. I weighed the venifon ; the quarters of Jack's deer were one hundred and forty-five pounds; thofe of mine, one hundred and nineteen pounds. Exceedindv cold and dark weather. I went feveral times upon the hill to-day, to look out for the fhip and boats; but could fee none of them until pafl three in the afternoon: then I difcovcred the fhip coming in from fea, and the Wolvering from Black Iflands; whereupon I fent a fkiff out to meet the fhallop, and order her to fpeak with the fhip. At dnfk the latter came fafe "to an anchor in the harbour, and proved to be the Counters of Effingham, David Kinloch matter, laden with fiilt from Lifbon; which place die left on the fourth of July. She brought the firft intelligence of hodi-lities being commenced by Great Britain againd France, by the taking of a forty gun fhip and two frigates. Kinloch made Cape St. Francis on the fourteenth inflant; and had met with very bad weather ever fince. Fhe Beaver, Wolvering, and Squirrel came in this evening, and brought twelve quintals of Wind N. W. moderate. N. E. E. r---^—» fifh; they informed me, that they faw the Marten beating up Augnf'h between Black Illands and the Cape land. A cloudy morning; but as the day advanced, the fky cleared. Sunday 23. Early this morning I fent the Wolvering on a cruife to the fouthward, after the miffing boats. The Ihip moored in her birth. I gave all hands two pounds of venifon each for dinner. Jack took a walk to the other end of this ifland, where he faw a filver-fox, and fhot fix curlews. After dinner I went with all k my family to Slink Point, where we picked a bowl full of baked apples ; I alfo fhot two groufe, and Jack five. In the evening, the Martin came in j fhe had ridden the gale out, under North Head. At ten at night the Otter returned j fhe had torn her a', e. fails very much in the gale on Friday lad, and had taken fhelter between the two Black Iflands ; where captain Kettle informs me, there is a good harbour for fhips. The wolvering met with her there, gave her fome provifions, and then worked into Gready Harbour. A cloudy day. Monday 24. The falt-fioufe was cleared, in order to unload the brig. I if, e. frejh. t0°k a walk to me far end °f tu]S ifland, where I faw feveral moderate. curlews, and killed one. It was dull till three o'clock, but clear after, and very cold all day. Tuefday 25. At day-light this morning, Mr. Collingham came from White-bear River in a fkiff, with the two coopers, having packed all the falmon; which produced, fixty-two tierces. A bulk of fifh was wafhed out; and all thofe which were dry, were put into pile. After breakfafl I went in the Roebuck, with two boys, to n. hard. Round Ifland; where I killed a brace of hares, a brace of groufe, and S, little. and a curlew. In the afternoon, all the boats came in, and brought twelve quintals of fifh; many of them were very large. The baitfkiff brought no baits ; in the evening they hauled in White Cove, but got nothing. Mr. Daubeny came laft from Indian Ifland ; which place he has marked for a feding-poft for me: he there found abundance of curlews and killed forty-two; he likewife met with great plenty of good fifh about that Iiland. Cloudy till noon, clear afterwards. This morning the Stag and Squirrel were laid on Oiore ; the Wednef. 26 red of the ftiallops, together with the baitfkiff, were victualled Wind for a fortnight, and fent to the fouthward in queft of fifh. At three in the afternoon, a Ihip was difcovcred to the eaftward of the Sillers, handing in for this place; I fent Mr. Daubeny off to her, in a fkiff with four hands, and foon after perceived, that fhe had my baitfkiff in tow. A cloudy day. w. s. iv. little. frcJJi, S. S. IV. At one o'clock this morning, I was alarmed by a loud rapping Thurfday 27, at my door, which when I had opened, a body of armed men J^Z'te ruihed in; they informed ine that they belonged to the Minerva privateer, of Boflon in New-England, commanded by John Grimes; mounting twenty nine-pounders, and manned with a hundred and fixty men ; and," that I was their prifoner. They then demanded all my keys, took polTeffion of both my veffels; alfo the Otter, then full of goods which (he was going to land from the brig, and of all my ftores, which were on fhore. About nine, the Minerva worked into Blackguard Bay, and came to an anchor there. I then went on board her, and was received with civility by captain Grimes; who told me that, fome duys ago, he had entered Temple Bay and taken three veffels from Noble and Pmfon, which he had filled with fifh, and ftores from the fhore and fent off for Bolton. He faid Vol. II. 3 A that that many of the fifhermen had entered with him j among whom, were two men who had lately lived with me, and who had informed him where I lived. From thence he went to Charles Harbour, where he had taken one veflel from Mr. Slade, another from Mr. Seydes, and had plundered my poffef-fions there and at Ranger Lodge ; at the former place another man who lived with me lafl; year, and one of my falmoniers at the latter, had entered with him. I requefled the releafement of Mr. Daubeny, who was kept prifoner on board, but he would not grant it. He fent an ofheer and a party of men in my baitfkiff to Caribou Caftic, to plunder there alfo. The fkiff was piloted by that villain Dominick Kinnien, who went out baitmafler of her for the firft time but yefterday; and who, together with his whole crew of fix men, had entered with the privateer's people the inflant they got on board. In the courfe of the day, they fhipped what was in the Otter on board the Countefs of Effingham, and in the evening fent her off for Bofton. In going out of the harbour, they ran her on fhore olf the low point on the eaft fide, but foon got her off again, and went to fea through the north-eaft paflage. In the night I flipped a fkiff out of the harbour with four hands, to inform the boats, and order them to go into North Harbour, in Table Bay. A fine, clear day. The Minerva came into the harbour this morning, where fhe moored, and filled her empty water-calks. The Otter and Stag were fent to Caribou, to bring down what was there; and they fhipped off fome of my dry fifh, and moft of the goods which were here. By this time, many of my people had entered on board the privateer, and fome of them had informed the captain of the four men going away in the fkiff laft night; which enraged him and his people fo much, that I found it prudent, prudent, to fend Indian Jack by land, with orders for the boats to come in here. A cloudy day. In the courfe of this day, the remaining part of the dry fiih, and mofl of the goods which were here, wTere (hipped off on board the Reconciliation. In the afternoon, the three fhallops which were out a fifhing, came into the harbour, the people were fet on fhore, and the fails were unbent: but the Indian "boy, was kept on board. In the afternoon, the furgeon of the privateer drove the two Indian women on board, and the child, Phillis, was foon fent after them. In the night, the Otter and the Stag returned from Caribou, with all my property from that place. At fupper, having heard that they intended to fend to Paradife and White-bear River for what was there, I dropped a hint, of expending a frigate here immediately ; and it had the deli red eifecd. Early this morning, I found the enemy in a great buflle. They took on board the privateer, all the goods which had been brought down from Caribou, except a chefl of baggage, which Grimes returned ; but many things were pillaged out of it. He then gave me a fmall quantity of provifions, returned my boats and moft of their fails, and by noon, the fhip together with my brig went to fea through Weflern Tickle, and fleered away north-eafl by eaft; pafling to the weftward of the Gannet Iflands. May the devil go with them! The Minerva's guns formerly belonged to one of his maje fly's frigates, which was eaft away near Boflon; I think the Syren. The firft lieutenant's name is Carlton; the third, Cufhin; the mailer's, Ogilvie ; lieutenant of the marines, Larey; and the 3 A 2 furgeon's, Saturday £Q. Wind little and. variable Sunday 30. S. moderate. £r—i furgeons, Elliot. Carlton and Elliot arc two of as great villains Auguii. as any unhanged; the other three behaved exceeding well, particularly Mr. Ogilvie, of whole civilities I lhall ever retain a moil grateful remembrance. I fhouid be particularly happy to have it in my power to reward properly the infamous behaviour of Carlton and Elliot; and the villainy of Thomas Adams, lately a mate in the fervice of Noble and Pinfon; alfo of Michael Bryan, Luke Ryan, Dennis Ryan, and Dominick Kinnien, lately my fervants, who were by far the mofl active in diltreffing me. They were the perfons who gave information where I lived^ piloted the fhip to this place, and difcovered to the enemy the places where great part of my property lay. Grimes is a lying rafcal; for, he voluntardy made me many promifes, and afterwards broke them all. Many of my people entered, and went away in the privateer ; and moil of the remainder would have done fb likewife, under die apprehenfion of being left here dellitute of the means either of fubfi fling, or getting off the ifland : but I thought it my duty to my king and country, even in my then diflrefTed fituation, to prevent the defertion. Grimes turned two rafcals on fhore again, and I immediately gave them a mofl fevere beating with a flout flick. The refl of this day was fpent in landing the provifions which Grimes had returned, and in picking up the few things which were left fcattered up and down; and I had the pleafure to find, that they had forgot a puncheon of olive oil, and my three live Twine. As foon as they were gone, I took up my gun, walked out upon the ifland and fhot a curlew. A very fine day. A lift A lift of my people who entered on board the privateer voluntarily, and alfo of thofe who were impreffed; diftinguifiing the flalions in which they were employed, at the time they quitted wiy fervice : Entered at Charles Harbour, John Downing, falmonier. Entered at Great Ifland, "John Kettle, mailer of the Re- David Kennedy, youngfler; conciliation. William Johnfton, mate of the Retouch at ion. Thomas Can ill, boatfmafler. Dominick Kmnien, bait mailer. Nicholas Power, midlhipman; Richard Whelan, ditto; Darby Sullivan, ditto. Jof. Flemming, forefhectman j Murtough Kelly, ditto; John Sheehy, ditto. John Dalton, fplitter. Michael Downey, header; Michael Rielly, ditto. Patrick Carrol, cooper. Patriot Bryan, youngflcr; Cornelius Keef, ditto; Thomas Denn, ditto; Thomas Dawfon, ditto; Patrick Sheehy, ditto ; William Ray lie, ditto; James Cleary, ditto ; Edward Fling, ditto. John Scannel, apprentice, James Hoben, fador ; James Simon, ditto; JohnConake, ditto; Thomas (aboy) ditto; Angel Bcnnet, ditto; Martin Cornelius, do. ) Dutch-I. P. Edzard, ditto. ) men. Jack, a boy about 17 years old; Cattook, a woman about 26*; Tweegock, a woman about 18; Phillis, a girl 31, daughter to . Tweegock. The lafl four are Efquimaux, and my houfehold fervants; who were carried awray, to be made flaves of. Total 36. The *On being informed by the officers of the privateer, that Kettle had enteied with them, as a prize-mafter, I expollulated with him; and endeavoured to perfuade him, to The crew of the Minerva was compofed of a variety of nations; but the major part of them, were Englifh and Irifh ; and the officers told me, that they had not above ten native Americans amongll them. Grimes is the fon of a fuperannuated boatfwain at Portfmouth; * Ogilvie, a Scotchman, and formerly a mate of an Eaft Indiaman ; t Larey, an Irifhman ; § Elliot, was born in the Tower of London ; J Carlton and || Cufhen, were the only native Americans I faw ; the latter, is defcended from an opulent family of that name at Bofton, who were principal owners of the fhip, and he was much of a gentlemen in his behaviour: the other, was formerly a Marble-head filher-man, and as great a villain as any this day unhung. Juft before they failed, as I was begging a few nails of Mr. Grimes, Carlton, who was walking the quarterdeck, flopped fhort and faid to me, " G-d d—n you, fir, if I commanded this Ihip, I would *' not leave you a rag to your a—e by G-d ; I would carry off '* all I could; and what I could not, I would burn; then, if Sf you to continue firm on the fide of his king and country; upon which he pretended, that he was only taking the advantage ot going as paflenger to Bofton, in order to get to England from thence. The next year, he went to England and complained, that on his arrival at Bofton, he was confined a prifoner, until he was exchanged; and he compelled me to pay him, all the wages which were due to him at the time he entered on board the privateer. I was afterwards informed, that all the reft of the traitors (who entered from me and the other merchants on the coaft, in expectation of fharing the plunder) were ferved in the fame manner. Grimes artfully held out a fhare of the booty, to inveigle the fifhermen to enter with him, in order that he might replace thofe men whom he had fent away in the different prizes; otherwife he would not have had men enow left, to navigate his own fhip : but on his arrival at Bofton, he threw them all into prifon. to cheat them of their fhare of the prize-money. The villains were ferved right, and Grimes aded in character. * The failing matter. + Lieutenant of marines. & Surgeon. | Firft lieutenant. i ; JJ Third lieutenant. 1778. ** you, and thofe who remain with you, could not eat thofe * rocks (pointing to the fhore j you might ftarve and be Auguft. * d-d." We warned out the remainder of the fifh that was left in Monday gt, the ilage. Two of the men who went away in the fkiff ap- M j^i^ peared upon Slink Point this forenoon. I fent a boat for them, and after dinner, had them landed on the fouth-eafl fide of the harbour, with orders to return to North Harbour, where the Jfc other two were, to haul the fkiff up there, and then all to come home ; and they accordingly returned in the evening. I then mu fie red my people, and found, that the remaining number, including the man at Ranger Lodge, and the crew at Paradife, amounted in the whole to thirty-feven. And, upon the belt calculation we were able to make, we judged, that I cannot be lets than fourteen thoufand pounds worfe for this vifitj which I have great reafon to fear, will prove my ruin. Had not this happened, we had calculated upon fifteen hundred pounds profit on the years work. As the goods which the Americans took from me, were fuch as they were greatly diflreffed for at Bofton, they valued their capture at feventy thoufand pounds. I fhot a brace of curlews to-day, and the fkiff's-crew brought a porcupine. A cloudy day. Septcml er. I made preparations for fending two fhallops to Newfound- Tuefday u land ; we laid one of them on fhore to clean her bottom, and 5" w-frt^' got her off again in the evening. Mr. Collingham went to Caribou, to fee what was left there. I fhot one curlew. It rained all day. » I .wrote I wrote feveral letters. Mr. Collingham returned at noon September, and faid, that nothing was left at Caribou befides my bed, a few Wednef. 2. bad peafe, fome kegs of four oatmeal and the old feal-nets : they moderaH,' even to°k tne dial-plate, off the poll in the garden. f« A dull day. Th..r% 3. At two this afternoon, Mr. Daubeny failed in the Stag with N,/mart. four nands for Charles Flarbour; from whence he is to go on to Newfoundland, to purchafe fome provifions and a few other neceflaries. At the fame time captain Kinloch failed in the Wolvering for St. John's, in Newfoundland, with the failors; where he is to fell the boat and endeavour to procure a veflel,. to carry the falmon and the remainder of the codfifh to market. It rained till noon, and was cloudy afterwards. Friday 4, Mr. Collingham failed in the Otter with four hands to Caribou, White-bear River and Paradife. A fkiff went to the ifthmus, to fetch away what things were left in the fkiff in North Harbour, and to remove her to a better place; fhe returned at eleven at night. I took a walk to the north-eafl end of the ifland, where I tailed a trap for the fox, which had been feen fome time ago, and killed a curlew. Some fhowers of rain. Saturday 5. We had a heavy gale of wind with continual rain all this day, Ni which prevented any work from being done. N. E. Jrong, Sunday 6. variable and The green fifh being in a ftate of taking damage, we fpread it all 5 alfo, the half-cured fifh which the Americans had thrown moderate, out of pile ; the latter we piled again, and made up the former into faggots. After break fall, I took Smith with me and crofled the harbour in a fkiff to the fouth-eafl fhore, where wc picked up up an oar, fome planks, and other things which had driven away f~7^~» in the late confufion, and Smith killed a brace of groufe, a September brace of curlews, and a grey plover. Cloudy day. My new houfe which was building, was pulkd down; and Mo|wty7« the materials carried into the ftage, to be ready to be fent up the S' 'fuJh' harbour, where I intend to build a houfe for myfelf to live in this winter; becaufe I am fure we fhall be fo fhort of provifions, that if we have not good fuccefs with our traps and guns, we muft all inevitably perifh for want of food, before a veffel can poffibly arrive next fummer; and there is no chance of killing much about Caribou. Cloudy, with fog, and fome rain. We fpread the green filh, and heaved a fmall pile. After ruefday 84 breakfaft I carried another trap to the farther end of the ifland, and tailed it by a pond there for the fox ; but when I came to that one, which I put out on Friday laft, I found him in it. He proved a very fine filver-fox, and is the only one we know of upon this ifland. I then tailed that trap for a goofe, and Qiot two ravens. After dinner I took Martin with me, who is now pretty well recovered from his wound, and went in the Roebuck to look at the place, where I intend building my wintcr-houfe; we faw fome geefe, and found two good fox-paths. Foggy in the morning, but clear afterwards. We fpread the green fifh, put it into pile this evening, and Wc£jnef- 9-heaved one pile. After breakfaft, I took three traps up to the 'jr\{h.% higheft part of this ifland and tailed them for hares. At noon, we faw a fhallop coming in here from the fouth war 1. Fearing a privateer's crew might be in her, I armed all \\.\ people with guns, flicks or flones, and placed them in ambufr behind ore Voi, II. 3 B of s. s. ft. t—A~> of the window-leaves of the ftage : but it proved to be William 1778 _ m September. Phippard, who is going with four, hands to winter in Ivucktoke Bay. He informed me that the privateer had plundered the merchants, in Temple Bay and Charles Harbour, very feverely; by his account, more fo than they did me. A very fine day. thurfday 10. Early this morning, Phippard failed for Ivucktoke. I had Wmd the bulkheads of the Marten knocked down, and loaded her with timber, for mv winter-houfe. After breakfaft, I took two hands in the Roebuck and went to Long Ifland, where I killed three leverets, three gulls, and a lord. In the mean time the two men were fifhing, but caught nothing. I looked at the traps on this ifland and had a goofe in one of them. A cloudy, warm day. Friday n. 1 lent tne Marten up the harbour, where fhe unloaded and s.s.e. returned at night. A foggy, rainy day. ■mtdtrate. n. After breakfaft, I took two hands with me in the Roebuck, ^n\/rX' and went round Blackguard, and Ifthmus Bay ; by the fides of which I tailed fix traps for foxes, and fhot two black-ducks, a gozzard, and a fpruce-game. I fent moft of the bricks up the harbour. Clear in the morning, and cloudy afterwards. Sunday 13. Smart gales, with a great fea, and fome rain. Monday 14. Three piles of fifla were heaved. I went round the bay with n.n. w. a couple of hands in the Roebuck; looked at three of the traps jf"~/S' which I put out on Saturday; put out eight more for foxes, and one for deer. I had a good filver-fox in one trap, and an otter in in another. I fhot ah eider-duck, a lady, and a fpruce-game. i—^—> A very fine day. September. Two piles of fifli were heaved. I went round Blackguard Tuefday 15. Bay and this ifland, to vifit my traps. I put out two more for wind foxes, and three others were flruck up. I had a good filver-fox. w&Zit. There was a fharp frofl this morning, but the day proved very fine. Some fifh was heaved this morning, but the weather foon Wcdr*r-l&. obliged us to make it up again. I went round my traps in N' the harbour, and had a rabbit and a fpruce-game in them. I Nt E* put out four large ones for deer, and two fmall ones for foxes; alfo, killed a porcupine. Clear till noon, foggy and moid after. A pile of fifh was heaved, and the Marten was loaded with Tlll,rfdavl7. beams, planks, and boards. After breakfaft, I went round moderate. Blackguard Bay, and obferved, that many foxes had been along fhore, but had avoided the traps. I put out four more, and killed three black-ducks. Clear and mild all day. The Marten failed up the harbour, where fhe was unloaded . Fr^13 and then returned. I went to the head of South-eaft Arm, where 1 erry and I landed, and walked to the hills beyond the head of Curlew Harbour; we met with a brace of hinds and their calves; but being too anxious to kill a brace, I got none : for refufing to take a good fhot when I might have had one, I was afterwards content to take a bad one and milled. In returning to the boat, I met with them again twice, and fired each time, but I was too far off, and it was too dark to expeel to do any execution. Clear and hot all day, cloudy evening. 3B2 The 5. E. moderate. N. N. W. moderate. frejh. The people began to build my new houfe to-day, hut the weather foon obliged them to defifl. In the evening I fent Terry to the traps on this illand, and he brought all home except the one on the rubbingplace. Fog, with rain all day, but the rain ceafed in the evening. Hard gales, with fog and rain all day. A crew of men worked on my winter-houfe all day, and returned at night. I went round my traps in the harbour; had a hlver-fox in one, and the ravens had picked clean the bones of a goofe in another; two others were flruck up by foxes, and a third was carried a little way and broken by a deer. I changed two iingle-fpringed traps for two double ones, and put out two more. Making a hut in the fand-bank in White Cove, I confined a tame duck in it, with a couple of traps placed before the entrance. Martin Kidney is now fo much recovered, that he this day laid afide his crutches, and walks very well by the help of a flick only: it does not feem probable to me that he will be very lame. A dull morning, clear in the middle of the day, and a hazy evening. Mr. Collingham returned at two this morning, accompanied by the headman and another hand. He brought fome flaves and beams from Paradife, and informed me, that he had carried all the falmon from White-bear River to Paradife. He obferved that there would be above four hundred and ninety tierces at that place ; alfo, that he had packed the fifh at Caribou ; three tierces only of which prove good, the refl being very rancid on account of the cafks having leaked: likewife he informed me that fome bears had made free with a few others. The Otter proceeded to my new houfe, where fhe unloaded the beams beams and then returned. I vifited my traps in Blackguard Bay, and had two filver-foxes and one crofs-fox. A very hot day. i778. September, Wind calm. S. S. £. moderate* Early this morning I fent Smith and four hands in the Lance Wednef. 23 to Caribou, to bring the doors, windows, kitchen range, and fome other things from that houfe. I fitted out Jofeph Tero for a furring voyage to White-bear River, at which place he is to re fide by himfelf during the winter. I fent him off in the Otter, under the command of Mr. Collingham; from whence fhe is to go to Paradife, return to White-bear River, and then come back here. After breakfaft I went in the Roebuck with my crew (the lame man and a boy) to the head of Curlew Harbour, near which place I tailed one large trap for deer, and three fmall ones for otters. I then fat watching near a path until Terry walked towards Cape North, where he faw nothing but much frefh flot of deer. 1 fhot an eider-duck. A clear and hot day. After breakfaft I went round my traps in the harbour, and had an otter and a rabbit; a deer had flruck up a large one, and I brought another of them home. At eight this evening the Lance returned with the things. A clear and hot day. I fent my crew to vifit the traps in Blackguard Bay, and they brought a capital filver-fox ; but, having carried the trap into the water, he was damaged by the fea-hce. They went afterwards to the fouth-eafl fide of this harbour, and watched for geefe; but the tide did not ferve for them to come in fhore before dark. They found the foot of a porcupine in that trap which the lafl goofe was caught in. Clear Thurfday 24, calm. S.frejk. Friday i*], S. E. Utile. Clear in the morning, foggy afterwards; and at ten at night fome fmall rain fell. After breakfaft I went up Curlew Harbour, fhifted the two firft ottertraps (one of which was flruck up) tailed two for foxes and another large one in the middle path for deer. I then fent Terry to the eaftern hills. Immediately after I faw a large flag upon the fouth hill, winding and looking at me; he then trotted off to the northward, and I let him pafs; crofting his route and finking the wind, I made all polfiblc fpecd to the foot of Gravel Hills, where I headed him. He walked Ilowly pall me within fifteen yards, and mufl certainly have been killed j had not my gun milled fire : he immediately fet off in a full run, when I fired haftily after him, but without fuccefs. Such misfortunes will happen fometimes, and had I not met with " worfc, I fhould have had no caufe of complaint in this inftance; but now, in my prefent fcarcity of food, I mufl look upon it as no inconfiderable lofs; for he was a noble, fat beaft. I alfo faw many groufe, and killed four. Thick, wet fog all day, with fome fhowers of fmall rain. Moderate breezes, with thick, wet fog all day. I put the boar up to feed. Smart gales, with fog and rain all day, I have hitherto fent the people to work upon my new houfe every morning, and they returned at night; but: finding that method to be very inconvenient, I this day victualled them up to Saturday night, and ordered them to remain there until that time. I went round the harbour, and in the traps had one goofe and the bones of another; a deer had got out of the large ft, largeft, they being much too weak ; one of the fmall ones was carried away, and two others were ilruck up. Terry fhot a groufe. Cloudy all day. At eleven o'clock I went up South-call. Cove, and walked Wednef. 