YD ISSN 0351 -0077
PRIRODOSLOVNl MUZEJ SLOVENIJE MUSEUM HISTORIAE NATURALIS SLOVENIAE
SCOPOLIA 11
Botaniea
GeoJogica & Palaeontologica
Museologica 6 Zoologicä
Savo BRELIH:
Ectoparasitical Eniomofauiia of Yugoslav Mammals, II. Siphonaptera from Dr mirom y.s ho}^da/iovi and C'hn)H()fuys nivalis (Rpdcnlia; Cricetidae)
Ektoparazitska entomofavna sesalcev (Mammalia) Jugoslavije. II. Sifonapteri z reliktne in snežne vol uharice (Dinawmys bogdanovi in Chionomys rtivalis. Roden tia: Cricetidae)
SCOPOLIA
No 11
pp. I - 47 1 Ljubljana | Dec. 1986
scopol] a
Glasilo Prirodoslo-vntea muieja Slovenije. Prirodoslovni muzej Slovenije, sofinancirali so: Raziskovalna skupnost Slovenije, Kulturna iskupnost Slovenije, Zimnslveno-Esiz-iskovalni csnter SAZU in In-šlilut za biologijo univerze E. Kardelja. Uredniäki odbora Jo^e BOLE, Emest FAN ING ER. Janez GREGOR! (urednik), Boris KRYStLJFEK, Ignac S1YEC. Kazimir t ARM AN in Tone WRABER. Lektoija; Cvetana TAVZES(zaslovenščino) in Helena SMOLEJ (z« angleščino). Naslov uredništva in uprave: Pri-rodoslovni muzej Slovenije, (i 1000 Ljubljana, Prešernova 20. [zideta dvt številki letno, naklada 500 izvodov. Cena številke za ustanove in podjetja 250 din, za pose mernike 300 din. Tekofi ratun pri LÜ št. 50100-603-4Ü115. Tisk TISKARNA KURIR. Ljubljana.
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Journal of the Museum of Natural History of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Edited by ihe Museum of Natural History of Slovenia, subsidized by Research Community ofSlovenia, Cultural Community of Slovenia, Centre of Scientific Research of the S ASA and Univ. Institute of Biology E. Kardelj. Editorial Staff: Jože BOLE, Ernest FANINOER, Janez GREGORl (Editor), Boris KRVSTUEEK, Ignac SIV EC. Kazimir T ARM AN, and Tone WRABER, ReadeirnCveianaTAVZES (for Slovene) and Helena SMOLEJ (for English), Address of the Editorial Office and AdministrationL Prirodoslovni muzej Slovenije, YU 61000 Ljubljana. Preäemova 20. The Journal appears twioe a year, 500 copies per issue. fs.sue price for institutions andestablisIimenL<i 250 din, fnrindividuals200din. Current account at I.B No 50)00-60J-40l 15. Printed by tiskarna Kurir. Ljubljana.
SCOWU-IA Nq II, pp. 1-47, Ljubljana, n«:.
ECTOPARASITICAL ENTOMOFAUNA OF YUGOSLAV MAMMALS-
11. SIPHONAPTERA FROM DINAROMYS BOGDANOVI AND CHIONOMYS NIVALIS (RODENTIA: CRICETIDAE).
SRELIH Savo
VLJ 6100(1 Ljubljana, Preäcmuva 20 MatLi^l Hislor^' Museum ofSbvsnia Received: 36,8. [986
UOC (UDKl 5^5.775:59^.323.4 (045^ (4«)7.l) =20
IZVLEČEK - EKTOPAky\ZlTSKA ENTOMOf AVNA SESALCEV (MAMMALIA! JUGOSLAVUE. II. SIFONAPTERI 7. RELIKTNE IN SNEŽNE VOLUHARJE {DSNAROMYS BOGDANOVI in CHlOf^OMYS	RO DEN TIA; CRltETlDAH)- Avtor navaja Ji vT^t in 13 ptidvrsl bolh, ugo-
tavljeriih tiii reJikini voluharici [Dinaramys bugdamni) in sneini voJuharici (Ckiowimyi Hiivi/ii) v Jugo^ slavij!, Popisan« so 4 nove pod vrele; Cjenophtkahnus nifnUfdv-t ivfiAjovjc f ssp, n., Ci. n. pcinivi ssp. n., C\. n. krystußki ssp. n. in O. n. dzukki SiSp. n. Poleg teh je za favno Jugoslavije nova Itidi Caliop.iyila caspia. Raisiijenostö vrst in 8 podvRl bolh, jnatlbih ^a 74oraj navedeni vcluliaric;i, ,fe prikazana na 4 geofiialških fcaruih, litlelan je nO v kljiiC m dolofe vanje podvrst vi*tc Ctenophthaltrtin mfeti}de<..
SYNOPSIS - The authcr slates 23 species and 13 subspecies of fleas as fbuTid on Martino's vole ^Dirsa-romys bagdanmi) and the mow vole (Chiottomys nivaih) in Yu^slavia. Described are 4 new stibSpeeies: Ctemphtkahnua nijetodtfH tmkouci ssp n., C(. n. peimvi ssp. n., CV. n. krysiufeki ssp. n. and Cl n. tl-u-kici ssp. 11.. In addition thereto one species is new for the fauna of Yugoslavia, rameiy: Calhpxylla ^Oipia. The üEstritiution üffi species and 8 subspecies of fleas characteristic uf the above-mentioned voles is sficwn in 4 niap.ii, Presenled is aiso it new key for determining the subspecies of Ctenophlhaltnus nifelodex.
Intraductioji
Dealt with in the firsi part of the Ecto para silica I Entomofauna of Yugoslav Mammals (BRELIH & PETROV 197S) were fleas as found on inseclivores. With respect to the tnam-malian sysietn we shot:Id proceed with the order of bats (Chiroptera), however, the relating collected material being quite insufficiem, we passed over to rodents (Rodentia) already in the second part. From this order about 10,000 specimens were eitamined, which enabled us to collect t he re front an ample material the data on whith will be published in several sequels. Foreseen are four sequels which are to form a whoJe, therefore, some chapters and tables will be published in the last part only.
Studied in the first of the four sequels are Siphonaptera with Martino's vole - Dirt arofJiy.j hofudanovi (V. & E. MARTINO 1922) and the snow vole - Chhnomys mva/u (MARTINS 1B42), These two species live in rocky regions and are ecologically rather isolated from most of other micromammalia. They have a large number of parasites specifically feeding on them
bul as Ihey live in ihe same habitat, the parasites often pais firpm one specks to the other. In the older literature Martino's vole is referred to by a generic name Dolomys NEHRING but has recently been included in the genus Dinaromys KRETZOl 1955 (GROMOV & POLJAKOV 1977: 125. PETROV & TODOROVtC 1982: 193). Tht dassiflcation of the snow vole into the genus C^ionomys follows GROMOV Sl POLJAKOV 1977 J2?, PETROV 1979:15 and KRATOCHVIL 1981:4. In Europe this species is oflen referred to by a generic name of ^/ifTOfwi SCHRANK I97K.
The fleas from the Vugosiav voles Dinarotnys bogclanovi and Chionotnys nivalis have been treated inanurnberofpasjersand cont ri butio ns, N e w ta xa were described by W AGN E R (1933,1938), SMJT (1957)and ROSICK Y & CARNELUTTI (1959). Taxonomically impor-Unt are also the works by SMIT (1963), SMIT & WRIGHT (1965), and HOPKINS & ROTHSCHILD (! 962,1966), whi !e the s'-ooeeographie data are presented also in the works by WAGNER (1930), ROSICKV Sl TODOROVIC (1964), and SKURATOWICZ & BARTKOW-SKA (1977).
In the works from which the data were taken various errors and deflcieneies could be noted, especially so with regard to the correct spelling of finding places and the altitude - tliey were corrected without being spec i fit-ally pointed out in the test.
Cited m connection with those species of fleas whoie true hosts are Dinaromyx hogdanovi and Ch 'mnomys nivaiis are also other hosts in order to render the presentation of a parasite more complete.
Acknon Icictgements
In preparing this work I enjoyed every assistance ofmy colle^ues terriologiuts, Dr. Boris PETROV from edgrade, Nikola TVRTKQVIC, MSc, from Zagreb, Boris KRYSTUFEK. curator, from Ljubljana, Dr. Anka RUŽiČ, Georg DŽUKIČ, MSc, and Miroljub MlLENKO-VIČ, assistant from Belgrade, Dr. Danica TOVORNIK and Janez GREGORI, curator, from Ljubljana, Dr, Sonja MIKŠIČ from Sarajevo, Branimir GJETVAJ, curator and Branko JALZiC from Zagreb, so I profil by this opportunity to sincerely thank them for their kind help. 1 also thank my colleague Dr. Alexander DU DICH from Zvoien, Cjechoslovakia, for his collaboration in solving certain taxonomic problems.
.Material und Methods
Most of the material was collected in the last IK years paraMdIy with the field research on mammals. Examined were the majority of the localities known in connection with D. bogdanovi and Ch. nivalis in Yugoslavia. We collected above all in the summer time since during the winter those regions are not easily accessible. In the faunistic research of niicromammalia from 100 to 200 snap-traps were set per night. Dead animals were removed from the traps in early morning hours because numerous parasites later leave them. Each single species of hosts was stored into a separate linen bag till the examination which was attended to immediately after collecting. The parasites as caught were conserved on the spot in a 70 % alcohol i.e. separately with respect to the host, the locality, the altitude and the date. !r most cases the ecological examinations were not performed. All of our material was taken from the fur of the hosts since the nests of these two voles are to be found deep in rocky cracks and caves and are practically inaccessible. The infestation percentage was not calculated for it was virtually impossible to always collect the prey from the trap and examine in detail all animals caught; unfortunately we do not possess information on the number of specimens examined by Wagner, Martino and other collectors.
s. Brei i h: Ecioparasitica! entoitiofauna...
The specimens as collected were used to prepare microscopic slides in Canada balsam. Examined were also the slides from the Ztmiljski muzej Bosne i Hercegovine in Sarajevo, which is specifically indicated for all data in the systematic survey, All of the material for which the text does not provide the mention oriiierature or the collection makes pari of the collection of the Natural History Museum of Slovenia in Ljubljana (coll. S. Brelih).
The fleas wert collectcil jn 71 localities(49 squares according to the 10 km UTM system) in the entire distribution area of D. bogdanovJ ant) Ck. nivalis in Yugoslavia.
The material is determined according to HOPKINS & ROTHSCHILD {1956,1962,1966 and 1971) and ROSICKY {1957); taken into account were also some of the more recent contributions of different authors (SKURATOWiCZ 1972, SM iT & WRIGHT I97S, BEAU-COURNU &. LAUNAY 1979, BEAUCOURNU, LAUNAY & VALLE 1982).
Survey of the fiivdinj^ plvtcts
SLOVEN IIA (SLOVENIA);
1.	UM94Julijske Alpe; Mangrt
2.	VMtM Julijske Alpe: Trenta: Pri cerkvi V M 04 Julijske Alpe: Dom v Planici VMMJulijske Alpe: Tamar
3.	VM14 Julijce Alpe-. Krma
A. VMI3Julij^e Alpe: Zgornja Krma VM13 Julijske Alpe; Vemar VM13 Julijske Alpe; Vodnikova koča
5.	VM 12 Julijske Alpe; Rodita
6.	V M 63 Kamniške Alpe: Kamniäko sedlo
7.	V LOS Trnovski gozd: Ca ven
S. VL28 Hrušica: Javomik
9. VL38 Logatec, Hotedr^ica, Novi svet
10.	VL56 Cerknica, Otok
11.	VL54 Snežnik
HRVATSKA (CROATIA):
13. VLSI Istni: ܣfca
13.	VL73 Gorsii Kotan Risnjalt
14.	VK% Velrfjil: žavižan, VuCjaJt VK% Velebit: Zavižan, Modriia dolac VK% Velebit: Zavižan, Vukusič sn bežni ca VK-)« Veiebit: Veliki Zavižan
Vekbit: Babrovača VK96 Vdebil: äarinac VK% Vekbit: Gomja Klad»
15.	VK95 Velcbil: Mircvo
16.	WKOSVelE^jit: Bibnski Pade?
17.	WKO3Velebit: Bafio K^uk
18.	WK5 IVdebit: Coiina Prosina WK31 Velcbil: Buljma
19.	W k60 Velcbil: Prcdiid
20.	WK70Vdrbit: Malovan
31,	Xm Kozjak: MalaCka, Opor
22.	XH69 Biokovo: Voäac, Stara snijeinica
23.	XH7S Blokovo: Sosiii
24.	XH97 St. Dalmacija; Kardeljevo (=P!oče}, Baiinska jezera
sc opouA, No I r

Fig. 1. Mafi of Yugoslavia with indicated Gnding places.
s Brelih: Ettoparasilical enlomofäuna.
ÜOSNA I HERCEGOVINA (BOSNA AND HER2EG0VrNA):
25. XJ39	Bosna; Sator Babina &reda
XJ39	Bosna: SatoT^ Sato reko jcTero
16. XJ66	Büsna: Cincar (Cincer)
XJ66	Bosnsi: Cincar. Ravnine
27.	XJ92	Hercegovina: PokJečani, Pizdino vrelo 2B. BP62	Hercegovina: Prenj: Cmo polje
28.tiBP74	Bosna: Sarajevo, Bjelasnica
29.	aP9S	Bosna: Sarajevo, Trebevič
30.	BP92	Hercegovina: Treskavica: Kutski Gnid
31.	flP90	Hercegovina: Zdengora: Orlovaiko jezero BP90	Hercegovina: Zelengora: Orlovat
32.	BN 88	Hercegovina: Gacko, HJela^nica
ČRNA GORA (MONTENEGRO):
33.	CN'17 Durmilon Cnspuljna poljana CN47 Dumitor: Dobri do, Sedlü CN47 Durmitor Valovito Jncro CN47 Durmilor; Žabljak
J4, CN03 Vilusi. Obodi na
35.	BNPI Odenr Stirovnik
36.	CNO! Ojjen (lop sumouniJinei)
37.X'M39	Celinje (environs) 3S. CN94 [vaiie^: Bjelasita
CN94 [vangrad: Bjelasica: Zekova glava CN94 IvangnwJ: Bjdasiia: Jcbvicst
39.	CN92 Komo vi: Štavna
SRBIJA (SERBIA):
40.	EN98 Suva planina: Trem
41.	FN38 Basard: Pkninica
42.	FN48 Slara planina: Tri iukc FN4a Stara planina: Ponor
SRBIJA: KOSOVO (SERBIA: KOSOVO):
43.	DN33Žljeb: Kula
MAKEDONiJA (MACEDONIA):
44.	DM95Sar planina: Popova 5apka
45.	DM62 Konab; Velika fCorabska vrata ?DM62 Komb: tos Alija
46.	DM70B^^tm
47.	DM83GaliEica
48.	ELI3 Pclisitr; Golemo jezero EL i 3 PcHstcr Jorgov Kamen
Pol lowing Ihe suocessivc n timber is the corrcspoildiog square according to the 10 km. U T M system. The province, the mountains, ihe major localities ctc. are given in the fint, the narrow exact locality in the second place. If separated by a comma (,). iC means that a smaller locality is situated elosc to a larger one (e. g. Logatec, Hotedržica): if separated by a colon (:), however, the finding place in the strictest sense is situated in the territory of tbe firet mentioned region or represents its component tt, ^ Julijske Alpe: Mangrt).
