URN_NBN_SI_doc-M9HHD2ZP

34 L. Vidmar: The Žiga Zois Library as an Accelerator for the Development of Slovene Cultural Nationalism, 33–46 Knjižnica, 59 (2015) 3 Abstract Purpose: The paper investigates how the library, collected by Baron Žiga Zois, influenced the development of Slovene cultural nationalism. First, it explains why the largest public libraries in Slovene ethnic territory – the Seminary and the Lyceum Library in Ljubljana – were relatively un­ important for the shaping of Slovene national identity in that period. The paper then describes the beginnings and growing of the Zois library, especially of its Slovene and Slavic parts. Finally, it shows how the library stimulated Slovene and Slavic national revivals. In conclusion, it states that the Zois library should be urgently organized, presented, and preserved as a corpus separa- tum in the National and University Library in Ljubljana on account of its importance. Methodology/approach: The historical method, based on a critical source study. Results: New evaluation of the importance of the Zois library for the development of Slovene and Slavic national revivals in the Habsburg Monarchy. Research limitation: Manuscripts and books once owned by Žiga Zois and now housed in the National and University Library. Originality/practical implications: Original contribution to the reconstruction, evaluation, and presentation of the Zois library in the National and University Library. Keywords: Žiga Zois, Slovenes, Slavs, cultural nationalism, libraries 1 Uvod V Evropi 18. stoletja so javne knjižnice delovale kot valilnice novih zamisli in spoznanj (Israel, 2001, str. 119), na primer na področju empiričnega naravoslovja, razsvetljenske filozofije in kulturnih nacionalizmov. Svoja vrata so namreč odpirala tedaj najširšemu mogočemu krogu uporabnikov, to je izobražencem ne glede na stan. Ti so v njih do­ bili dostop do najbogatejših zbirk rokopisov, knjig, zemljevidov in drugega gradiva, pa tudi do velikih čitalnic in drugih prostorov, primernih za študij, srečevanje in iz­ menjevanje mnenj. V habsburški monarhiji je bila največja tovrstna ustanova Dvorna knjižnica na Dunaju, ki se je pod vladavino Marije Terezije, Jožefa II. in Franca I. ter pod vodstvom Gerarda van Swietna, Gottfrieda van Swietna in Józefa Maksymiliana Ossolińskega postopno razvila v sodobno znanstveno knjižnico in se odprla zaintere­ sirani javnosti (glej npr. Mosel, 1835). Kljub temu so bile javnosti dostopne knjižnice povsod po Evropi do konca 18. stoletja razmeroma redke. Praviloma so bile še vedno, tudi v Italiji, habsburški monarhiji, Svetem rimskem cesarstvu in Franciji, v lasti posvet­ nih ali cerkvenih knezov (Vidmar, 2008, str. 198). Ti vladarji, med katerimi ni bil izjema niti Jožef II., kljub prevladujoči razsvetljenski miselnosti niso bili pripravljeni podpirati ustanov in družb, ki bi se izmikale ali celo nasprotovale njihovemu nadzoru (Morrison,