30. from thence to the eaflern traps; the bridge of the fartheft evs!e. large one had been turned by a fox; but a fmall flump which frrJh' I did not perceive before, caught one of the jaws and prevented it from flriking up; by the fide of the trap I found five large mice, which the fox had dropped out of his mouth. In the mean time, Martin walked to the top of Mount Martin, where he met with feveral groufe, and killed four; from thence he difcovercd a large flag, which he fuppofed had winded me, and was coming up the path, which leads from the fouth-eafl end to the top of the hill, where he waylaycd and killed him. * I have mentioned this hill before, yet it was not until to-day, and from the above circumftance that I named it. A dull day, with rain both morning and evening. At eight this morning, I went with four hands in the Roebuck, xhurfflay u to fetch home the venifon. We broke him up where he lay, e. fyk and brought all down at one turn, together with two brace of groufe which Martin fhot. He proved a noble creature, had twenty-nine points on his head, meafured twelve hands and three inches in height, produced ten pounds of fuct, and weighed as follows: viz. his quarters two hundred and feventy pounds, head twenty-pounds, and humbles twenty pounds. He is juft fuch a bead as I fhot at on Saturday lad, perhaps he is the fame : yet neither fo old nor fo large as the one which I kilted on the twenty-feventh of October in the year feventy, but in much better condition; having an inch of fat on his ribs, and an inch and a half on his haunches. Wet fog, aud fmall rain all day. Martina 1778. September. Martin and Terry went round the traps in Blackguard, and Iflmus Bay ; they had a crofs-fox, and fhot two ladies. I fhot two lords by the old flage, but got only one of them. A foggy day. This morning the cooper and falter came from the new houfe and heaved one of the piles of fifh. At nine o'clock, I went to the otter trap in this harbour, and from thence to South-eafl Arm, where I landed. I then fent Martin to the top of Mount Martin to watch the middle path, and Terry was ordered to the traps by Curlew Harbour. I went myfelf to the Gravel Hills, where I remained on the watch until three o'clock ; when, jufl as I arofe to return, I difcovcred an old flag, on the fouth fide of the great pond, which feemed to be diflurbed ; and, I believe had winded Terry (who was returning about that time from the • fartheft deer trap, and came that way) for he toffed up his head and trotted off to the eaftward. 1 made what hafle I could, to waylay him upon the hill which he made for : but when I got there, he was above half a mile beyond me, nearly downwind. He prefently flopped, fnuffed, looked much alarmed, and returned full gallop, having winded Terry's feeting, by the large trap, as I fuppofe. I then laid flat down on the ground ; he came within feventy yards of me, and then flopped to look about him. As he flood abreaft of me, I waited until he turned to move off, and then firing, I fhot him in at his right flank, the ball coming out before his 1 ft (houlder ; upon which he in-flantly turned about and friade full at me but when he got about half way, down he dropn< 1. He appeared to be an old bead of the dwarf kind ' / points on his head, and was in excellent order; but his neck, was rather fwelled, and his bread fmelt ftrong. 1 paunched him and turned him on his belly, then harigmg my handkerchief upon a flick clofe by him, both for a fignal to find him, and alfo to keep off the wolves and foxes. I returned to the boat, where I found the other two hands; Terry with a yellow-fox, and Martin, with feven groufe. I faw two curlews to-day (which is very late in the year for thofe birds) and killed a lady. A clear, fine, mild day. At day-light I fent a fkifT with fix hands for the deer; they returned with him at two o'clock, and informed me that another deer had been in the fartheft trap, but had got out. Not one of my large traps are worth fixpence; the fprings, of one are too weak, and all the refl: have no flrength in any part. The quarters of this deer weighed two hundred and fourteen pounds; he cut two inches and a half in fat on his haunches, one inch and a half on his ribs, and had above a done of fuet in him; yet he was not fo tall as the lafl by five inches. This afternoon, four Nefcaupick, or Mountaineer Indians came here in two' canoes, and were the fame whom I had feen at Caribou two years ago. They had no furs with them, and went back at fun-fet; promifing, that they would return in a day or two, and bring all the refl of their tribe, whom they had left at Caribou. A very fine, mild day. I fent the Martin with a load of timber to the wintcr-houfe. Alter breakfaft, I went round mod of my traps in Blackguard Bay, put out another for foxes, and fhot a hare. Three Indians appearing upon Berry Hill, I went and brought them over to my houfe. Thefe were the chief, whole name is Pere Barecack; his wife, Cowcofifh; and their daughter, Catherine Ooquioo ; a girl about fixteen years of age : they did me the honour to flay all night; got drunk, and were very troublefome. I pur-chafed one ranger, and five beaver fkins of them, being all they brought. A fine day. Vol, II. 3 C It 1778. Oftobcr. Sunday 4. Wind S. W. little S. e. frejh. Monday g, S.frrjh. 1778-Oaober- Tuefday 6* Wind S> N. Wednef. 7. N. W. N. N. M & A7, f. £ A'. £, Thurfday S. A7. £. fmart. N. E. Jrong. Friday 9. N. E. hard. N. N. E. frrfh. Saturday to. s. s. iv. modcYate. 5. E. It blew and rained fo hard all this day, as to prevent my fending the Indians away ; but, as I gave them very little wine, they were more agreeable companions than yefterday. Hard gales with fome fleet, fmall rain, and cold, foggy weather ; a heavy fea broke on the fhore every where, and the tide made high. A fet of beams of the old ftage were warned down; the Squirrel was thrown athwart the item of the Caplin, as they lay on the fandy beach, and both of them were half buried in fand. After breakfaft I fent Martin and Terry to vifit the traps in the harbour, and they faw all, except the three eafternmoft ones. An old flag had been in the large trap, and had broken it all to pieces ; two of the foxtraps were ftruck up and carried out of their places. A foggy, moift day. I had the fhoremens' new houfe pulled dowTn; in order to appropriate the timber to affift in building mine. Moilt fog, with fome fmall rain till three o'clock, fair and cloudy afterwards.. I fent the Indians in the Roebuck to-Venifon Head; from whence they were to walk to their canoe, which they had left in Hare Harbour; and then to return to their comrades, whom Pere promifed to bring back with him, without any intention, I believe, of performing his promife. At eleven, I went up South-eaft Cove, and from thence Terry and I walked to the traps ; one of thofe by the ponds was carried away by an otter, and a deer had gotten out of the ncareft large one. At night, the houfe builders returned in the Marten. Cloudy till noon, foggy and wet afterwards. Hard Hard gales, with a cold frofly air and a little fleet. Winter begins now to appear; the Mealy Mountains have put on their new liveries, and every downfal whitens the heads of the high hills. The deer are beating out to to the barren headlands on the fea coaft; the eider, and king-ducks are haftening to the fouth ward ; and groufe are chattering in great flocks upon the hills: I am afraid it will overtake me, before I am ready for it. Mr. Daubeny not being yet returned, with a fupply of provifions and clothing, makes me very uncafy. Under thefe diftrelfes and inquietudes, would any man believe, that my people have been ready to mutiny, becaufe I would give them no faltcd pork along with their two pounds of fat venifon each day for dinner? yet it is a fa6l: nor could I quiet them until I peremptorily declared, that I could not poflibly fuffer any falted meat to be expended, whilft any frefh remained in the houfe; and that, if they were not content, I would give them, what I verily believed they much deferved, a hearty drubbing. I kept all hands at home to-day about the fifh ; we repacked two piles into one. I took a walk to the high hill and killed a brace of groufe there. At nine at night Mr. Collingham returned from Paradife with fome hoop-poles, planks, falmon-nets, and all the people from thence. He could not get back to White-bear River to fetch the boy, whom he had left to help Tero to build his houfe, as the wind was contrary. At Longftretch he found all the Indians, who intended going to Paradife. They had eight canoes, and were about forty in number; from them he purchaft«d forty-eight beaver, eleven otter, and three black-bear fkins. It froze hard laft night, and this was a clear, frofly day. ^1778. October. Sunday 1i, Wind Monday 11 N. N. W. fmart. N. W. fmart* modtratt. 3 C 2 Wc 1778. October. Tuefday 13. Wind w. s. w. moderate, s. w. Wednef. 1 4. W. S. W. m <>derate. Thurlday 15. S. W. moderate. N. by E. Friday 16. i. tittle. We heaved one pile of fifh, and landed the nets; and having filled the Otter up with timber and boards for the new houfe, I fent her there with eight hands; who were to remain and work upon it. Terry and another hand found the loft trap with an otter in it. The beaver was brought to the ftage head, and mod of her bailaft nut out. Clear in the morning, and cloudy afterwards. I fet the people to work at day-light, to difcharge the reft of the Beaver's bailaft, after which they loaded her with fait. After breakfaft I landed on Slink Point, from whence I walked to my new houfe, then vifited the two traps on the neck, and the fix in Blackguard Bay; one of them had a fpruce-game in it, and another was ft ruck up by a fox. Cloudy, mild weather. At day-light I fent Martin Kidney, with five hands in the Beaver, to Paradife and White-bear River; having furnifhed him with fome goods to trade with the Indians. After breakfaft, taking Terry and a cooper with me, I went round my traps in the harbour, and had a good filver-fox, two yellow ones, an otter, a porcupine, and a goofe. I tailed a flip for a deer in the fouth corner, brought home two of the large traps, and the fprings of the broken one from the ifthmus, and all the fox-traps which were on the fouth-eafl fhore ; except one, which had been carried away by fome animal. I faw a yellow-fox and fhot fix groufe. A cloudy morning; foggy with fome rain afterwards. At eleven this morning I fent Terry and another hand to look at the traps in Curlew Harbour, and they returned at feven in the evening with a yellow-fox; they faid, that the other foxtrap was was gone, the firft deertrap Ilruck up,and the fecond was broken to pieces by deer; that they had tailed the two which we brought oaober. home yefterday, in the place where the latter was. At three in the afternoon, it blowing very hard, the Marten parted one of Win*Jj E' her rodes; and, her other anchor coming home, fhe failed clofe in more, by the rocks between the ftage and the falt-houfe. We could give her no afliftance until the ikilf returned, when I fent Mr. Collingham out with another anchor and rode, which he s. s. e. dropped to the fouthward, then got on board and warped her off, juft as Ihe was ready to ftrike. As the tide had fallen, die would not only have been ftaved, but, had the wind veered the leaft to the fouthward, which it foon after did, Ihe would have beat the ftage down. Foggy with fome rain. Saturday 17. IV. frefh. N. W. heavy. At noon, being accompanied by Mr. Collingham and two hands, we went off and frefh moored the Marten, weighed her eaflern anchor and dropped it to the northward. It blew fo hard this evening, that the houfe-builders could not return. w, Fair till ten, and fnow all the remainder of the day. Flard gales with froft and fnow all day. In the evening the Sunday ts. people returned from the new houfe. N- All hands were employed in digging out and launching the Mo*% 59. Squirrel. N$*< Moderate froft. I fent the people back to the new houfe this morning. Tuefday 20. frofty day. j** After breakfaft, Mr. Collingham and two hands affiflcd me Wedr.cf.ai,. in taking the Marten and Squirrel fhallops over to the fouth- wi«rat* eaft 1778. Oaober. —j eaft fide of this harbour, in order to lay them on fhore for the winter. After we had moored them there, we went round the traps. I killed an eider-duck, found one of the loft traps with the bones of a goofe in it, took up the otter trap (all the ponds being now frozen) and met with a brace of good llags on the ifthmus; at one of which I fhot as it was running, but miffed him. A mild dav. Thurfday 22, Wind E. Jlrong. Friday 23 N. E. Jlrong. N. K. hard. I fent Mr. Collingham with three hands, to take the fhallopc to the place where they are to be laid on iTiore, but the wind being too leant, they were prevented from accomplifhing their purpofe. He brought a large quantity of mofs in the fkiff, and got back with difficulty. Rained all day. Early this morning I took Mr. Collingham and two hands with me, to lay the lhallops on fhore; we weighed one anchor of each, but were obliged to cut away the others. We got the Marten on the ground, and anchored the Squirrel abreaft. of the fame place; by which time it blew fo exceedingly hard, that we could not return home. We had no provifions, nor were there any good woods near the place, to afford fhelter from the weather: however, as we could do no better, I ordered the fkiff to be hauled well up, and the people to make a good fire in the beft place they could find. I then went to a point of land hard by, and fat there till the evening; by which time I had killed twelve fat eider-ducks, but got only fix of them. Each of us had a duck for his dinner: we made a very good fhift without either bread or fait, and paffed the night much better than we expected; for, although it rained hard all day, the fky cleared at night, and it froze moderately. This This morning, after eating the other two ducks, we laid the Squirrel on fhore and fhifted the Marten a little way. We then went to my new houfe, which I found was finifhed, except part of the chimney, fome infide work, and chin ling ; but the people gathered a fufficient quantity of mofs to-day for that purpofe. I had a rabbit in one of the traps. In the evening all hands returned to the ifland and brought the Otter back. A clear, fine day. Strong gales with fome fnow ; fharp froft at night. Early this morning I fent eleven hands to the fhallops, who Monday 26. thwarted them up for the winter. At eight at night, the Beaver A'- *odcr*u. returned from the bay, having the boy onboard; and brought a large beaver from Tero, who thinks he (hall make but a bad winter's voyage; being too backward in his work. She alfo brought all the provifions and goods from Caribou; but Martin did not meet with any Indians, as they were gone up the river, after dellroying two or three tierces of falmon. Cloudy day. Smith repaired a fkiff; one crew of hands ballcdlcd the Otter; Tuefday 27. and another took the Beaver to my new houfe and unloaded " Jinan. her. A froity day,.with fome fmall fhowers of fnow and hail. We heaved a pile of fifh and made it up again. I fettled the Wednef. aft. people's accounts, fhipped what hands I wanted for the winter, A' Jr,Jh' and finifhed all my letters. Cloudy, frofty weather. At three o'clock this morning I fent off all my difcharged Thurfdavaj. fervants in the Otter; there were thirteen of them. We re- n.umu packed. 1778. Oaober. Saturday 24, Wind N. frejlu moderate. little. Sunday 215. n. n.E'. packed the largeft pile of fifh, upon the place where it is to Hand all winter. After breakfaft I went up South-eaft Cove in the Roebuck by myfelf; and from thence, walked to the traps about the head of Curlew Harbour. I had a yellow-fox in one and Ilruck all the reft up. I then took a long walk over all thofe hills which extend from Cape North to North Head ; 1 faw a brace of yellow-foxes, and fent a ball within an inch of one of them, at the diftance of a hundred and ten yards. I found no frefli fign of deer. In the evening a fkiff with four hands came for me, and brought my fkiff back. A clear, mild day. Friday 30. We re-packed the fecond pile of fifh upon the large one, and w. jmart. \^r\ a]l the cullings carried into the ftage; we hauled up, and jv, w. wafhed out the fkiffs, collected the traps, Sec. Squally, mild weather, with fome rain. S. w. N. Saturday 31. Having re-packed the remainder of the fifli upon the large-pile, we made it up for the winter; we fuppofe there is more than three hundred quintals. The feal-fkins were carried into the ftage. After breakfaft I landed on Slink Point, and from thence walked round my traps in Blackguard Bay ; 1 had a gull in one, flruck up the two firft, and frefli tailed the refl. I faw the flot of four or five deer, which had gone towards my new houfe. From the laft trap, I turned up the ridge of hills which are above it, and from thence, taking a fmall circuit, came into the fouth-weft cove of this harbour: I faw two ponds likely for beavers; alfo, fhot two brace of groufe and an eider-duck. Mild all day ; fqually with fnow in the evening. N.fqually; November Sun ;..iv i. At nine this morning I fent four hands to chince the lower n/n in. part of the flore-room, and to put the goods which were landed out out of the Beaver, into it; and at eleven, being accompanied by Mr. Collingham and another hand, we followed them. From thence I walked to my traps and flips in the harbour, and had a crofs fox in one, and a yellow one in another; and a third was carried away, the deertrap was only half flruck up (the froft being intenfe) one of the Hips was down, and an old, fat, dry hind was in the other. This is one of the deer which I Hotted yefterday; for I could here and there perceive the Hot to-day. At night we all returned to the iiland, and brought the Beaver back. Cloudy, with firarp froft. Having loaded the Beaver with provifions and goods, in the evening I fent her to the new houfe. Two men went in the Roebuck for the deer, and tailed a trap by the paunch. A clear, froily day. This morning Mr. Collingham and I with two hands went to the new houfe; we papered part of the roof, unloaded the Beaver, and returned with her in the evening. Clear, mild weather. 1—^—1 i778. November, Wind N. W. fmart. W. moderate. Monday 2, A', moderate. Tucfajy 3, S. $. E. little. About one o'clock this morning, Mr. Daubeny, and the four Wednef. 4. hands whom he took with him, returned in a fhallop belonging Mr. Seydes and Co. He had borrowed this veflel to bring the provifions, &c. which he had purchafed in Newfoundland ; having had the misfortune to be call away at the mouth of Inglis Harbour, and to loofe the Stag in his return to this place ; but he faved all the provifions and the rigging of the boat. He met the Otter in Batteau Harbour, and would have perfuaded the people to turn back, in order that thefe men might go away alfo, as I did not want them ; but he could not prevail on them to do fb, as the winter was fo far advanced. This is an addi-Vol. II. 3 d tionald ——i tional diilrcfs to mc ; for I now have but nine barrels of pork November, for fourteen people, when I ought to have as much more ; as I don't expect any veffel before the middle of July; fo that we arc now in great danger of being flarved for want of lood, before we can get a frclh fupply. After breakfaft I fent Mr. Collingham and four hands to put fuch things into the houfe, as would take damage from wet. A dull morning, fnow at noon, and rain at night. Thurfday 5. At dav-light I fent the lhallop to the new houfe and unloaded s.s.V. her. We laid the Beaver on Ihore for the winter, papered the wwimtu cn(j Q£ fa houfe over the ftore-room, and Mr. Collingham a. ;r. went round the traps in the harbour; lie brought a yellow-fox, and another trap was loft. Cloudy. N. N. W. f After breakfaft I went with all hands to thwart and block Friday o. s. w. liuk. up the Beaver for the winter. While things were preparing, Mr. Daubeny payed the paper on the houfe with hot pitch and tar, and I vifited my traps in Blackguard Bay; one of which had a yellow-fox in it, and two others were flruck up. We fprung the Martens fore-maft, in attempting to prize up the Beaver, and could not do it after all. She is a very heavy boat, and her own mails arc too flight. With infinite difficulty and KE.Jlreng. toUj I got back to the ifland at dufk, with five hands in the Roebuck, but the rell in another fluff could not do it. It blew a hard gale of wind this afternoon, with fuch thick fnow, that we could not fee fifty yards: I believe we were above an hour and a half in rowing acrofs from Slink Point to Great Iiland, E'hardE' which is not above four hundred yards, and being wet with the fpray and fnow, I was very cold. A dull forenoon. \ At nine this morning I fent live hands to help the red to eet t--—> up the Beaver; and in the evening Daubeny and Collingham November, returned with four, and informed me, that lafl night they lofl Saturday 7. themfelves, and rowed for a long time after it was dark ; at lafl wind they made the land on the other fide of the harbour, but did N-E-not know where they were; that they hauled their fkiff up there, and walked round the fhore to the new houfe, where they all arrived fafe at midnight, except the boy, who tired by the way, and whom they were forced to leave behind, among fome bufhes ; that he got to the houfe this morning, fpeechlefs and almod dead, but was in a fair way of recovery. They did a little work to-day at the houfe, but none at the boat, as fome of the people were employed in bringing the fkiff back. Sleet, rain, and thick weather. I fent Meffrs. Daubeny and Collingham with four hands to Sunday 8. the new houfe, which they were to work upon until the tide N M . ferved to thwart up the Beaver; but they did not return at nwdtratet night. A very great fea broke upon the Pigeon rocks all day. Thick, mild weather, with fmall rain. I built a deathfall for wolves, near the cook-room. Great AT , ■Monday C), numbers of ducks flew pafl in their way to the fouthward. /. a. e. Rain in the morning, foggy afterwards. Jmg* Hard gales all day, with fleet till noon, and fmall rain afterwards. Tuefday 10. n. jr. At eight this morning Mr. Daubeny and five hands came here wednef. u, and informed me, that he had blocked the Beaver up. After & jj & breakfafl I returned with him and four men, and walked round my traps in the harbour, but got nothing. The ponds 3 D 2 are Jlrong. 1778. November. Thurfila)- 1! Wind ■ calm. 8. S. E. moderate. Friday 13 S. frejh. Saturday 14. IV. moderate. are almoft thawed a^ain. All hands returned to the ifland at a night. Dull, mild weather. I fent off James Gready with three hands, in Mr. Seydes-fhallop, for his fcaling-pofl near Curlew Harbour; but not being able to get there, he went to the head of South-eaft Cove, landed his wood there and walked acrofs. Daubeny, Collingham and I, with two hands went to the new houfe, from whence I walked round Blackguard Bay; 1 had a yellow-lbx in one trap, and another was carried away. I put out two flips and another trap. Leaving one man behind to keep a fire in the houfe all night, the refl of us returned to the ifland. Mild, open weather. Early this morning I went to the new houfe, with Mr. Collingham and one man in the Roebuck, and then walked to Blackguard Bay to look for the lafl loft trap, but could not find it. At noon Mr. Daubeny and the reft of the family followed in the Caplin with a load of furniture, and we now took poffef-fion of our new habitation; which is much too fmall, for want of more boards and nails. Cloudy and dull weather. At day-light I fent Mr. Collingham, with four hands in the Caplin, to the ifland, for fome flaves and houfchold furniture; and he returned with them in the evening. I vifited my traps in the harbour, but had only the remains of a crofs-fox, which I found in the trap that was loll on the fifth inflant. I returned through the woods and found a good deer-path, in which I tailed three flips. The kitchen chimney was finifhed to-day, the roof completed, and the fouth-weft end of it papered. Gentle froft, with hazy, fine weather. Hard 1778. November. Sunday 15. Wind S. S. E. Monday 16, S. S. W. moderate. Tuefday 17, S. little. Hard gales, with rain all day. The Caplin parted her fmall rode, and loll the anchor. At day-light I fent Mr. Collingham with four hands in the Caplin, for a load of baggage and Haves; with which he returned in the evening. I went round my traps in Blackguard Bay; in one, I had a capital filver-fox, approaching nearly to a black;* in another there was a good crofs-fox, and I Ihot another crofs-fox with my riflle, and tailed the three traps which I flruck up fome time ago. Mr. Daubeny papered part of the roof of the houfe, Cloudy, mild weather. Early this morning I fent Mr. Collingham to the iiland, with four hands in the Caplin, for another load of baggage and Raves, and he returned with them in the evening ; at which time he faw a white-bear in South-welt Cove. I went round my traps in the harbour, and had a crofs-fox, Ihot five groufe, fhifted one foxtrap and tailed it to bait, and fhifted one flip. A deer had Hepped within the large trap, but had not touched the bridge j two others had got out of two Hips, and the other three were blown down by the wind. Several deer had gone out to the pcninfula fince Saturday. There was a fharp, white frpft this morning, but the dav proved cloudy and mild. This morning Gready and his crew returned, and informed me Wed]]ef>, j that they had finifhed their tilt, and brought the fkiff back from w. s. w. North Harboui ; and, that as they came round North Point, they *In February 1780, this fox was fold by auftior. in London, for forty guineas; and bad he not been flightly rubbed on one hip by being two nights in the trap, he would have fetched fixty ; being cftecmcd the beft that had been imported of feven years, s. s. w. moderate* i--K:—i they faw a herd of about fifty deer, but there was too much 1778. , ... November, fea for diem to land. The coopers began their winter-houfe; which I direcded to be built at the head of South-weft Cove, about half a mile from mine. I tailed two flips at the fouth-eafl end of the deer-path which croffes this neck of land. rkurfflav 19. I fent Mr. Collingham and four hands to the iiland this morn-n\ frejhi ing, for the reft of the baggage and flaves; but there was fo much fea, that they were obliged to return empty. The reft of the people were at work about their houfe. 