Ceographic distribution of the hosts
According to PETROV & TODOROVIC (1982) the distribution are^ of the species Di-naromys bogdanovi ey.tends. from the northern Vclebit and Mala Kape i a in Croatia over Dai-maiia. Herzegovina, southern Bosnia (Trebevič), Montenegro and Kosovo to Galičica in southwestern Macedonia. No recent finding places are known for Slovenia, though Pleistocene fragments were found near Hi reka Bistrica (BARTOLOME! 1970 - Oirtaromyi cf. bogdanost). Known in northern Italy arc severaJ Pleistocene finding places of the same species and aho the finding of Difiarimys dalmalinm from the older Pleistocene in the vicinity of Trieste (KORMOS 1933). The distribution of the former mentioned species is shown in Fig. 2.
Recent populations of O. bogdamvi have been stated in Yugoslavia only, thought they undoubtedly live also in Albania and perhaps in Greece as well. Described are 7 geographic races which, however, are not stated since it is indispensable to critically examine aU of this species.
Fig. 2. Map showing the distribution oiDinaroffiyshosdanoviiW. St E, MA)lT[NO)in YugosJavia- A dap-led according to PETROV ä TODOROVIC 1982. Fossil findings: Dmoromyj cf. hogrfanmi (triangle), Di-naromys dalmaiinus (fljil circle).
s, Brelih: Ectopara&itica] entomofauna.,.
In Yugoslavia Chinmimys nivali.i is spread, according to PETROV (!979), from the Julian Alps and ihe Kamni äke Alps to tfie Karavan ken Mounlains over western Slovenia and Učka in northeastern Istria, the Gorski Kotar, Kapela, the Velebit, western Bosnia, Herzegovina, northern Montenegro, Prokletije and Sar planina toGaličicaand Pel ist er in wuthwestem Macedonia. Besides, it also lives in eastern Serbia (Suva and Stara planina, Basara), It has recently been stated also in other päaees of Istri a (Rovinj and Istarske TopNce, KOV At] C 1981: I80-1S1,05p, leg. J. GREGOR I and S. BRELIH). The distribution of this species is shown in F^. 3.
The snow vole is much more spread than Martino's vole. Cited in the last revision of the species (K R A TOCH V! L19 81) wit h respectto i ts a rea as a whole a re 17 subspeci es I i v ing fro m northern Spain and southern Germany in rhe west to Poland in the north and Bulgaria in the east, whereas outside Europe in Asia Minor, Palestine, ]ran, the Caucasus and Turkmenia.
Fig. 3. Map showing the distributionof<rAiortomysn(V(i/is(MARTlNS)iii Yugoslavia, Adapted aceordin^ to PETROV !979, supplemented according to K.OVACIČ 19B1 and new findings of BRELIH & GREGOR I,
Suney uf the Stated Spci^ics and Subspecies rSCHNOPSVLLlDAE
L RhiniiluphopsvllM unipectinata unipectinata (TASCHENBERG
Bo^na L Hercegovina:
Bosna; Trebevic, I IV, 1947, from Dinaromys hogdamni, E. Martino, wll, Zemaij-ski muzej Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo,
The species Rh. unipecünma parasitizes on bats, above all those bat species slaying in underground caves düring the day-fimc. In Europe these species most frequently belong to the genus Rhirtoiophus though Rh. umpeiUnaia has been Found aJso on Miniopterus n hreihmi and some other bats. Its true host is the greater horseshoe bat [Rhinohphus ferrumequinum). From bats fleas rerely pass over to other mammals as they hardly ever come into contact with them, so this finding is most interesting. It could be explained by the fact that relict voJe {D. hogJanovi) and bats all live in rocky tncks and openings through which parasites make their way from lime to lime,
H Y S T R IC H O P S V L L I D A t:
3. Hi'strichopsyllfl (Hystrjchopsyllu) orientalis SMIT i956
Sto veil ij a ;
1 J	Julijske Alpe; Trema: Pri cerkvi. 7!0m. 12. fX. 1968, from Chionomys nivalis. S.
Brelili & J. Doviü;
I J	Julijske Alpe: Krma, 1.000 m., 18. Vll[, I%7, from Chionomys nivalis, B, Petrov &
S. Brslih.
Hrvatska:
Id 2 J	Veiebit: Zavižan, VuCjak, 1,550 m,, 18, Vlit. 1976. from ChiortDfnys rt/ita/i.v.
N. Tvrtkovit;
1 s	Velebii: Bilcnski Padež, 1.240 m., 16 VIII. 1976, from Cbimomya nivalis. N. Tvn-
kovii;
2 cf is	Velebii: Corina Prosi na, 1,350 m „29, IX, 1974, from Chimomys nhüUs, N. Tvn-
kavič;
I 9	Velebit: Malovan, 1,600m,, 15. VII. 1983, from ("fconwnj.v nivalin. N, Tvnkovit
Boisna i Hercegovina:
1	9	Bosfla: Cinear, 1,700 m., 13, IX. I ?80. from Chianamys ttivuHf or Dinctromyx bog-
danovi. B. Krjätufek.
r rna G ora;
2	5	Viluiii, Übödina, ÖSI) m,, 15. IX. 1970. from Dinammys bo^danovi. B. Peirov &
G- Diukič.
s. Bretihr Eaopumilical entoniofauna...
In the last years numerous authors (SKURATOWECZ 1972, BEAUCOURNU & LAU-NAV 1979, BEAUCOURNU, LAUNAY &, VALLE 1982) treated the subspecies Hystri-Lhopsyila laipac mlpae and //,/, orkmalis as independent species with a number of subspecies. The taxonomic problems of these two species will be dealt with in detail in one ofour füLune works because Oinaromys haj^danovi and Chiononiys nivalin' are not its true hosts.
3, Atyphlticer^ nuperus paiinus (JORDAN 1931)
H r V a 1 s k a :
2?
Velebit: Müdrica dolac, 1,460 m., 13, X, 1977. from Cfiiano/nys nimtii, N. Tvrtko-vie,
A. nuperuii is a relatively rare winter species living in the mountains of eastern and central Europe. WAGNER (1939) cited its eastern race/l.n, pahnus for Serbia (Kopaonik) whereas it was later stated also in Slovenia i.e. at Kamniška Bistrica (ROSICKY & CARNELUTTJ 19 58). Our collection includes more than 40 specimens from various places in Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia. Most of our specimens were caught in mountainü, whereas six males and five females in the lowlands of Prckmuije (Lendava, tmi log, leg B. KRYStU-FEK), at less than 160 m. of altitude. It most frequently lives on voles and much less so on mice. The ma most probably results from the fact that we rarely collected in mountains during the winter.
4. Rhadinop&yllA (Actendphihalnius) sp. (Žljeb) (Figs. 4, 5, 8)
Srbija; Kosovo;
1 s	Zljeb: Kiila, IjKlra.. 14. V], (977, from Dinaromys hoi^tiann^i. fi, Petrov;
I p	ibidem, 2S. V. 1979, M. M i len ko vi t
fifi, 4 fi/KuIinop.iyt!!} sp., sternum VII and outline oflei^ni VII of two females; Kula, Žljeb Mis., Kosovo
In the shape of the gena I comb and the meiathorax ihe two tetnales caught on D. bogda-mvi from Žljcb closely resemble Rh, mesa JORDAN & ROTHSCHILD but differ therefrom as well as from Rh. mesoidcs SMET in a shorter distance between the frontal tubercle and the oral ijngle(Fig, 5), three antepj'gidia I bristles and a deep sinus on the apical marpn of the Vll^"! tergite (Fig. 4b), a double irreguJar now of bristles on the Vlf'' stemile and also in the apical margin of the Vff^stemite (Fig, 4a) which is similar to that in Rk. pisymydis (Z A V ATT AR]). In this ease we most likely have to do with a new spccies, however, the description of the species would require also a male. Both females were caught in an area that is not easily accessible, especially so in the winter time, which applies also tq the nids ofD. bogdanovi to be found deep in rocky cracks.
S. Rhadinopsyllu (Aclenophthalmas) dolumydis SM IT 1957 (Fie. 7)
Hrvatska;
1 «	Vdebit: Predzid, 800 m., 26, VII. 1975, from Dmaromys hogdannvi. N. Tvrkovic;
2 <i 1 9	Kozjak: Malačka. Opor, 500 m,. 28. tV, 19 74, trom Dinommyii fKjgäanovi. S. Breli fi
& J, Gregoji;
1 tf I 9	ibidem, 6. X. 1975, from PmaTomys bii^arnni, N, Tvnkovic,
Fig. 5. Rhadmopsylla sp., hi:ad of fennale: Kala, Žljeb Mis., Kosovo.
s. Brelih: Eclopara^itieal entcimofagna .-
l\
Fig, 6, Rhaäinüpsytia sp., head of male; Oboditia, Vilusi. Montenegro,
Bosna i Hercegovina:
Heixegpvina: Prenj, from Polomyssp. (^Dinaromyi ht^/fcianovi), WAGNER 19J9; 157 {Reaoßüniia L^acatttfitix Roihsch. = Rhiiäirtopsyäa dotomydis}-, I 5	Bosna; Sarajevo, Bjela^nica, 2,000 m,, E, M art in o. froro Dnlomyx hogtionovi mara-
kavici f=Dit>arf>mvs bogdanovi). E, Martino, WAGNER 1^30; 26 {Rhadinopsylla mmanihuy ROTHSCH. = Rh. dohmydUy,
Bosna: Sarajevo, Trebevič, from Dt>lot»ys hf}gcianovi marako^/ici t=Diiiariit>tys bog-dantnfi): WAGNER 1930; 34, 41 fRhmlinopsylta hiüamhm - Hk äotomyäis): 1 j	ibidem, 10, XI. 1946, from Dolomys hitgdanovi (=OinarDmy.i bogdanovi), K. Mar-
lino, coll. Zemeljski muzej Bosne i Herccfovine, Sarajevo; 4 J	ibiJcm, 15, VIJ. 1955, ftotii Doiomya (=Dinarümyi) htigdanüvi, F. Schmid; SMIT
1957: 73, 75 (hoTotype, alJofype and paratypes); I f	Hefcsgüvina: Zelengara: Orlovac. 1.650 m., 12. VI. 1986, from DittaKHiys bogda-
Fiovi, B, KryätvifeL
CrtiB Gora:
Oijcn {surrouding top), 1,750 m., 2. VI. 1979, from Dinaromys bogdantm, M- Mi-leu kovic:
J d	Ivangrad, Bjctasica, 2, J00 m., 17, [X. 1^70, frem ßinarnntys /togt/ffßuvj. B. Petrov
& G. Diukič;
I cT	[vangrad, Bjelasica. Jelovica, 1,400 m., 18, V[l, 1^76. from Dinaromys bugdanovi.
H. Kn/Stufek;
1 rf	ibidem, from A Podemus ßaricollis:
1	c* 1 9	ibidem, 18. IX. 1981, firotu DinarOmys bogdanovi, B, Petroi & M, Miienicovič. Srbija: Kosovo:
2	a I p	2ljeb: K ula, 1,7 50 m13. V11. 1978. froTii üiitanimya bn^dan wv!. B. Peirov, S. B rtl i h
&. B. KrySiufck;
2d 1 5	ibidem. 38, V. 1579, from Dinaromy.i bogäaituvi, M. Miknkovtč.
Makedon ij j:
2 if	Sar planina; Popova Sapfci. I ,^00 - 3.000 m.. JO. Ji. 1965, Trum Dinaromys
novi, B. Petrov;
I iJ'	Korab; Vdika Korabska vraCa, atfout 1,900 m„ 7, VIfr 1935. from Dohmys greften-
^čikavi kofubetisis (=DinaTt!/nj.'.\ boj^anovi), V. Martino; SM IT 1957: 306 (parj-
lype).
Rh. äofomydis is somewhat rane I i er than Ctenopktkalmm mfetodes. According to the latest siätementii iti distribution area axtendi from the southern Vrfebit to Trebevic near Sarajevo to Gaiičica near Ohrid. It lives sympatrically with the majority of the subspecies ofO. nifejodea. It has so far failed to be collected in the territory of the northern and the southern Veiubit i.e. the living-space of its true host fl bogdanovi.
- Rhadinopsjlla {Actenophthalmu«) sp. (Vilusi)
(Figs. 1)
Crna G 0 ra:
1 <1	Vilusi, Obodina, •JJOm-, 15. IX. 1^70, from Dinaromvi hofidanovi. B. Petrov &
G. Dfukit
In most ofils determination characteristics the male caught at Obodina near Vilusi coincides with Rh. doiomydu, however, it clearly diflers from therefrom in its genal comb (Fig, 6) comprising 6 teeth (which exceptionally appears also in Rh. dotomyäh) which arc much more pointed, the dorsal side of the upper spine being flat and the two lower spines thinner. In spile of the considerable difference to be noticed in the genal comb this specimen most probably belongs to Ä/i, dolomydis. A reliable identification would require more material from this locality.
6. RhadinopsylJ« (ActenophtJiulmus) integelk integella JORDAN & ROTHSCHILD 1921
Srbija;
1 s	Stara planina: Tri £uke. 1.900 m., 10. X. 1947, from Chionamys nivuüi. A Ruiič &
a. Petrov; ROSlCKY & TODOROVIČ !964: 212.
Rh. imegelia is a iate autumnal and winter mountain species living on numerous small mammals, primarily voles, most frequently feeding on CiethrinnQmys ghreoiiia. The parasites
s. B re lih: Ectoparsiitical cntomofeuna...
13
Fig. 7. Mapofihe distribution oiRhüdin{}psyUa^lahm}^isS,tA^TandRh. sp. (Vilüsi, MontertegroJiTi Yugoslavia.
often pass over from Ci. s^areolm to Ckionomyn nivciiis and vice-versa for these two voles live sympatrically. Rh. imegeih was found on Chionomys nivalis but once, which is probably due lü the fact that we rarely hunted the snow vole during the winter.
