solska kronika 2018 3 splosna.indd

95 UDK 314.151.1:37(436+450)(=163.6)”194"(091) 1.02 Pregledni znanstveni članek Prejeto: 24. 8. 2018 Helena Jaklitsch* Mentaliteta je za kakovost šolstva pomembnejša od razmer; Slovensko šolstvo v begunskih taboriščih v Italiji in Avstriji po 2. svetovni vojni Mentality is more important in the quality of education than the conditions; Slovenian schools in the refugee camps in Italy and Austria after World War Two Izvleček Del Slovencev se je po drugi svetovni vojni znašel v begunskih taboriščih v Avstriji in Italiji. Kljub vsesplošnemu pomanjkanju so v taboriščih vzpostavili šolstvo, ki je doseglo zavidljivo raven. Ustanovili so ljudske in sre- dnje strokovne šole ter begunsko gimnazijo. Spodbujali so interdisciplinaren pristop in razvijanje družbene odgovornosti posame- znika. Ne glede na skrajno slabe razmere, so profesorji zahtevali od dijakov visoko znanje. Formalno izobraževanje so močno povezova- li z neformalnim. Nezanemarljiv je bil njihov vpliv na ponovno vzpostavitev oz. revitalizaci- jo slovenskega zamejskega šolstva. Ključne besede : Slovenci, šolstvo, povojna begunska taborišča, Avstrija, Italija Key words : Slovenians, educational system, refugee camps after the war, Austria, Italy Abstract After World War Two, some Slovenians found themselves in refugee camps in Austria and It- aly. In spite of the general deprivation, camps managed to establish schools that reached an enviable level. Primary and secondary technical schools were founded, as well as a refugee grammar school. An interdisci- plinary approach was encouraged and the development of the individual’s sense of social responsibility. Irrespective of the exception- ally bad conditions, the teachers demanded a high degree of knowledge from the pupils and students. There was a great emphasis on the connection between formal and informal education. Their influence on the re-establish- ment and revitalisation of Slovenian schools across the borders was significant. * Helena Jaklitsch, dr. zgodovinskih znanosti, Ministrstvo za kulturo, Ljubljana, e-pošta: helenajaklitsch@gmail.com