1 went round Blackguard Bay, and had a very fine crofs-fox. Sharp froft. At day-light this morning, all hands took Mr. Seydes' boat into Blackguard Bay, and there laid her on lhore, in order to be thwarted up for the winter. They then went to the ifland and brought the rinds for covering the people's winter-houfe, and alfo the remainder of the baggage and flaves. I went round moft of my traps and flips in the harbour; two of the former were flruck up by foxes, and the large one by a deer. From the hill where the latter was placed, 1 difcovcred eight deer at feed. After tailing three more flips which I then had on my back, and vifiting the two under Table Hill (in one of which I found a yearling male deer quite warm, and which I fuppofed to belong to thofe I had juft feen) I went after them; but before I could get to them they had moved off, about a mile farther into the country; but my greyhound winding them, led me up to their retreat; and, after doging them for near three hours, I at laft worked up and killed a young hind, which I broke up; then went back, broke up the other, and returned home. A clear frofly day. tricky 20. S. W>. little. At day-light I had the fhallop hauled clofer in fhore, and then fent a couple of hands to the hind; they returned at night with the two hind quarters and a yellow-fox, which they found in one of the traps. At low water I went with the refl of the people, thwarted the fhallop up fufficiently, and then blocked her up for the winter. A dull morning, and it fnowed hard afterwards. ,— 1778. November. Saturday 21 Wind W. little. N. E. fmart, Smart gales, with fqualls of fnow in the morning, and a frefli Sunda> /v. N. W. Monday 23, N. W. frfh. Tuefday 24. IV. moderate. breeze, with cloudy weather afterwards ; fharp frofl. I fent four hands to thedfland to remain there for fome days, to fit the feaiihg-craft which is for this place; and, Mr. Collingham to pick up, and flow away the few things which are left there; he returned at night. I went round my traps in Blackguard Bay, and there faw the tracks of three white-bears, which had come through the woods from Table Bay, had flruck up a fox-trap, and gone upon Venifon Head. A clear, fharp day. I vifited my traps and flips in the harbour; fhifted three of the former, took up one flip and had an old, dry, fat hind in another. I broke her up, and hung her on fome trees. Daubeny and Collingham went through the woods and tailed a trap to bait in Narrow Marfh; then went to the hind which I killed on Friday, and brought home the two fore-quarters: they faw the frefh track of a large white-bear, and the flot of a fingle deer. The head of this harbour, and all flill places are now covered with firm ice, and there is a little fnow on the ground. A clear, fharp day. Meffrs. Daubeny and Collingham with three hands and myfelf, Wednef. 25. brought home all the fmall deer, and three quarters of the old m littl<- hind. r-—K--1 hind. I tailed three traps for foxes with the paunch of the 1778. November, latter. At night the people returned from the illand. wind Hazy, fharp weather. Thurfday 26. We loaded the Caplin with fealing-craft, provifions, Sec. and iv. i;uu. at noorij Mr. Daubeny and four hands went olf for the tilt in Curlew Harbour, to remain for the fealing feafon. Two hands belonging to this crew went to Great Illand to trim their fkiffs. I went round my traps in Blackguard Bay ; one of which a fox had got out of, after hauling it fome diflance. From the weft fide of the bay, I difcovcred three deer upon the fouth point of Venifon Head and waited an hour for them, expecting they would come my way ; but going to the point, I found they had gone back round Berry Hill and turned into the frtjk. country. I then went upon the hill, and foon difcovered a herd of twenty landing on the weft fide of the head from the ice in Hare Harbour. , I gave them the meeting near the foot of die hill, and there miffed fire at a fat, old, dry hind; when they galloped off upon the flot of the others. The whole of Venifon Head was covered with the Hot of deer quite frefh, and I alfo faw the tracks of fome whited^ears, one of which was a very little. large beaft. The north-weft fide of Slink Point, and the fouth, and fbuth-eaft fhores of this harbour, are jammed with lolly. Hazy weather, but not fo fharp as yefterday. I fent a man for the remains of the laft deer, but he returned Friday 27. w. lutie. at night without finding the place. Mr. Collingham went to the M fouth: weft mar flies and tailed two flips. I went to Venifon pong. Head but met with nothing.' In the evening the two hands returned from the ifland. mcderate. Dull in the morning, fnow at noon, and clear at night, with moderate froft. At day-light the fealers went to the ifland and found feveral r"^^~^' of their nets damaged by mice; they mended two and put s^ovdembe2rg them out. Mr. Collingham went to the fouth-weft marfhes and Wind put out another flip; from thence he turned to the fouth-eafl, ^■^•f'r' and brought home the head and fkin of the deer which I fhot; he killed a brace of fpruce-game and a groufe. Taking a man with me to bring home the remains of the lafl deer, I vifited moft of my traps in the harbour; had a filver-fox in one, and one of thofe by the deer-path was carried off, but I could not tell by what, nor which way the bead had gone. In the evening I killed three groufe upon Slink Point. A clear, fharp day. At day-light the fealcrs hauled their nets and had a bedlamer, SlinJay 2<;. they then brought four nets to this place and mended them, and in the evening carried them to the point. Mofl part of this harbour is now fall, and Blackguard Bay was full of lolly moderate. this morning, but it cleared away in the evening. A dull day, fharp frofl in the morning, and mild afterwards, with a little fnow at night. The lolly being jammed into the tickles, and upon the north- Monday 3o. weft fide of Slink Point, there was no getting, either to the N-lv^rons-ifland or to the nets. I vifited my traps in Blackguard Bay, fhifted many and baited all (the path work being now over) I afterwards took a turn upon Venifon Head, and faw many groufe there. Severe frofl, with drift till noon. Blackguard Bay being clear of lolly this morning, I had a Tuefflry T. fkiff launched acrofs the low neck of land, and fent the feal- 9.mk. s w ers to the ifland for the refl of the nets, but the lolly returned Wt' and kept them prifoners there. All hope of feals is now over, N- w. Vol. II. 3 E I vifited * 1778. December. Wednef. 2. Wind S. S. IV. moderate. Thurfday 3. N. N. W. Jr Intenfe froft this morning, and fevere afterwards, with a clear fky all day. Mr. Daubeny went to his traps which are on the fouth-eafl W«fo*f. 0. fide of the harbour, and did not return at night. I gave up Wt ^mart' to Mr. Collingham, the two traps which I had on Slink Point, and he carried them to Venifon Head, where he fhot a hare, and faw the frefh trackings of a wolf, but none of foxes. I Nt carried out three traps and tailed them upon the barrens on the fouth-eafl fide of the harbour, then vifited the refl. Foxes had been about fome of them; I faw a filver and a crofs, alfo a a. Jrmg. vail deal of trackings, and brought home my two fouthern-mofl traps. Mild, dull weather, till three o'clock, then it began to fnow and drift hard. At three this afternoon, Mr. Daubeny and the two men who Thurfday 1* were at the fealing-poft, returned to this place ; being driven from thence, by the inclemency of the weather. They had nothing to burn ; both the wood pile and the tilt being buried in drift. moder*u' Snow, drift, and fevere froft. Daubeny and Collingham vifited their traps, and both of FliJl 8 them had their faces flightly burnt with the froft. I car- N./re/t. ried out the two traps which I brought home on Wednefday, and tailed them on the north fide of Mount Martin then croffed that hill, vifited thofe which I put out lafl, and killed three groufe. Very few figns of foxes to-day. Gready Vol. II. 3 F and "779 arid Martin (who now walks as well as ever) went to the fcaling-january. p0ft to look at the traps, and to try the Capedand for deer. The fky was clear all day, but the frofl was fo intolerably fevere, that I thought I mud have been frozen folid, notwithstanding I walked as fad as pofliblc; and I never found the fnow in better order for that purpofe; having no occafion to ufe my rackets. Saturday 9. Mr. Daubeny vifited fome of his traps, but got nothing. I N^frfjii. vvent to mine at the head of the harbour, brought one home, and killed a groufe. Few foxes itirring. Weather the fame as yefterday. Sundayo. At nQOn T tQok a walk along Slink p0inti and from thence moderate, crofled the harbour, and went over Mount Martin, and the high s> barrens. The weather was much the fame as yeflerday, although not quite fo fevere. 5. E. Monday u. ^r Daubeny and I went a mooting upon Slink Point, where he killed twelve, and I eight groufe. lie afterwards vifited his traps on Great Ifland, but got nothing. Snow and drift in the morning, dull and mild afterwards. Tuefday 12. Strong gales, with clear, fharp weather, and much drift all day. Wednef. 13. Mr. Collingham vifited his traps, but nothing had been near them; he fhot a brace of groufe. I carried out the trap which I brought home on Saturday, took up one of thofe which were in my eaft walk, and tailed them towards the farther end of it. Many foxes had traverfed the barrens lafl night, and four & E. moderate. lour of my traps were robbed; but they were too much drifted over, to ftrike up. The third and lafl; pig was killed; it weighed two hundred and fixteen pounds. A clear morning, and hazy afternoon. Daubeny and Collingham went a fhooting upon Slink Point Thurfday i4. and killed thirteen groufe. I vifited my traps at the head of £ them flruck up. Dull, fevere weather all day, but rather milder, with fnow and drift at night. •ntdtrale. Wednef. 20. (dm. Thurfday 2 l, 8. S. £. I refled very indifferently lafl night, and was much indifpo-fed all this day; occafioned by drinking too much new fpruce-beer yelterday, and the fatigue of the two laft days ; having walked full fourteen miles each, without rackets ; which caufed me to fink into the fnow three or four inches in general; frequently down to my knees, and fometimes to my middle. Notwithttanding all this, and the walking as fall as poflible, fome fpruce-beer, which I carried in an elaflic bottle in my upper waiflcoat-pocket clofe to my ribs, froze fo, as to loofe all fluidity. Exceffive Exceflive hard gales, with much fnow and drift all day. The froft greatly abated. At two this afternoon I difcovered a flag and a hind going Fn™T!*' up the harbour towards the ifthmus, and endeavoured to way- w. fmart. lay them, but could not do it. Sharp froft, with dark, foggy, drifting weather. This morning, Mr. Collingham killed three brace of groufe Saturday 23, on Slink Point. At noon I carried another trap into my fouth Jwlg, ' walk, and frefh tailed the reft. It drifted fmartly and froze fo feverely, that it was as much as I could do, to keep my blood in circulation. Mr. Daubeny went to the head of South-eaft Cove, to look for one of his traps which a fox had carried off laft week, but could not find it; he killed ten groufe. Collingham went to North Harbour, but got nothing. I took a walk to Great Illand, and on my return, killed four groufe on Slink Point. Clear, fevere weather with much drift. Daubeny and Collingham went to the iflands; fome foxes had been at the traps there, but they were all drifted up. I viiited all mine; eight of which were robbed, and all drifted up. I faw a filver-fox. Severe froft all day. Moderate breezes in the morning with thick fnow; but it foon began to blow a heavy gale, which caufed much drift alfo. In the evening it ceafed to fnow, but as the wind and drift continued, it fpoilt all our labour of yefterday. Sunday 2,\. N. W. fmart. Monday 25. S. moderate. frefu moderate. Tuefday 26. N. E. moderate. N. N. Wi . Hard .a. 1779- 'Hard gales in the morning with much drift; afterwards the *779* 11 January. wind was fomewhat wore moderate ; fharp froft. Wednef! vj% Wind N. IV. Thurfdav?.8. Mr. Daubeny went to the iflands, where he had a crofs-fox, and fhot a hare and a groufe. Mr. Collingham went to North Harbour, and had a fine filver, and an excellent crofs-fox; thefe are the two firft animals that he has caught, but he has loft five traps. I vifited all my traps (being a walk of fourteen miles) eight of them were robbed, and I fhot feven groufe; one of which was carried off by a large fpecklcd owl, while I was reloading my gun within fifteen yards of it. Gready had the leg of a crofs-fox, and there was a great run every where. This was an exceedingly fine day, although it froze moft bitterly ; but at night, it fnowed and drifted again. culm. S. Utile. S. E. W.frtjh. Friday 29. Mr. Daubeny went to Long Ifland, and alfo to look for his n. w. fmart. loft trap; he tracked the fox for a long way, but could not find him. Mr. Collingham went a fhooting to Venifon Flead, and faw a good many groufe there, but killed none. Severe, drifting weather all day, Daubeny and Collingham wrcnt to North Harbour, but no KKwt nars haa* been there. I went round my eaft walk (a circuit of ten miles) fix of the traps were robbed, but the foxes had not gone on them : I fhifted two, and brought two others home. A fox came laft night about the houfe, and 1 tailed a trap for him this evening. A clear, fevere day, s.md.y 31. Gready came here to-day, and brought a good crofs-fox. w. uttu. Moderate froft all day: dull in the morning, fome fnow and drift afterwards. jv. w. Mr. __-a--- •779- Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps on the iflands, and from thence croffed the ice to Venifon Head, but faw nothing. Mr. Col- **™*y lingham went to North Harbour and killed a brace of fpruce-game. 1 walked round my fouthern traps, took up two and tailed them by the other two; after which I beat Slink Point, and killed four groufe. The coopers went to Great Ifland for fome old heading. A clear, fevere day, with fome drift about noon. Monday 1. Wind N. W. moderate. moderate. Tuefday 2. Mr. Daubeny looked for his loft trap, but could not find it, Mr. Collingham killed three groufe on Slink Point. I vifited S. moderate. my eaftern traps, but nothing had been at them. I carried out the two which I brought home on Saturday, and tailed them freJJ'-by the firft and third ftations, and fliifted the two farthcrmoft 5. s. e. ones, tailing them together j fo that all my traps are now in pairs. Dark weather, with a little fnow, and very mild. Daubeny and Collingham went up the brook in Blackguard Wednef. 3. Bay to hunt porcupines, but found the fnow fo very light in K-frfJh-the woods, that they foon returned without finding any. I fet out for the iflands a fhooting, but, not liking the weather, I foon returned. Martin came here this afternoon, and brought a hare which he fhot on Green Ifland. Dark, lharp weather, with fome low drift. W. moderate. I vifited my fouthern traps, and found both ftations robbed. Thurfday 4. From thence I intended going to the top of Table Hill, but on coming to the foot of it, I croffed the track of a wolvering with one of Mr. Collingham's traps on his foot. Leaving my fled and dog there, I followed, and came up to him on the weft fide of the hill; and on my return, tailed the trap in a marfh by the fhoal ponds; obferving that the foxes had followed 1779. February, Wind little. followed his bleeding track As this bead went through the thick of the woods, under the north fide of the hill, where the fnow was fo deep and light, that it was with the greateft difli culty I could follow him even in Indian rackets, I was quite puzzled to know how he had contrived to prevent the trap from catching hold of the branches of the trees, or finking in the fnow ; but, on coming up with him, I difcovered how he had managed: for, alter making an attempt to fly at me, he took the trap in his mouth and ran upon three legs. I now do not wonder at the ftories which I have heard of their carrying a trap fo far. Thefe creatures are furpriiingly ftrong in proportion to their iize: this weighed only twenty-fix pounds, and the trap eight, yet, including all the turns he had taken, he had carried it fix miles. Collingham had another trap (truck up, a third robbed, and fhot a fpruce-game. Great numbers of foxes had been in North Harbour and on the ifthmus. The two men came here from the ifland to-day, for a couple of falmon-nets to mend. Clear till three o'clock, dull afterwards ; fevere froft, Friday 5. Clear in the morning, but it foon overcaft, and fnowed all the w. moderate. remamder of the day. It froze feverely till ten this morning, 5 N. E. but then grew milder. Saturday 6. Much wind, fnow, and drift all day, with lefs froft than we have had for fome time paft. At night the fky cleared, but the wind, and confequently the drift, continued. Sunday 7. N. W. hard, frejh. moderate. We finifhed the laft of our cabbages to-day. The method of preferving them in this country is, to cut them as foon as the froft fets in, pick off all the decayed leaves, dry them in the air, and then flow them in a cafk. It It drifted hard in the morning, but the wind abated as the day advanced, and by night it was almoft calm. Sharp froft. I was exceedingly afflicded with the tooth-ache, occafioned by a gumboil: which gave me fo much pain, that I could not eat my dinner. Severe froft, a clear fky, and much drift all day. I had fo bad a night, that I did not fleep till daydight this morning ; the pain then began to abate, and at noon I had very hide left. It has been fuch very bad weather ever fince Thurfday laft, that nobody has been able to look at a trap ; therefore if any furs are in them, they will be loftor the animals eaten out by others. From the abundance of frefh flot, which has generally been feen hereabouts, by vifitors to thefe parts during the three preceding winters, I was induced to believe, that the peninfula of Cape North was never without deer. But I am now convinced, that they refort thither in the greatcft numbers from the time the rut firft begins to affcft them (which is early in October) until the ice is firm to the caftward of it, which is generally by the middle of January. At this time they go off to the outer-moil iflands, in order to be more out of the way of the wolves ; and thofe iflands lie fo far from hence, that we cannot go to them and back again in a day, nor,do they afford flicker to pafs the night in, being deftitute of wood. The deer which frequent: that ground in the depth of the winter, remain chiefly about North Point and the farthermoft hills ; and thofe parts being full eleven miles from hence, are too far to be vifited during thefe fliort days. Befides, fhould it come on to blow ftrong from the northern, or weflern quarters when wc are there, it would be utterly impoflible, either to get back or fave our Vol If 3 G lives. "7^7"^ lives. And indeed the chance of fafety would be equally in-February, fecure, were the wind to come from any other quarter, as at fuch times it is impofhble to fee our way, In about another month, I expect, they will begin to draw in a little more to the continent, but I do not think they are fo plentiful on this part of the coafl as they were in former winters; becaufe, I never knew wolves to be fo fcarce as of late. Not a fingle track of a white-bear has been feen for a long time pafl, which makes me think that thofe creatures keep out upon the outer edge of the ice during the winter; for, there they may meet with feals. When they come on fhore, I prefume it is chiefly on the outer iflands; yet I have fometimes known them go far into the country, in the winter; but how they can procure food there, is to me unknown; for I cannot believe they can catch any other land animal than the porcupine, and of them but few; they mufl alfo pay feverely for a fcanty meal, from the pain occafioncd by the quills which nature has provided for its defence. As to fifh, they certainly can catch but few, and thofe only fmall ones, in fuch parts of rivers and brooks, as the flrength or particular fets of their currents, or warm fprings may keep open. I Ihould have imagined, that they would refort greatly to thofe parts of the tickles going into Sandwich Bay, which are open all winter, becaufe great numbers of winter feals (harps, and their young, called bedlamers) conflantly remain there; yet we never faw the track of one in the depth of winter. Thefe animals are prodigious travellers, and mufl certainly be able to go a long time without food. When they can get nothing elfe, they will feed on the long flalks of the fea weed from which kelp is made ; fo will feals likewife, for I have feen both of them do it. Great numbers of them, I believe, are deflroyed every fpring, by being carried upon the ice too fir from land to be able to regain it, although. although they will fwim to a very great diflance. I have heard of their being met with, on loofe pans of ice, fifty leagues from the land, by fhips which have been coining upon the coafl. They bring forth their young about March, and drop them upon the ice, where they lie for fome days before they are able to follow their dams, which leave them there while they go in quell of prey; and when they are iirft able to travel, frequently carry them on their backs. They mofl commonly have but one at a time; fometimes, however, they have two, and I have heard of their having three. They breed but once in two years, and their cubs follow them all that time; but how long they fuckle them, or how long they go with young I do not know. When their cubs are very fmall, it is dangerous to meet them, as they have then been often known to attack a man without the leafl provocation; but at other times, they always make off: yet, fhould you fire at one at any time of the year, and fhoot it through a part which is not immediately mortal, you mufl ex-pe6l to be inflantly attacked with the greatefl fury. As they are amazingly flrong and excellent boxers, your danger will be imminent, unlefs you have a double-barrelled gun loaded with fhot to blind them, or a dog, which will keep continually fcizing them behind (this all dogs will do, after they have run at two or three) the bear will then fit down on his buttocks and fpin round like a top, endeavouring to get hold of the dog. This is the time, when you may approach and kill him dead at one fhot, if you are but cool; but if the dog is not well ufed to the fporr, he will attack him forward ; in which cafe he is fure to be either killed, lamed, or cowed immediately, and the bear will then attack you. A clear day with fevere frofl; much drift all morning, but it decreafed with the day. Mr. Mr. Daubeny brought home all his traps to-day ; he killed a groufe and found a dead tern : Mr. Collingham and I vifited ours, and tailed them afrefh; but our labour was loll: foralthough the morning was as fine as it could be, the fky overcaft at two o'clock, and it foon after began to blow, fnow, and drift as hard as ever. Severe frofl all day. Heavy gales, with fnow, drift, and fevere frofl. The badnefs of the weather drove Gready and Martin from the ifland, becaufe they could not keep their fire in. As they were coming along the ice, they obferved three tinkers fly pad them, and prefently, one of them fell as fuddenly as if it had been fhot. On picking it up, they found the eyes of it were frozen as hard as beads. Both myfelf and others have often found fome of thefe birds, terns, and bulls dead upon the ice, or land, at a great diftance from water; yet I could never tell how they came there ; the myllery is now unravelled. During the whole of the winter feafon, fmall holes, like ponds, are kept open on one fide or other of moft of the outer iflands (by the fet of the wind) to which thefe birds refort lor food. Upon the fhifting of the wind, the ice fills up thofe holes, and the birds are then forced to betake themfelves to flight to feek others: and, as it often comes on to fnow and drift exceflively hard at thofe times, with fevere froft, they are moft completely loft. Sometimes they fly into the country; at other times, along fhore: and in fhort any way, as chance direcds them, until their eyes are frozen in their heads; and, being quite overcome by the feverity of the weather, they drop dead ; as was the cafe with this bird, to-day, Mr. '779- Mr. Daubeny carried his traps to the South Barrens and tailed them there. Mr. Collingham vifited his own, and thofe February. Friday I a. Wind N. W, tittle. in my fouth walk; all of which were drifted up. He found a dead tinker, and alio faw the Hot of fome deer, upon the ice near this houfe, which had come from the iifhmus in the late drifting weather. I ordered Gready and Martin to remain at the cooper's houfe, to carry them the hoop-poles from hence, and cut firewood for the fummer; as the weather will not per- w. n, w. mit them to do any good on the ifland. I took a walk upon the hill above the houfe, but was not able to go farther, by reafon of a very painful boil, which has made its appearance under my left arm. Severe froft, yet an extremely fine day. There was but little wind, with dull weather this morning ; Saturday 13, but the reft of thefe twenty-four hours, was as bad as poflible. N- E- The weather as yefterday. Sunday 14. n. x e.( Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps but got nothing. Mr. Col- Monday 15. lingham killed fix grouie on Slink Point. I walked for an N-hour, upon the hill above the houfe, without feting any thing. At three this afternoon, the upper part of the kitchen chimney (which, for want of bricks, I was obliged to finifh with wattles n. w./mart. clayed over] took lire; which quickly found its Way to the boarded partition between it and the dining-room, and burnt with fuch fury, that the whole houfe, the provifions, and all that were in it mull foon have been confumed, had we not fortunately been all at home. The great pot chanced to be on the fire, in which was fpruce, boiling for beer: this liquor, together with fnow, wc applied fo fuccefsfully within doors, and alfo from without, through a hole made in the roof, that we ,-K—. we foon extinguifhcd the flames; and thereby faved our lives i779. ° J February, from the moft terrible of all deaths; the want of food. Severe weather, with low drift. Tuefday 16. The chimney was repaired with fome clay, which I had N.w.hard. referved, in cafe of need. It drifted very hard all day. Wednef. 17. Daubeny, Collingham, and I vilited our traps. Collingham w.frtjh. a yellow-fox, and we all crofled the flot of a brace of old flags, which came from the upper part of Table Bay, acrofs the South Barrens, and directed their courfe towards Cape North. I alfo faw the flot of five deer which had croffed the High moderate. Barrens towards the Cape, fome few days ago. A fine, bright day; fharp while the wind continued, but mild afterwards. The fun has now got fo much power, that, when the fky is clear and there is not much wind, the weather is fufficiently warm, between ten in the morning and three in the afternoon. tittle. Hard gales, with much fnow and drift all day. Thurfday 18. 