7. DoratupsylJadasycnema dasycnema (ROTHSCHILD 1897) Bostia i Hcrcegoviflat
1 g	Bosna; Saior; Sabina ercda, 1,620 m., 13, IX, 1983, from Dinaromyi hogdanovi,
N. Tvrtkovic.
With us (.he transitions from insectivores to voles and mice are not rare. Nevertheless, we could state only the above-mentioned c^ a in pie of transition of D. dasycnema^ whose true hosts are the shrews from the genera Sotex and Neomys, to Dimromys hogdanovi- No ßea from inseclivores was found on Chionomys nivati'i, however, on 5ore.v araneus a female of Csenophthalmus orphilus was found, its true host being Chionomys nivath (BRELIH and PETROV 1978: 42).
8. CtenuphtJiAJmus (SpaJacoctenopJithalmusf monficok ((COHAUT (900 Makedonija;
1 rf	gar pl anina: Popova ?Sapka. I .SOO m., V Kl. 194«, fToni Ckionomys n ivdis, B. Pelrov,
The true host of O. monticola is Spalax /eucodofj permanently living in deeper Jayers of the soil, so its contact with Dinaromy.; bvgdamvi and Chionomys nivalis can only octur by chance. So the llcas most likeJy paw over from Spalax to Dimwmys via intermediate hosts such as Apodemus syhmtcus and Pitytnys .wbierraneu^. That are spread everywhere, having passages in underground layers as we If as rocky cracks.
From Dutmilorf^abljak, leg. B. KRYSTI IFEK) we also possess an example offlea tranzit i on in the opposite direction i.e. troin Dinuromyn (Ci- lUßdfäesj to Spat ax.
9. Cteaophthalmus (CteDophthalmus) agyrtis wagnerianus PEUS 1950 Slovenija:
19	Ju i ijske AIpe: Ma ngrt, 1,900 m., 9. J X, i 9S1, from CAwnn ffiys wf w/jj, S Bre lih & G.
Džukič.
id 4-9	Julijske Alpt Dom v Planici. 1,000 m., J. V. 1983, From Chionomys nivalis, B. Kry-
Štufck;
1 9	Trnovski gozd Caven, 1,240 m , 3. X. 1968, from Chionomys rtivalis. S, Brei i h & R,
Jclinfif.
I d	Cerknica, Otok, 550 m., 6. VIII. l%7,fmmOtfl«rtmrvMi>ti/«, B. Petrov & S. Brelih;
I cf	Snežnik, 1,400 rn.. 7- Vfl. 1973. from Chui/wmyi nhalh. S, Brei i h
H r v <11 s k a :
3 rf 3 9	1st ra; U^ka J, 100 m. J 2. V !1. 196^. Imrn	f)! Ki/iJ, B. Peirov i S. Brelih;
I !	Goraki Kotar Risnjak, 1,400 m., 1. IX. 1978, from Chionnmy.'^ nivalis. S. Brelih &
J, Oregon.
10. Oenophthalmiis (Clenapbthalmus) agyrtes dinarus ROST IG AYE V 1959 Hrvatska:
2	tf I 9	Vdebit: Zavižan, Vu^ak, 1,550 m.. 5. VI. 1977, from Chionomya nivalis, N. Tvn-
kovič;
I«	idem. 12. X. 1977;
Irf 2f	idem, B, VI, 1981;
2 s	ibidem, 26. VI. 1981, from Chivnomys niralis. S. Brelih;
1	9	Vslebit: Zavižan, Modiita dolac, 1,460 m.. 13, X, 1977. from Chi<inifmy.f mvedis,
N. Tvrtkovič;
1 d	Velebit: Zavižan, Vukušič sniježnica, 1,420 m,. 28, IX, 1975, fnom Chionomys niva-
lis, Tvrtkovič;
3	rf 3 9	Velebit: BabrovaCa, 920 m., 22. IV. 1983, from Chionomya nivalis, N. Tvrtkovič;
2	9	ibidem, 21. V. 1984, from Chionomys nivalis, B, Qjetvaj;
1 9	Velebit: Saiinac, 1,220 m., 20. VIII. J976, from Chionomys nivalis. M. Tvrtkovič;
I cf 2 s	Velebit: Corina Pnjsina, 1,350 m., 29. IX. 1974, from Chtonamys nivaiis, N, Tvrt-
kovič;
s. Br^lih: Ectoparasitical tntomofaima,..	15
1	rf	Velebit: Buljma, 1.400 m„ I. X. 1974. from Chioftatfiys livaiis, N. Tvrtkovii;
I s	VelebitL Predzid. 7 SO m., 21, II [. 1976, from Chionomys nivalis, N, Tvrlko\-ii.
I s	Velebii: Malovan. 1,600 m.. 15. Vil. 1983. from Chionomys niialii, N. Tvrtkovič;
2	tf	Kozjak; Maiafka, Opor, 500 m,, 6. X, 1975, from Dinaromys bo^danori, N. Tvrt-
kovič (iniermediate between sspp. dinams and ohridanus).
11. Ctenophthatmas (Ctenophthalmus) aeyrte^; ohridanus WAGNER 1939 Makedonija:
1	(f	Galičica. L600 m.. 9. VII. 1978. from Dinaromys boj^amm. H. Petrov. S. Brelih &
B, Kr^šlufek',
2	cf	ibidem, 11. X. 1983, from Cbiofsomy;: mvaiis. B. Krystufek & M- Bclanovii.
IZ. Ctenophthalmus (Ctenaphthalmus) agjnes seTbkws W AON ER 1930
Črna Gora:
3e	Duraiitor Valovito jciero, 1,7IS m., 23. IX,	from l^inammy.'i bn^danovi,
B. Petrov & M, Milenkovid; 1 rf	iTianennJ, Bjela^ca: Jelovica, l,4Wm., ^S- IX. 19^1. frum lünaromys
B. Petrov & M. Milenkovič; 1 s	Knmovi; Siavtia, 1,750 17. Vil. 1 8, ffDin ChionQray^s nivaUit, B. Petrov, S, Brelih
& fl. Krystitfek.
Srb ija ;
M 3 9	Stara planina: Ponor, 1,400., 2S. VI, 1947, from Chionomys nivaiii. h. ftužič
B, Pttrov.
Srbija; Kosovo:
I tf 1 9	Žljcb: K u la, 1.7 50 m., 13. VII. 19 7 R, from Dinaromys ht)gti{inovi. B. Petro v, S. Brelih
& B. Krystufek.
13. Ctenaphthalmus (Oenophthaimus) afiyrtes graecus JORDAN 1926 Makedonija:
I i? 1 9	Sar planina: Popova Sapka. 1,900 m.. 10. X. 1965, from Citionrtmyn nivalis, B. Pet-
rov,
- Ctenophthatmus (Ctenaphthalmus)	^^P-
Hosna i Hcrcegovina:
I f	Bobnar Sütor Babirta greda. 1,620 m., 13. IX. !983, from Dinaromys /M^anovi.
N, Tvftkovic,
Črna Gora:
I s	Viiusi. Obodina. 950 m,. 29. VIII. 1952, from Dinar<>/nys fiogdanovi. G. Džukič.
Available from these two finding places are only female^ so we arc not in position to determine subspecies,
Ct, ag}rle<: is a specics which with us parasiiizes on almost all species ofsmali mammals with the exception of bals. Living in Yugoslavia are seven subspecies of Ct. agyrtei. five whereof were staled on Chkiffffmys ff/vafo and three on Dinan/mys hogdanovi.
An ample material has been collected on this specics which is to be presented in detail in one of our future works.
14. OenophrhaJmui (Mediocrenophfhafmirsf orphiJus doJomiticus JORDAN J928
(Figs. S, <i)
S1 o V e i j a; 1 3
Julusfce Alpe: Mangrt, 2,IXH) m,, 28. VIJ. 1973, from Chionaimsnh-a/is, B, Pttrov &
B. Krjštulek;
Fig. (i. Map (jflh? (lisl-ribiition aiCtetmphfhatmm tirphilus dotomilu'us JORDAN, O. dolomydis SMIT, Cathpjiylla caspia (TIFLOV) and Rhudinopfyliä sjs. (Žljeb Mis., Kosovo) in Yugoslavia,
s, Brei i h: ELtoiMrasilical entomofauna ...
17
2	e	ibidem, 29. VtI. 1973. ftom Chiunomya nšvalis, S. Brelih & J, Gregori;
I f	ibidem, 1,900 m., 9. FX. !98i, fmm Chianornys	S. Brelih & G. Džukic;
I 9	Julijske Alpe Krma, 1.000 m., 18. VJIJ. I%8, from Chionomvs isimlis, B. Petrov &.
S. Brelih;
1	9	ibidem. 18 A'III. 1968, from Sorexaram'tis, B, P«trav & S. flrclih: BRELIH & PET-
ROV 1978:42;
3 rf 2 ?	Julijske Aipe: Vemar (Vodnikova koča), ca. 2,000 m., from Chhnomys nrafo;
WAGNER 1938: 253 Iholotypeand paratypcs o\Cietiophthaimus sdavinui WAGNER 1933 = CienophtUatnnts orphiins Momincui JORDAN 1928); I rf Is	Julijske Alpe^ Zgornja Krma. 15. Vil. 1963, from Ckionortivs nnaiU wasneri. J,
Wagner, HOPKINS & ROTHSCHILD 196«: 430;
3	S	Julijske Alpe: Dom v Planici. l.OOOm., 3. V. 1983. from Chionomvs miafe,
B. Kry^tufck;
2	?	Kamniäke Alpe; Kamniäko sedlo, 1,880 m., 23. VI. 1957, from Chio»om\x ttivaiix.
J, Nosiek, S, Brelih & M. Ttpiä; ROSICK^ & CARNELUTTl 19S9-. 140. Id- 4 s	Snežnik, 1,6M m., 20. VII 19« 7, from Chionomyi nivaiis, B. Peinjv Ä S. Brelih,
H r v a 14 k a : I rf 2 f I cr
Gorski Kotar. Risnjak, I.4f30m., MX. 1978, Trom Chiontimyt niwiin. S. Brelih & J. Gregori;
ibidem, from Cieikrionomys glareohis.
The true host of this relatively rare flea is Chiunomys nivalh It but except ionu 11 y passes over to other small mammals. In Yugoslavia one specimen was also found on Ciethriiynomys
fihrcf>hi,<i ünd Sßrpx aranfitS-
Ct. oyphihts is spread above all in the Alps, reaching in the northeast over Lower Austria as tar the High Taim Mountains in Czechoslovakia. In Yugoslavia il was Ibund in the Julian and the Kamnik Alps, as well as in the northwestern part of the Dinaric Alps (Snežnik, Risnjak),
In Yugoslavia C/jiwflomvj nhaiis is spread (Fig. 3) from the Julian and the Kamnik Alps in Slovenia Over the entire Dinaric chain of mouniains and Sar planina to Pelister in Macedonia, as well as in eastern Serbia (Stara and Suva planina, Basara). With us two Ilea species
Fig, 9, Cienaphhulmus orjtfiiiua c/ufomiViriu JORDAN, sie mum VII offtmale and outline of sternum VH: a. Mangit Ml., Julian Alps, Slovenia; b. Sneinit: Mts., Slovenia: c. Risnjak Mi., Goreki Koiar, Croaüa,
are characleristit: ofil, namely, Ct. orphilui menlioned before and Caihpsylla ca.'ipia which according lo the pres^ni findings is restricted exclusively to Pelister. On the remaining pan or its distribution area it is infested oniy with species whose true hosts are other small mammals. It is interesting to note thai irr ihe entire territory where Difiaromys bogcianovi is spread (as well as O- nifeiodes), Chionnmys ntvaiis does not have fleas otherwise charjcteristic of It.
(-Ctenophthalmiis (Medioctenophthaimus) nrvaJis nivalis ROTSCHILD 1909) Slovenija:
1 5	Julij&ke Alpe: Rodica, from Chionomys niralis: WAGNER 1939: 157,
WAGNER's statement (1939: 157) that Ci. nhalix nivalis is stated in the Julian Alps (Ro-dica) is not correct, tt tias been established that the nominate subspecies ofO. nivalis jives in thfFrenth Alpsoi:ly whereas the subspeciesfFJ-vwiwi-JORDAN & ROTHSCHILD 1920, and hclveticus SM IT 1963, in the Swiss Alps. Ir the time when Wagner published this information the tafLonomy of O. tiivalix was still rather unclear, so he classified to this species also iispp, nif^ivdes and cit^tiiae. SM fT (1957, 1963) solved these problems and determined Cr ni/elo^ex as an independent species. Cl nivalin- has been proven to be an es pressed! y A1 pint-species, whose true host is Cfiianomys nivalis, and C'f. rtifetodes a Dinaric-Sär-Pindic species, whose true host is Dinaromys hoi^danovj, Nevertheless it lias not been decided to which species belongs the sole female frorn Rodica. The females ofCf. nivaiix helveliciv; and Ct. nijeiodes hrelifti so closely resemble one another thai it is virtually impossible to distinguish them with any degree of reliability. Taking into account the fact that Rodica is more than ten times closer to Hotodr^ica (the only known finding place od Ct. n. hrcUhi) than to Si m pi on Pass (loc. typ of O. n, heheticua) and as the Julian Alps make part of the same lecton ic w hole as the Din a tic and the Sar-Pindic mountair>s, jt is likely for the said female to belong to Ct. fiifetodes, even though the host {Chionomys nivalis) and the highland ecological conditions speak in the favour of C!- nivalis. The solution of this problem urgently requires a male that we failed to find in spite of repeated efforts to do so.
15, Ctennphthalmus (Medioctenophthalmus) nifetodcs brclihi ROSICKY & CARNELUTTl 1959 (Figs. 10. 11.25b)
Slovenija:
3 3 ?	Logatec, I loledršica, Novi svet, 700 m, (not 1,2M m,), VI J). 1 froT« Ghf ghf,
R & N. Jclitičič; ROSICKY & CARNELUTTl 1959; 140. 1 e	ibidem, 4. Vlll !967. from GUs yfo, S. Brehh & R. Jclintif.
Cf. n. brelihi is described on the basis o three males and three females caught on G lis ^lis in Novi svet near Hoiedr^ica. In spite of numerous attempts in the same place and the relevant localities in the surroundings we managed to catch only one female of t h is subspecies, and thai on the same host and in the same local!ry. The true host of O. /lijeiodes is Dirtaromys bogdanovi, which has been confirmed in almost all other subspecies of this flea in Yugoslavia. Cl. nifetodes quite frequently passes over to other hosts with which iJinarttmys shares its living-space in rocks. These are above all Chionomyf nivalis, Gii.n gtis and ApuUcmus njy.^ta-dnus. Of the a fore-mentioned species only a fat dormouse was caught in the vicinity of Ho-
s. Brelih; Ecloparasitical entomofauna
19
Fig. JÖ. Map of the distribution oi Cwnophthalmus nifewdes (WAGNER) in Yueoslavia.
tedrsica, whereas in :he nearby Javomit (Hrušica) as welJ as some other somewhat more remote locAJiiies (Trtiovski gozd, Snežnik) also Chionomys ni\alh which, however, was never infested wich O, nifeHKies, Thus, there siill remains an open question of the true host of O. H. hrelihi. In spite of a yearlong search we failed to catch living specimens of Ü. bogfianmi in Slovenia, while Pleistocene fragments of Ö. cf. ba^iiamvi where found near Ilirska Bistrica and those of/5, dalmatinus in the vicinity of Trieste in Italy, Both finding places are about 40 kn^ away from Hotedrsica, With respect to the present state of investigations it could be concluded that in the territory of Slovenia the species of the genus Dinaromys have become cxtinct, white their specific flea Ct. nifelodes has survived and has found new hosts.

