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M SD Nsmall forward Nbackward t p Continuous Decelerated to the right 7.9 8.8 7 7 3.79 .000 to the left 3.1 5.1 8 12 1.52 .135 Linear to the right 11.0 10.9 2 3 4.93 .000 to the left 6.0 7.2 7 10 347 .001 Accelerated to the right 14.9 11.4 3 3 7.34 .000 to the left 9.0 10.5 4 7 4.58 .000 Staircase Decelerated to the right 8.9 9.2 5 5 3.92 .000 to the left 6.0 8.1 6 13 2.58 .013 Linear to the right 10.7 9.7 5 3 5.06 .000 to the left 6.7 8.7 8 10 3.23 .002 Accelerated to the right 12.0 12.4 6 5 4.42 .000 to the left 7.3 11.4 3 15 2.88 .006 '!%3 # ! $9H*%!$ '% C>&"#!  !&!BC&"'+   8 0  & &$ BC% !  ' '  ( &!""  ! "' 8 0  & &$  BC%! !$&  !     %"#! ! !   $ !BB %!   &!   (" !  ' "=' !!  &   !    !!  & !    "#  !& !  ""  ) L< N  " #  !@"C'!  !'>7E "#!'  F&&; $>?@@%!  &6"CO"8  & ' !  "! &&F&&$>??I '"7% @! %% ! 0 0# %+%!  !%  !# % # % &F&&9$6DD6% !(   !" #  !&          $#&6%" *    $@ 5>D"?$ 5 >D"I%!      $@ 5I"6$ E @"7%"H$=>??DJFG >??7J F&&G; >?@@ '" %&      "F!$""F&&>??B>??C >??I%       !  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SS df MS F p Between subjects 30385.94 50 607.72 73.28 .000 Within subjects Type 6.54 1 6.54 0.10 .750 Error (Type) 3172.33 50 63.45 Function 2158.32 1.54a 1401.29 33.75 .000 Error (Function) 3197.13 77.01a 41.52 Direction 3403.55 1 3403.55 16.79 .000 Error (Direction) 10133.47 50 202.67 Type × Function 382.32 2 191.16 7.23 .001 Error (Type × Function) 2644.07 100 26.44 Type × Direction 37.38 1 37.38 1.23 .273 Error (Type × Direction) 1523.86 50 30.48 Function × Direction 27.22 2 13.61 0.57 .570 Error (Function × Direction) 2404.49 100 24.05 Type × Function × Direction 0.29 1.68a 0.17 0.06 .987 Error (Type × Function × Direction) 2387.24 83.93a 28.44 Note. Type stands for motion type, the factor with two variations: continuous motion and staircase motion. Function stands for the shape of motion function, with three variations: decelerated (target position changed as a power function of time, with power 0.5), linear (function with power 1.0), and accelerated motion (function with power 2.0). Direction stands for the direction of motion: the target could either move from left to right or from right to left. a Because the sphericity assumption was not met, the value of df was set according to the Greenhouse- Geisser correction. "&'     !   ! B7D!   " F! !  &   &  => !    ! :!  "     &  $    "Q G>?@?%" &  =$>??D%! " =E!  ! !    "#! "#    &   &"  ! &   !  "  &' 9T9    !=>    !  ! "    @! %% ! 0 0# %+%!  !%  !# % # % Displacement (Pixels) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Continuous motion Staircase motion Decelerated Linear Accelerated Motion Function F % 2 7% !% ! %!8%% @! !#% !   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