5. E» N. E* Friday 19. Mr. Daubeny removed mofl of his traps to the other fide of w. moderate. Table Bay. Mr. Collingham carried the traps which Gready had, to Venifon Head, and fhot four groufe, I fat watching upon the hill above the houfe, and at noon difcovered three deer crofting, from Venifon Head for Weflern Tickle. I gave them the meeting at the end of Slink Point, but, unfortunately for me, they kept too far over to the other fide; which obliged me to take my fhot at a hundred and eighty-five yards, and the ball grounded a yard fliort; they then went up South-earl Cove towards the Cape : they were two old hinds and a calf. A bright A bright, fine day, and the fun was fo hot that it melted the fnow on the fouth fides of the hills, notwithftanding a (harp froll; which is the firft time it has done fo this year. Gready and Martin went upon the peninfula a deer fhooting; they faw a herd of about twenty on North Point, which went out upon the fmall duck-ifland, on which I killed the two white-bears in June 1778; and there they left them, as the day was too far fpent to go farther. Mr. Collingham vifited his traps in North Harbour, and faw a yellow-fox. I went upon Slink Point, and watched there fix hours without feeing any thing. Small fnow in the morning; dull and hazy afterwards, with mild weather all day. The fky was clear and the fun fhone hot all day, yet the weather was very indifferent during the fore part of it, by reafon of a fmart gale of wind, which caufed a good deal of drift, and made it pretty fharp ; but the wind abating at eleven o'clock, the reft of the day became mild and exceedingly pleafant. I had all the fnow fwept out of the flore-room, and the goods there frelh ftowed; alfo, the fnow and ice chopped off the roof of the houfe above the dining and bed-rooms. Mr. Collingham vifited his traps on Venifon Head; one of which was carried a little diflance by a wolf, in company witli two others, which had got out. He faw a good deal of deer-Hot, and fhot two brace of groufe. I went round my eaflern traps; and fhifted four of them. Returning over Mount Martin, I difcovcred from thence feven deer upon the ice; going from the fmall ifland, mentioned the twentieth inftant, to North Point. Though the diflance is full nine miles, yet I could difcern them with my naked eye, and wnth my pocket glafs plainly ddlinguiih the hinds from the-calves; and alfo, could fee their horns. It drifted till eleven, but was hazy and mild afterwards. Strong 1779. February, Saturday 20. Wind N. N. W. moderate. N. little. Sunday 21 Monday BS S. W.fnjli. moderate. little, »779-February. Tuefday 23. Wednef. 24. Wind N. maderate. fmart. Strong gales, with much fnow ; which drifted but little, for the weather was fo mild as almoft to thaw. Daubeny, Collingham, and I, tried Slink Point to-day, but found nothing. They then went to the ifland to get fome olive oil, but found the faltdioufe fo full of drift, they could not get in. One of the coopers began to fet up cafks. The morning was dull, there was fome fmall fnow about noon, and afterwards it fnowed and drifted hard. Thurfday 85, N. hard. Friday 26. N. W. Hard gales, with much fnow and drift all day. A frefli breeze and clear weather, with a little low drift till feven this morning; hard gales, with dark, drifting weather afterwards. Saturday 27. N. fmart. moderate. N. N. W. little. Daubeny and Collingham went to the traps in Table Bay ; two of which were flruck up, and they faw a deal of trackings of foxes. I walked along Slink Point, and from thence over Great Ifland, Round Ifland, and two other iflands. I killed a groufe, and faw a brace of hares. It was very fharp, with fome drift, till eleven; at which time it grew mild and pleafant; yet my eye-brows were never free from ice, and the pinover of my chin, was frozen an inch thick. Sunday 28. Very dull weather, with a little fnow till near noon, and moderate, cloudy afterwards ; the morning and evening were fharp, but the middle of the day was mild. March. Monday i* N. moderate: pong. Tuefday 2. N. AT. W. pong, frefh. We began to have three meals a day. Continual fnow with mild weather till noon ; but it fnowed and drifted hard afterwards After dinner I took a walk upon Slink Point; where I met with a brace of groufe, and killed them. A clear A clear day with lharp frofl; it drifted hard in the morning, but abated as the day wore away, and in the evening the wea- Mother was line. rntiv*** little. At fix o'clock this morning, Daubeny, Collingham, Gready, Wednef. 3. Martin, and I, fet out in quell of deer. By eight, wc reached s' E' bttte: the hill which is over the head of the valley leading into Cur- . lew Harbour, and is about three miles fhort of the extremity of North Point. From thence, I difcovcred three deer at feed frtjh. at the head of the valley, which is as bad a place as poffible for getting a fhot at them. I therefore made a difpofition for fur-rounding them, but they got fight of Mr. Collingham, went off, 11 • i r Jlrong. and took a turn quite round us ; when one of the dogs got loofe and chafed them towards Cape North. Seeing bad weather coming on, we turned back, and before we got quite home, found we had but juft faved our diflance: for it then *'rd. blew, fnowed, and drifted very hard. The morning was clear: but it foon after became dull and froze fharp all day. Hard gales, with much drift and fharp frofl all day ; thick Thurfday 4. weather, with fome fnow till three o'clock, clear afterwards, £• Daubeny went to Table Bay, but got nothing. Collingham had Frida • two crofs-foxes in North Harbour, and a third trap was carried N.fmart. away and lofl. He fhot a groufe. I went a fhooting, to Venifon Head and Slink Point, and killed two brace of groufe on each. Very fharp frofl, with a good deal of drift. little. A clear, fharp day with much drift. Saturday 6. a'. I went round my cad walk and had a crofs-fox: I fhifted Sunday 7. two traps, fhot a brace of hares, and broke a leg of a third. N.jireng. The weather was much the fame as yeflerday. Vol. II. 3 H At i-*—>> At eight this morning, taking Gready and Martin with me, I March. went out a deer fhooting. I put my gown, great-coat, and Wmd hatchet unon my Nefcaupick lied, which was drawn by the N. moderate, 1 J J two men, a bloodhound, and a Newfoundland dog. We got to North Point at noon, and there faw a flout white-wolf, and an immenfe quantity of deer-flot of all forts; which fhewed that they frequented that place very much: and we obferved likewife, that a large herd had been feeding there only jufl be-mue. fore. Having laid the trap down in order to tail it, the dogs winded the flot of the deer, and immediately fet off with the fled and the other things upon, it. By good luck, the gown and coat fell off, and we found them ; but what became of the fled and hatchet is yet unknown. I obferved the wolf to keep cruif-ing round, and watching us, but although I made feveral attempts, I could not get a fhot at him. In a fhort time after, I faw a fingle deer coming down wind towards me, and fhould have had a fhot at her, had fhe not chanced to get fight of me, as I was creeping to a proper place to wait for her. She then turned acrofs the deep cove and joined the herd which was feeding on the other fide of it, and they all moved up wind to the higher hills. I fent the two men after them, and they both fired ; Martin fhot his through, but it did not quit the herd: then all of them turned back, went out upon the ice, and direcded their courfe for Halfway Ifland; to which place it was impollible to follow them, by reafon of the diflance, and there being no wood upon it. I counted fixteen ; three or four of which were flout flags, and the refl were hinds and calves. We then returned home upon ice, by way of North Harbour, and got back at fix in the evening pretty well tired ; having walked above twenty-five miles. As the dogs did not return,! fuppofe they fluck the fled fall and then lay down by it, Daubeny and Collingham vifited their traps but got nothing. A very pleafant, fine, mild day. Early Early this morning I lent Martin and Gready to try for the <—^—» wounded deer, and to look for the dogs. They returned at March, fitn-fet; and faid, that at North Point, they faw the track of a g^9" wolf, in full chafe of a dag, which ran towards Ledge Ifland; N./rj/k, that they could not find the wounded deer, but had obferved the track of a wolf upon the flot of it; that they met with both the dogs not far from North Point, but could not find the fled; and that they had followed the flot of a herd of deer from North Point to the neck of land near the fealing-noil, from whence they faw them take the ice and make off for Cape North. Daubeny and Collingham went to North Harbour, and brought home a crofs-fox and a porcupine. I watched for an-hour on Slink Point; then went to Great Ifland, but faw nothing. Sharp frofl, with a clear fky till the evening, it then over-call. It has blown a heavy gale of wind from the north-eafl, ever Friday 12. fince Tueftlay night lafl, with thick fnow, much drift, and K E-fevere froft ; infomuch, that no objecd was vifible at more than ten or twelve yards diftance, during any part of thefe three laft days. Daubeny went with Collingham to his traps on Venifon Head, Sat^rday '3. and to fome which he had lliifted to Hare Harbour. I walked A,^w'-as far as Great Ifland, and Ihot a raven. A little fnow fell in the morning, and during the refl of the day there was fharp froft, fome low drift, and a dark, heavy fky. Daubeny and Collingham went to the iflands, where they Sunday 14. (hot a hare, and faw the flot of three large herds of deer, which were lately gone to the northward. They informed me, that 3 H 2 the t-K—i the roof of the fta • • m •:••!'• Inow Which had lodged upon it. NotwithRanding the late heavy gale of wind, the ice beyond the iflands is as firm and motionlcfs as ever; which is a convincing proof of its extending to a very great diflance out to fea. My opinion of that matter is, that there is not one drop of water at fea, on the north-eafl point of the compafs from hence. N. B. The variation here is 270 Weft. A dark, mild day. Monday 15. Daubeny went to Table Bay, and might have had a good N. moderate, fliot at a wolf, if his gun had been ready. Collingham went to North Harbour and killed three groufe. I went round my eaflern walk, and killed four groufe. Great plenty of foxes had been going every where, but the traps were all drifted up, and they kill fuch plenty of grafs mice, that they are not very eager for dead baits. This evening we drank the laft drop of rum. It froze fharply all day, yet the fky being pretty clear, the weather was quite warm; and I faw fome water on a rock, made by the melting of the fnow, for the firft time this year. s. s. E, N.E. Tuefday 16. N. moderate. Wednef. 17. N. Daubeny and Collingham went to the iflands, and I to Slink Point, but none of us faw any thing. A moift, thin fog all day, and a little fnow at night. I had referved a fmall quantity of brandy for the people to celebrate St. Patrick's day with, and now let them have it for that purpofe. Sharp froft, with hard gales, continual fnow and much drift. Daubenyi moderate. Daubeny and Collingham meafured fome di fiances to-day, —1 and found them in ftaiute miles, as follows: viz. From this Mmh. houfe to the extreme end of Slink Point, one mile; to the ,whd ftage, one mile and half a quarter; and to the north-eaft end x.jtro»g. of Great Illand, three miles. Collingham fhot a groufe. Much drift and fharp froft all day, with frequent fhowers of fnow. Friday 19. Daubeny, Collingham, and I, took a walk to the coopers hard. houfe and faw a yellow-fox. Gready and Martin began to cut firewood for the fummer's ufe. A clear fky, with hard froft, and much drift all day. Mr. Daubeny went to Table Bay, where he had a raven's Saturday 20. leg in one trap, a fox had got out of another, and three others had been robbed by a wolf. Collingham wrent to Flare Harbour, where a fox had got out of one of his traps. I went my eaflern round; three traps were flruck up, two robbed, and a white-fox was in another. I alfo vifited my fouthern traps, and brought two of them home, but could not find the other two ; they being drifted over. On the top of Mount Martin I faw the dot of about twenty deer, which had croffed it fince I was there laft, and were gone northwards. Severe, bright weather. Mr. Daubeny went lo the iflands, and Mr. Collingham to his traps in North Harbour; a fox had got out of one of them. I took a walk to a fmall ifland beyond the fealing-tilt, and there met with the frefh fceting of fome deer : funk the wind to the eaftward of Gravel Hills, then turned towards the eaft end of Mount Martin, and faw fix of them feeding by the fide of it; but they, having difcovcred me firft, went off full gallop towards North Point, where I did not choofe to follow them. I alfo faw places on which a large herd or two had been feeding this morning. Severe Sunday 2t. N, W. fmart. N. frong. Severe froft, and clear till noon, then it grew hazy; at two o'clock it began to drift fmartly, and at four it fuddenly began to blow, fnow, and drift extremely hard; fortunately I had reached home about ten minutes before, or mod probably, I fhould have been loll, as it was with difficulty I could walk againfl the wind and drift. Mr. Collingham killed a groufe on Slink Point. Drifted hard till noon, but abated afterwards; fevere froft all day, but milder in the evening. Daubeny and Collingham went to their traps; the latter had A'./'^- a white-fox, and fhot a groufe. I took Martin with me, put three dogs in my fled, carried out one of the traps which I brought home on Saturday, and tailed it in my call walk. In a marfh on the fouth fide of Mount Martin, we difcovered eighteen deer at feed. I watched and dogged-them for above four hours ; at lafl I was upon the point of getting a good fbot, when one of them hearing me, gave the alarm, and away they went the fame route as thofe on Sunday lafl; I fired two random fhots, and then returned home, vifiting but two traps. Some fog and low drift in the morning, but clear afterwards, with fharp frofl all day. Wednef. tj. Daubeny went to the iflands, but faw nothing, Collingham n. w./man. waik€d to Hare Harbour and brought a yellow-fox, I vifited mofl of my traps; and had a filver-fox in one; and one of the deer which we faw yeflerday had been in another. On my return I difcovcred, from the north-eafl fide of Mount Martin, a herd of deer going along the bottom towards the fealing-tilt; 1 followed, and dogged them until they got almofl to the end of the point, where I got clofe up to them, but by that time my right eye was fb much affected by the glare of the fun on the n. moderau. fnow> tjiaj; j miffed; although I was not twenty yards off, and three .A.— —i J779-March. Wind, N. A\ E. heavy. Monday 2 2, N. hard. K.W.fefh. three or four of them were clofe together. They then ran off, r~i;r97 but flopped again, at a hundred and lixty yards, to take a look at Man** me, when I fired a fecond diot and ilruck a brocket through the upper part of both haunches, which made him quit the herd, and the red went off for North Point. I fired another fliot at the wounded deer, but milled him; he then went out upon the ice and lay down. Finding it would be difficult to kill him without affillance, I went two miles back for my dogs and fled, which I had left tied to a bulb on firfl feeing the deer. I rode back upon the lied, with the greyhound in a leaQi, and driving up within a hundred yards, flipped the dog, and he prefently put the deer up to bay. The bloodhound and Newfoundlander, which were in the fled, ran vehemently at the deer, which made a defperate pufh at the latter, hit him on the head, knocked him over, and certainly would have killed him, had his horns been bigger. When I perceived what was to happen, I thought it neceffary to roll olf; otherwife, I fhould have come in for my flrarc; the dogs foon had him down, and 1 took the opportunity of difpatching him immediately; after which I paunched him, then went home and fent three men with a large fled, who returned with him at night. I had the fnow thrown off the roof of the flage. and the large trap flruck up. A very bright day, which proved bad for our eyes; fevere froft till two o'clock, but milder afterwards. At eight this morning, Mr. Daubeny fet off for Sandhill Cove; Tlv,i(] y taking one man with him, and his baggage on my fled, which Wwd was drawn by two dogs. I broke up the deer ; it weighed 5' only feventy pounds. Mr. Collingham's eyes were yefterday fo much affe6led by the glare, that he could not go out. A bright, line day, and it thawed freely in the fun. Extremely. fma rt. (—s<—, Extremely boiflerous gales, with fnow and drift till nine NbLh. o'clock, then it hailed till noon, when it became foggy, with a Friday 26. filver thaw, and the wind began to abate ; in the evening it mE"d fnowed, and the wind died away. n. e. Saturday 27. Mr. Collingham killed a groufe near the houfe, and I fat Nm wratching for a fhort time, but faw only one groufe, and had plenty of bad weather ; for it blew a hard gale all day, with fleet, fog, and gentle thaw. Sunday 28. At noon Mr. Daubeny returned, and one of Mr. Coghlan's n. e./rejii. pCOpie wjtn ]}{m. From this man I learned, that their crew, confining of three hands, had killed but eleven foxes and one deer: and that the other crew of three hands at Black-bear Bay, had killed but three foxes. Mr. Daubeny brought with him a medal, which William Phippard picked up lafl year among the Indian baggage, which they found on the ifland in Ivucktoke Bay, where they faw fo many dead Efquimaux. As I well remember this medal (for it belonged to a brother of mine who gave it to one of the Indians whom I had in England) I am now no longer in doubt refpecding their perfons, or the caufe of their death. I am certain, that they mufl be the fame I was acquainted with ; that Caubvick mufl have retained the infection in her hair which fhe kept in a trunk; and that thejfmall-pox broke out amongfl them in the winter, and fwept them all off. He alfo brought eleven beaver-fkins, which he purchafed from one of the people. A dull morning, clear day, and it fnowed and drifted in the evening. Monday 29. Flard gales, with continual fnow and drift all day, but it N-E- did not freeze. A fevere A fevere, fharp day ; much worfe than yeflerday. March. Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps in Table Bay ; he had two Tl,cfday 30 toes of a wolvering, one trap was carried away, and another Wed^31 flruck up. He found a trap, which he fuppofed had been loll variaiu r . and little~ by Wrixon laft year. Mr. Collingham went to Hare Harbour, where he had a white-fox ; a fox had alfo got out of another trap. I vifited my traps, moft of which were robbed j I had a raven, and faw a filver-fox. Many foxes and fome wolves Mining; one of the latter came laft night about this houfe, and carried off the carcafs of a fox. A line day. * April. Mr. Daubeny took two traps, which he brought home yefter- ThllllJ:i>'1 day, and tailed them on the neck by South-eaft Cove. Mr. iiutu' Collingham went to North Harbour, but got nothing. I beat Slink Point and killed fix ptarmigans. Mild, with fome fnow. Mr. Coghlan's man went home this morning. I fent two men Friday 2. to dig out the Caplin, which was buried in drift, and to cover the two fkiffs near Curlew Harbour with boughs; they did the latter, but could not find the former. Mr. Daubeny went to the boats, and from thence to the iflands. Mr. Collingham vifited his traps in Hare Harbour, and killed a groufe. I went round my traps, and on the top of Mount Martin met with a white-fox, which afforded me an excellent courfe ; the fox had not near the fpeed of the greyhound, but beat him in the turns, which were very numerous ; and, the ground being bare and ftony, the dog broke his claws in fuch a manner as quite lamed him. Great numbers of foxes had cruifed every where laft night: and many looked at the traps, but none would touch the ' baits. Dark, mild weather, with a fprinkling of fnow at times. Vol II. 3 I Two J779-April. Saturday 3. Wind all rvund light, airs. Sunday 4. 5. w. w. s. iv. Two men digging for ihe Caplin all day, but could not find her. They faw a white wolf". Mr. Daubeny went to Table Bay, Mr. Collingham to North Harbour, and I to Mount Martin, but wc got nothing although there was a great run of foxes lad night alfo, for they would not take bait. Mild all day; a dull morning, but clear in the afternoon. It thawed all day. Strong gales, with dark weather, and frequent Ihowcrs of fmall hail until the afternoon; the clouds then broke. Monday 5. Three hands were digging for the Caplin, which they found in iv. mediate, die evening. Daubeny and Collingham went to Great Ifland and the fealing-poft, and killed a groufe. I fat watching for fome time on Slink Point: and had the pleafure to fee a ftrcak of water in the offing, extending fome leagues along fhore to the northward. A cloudy, mild day. Tuefday 6. little and variable. Wednef. 7, talm. S.frejk Mr. Daubeny went with me round my traps; I had a filver-fox, and he fhot three ptarmigans. Mr. Collingham had a white-fox in Hare Harbour. Three men were throwing the fnow off the Caplin. Clear and cloudy by turns; very mild. At four this morning Mr. Collingham took Gready with him, and fet olf for White-bear River, to fee whether old Tero was dead or alive. Mr. Daubeny went to Table Bay; he had a filver-fox, brought all his traps from thence and put them out on Slink Point. I took a walk into the country at the back of Blackguard Bay, where I found two fmall ponds, and a good deer-path; I faw feveral trackings of wolverings, alfo killed a fpruce-game with my rifle. Two men clearing the Caplin. A foggy morning, and dull afterwards. Two Two men were clearing the Caplin till nine this morning, when they hnilhed j and found her gunwales broken by the weight April, of fnow. Mr. Daubeny vifited Collingham's traps in North Thurfday 8. Harbour, and brought a yellow-fox. I fat watching for fome & *< time on Slink Point} but faw nothing. Some fleet in the morning, foggy and dull the refl of the day. moderate. The feal pelts were fkinned out, but mofl of the fkins were Friday 9. S. little. froft-burnt, by lying all winter in a calk, without fnow between it and them. Mr. Daubeny went round his own traps, and thofe of Collingham in Hare Harbour, and killed a brace of ptarmigans. I vifited the mofl of my traps and fhifted three of them. At fix o'clock this afternoon Mr. Collingham returned: he got to Tero's houfe on Wednefday evening, and found him and his companion, (my Newfoundland dog) both well. He went with Tero round his traps yeflerday, and left him this frA morning at four o'clock; the diflance is thirty-five miles. He informed me that Tero had killed twenty-two martens, eleven foxes, eight wolves, four beavers, and three wolverings. One of the wolves had gone off with a trap, and he accidentally met with him ten days after; he was alive, but fo far from his houfe, that he left him. Tero told Collingham, that foon after the lafl boat left him, feveral Indians flopped a few days on Separation Point; that they flaked the beaver-houfe which I found in the fummer, hung the two traps which he had in it upon a tree, and had flolen the chains off them. Martens were beginning to run again. The fnow is now grown very rotten. A foggy morning, and a cloudy day, with fome fun. A very indifferent day this; moid fnow fell in the morning, Saturday to and dry, drifting fnow, during the reft of the day, which was „Z'rZ'r. very dark. N. Jlrong. 3 1 2 Strong Strong gales, with low drift till noon, but clear afterwards, April. with a fharp frofl all clay. Sunday 11. Sharp frofl all day with hard gales, and much fnow and drift Wind N. N. W. Monday I2t n. e. till three o'clock ; it drifted only afterwards. Tuefday 13. I fent two men to dig the fnow from about my houfe on Great s.fvjk. ifland ; a wolf had jufl been upon it, and they faw him not far off. Mr. Daubeny went to his traps, and had a crofs-fox, a white one, and a raven; he did but jufl go in time, for he faw the wolf upon Slink Point, which would foon have cleared his traps for ^ him. Mr. Collingham went to Hare Harbour; he had two white-foxes, and killed a porcupine and five groufe, I vifited my traps ; one of which was flruck up. From Burnt Knap I turned to the left, croffed Curlew Harbour, went upon a hill near Mad Cove, and from thence returned home by the flage ; I faw a yellow-fox. Dark, ftiarp weather, and it drifted in the afternoon. Wednef. 