12
13
14
Figs. 11-J4. CtenophlhaJmus rti/elodes ispp., pratKsSiS ofclaspen (I I) C w. hnelihr ROSfCKY &. CAR-NELUTTI 1959; (12) C M. tvrlkoridisp.Ti., ho)otype;(!3:i C n, cuiJPWiH' WACJNER, lectolype, adaptftl according to SMIT Ä WRIGHT 1965; (14); C petrori isp. r., holotypc,
s, Brelih: Ectoparasitical entomofanaa«.
21
15
tO
17
18
FigS. 15-1 S. Ctemphthtilmiis nißiftdfi sspp., processes of cJa&perL (15) C ii. krysiufeki öp n., holmypc: (16) C, ff. dzukici ssp. n., holotype: {!?) C n. »ißiodes WAGNER. Trcbevic Mt., Bosnia, adapted according to SM IT 1957; (18) C. n. maninorum SMIT, holotype, adapted according to SM IT 1957,
16. Cteniiphthulmus (Medioctenophthalmus) niretodes rvrt kovici ssp. n. (Figs. 10. 12, 2ia, 25a)
Hrvatska:
I rf 2s
2d 4 9 2S
i s
I?
Veiebit: Zavižan, Vu^jafc. 1,550m.. IS. VNl. 1976, (Vom Chionv/nys n/ia/Z.v, N. TvrtkovLč:
idem, J,600m.. 23.V[. 1981;
VeJcbiir Zavižan, Modrica dolac, 1,460 m., 8. iX. 1979, fro m Chioiiomys ntvaliX N. Tvrtliovič;
VelehiuZaviiati. Modrica dolac{Boiani2ki vri), 1,460 m., S. IX, 1979, from ülisgüs, N. T-urikovič;
Velebit: Gorrtja Klada. 350 m.. 26, VI. 1981, from Dinarümyx f>ogdano\t N. Tvn-kovič k H, JalHč;
Velebil: Bačič Kuk, WO m., 25. VJl. 1976. from Oiaaromyji hügdantm, N. Tvrtko-
VJČ,
Hofotype male (No.: (A-P-^542) from Vučjak near Zavižan, North Velebit, Croatia, 1,600 m., 23. VI. 19S I. from Cfiiünantvs nivalis, leg. N, TVRTKOVIČ and aäJotype female (No.: IA-P^439). 1,550 m,. 18, VI!]. 1976, ail other data the same as with the holotype. Pa-ratypes: 2 males and 8 females from Vučjak and Modrica dolac (other data stated above). The typical material is kept at the Natural History Museum of SJovenia in Ljubljana {coll. S. BRE-LIH) and the British Museum (Nal. Hist.}.
Diagnosis: Ssp. mikovici closely resembles ssp. brelihi, difTering therefrom primarily in that on the apical margin of the movable process the first »wart« is not developed and that it has no short ma^^inal seta on ihe posterior margin immediately behind the second »wart«. The females do not differ from ssp. breliki.
19
20
Figs, 19-20. Ctenophtkatmus tiifeiodes sspp., outline of processes ofciasper (19) ssp, from Stinomik Mt., Oijcn Mis., Montenegro; (20) ssp. from Galičica Mts„ Macedonia.
s. Brelih: Ectopana&itical entomorauiia,..
Description; Male (Fig. 12). Dorsal lobe (L') of the fixed process slightly higher than broad, pyramidal or subpyramidal; ventral lobe (LO of the fixed procesi short. Supra fovea 1 portion of t he movable proceiistiuadtingular. posterior apical angle rectangular, Anterior apical angle of the movable process sounded, broadened and elevattrd above (he level ofthe second half of the apical margin. The first »wart« of the apical margin is not developed. No short marginal seta on the posterior margin immediattily behind the second »wan«. There are 4-i tetrad bristles. Jn the lower part of the posterior margin there is a deep sinus as in the ease of ssp. hreliki. The apical margin ofst. VHI as in Rg. 2ia. Phallosome as in the other subspecies.
Fernale (Fig, 25a). l.obe of the apical margin of st. VII broad and short as in ssp. brelihi,
The only specimen available is from Gornja Klada, caught on D. hogdanovi, having L' of the fixed process more rounded in the apical part and L^ slightly longer {nevertheless distinctly shorter than in ssp.i'ujjfniü^) than the specimens from Zavižan, which represents a transition to ssp, etigeniae and was therefore not considered as a paratype. Similarly, also the females front Ba^ič K uk were not taken into account as paratyp^^ since no males are available from that p [ace. In three speciemens the apical margin of the fixed process passes over to the posterior margin under the right angle and in the fourth specimen under a blunt angle (approx.. 110'). In the specimens from Zavihan the number of tetrad bristles amount h to 5+ 5, 5 + 4, 4 + 4, and in the specimen from Gornja Klada to 5+5.
Morphologically ssp. (vwAfniW comes closest to ssp. Art>//A/though by the shape of its movable process it already siightly approaches ssp. eugeniae. A step forward in this direction is the population from Gornja Klada.
A^ll specimens of ssp. tnf kovici from Zaviian (Vučjak, Modrica do lac) were caught on ChipnonTysnivaä<i. Their original host is no doubt D. hogJanovi which in the northern Velebit has so far been caught up to 990 m. of altitude. Thus the population from Zavižan seems to have lastingly changed its host and this probably explains the reason why lesser morphological dilTerences exist between this population and the specimen from Gomja Klada.
I named the new species ai\er my friend and colleague, the theriologist Nikola TVRTKO-V1Č, MSc., principal of the National Zoolojjical Museum of Croatia in Zagreb, in thanks for his yearlong help in my research of siphonaptera of Yugoslavia.
17, CtenophHialmus (MedioeteHophthaimus) nlfetodes euceniae WAGNER 1938 (Figs. 10. ) 3. 21 b-e. 26)
H ri» a t s k a :
! tf	Velebit: Buljma, 1,400 m,, 2. X. ['J74. from Chionomys nivalis, N. Tvrtkovič;
i 9	Velehrt: Prediid. 750 m., 5. VH. 1975. from Apt^dentus ayhaiku^. N. Tvnkoviči
5 e	ibidem, SfMiii., 26. VII, 1975, from Dinnromys fiogtJanmi, N, Tvrtkovič;
tf \ i	K Olja k: Malačka. Opor, 500 m.. 2S, IV. 1974. from Dittanmys bogäanüri, S. BreHh
& J. GregoriL
1	?	idem, from ApüdL'mus mysiaiifitts:
I d"	ibidem, 6, X. 1975, from Dinaromy^ t>of;danovi, N. Tvrtkovič;
2<i I e	Biokovo: Vošac, Stara snijcžrica, 27. Vlll. 1976, from Dinammys fxygdatmi.
M. Tvr(kovic;
2	fl	idem, from Ajxxiemt^i' tttysiacinas:
I 9	Kardeljevo (=Ploüe), Bačinska jezera, 40 m.^2. V. 1974, from Diiiaromvs hogdanmi.
S. Brelih & J. Cregari,
Boisnd i Hercegovina: I d
4?f
U
3? l¥
t tf
la 7?
Bosna; Satoi: Sabina greda, 1,620 m.. 13. IX. 1%3, from Dinüromvji hugdamvi. N. Tvrtitovič;
Bosna: Salon Satoi^ko jeiero, 1,488 m., 13. [X. 1983, from Dinaramys biigiian<fvL B. Kri'stufek;
BosTia: Cmcar, 1,700 m,, 13. IX. 1980, fvom Dinaromys hogdanovi. B. Krj'äUifek; idem, from cleihrionom}:! glareolus:
Bosna! Cincar Ravnine, 1,456 m., 14. IX. 19S0, from Dinaromys bogdanovi N, Tv-rtfcovič;
Herctjovina; Poklefiani, Piidino vrelo, 1,000 m., 13. V, 1971, from ZJinammj.f dünoii. B. Ptirov;
Hereejtovtna: Prcnj: Cmo polje, 1,400 m., 14. VMl. J93ö, frcim Dalontys {^ina-n)mys hoifJatiovi). E. Maritno; WAGNER 1^38:253 (holotypc.allotype and paraty-
Fig, 21. CtenophthaimitF rti^lodef sspp,, outline of sternum VIll of males: (a) C, n. tvrtkavki ssp, n., ho-Jotype and paratyjxss; b - e, C n. engeniae WAGNER: (b) Buijma, Velebit Mts., Croatia; (c) Prokleiani, Hereegovina; (d) Biokovo Mts,. Dalmatia, Croatia; («) Malaika, Kogak Mts., Croatia.
Fig. 22. Cicnophifmtmus nifetodei eiifatodes WAGNER, outline of sternum VIll oPinales; a, Oijen Mts.. Montenegro; b. Durraitor Mts., Monten^o; c. Vilusi, Montent-gro,
s. Brelih: Ectoparasiticai entpmofaiina,.,	25
O. n. eugeniae is spread from the southern V debit and Šator highlands in the northwest to Prenj and the moüih of the Neretva in the southeast. It has so far been stated in ten squares according to the !0 km. UTM system. Thediffereneesairiong single populations are small and unimportant t he ugh they beeome n^ore obvious in single specimens. Jn the population Trom Sator highlands L^ of the fixed process is shorter than i: is characteristic of ssp. eugeniae. showing a link with ssp. tvrtkoxici.
Supplement to the Description: In most of the specimens the supra foveal portion of the movable process is more rhomboidal than rectangular so that the posterior apical angle forms an acute angle (75' - 85°, exeepEionally 90'). On the apical margin of the movable process, directly behind the sen si I la and before the first »wart« there sometimes appears another un-prenounced »>wart«, whereas in certain populations the firet »wart« is developed but weakly. In all populations there are five tetrad bristles on either side, with the exception of the population from Biokovo in which ont? specimen had 4 bristles on the right and another 6 bristles on the Icrt side.
Ctenophtiiaimus (.VledicKteTiophthalmus) niretoile!» pel rovi ssp. n. (Figs. 10, 14, 24 a, b, 27)
C r n a Gora:
Id- I <f	Komovi: Stavna. 1,800 m., 17. IX. 1967, from Chhnumys nivalis. B. Petrov;
2 d	ibidem, 1,900 m., 21. IX, 1981, from Dirianmiys bogtianmi, B. Petrov & M. Milen-
kovič.
Srbüa: Kjoiovo
19 if ! 3 e	Žljeb: Kula, 1,7SO m,, 13, V11, 1978, from Dinammyi bogda/iovi. B- PetTO>, S. Brelih
& B, Krysiufek:
6 d 7 ?	ibidem, 2&, V, 1979, from Dinammys hogdanovi, M. Milenkovič.
Hoiotype male (No,: IA-P-4881) and allotype female (1A-P-4907) from Slovenia in Ljubljana (coll. S, BRELIH) and the British Museum <Nat. Hist.).
Diagnosis: By the shape of the movable process ssp, petrovi resembles ssp. eugeriae^ however, in the new subspecies this process is slightly narrower, its foveo-apical portion having the shape ofa square. On the posterior margin, directly behind the posterior apical angle there are one short marginal and une submarginal seta,
Description: Male (Fig. 14). L' of the fixed process equally broad as high, subpyramidai or rounded. L^ long. The foveo-apical portion of the movable process rectangular, the anterior, the apical and the posterior margin relatively flat; the first »wart« is situated approximately in the middle of the apical margin. The apical margin forms a right angle with the posterior one. The second »wart« forms a posterior apical angle, immediately behind it there are a shon marginaf and a submarginal seta on the posterior mai^n. Growing on either side are four tetrad bristles, their alveoli lying very closely to one another. The tobe ofthe margin of St, VIII immediately above the sinus broadly rounded (Fig. 24 a). Phailosome as in the other subspecies.
Female (Fig. TS). By the shape of the apical margin of st. Vll they do not differ from tlie ]'iominate subspecies.
Fig. 23. Ciervphihiilmus nißtodes sspp., outline of sttmuiii VIK of males: a. C. n. dzukki ssp. n., paraty-pes, Jelovica Ml,. Bjctüsica Mts., MontereBnj, b, C- n. martini>mm SMIT, Popova Sapka, Sar planina. IVfacixlonia.
Fig. 24. denuphihalmui nißlodei sspp.. ouiline of stcmum V[ll of malcK a, b. C n peirovi ssp. ti., (a) hototype and paratypcs, (b) Komovi M ti., Montenegro; c. C. n, krystufeki ssp. n„ holotypc.
The population from Žljeb Ls very homogeneous, little dilTerences are lo be observed only jn the dorsaJ Jobe of the fixed process which in some cases is sharper and in others more rounded. [ti certain specimens another unpronounced scleralized promitience appears on the posterior margin, immediately above the tetrad bristles.
In all of its essential characteristics the population from the Komovi Mts. coincides with ssp. peirovi though in single specimens divergencies can be observed towards the surrounding species. Thus, one male only has the same apical margin of st, VIJ] as ssp, petrovi (or maf-titjoruin), and two males an apical mai^n more similar to that of ssp, nifeiodes (Fig. 24 b}. In one specimen the apical margin of the movable process descends obliquely from the anterior to the posterior angle (similarly as in ssp. krystiijeki}, and in two of ihem in the same way as in ssp. perm vi.
1 named the new subspecies after my friend and colleague, the leading Yugoslav therio-logist Dr. Boris PETROV from Belgrade, in thanks for his yearlong collaboration and help in my research ofsiphonaptera of Yugoslavia.
s. Brc lih: Ectoparasilicai ^tomor^una.,.
27
19. Cunophihalmus (Medioctenophthalmus) nifctodes krystufeki ssp. n. (Figs, 10, 15,24 c)
Makedonija;
1 J
Bistra, 1,750 m., 16, V111, 1980, ftom Dinaromyi hogiJanoK'i. B. Ki^šiufek,
Holoiypemale{Nri. 1 A-P-fi056) from Bistra M ts.. West Macedonia, (otiier data given above}; kept at the Natural HistPO' Museum of Siovenia in Ljubljana {coll. S, BRELIH).
Diagnosis: By the below stated difierences in the shape of the movable process ssp. krystufeki distinctly differs from all other subspecies of Ci. nifetodes and is closely related only to the undescribed subspecies from Galičica.
