Model optimalnega transporta kontejnerjev (TEU) med vzhodnimi državami Združenih držav Amerike in državamI Zahodne Evrope : doktorska disertacija

slovenian

doktorska dela

2014

Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo, prometno inženirstvo in arhitekturo

Containers enable unitization of cargo, which means a faster loading and unloading of vehicles, a smaller possibility of losing the cargo and stealing the shipments, an easier way of storehousing the shipments and reducing the costs of packaging. Container shipping has been the fastest growing sector of the maritime industries during the last two decades. The growth of containers transport is spurred by economic growth, process of globalisation, liberalisation of transport and outsourcing. It ha salso been spurred by the changes in carriers scheduling strategies and by development of ports. Container shipping lines are facing several challenges in today's highly competitive environment, one of which is an increasing demand by customers for greater reliability of container shipments and shipping containers at lower total costs. The main purpose of this Doctor's thesis was to optimise the maritime overseas transport routes and reduce the total average price of container transportation between Eastern countries of the United States of America and Western European countries as a part of logistic system in transnational context as well as to define and calculate the development rate of containers maritime terminals in the Eastern countries of the United States of America and Western European countries. In the research we have modelled six optimisation models of transport. The first optimisation model (Z1) of containers transport over the sea from maritime containers terminals in the Eastern countries of the USA (PKT/A) to Western European countries (PKT/E) was modelled for optimisation by the integer linear programming in Lingo 14 software tool where the criteria of optimisation was the price of container transportation. The second optimisation model (Z2) was modelled for optimisation by the integer linear programming in Lingo 14 software tool and with regard to the development rate of maritime container terminals in Western European countries Sr, where the criteria was also optimising the total average cost of container transportation. As perishable goods are often transported in containers, the priority is given to criteria of optimising the time of transport before the criteria of the cost. In these models the objective function stays linear. The third optimisation model (Z3T) was modelled for the integer linear programming of time of transport. The fourth optimisation model (Z3C) was modelled afterwards for optimising the cost of transport, where the results of previous optimisation of time (Z3T) were considered. The fifth optimisation model (Z4T) was modelled for the integer linear programming of time of transport. The sixth optimisation model (Z4C) was modelled afterwards for optimising the cost of transport with regard to the development rate of maritime container terminals in Western European countries Sr, where the results of previous optimisation of time of containers transport (Z4T) were considered. By development and usage of optimisation model of total numbered integer linear programming, the cost and time of containers transport between maritime terminals in the Eastern countries of the United States of America and Western European countries can significantly be reduced. At planning the model we have considered the following elements: 1) transport infrastructure and suprastructure, 2) use of intelligent information systems, 3) gross domestic product, 4) transport ecology, 5) cargo flows, 6) innovations, 7) safety and security and 8) transport energy, which introduction in practical sense, presents reduction of the total average price and time of container transportation between the containers terminals of Eastern countries of the USA and Western European countries. From the research, made in this Doctor's thesis, we can conclude different directions.

07.08.2023