14. I made a beaver-net to-day of feal-twine. In the afternoon, A' hardt Mr. Daubeny vifited fome of his traps near home; two of which were flruck up. Sharp frofl and much drift all day j it fnowed till noon, but the fky was clear afterwards. Thurfday 15. Three men were digging a trench in the fnow round my Fr7i!k't0W' dwellingdioufe on the ifland ; yeflerday's drift having filled up & moderate, that which had been dug lately, and it has alfo entirely buried the Caplin again, deeper than fhe was before. Mr. Daubeny made faff a log of wood to each of his traps, to prevent the wolves from carrying them away. Mr. Collingham went to North Harbour, where he had a crofs-fox, and killed five JxA groufe. I vifited my traps; foxes had been upon two, but they and and mofl of the refl were drifted up. A great run of foxes in all the walks. It is very remarkable, that among the firft fifty-eight foxes which we killed this feafon, there were no Wind more than four bitches : and out of five fince, only one dog. Sharp frofl all day ; pleafant weather till four o'clock ; it then began to blow, drift, and turn dark. Three men were throwing the fnow out of the falt-houfe. Mr. Fr5*y 1G-Daubeny went to his traps and the ifland, but got nothing. Mr. w-frtJh-Collingham had a crofs-fox in Hare Harbour. I fat watching on the top of the hill above the houfe for fome time: from whence I faw a long narrow vein of water in the offing, which extended a confiderable diflance each way, farther than the eye could command. * Dull, with a little fnow in the morning, clear afterwards; it thawed in the middle of the day, but froze lharply afterwards. Three men were at work in the falt-houfe. Mr. Daubeny Saturday 17. went to the South-weft Marfhes, and killed a fprucc-game, then to his traps, and the ifland. I vifited my traps, every one of which were frozen on the ground, and there was no fign of foxes. At nine this morning, two of Mr. Coghlan's men came here from Sandhill Cove, and brought a crofs-fox out of one of Mr. Collingham's traps in North Harbour. They wanted fome medicines for their head man, who is in a bad ftatc of health ; alfo informed me, that they had killed but five foxes fince one of them was laft here; and that the outer part of Table Bay was broken up, and there was a great run of the fea upon Ledge Ifland. In the afternoon, Mr. Collingham went to North Harbour, where he found all his traps robbed : and he informed me, that there was water to be feen at Cove Iiland. Hard froft, and a clear fky all day. calm. Laft Laft night a wolf carried off the carcafs of a fox which lay on the ice near this houfe. Mr. Daubeny went to his traps on the point, expecting to find him in one of them, but inftead of that he had a white-fox. A dark, fharp day ; iqually at night, with a little fnow. Monday 19. Coghlan's men went home this morning. Daubeny and Col-jjjjj lingham went a porcupine-hunting to the wcflward, but found none; they faw fome old beaver-cuttings by a pond, and returned home by Collingham's traps on Venifon Head; one of which was carried away by a fox, that they followed a confi-derable diftance bv the track, but could not find him. After dinner I went out with Collingham, and being fortunate enough to find the track again, wc at laft came up with the fox, upon the ice in the mouth of Blackguard Bay, it was a fmall white one. He had dragged the trap near two miles in the ftreight line, but if all the turns had been meafured, the diftance would have been almoft doubled. Severe froft all day, and dark till five o'clock, when we had a hard fquall of wind, after which it became a fine evening. Tuefday so. Two men were clearing the fnow out of the falt-houfe, which N' Jl,0"s' they iinidicd in the evening. At day-light I fent Martin out a dccr-lliooting, and at ten o'clock he returned with the heart of a hind, which he had killed in the valley on the fouth fide of Mount Martin. He went back with two other men, and a couple of dogs in a large fled, and brought her home. I went along with them, took the calf out of her, and dragged it after me round my traps; one of which had a white-fox in it, and another was carried a little diftance off, by another fox, which had gotten out. I killed a groufe with my riile. Both Daubeny and Collingham vifited their traps, the latter thofe in North Harbour, but got nothing. At eleven o'clock three of Mr. '779-April. Sunday 1 8« Wind N. by W. fmart. Mr. Coghlan's men came here from Sandhill Cove; one of them was the head-man of that place, and another, the headman of Black-bear Bay. The latter informed me, that his crew had killed but four deer and fifteen foxes, eleven of which were white ones, and that deer were now very plentiful about that place. The deer which Martin killed to-day, I judge to be four years old; fhe was dry laft fummer, but now with calf j is in good condition for this time of the year, and weighs one hundred and twenty-fix pounds. Seven more were with her. A mild day; cloudy till live o'clock, and clear afterwards. At day-break Mrs. Selby was taken in labour, and at ten o'clock I delivered her of a daughter. At feven Mr. Coghlan's men fet off for Sandhill Cove. Daubeny and Collingham went round the traps of the latter, on Venifon Head, and brought in a white-fox. Three men were throwing the fnow out of the cook-room. Sharp froft, and clear all day. Two men were at work in the cook-room. Mr. Daubeny went with me round my traps j three of them were carried olf by foxes, none of which we could find. He (hot a hare, and we faw another; alfo a brace of white-foxes near a breeding earth, which is under the cliff on the north-eall lide of Mount Mar^ tin, on which there is a falcon's neft. The offing breaks up but Ilowly; the ice has parted from Cape North, by the outer Sifter, to the inner Gannet, and nearly in a north-weft line from thence. A clear, hot fun, which melted the fnow fall, Mr. Collingham vifited his traps in North Harbour, where he had a crofs-fox and a white one, and fliot five groufe; lie faw faw the frefh flot of a herd of deer, which had come off the South Barrens and gone for Ledge Iiland. Mr. Daubeny took a man and the dog with him, and went to hunt for my loll traps but could not find any of them; for the fnow now melts fo fad, that all marks are foon diffolved. After dinner he vihted his own, and killed a groufe. A faddleback appeared to-day, which is a fure fign, that the ice has parted from the fhore to the fouthward. A hot day. Two men were at work upon the ifland part of the day. Daubeny and Collingham vifited their traps, and the former fhot a groufe. Martin took the dogs to try for my loft traps, and found one with a good crofs-fox in it; he alfo faw the flot of eight deer, wdiich had gone towards the north-eafl end of Great Ifland ; of eleven, which had gone on the top of Mount Martin ; and of a fingle one, which had gone through Weflern Tickle for Venifon Head. The coopers finifhed the tierces to-day. Hard frofl and a dull day, with fome fnow. After breakfaft I took a walk to the top of the highefl hill on Great Ifland, and obferved that the offing was not broken up much more than it was on Thurfday lafl. At noon, two deer came from Venifon Head through Weflern Tickle ; one of wdiich bled a little, and they fecmed to have been diflurbed. I followed them up South-eaft Cove to the fir ft pond, but as they did not flop to feed, I turned over Mount Martin homeward, and there met with a crofs-fox in one of my traps; it was exceedingly trace-galled, and the colour quite faded. I obferved that the herd of deer, which croffed the Mount yefleiday to the northward, had rc-paffed it in the evening. I flruck up my two fbuthcrnmoft traps. A fharp frofl all day. Two Two men cleared the mow out of the Beaver and Mr. Seyde's boat. Mr. Collingham went to North Harbour j he had a ra- April, ven in one of his traps, and brought them all into this harbour. Monday 26. He faw the Hot of eleven deer, which had gone towards the jrfa ' South Barrens this morning, and on his return met three others going the fame way, at which he would have had a fhot, if his dog had not got loofc and driven them back. I fent Martin to look for my loll traps again, but he could not find them ; he Ilruck up all the reft, except one, and met with three deer near Gravel Hills, one of which, being a flag, he wounded, but did not get him. In following him, he faw twenty-two more coming acrofs Table Bay from Ledge Ifland, but as it was late in the evening and a long way from hence, he did not wrait for them. Another deer was feen to go through Weflern Tickle up South-eaft Cove. A cloudy day, with but little froft. link. N. little. Two men were bringing the firewood out upon the ice, in Tu*% *7' . , 1 n. iv. little. order to make a raft of it. I fent Martin alici his wounded deer, and he got within twelve yards of him, but his gun having got wet, miffed fire, and he could not get near him again. He met with nine others on the High Barrens, and killed a (laggard. At feven o'clock, eleven deer came upon the ice from the High Barrens and pointed towards this houfe; but either winding the fmokc, or feeing fome of the people, two turned back, jc e. and the reft trotted downwards, and went through Weflern Tickle for Venifon Head. Daubeny, Collingham, and I endeavoured to waylay them, but they were too nimble for us. I obferved that a brace had gone through there yefterday to the fouth-eafl, and fix to the north-weft. Daubeny and I fat all the s-reft of the day on Slink Point, but faw no more. Collingham went to Hare Harbour, where he had a raven in one trap, a fox had carried off another, and he brought all the reft nearer Vol. II. 3 K home. r ^ ' home. We got water to-day off the ice, for the ufe of the i 779* April. houfe; having melted fnow for various ufes ever fince the firfl week in December lafl. \ Flazy in the morning, bright and mild afterwards. Wednef. 28. At five this morning I fent five hands for the deer, and they x.htir. returned with him at ten; his quarters weighed one hundred and twenty pounds, and he had mewed a day or two ago. Mr. Daubeny went to Mount Martin and killed a brace of groufe. Mr. Collingham took three dogs, and found his loft s.frtjk. trap with a white-fox in it, and killed a brace of groufe. I watched all day upon Slink Point, but law nothing. A fharp frofl lad night; it was clear and warm to-day till near noon, but afterwards cloudy and cold. A'. £. Thurfday *$. ^Ir. Daubeny vifited his traps, and had a good crofs-fox. I fat watching till two o'clock, and faw a crofs-fox on Blackguard Bay. A heavy day, threatening rain. s, s, nr. Jlrong, frrfht Pi in 30. I fat watching for fix hours to-day, but faw nothing. There s, ;r. uhu. jjj kut jlU|e jnow left on the harbour now, and the ice thaws faft. Bright, and extremely hot till noon, hazy afterwards; and, at eight o'clock this evening, we had a very fmall fhowcr of rain ; the full fince the fifteenth of November laft, which is twenty-three weeks and five days. May. Saturday 1. Daubeny vifited his traps, and killed two brace of groufe. 5, w.frcjiu Collm^iam went to his in this harbour, but got nothing. The leaks over the dining and bed-rooms were covered with a frefh coat of paper, pitch, and tar. In the afternoon a pair of geefe flew over the houfe, and at the fame time I difcovercd a brace THE FOURTH VOYAGE. 435 * a brace of old dry hinds upon the ice, coming for the faddle 1—^7"^ near the houfe; I placed myfelf there to receive them, but Mav* winding the cooper's houfe, they turned down along fhore, eroded a little below the Beaver, and went away for Venifon Head. Mr. Daubeny followed them to the top of Berry Hill, from whence he faw them take the ice in Hare Harbour. Blackguard Bay is now half leg deep in water, but there is very little fnow or water on the ice in the harbour. This morning was clear, but the red of the day cloudy and very mild. At noon I walked to the top of the hill above the houfe, and Sunday 0. foon difcovered a brace of deer eroding Blackguard Bay N J** from Round Iiland, for Venifon Head. I followed and found them at feed there, but the mofs being quite dry, and there being but very little wind, they heard me and went off into the country, they were both young male deer. Four black-ducks were feen to-day. Clear and hot. Daubeny vifited his traps, and killed three groufe. Col- Monday 3. lingham went to Venifon Head, where he had a white-fox ; alfo *■ w.utUe. killed one groufe. I fat on Slink Point all the morning, but w. faw nothing. A gentle froft; clear in the morning, and broken clouds afterwards. Three men dug the Caplin out again. Mr. Daubeny went Tuefday 4. upon Mount Martin, and from thence to the fealing-tilt, but N,bttlc' faw nothing there; he killed four brace of groufe on Slink Point in his way home. Cold, with broken clouds. k Three <—A--1 Three men went to the ifland, and hung fome feal and fal- 1775. M^. mon-nets upon fhears to dry. Winde.n, e. Snowed all day. Jmart. Thurfday 6. Mr. Collingham had a white-fox in a trap in the harbour, a e.jiormy. woif nad gQt 0U{- Qf another, and he killed four groufe. It fnowed all day ; thawed in the morning; afterwards it froze and drifted. Friday 7. This proved an exceeding bad day; for it blew a gale of wind, E. n. e. attended with fnow, drift, and fharp frofl. A great deal of fnow has fallen within thefe three days pafl, and my houfe has leaked in every part. Saturday 8. Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps and killed five groufe. Mr. %i%E' Collingham went to Venifon Head, where he had a yellow-fox; little. alfo killed a groufe. £^ Thick fog all day with thaw; it rained in the evening. Sunday 9. After breakfaft I took a walk to the end of Slink Point, in miZii. expectation of feeing the ice broken up by the late gales of wind; but I could not obferve that it was more fo now than before ; which convinces me, that there mull be a valt body of drift-ice flill upon the coaft, extending to a great diflance from land; otherwife a fwell mull have rolled in, fulficient to have ripped it up in every place which is not land-locked. I killed a groufe with a ball, out of my double-barrelled gun; obferved that Indian fallad made its appearance; and that the mountain fallow was in bud. Thefe are the firfl inflances of vegetatiov I have taken notice of this fpring. A cloudy morning, and hazy the refl of the day, with mild weather, which carried off a great deal of the late fnow. Mr, *779« May; Monday 10. Wind N. little. A'. e. S. W. moderate.' Tuefday ii< S. little. Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps and went to the ifland, where he fet the people to ftud the dwelling-houfe on the outride; alfo he killed a groufe. Collingham killed five groufe on Slink Point. I fat watching on the hill over Weflern Tickle for feven hours, but faw nothing. Broken clouds till five o'clock, clear afterwards, with a gentle froft all day. This morning the ice was broken up from Cape North along fhore as far as the entrance of Curlew Harbour, and from thence to the back of Green Illand, both fides of Long Ifland, and the back of Round Ifland : from that place to the outfidc of Leveret Ifland, and then to the call-end of Huntingdon Ifland, proceeding along the back of it, and the other iflands to the northward, farther than I could fee. After breakfaft I went upon the hill above the houfe, and immediately difcovcred a hind and calf upon the ice near the head of the harbour. They laid down there, and Daubeny and Collingham wTent after them; but the deer got fight of them at a confiderable diftance, came down this way and pointed firft for one pafs and then for another, feveral times. I headed them twice, but they difappointed me at laft, and were crofting the neck by the Beaver when Martin meeting them there, they took the ice again, trotted down along fhore, paffed through Weflern Tickle, and went to Venifon Head. Collingham vifited his traps in this harbour and had a white-fox. A cloudy, cold day, and it rained a good deal in the night. This morning, the ice in Blackguard Bay was broke up in a WedtieG 12, line from the extreme part of Slink Point, to the point under Berry Hill; but not clofe to the fhore, on either fide. The whole of the north-weft fide of Great Ifland is clear; feveral flocks of ducks were feen to fly pafl Venifon Head to-day. I * had 5. s. e. Jrcjh. had the Roebuck tinned up to dry ready for trimming, and fome more iluds carried down to the ifland. Mr. Daubeny killed four groufe on Slink Point. The bloodhound dog being lame and unfit for fervice, he was killed to-day, as there was not much probability of his recovery. Cloudy, foggy, moid, raw weather. Three men fludding the houfe on the ifland. Blackguard Bay filled full of drift ice. I faw fome dogbcrry-bu flies in bud. The weather much the fame as yeflerday, with the addition of fleet in the morning, and fmall rain in the evening. Mr. Daubeny vifited his traps this morning, and had the fmallcft white-fox I ever faw; it weighed only fix pounds and three quarters, although it wras very fat, which is a pound and a quarter lefs than the hares here. He afterwards went to the ifland and had the houfe finifhed. Mr. Collingham went to his traps on Venifon Head, where he had a yellow-fox, and fhot two white ones, which he found under fome rocks. I took a walk to the coopers' houfe, and then along fhore,' but faw nothing. I got an egg out of a butcher-bird's nefl, which is in the top of a fpruce-tree clofe to my houfe. Thefe birds build their nefls exactly in the fame manner as houfe-fparrows do, when they build in a tree; and their eggs are as like as pofliblc to the eggs of thofe birds. The weather was much the fame again to-day, only that we had no fleet, but a little rain fell in the morning. After brcakfalt I crofled the harbour, and went round my eaflern trap-walk in queft of deer, but faw no fign of any. I flruck up all the traps which Martin left tailed. No water to be feen from the top of Mount Martin, excepting to the northward of the Gannet Iflands, and that part of the fea is full of of drift-ice. A great fwell came into Blackguard Bay and Weflern Tickle this afternoon, which ripped up the ice as far as it reached. This morning all Blackguard Bay was broken up, except the Sun^J6' fhoaly parts and White Cove; but the ice was kept in by the wind. Mr. Daubeny went to South-eafl Cove to look for the two traps which he loll in the winter; he found one of them with a white-fox alive in it; that trap having been buried under the drift till lately. Clear till noon, fmall clouds a fter. The Roebuck wras repaired and trimmed. Mr. Daubeny Monday 17, vilited his traps and had a bitch crofs-fox which had lately variable* pupped; fhe had but feven teats, three on the right, and four on her left fide, which appears to me fomewhat extraordinary; (he had likewife entirely lod her fur. After breakfall I walked to the end of Slink Point, and brought a fox out of one of Mr. Daubeny's traps, of a very lingular kind and colour; it mull be either a faded blue, or a crofs, between a blue and a white; and its fur was much clofcr and longer than common, and inclined to curl. Mr. Collingham went to Narrow Marfh, to look for the trap which he loil there in the beginning of the winter; he found the place, but the trap was gone. He brought two white-foxes out of his harbour traps. Gready killed a goofe this morning. The fun was out all day, but it was cold in the wind, and froze fharply at night. After breakfall I took a walk to the South-well Marfhes, to rJT«a% ifc view a deer-path which Mr. Collingham told me of. I found it a very good one, and obferved, that a pound for taking deer alive might be erected on it, with very little trouble and expencc. Daubeny s. s. e. little* frrfi. Jlcrmy*. ->\._- Daubeny and Collingham went to Venifon Head and found the Uay. remains of a crofs-fox, which had been eaten out of one of the traps by a wolf, a night or two ago. Moft of the ice is driven out of Blackguard Bay, and there does not appear to be enough left in the offing to prevent a flap coming in : yet, at a few leagues diltancc from the coaft, the ice perhaps may be in a Wx compact jam to a valt breadth. The morning was clear and fine, but it foon after turned hazy and dark : and from nine o'clock the weather was intolerably bad. WeJnef. 19. \ carried three deer-flips to Narrow Marfh, and tailed them hjion,!y\' in the path there. In the afternoon, obferving a great number of ducks in the weft corner of Blackguard Bay, I had the Roebuck launched round on the ice to that place : but there being then no wind, they were fo fhy that I could kill only one. There wTerc feveral hounds and gulls, with fome pigeons and black-divers among them. It froze fharply all day ; fnowed fall till ten o'clock, and was clear after. Timrfckv 20. Mr. Collingham went to Venifon Head, and law a white-fox >£rtf' get out °f one of his traps. One of the fkiffs at the fealing-poft: was trimmed. Mr. Daubeny killed a brace of ptarmigans. I fhot the hen butcher-bird and had her nefl taken, which had fix eggs more in it; the cock bird I Ihot a few days ago; and as I am now in pofleifion of them both, I mean to fluff the fkins. It fnowed fall till nine this morning, and was clear afterwards. Friday 21; I fent all hands down to the ifland, to open and air the pile n. f. ihiu. Gf fiflj. but finding it in perfect good order, they heaved a few quintals only of the crown : the coopers and my two wooders dicn returned. I brought home a white-fox out of one of Dau- beny's fredi. tittle, calm. little. 1779- May. Wind S. mtdcrad. beny's traps, which, with the eleven Tero had when Collingham left him, make a hundred in the whole. I never knew the foxes to be in fuch bad condition as they were in this laft winter ; for fome of them were not in full feafon above a month ; and they were all much poorer than ufual, which I attribute to feeding fo much on mice : nor did I ever lofe fo many traps in a feafon before ; thirteen have been carried oft' by foxes, two by wolves; and two large, and two fmall ones broken by deer. A clear day with fharp froft. Early in the morning, Mr. Collingham went round the flips, S^ur^y^ by Narrow Marfh, and his traps in the harbour. Fie had a brace moderate! of white-foxes, and fhot a diver. Mr. Daubeny and four hands went to the fealing-poft to try for the nets, but found only one which was rotten. As they went, he broke through the ice with one foot, and one of the people did the fame as they came back; for it is now very thin and tender. I took a fhort walk and brought home two of my flips which had been out all the winter ; but both of them were gnawed afunder by vermin. Blackguard Bay is clear of ice ; but the offing is full again. A thin haze aloft, with a hot fun and very mild air. little. Sunday 23. little and variablt. Mr. Daubeny flruck up his traps which were at the head of Blackguard Bay, as did Mr. Collingham thofe of his which were on Venifon Head; he found two of thole which he loft in the winter, and killed a brace of groufe. Blackguard Bay is full of ice, as is alfo the offing to the north-eafl of Long Illand, but clear to the north-weft of it. A very hot day, with thin haze. Seven hands were carrying and making a raft of the firewood Monday 24. upon the ice, which is now grown fo bad, that they could not N> E.jireng. work after half flood, or they would have finifhed it to night. Vol. II. 3 L My »779-May. Tuefday 25. Wind JV. moderate. Wednef. 26. Utile. My two wooders were employed all the forenoon in building a wharf of done before the houfe, to land goods on. After dinner I fent them wdth Mr. Collingham to launch the Roebuck, which had been led upon the ice on the nineteenth, and to bring her to a fafer place; he killed a pair of black-ducks and a fhellbird* Snow all day, with fharp froft. The people finiihed the raft this morning, and then let down Mr. Seydes' boat in order to trim her. Mr. Collingham had a white-fox in one of his traps in the harbour; he flruck them all up and brought two dips from the iithmus, which had been out all winter. Mr. Daubeny vilited his traps on Slink Point, and Ihot a groufe. Sharp froft all day; foggy in the morning, and clear afterwards. One of my fervants having informed me on Thurfday laft, that a criminal connexion had been carried on between Mrs. Sclby and Mr. Daubeny, and as he had difcovered me this morning in an attempt to get ocular demonftration of it, I tried the affair publicly. The facd being clearly proved by two witneffefs, and by very ftrong corroborating circumflances related by feven others, together with her own confeflion, I declared as formal a divorce between us as ever was pronounced in Doctors Commons. Upon reading the depofitions to Daubeny, and afking him what he had to fay in his defence, he pofitively denied the whole ; aCCufed her of being in a combination with the other people againlt him, offered to take his moft folemn oath to the truth of his aftertions, and repeatedly preffed me to adminifter an oath to him; but I did not chufe that he ihouid add perjury to the crimes he had already committed. Mrs. Seiby then refufing to Cake her oath that the child, of which ihe fhe was lately delivered, was mine (the time of its birth anfwer- i— ing to the twenty-fifth of July lafl, at which time fhe was in the May. fame houfe with him on Great Ifland, and I was abfent from the morning of the eighteenth to the morning ot the twenty-ninth) and the child being very like him in many refpecds, and in none like me, I difowned it, and refolved never to make any provifion for it, unlefs I Oiould hereafter be compelled fo to do by a judicial fentence. Mr. Collingham went round Blackguard Bay this morning, and killed a fliellbird. Much fnow fell Jail night, and die day was cold and cloudy. This morning Mr. Collingham took a walk to the brook in Thurfday 2 this harbour, and killed three fliellbirds, Mr. Scydes' fhallop ww^dw was trimmed ready for launching as foon as the ice goes off. JmarU A clear morning, dull after, with rain and fleet; a frofl at night. All hands were cutting and binding up boughs for fifli-flakcs. Friday 28. Mr. Collingham went round the head of Blackguard Bay, and J^;,. killed a pair of black-ducks. I walked to the end of Slink Point, where I killed one goofe, wounded another, and Ilruck up all the traps; which concludes the fox-catching for this feafon. The whole of what we got at this place is as follows, viz. S.Jre/k. fixteen filver foxes, twenty-eight erotics, nineteen yellows, twenty-fix whites, and one blue-fox, total ninety-fix. Eight at lcafl have been eaten out of the traps, or have been loll with them; and had the traps not been fo very old and bad wc fhould nearly have doubled the above number. What I have now, are only the worft of my old flock: for the privateer not only carried away fix dozen of new ones, which had never been opened, but alfo, what good ones they found in ufe. A cloudy, mild day, 3 L 2 I break faded '——> I break faded early a i immediately after went out a fhoot-May# ing m the Roebuck with four hands; I killed five eider-ducks Saturday 29. and a goofe, and one of the people killed a hare. We landed 5. Tfe/k on Sadler's Ifland, in hopes of finding fome eggs, but the back-wardnefs of the fpring has prevented the gulls from laving yet: we gathered many large mufcles on a rock in North-eafl Tickle. A foggy, raw day. Sunday 30. Six hands went to the ifland this morning to dig a chefl out E./nfu Gf tne i'miths fhop, where it has been all the winter buried in the fnow. By working down the flue they got it out, and found one fide of the roof of the fhop broken down by the weight of $. i.prmy. fnow. They alfo walked to the other end of the ifland, brought the fkiif which lay there to this place, and killed a pair of ducks. Mrs. Sclby's child being very ill to-day, I baptized it by the name of Maria. Dark till two o'clock, and the reft of the day proved as bad weather as it ufually is in the month of January in England. Monday 31. 