Description: Male {Fig. 15). The dorsal lobe of the fixed process slightly broader than high and rounded: the ventral lobe long, the movable process is narrower and higher than in other subspecies, the anterior and the posterior margin running more or less parallelly, the apical margin descending obliquely towards the posterior margin and forming an obtuse posterior apical angle (approximately 115'). The anterior apical angle of the movable process is sharply rounded and slightly sderotized. The first >iwarl« is situated just before one half and the second »warttf at the end of an almost straight apical margin. The posterior margin of the movable process is almost straight and no short marginal seta can be found on its upper ponion immesdiately under the second »wart«. The holotype has 4 tetrad bristles tin either side- The apical margin ofst. VllI is broadly rounded (Fig. 24 c). The phallosome as in the other subspecies.
Female uncnown.
The only presently known finding place of this subspecies is the highlands of Bistra. The distribution area of ssp. krysiufeki seems to be quite restricted, for 20 km towards K-orab Mts. lying towards the nprdeast there lives ssp. maninvrum and about 60 km towards the south-oriented Gaiičica an as yet unnamed subspecies,
1 named the new subspecies after my friend and colleague, the theriologist Boris KRV-StUFEK, a cut^ator of the Natural History Museum of Slovenia in Ljubljana, in thanks for his yearlong help in my research of siphonaptera of Yugoslavia.
Fifr 25, Ctenaphthalrrtvs nifetodes sspp.i a, C. n. Ivrikoviciisp. n,, sternum VIE of female allotype and outline of rfemutn VII oftemalo paratypes: b, C. n. hreiifii ROSICKY & CARNELUTTl, sternum VI] of female.
(-"ig. lb, Oi^niiphthalmux nifeSodei eusffiiae WAONER, sternum V[l offemaJe and oulline of slcmum VII; a. Predzid. Velebii Mts.,Croatia; b. Biokovo M[5., Croatia; c. Cincar Mts„ Bosnia; d. Malakka, Konjak Mts-, Croatia.
20. Ctenophthaimus (Medioctenophtbslmus) nifetud« ssp. (Galička) (FLgs. 10, 20)
Makedonija;
1 <1
69
Galicica. L600 m., 3. VII. 1967, from Dinatomys hcgdamm, B. Petrov & A. Ruiid; ibidem. 9. VII. 197E, from Dinaramys bogdanovi, B. Petrov, S, ßttiih & B. Krystufek.
The only male of our collection unfortunalely gol lost while being lent. On the basis of tht previouily taken photographs it can be concluded with certainty that this population represents an undescribed subspecies which, however, cantiot be described as we possess no specimen to be detern^ined as a tiolotype. The population from Galičica comes quite to ssp. kry-iiufeki though it has a much longer movable process. In ssp. krystufeki though it has a much longer movable process. In ssp, krysdifeki the posterior tnargin of the movable process is only slightly longer than the apical margin, while it is approximately about twice as long in the population from Galitica.
In spite of repeated attempts wc failed to catch a new male on GaliCica.
s. ßredh: Ectoparuilical crlomofeuna,,.
29
21. Ctenuphthalmus (Medioctenophthalnius) nifctode^ dzukid ssp, n, (Figs. 10, 16, 23 a, 2R)
Crna Gora:
ad' 3 s
1 rf fi s
1 s
4 t? 9 ^
t ?
Ivangrad, Bjelasica, 2,100 m., 17. IX, 1970. from Dinaramys h<igdamvi. B, Ptlrov G. Džukič;
Ivangrad, &je(asi«(: Zekova glava, 2,050 m., 20, V M. I97ö, from pinartmy^ hogäfi-ttmL B. Kri slufek:
ibidem. 19. IX, 1from Dinaromys hogUanavt. a. Pc;trov & M. Milcnkovic; Ivangrad, Bjelaäca; Jetovica, 1,400 m., IS. VII. 1976, from Pittan>mVi högtianovi, B. Kryäiufek;
idem. 24. VN. 1976;
ibidem, 1«, IX. from Dinarainys hogäanovi, 0, Petrov & M, M Hen kov 16; ibidem, 20. IX. 1981, from Cielhrionomys glareolus, B. PetriOv M, Miicnkovic.
Holotype male (No,: fA-P-4430) and allotype female (No,; ] A-P-4431) from Zekova Glava, Bjelasica Mts., Ivangrad, Montenegro. 2,050 m., 20. VIL 1?76, from Dinaramys hogäa-novh leg. B. SCRVStUFEK.; paratypcs 7 males and 11 females from Bjelasica, all other data given above, The typical material is kept at the Natural History Museum of Slovenia in Ljubljana (coll. S. BRELIH) and liie Bnlish Museum (Nat. Hist.).
Diagnosis: Ssp. dzukki resembles the nominate subspecies; it differs therefrom above all in the supra-acetubular portion of I he movable process representing a preceding stage between sspp, nifeiodes iind pvmm. The second »wart« is situated immediately after the posterior margin and is rather remote from the tetrad bristles.
Description: Male (Fig. 16), The fijied process of the clasper is the same a.-? in ssp. nifstodes, but the dorsal lobe is sub pyramidal and equally high as broad. The anterior and the posterior margin oft he movable process run parallel ly to each other whereas the apical margin descends obliquely from the anterior to the posterior angle. The atiterior angle is sharp and sclerotized as in ssp. nifetodes. The first and the second )>wart« are we!I developed and protruding; in between there is an unsclerotized prominence forming a posterior angle. The second »wart« is situated very closely to the posterior angle and inimediately underneath a short submarginal seta. The tetrad bristles are much more remote from this seta than in ssp. nifelodes. There are four tetrad bristles. The apical margin ofst, Vlll and the phallosome are the same as in the nominate subspecies.
Fig. 27. CtenophLhalmtis rtijkodes petravi s^p. n., sternum VH of female and outline of stem urn Vli of fc-malt paratypcs.
Fig. 2B. Ctenophlkalntus nifitiidef dzukici ssp. n,, sternum Vll ot'female allotype and outline of stem um VII of feni^/c petra types; a. Z&kava gtava, Bjelasica Mts., b. Jelovica, fijelds^ Mts., Montenegro.
Ferna k {Fig, 28). The apical margin of it. VK is the same as in ssp. ni/eiodt^i.
Noticeable differences exist among single specimens in the shape of the movable process of the clasper, however, they do not diverge essentially from the description. In one parity pe the second »wart« is merged vfith the posterior apica? angle; in some specimens the promi-ni.~ncc forming a posterior angle is unpronounced and in one case iKlerotized.
I IUI med I he new subspeneij atler my friend and collcagije Georg IIŽUKIČ, MSe., a iier-^^clotogist of the Institute for Biological Research »Si niša S tan kovic« in Belgrade, in (hanks for his yearlong help in my research of siphonaptera of Yugoslavia.
22. Qeaoi^thalniiis (MedioctenophthaJmus) nifetodes nifetodes WAGNER 1933 (Figs. 10, 17,22.29)
So&na i Hercegovina:
4s
2 tf 2s Is
1 (f
2i
üosna: Sarajevo, Trebevic, IS. VI!, 1955, from tiptumys hof^n/ni tnarakovid naromys boi;dano\i). F, Schmid; SMTT 1957: 311.
ibidem, I. IV. 1947, from Dolomy.i bogchnoii preniemis f=Dinaromys bogdanovi^. E, Manino, coil. Zemaljsii muzej Bosne J Hereegovine, Sarajevo [t^Cienophltial^us orphitui sclaviniss Wagner« and nCienophikalnm.'! orphilui en^fniof Wagner«); Hercegovina: Zelengora: Orlovac, 1.650 m., [2. VI. I9S6, from Dsnaromys bogda-novl. B. KryStufet;
Hercegovina; Treskavica; Kmski Grad, 5. !X. 1946, from Dolomrs bogdanori pre-nien-iii {^Oinaromys btigdawvi), E. Mani no, coll. Zemaljski muzej Besne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo;
Hercegovina: Gacko, Bjeiainica, 1,600 m., 4. Vlfl. 1970. from Ciis glis, B. Pcirov,
Crna Gora: 2d If
Durmitor; Valovito jezero, 1,715 m., 23. IX. 1981, from OinarorHf.f bifgdamn'i. B. Peirov & M, Milenkovič;
s. Biel i h: Eclopara»ilica] fnlomofauiia
31
Fig. 29, Cwnophthälmus nifetode^ nifeit>äes WAGNER, sternum VII of female and outline of sternum VII: a, Oqtn Mts,. Montenegro; b, Durmitor Mts., Montenegro.
Id 1	5
I	S
I rf
8 rf 4	s
1 cf I	5
5	9
I	5
Durmitor Dobri do, Sedlo, 2,000 m., 23. IX. 19SI, from Dinartimyx baffdattovi. B, Petrov M, Milen ko vič; idem, l,StX) m., 25. IX. 1981;
Durmitor. Žahljat, 1320 m., 15 , IX, 1984. fhim Spaiax leucodon, B, KLr^štufck; Vilusi, Obodi na, 950 m „ 15. fX, 1970, from Dinammys hogdanmi. B. Petrov & G. Džukiči
ibidem, 29. VIII. 1982, Tram Dittafumyi hoffdanuvi G. Diukič; Oljen (surrouding top), 1,750 m,, 2 VI. 1979, fnjm Dinaromys bo^damivi. M. Milen kovic;
Celiiye, environs, from ülis glis; WAGNER 1933: 279 ( »Clcnophihitbutn )tiva/i'.
niknidesf - holotype).
The nominate stjbspecies of C/, nijetodes is spread in the eastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina atid the western part of Montenegro, No morphobgical diffetruces exist among single populations from Trebevič, Treikavica, Durmitor, Vilusi and the peak of Orjen. From the environs ofCctinje Uoc. t>p. of O. n!feu>äi>s}^ü new material is available so ii cannot be confirmed whether this population ofwhieh only one female is known in fact belongs to the same subspecies; taking into account the newly discovered finding plates (Vilusi, the peak of OtjenJ the probability thereof is quite strong. The population from Bjelainica near Gacko, too, most probably belongs to this typical subspecies, which can be inferred from the geographic position of the finding place and the apical margin of st, VI( of both females which are at our disposal. A male will have to be provided for a more rehabic identification.
23. Ctenophthaii (Figs. 10, 19)
; (IMcdioctenaphthalmus) nifetodeü ssp. (Oijen: Stirovnik)
C rn a Gora:
Is	Oljen; Stirovnik, 1,500 m., 1968, fraisi Dinaroittyn hos^danovi, B. Petrov
While being lent, the slides of this population got lost, and all there hat» been left of it are photographs of two males. Even thou^ Stirovnik is but 5 km away from the peak ofOrjcn, the living-space of ssp. tiifeiodes, the photographs let us affirm with a great deal of certainty that the two populations differ from each other. By the dorsal lobe of the fixed process and
the rou tided anterior apit;ai angJe of the fixed process the ma lea from Sfirovnik coineide with ssp. niartinoruni and by the apical margin ofst, VllI with ssp. nifetc/dex. The movable process resembles the nominate subspecies though two sderotized prominences lie in the last third of the apical margin, The first thereof is identical with the first »wart« in other subspecies, whereas the second forms a posterior apicaJ angle. The site identical with the second »wart« lies in the middle of the posterior margin, is broadly rounded and unsclerotized. This population difTers quite well from all known subspecies but since no male serving asa holotype is at our disposal, it cannot be denominated.
24. Crenophthalmus (MeiliDctencqihthalmus) nifetodes manlnor
{Figs. 10, 18.23 b, 30)
SMir 1957
MRkedonija; 4rf 99 1 tf U
3 J 35
Sar planina; pöpova Sapfca, l,SOO- 2,00(f m., VIU, 194«, from Himramys hogda-mjvt, B. Peirav; idem, la X, IQ65:
Korab: Velika Kombska vrata, 7. VIM. 1935, from Dohmy:!iifeben^^ikori kofahen-jiis f-Dinarorttys ho/^danrivi). V, Martino; SMlT 195?! J14 (holotype, aUotype and paratypes);
Komb: Cof-Alija. I.SÜO m., VII-V111. 1935. from Dalomys firt'beniCikovi korabenxia '=Dintirortiy.'i hofidantivij, V, Manino; SMIT 1957: 314 (paraiypes).
In the area ofKorab no theriological investigations haver been made since ihe World War 11, so no new siphonapteric nriaterial is available therefrom. Classified lo this subspecies can be also the population from Sar planina which by its essential characteristics coincides with ihc population from K o rab, however, in one male there «n already be noticed a transition towards the nominate subspecies.
Pi^ 50. Ctentiphrhalmii.i; nifeiaäes manmomm SMIT, sternum VII of female and outline of stem urn VII: Popova Šapka, Sar planina. Macedonia.
s, Brelih; Eaoparasiiiciil eniomoFaLina,..

25. Ctennphthalmus (Metlinctenaphlhalmus) doliimvdis SM [T 1937 {Figs. 8,31)
Bosna i Hercegovina; J (f 3 v
Črna Gora; I rf 4? I 9
MaJtcüonija: I ?
Busna: Sarajevo, Trebevic, 1,630 m., 15. Vil. 1955, from Dolomys fiogdatiovi mara-koviči {=Dinaromys iM^dnnoviX F. Schraid; SM IT 1957: 317 (holot^pe, ahotype and paraiypeü).
Vilusi, Obod i na, 950 m,, 15. IX. 1^70, from Dmaramys hogäanovi, B. Petrov & G, DJukuč;
Ivanenid, Bjelasira, 2,100 m.. 17. IX, 1^70, from Oinaromy^ bogdanovi. B, Petrov & G. Džukič.
Bistra, l.BOOm., 30. X. 1971, from Dinaromys boadanovi, B, Petrov; GaliCica, 1,600 nr., 3. VI. 1971, from Dinaromys bogdaftovL B. Petrov.
Of the known three species of fleas characteristic of Dinaromys bogdanovi Ct. doiomydis is the least frequent: the smallest of all is also its distribution area, U was described on the basi? of J males and 3 females from Trebevic in Bosnia. According to the dala as published Trebevič has been the only known finding place of this species. In 1970 it was found also iti two finding places in Montenegro and a year later also in two others in Macedonia.
The only male at our disposal (from Obodina) coincides in all essential characteristics with the description of the holoiype. The same applies to two males which, undocumented, make part of the collection of the Zemaljski mu^ej Bosne i Hercegovine in Sarajevo (leg, MARTINO). In eight oft he above-mentioned females from our collection lesser di [Terences can be noticed in the apical margin of si. VIE (Fig. 31) which, however, seem to be individual rather than populational by character.
The data collected so far indicate thai this species is spread in the eastern part of the area off, hof^diinovi i.e. to the east of the line Sarajevo - Trebinje, however, it there lives sympa-trically only with sspp. nifeiodes. d^vkUi. krystufeki and the subspecies from Galisica, In no locality could it be found together with sspp. petrovi and marlinomm even though an ample material waü collected in this very area.