1 ^cnt f°ur nands to the illand for bread-boxes, oars, and fome 5. e. oilier things, and had a fortnight's provifions weighed out for eight men. Notwithftanding Daubeny offered to take his oath that he was perfectly innocent of all which he had been accufed of, yet, this day, he confelfed to me, that he was guilty of the crime laid to his charge. Dull, foggy, raw, and cold till fix o'clock ; it then rained hard for an hour, after which the Iky cleared. June. ^t n|ne 0'c]ock this mornine: I fent Daubeny in a (kiff with lueiday 1. { ° 5. four hands to White-bear River, a rinding. I had a punt moderate, trimmed, and at fix in the evening, fent four other men after him. I took an account of the provifions which are left, and found that, owing to the fuccefs of our traps, flips, and guns, J- together with good ceconomy, I have now enough left to laft until until the end of September. I was under the greateft apprc-benfton all winter, of falling fhort of provifions before any veffel could arrive with a fupply. From the delays of waiting for, and failing with convoy, I did not fuppofe the arrival could be earlier than the middle of July; and, if the veffel fhould chance to be taken, I fhould be obliged to fend a boat to St. John's, in Newfoundland. I therefore would not fuffer a mor-fel of falted meat to be expended at fuch times as there was any thing freih in the houfe: and it was no fmall additional uneafinefs to me, that my people were, three or four times, on the point of mutiny, becaufe I would not give them falted pork, which they threatened to take by force: but I prevented their doing fo, by affuring them, that I would fhoot the firft, and every man, who fhould make an attempt of the kind. Unfortunately, the foxes went out of feafon much fooner than ufual, and by the month of March, they fmcllcd fo rank, that I could not infill; on their eating them. I then hit upon an expedient which was of lingular help to me ; for on catching the firft white-fox, I fkinned him with great care and ate him myfelf, telling my people, that a white-fox was fuperior to a hare. This fet them a longing j and then, by way of an indulgence, I gave them all we caught afterwards; but the facf. was, they were no better than thofe of other colours; they however fatisfied the cravings of the appetite, and kept us from famifh-ing. Before they went off this morning, I had the fatisfaclion to receive their voluntary thanks for not giving way to their unreafonable demands; they being now convinced, that we mufl all inevitably have perifhed if I had. All Blackguard Bay is now clear of ice, except White Cove, and that is fa ft yet. Foggy till nine o'clock, cloudy and raw afterwards; and in the evening, it thundered to the weftward. Wednef. Wind N. moderate. There is ftill a bridge of ice in this harbour from Great 1779. o Ifland to the oppofite fhore, and another from Slink Point to the foot of Mount Martin. All to the fouthward is faft in the middle, yet entirely thawed by the fun round the fhore; and the whole is fo weak, that it can hardly hold together two days longer. I fat fome time by the water-fide above the houfe, and killed an cider-duck and three gulls, but having no dog, except the greyhound, I got only one of the latter: in the evening Mr. Collingham went off on a pan of ice, and got the cluck and another gull. Foggy, raw weather all day. Thurfday 3. Mr. Collingham killed a pair of fhellbirds, and I one. On N.E.iittk. sijni- Point 1 found the head of a well-grown, yellow fox-cub, which had been eaten there by an eagle ^ but from whence it was brought, I cannot imagine. The bridge of ice which was below the ftage, gave way this evening. Weather, the fame as yefterday, and it rained hard all night. Friday 4. After breakfaft I took Mr. Collingham and the wooders with *' J>^1' me, and went to the ifland. We found the head of the ftage raifed up about five inches, many of the pofts, fhores, and ftoutcrs gone, and the ice in a folid bed under it, about four feet thick, which hung entirely by the timber: as foon as the tide had fallen a little, it would be likelv to carry the whole away, if any fea came into the harbour. We chopped part of it away, and in fo doing, Mr. Collingham chopped himfelf into the wrater, got a moft complete ducking, and loft his hatchet. We fpanned fome of the pofts and fhores, did fome other bufinefs, fhot a goofe, and returned home at feven in the evening. This is a remarkable backward fpring, and the weather of late has been much colder and worfe than common at this time of little. frejh. S. E. of the year. To-day it rained hard till nine in the morning, < » and the red of it was very cold, with thick fog. June. This morning Mr. Collingham eroded the neck, with his gun, 5" and killed a duck. After breakfall I took him and one man £. moderate.-with me and went to the iiland, where they chopped away all the ice, as far in as above low water mark, where it lay aground. In the mean time, I cleared a fmall fpot of ground from bufhes, and fowed it with radtihes and onions; and fowed another bit, (which hitherto had grown nothing but heath) with radiflics alone. I alfo fowed above a pound of white clover-feed in different places round the buildings. At three in the afternoon I landed on Slink Point and returned home, but they remained on the ifland ; having taken their bedding for that purpofe. I killed an eider-duck. In the afternoon, all the ice on this fide of the harbour, and moil of that on the other, gave way, and I expecd the red will be gone in the morning. Clear from one to eight o'clock; very foggy the re 11 of the day. A large halo round the fun this evening; which is a fign of bad weather. Mr. Collingham brought a Couple of quintals of fifh out of Sunday g. the pile this morning, and then returned. 'f"j7u At day-light it froze very Iharply, and there was a thick fog; 5-the refl of the day was very dark: from three in the afternoon it rained hard, and continued all night; exceedingly cold weather. Jlormy. At noon all the remainder of the ice gave way, and drove Monday 7. over 16 this fide. Hard rain, and very bad weather all day. This This was a terrible, bad day. The ground is greatly flooded, June! ana< * f°al-tnc rivers will overflow. If any fhips are on this Tuefday 8. coafl; now, God help them! unlefs they are piratical privateers, coming to plunder innocent people again ; for fuch, I recommend to their friend the D—1. Wind N. E heavy gales Wednef. 9, This morning, all the ice, both in this harbour and White ^derate Cove, was gone. One of my people having a large boil on his belly, and lome more appearing, I applied a poultice to each of them, took feventeen ounces of blood from him, and gave him a dole of jallap. A thick, wet fog all day. Thurfday 10. After dinner I went to the people's houfe, where I took the n.jiormy. fhallops fails out of the bark, and fpread them to dry. I then went to Mr. Seydes' boat, which I found left in a fhameful fituation; being liable to be carried away by a high tide: 1 made faff the end of a rope to her, which was all I could do. I hid away three traps, alfo killed a pair of eider-ducks; the feafon jomy. .g ^ backward, that they were not yet with egg. This morning was very foggy with fmall rain ; at ten o'clock it fnowed, and the remainder was mifly, dark, and cold ; very fuitable for December in England. Friday it. At noon I walked to Mr. Seydes' boat, and hid away another n, jiormy. trap. I got a ihot at about forty eider-ducks, pretty well doubled up, and killed three; alfo crippled five or fix more, but got only one : for both the weather and water were fo cold, that my greyhound, who has learnt from the Newfoundland dogs to fetch birds out of the water, would go in but once ; they were a very fine fhot for a large gun, but my double-barrel has fo fmall a bore, that it carries only fifty-two grains of B. B. fhot fhot. Upon examining the down of thefe ducks, which is fo r"^^-nt valuable, warm, elaftic, and light, I found that it grows out of June, the body in the manner of a feather; whofe whole length, both md of quill and fhaft, is extremely fine, and does not exceed one N./man. tenth of an inch in length. On this grows a bunch of feathery fubfhances, refembling the harle on the fides of a peacock's tail-feather, which are from eight tenths of an inch to an inch and two tenths in length. I counted the number of harles on two of thefe Items, and found one to have ninety-fix, the other fifty-two; but not having a microfcope, I could not tell if either of them was entire or not. Weather as yeflerday, till feven in the evening, the fky then cleared, and we were bleffed with the fmiles of the enlivening fun once more. I walked to the point this morning, and haled Mr. Collingham 5aturJay for the boat; we then went to the raft of wood and the two fhallops which are on the other fide of the harbour, where we obferved two white-bears had lately been. We landed on both the harbour iflands, and found one gull's nefl with three eggs, but the ducks had only fcraped out their nefts yet. At noon, Mr. Daubeny returned with both fkiffs and all the people, except two, whom he left to take care of the rinds: they had taken off three hundred and forty nitches, but many of them were fpoiled by the backwardnefs of the feafon. He brought Tero down with him, who had killed but fix martens, two foxes, one beaver, and one otter, fmce Mr. Collingham left him. In their way home, they picked up a hundred and thirty-two eggs; fome few of which were duck's, all the refl gull's. Mr. Seydes' boat was thwarted down in order to get her afloat, but the tide did not make high enough. I hid away three of Collingham's traps. The main jam is driven within the Satinets again. Vol II. 3 M The S. E. little. moderate. t--K—i The boat was thwarted down lower, and in the evening fhe June. floated off"; fhe was then brought round into the harbour, and ViiV8' moored abreaft of this houfe. I went to Narrow Marfh and f&jt took up the deer-flips, s e uttu ^ fharp froft all day; it not only fnowed, but abfolutely drifted till nine this morning, but the remainder of the day proved better than any which we have had of a long time. Monday 14. The Martin was trimmed to-day, and in the evening we got her afloat. I went in queft of the two anchors which were left in the water laft fall, but could find only one of them, which we took up. As we rowed along fhore, I obferved a white-fox go under a flat rock, from which I pulled him out with a fifh-hook tied to the end of a flick; bound his legs, tied up his mouth, intending to keep him alive; but by binding it up too clofe, and the fun fhining very hot upon him, he foon fell into con-vulfions and died. It froze fo very hard this morning, there being a dead calm, that the whole harbour was caught over with fuch ftrong ice, that it cut a new fkiffalmofl through her bows, as fhe was rowed acrofs to the fhallops; the reft of the day proved perfecdly clear, and exceflively hot. Tue% 15. Flic flage was repaired, fome of the things brought from x. w. fmart. Curlew Harbour, and Mr. Seydes* fhallop rigged, ballafted, iv. little. and fitted for fea. moderate. This was quite a fummer day, but, in the evening, there was a large halo round the fun. S. S. c. 0 little. Wednef 16 Tne x^ °^^1 ewo°d was towed down to the ifland and landed; eaim. ana I had fome young trees reared up in front of this houfe, to s.s.i, hide it from ftrangers. I hid away two hogfheads of furs in mediate, fa woods, and vifited the two harbour iflands; on one of which we we found a ranger dead, and on the other got ten duck <—^Jjj—» eggs. I killed an eider-duck, Mr. Collingham, a goofe, and we June got a number of fine mufcles, upon a rock oppolite to this houfe. mnd^* We alfo hid away three more traps. moderate, A fine day, but it rained in the evening. At four this morning I fent olf Mr. Seydes' boat, under the Thurfdav »7» care of James Gready, aflifted by two other men, to be returned to him in Charles Harbour. I fiiipped off fome provifions, and the peoples' chells, &c. on board the Marten, and in the afternoon fent her to the flage to be rigged. A cloudy morning and evening, but clear and hot in the intermediate time. This morning I countermanded all the powers which I had Friday 18. formerly given to Mr. Jofeph Daubeny, as he refufed to deliver up the original ones; and at two in the afternoon I fent him, Mr. Collingham, and all the refl of the people, except one boy, in the Marten for White-bear River ; where they are to take in the rinds and the two men which were left there, and proceed to Paradife to prepare for the falmon-fifhery. This afternoon William Phippard and his crew arrived from Ivucktoke Bay, on their way to Sandhill Cove. He informed me, that they had killed but twenty-fix beavers, twenty-two martens, fix white-foxes, and three wolverings: that he had feen but two families of Mountaineer Indians, from whom he had gotten twelve martens and an otter. 1 got eight beaver-fkins and three wolverings from him, in balance of a debt, which his late partner John Wrixon had contracted. He had been three weeks from his winter-houfe. He alfo told me, that they met with white-geefe, and another fort of fpruce-game, much larger than the common ones, the cock having a long tail; that they were a fcarce bird, and fo very tame, they would almofl fuffer 3 M 2 them fed ve:» —Ijjj!—1 themfelves to be taken ofT the trees by hand. Thefe, I prefume, June, are the fvvans, and pleafants, faid by Mr. Edis, to be found in Hudions Bay. He faw the ruins of three French fetdements, and found feveral beaver-houfes ; but the place was fo much frequented by Indians, that the crews of beavers were all broken ones. One of the Indians drew him-a chart of that bay, upon birch rind; it is very large, and contains feveral rivers, iflands and fmallerbays. In going down to the ftage this afternoon, I was ftruck by a cold wind in my loins, that brought on a moft fevere lumbago, which at night, was alfo attended by an excruciating fciatica in my left hip, and tormented me dreadfully all night. Saturday iy. Early this morning Phippard failed for Sandhill Cove, but, f. *n**e ky lne wind being contrary, he was not out of the harbour at moderate two in the afternoon. I was very bad all this day, but better in the evening. Dull, moid, raw weather ; fome rain in the day, and much in the night. I had a tolerable night, and was rather better to-day. In the afternoon, I went in the Roebuck with the boy, to the harbour illands, and gathered fixty duck eggs on the fmalleft, and fhot a ranger on the rock near the other. I carried out five traps and hid them in water, as I have done all the reft. Morning and evening foggy with rain, the reft of the day fair. I had but an indifferent night and was very bad all this day ; in the evening I took eight ounces of blood from myfelf, and was rather better immediately after. A fair day with thin haze aloft till the afternoon, it then grew thick and fome fmall fleet fell; exceedingly cold weather. Sunday ro. n. n. e. {{army. Monday 2 1 s. s. e. fr».' noitre the ofHng, but faw nothing moveable there, except a few illands of ice which were not very large; I fhot a duck. Going n. n. w. to bed, I took calomel, Sec. as before. fman' A fine, mild clay till four o'clock, cold after. I had a pretty good night, and this morning I took a dofe of Thurfday p.4. jalap, which operated pretty well, and I was much eafier all calm-day than at any time fmce the attack. At night I put a blifler S' E,jrJ' of three inches diameter under my knee on the outfide of my leg, and took twenty-five drops of laudanum in fome beer. A foggy, moifl day ; fome fmall fliowers of rain in the after- y noon, and in the evening it fet in to rain hard, which continued all night, « I had a very good night, but the blider not riling, fprinklcd Friday 25. the plaifler with frefh cantharides, and in the evening the wThole E.prmy. fkin came off in one piece; my pains were no better all day, and at night I took calomel Sec. as before. Hard rain, with fog all day. I. had. Satunl iy Wind 1 JuT"""1 * *iac^ iU1 extraordinary good night, and have been much June. eafier to-day than at any time hitherto. This morning I took twenty-five grains of jalap, which worked fmartly, and, at night, £ f^ji'- checked it with twenty drops of laudanum. moderate. A thick fog, with continual rain. Sunday ;. I had a good night, and felt little other pain to-day than that of the blifter; and even that was nothing, when lying down. Rain in the morning, and thick fog the reft of the day. Monday 28. After breakfaft I went to the harbour illands for eggs, and got n. e. nttic. feventy-hx on the fmall one, but only one on the other. I took up four of my traps from the eaftern fhore and hid them; then went to Great Ifland, and found the little garden fpots in good condition, confidering the weather. I landed on the pigeon moderate. rocks, and got fome alexander, and a couple of pigeon's eggs on the middlemoft. I was much the fame to-day as ufual, but the pain of the blifler was not quite fo bad. uttie. Thick fog till noon, which then lifted and promifed to clear, but in the evening it became as thick as ever. Tucfd.iy &«. I went to Great Ifland and remained there moft part of the NkV' day, to have various jobs done. I fhot a loon, took a duck's nefl, by the pond near the flagftaff and found a robin's ncft. Thefe birds are fomewhat bigger than a thrufli, are like that bird in fhape, but of a more beautiful plumage. They build the fame fort of neft, but their note is like the blackbird's; then-eggs alfo, of which they feldom lay more than three, are very like thofe of the blackbird's. I had an indifferent night, and was exceedingly bad all day; going out makes me worfe, but I cannot keep at home. Foggy till noon, then clear till the evening, when it grew dull, I had I had a tolerable night, but was very bad again all day. At i——i night I got into a tub, and had warm water poured over my June, loins and lame thigh ; but ncglecding to warm the room, I was wdnef-r3°* ° . Wind obliged to leave off before the operation was properly perform- Ir'fr-ed. I weighed fome eggs to-day, and found thofe of the fad-dleback gull to be four ounces fifteen pennyweights; eider-ducks, from three ounces fix pennyweights to four ounces; and pigeons, two ounces five pennyweights: I alfo weighed fome eider down, and found, that thirty-feven of the little tufts weighed one grain. Thick fog, with moid, raw weather. I had but an indifferent night, yet was much better all day. tlJa&i. At night I had a large tub filled with warm water, and fat in it ******** near half an hour; then went to bed and had an additional blanket laid on, which made me perfpirc moderately. Foggy, moid, raw weather. I had a pretty good night, was better to-day than at any time Friday 2. yet, and my blifter is now healed. After breakfall the boy and s- E- iittlf> I went out a fiihing in the Roebuck, and tried at two places, both with jigger and bait, but caught nothing. We got fix eggs on the fmall ifland at the weft corner of Round Ifland, and found that it makes a fnug, fmall harbour for fhallops, and has been ufed by the Efquimaux for that purpofe. We tried Round Ifland, but faw only the tracks of a fox or two. We landed alfo on White-fox Ifland, where we found great plenty of eggs, but got only twenty-two good ones. A white-bear had lately been there, and plundered the ducks. From the top of White-fox Idand, I obferved a jam of ice to extend from the iflands to the northward of this place, within the Gannets and clofe to the out fide of Black Iflands, which bounded my view to the fouthward; the neareft part of it was about four miles north north-eafl from Long Ifland. f\u\\ A dull, cloudy day, with fog on the tops of the hills; moift, A56 (—A---1 1779. July. and raw weather. Salurcby 3. Wind S. E.Jlotmy. Sunday 4. N. E. little. frejh. little. Monday 5. Ar. E.Jlrong. Tuefday 6. N.Jliong. moderate. little. I had a good night, and was eafy all this day. Very furly, rainy, foggy, cold weather all day. My complaints were much the fame as yefterday. The boy and I launched the fkiff, brought her round into the harbour, and went to the iflands. On the fmall one we got five eggs, and on the large one, twenty-two ; moft of which were pigeons; and we found many nefls newly fcraped out. Fog, with fmall rain all day, except for a few hours in the middle of it, when the fun appeared. Bad weather all day. After breakfaft I walked round the fhore as far as the hill on which the largeft trap was tailed laft fall; from thence, to the flips under 'Fable Hill, then to thofe which were in the wood, to the weftward; two of which (having been gnawed by wolves, or foxes) I left, but brought the other three home. From thence, I went upon high South Barrens, wheeled round the fmall barren hill, and returned over the lower barrens to the fhore again. Obferving that fome black-bears had lately been feveral times about the cooper's houfe, I ordered the boy to take a falmon out of the watering hole, and carry it to that place; but, upon examination, I found that the bears had been about this houfe alfo laft night, and had helped themfelves to the whole, which was almoft three large fifh: wherefore, I immediately, built a bear-houfe, and tailed a gun in it. I then went to White Cove, to fee if they had crofled at that place, and obferved the track of a lafl year's cub. From the hill on the faddle, on my return, I difcovcred an old fhe-bear with two cubs of laft year, in the cove cove by the coopers' houfe ; I accordingly went through the woods to meet them, but they heard me and went off. I ihot ^\y[ a black-duck, which was in full moult, and left the wings for the bears. A cold air all day; it rained till eight this morning, and was cloudy and fair, with fome fun afterwards. I went upon the hill above the houfe to take a view of the Wednef. 7. ice, and obferved, that it was within the eaflern point of Huntingdon Ifland, and clofe to the outer part of Round, and Green Iflands, and alfo to Cape North. In the afternoon 1 took the boy with me to the coopers' houfe ; built another bear-houfe there, and tailed a gun in it: I found that they had been there again fince I diflurbed them lafl night, and had taken the duck's wdngs. The mofchetos bit to-day for the firfl time. I now feel to be perfectly recovered from my late complaints. A clear morning, a cloudy day, and at night, a fmart fhower of rain. Wind calm. S. E. frejh. fmart. moderate. little. Early in the morning I fent the boy to look at the guns, hut-no bears had been near them. After breakfall I look him with me to the ifland for fome od and fait; then crofled the harbour and went to the clilfon the north-eafl fide of Mount Martin, to fee if either foxes, or falcons had bred there this year; but found they had not. I killed an cider-duck and had another in a trap on a rock near the houfe. At ten at night, Mrs. Sclby thought fhe heard the gun fired.at the cooper's houfe. Clear till noon, cloudy after, and in the evening we had a heavy florm of thunder, lightening, and rain. Thurfdjy 8, calm. S. E. moderate. frrf. W. little. calm. After breakfall I took out two flips, and tailed them in Friday9. the path which croffes this neck of land; one for a deer, n. e. and the other for a bear. I then went to the coopers' houfe, Vol. II. 3 N where moderate. 4-A-> where I found the bitch-bear dead, about thirty yards from the July. gun, and great part of her fore-quarters eaten by her cubs. Whilft I was banning her, one of her cubs came out of the wood towards me, at which I fhould have had a good Ihot, had I not tied my dog by the bear-houfe, and left my gun there alfo: for the dog growling, the bear looked at him fome time and then ran away. I tailed the gun afrefh, then went home and fent the boy for the meat. She was an old bead, did not give fuck, and was very poor: as they always are at this time of the year, by ileeping and faffing all the winter. At nine o'clock at night I was alarmed by a rapping at my door; but was foon relieved from my fears, by the appearance of captain Kinloch and nine fervants, which were fome of my old hands. He informed me, that my old fhip, the Countefs of Effingham, was fafe at an anchor in North Harbour, wdth all the fait and mofl of the other goods, which the Minerva's people had carried away in her. She had been retaken on her palfage to Bofton by five of the crew which had been put on board at this place to conduct her thither; three of whom had entered from me, and two from Noble and Pinfon. They carried her into Dartmouth, where Ihe was delivered up to my agent. She failed from thence to Waterford, in the beginning of June; and from thence came hither. Kinloch had met with a deal of ice near the land, and had got through it with much difficulty, and the lofs of the fhip's head. I gave them plenty of boiled bear for fupper, but fome of the new hands were fo nice, that they would not cat it. A wet fog till two o'clock, but dull and cold afterwards. I fet three men to trim the Nonfuch fkiff, and taking four hands in the Roebuck, landed at the illhmus; where I looked for, and found the trap which had been carried away from the flips, where the two hinds were caught. I then walked acrofs with Saturday 10. Wind N. E. Jrejk. with captain Kinloch, to North Harbour, and went on board r— the fhip; in the evening I returned home. July-Dull till noon, and cloudy afterwards. Takfrrg four hands in the Roebuck, I went to the fealing-tilt, Slindl>' ll-from whence I brought every thing, except the fkiff. I looked s^freft. at the Caplin, and found her keel was fo much bent, under her dillroom, that the heel of it touched the ground, occalioned by no block being placed abaft that part, and by the prodigious weight of fnow which had been upon her all the winter. Foggy weather. Early this morning I fent four hands to repair the flage; at Mmfay 12. ten o'clock I called them off and fent all hands to trim the Squir- N- 0«k rel; they nearly finifhed one fide of her by night. At five in the afternoon, James Gready, and his two hands returned from Charles Harbour in a fealing-fkiff of mine. Fie brought me feveral letters, fuch goods from Charles Harbour as he could Row, and the large trap from North Point. He informed me, that the Otter was left lafl fall in Temple Bay, and was modtrau-ruined by not being properly thwarted, blocked, and fhorcd up; that, a fmall American privateer of four guns had gone into Twdlingate this fpring, and there taken a veflel, laden with old fifh, belonging to Mr. Slade of Poole, and had given all the goods which were in his ftores, tp the poor inhabitants of the place; that from thence Ihe had come to Battle Harbour on this coaft, and had taken a floop of Mr, Slade's, with about twenty-two tuns of feals' oil on board, and dellroyed his goods there: that a good many feals had been killed on this fide of Chateau; but that moft of the pofts within the flreights had lofl the greatefl part of their nets, and killed very few feals. That at my port in Charles Harbour, any number might have been killed ; they were in fuch plenty. That every body on 3 N 2 this fr 1779. m which were by the fmall back cove, were carried down to the Ttorf&y *s« Uage ma fkiff Dirty, foggy, rainy weather all day; dull and fair in the evening. Friday 16. S. W. tittk. calm, rnodera'r. s. s. w. Y?Z got in the Beaver's malls, partly rigged her, and loaded her with fait in tierces, provifions, and hoops. Some hands were at work on the flage. I removed all the people to the ifland. A clear, fine day. Early this morning, the people finifhed rigging the Beaver, Saturday 17 and at feven o'clock, I failed in her for Paradife ; taking five mderatt. fpare hands to complete the crew there. Wc kept on the cafl fide of Huntingdon Illand, went up the channel of the Flats, through Sandwich Tickle, and fpent the night under fail in the bay. A fine day. « At day-break we came to an anchor at Cooper's Cove, to wait SllllA along it to the fouth-weft corner. I faw the flot of feveral deer, and the tracks of one white-bear, one black one, and many foxes. At fix o'clock we got under weigh, and worked during the flood ; at high water we anchored about two miles above Red Ifland. At three in the afternoon the wind coming fair, we weighed and ran up as high as the fouth point of Drunken mat* Cove, where we came to an anchor for want of wind, and I went to Paradife in the fkiff. I immediately fent the people back to track up the fhallop, which they did by ten o'clock at night. I found here, about three hundred and fifty tierces of fifh on fhore;. t——> fhore; all the cafks and all the houfes were full, by reafon of 1779* jllly> fo much old fifh ; all the fait was expended, and moft of the mid calm, nets were taken up. Fifh were ft ill in prodigious plenty; a new falmon-houfe of ninety feet by twenty was built, and all the rinds were brought to this place. Only ten nets were put out at firft, and in a few days the fifh were in fuch abundance, that the people were obliged to take four of them up again ; and when they had taken up fome of thofe yefterday, having neither fait or cafks to cure more fifli, they were killing thirty-ty-five tierces, or feven hundred and fifty fifh a day, and might have killed more, with more nets. Six hundred and fifty-five fifii were killed to day. Clear fine weather, Monday i9. yye unloaded the Beaver, and knocked down her bulkhcad-ing. Two more nets were taken up, and we killed three hundred fifh. In the morning, a deer was feen at the back of the houfes, and in the evening, I fhot at a fmall black bear and dropped him on the fpot; but he foon recovered fufficiently to crawl into the woods and got away. Tero tailed a gun for a bear, and at nine o'clock an old he one, fhot himfelf with it. A clear hot day. tuefday 20. Finding that I had already as much falmon on fhore as I knew . rtmg. wnat tQ ^Q wjtj^ an(j more than the fhip could carry away, I had all the nets taken up, except an old one, and there were two hundred fifli in them. Had I not received the unforuuate vifit from the Americans lafl year, I fhould now have had every ncceflary in the greateft abundance at this place, and am fure that I fhould have killed above a thoufand tierces of fifh at this pofl alone. The bear was fkinned, the quarters of which weighed a hundred and twenty pounds; it was but poor, though thriving.- Thick fog, with rain all day, and fair in the evening, A DIARY moderate. THE FOURTH VOYAGE. A DIARY of thj£ SALMON-FISHERY. No. of Salmon. Day. No. of Salmon. Day, No. of Salmon. _ No. of Day. Salmon. June. brought forward, ^q' brought Forw. ^ broughtforw. 9026 24, 26, 2 4 4 6 July 1, 2, 3> lOO 340 July 8, 9> 10, 1020 75° 300 July 15, 660 16, 800 *7> 755 27, 28, 6 5 4. Si 554 785 12, S*5 66b 18, 655 19, 300 29, 3 6, 1000 20, 200 6 7* 1000 *4> 75° Total, 36 Total, 4161 Total, 9026 Total, 12396 The fifh were about fifteen pounds weight each, upon an average, and filled three hundred and ninety tierces of forty-two gallons. Had I not been vifited by the privateer lafl year, I ihouLd have kept my nets out during the whole of the feafon; and, from the length of time that I afterwards found the falmon continued to run up the river, am confident I fhould have killed upwards of thirty-two thoufand fifh ; which would have produced a. thoufand tierces. I ordered Mr. Daubeny and the three fhoremen down to the flage, and to take all the fpare rinds in the Marten. I took Mr. Collingham with me in the Beaver, and at feven o'clock we came to fail. Being near Duck Ifland, I landed oppofite to it, and walked along fhore to the mouth of the fmall brook, which empties itfelf into the fouth fide of Eaflern Arm in Sandwich Bay, and the fhallop came to an anchor off it. The people then landed, and cut three good fpars and fome rafters. Good paths of bears and foxes run along this fhore, and it is much Wind little. much ufed by geefe at certain times. I picked up above fix July, fcore of excellent quills, which had dropped from their wings in the late moulting feafon, at which time they are in their prime; thefe quills are fold in London for two (hillings a fcore. At night, the Marten came to an anchor about two miles fliort of us. A dull, cold day. Thurfday »*, At day-light I lent the hands from both boats to haul out F" freA' the {pars and rafters, and tow them along fide, wrhen we took in the former, but call the latter adrift. They faw a black-bear by the fide of the brook. At nine o'clock, both boats got under weigh and worked down the bay ; in the afternoon we anchored off the lower part of the north fhore and hauled a good fpar out of the wroods, for the Marten to take on board; we then failed again, and at ten at night, anchored in Crofs Road. A foggy, cold day. moderate. little calm and' tight airs. We got under weigh at four o'clock this morning, and towed Friday 23. lJ tJ 0 downwards; we foon after faw a bitch-wolf, with four fmall cubs at her heels, running along the fhore between Muddy Bay variable and the narrows. I landed a head of them with my double-bar- all day. rel and rifle, and fhould have given a pretty good account of them, had they not turned into the woods. In Laar Cove s. e. lime, we faw a black-bear with one fmall cub; off Venifon Head wc caught feven codfifh; and at ten at night, arrived at the flage. A clear day. ■ , At three this morning, we got the fhallop to tfjeftajje head, Saturday 84. 0 0 A 0 * a. little. and unloaded her, and at eight I went home. At the fame time, the Marten arrived and was immediately unloaded. A fkiil had been out three times fince I went away, to try for fifh filh, but met with none until yefterday, when fhe brought in <— .. 1779. about a quintal caught with jiggers, and found tolerable plenty. juu This morning the fhip's two boats came up here, when I Sunday 25. loaded them with houfehold furniture, Sec. and at noon, re- Nl^nifu!( moved with my family to Great Ifland for the fummer. This morning a hind and calf fwam over from Venifon Head, and landed clofe to my houfe on Great Ifland ; but, upon feeing the people, they immediately took the water again and made off. Four hands purfued them in a fkiff, killed the hind, and caught the calf alive : they bound its legs, and kept it fo till my arrival, when I had a crib made for it at ihe end of my $>5 E houfe. It appeared not to be very timorous nor wild, but feemed much diftreffed for want of its dam and her milk, for it ate white mofs, and other things out of my hand, and fucked the ends of my handkerchief mofl eagerly ; fuffering me to flroke it all the time. It was very quiet whenever I was with it, but grunted mceffantly, and tried to get out when it was left alone. A cloudy day. The roof of the falt-houfe was frefh covered with new rinds. Monday 26. Some goods were landed out pi the ihip. Gready fitted the ^0'dfZ'tr-Marten for fea. We made three or four hauls for baits, by the M flage, but took only a very few lance, and fix caplin. I fent two boats to my winter-houfe for fome more furniture. A cloudy, cold day. unit* S. S. E. moderate. James Gready and his crew went to ha in the Marten ; they Tuc% %? returned at night with only one quintal and a half. The mate of the fliip and his crew, were employed in fitting the Squirrel for fea. I fent the Lance baitfkiff to White Cove and the iflands to the north-eafl, but fhe could not find any baits. At noon, two 3 O men '—J"^-1 men from Sandhill Cove came here to pay their debts; they july] crolfed the ifthmus from North Flarbour. They brought a few beavers' prides to fell, and informed me, that they had killed two hundred and forty tierces of falmon at that windfrrjii. p]acCj anc] fixty at Black-bear Bay ; and fhould have killed much more at the former, if they had had fait to cure them with. Wednef. s8, I ferit the Marten and Lance to the fouthward for baits, and the Squirrel a fifhing; die returned in the evening with five n.w.peng. quintals. Captain Kinloch was making a foremaft for the Beaver. A fkiff load of clay was brought from the head of Blackguard Bay. The Sandhill Cove people returned home. A foggy, moid day, and it rained hard all night. Thurfdaj ?i> [ |1C Squin el could not go out to-day, nor could much work w. jiomy. ke (jonc on {nolV} as it blew very hard, with continual fog and rain, and the weather was very cold. Friday 30. Kinloch having got up the Beavers new mafl, rigged her, a', e. frejh. completed her ballad, and put fome hoops into her. I ordered the men to build a new chimney, for my little kitchen, with clay and hay on laths, but they could not finifh it for want of a fufficiency of materials. The Squirrel brought in twelve quintals of fifh and found them plentiful. Yefterday I led the deer-calf ont in a halter, when it fed very greedily, but made fome few attempts for its liberty. This day it followed me loofe, in the fame manner as if I had been its dam. A foggy morning; the red of the day clear and mild. Saturday 31. I fent the Beaver to the coopers'houfe for empty tierces, moderate anc* me t0°k m nmetv- A large jam of ice appeared to the northward of this place. In the evening both boats came in ; the moderate. little. the Squirrel had three quintals of fifh, but the Marten only one and a half. She left the baitfkiff at Sandhill Cove this morning, but fhe had got no baits, nor did the Marten meet with any fifli in "Fable Bay. The people faw a hind and calf on the largefl Black Ifland to-day, as they came pad it, A cloudy day. *779- Wind variable. At ten this morning the Lance returned without any other baits than thirty-three young gulls and three old ducks, which they got upon the Sillers. At noon we hauled ten buckets of good lance by the flage. At the fame time captain Kinloch failed in the Beaver for Paradife. In the afternoon John Mac Carthy having behaved very ill, and, as I was going to give him a ftroke with a dick, he railed a hatchet at me, and took an oath upon a book (which I believe was a prayer-book} that he would cleave me or any other man down, who fhould offer to go near him. He made feveral efforts to chop at me, and fome of my fervants, who attempted to take him, and then ran off to the other end of the ifland. At night he went into the cook-room, where one of the people took the hatchet from him, but he abfeonded again. Rainy morning; clear and very hot after. The boats brought in twenty-fix quintals of fmall fifh. The fhoremen covered in the flage head, frefh hung the window-leaves, and did other work. No baits to be had. Mac Carthy fpoke to one of the people to-day; he afked provifions of him, but refufed to deliver himfelf up: Daubeny, Collingham, and I watched him till midnight, but he did not come to the houfes. A cloudy day, with fmall fhowers. AtJguR. Sunday t. calm, S. E. moderate.. Monday a, N. W. moderate* Early Wivd little and variable. IV. moderate, Early this morning fome curlews appeared, and Mr. Colling-AtM&L mut onc °f them. We opened the pile of old fifh and re- Tuefday 3. packed fome of it; a good deal feemed to be daniaged, by the damp of the fods, fince it was opened lad. In the evening I fent the baitfkiff to put two old falmon-nets upon Tinker Iiland, and bring home thofe which had been left there laft f ummer: they were full of birds j fome frefh and many rotten. The boats brought in but one quintal of fifh to-day. Mac Carthy was feen by the baitfkiff's crew at the other end of the ifland, and Daubeny, Collingham, and I watched till midnight for him, but he did not appear. A very fine day, with a few drops of rain at times. Waincf. 4. At four this morning, it was difcovered, that Mac Carthy had taken the fcaling-fkiff from the flage head, and got off" the iiland. As I imagined he would go to my winter-houfe and break it open for provifions, I fent Mr. Collingham there ; who brought away what were left open, and tailed the large trap at the door: but learning afterwards that he had flolen provifions out of the Marten, I fuppofc he went for Sandhill Cove ; but do not think he would eafily reach that place, as it is a great di dance round by the fhore to it. At ten o'clock, captain Kinloch returned from Paradife, and informed me that, on Monday lafl, it blew fo hard in Sandwich Bay, as to oblige him to cut away the fhip's yawl, which he had in tow; in con-fequence of which, he had loll her. Tero, he told me, had killed another black-bear and alfo a white one with his tailed gun, fince I came from thence; Kinloch and all the people faw the uuie and latter go up to the gun and Oioot herfelf. We re-packed a great part of the old fifh, which was good, and fpread the refl. With my glafs, I difcovered the fealing-fkiff, lying upon the fouth-eafl fhore, and fent for her. 'Fhe boats brought in only four quintals of frefh. variable. of fifh to-day ; occafioned by the ice hanging upon this part *—jjjjj of the coaft fo.long, that the water is chilled fo much, that Auguii. few filh will come into it. A large jam is now clofe without ■ Long Iiland. A very fine day, with fome fmall fhowers in the evening. I fent captain Kinloch and two of his failors to my winter- Tburfdiys. houfe, to take off che roof and lower it. He returned in the evening and brought Mac Carthy with him ; who came to him at the houfe, and delivered himfelf up. In my opinion, he went there to rob it; not expecting to find any perfon at it. He faid that he intended going to Sandhill Cove, but having croffed Table Bay Brook, and not knowing how far the cove was off, he tied his provifions (which were wrapped up in a dirty fhirt) to a tree, and then went forward to try if he could difcover the place, but without fuccefs. On his return, finding his provifions were gone, he fuppofed they had been carried off by a bear ; but I am of opinion, he was mi (taken and could not find the place again. I fent the Lance to Tinker Illand, to clear the nets and put out two more ; they had fixty tinkers, and gave them to the boats. We re-packed the remainder of the old fifli, which we found not near fo bad as was expected. The boats brought in twelve quintals of good fdh. The ice is drawn olf to the cafhvard, but there is much fcattered fluff to the north-eafl. Both morning and evening were cloudy and cold ; the refl of the day was clear and hot. Early in the morning I lent the Lance to linker Idand, and Ihe brought a hundred and forty-two tinkers. We heaved part of the fifh that was re-packed lafl; but were obliv d to faggot it upon the flakesimmediatcly, on account of rain coming on. The boats brought in twenty-four quintals of fffh\ In the Friday 6. IV. N. IV. moderate.- __x 1779 Wind S. E. Utile calm. the afternoon I gave Mac Carthy t wen ty-f even lathes with a fmall dog-whip on his bare back, and intended to have made up the number thirty-nine; but as he then fainted, I flopped and releafed him ; when he thanked me on his knees for my lenity, and acknowledged, that he not only deferved the punifh-ment, but expe&ed that I fhould have dogged him nearly to death. And as I had the pleafure to obferve, that all my people expreHed thcmfelvcs welt pleafed with what I had done, I therefore hope to have no more occafion, to be reduced to the painful ncceility of inflicting corporal punifhment as an example to the refl. A flaarp frod this morning, a cloudy day, and moid evening. 7' We heaved fuch of the old fifh as were damp, and after- N. W. frejh. . f * wards piled them on the top of the refl. A bulk of fifh was wafhed out. The boats brought in thirty-one quintals. n. utile. The fore part of this day hazy, the latter cloudy, with a fmart fhower in the evening. Sunday 8. In the evening, hauling the feine by the ftage, we took near NprmyW' tw0 buckets of caplin and a few lance. N %g Rain, fog, and cold, bad weather till four o'clock ; mild and moderate. ciear afterwards. little* Monday 9. jn £ne morning wc hauled the feine by the ftage, but got nothing. After breakfaft I fent Mr. Daubeny in the Lance to Tinker Ifiand; but there was too much fea for him to land. By the way he landed me on Long Ifland, and took me off on his 5. e. return. In the mean time I killed three large leverets and an old faddleback, and found three young ones; they all threw up freih caplin, and I faw a pigeon bring one up, but they mufl be only fome fcattercd ones, as we could find none. In the afternoon I fent the fkiff to White Cove, where they hauled twelve moderate. little. twelve buckets of pin-lance (young ones.J The boats brought 1 ^— in only four quintals of filh. Auguft. A frofly, foggy morning, and a hot fine day. We got fome more clay for the kitchen chimney, and had a Tue% 10. little of it done. Mr. Daubeny went in the Lance to Tinker w.jrejk. Ifland, and brought a hundred and fixty-two tinkers out of the nets. I faw abundance of lance by the flage. -The boats brought in only three quintals and a half; fifh being very fcarce. I faw but one flock of curlews to-day; I believe there arc not many this feafon, on account of the fcarcity of berries. A clear, hot day till two o'clock; it then overcaft and thundered, and at five o'clock came on to rain. modern!'. little. E. N. E. moderate. Jlrong. I fent the boats to Cape North, in hopes that fifli were more Wednef. u, plentiful there; but they had no better fuccefs than yeflerday. N-frs* feven in the evening ; the remainder of the night was fpent in taking on board fome empty cafks and other things I found remaining there. As John Bafkem had taken poffeffion of this place, cut up feveral of my cafks, and done me other injuries, I had determined to turn him, his family, and goods out of my houfes and to feize his fifh for fatisfaclion: but he not being at home, and obferving that neither his wife nor children had a fhoe to their feet, and were in the utmoft poverty and diflrcfs, my rcfentment was turned into pity, and I accordingly made him a prefent, by a written deed of gift, of my houfes and all my intercfl in that place and Deer Harbour, which is an appendage to it, and alfo of what falmon-racks and cribs I had at Charles Harbour. A hazy day ; fqually in the evening. We failed at four this morning, and at fix anchored in Charles Tuefday t4t Harbour, where I found all my houfes fhut up, and nothing N- w- /"J*-miffing of what had been left this fpring. I made but a fhort flay beptember. Wind calm. Wednef. 15, W. frejh. moderate. E. calm. a'. Jlormy. Thurfday t6. N. Jrejk. Friday 17; W, moderate. little. flay there, and then crofled the harbour to Mr. Seydes' room; from thence to Mr. Thomas1 at Cape Charles, and then failed for Chateau : at ten at night we anchored in Henly Harbour. We faw a boat come acrofs ihe Srreights in the evening and go into Seal Tickle. At eight this morning I failed for Temple Bay, where I arrived at ten, and being informed, that, on Saturday laft, a boat's crew belonging to that place had feen a flout fhip come within Belle Ifle and proceed along fhore to the northward, accompanied by a fmall fchooner and a fhallop, I concluded it was another privateer going to pay me a fecond vifit. I therefore failed immediately for Spear Harbour to inform captain Drury; but the wind failing in the evening, we put into Cape Charles Harbour. A cloudy day, and flormy night, with much rain. At eight this morning we came to fail, and worked to windward all day, but could not gain an inch; we therefore anchored at night in Charles Harbour. I fhot a pigeon and a falcon. A clear, cold day, but fine night. We failed from Charles Harbour at four this morning, and at noon arrived in Spear Harbour; when I waited on captain Drury, informed him of what I had heard, requefted he would go immediately to Ifthmus Bay in fearch of the faid fhip, and offered my fervices as pilot: he immediately unmoored, but afterwards faid, that he could not do it unlefs he was certain flie was there. He dcfired Mr. Coghlan's agent would immediately fend a boat to fee: one was accordingly prepared, and failed in the evening; but not being able to work round Point Spear, put back again. George March, Mr. Thomas' agent, arrived foon after me, with information, that the fchooner privateer privateer had failed from Quirpon for White Bay, in quell of <--^—> two veffels belonging to Mr. Tory. A boat laden with falmon, September, which failed from this place on Saturday, returned yeflerday ; having been taken by the above privateer, and difcharged without taking any thing out of her, except one tow-line, for which they returned a worfe. I fent my boat back for St. Lewis's Bay, and remained on board the Cygnet; to be ready to pilot her to the northward. I was then informed that captain Drury and his officers turned up their nofes at my black-bear, and would not eat any of it; but, on being prefented fince with a piece of an old, bitch white-bear, which he was told was venifon, he had invited all his officers to partake of it, and they eat mofl heartily ; praifing it for the befl venifon they had ever tafled. Black-bear at this time of the year is fweet, good eating; but the white ones have a rank, feal-oily tafle at all times, yet, fuch was the force of prejudice! A cloudy day. The boat for Iflhmus Bay made fome attempts to get to fea, Saturday iS. but could not; as there was but very little wind, and a great fwell rolled into the harbour. A cloudy, cold day. Wivd S. E. little. N. E. little. We had dirty, ftormy weather from the north-eafl for thefe two days pad, which caufed a great fea to tumble into the mouth of the harbour. Lieutenant Nunn of the Cygnet and I took a walk, about half way to Petty Harbour, a fhooting; we faw the track of a large black-bcar, but killed nothing. Monday 20. N. E. Tuefday 21, N. /V. E. mod* rate. This morning the boat for Ifthmus Bay failed, as did alfo Welr*r.i», two boats for St. John's in Newfoundland. A cloudy day. IV'/if* Aher t—--1 *779- September. Thurfday 23. Wind N. E. frejh. Friday 24. S. IV. moderate. Saturday 25. S. W. little. Alter breakfall, captain Drury and a party of us went a pleafuring; we walked acrofs the narrow ilthmus, which fepa-rates this from Sophia Harbour, and there took a boat and rowed to the mouth of a fmall brook, were we landed, Lieutenant Nunn and I then walked over the hills to the weftward; and near the head of Charlotte Ilarbour, we faw a brace of old Hags and a young one ; but they moved off before we could get near them, The country all thereabout is very good for deer; there are fome good paths, and we faw plenty of frefh flot. The captain and his party fdhed for trout in a fmall pond, and kdlcd a good difh of them. A hazy, cloudy, cold day, with fog on the tops of the hills at times, After breakfaft, captain Drury an a party of us went again to Sophia Harbour, when the Lieutenant and I after landing the reft where they were yefterday, went on to the head of Charlotte Flarbour; we landed there and walked to the place where we faw the deer yeflerday, but had not the luck to meet with any. We obferved that the paths had been much ufed lately both ways. We all got back at night, and found my boat returned, laden with faltcafks and boards. A very hot day, one of the fineft we have had this year. On a promife from Mr. Forfythc, (Mr. Coghlan's agent) that he would lend me fome provifions and other things which I wanted, if I would lend him fome fait, as he had none to pack their falmon wdth, I now landed and lent him eleven hogfheads. At noon two boats belonging to Mr. Slade, paffed by for the northward, and from them we learnt, that the fchooner privateer, mentioned before, had burnt both Mr. Tory's veffels in White Bay, and had failed from thence to the fouthward. At five in the evening, I failed for Ifthmus Bay, and was was at fea all night, with very little wind and a confufed fwell. A cloudy, mild day. 1779. September. little. W. moderate. At day-break we were off the middle of Hawke Iiland, and unday 26. at eleven o'clock, came to anchor among the Seal Idands to fix a new main-peak block, the other having (lipped out of the ilrap. While that was doing, I landed on a fmall illand clofe by, to try for a crofs-fox, which my people had feen there in the fpring, but could not find him. At twelve we failed again, but the wind taking us ahead foon after we got through thofe iflands, we bore up and ran into Punchbowl Flarbour ; where we an- tkiit*' chored at five in the afternoon. I immediately rowed round the harbour and found it to be a very good one for fmall veffels ; n. e. frejh. but there is only a linall part of it deep enough for them to anchor in; the refl being fhoaly, mud-banks. nttie. Morning and evening very foggy, the refl of the day cloudy, ca(ftu with fun at intervals. We could not move till eight this morning for want of wind, Monday 27. and then we failed in a fog fo thick, that it was with the utmofl 5- derate. difficulty we found our way through the narrow channels, which are made by the different iflands lying in our way to $, s. e. Iglo Harbour in the Ifle of Ponds, where wc anchored at ten fr^1' o'clock, after being twice near running on fhore. On examining this harbour, I found it to be very fafe for boats ; but veffels of fmall burden only can make ufe of it; and they mufl moor head and Hern, for there is fcarcely room to fwing : but as all winds mufl blow right through, they may do that with fafety, for it runs flraight, fouth by well and north by eafl by compafs, and the hills are high on each fide. At the upper end is a flat marfh, and it is not far acrofs to Devil's Cove. On the fouth fide are the ruins of two Efquimau winter-houfes; where we faw the Vol. II. 3 R fculls s. —^— 1779- September. Wind Jlrong. Tuefday 28, S. moderate. little. W. moderate. f'f>. Wednef. 29. N. W. frejh. a odcr ate. Thurfday 30. little and varialle. ft £. fmart. fculls of fome deer and bears which they had killed. It mufl be a very good place for a couple of hands to winter in, to kill deer, white-bears, wolves, foxes, and ducks; and they may kill a few feals at the mouth of it; but there is no firewood within feveral leagues. I killed two ducks, a lady, and a pigeon. The fog did not clear away till four in the afternoon, when we failed for Indian Tickle, and anchored there a quarter before fix ; at which time the fog returned as thick as ever. A foggy, modi day, and a very dark night. At half after four this morning we came to fail in a very thick fog; at eight it lifted, when we found ourfelves between Collingham, and Halfway Ifland; at nine the fky cleared; at twelve we doubled Cape North, and at five in the evening we came to an anchor off the flage head; when I had the pleafure to hear, that no veflel had been feen from hence. Mr. Coghlan's boat arrived lafl night, and, at one this morning fhe failed for Paradife. Thick fog till near nine this morning; clear afterwards. I fent Martin and another man to fit up the houfe for them-felves, which the crew lived in lafl winter, where they are to re-fldc in the next. I went myfelf to look at my winter-houfe, liked the alterations which had been made, and found fome very flourifhing turnips growing, where I had carelefsly flung fome feed in the fpring. I landed a few things out of the Beaver, and at two o'clock fent M,r. Collingham in her to Paradife. A clear, line day, but cloudy in the evening. After breakfall I went to Green Ifland, where I faw a white-fox, and killed a pair of lords-, in the mean time the fkiff tried for filh, but caught none. I obferved that a white-bear had been fifhing at the eafl point of it fometime in the fummer, and had had killed feveral codfifh, the fkeletons of which he left there. The fmith's fhop was pulled down. A dull, moiil day. After breakfaft I took one man with me in a fkiff, and landed Martin and another hand at my winter-houfe. I then went to the head of the harbour, left the fkiff there, and walked back to my houfe, where I took boat again for Great Ifland. I tailed a couple of flips where I caught the two hinds laft fall; one where I caught the brocket, two in the wood to the weftward of it, and one at the path-end between the two winter-houfes; but could not obferve, that the paths had as yet been much ufed. I alfo tailed a trap for an otter by the pond on the ifthmus, one for a fox in a path by the fhoaly ponds, found a white-fox in a trap which Mr. Collingham put out, and fhot a black-duck but did not get it. I had the fides of the ftage, over the two outer beams, pulled down, and the fplitting-table and outer falt-trough taken up. A clear morning, and a cloudy, frofly day. Part of the ftage head was uncovered. Mr. Daubeny went round his traps ; he had a filver-fox, and fhot a fpruce-game. At four in the afternoon Mr. Coghlan's fhallop returned and brought me a letter, advifing me, that the fhip would fail from thence in a few days, and that Mrs. Selby's child died on the fixteenth of laft month. This morning the Mealy Mountains were covered with frelh fnow. It froze fharply all day, we had fome hail about noon, and in the evening it fnowed hard until the ground was covered about two inches thick. After taking a walk to the other end of this ifiand, I delivered to Mr. Coghlan's people forty-three hogfheads of fait, 3 R 2 wanting 1779. September. Oaober. Friday 1. Wind X. W. fmart. Saturday 2. N. W. frejh. E. N. E. moderate. e. Sunday 3. '779-Oaober. Monday 4. S. W. moderate. n. e. nwdtrate. frejh. for my. Tuefday 5, N. W.frtjh. ■moderate. W. little. Wednef. 