Fi^. 31. Ctenophihalmut dohmydis SM IT, sternum Vll of female and ouiKtie ofsiemum VII; a. Vilusi. Montenegro; b. Bjelasica Mts., Monten^o; c. Bistra Mts., Macedonia; d, Galifica Mis„ Macedonia.
26. Ctenophttaalmus (Euctenophthalmus) consenei- cungtner ROTHSCHILD 1907 Slovenija:
I J	JulUske Alpe; Dom v Planici, 1,000 m,. 3. V, 1983, from ChioKomyi nivatis, B, Kry-
štufek;
I 9	CeHiUica, Otok, 550 m., 6, Vm. 1%7, ftüm Ckionomys nivalis. B. Petrov A S. Brelih,
Hrvatska:
1 rf	Goraki Kotan Risnjak, 1.400 m., 1. IX. I97S, fmm CkiQmmys tiivalii, S. Rrelih &
J. Cregori;
1	f	Velebit: Zavižan, Vui^ak, 1,550 m., J. VF, 1977, from Chiitnumys nivalis. N. Tvrt-
kovic;
2	5	idem, 23. VI. 1981;
t ^	ibidem. 26. VI. I5>SJ. fiwn ChioKornys nhatis. S. Brrlih;
I ?	Vefcbit: Bilenslu Padež, 1,240 tu., 16. Vil I, 1976, from Chionamys nimtis. N. Tvn-
kovic,
Ct. c. congener is a sylvan species iiving in lowlands as well as mountains. In Yugoslavia it is spread in the western part of t Ke country, from Slovenia to Bosnia, It is frequent on all vples but it also passes over to other rodents and insectivores. The findings thereof on Chuy^ twmys nivalis are quite unexpected whereas the chances of its passing over to D. bogdat^ovi are much lesser both in the geographical as well as ecological respect.
27. Qenophthalmus (Euct^nuphthalmus) uncinatvis koshanini ROSICKY & TODOROV1Č 1964
Bosnd in Hercegovina:
Id'	Bosna: Clncar Ravnine, 1,456 m., 14, IX. I9S0, from Dinaromys bogdana\i,
N. Tvitkovic,
Crna Gora:
[ 5	Ivangrad, Bjelasica: Jelovica, 1,400 m., IS. IX. 19ßl, from Dmarnmwt hügdatiovs.
B. Petrov & M. Mi len kovic.
Srbija: Kosovo:
1 9	Žljeb; Kula, l,7S0m., 28, V. 1979, from Osnawrttys bo^äanovi. M, Milenkovič,
Ci uncinatm is a mountainous species. In Yugoslavia ssp. kushanini was stated only in the eastern part of the state, from Bosnia to eastern Serbia at 1000-2000 m. of altitude. Zts most, frequent hosts in our country Ckthrionomys glareuhs and Pifymys aubterraneus but it frequently passes over to other rodents. In three localities it was found on D. bogdanovi, but never on Ckionomys nivalin, for the distribution areas of this flea and the snovv vole overlap on a very small territory.
s, B re tih: Brtoparasitical entomorauna...	35
LEPTOPSVLLIDAE
28. Pcmmyscopsylla bidentata (KOLEN ATt 1S63)
H r\atska1
1 9	Velebit; Modrica dolac, 1,460 m., 13. Vil. i977, from Chionomys nivalii, N, Tvrt-
kovič.
Črna Gora:
1	s	Ivangrad, BjeiasicaL Jelovica, 1,400 m., 18. IX. 1981, from Dinaromys bngdanovi,
B. Petrov & M. Milen kovic.
Makedonija:
2	s	Sar planina: Popova Sapka, 1,900 m., 10. X, 1965, from Chhnumys nivalii, B, Pet-
rov;
4 rf 6 s	GaJičica, 1,600 m., M. X. J983, from Chionomys nivalis, B. Krystufek & M. Bela-
novič.
P. hidentaia is one of our most frequenl winter sylvan species of fleas whose true host is Cktkrinomys glareotus but it quite often passes over to other voles, mice and shrews. It lives pritnarily iti the mountainous regions and is rare in lowlands. The findings thereof oti Ckio-ftomys nivalis and Dinaromys bogdanovi would undoubtedly be much more numerous if winter hunting were more intensive in places populated by these two voles.
29.	Peromyscopsylla silvatioi (MEINERT 1896) Srbija;
1 e	Suva planinEi: Ttiem, IJOO m., IX, 1947, from Chionomys nivalis^ A, Ružič & Pet-
rov; ROSECK^ Sl TODOROVfC 1%4: 212; 1 J 2 9	fiasara; Planinica, 1,1 iO m., IS. Vlll, 1^81, from Chionomys nivalin, B. Petrov,
In Yugmlavia P. iilvaUca was found in few localities in the eastern part of the country so it was impossible to get a clear idea of its distribution or its true hosts. In Central Europe it is much more frequent, Oetkrionomys glareolus probably being its true host. In our country it was stated exclusively in mountains, therefore. Chsonnmys nivalis seems Wkely to be one of its more important hosts.
30.	PeromyscQ|Ky»a fellax (ROTHSCHILD 1909) S I o V t rt i j a :
1 5	Julijske Alpe: Tienu: Pri cerkvi, 710 m.. 12.1 X. 1986. from Chionomys nivalis, S.
Brelih & i. Dc^vi^;
I <f	Julijske Alpe: Dom v Planici, 1,000 m, 27, VMl. 1983, from Chiotiomy:^ niwlis.
B. Krykufek;
1 tf Ja	JuJijske AJjk: Tamar, 1.10Ü m.. 27. VFll. 1 (JSS, from Chimrjrnvs nivalis. N. Tvitko-
5 5	Julijske Alpe: Krma. 1.000 m.. 18. V JU. 1from Chianomys nivalii. B. Pstrov &
S. Bi«];h;
I tf 1 f	Trnovski gozd: Caven. J,240 ni,, 3. X. 5968. from Chionomys nMi.y, S. Brei i h;
I?	idem, 1,200 TU.. 23. [X. 197 U
2 s	J^njšica: Javoraik, 1.100 tn.. 3. IX. 1971, from Chionomys nivalis. S. Brelih&R. Je-
iiniič.
IL r v a L s k a:
1	9	Vetebit; Zaviiaii. Mctdrica dolac, 1,460 m.. 13. X. 1977, friom Chionijrnys nivalis.
M. Tvrtkovič;
2	9	idem, 8. JX. 1979;
I ?	Velebit: Zavilan, Vukušič sniježnica, 1,420 m.. 2S, IX. 1V75, Trom Chinnomyx niva-
/is, N- Tvnkovič;
4 rf 2 f	Velehit: Veliki Zavilan. 1,670 m., 17. IX. 1974. from Chmwinys ntvoii s. N. Tvrt-
kovič;
6 <f 7 9	idem, 28 IX. 1975;
) ¥	Velebil; Sarinac. 1,200 m., 20. VJJl. 1976, from Chionomys nivalis, N, Tvrtkovič;
4 J	Velebit: Mirevo, 1,400 m.. 15-16. VI![. 1976, from rAionflwyj n/ra/«. N. Tvrtkovič.
1}	idem. 7, VI[f, 1977;
1	cT J 9	Velebit: Bileriski padež, 1,240 m., 16. V Ml. 1976, from Chionomvi rt!\alis, N- Tvrt-
kovii;
2	rf	Velebili Corina Pcosina. 1,350 tn.. 29. [X. 1974. from Chitwomyi »(vatia, N. Tvn-
tovič.
Ho&na i IHcrccgovina:
t <t	Bosna: SsJtor Babina greJa, 1,620 m., 13. IX. 1983, from Dirtaromys hogdanovi.
N. Tvrtkcvič;
4 d- 3 8	Bosna; Cincar, 1,700 m., 13. IX. 1980, from CkiOrtomys ttivaiis, B. Kryjlufek;
I J 4 ^	Bosna: Cincar Ravnine, 1,456 m„ H- IX, 1980, from Cfiioijoi»y^ nivuH.i, N, Tvn-
kovic.
Crna Oora:
I;	Ivangrad, Bjelasica; Jelovica, 1,400m., IS, IX. 1981, frütn Dinaromys bo/jdanovi,
B. Petrov k M. Milan ko vič.
In VugosJavia P.ßllax is much more spread and frequent than P. silvaiica. With the exception of Macedonia it has been found In all of our republics and autonontcms provinces. Most of the specimens were collection at sites lying at more than 1000 m. of altitude, in the forest or above the forest limit. With us the most frequent true host of P. failax is Cleihrio-ftomys alareolus, folJowed Cfiionomy.f nivafix. On other small mamitiais it was slated only in single cases.
31, Ijeptopsylla (Lejvtopsylk) tiischenbcrgi taschenbcrgi (WAGNER 11^9^) Srbija:
I d'	Suva planina: Trem, 1,700 m,, iX. 1947, from Cfiionomys iiivalit, A Ružič & B. Pet-
rov; ROSICKY & TODOROV1Č 1964; 212.
s, Krell h: Ectoparaiitlöil eniomofauna...	37
[n Yugoslavia L. tiVfchenbergi lives above all at higher places (900 to 2,300 m. ofaltitude) but 15 quite rare in lowlands. Its true hosts are mice of the genus Apodi'mux', with us it is mosi frequenlly found on /1, sylvaricus and /I. myitacinu^. On Mux hortulantis and Chionomys nivalis it was caught but once. The latter finding is not as surprising as it might seem ai the first sight since this vole comes into contact with mice of the genus ApoJemux.
33, UptopsyJIa (Leptopsylla) segnis (SCHÖNHERR 1811)
H r v a [ 5 k a L
1 B	K-oiJak: Malafika, Opor, 500 m., 6. X, 1975, from Dinarnmys hogdanovi, N, Tvrt-
kovif.
L. IS a cosmopolitan species living on namero us species of mice and rats, specially of t he genera Mus, Apodemus and Railus. Its true host is the house mouse (jUhs niM^iEv/j« s. lat.), whereas it is more or less by accident if it goes astray on voles. Our finding thereof on IX hngdanovi is not surprising as this vole lives m the same surroundings as Apvtiemus my-slacitius which in the same local it j (Malacka) was badly infested with this Ilea spccies.
33. AmphiifsyUa rossica WAGNER 1912 Makedonija:
! rf	Oaličica, 1,600 m., 11. X, from Chionnmyit nivuHn, B- Kry^inifck Sc M. Bela-
novič.
In Yugoslavia A, rossk'a i$ bound all lo MitroUi'i {malis and M. epiroticua, pas.singovcr toother small mammals only by accident. It is more frequent at lower sites, with the exception of southwestern Macedonia where it was found at up to 1,800 m. of ahitude, and on this very height it also passed over to Chivwmys nivalin.
CERATOPHYLLIDAK
34, Megflbnthrk turbidus {ROTHSCHILD 1909)
Slovenija:
I s	Julijske Alpe: Dom v Planici. 1.000 m., J. V, 1983, from (^/iioflom.vi whwfc, B. Kr^
ysiufeit;
1 tf	HmJSita: Javomik. 1. 100 m„ 3, tX, 1971, from Chiofiomvs nivaih S. Brelih & R. Je-
lintiC;
1	tf	Certn Ira, Otok, 5 50 m., 6. V111.1967, from Chionamys n iVa/u, B, Petrov & S. Bceli h;
2	a	Snežnik, 1.600 m., 20. Vil. 1967, from Chionontys nhalL%, B. Petrov & S. Brtlih,
Hrvatska:
! d 29	Gorski Kotar Risnjak, 1,400 m.. 9. Vili. 1967. from Chio»(}mys nivaiis. B, Petrov
&. S. Bretih;
t rf	ibidem, 1. IX. 1978, fTcma Chionomys nimSh, S. Brcliii & J. CjraBori',
4 5	Vekbit: Zaviäan, VuCjak, 1,550 m., 5, V], 1977, from Chionomys nivaiU. N, Tvrt-
kovič;
1?	idem, 12. X. 1977;
2tf 3 g	idem. 23. VI. 1981;
Id 2 f	Velebii: Veliki Zavižan, 1,670 m.. 28, TX. 1973, from Ckionomys nivcdis, N. Tvrt-
kovic;
I H	Vclfbiu Malovan, 1,6ÜÜ m., 15. Vil. 1483, Chmnomy^ niWfs. N, Tvflkyvit;.
Bosna i h) crcego v i n a :
2?	BosTia: Salon Babina greda, 1.620 m,, 13. IX, 1983, from Chinnomys nivatix.
N, Tvitkovič;
1 rf	idem, from Oiitanmys hvsdmoyi:
1 9	ibidem, 5. IX. J9S4. frum Chionomys nivalii, B, KryStufek;
I cf	Bosna: Sator: Satorskojezero, 1,4äÜ ti?., 13, IX. 1983, from Chionomyi nivaüs, B. K r-
ystufek;
[ fl	Hercegovina: Zclengora; Orlovačko jezero, 1,500 m., 9, IX. 1984, from Dinaromv!'
hogdanovi, B. Kj>'5tufek,
Cn a Cora;
Du nil it or Crepuljna poljana, 1.700 m., 10. VI. 1983, from Difiaromys boadanovi, B. Krystufek; 1 s	idera, from Chionomys hivdiy.
I J 1 9	Ivanjsrad. Bjelasica: Jelovica, 1,40(1 m.. |R. VIL 1976, from Dinaromyi bogdanovh
B. Krystufek;
1	9	ibidem, 18. IX, 1981, from Dinawmys hfi^movi, fl. Petrov;
3 fT 4 }	Komovi: Slavna, 1,300 m., 1967, from Chinrtomys nivalis, B. Peirov;
11 e	ibidem, 17, VH. 1978, from Chinnomys riivah^. B, Petrov. S. Bnilih & fl. Kry^tufek
Srhija;
I if	Suva pbnina: Trem, 1,700 m., IX. 1947, From Chionomys nivalin. A. Rlžič B. Pci-
rov; ROSICKV & TODOROVlC 1964: 213; 11 9	idem, 10, VI. 1947;
Id 2?	fla<iara: Plsminica, 1,150 m , IB, VIII. I9g|, from CAiwjnfiW.V,! mvaii^, B, Pelrov.
Srbija; Kosovo:
I «T le	Žljd>; Kuia, 1,750 m., 13. VII. 1978, froTaDinarornvxbogdanovi, B. Peirov, S, Brei i h
& H. Kryslufek.
Makedonija;
1 ri*	Sar planina: Popova Sapka, l,S0O--2,()OOm,. Vili. 1948. fnjm Chionomyi nivalis,
B, Petrov;
2	s	idem, from Dinaromys bogdamivi:
2 5	ibidem. 10. X. 1965, from Chitmotny.'i nivalif,, B. Petrov;
1 rf 1 J	ibidem. 1,500 m., 27. IX. 1966 from M krom (-dCkianomys) nivaiii^ SKURATO-
W1CZ& BARTKOWSKA 1977:62; 1 9	idem, 26, VIII. I97S;
s. fire] i h: Ectoparasitical entomoüiuna,..