6. N. W. moderate. wanting nine gallons: I wrote fome letters, and gave them to the boatfmalter, to carry to Spear Harbour. This morning it froze fharply, and the ground was covered with fnow ; the day proved cloudy j the fun mining at intervals, and the evening was mild \ at which time all the fnow was gone, except in a few fmall fpots. At two o'clock this afternoon, Mr. Coghlan's boat failed for Sandhill Cove. The weather proved fo bad to-day, that I could get no work done: it fnowed in the morning in large flakes, afterwards turned to fleet with mild weather, and in the evening and mofl part of the night, it blew an exceffive hard gale of wind. I croffed the harbour in a fkiff, vifited all my flips and traps, except two of the former, and killed a fpruce-game. When at the far end of my walk, I was taken fo ill, that it was with difficulty I got back. The fkiff carried fome rinds to Martin's winter-houfe; which he, with the afliftanceof three men, covered in by night. Mr. Daubeny went round his traps ; one of which was gone, and he could not find it. At night, Mr. Collingham returned in the Beaver, and brought Tero's furs and traps from White-bear River; he rode out the gale lafl night in Crofs Road, which is an excellent place. A fharp frofl all day, and cloudy wdth fun at intervals. I h \d the remainder of the flage head uncovered. Mr. Collingham went in the Beaver to my winter-houfe for fuch provifions and other things as were to go to Paradife ; he returned in the evening, and brought a filver-fox out of one of his traps ; Martin and the other man returned with him. A cloudy, mild day, which melted much of the fnow. This intderatc. N. e. little, calm. This morning, the Beaver took in the rinds, and at eleven o'clock, Mr. Collingham failed in her for Paradife, but the wind oa0bcr. dying away he put back. I fent Martin to remain at his winter- Thur% 7 houfe, and two other men to Hay fome days with him. Mr. a\wa"V. Daubeny went over with them to vifit his traps : he found that which was loft, with a yellew-fox in it, had a crofs-fox in another, and returned in the fkiff by himfelf. A fine, mild day; all the fnow is gone. A great fea rolled " in this afternoon. The Caplin was put into water, towed to the place where the Friday 8. Beaver lay laft winter, and there laid on fhore. Mr. Daubeny Zod!iau! vifited my flips and traps; he faw all but one of each, but nothing was in them. Clear, fine, mild weather. After breakfaft I went with all hands, and thwarted the Cap- Saturday 9. lin upon the bank for the winter; launched the new fkiff which lay under the high hill, and hauled her up aftern of the Caplin ; then went to my winter-houfe and hauled the Lance into the woods. At two o'clock Mr. Collingham failed for Paradife. In the evening Martin and his crew returned and informed me, that they had cut timber enough to make a deer-pound. The old feal-nets were put into the ftore-houfe. A cloudy, mild day, with much fun. At ten o'clock, Mr. Daubeny and I went up South-eaft Cove, Sunday to. in a fkiff with two hands, and walked from thence to the place S' w where I had the fartheft deertrap lafl year. When we got upon the top o f that hill, we faw a fhallop coming acrofs Table Bay, from Indian Tickle for Cape North ; and on our return, the Counters of Effingham worked into Blackguard Bay. We tailed a trap for an otter in the path where I had two laft year, and. E. N. E. moderate. ——i and law the frefh flot of fome good deer. We got home at five odoi>cr. o'clock, and at fix, the fhip anchored in Blackguard Bay. The fhallop arrived at the flage head, when I found that fhe belonged to five men who lived with one of Mr. Tory's planters in White Bay, who, having failed through the depredations committed there by the American privateer, had given her to thefe people for the wages which were due to them, and they were come here to offer their ferviccs to me, and had brought along with them John Long (who lately lived with Mr. Seydes) and nine other men whom he had hired for me. The White Bay people informed me, that the aforefaid privateer was refilled by the fervants of Mr. Tory, and that a fharp action enfued, in which the privateer had half her men killed and wounded, and was beat off, but that fhe afterwards went to the place where Tory's two veffels lay, and burnt them, becaufe fhe could not carry them away. She then failed to Cape Freehels, where fhe lay at anchor fome days, and funk feveral fifhing boats. From thence fhe went back to Twillingate; near which place, by the affiflance of one of Mr. Slades' people, fhe found and took a veffel of his, which was laden with dry fifh. They alfo told me, that a veffel of Noble and Pinfon's had arrived at Temple Bay from St. John's, and had brought an order for the Cygnet to return to that place immediately. A cloudy, mild day. Monday ii. Early this morning the fhip got under weigh and worked Wind into the harbour, where fhe came to an anchor in her birth and s. moderate, j jj thc peopic who came round here in the fhallop. Had the Squirrel brought down the harbour in order to fhip off the dry fifh on board the fhip. All hands got very w.s. w. drun]i) as is cuflomary at thefe times. A fine day. The fhip got ready to receive fifh. I made an auction of a few fmall things, and they fold moft amazingly high. No work could be done to-day, becaufe the people were all drunk. A delightful day. l779-October. Tuefday l ?.. Wind w. N. W. moderate* little. At nine this morning I lent all the new hands off for Para- Wednef. 13. dife, and one of my old fervants along with them for a pilot. A dark, rainy, foggy, mild day. I had the Roebuck, and the provifions which were in her, Thurfday 14. brought from the other end of the ifland, fhe had been left Jm*>-there, that I might fend advice to Paradife, in cafe of being taken again. After breakfaft I fent Mr. Daubeny and five hands in her to my winter-houfe, to take an account of the things which were there, and to flow them properly for the winter; he did fo, and returned in the evening. Much fuch a day as yeflerday, but very cold, with fome fnow. 1 fhipped olf a hundred and thirty quintals of the old fifli. After breakfall I went in the Roebuck to the head of the harbour by myfelf, left her there and vifited all my flips and traps. A flout flag or two had been near thofe flips where the two hinds were caught lail year, and I had an otter and a yellow-fox in my traps. I took a fpruce-game out of one of Collingham s, and beheaded a brace more with my rifle. I faw feveral large flocks of ducks flying to the fouthward. This was a very fine day throughout. At feven this morning, Mr. Collingham and all the old hands came down from Paradife; having packed the laft of the falmon. The whole of this year's fifh amounted to three hundred and ninety tierces. I lhipped off two hundred and ten quintals of dry Frid.iy 15. N.frejh. moderate, (aim. Saturday 16. W. rV. W. moderate,. little. •779-Octobei in,,d N. //'. tittle. Sunday 17. S. moderate. S. S. E. frejh. Monday 18. E.freJIu dry fifh; the old turned out two hundred and eighty-fcvctt quintals of merchantable fifli. In the evening Mr. Daubeny went round his traps; he had a crofs-fox, and fhot a fpruce-game; a black-bear had been in his walk fince he was there laft. This proved a good, hard, cloudy day. I went in a fkiff with five hands to Curlew Harbour, and while the people were bringing down the large traps, took a walk towards Cape North; I killed a hare and a pair of ducks, and found an excellent otter-path leading acrofs the neck to Mad Cove, but faw very little fign of deer. A cloudy, foggy, raw day. Taking Martin and two hands with me this morning, I went to his winter-houfe in a fkiff, and from thence walked along the deathfall path which he had lately cut from thence to Narrow Marfh; at the weft end of which, I fet them to work to erect, a pound of my own invention, for catching any number of deer alive.* I flayed with them until they had finifhed the entrance, which was the only difficult part, then marking out the fize, left them to complete it, and returned through the marfhes * I am certain, that the above direr-pound would have anfvvered my expectation, and caught great numbers of deer, had it been properly executed: for, I have fince been informed, that, foon after I failed, a brace of deer went in and could not get out again, aJthough they had been confined fome days before the people met with them ; but on taking fright at them, they ran with fuch force againft one ot the rails, as to break it and make their cfcapc. This could not have happened had the fence been ftrong enough; but fervants in this country never do thcii work unlefs they are conftantly overlooked; the rafcals were too lazy to repair it, and therefore it never caught a ftngle deer. Although thofe two men killed ten deer with their guns and flips in the courfe of the winter, befides groufe and other things, they confumed all their provifions before the time was expired, for which they were victualled, which was more than the bay-crew did, who killed nothing of any confequence; had they done the fame, all hands nuift have been famifhed. marfhes on the weft fide of the ridge of hills, repafling it along the lower deer-path ; from whence I brought the flip which I left there laft fall, and took a crofs-fox out of Mr. Collingharn s traps at the eaft end of it. I alio took the leg of a white one out of one of his geefe traps, and tailed that and another for martens, in the deathfall-path. Mr. Daubeny went with four hands to the fealing-tilt; where he hauled up the fkiff which was left there, and killed a groufe. Mr. Collingham went in the Marten to my winter-houfe, and brought fome goods from thence. 1 kdled an eider duck at the ftage head. A cloudy, foggy, raw day, with fome fnow at two o'clock. At feven this morning, I fent Mr. Collingham to Sandhill Cove, to bring the provifions from thence, which Forfy the promifed to fupply me with. I fhipped off the remainder of the dry filh, except what was wanted for winter ufe. The new fifli turned out only two hundred and forty-feven quintals. The fhip has now on board feven hundred and fifty-eight tierces of falmon, and five hundred and thirty-four quintals of bacaleau, or dried codfifh, and is as deep as fhe can fwim ; much deeper than fhe ought to be to crofs the Atlantic, even in the fummer; but I was unwilling to leave a filh behind ; yet there are one hundred and eighty-nine tierces of falmon remaining at Paradife. I took a walk to the other end of this ifland, faw a brace of plover, and fhot a raven. Four hands went to Martin's winter-houfe for the fkiff, and they returned with her at night. A dull morning and cloudy day, with fome rain. Early this morning I fent four hands to help Martin. Mr. Daubeny went round his traps, but got nothing. I vifited Collingham's and my own ; had an otter and a white fox in my two, and one of Collingham's was flruck up. I took two hands with me, and brought home the Roebuck. At eight this even-Vol II. 3 S »779-October. Wit.d N. E. moderate* little. Tuefday 19. w. moderate. S. moderate,' S, by E. Wednef. 20. s. s. w, frejh. <—^—i ing Mr. Collingham returned without being able to get to oaober. Sandhill Cove j and alfo, becaufe he had fpoken with lome of the people belonging to that place, who informed him that no provifions were yet arrived there.* A cloudy day, with fome fun, and a fmart fhower of fnow at two o'clock in the afternoon. wit/1' mormnS there was much fnow upon the ground, but jv. ji,-ovg. it foon wrent off, and the day proved extremely bad; for it blew ftermy, a hard gale of wind, with fleet and rain. Friday 22. Two men from Table Bay Brook (where a fmall crew are tcr m. hard. j|ve tn|s wjn(;er) came to Slink Point this evening, and haled for a boat. They informed me, that their falmon at Sandhill Cove was not yet packed, nor had they fait to do it with, or were they likely to get any. They had killed twelve foxes, three otters, and three martens. They came here to aik me if I would buy fome old traps which belonged to one of them. In the afternoon Martin and the people who were with him returned and informed me that they had finifhed the deer-pound. I fettled fome of the people's accompts. Moderate frofl, with fmall fnow, and dark weather. Stiurday 23. Mr. Coghlan's people returned home, and I fent three hands w.frtjh. wife them to fetch the traps. I had the Squirrel towed up the % w. harbour, * Indeed it would have been moft extraordinary if any had; for I have fince learnt, that Mr. Forfythe had impofed upon me, in faying, that he had great abundance of provifions up Alexis River, and would furnifh me with what I wanted; for he had none there nor any where elfe. Soon after I left Spear Harbour, he was obliged to borrow provifions out of the Cygnet, for the fubfidancc of the people whom he then had with him, or they would have flarved. By fuch villainous deceit he gdi my fait from mc, which was all he intended, and my diltrels is the greater, fince I have hired more people than I otherwife fliould have done, depending upon las ^rumile ; but he does not care if. they all peiifh for want. harbour, and laid on fliorc at the fame place where ihe lay lafl winter. I fettled fome more of the people's accompts; alfo fhot a raven, N wjLrt. A frofly morning, and cloudy day, with hard rain the latter part of it. Oaober. After breakfaft I took all hands and thwarted up the Squirrel. I finifhed all the accompts and gave the balance bills. Coghlan's people, with thofe I fent with them, returned and brought the traps, which were fo old and bad that they were of little worth, but I purchafed them. A very mild, fine day. I fhipped off all my own baggage, alfo the chefls and bedding belonging to my difcharged fervants; who, together with Mr. Daubeny, Mrs. Selby, and I, embarked in the evening. There being little or no wind, we could not move to-day. At noon I landed on the eafl diore, and walked to the top of Mount Martin, from thence to Burnt Knap, and then to the ottertrap, which I put out on the firft inftant, .and brought it home with me. A fine, mild day, with a little fnow at noon. At half pafl feven this morning we began to heave up the anchor, but it was fo firmly fixed in the ground, which is tough black clay, that it was with the utmoft difficulty, and not without the aflifiance of all the men from the fhore, we could weigh it; we broke a couple of purchafing bars in the operation. At nine wc got to fea through the eaflern paffage, with a ftrong gale at north-weft; there being a high fea running, and the fhip extremely deep, and too much by the head, fhe plunged into it in fuch manner, that it made quite a free paifage over her. We 3 S 2 then Sunday 24, W, moderate. Mond kf 05. Tnefilay 2(5. little and variable. Wednef, 27, '779* Oaober. Friday 29. November. "Wcducf. 4. Thui fday 5. then bore away between Cape North and the Black Illands ; and keeping between them and the fmall, low duck illands, got clear off all the land by half pafl ten. At eleven we were abreafb of Wolf Ifland, and at the clofe of the evening, we were the length of Roundhill Ifland; from whence we took our departure. We had very fmooth water from Cape North until we palled the Wolf, when, Having no longer any fhelter, the fea ran very high ; but the fhip made much better weather than could be expected. The gale kept gradually increafing until the next evening, by which time it became a very heavy one, and continued fo for twenty-four hours, which carried us into the latitude of Funk Ifland, and as we judged, about fourteen leagues to the eaflward of it. All that time it froze fo feverely, that every thing was folid ice, as high up the rigging as the fpray of the fea reached : but now both wind and froft abated, and wc had afterwards mild, foggy weather, with light baffling winds, until the fourth of November, when we had a frefh breeze at fouth-well, with which we got fafe to an anchor in the harbour of St. John's, in Newfoundland, where I went to get convoy. I found lying here admiral Edwards, the governor of Newfoundland, in the Romney man of war of fixty guns ; the Surpnfe and Lycorne frigates ; the Marten and Cygnet floops; and the Wddcat and Courier armed veffels ; befides a great number of merchantmen. I immediately waited on the admiral, who informed me, that if the wind permitted, he fhould fail in the morning for England; accompanied by the Surprife, Lycorne, and Marten, and fhould take under his convoy all fuch veffels as were bound to England or Ireland. I dined on board the Romney with captain Mercier of the marines, and in the evening I went on fhore to tranfact my bufinefs there, but could do nothing, every body being in hurry and confufion. The next morning, the admiral made the fignal to prepare for failing, but the. wind not ferving, he could not ftir. I landed all my difcharged. _A.__ charsred fervants, and pot on board provifions and water for o o 1779. the fhip. At four o'clock the following morning (the fixih) the November, admiral made the fignal to unmoor, and at ten, another fignal f'iday 6-was given to weigh ; when the Surprife, Marten, and feveral merchantmen got out of the harbour with all fpeed. At eleven the admiral went out; we got up our anchor at two in the afternoon, and the Lycorne frigate did the fame immediately after. When we got out to fea, the admiral and the body of the fleet were fo far ahead, that we could not diflinguidi his fhip, nor any of the men of war, except the Lycorne; which by that time was two miles off, and going fad from us. We were about two leagues off at fun-fet; many veffels were then but jufl got out, and we obferved feveral others getting under weigh; the mouth of the harbour being open to us. That harbour being very narrow, a fleet of eighty-four fail of merchant fhips, mufl neceffarily take a long time to get out; or they would fall on board of each other, and I faw feveral do fo. We expecled that the admiral would heave to for the remainder of the night, when he had got to a proper diftance from the land ; yet although we carried fail the whole night, and, every day and night after, with very ftrong and heavy gales (in which we fplit the head of our rudder; ftrained the fhip fo, that fhe leaked very much, which fhe had never done before; fplit fome of her fails to pieces, and were moft of the time nearly under water, by carrying to fuch extremity) we faw nothing more of the admiral or the fleet, until the morning of the twelfth; when we difcovered them about four leagues off upon our weather bow. At eight o'clock, we faw fome guns fired by a fhip, which we fup-pofed to be the admiral, but could not tell the meaning of them. We continued to carry every fail which could Hand, and threw out a fignal for feeing a ftrange veffel, but no notice was taken of it; nor did the admiral fhorten fail in the evening to collecl his fleet, although.other veffels, as well as mine, were far aflern, and Thurfday is. —K—1 and one large fhip a great way to leeward. That night, and November, the following day proving foggy, wc never faw him or the fleet afterwards. We had every day from leaving St. John's feen feveral unfortunate veflels, who like ourfelves, had been left behind ; and we continued to do the fame, for above half the voyage after. We IT ill carried fail to the very utmofl extremity for many days after, and then, giving up all hopes of joining the fleet, we carried only as much as prudence warranted. For fear of being taken, I directed that the fhip fhould be kept in the latitude of the Shannon ; intending to land there myfelf; becaufe, had I been taken, the people whom I left behind would probably have been flarved to death next year, for want of a fupply of provifions. We had a very blowing Tnday 29. paflagc, with many contrary winds, and much dark weather. On the evening of the twenty-ninth, by an obfervation of the moon and a fixed flar, taken by captain Kinloch the night before, we found ourfelves ftill thirteen leagues to the weltward of the Blafqucs, although we ought to have been half way up the Shannon, according to the dead reckoning. It then blow-Saturday 30. ing very hard at north-weil by north, we flood under our courfes to the fouthward; but feeing no land, at eight the next morning, by which time we knew we were to the fouthward of the Blafques, we bore away right along fhore till noon; when being in the latitude of 51 ° 22' north, I ordered a courfe to be fhaped direct for Cape Clear, which, if the longitudinal obfervation was right, and the wind held, would carry us abrealt of the ifland called Dorfes, by four in the afternoon, and the length of Cape Clear by midnight. The obfervation proved fo very exact, that wc actually made the former on our larboard beam at a quarter before four, and at midnight wc were clofe in with the latter. This is the third time that I have feen thofe obfervations taken, and each time they afcer-taincd the longitude to the greatcfl nicety j full as much fo, as as the meridian obfervation of the fun docs that of the latitude. <--—> It immediately after became calm, and fo continued till day- November, light, when we had a fair fight of the land, at about three leagues diflance. A light breeze then came from the fouthward Sunday an and brought on thick fog, when we dood along fhore to the eaftward, fometimes feeing the land, at others not. The wind increafed by degrees until it reduced us to clofe reefed top fails; the fog was then become very thick, and we began to think ourfelves in danger of being loft; as we were not far from the fhore, the wind being dead on it, and a gale of wind, with a long dark night at hand. Loll we mutt have been, beyond all doubt, had not a pilot boat, lying off the Old Head of Kinfale, got fight of, and boarded us at two o'clock in the afternoon; we then were within a mile of that land yet could not fee it. We immediately put up the helm, fquared the yards, and at four, came fafe to an anchor in the excellent harbour of Kinfale; by which time it blew a defperate gale of wind, with fo thick a Monday 2a. fog, that we could not fee acrofs the harbour, and both continued for three days. The next morning I went on fhore, and took up my quarters at a houfe called the Bowling-green, and had Tucflla>' 3°. the plcafure to fmd general Moucher and feveral cf my old friends of the Regiment of Buffs; I dined at the mefs of the n i O 1 December. latter. The following day I dined with the general; on Sunday Sunday 5r the fifth of December I went to church, where I returned God thanks for my fafe arrival, and the merciful deliverance I had lately received from his hands. I heard a mod excellent fermon on Patience; after which I dined with Mr. Othwell, who is at the head of the Cufloms here. On Wednefday I went to Cork to get fome money from Mr, Jafpcr Lucas, mer- Wcdncf-8* chant at that place, and to fettle a credit for my fhip with him. Thurfday 9. I returned the next day; and late the following night embarked jo on board the George Privateer of Briflol, commanded by captain John Major, a gendeman like young man, who very politely politely offered me a paffage for myfelf and Mrs. Selby, to December. Brillol. He had returned from a fix months cruife, in which he had taken only one Spanifh fhip, bound from Cadiz to the Saturday n. Havanah. Early the next morning we failed with a fair wind at fouth-well, and pleafant weather; .but the wind kept creeping forward until we were forced to haul the bowlines ; and as we did not make a fulficient allowance for the indraught of the tide into St. George's channel; at two the next morning, we difcovered the light of the Smalls on our weather bow. The confequence was, that for the remainder of that day, and all the next night, we were tolled about by a hard gale of wind in St. George's channel; but, inflead of repining at our fate, we had great caufe to rejoice ; for had we got iuto Briflol Channel that night, we mud have been caff, away on the Welch Coaft. At Monday 13. fj^.b^j, tne following morning, we faw land ahead and to leeward, which we fuppofed was Barfey Ifland, and the land adjoining ; and that confequently we were imbayed on the Welch Coalt, and fhould be loft but on drawing nearer to it, we were agreeably furprifed to difcover that it was Tufcar and part of Ireland : we had ilill a fmart, clofe-reefed gale with which we tacked, and at one o'clock got fight of St. David's Head. At three in the afternoon, having weathered the Smalls, we bore away up Brillol Channel with a ftrong gale, which by that Tuefday 14. time had got to north-well. At ten we heaved to, and faw Lundy the next morning at four. We were abreaft of Ilford Coomb at nine, when a Pilot boarded us, and at the fame time we were chafed by two prefs boats from thence, which the people kept off by firing ihot at them. At four in the afternoon we anchored at Poffet, and I had very foon after the pleafure to fet my foot on Old England once more, by landing at a place called Lamplighters Hall, where I fpent the night. I fent a man Wednef. 15. tQ j3r]Hoi this morning for a Permit from the Cuflom-houfe, for landing my baggage ; but the forms of office requiring more ceremonv THE FOURTH VOYAGE, 5°5 ceremony and delay, than were either neceiTary in my cafe, r~—A-1 or convenient to myfelf, I fet out for Briftol in a chaife in the December. evening. My baggage arrived at the Cuflom-houfe the next morning, and each legal fee being paid, as well as fome, which, jburfday 16*. perhaps, were not fo, it was delivered to me again ; and at noon I fet off in a chaife towards London. I lay that night at Devifes, and the next day, at nine in the evening, I arrived in Town. Friday 17, In a fliort time after I went into the country to my father's ; I fet Mrs. Selby down at her brother's houfe, by the way, and made her an annual allowance for life; having flri&ly kept the refolution which I made on the twentieth of May lafl, and the declaration made on the twenty-fixth. end OF the fourth voyage, and second volume.