J9
1 J
Bistra, 1,750 m., 30. X, 1971, from Dinarumys bogäatiavi, B. Peitov, Pdistcr Jorigov Kamen. I,750in,. 10. X, t3. from Chionc^my^ nivflfo. B. Petrov B. Kryälufek.
M. lurbiätia follows Clenophthaimus u^yrtes as ifie second mqst frequent flea species in Yugoslavia, parasitizing on small tcrrcstriai mammals. It was found on almost all species of voles, mice, and shrews, though on the latter these fleas are much less numerous. The most frequent hosts iheneofare Ctetkfhnamys fftarevtus. Apedemus jhvkottis and Chiotiomyi ni-valis. It is spread in aJl of our republics and both autonomous provinces. It lives both in mountains and lowlands, being more frequent in forests than open fields.
35. CallopsyJIa caspla (TEFLOV 1937)
Makedonija; Id- 2 s
Ptiister. Golemo jezero, 2^250 ni., 19. VII. 1971,	nivalin, B. Peirav.
This is the first and so far also the only finding of C, caspia in Yjgoslovia. This species is spread from the Lebanon Mountains and the Caucasus to Pamir and Tien Shan, fts true hosts are voles of the genera Chionotnys and ASiicoia. In connection with the Balcans it was Rrst mentioned b> ROSICK^ (1959: 344-7) who described the subspecies C c. rkodopeiü from the f^rin Mountains (Vihren) in southwestern Bulgaria, while SM IT and WRtGHT (f 9 7 5:3 7) a ttribute it to the nomi nate species- T he specini ens from Peliste r s I ightl y d iffer from the nominate form, however, the material as at our dispo&äl does noi alfow us to state whether a new infraspecific taxon is in question. The true host of the Bakan populations of this species is Chionomys nivalis.
Fig, J2. Cailopsydü caspiü (TIFL-OV), stemuTü VII and outline of stem urn Vi I of two females: Pellst er Mts., Macedonia.
56. Monopsyllus sciuroruiti sciurorum (SCHRANK 1781) Crna Gora;
! <}	Tvangrad, Bjelasica; Zckova gJiiva, 2,050 m,, 19, IX. ly&l, Trom Dinawrrtys basäa-
fiovL B, Petrov & M. Mitenkovic.
M. sciurorum is ^ very frequent flea living above ali on squirrels and dormice. As revealed in the course of our investigations, in VugosSavia the squirrel (SfiMcw.v viffjffln,y)and the fat dormouse (Gliif glis) are by 100 % infested therewith. It was found also on Dryttmyx tiilediiia. Ehortiys qin'rcinus, Apodftntt.ißaMicolli.s. A. sylvaiicu^, Clethrionomysgiareotu\. Microiiis arvalis. Dinaromy% bogdanovi. Pants major. Maries martes, M. foina and fViw sihestris. M, iciitrorum often passes over to the beasts feeding on squirrels and dormice; infested with this Hea Species are most often those birds as nest, like dormice, m hollows. Only one apecimen of this flea was found on Dinaromys hogdanovi and none on Chiouomys mvüHs. The transitions of Heas in the opposite direction are more frequent, so a number of times Cienoph-thatmm nifiiodirs was found at different localities on the fat dormouse, even though this flea is much less frequent than M. sciurorum. An explanation could probably be found in the fact that a stronger dormouse supersedes a relict vole and settles in its nest, thereat becoming infested with its parasites.
s. Brelih: Ecioparasilical entomofeuna ..	41
Kc;y to the Subspecies üf Ctenuphthalmus nifelodes
Males:
L Ventral lobe (U) of fixed proccss short, posterior margin of movable process with a deep sirnis (Figs. 11, 13) ............................................................................................. 2
-	L' of fixed process long, posterior margin of movable process without u deep sinus (Figs. 13-18) ................................................................................................................. 3
2.	Short marginal seta on posterior margiri directly behind the second sclerotized marginal proTninencc (»wart«); the first »wart« developed (Fig. 11) (Slovenia) ............... n-bneliJii
-	No short marginal seta behind the second »wart«; the first »wart« is not developed {Fig. ! 2) (Velebit).......................................................................................... n. t^rtkovici
3.	Supra fovea I portion of movable process has the shape or a rhomboid of a rectangle <Figs. 13, 14)................................................................................................................ 4
-	This portion has a different shape (Figs, 15-20)......................................................... 5
4.	Supra fo\ eal portion of moi^abl e process more or less rhomboidal, on pmrcrior apical angle on posterior margin there is no short marginal seta (Fig. 13) (Croatia, Bosnia, Herzeijovina) ................................................................................................................It. euaeniae
-	Supra fovea! portion of movable process more or less rectangular, short marginal seta directly behind posterior apical angle on posterior margin (Fig. 14} (Kosovo, eastern Montenegro} ................................................................................................n- petrov!
5.	Apical margin of st. VIII forming a narrow lobe just above the sinus {Fig, 22)......... 6
-	Lobe of St. V It! completely rounded (Figs. 24a. c}..................................................... S
6.	Anterior apical angle of movable process rounded (Fig. 19) (southwestern Montenegro) ...................................................................................................nifetodes ssp. (Stirovnik)
-	Anterior apical angle of movable process sharp (Figs, 16, 17} ................................... 7
7.	Second »wart« approximately in the middle bHJlwen the fii^t »wart« and tetrad bristles {Fig. 16) (eastern Montenegro)...................................-.............................................. n. dzukici
-	Second »wart« fanher ofifthe first tvwarth than tetrad bristles (Fig. 17) (Bosnia, Herzegovina, eastern and southern Montenegro).......................................... it. nifetodes
8.	Movable process pyrilbrm, apical maigin of this process passes into posterior margin (Fig. 18) (northwestern Macedonia).................................................................. n. martinorum
-	Anterior and posterior margin of movable process more or less parallel, at one point only apica! margin passes under an obtuse angle into posterior margin {Fig. 15) ,.„, 9
9.	Posterior margin of movable process only slightly longer than apical mai^in (Fig. 15) {western Macedonia} ................................................................................. n. Isryshireki
-	Posterior margin of movabie process almost twice as long as apieal margin (Fig. 20) {southwestern Macedonia)......................................................... nifetodes ssp. (GaliSiea)
SLiMMARV
In Vugoilavia 22 species and 11 subspecies ot'fieas have been stated on Dinaramys bag-danovi and Chiommys nivaUi. as well as 4 tax a which have not as yet been definitely identified.
Living on D. bogdanovi three specific species ot'siphonaptera which liave so far been stated in the Yugoslav territory only: Rkadiuopsylla dohmydis, Clenopkihalmus nijeuxif^ and Ct. dülomydis. On Žljeb Mis., on the border between Kosovo and Montenegro, this vole fed two t'emaäes from the genus Rhadinop^yiia which by teriain charactenstics come very close to the Alpine species Rh me!;a. From the latter and the related species Rh, mesoides they differ in three aniepjgidial bristles, a dilFercntly shaped apicaJ margin of the VHiiitergite and the Vll'i' ste mite, a double row of brist! es on the Vll^'' stemite and a shorter distance between I he frontal tubercle and the oral angle involved in the present case is most probably a new, a-H yet unnamed species, however, a male would he indispensable to corroborate this presumption. D. hogdamvi is presumably also the true host of this population. From the same genus fRhadinop.syllai a male from the vicinity of Vitusi, Montenegro, has remained unidentified, By most ofitscharactenstics it coincides with Rb. dotomydu but ii fundamentally differs from this species in its genal comb. A more ample material will let us determine whether an abnormal specimen or else a new taxon is in question.
Four sspp, have so far been known Q^Ctenophtkülmus nij'eiudifat tiijetodt^^, eii^eniae, mar-linoFitm. and breUhi Described in the present paper are four further sspp.: (mkovid, pelrovi, kryiiiiji^ki and Jzukk i. From Galičica Mts,, Macedonia, and Stirovnik Mt. nearOrjen Mts., Montenegro, two subspecies have remained undescribed; the slides got lost while being lent, so merely the photographs thereof are at our disposal. The true host of the majority of these subspecies is undoubtedly D. ho){dat^ovi, which, however, most probably does not apply lo both northwestern raccs (sspp, tvrtliovici and brelihi), On /avirän, representing the locus ty-picus of ssp, ivrtkovici, all specimens were collected on Ch. nivalis. D. hi)gdanovt is not known in connection with this finding placcbut it was caught about 5 km away from there, at Gomja Klada lying from 1, 100-1,200 m. lower. The only specimen of Ct nifetodcs froni this finding place, though belonging to ssp. ivrikovici. already approaches ssp. eugeniae by the shape of its fixed process, which points to the mutual isolation of the populations from Gornja Klada and Zavižan, simultaneously confirining the presumption that Ch. nivalis is the true host of ssp, ivrikovici. A similar situation can be observ'ed with regard lo ssp. hrelihi which has so far been stated only ai Hotedršica in .Slovenia, <7to jf/ii' being known as its true host. In Slovenia there are known no recent finding places of O, bo}^damvi\ its Pleistocene fragments were encountered in the environs of Ilirska Bistrica, whereas those of t he fossil lima rwjn v.? daimaiinm near Trie^ite in Ital. Both a fore-mentioned finding places are about 40 km away from Hote-dräica. As in spile of repeated efforls wc have taifed to find recent D. hogdanovi, we may presume tfiat i n Slovenia this specie became extinciwhileits parasites survived and passed over to new hosts, At the moment we are not in position to answer the question whether in the case of C L nifelodi's the new host is G lis glix or Chionomyi nivalix.
Of the fleas charaoieristic of Manino's vole only Ct. nifetodes was staled througfiout its distribution area. Most subspecies of this flea are geographically strictly localized and were stated only in one or two neighbouring Finding places. Thus, ssp. krystufcki was stated exclusively on Bistra Mts., Macedonia, ssp. dzukicion Bjelasica Mis., Montenegro, ssp. owraW in Kosovo and on Komovi Mts., Montenegro, ssp. martinorum on Korab Mts., and Sar planina, Macedonia, and the two as yet undescribed subspecies on Galičica Mts., Macedonia, and Stirovnik Mt, near Oijen Mts., Montenegro, Two subspecies alone cover a larger area, namely, the nominate subspecies living in southern Bosnia{Trebevie Mts,),eastern lierzcgo-vina and western and southern Montenegro, and ssp. eugeniae spread from the southeastern Velehit Mts. in Croatia and Sator Mts. m Bosnia, to the Neretva and Prenj Mts. Distributed
s. Brc lih; Ecloparasilicai entomofauna...	43
more or less similarly as Ci. nifetodes is also RhadinapiiyHa doiomydis which, however, was not stated in the Northern and the Central Velebit Mts. Likewise we did not find it in some other lcM:alitieii known as the living place of its true host, which may be due to the fact thai we collectetl in the summer lime whereas the species from the Rhailinpiylla genus appear as images above all during ihe winter. Of the three spccies Cietiophthnlmus covers iKe sm a liest area; it was only found in the localities Jying to the east of ihe line Sarajevo - Orjen Mts.
In addition to the species of D, bof^cJanovi the following fleas were also found on ihis vole; Rhinohphopsylla u. unipeclinata, /lysmchopsylla orienmiix, Doratopsylla d. üasycnema, Ctenophthalmus agyrtes dinafus, Ct- a. ohridanus, Cl. a. s^fbkus. Ct. uticinatus koshartim. Peromyicopsyiia hidemata, P. faUax. Leptopsylh segnis, Me^aholhris turbidiis, and Mo-nopsyfius sc. .Kiurarum.
In Yugoslavia Cfjionamys nivaSif is infested with two specific flea speciej, namely: Cie-nophlfialmus orphilits dolomiticus living in the Julian and the Kamnik Alps and Snežnik Mts, in Slovenia and on Risnjak Mts. in the Gorski Kotar, Croatia, and CaSlopiylta caspia found only at higher positions of Pelister Mts, in Macedonia, In the territory bet wen the Gorski Kotar, the Central Velebit Mts, and Pelister Mts. the snow vole feeds none of its specific sipho-naptera, it is intersting to note that Ihis territory coincides with the distribution area of D. hog-(iünovi. The populations of C/f, nivtilh from eastern Serbia are hkewiseconnected with no specific flea species. Beside the two specific spccies and the afore-mentioned Ct. ni/elitde^ Ivrl-kovici the following species and subspecies of siphonapiera were also found on the snow vole; Hys(rkfiopsy!iü üriemali^, Atyphlocerm nupenii patinux. Rhadinop^ylla i. imegella, Cieno-phtbalua monticola, Ctertophtha(mu:i agyrtes wagneriünus. Ct. a, dintims. Ct. a. ohridanus, Ct. a. serbicsisr Ct. a. greaciis, Ct. ni/etodes eugemae, Ci. n. petrovi, Ct. c. congener, Peromy-scopxyiia bidematd, P sihatica, P. faihx. Lvptopsytla t. taschenbergi, Amphipsytta rossica and Megabotiuis turbidus.
I'OVZKrKK
Na reliktni voluharici 'Dtnarontys hogJanovi) in snežni voluharici fChionvmyf; nivalis} smo V Jugoslaviji ugotovili skupno 22 vrst in 11 podvrst bolh in štiri taksonc, ki št niso dokončno idcntitidrani.
Na rdiktni voluharici žive tri, zanjo znaCilne in do sedaj samo na ozemlju Jugoslavije ugotovljene vrste h tli h L RhaJmopxyllü {ioloftiyJlx, Cienopiiihülmus nifeiocks in Ci. tioloitiydiji. Na Žljcbii, na meji ined Koso vim in Črno goro, smo na tej voluharici naäli dve üamici \z rodu RhaämopsyUü, ki sta po nekaterih znakih zelo podobni alpski vrsti Rh. mi'ja. Od te in od sorodne vrste Hh. mesoides pa se loCiia po treh antepigidialnih äfetmüh, drugače oblikovanem apikalnem robu Vli. tergita in VI J. stcmita, dvojni vrsti ščetin na VII. stern it u in krujši razdalji med oratmm kolom in čelnim tuberklom, Verjetno gre v tem primeru zz novo, 5e neimenovano vrsto, vendar bi potrditev te domneve morali imeti Endi samca. Tudi od te vrste je glavni gostitelj skoraj zanesljivo reliktna vol uharica. Iz rodu Rhudinopsyiia je ostal ne i den-liJlciran tudi samec iz okolice V i lu sov v Črni gori, ki se v večini znakov ujema z vrstu Rh. do-iomydi,^. od nje pa se ^elo razlikuje po ličnem glavniku, Na podlagi obsežnejšega materiala bo mogoče ugotovili, ali gre za nenormalen osebek ali pa za nov takson.
Od vrste Ctcrophihahnus nijetod^s so bile do iedaj znane štin podvrste: fufeU^des. euge-niae. martinonun in hrelihi, V tem prispevku so popisane še štiri nadaljnje podvrste: tvrtkv-y>ii. ppjrnvi, kry,nili'ki in	: Nepopisani sta ostali še dve podvrsti z Galičice v Make-
Ji>niji in s Stirovnika pri Oijenu v Cmi gori, od Iciterih sti se pri izposojanju izgub:]] p^paraLi. ohramic pa so se fotografije, Glavni gostitelj od večine teh podvrst je nedvomno reliktna volu ha rica, kar pa verjetno ne velja ?.a obe severozahodni podvrsti tvriknvici in brelilii. Na Za-vižann, kije tipieno rahajali5£e za podvrsto ivrihnii-'L so bili v$i primerki ujeti na snežni voluharici. Reliktna voluharicii s tega nahajališča ni znana, ujeta pa je bila pri približno 5 km oddaljeni Gornji Kladi, ki leži 1100 do 1200 m nižje. Edini primerek te vrste bolhe s tega nahajališča sicer pripada k podvrsti nr I kovici, vendar se po obliki kopulacijskega organa že približuje podvrsti eiigeiiiaf. kar kaže na medsebojno izoliranost populacij z Gornje Klade in Za-viiana, iitofiasno pa potrjuje domnevo, daje glavni gostitelj od podvrste imkovid snežna volu hari ca. Pod ob no je tudi s podvrsto hrelilii, ki je bila do sedaj ugotovljena samo pri Hotedräici v Sloveniji, njen edini do sed;^ znani gostitelj pa je navadni polh {Gti.\ i'A.vJ. I ž Slovenije ni znanih recentnih nahajališč reliktne vol uharice, njeni fragmenti i i pleist ocena pa no bili odkriti v okolici Ilirske Bistrice, od i7umr[e vrste Dinarflmy.i dalmaliuux pa blizu Trsta v Italiji. Obe omenjeni nahajališči sta oddaljeni od Hotedräice okoli 40 km. Ker nam kljub vztrajnemu iskanju v Sloveniji ni uipelo najti recentnih populacij reliktne voluhariee, domnevamo, da je ta vrsta pri nas izumrla, ostali pa so njeni paraziti, ki so preili na nove ^stitelje. Na vpraSanje, ali je v primeru Cienopiuhatmiix nifewdes f?relifii to navadni polh ali pa snežna vol uharica, dane^ Se ne moremo odgovoriti.
Od bol h. znač ilnihzareliktnovoluharico, smo na ce lotncm a rca 1 u nj en c razsi rjen ost i u gotovih samo vrsto Cietjophthalitius tiifi'iodes. Večina podvrsi te bolhe je geografsko ozko lokal i zi rani h in smo jih ugotovili lena enem ali dveh bližnjih nahajališčih. Tako je ssp. kry::tti-Je ki ugotovljena samo na Bistri v Makedoniji, ssp. dziikici na Bjelasid v Črni gori, ssp. peiwvi na Žljebu na Koso vem in Komovih v Črni gori, ssp. mariinowm na Korabu in Sar planini v Makedoniji, še neimenovani podvrsti pa na Galičici v Makedoniji in na Stirovniku pri Or-j en u v Črni gori. Samo dve podvrsti zavzemata širši a real in to nominalna podvrsta, ki živi v južni Bosni (Trebevič), vzhodni Hercegovini ter zahodni in južni Črni gori m ssp, eugeniap. kije razširjena od Jugozahodnega VeJebita v Hrvatski in Satora v Bosni do Neretve in Prenja v Hercegovini. Približno enako kot Ci. nifeuiclefi je razprostranjena tudi /ihadinop^yUa do-lomydis, ki pa ni bila ugotovljena na Severnem m Srednjem Velebitu. Nismo je našli tudi na nekaterih drugih lokalitetah. kjer živi njen glavni gostitelj, razlog za to pa je veiietno v tem, da smo lovili predvsem v letnem ča.su, vrste iz rodu Rhadinopsylta pa se kot i magi pojavljajo
najpogosteje v zimskem času. Oenopkihaimti.-i dolomydh zavzema od vseh treh vrsl n^-manjši areal in smq ga nažli samo v krajih, ki leže vzhodno od črte Sarajevo - Oijen-
Polcg specifični h vrst sa reliktno vol uharico smo na njej našli še naslednje bolhe: Rhirio-hp hop svila H. umpeitinam, HysTrichop^ylla ctritftj talis, Doraiopsylla d. dasytnema, Cteno-phtkätmm agyrtex dinufus, Ct. a. ohridanus, Ct. a. ierbicus. Ct. uncinates koihanini. Peromy-scopsylla hidentata, P. fallax. Leplopnylla segnix, Megabolhris lurbidus in Monopsyllus sc.
SLiurirmm.
Snežna vol uharica ima v JugosJaviji dve specifični vrsti bolh, in siccr Ctuntjp/itfrüJ/nus or-p/ji/us de/om/tirus, ki živi v Sloveniji v Julijskih in Kamniških Alpah ter na Snežniku, na Hrvatskem pa na Risnjaku v Gorsitem Kotarju. Na vsem vmesnem ozemlju od Gorske^ Ko taija In Sev. Velebita do Pelistra v Makedoniji je snežna voluharita brez zanjo specifičnih vrst bolh. Zanimivo je, da se to oiemlje prekriva z area lom razširjenosti reliktne volu ha rice, Tudr populacije snežne vol uharice iz vzhodne Srbije nimajo svojih specifičnih vrst bolh. Poleg obeh specifičnih vrst in že prej omenjene podvrste Ci. /ii/etod^s (vrtAiovici, smo na snežni voluharici našli šc naslednje bolhe: //ystricfiopsylla orienialis, Atyphloceras nuperm palinus, Rkadi-nopsy\}a i imegella, Cienophtkalmus moniicoia. Ci. agyrtes wagnerianuJ!, Ct. a. dinariix. Ct. a. ohridamm. Cl a. serhicus, Ci. a. graicun. Ct. nifelodes euf^eniae, Ci. n. petrovi, Ct. c. convener. Peromyscopsyiia bidentata. P. silvaiica. P. faHax, Leptopsytia i. mschenbergi. Am-phipsyUa rossica in Mexahothris lurbidnx.
Rcfcrtnees
BARTOLOM El- G., 1970: Primi contributi alia conoscenza dei Dolpmyj: pleistocenici del
Veneto e del Carso. Mem. Mus. Civ. Slor. Nal. Verena 17: 79-139. BEAUCOÜRNU. J,-C, & H. LAUNAY, 1979: Le genre ffyxmdiop.^yüa TASCHENBERG (1880) dans Touesl du bassin mediterrdneen (Siphonaptera. Hystrichopsyllidae), Ann Is. Soc. ent. Fr. (N.S.) 15 (3): 489--504. HEAUCOURNU, J. C., H. LAUNAV & M. VALLE. 1982. Le genr^ HystrU hop.yylk TASC-HENÜERG, 1380 dans Touesl du bassin medilcrraneen (Siphonaptera, Hystrichopsylli-dac). 111. Nouveaiix elemenis pour la r^iun alpine et les Apennins. Rev. suissc Zoül, 89 (3): 673-689.
BRELIH, S. & B. PETROV, 1979. Ektoparazitska entomofavna sesalcev (Mammalia} Jugo-
S la vije. 1. Ifisekiivori in na njih ugotovljeni sifonapteri. Scopol ia 1: 1-67. GROMOV, 1, M.& 1. J. POlJAKOV, 1977: Fauna SSSR. Miekopitajošie. T. 111,8. Polevki
(Microtinae). Nauka, Leningrad, HOPKINS, G. H. E. Minam ROTSCHILD, 1956, An ilusitated catalogue of the Rnth-schild collcction of Heas(Siphonaptera) in the British Museum (Nut, Hist.) Vol. 11. Copt opsy 11 idae, V erm i psy 1 Jidae, St eph an ocircidae, 1 sch n o psyJ lidae, H>psophthalmidaeaTi(J Xiphiopsyllidae, Trust Brit. Mus.- {Nat Hist.l, London.
—	1962. Idem. Vol. 111. Hystrichopsyllidae. Ibidem,
—	1966. Idem,. Vol. IV. Hystrichopsyilidae. Ihidem.
--1971, Idem. Vol, V. Leptopsyllidae and Ancisirfipsyilidae. Jbidem. KORMOS, T., 1933: Nuove trace di una »Forest bedn fauna nella regione Adriatiea. GroHt-Italia 7 (2): M,
KOVACIČ, d,, 1981: Novipodad za faunu sisavacafMammalia)Istre, /zbornik sažetaka pri-opčenja. Prvi kongres biologa Hrvatske, PoreC, 21.-26. 9, '81. Zagreb 1981: iSO^lSl. KRATOCHVIL, J„ 1981: Cliionomyx wivtjfo (Arvicolidiie, Roden t ia). Acta Se. Nat. Brno, 15 (11)9: 1-62.
PETROV, Ö., 1979: Some questions of the zoogeografical division of the western palaearctic
in the light of the distribution of mammals in Yugoslavia. Fol. :;ooL 28 (1): 13-24. PETROV, B. & M, TOIX5ROVJC, 19S2. Dimromys bo^danavi (V. & E. IVIARTINO, 1922)
- Bergmaus. Handbuch der Säugetiere Europas 2/1: 193-208, ROSICKY, B., 1957; Blechy - Aphaniptera. Fauna CSR 10. Českoslov. akad, v£d., Praha. -& J.CARNELUTTl, 1959. PNspevčk k poznani fäuni blech (Aphaniptera)Slovitiska, Ces-koslov. parasitol. 6 (2): 135-148.
M. TO DO ROY IČ, 1964. Some species of fleas southern regions of Yugoslavia, Cesko-slov. parasitol. 9: 207-216. SKURATOWICZ, W., 1972: Notes on fiystricMopsyiin taipae (CURTIS) (Siphonaptera) in Poland. Bull, Acad. pol. Sd., Ser. Sei, biol. 20: 331-324.
-	& Klara BARTKOWSKA, 1977: Pchly (Siphonaptera) zebrane w Jugoslawii. Frag, faun,
13 (5): 51 "65.
SM IT, F, G, A. M., 1957: Fkas to Ddornys, the Yugoslavian montan vole. Ann, Mag, nat. Hist. (12) 10 (112): 305-319.
-	1963. Species-groups in Ciemphsitaimus {Sinphonaprera: Hystrichopsylliadac). Bull. Brit,
Mu^. (Nat. Hist.), Entomol. 14 (3): 105-152. -Si. A. M.WRIGHT, 1978, A list of code numbers of species and subspecies of Siphonaptera.
Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) ed., London, 48 pp. -- 1965. Notes on the Wagner Collection of Siphonaptera in the Zoologisches Museum.
Hamburg. Mitt, Hamburg. Zool. Mus. Inst. 62: 1-54 VAGNER, J., 1930. Afanipterska fauna Jugoslavije. Glas. JugßsL Entomol, Druš. 4 {1-2) (1928-1939): 9^3.
s, Breli]i: Ectoparasiiital eniomoFaufla.,	47
WAGNER, J., 1933: Fünf neue palaearktische Flöhe, Itoimwia 11 (4): 273-280.
-	I93S: Aphaniptcrologische NolizcTi. V. Übtrdi Rassen von Clenophthalmus orphilus^. &
R. und Ci. nivalis R. und die Vergleichung des Cerataphyllu.'^ garei R. mit C hurealis R.. nebsi einer Festsiellung von Cemtopk. garei islandkus s&p. n. Konowia 16 {3-4): 252-257.
-	1940. Gattung Ctenop/ichatmiis und i tire Einteilung (Aphaniptera. Z- Pa rasi ten k. II (4):
593-606.
ABECEDNO STVARNO KAZALO - SUBJECT INDEX
\mptiipsylla rossi<a 37 Alyphlocsras tiu perns palitius ^
Callopsylla caspia 39
Ctenophthalmus (Ctenophthalmus) agyrtcs din^rus 14 Ctenophthalmus (Ctenophthalnius) agyrtcs graecus !5 Ctenophthaimui (Ctenophlha!mus) agyrtes ohridunus 15 Ctenophthalnius (Ctenophthalmus) agyrt« serbitus 15 Ctenophthaimus (Ctenophthalmus) agyites ssp. 15 rienophthalmus (Ctenophihaimus) agyrtes wagrerianijs 14 (.'[enophlhalmus (EucteHophthjlmuS) congcner congencr .W Ctenophthalmus (£uc[enophthalinus) uncinatus kc^shdnini 34 Ctenophthalmus (McdioctcnophthalmusJ dolom yd is 33 Ctenophthalmus (McdJoctenophthaJmus) nifetodes bretihi IS Ctenophthalmus (Mcdioctcnophthalmui) nifetodes dzukicl 29 Ctenophthatmus (Mediocienoplitlialmii';) niTetode; eii^eniae 23 rteuophthaämus {Msjioclcnophthalmus) nifetodes krystuleki 27 Clcnophthatmus (Mcdioctcnopli I Kalmus) nifetodes m^rtinonim 32 Ctenophthaiiijus (Medioctenophthalmus) nifetodes iiifrtotles 30 Ctenophthalmus (Mtdioctenopli I Hainaus) nifetodes pet rov i 25 ('tcnophihatmus (Medioetcnophthalmus) nifetodes ssp. (Galičica) 28 Ctenophthatraiis (Medioctenopliihaltnus) nifetodes ssp, (Oiien. Stirovnik) 31 Ctcnophthatmus (Mcdiottenophthalmus) nifetodes tvrtkcvici 22 Ctenophlhalmus (Mtdioetcnoplithalraus) nivalis nivalis IS Ctenophthalmus (Medioctenophlhalmus) urphibs dolomiticus 16 Ctenophthalmus {Spalaooctenophthalmus) nionlicola 14
Doratopsylla dasycnema dasycnema 13
Hyitricliopsylla (Hystrichopsylla) onentatis S
Leptopsylla (Leptopsylla) segnis 37
LeptopsyIJa (Leptopsylla) taschenbeigi tasthunbergi 36
Megabothris lurbidus 37 Monopsyllus sciuroruTri sciuroiura 40
Peroinyscopsylla bidentata 35 Peromyscopsylla fallan 35 Perornyscopsylla silvatica 33
Rhadinopsylla (Actenophthalmus) dolom ydis 10 Rhadinopsylla (Actenophtbalnius) irtegella iiitegella 12 Rhadinopsylla (Actenophtbalmus) sp. (Vilusi) 12 Rhadinopsylla (Acienophihalntus) sp. (Zljcb) 9 R-hinolophsylla ninipcctlnata uripcctinata S
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